本文详细介绍了如何在Nginx服务器上配置HTTPS和SSL证书，包括检查nginx是否启用http_ssl_module，创建证书文件夹，上传SSL证书，配置nginx.config，设置单独的配置文件，并提供了相关配置示例。同时，强调了配置完成后需先停止nginx服务再启动，以确保配置生效。文章还提及了配置注意事项和相关参考资料。
检测nginx
监测nginx是否带有http_ssl_module。
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -V
如果不携带此模块，需要再nginx安装时，编译配置中增加下列命令：
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_ssl_module
证书路径
在centos服务上创建新的文件夹，保存ssl证书文件：
mkdir /root/ssl
将ssl证书文件上传至服务器中，保存至指定的文件夹内：
配置nginx.config
由于服务器上项目较多，采取的是分离配置文件的方式实现监听。
nginx.config：
[root@VM-0-13-centos conf]# cat nginx.conf
# For more information on configuration, see:
# * Official English Documentation: http://nginx.org/en/docs/
# * Official Russian Documentation: http://nginx.org/ru/docs/
#user nginx;
worker_processes 2; # auto
worker_cpu_affinity 01 10;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;
#pid /var/run/nginx.pid;
# Load dynamic modules. See /usr/share/nginx/README.dynamic.
#include /usr/share/nginx/modules/*.conf;
events {
accept_mutex on; #on
multi_accept on; #off
use epoll; #gselect|poll|kqueue|epoll|resig|/dev/poll|eventport
worker_connections 20480;
}
http {
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
# 保存日志的目录，如果/var/log/ 路径下无nginx文件夹，只需要mkdir创建即可
access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;
# sendfile on;
# tcp_nopush on;
tcp_nodelay on;
server_tokens off;
sendfile off;
sendfile_max_chunk 100k;
keepalive_timeout 65;
types_hash_max_size 2048;
gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 32k;
gzip_comp_level 5;
gzip_types application/javascript text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml text/javascript image/jpeg image/jpg image/gif image/png;
gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6]\.";
gzip_vary on;
server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
underscores_in_headers on;
#ignore_invalid_headers off;
#设定请求缓冲
client_header_timeout 15;
client_body_timeout 15;
send_timeout 15;
client_header_buffer_size 128k;
large_client_header_buffers 4 128k;
# 包含的各个配置文件
include /usr/local/nginx/conf/conf.d/*.conf;
}
配置单一的config
cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/conf.d/
[root@VM-0-13-centos conf.d]# cat sm-wx.conf
server {
# listen 443 ssl default deferred;
listen 443 ssl;
listen [::]:443 ssl;
# your url
# If there are more than one, separate them with spaces
server_name bmdsp.s5.linkpower.com.cn;
# your application route
root /var/www/sp;
# your ssl certificate file route
ssl_certificate /root/ssl/full_chain.pem;
ssl_certificate_key /root/ssl/private.key;
ssl_session_timeout 5m;
ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:20m;
# open session tickets ,and set tikeckets file route
ssl_session_tickets on;
#ssl_session_ticket_key /usr/local/nginx/conf.d/tls_session_ticket.key;
ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
ssl_ciphers "ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA:EDH-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA:AES256-GCM-SHA384:AES128-GCM-SHA256:AES256-SHA256:AES128-SHA256:AES256-SHA:AES128-SHA:DES-CBC3-SHA:HIGH:!aNULL:!eNULL:!EXPORT:!DES:!MD5:!PSK:!RC4";
ssl_stapling on;
ssl_stapling_verify on;
resolver 8.8.4.4 8.8.8.8 valid=300s;
resolver_timeout 10s;
ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
#ssl_dhparam /etc/ssl/certs/dhparam.pem;
client_max_body_size 16M;
keepalive_timeout 30;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log /var/log/nginx/log/host.access.log main;
underscores_in_headers on;
add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=31536000; includeSubdomains;";
add_header X-Frame-Options SAMEORIGIN;
add_header X-Content-Type-Options nosniff;
add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block";
#add_header Content-Security-Policy "default-src 'self'; script-src 'self' 'unsafe-inline' 'unsafe-eval' https://a.disquscdn.com; img-src 'self' data: https://www.google-analytics.com; style-src 'self' 'unsafe-inline'; frame-src https://disqus.com";
location / {
proxy_next_upstream error timeout http_500 http_502 http_503 http_504;
proxy_redirect off;
proxy_hide_header X-Powered-By;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto https;
proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
proxy_set_header X-NginX-Proxy true;
proxy_set_header Connection "";
proxy_http_version 1.1;
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:20195;
# root /usr/share/nginx/html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# index index.html;
}
#error_page 404 /404.html;
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
}
# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
#}
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# root html;
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# fastcgi_index index.php;
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
# include fastcgi_params;
#}
# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
#location ~ /\.ht {
# deny all;
#}
}
注意事项
配置完成后，如果nginx事先已启动，建议先杀掉nginx的pid。
再进行启动操作！
参考资料
nignx web服务器中ssl_ciphers配置项的配置
nginx的一个神秘配置worker_cpu_affinity
Nginx的SSL配置优化安全等级为A级
linux服务器nginx配置ssl证书 监听443端口之后访问不到 以及使用reload没有改变监听端口的问题
重启nginx报错：[emerg] open() “/var/run/nginx/nginx.pid” failed (2: No such file or directory)
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