Practice Makes Perfect: Basic Spanish, Premium Third Edition

Copyright © 2020 by McGraw-Hill. All rights reserved. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher.

ISBN: 978-1-26-045350-8

MHID:     1-26-045350-2

The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: ISBN: 978-1-26-045349-2, MHID: 1-26-045349-9.

eBook conversion by codeMantra

Version 1.0

All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners. Rather than put a trademark symbol after every occurrence of a trademarked name, we use names in an editorial fashion only, and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark. Where such designations appear in this book, they have been printed with initial caps.

McGraw-Hill Education eBooks are available at special quantity discounts to use as premiums and sales promotions or for use in corporate training programs. To contact a representative, please visit the Contact Us page at www.mhprofessional.com.

McGraw-Hill Language Lab App

Extensive audio recordings and flashcards are available to support your study of this book. Go to mhlanguagelab.com to aaccess the online version of this application, or to locate links to the free mobile app in the Apple app store and the Google Play store (for Android devices).

Note: Internet access required for streaming audio.

TERMS OF USE

This is a copyrighted work and McGraw-Hill Education and its licensors reserve all rights in and to the work. Use of this work is subject to these terms. Except as permitted under the Copyright Act of 1976 and the right to store and retrieve one copy of the work, you may not decompile, disassemble, reverse engineer, reproduce, modify, create derivative works based upon, transmit, distribute, disseminate, sell, publish or sublicense the work or any part of it without McGraw-Hill Education’s prior consent. You may use the work for your own noncommercial and personal use; any other use of the work is strictly prohibited. Your right to use the work may be terminated if you fail to comply with these terms.

THE WORK IS PROVIDED AS IS. McGRAW-HILL EDUCATION AND ITS LICENSORS MAKE NO GUARANTEES OR WARRANTIES AS TO THE ACCURACY, ADEQUACY OR COMPLETENESS OF OR RESULTS TO BE OBTAINED FROM USING THE WORK, INCLUDING ANY INFORMATION THAT CAN BE ACCESSED THROUGH THE WORK VIA HYPERLINK OR OTHERWISE, AND EXPRESSLY DISCLAIM ANY WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. McGraw-Hill Education and its licensors do not warrant or guarantee that the functions contained in the work will meet your requirements or that its operation will be uninterrupted or error free. Neither McGraw-Hill Education nor its licensors shall be liable to you or anyone else for any inaccuracy, error or omission, regardless of cause, in the work or for any damages resulting therefrom. McGraw-Hill Education has no responsibility for the content of any information accessed through the work. Under no circumstances shall McGraw-Hill Education and/or its licensors be liable for any indirect, incidental, special, punitive, consequential or similar damages that result from the use of or inability to use the work, even if any of them has been advised of the possibility of such damages. This limitation of liability shall apply to any claim or cause whatsoever whether such claim or cause arises in contract, tort or otherwise.

To Abby Ruben, Sanja deGarmo, and Mitch Blatt three dear friends through thick and thin

