LaTeX新手入门教程：资源易学排版指南

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本教程是针对 LaTeX 的全面指南，适合初学者和想要提升排版技能的专业人士。"MoreMathIntoLATEX 4th Edition" 由 George Grätzer 编写，这本书在第 4 版中被更新，旨在帮助读者深入理解并掌握 LaTeX 这一强大的数学排版系统。书中内容覆盖了 LaTeX 的基础知识，包括文档结构、命令详解、数学公式输入、图表制作等核心知识点。作者 George Grätzer 是曼尼托巴大学数学系的教授，他在书中分享了他的专业知识和经验，使得学习过程既易懂又实用。此外，该书还特别强调了与 Math Into LaTeX 第 3 版的更新差异，以及如何利用 LaTeX 的最新特性进行高效工作。Rainer Schöpf 和 LaTeX3 团队为本书提供了前言，进一步确保了内容的权威性和专业性。此教程的特点是易于上手，即使是没有接触过 LaTeX 的新手也能通过逐步的学习快速入门。书中还包含了丰富的实例和练习，帮助读者在实践中掌握 LaTeX 的各种技巧。封面设计出自 Mary Burgess 手笔，整体装帧精美，阅读体验良好。版权方面，"MoreMathIntoLATEX 4th Edition" 是 Springer Science+Business Media 出版的作品，遵循严格的版权规定，未经许可不得全篇或部分复制、翻译或用于任何形式的信息存储和检索。电子版和纸质版均采用酸碱度适中的纸张印刷，确保长期保存的耐久性。这是一本适合 LaTeX 新手和专业人员使用的权威参考书，无论是对于学术论文撰写、科技报告编排，还是希望提升排版质量的设计师，都能从中受益匪浅。通过学习本书，读者将能够熟练地运用 LaTeX 创建出专业水准的文档，提升工作效率。

xviii Contents

A Installation 489

A.1 L

X on a PC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 490

A.1.1 Installing MiKTeX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 490

A.1.2 Installing WinEdt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 490

A.1.3 The editing cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 491

A.1.4 Making a mistake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 491

A.1.5 Three productivity tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 494

A.1.6 An important folder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 494

A.2 L

X on a Mac . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 495

A.2.1 Installations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 495

A.2.2 Working with TeXShop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 496

A.2.3 The editing cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 498

A.2.4 Making a mistake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 498

A.2.5 Three productivity tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 498

A.2.6 An important folder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 499

B Math symbol tables 501

B.1 Hebrew and Greek letters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 501

B.2 Binary relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 503

B.3 Binary operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 506

B.4 Arrows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 507

B.5 Miscellaneous symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 508

B.6 Delimiters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 509

B.7 Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 510

B.7.1 Large operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 511

B.8 Math accents and fonts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 512

B.9 Math spacing commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 513

C Text symbol tables 515

C.1 Some European characters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 515

C.2 Text accents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 516

C.3 Text font commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 516

C.3.1 Text font family commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 516

C.3.2 Text font size changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 517

C.4 Additional text symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 518

C.5 Additional text symbols with T1 encoding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 519

C.6 Text spacing commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 520

D Some background 521

D.1 A short history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 521

D.1.1 T

X . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 521

D.1.2 L

X 2.09 and A

S-T

X . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 522

D.1.3 L

X3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 523

Foreword

It was the autumn of 1989—a few weeks before the Berlin wall came down, President

George H. W. Bush was president, and the American Mathematical Society decided to

outsource T

X programming to Frank Mittelbach and me.

Why did the AMS outsource T

X programming to us? This was, after all, a decade

before the words “outsourcing” and “off-shore” entered the lexicon. There were many

American T

X experts. Why turn elsewhere?

For a number of years, the AMS tried to port the mathematical typesetting features

of A

S-T

X to L

X, but they made little progress with the AMSFonts. Frank and I

had just published the New Font Selection Scheme for L

X, which went a long way

to satisfy what they wanted to accomplish. So it was logical that the AMS turned to

us to add AMSFonts to L

X. Being young and enthusiastic, we convinced the AMS

that the A

S-T

X commands should be changed to conform to the L

X standards.

Michael Downes was assigned as our AMS contact; his insight was a tremendous help.

We already had L

X-NFSS, which could be run in two modes: compatible with

the old L

X or enabled with the new font features. We added the reworked A

S-

X code to L

X-NFSS, thus giving birth to A

S-L

X, released by the AMS at the

August 1990 meeting of the International Mathematical Union in Kyoto.

S-L

X was another variant of L

X. Many installations had several L

variants to satisfy the needs of their users: with old and new font changing commands,

with and without A

S-L

X, a single and a multi-language version. We decided

to develop a Standard L

X that would reconcile all the variants. Out of a group of

interested people grew what was later called the L

X3 team—and the L

X3 project

got underway. The team’s ﬁrst major accomplishment was the release of L

X 2

June 1994. This standard L

X incorporates all the improvements we wanted back in

1989. It is now very stable and it is uniformly used.

Under the direction of Michael Downes, our A

S-L

X code was turned into

AMS packages that run under L

X just like other packages. Of course, the L

xxii Foreword

team recognizes that these are special; we call them “required packages” because they

are part and parcel of a mathematician’s standard toolbox.

Since then a lot has been achieved to make an author’s task easier. A tremendous

number of additional packages are available today. The L

X Companion, 2nd edition,

describes many of my favorite packages.

George Gr

atzer got involved with these developments in 1990, when he got his

copy of A

S-L

X in Kyoto. The documentation he received explained that A

S-

X is a L

X variant—read Lamport’s L

X book to get the proper background.

S-L

X is not A

S-T

X either—read Spivak’s A

S-T

X book to get the proper

background. The rest of the document explained in what way A

S-L

X differs from

X and A

S-T

X. Talk about a steep learning curve . . .

Luckily, George’s frustration working through this nightmare was eased by a

lengthy e-mail correspondence with Frank and lots of telephone calls to Michael. Three

years of labor turned into his ﬁrst book on L

X, providing a “simple introduction to

S-L

X”.

This fourth edition is more mature, but preserves what made his ﬁrst book such

a success. Just as in the ﬁrst book, Part I is a short introduction for the beginner,

dramatically reducing the steep learning curve of a few weeks to a few hours. The

rest of the book is a detailed presentation of what you may need to know. George

“teaches by example”. You ﬁnd in this book many illustrations of even the simplest

concepts. For articles, he presents the L

X source ﬁle and the typeset result side-by-

side. For formulas, he discusses the building blocks with examples, presents a Formula

Gallery, and a Visual Guide to multiline formulas.

Going forth and creating “masterpieces of the typesetting art”—as Donald Knuth

put it at the end of the T

Xbook—requires a fair bit of initiation. This is the book for

the L

X beginner as well as for the advanced user. You just start at a different point.

The topics covered include everything you need for mathematical publishing.

Starting from scratch, by installing and running L

X on your own computer

Instructions on creating articles, from the simple to the complex

Converting an article to a presentation

Customize L

X to your own needs

The secrets of writing a book

Where to turn to get more information or to download updates

The many examples are complemented by a number of easily recognizable fea-

tures:

Rules which you must follow

Tips on how to achieve some speciﬁc results

Experiments to show what happens when you make mistakes—sometimes, it can be

difﬁcult to understand what went wrong when all you see is an obscure L

error message

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