程序填空: 构造两个类,其中base为基类,subs为派生类。 基类的构造函数和析构函数分别输出”constructing base class“和”destructing base class“,不包含引号 派生类的构造函数和析构函数分别输出”constructing sub class“和”destructing sub class“。 /******************************* //此处填写你的代码,提交的时候,只需而且只能提交你的代码 *******************************/ int main() { subs s; return 0; }
时间: 2025-05-31 08:50:20 浏览: 10
### C++ 基类与派生类构造函数和析构函数的实现代码示例
以下是基于用户需求编写的基类与派生类构造函数和析构函数的完整代码示例:
```cpp
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
// 定义基类 A
class A {
public:
A() {
cout << "constructing A" << endl;
}
virtual ~A() {
cout << "destructing A" << endl;
}
private:
int a;
};
// 定义另一个基类 C
class C {
public:
C() {
cout << "constructing C" << endl;
}
~C() {
cout << "destructing C" << endl;
}
private:
int c;
};
// 定义派生类 B,继承自 A 并包含一个 C 类型的对象
class B : public A {
public:
B() {
cout << "constructing B" << endl;
}
~B() {
cout << "destructing B" << endl;
}
private:
int b;
C c; // 子对象 C 的声明
};
int main() {
B b; // 创建派生类对象
return 0;
}
```
#### 输出结果解释
运行以上程序时,输出的结果将是:
```
constructing A
constructing C
constructing B
destructing B
destructing C
destructing A
```
- **构造函数调用顺序**:按照从基类到派生类的顺序依次调用[^1]。即 `A` -> `C` (作为子对象) -> `B`。
- **析构函数调用顺序**:与构造函数相反,按从派生类到基类的顺序销毁对象[^4]。即 `B` -> `C` (作为子对象) -> `A`。
---
### 复杂场景下的代码示例(多重继承)
以下是一个涉及多重继承的例子,展示多个基类及其构造和析构过程:
```cpp
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
// 基类 Base1
class Base1 {
public:
Base1(int i = 0) {
cout << "constructing Base1 with value: " << i << endl;
}
virtual ~Base1() {
cout << "destructing Base1" << endl;
}
};
// 基类 Base2
class Base2 {
public:
Base2(int j = 0) {
cout << "constructing Base2 with value: " << j << endl;
}
virtual ~Base2() {
cout << "destructing Base2" << endl;
}
};
// 派生类 Derived 继承自 Base1 和 Base2
class Derived : public Base1, public Base2 {
public:
Derived(int i = 0, int j = 0, int k = 0) : Base1(i), Base2(j) {
cout << "constructing Derived with value: " << k << endl;
}
~Derived() {
cout << "destructing Derived" << endl;
}
private:
int d;
};
int main() {
Derived obj(1, 2, 3);
return 0;
}
```
#### 输出结果解释
运行此程序时,输出结果为:
```
constructing Base1 with value: 1
constructing Base2 with value: 2
constructing Derived with value: 3
destructing Derived
destructing Base2
destructing Base1
```
- **构造函数调用顺序**:遵循定义派生类时指定的基类顺序,而非成员初始化列表中的顺序。因此,`Base1` 先于 `Base2` 被调用。
- **析构函数调用顺序**:逆序执行,先销毁派生类部分 (`Derived`),接着是 `Base2` 和 `Base1`[^4]。
---
###
阅读全文
相关推荐

