Contents

Preface

I

1   Definite articles · Family

2   Indefinite articles · Around the house

3   Yo tengo and yo quiero · Animals

4   The use of hay · The classroom

5   Subject pronouns · Common -ar verbs · Regular -ar verbs · Days of the week

CUMULATIVO 1   Lecciones 1–5

II

6   Clothing · -Ar verb endings

7   Regular -er verbs · Food and drink

8   -Er verb endings · Common -er verbs

9   Forms of adjectives · Colors · Expressing I like

10   Descriptive adjectives · Expressing more than

CUMULATIVO 2   Lecciones 6–10

III

11   Regular -ir verbs · Common -ir verbs

12   Asking questions · Interrogatives

13   Ser · Professions

14   Possessive adjectives · Using ser

15   Tener · Things in the house

CUMULATIVO 3   Lecciones 11–15

IV

16   Estar · Locations

17   Moods · Expressing emotions

18   Using estar · Physical condition

19   Querer · More clothing

20   Numbers · Expressing age · Idioms with tener · Using tener que

CUMULATIVO 4   Lecciones 16–20

V

21   Hacer · Weather

22   Telling time

23   Jugar · Sports and games

24   Ir · Contractions · Transportation

25   Five sensing verbs · Things to read

CUMULATIVO 5   Lecciones 21–25

VI

26   Poder · Adverbs

27   Two-verb constructions · Adverbs of time

28   Two-verb questions · More food

29   Comparative adjectives · Comparisons

30   Preposition + verb · Things in the house

CUMULATIVO 6   Lecciones 26–30

VII

31   Demonstrative adjectives · Common stem-changing -ar verbs

32   -Ar verbs with o > ue stem change · Unwritten it

33   -Er and -ir verbs with o > ue stem change

34   Verbs with e > ie stem change · Miscellaneous words

35   Double negatives

CUMULATIVO 7   Lecciones 31–35

VIII

36   Direct object pronouns · More professions

37   Saber

38   Conocer · Personal a · Schools of thought

39   Saber and conocer

40   Possession with de

CUMULATIVO 8   Lecciones 36–40

IX

41   Reflexive pronouns · Reflexive verbs

42   Reflexive -ar verbs · Articles in the bathroom

43   E > i stem-changing verbs · Measurements

44   Irregular yo forms · Ponerse and quitarse · More clothing

45   Indirect object pronouns · Dar

CUMULATIVO 9   Lecciones 41–45

X

46   Para · Pronouns after prepositions

47   Por

48   Para and por · Emotions · Idioms with por

49   Gustar · Verbs like gustar · Parts of the body

50   Ir + a + infinitive · Expressions of future time

CUMULATIVO 10   Lecciones 46–50

Cumulative paragraphs

Answer key

English-Spanish glossary

Index

Preface

Practice Makes Perfect: Basic Spanish is an effective companion text to whatever book(s) you may be using in your first- or second-year Spanish class. This highly useful workbook is well suited for middle school and high school students, as well as adults.

This book is not meant to introduce concepts or to be the primary teaching tool. Rather, its purpose is to reinforce what has been presented already, whether by a teacher’s instruction or in a formal textbook. Very basic grammar is presented, typically in charts, as preparation for the material covered in the exercises. Exercises use the present tense exclusively. This choice of present tense is contextually appropriate, even when historical figures are mentioned.

The easiest way to know what to expect from Practice Makes Perfect: Basic Spanish is to scan the Contents. There you will find the grammatical concepts and vocabulary topics covered.

Grammatical concepts are emphasized more than vocabulary, as every student needs to master these one at a time and to relative completion. Vocabulary, on the other hand, is an ongoing process, frequently dictated by the student’s particular interests and needs.

Also presented, in the early chapters, is crucial everyday vocabulary that helps the beginning student express himself or herself more clearly and authentically, even early in the process of learning to speak, write, and read Spanish.

Below is a quick list of what this book provides:

   Reinforcement for concepts already presented in another format or setting

   An emphasis on broad, basic concepts—not grammatical minutiae

   An emphasis on the informal you (tú and vosotros)—in exercises, you is assumed to be the singular familiar form tú and you all is assumed to be the plural familiar form vosotros

   Useful vocabulary lists for a variety of topics

   More than 300 entertaining exercises dealing with the basic structure of the Spanish language

   A broad range of fun exercises (true/false, fill in the blank, translations, Who am I?, etc.)

   Exercise content infused with famous and popular people and characters, both current and historical

   Ten sets of exercises—called Cumulativos—each of which tests the information gleaned from the previous five lessons in a comprehensive way

   A final set of translation exercises that tests the cumulative knowledge acquired through each of the ten parts of this book

   Answers to all exercises

   A glossary that draws together vocabulary from throughout the book

The third edition of this book is supported by a free app (see www.mhlanguagelab.com for details) that contains

   flashcard sets of the vocabulario panels throughout the book

   a Spanish-English/English-Spanish digital glossary

   audio recordings by native Spanish speakers of most of the Answer key, with a record yourself option if your device has this function.

Spanish is a beautiful language that you can appreciate and enjoy more fully by mastering the fundamentals of its structure. This workbook will help you achieve your goals in a user-friendly, student-driven fashion.

¡Buena suerte!

Acknowledgments

It is always an honor when a book goes into a subsequent edition, as it means that the previous text was helpful to many students. Therefore, my first expression of gratitude goes to all the students who used and learned from the first and second editions and who provided valuable feedback.

While the pedagogy and basics of presenting the Spanish language and grammar evolve at a slow pace, the world around us and its cultural references change constantly and quickly. Two years ago I took a one-year teaching post at North High School in Minneapolis and entered a world unfamiliar to me. The year was fascinating and life changing. McGraw-Hill generously donated books (Basic Spanish, 2nd edition) for all my students, and as we worked through it I realized I needed to broaden my scope of knowledge and references if I wanted to be an active participant in this world. And I do. Thank you to my students at North High for all they taught and gave to me. Go, Polars!

My daughters, Daisy and Lily, are and always will be the center of my universe, and I thank them for being who they are.

I was fortunate to work once again with Christopher Brown, Language Publisher at McGraw-Hill, who oversaw the process of the publication of this third edition. Christopher is and always has been a joy with whom to work, and I respect him enormously.

I am delighted that these people are in my life, and I thank each of them as well as my friends and extended family members who add much to this world.

LECCIÓN 1   Definite articles · Family

LECCIÓN 2   Indefinite articles · Around the house

LECCIÓN 3   Yo tengo and yo quiero · Animals

LECCIÓN 4   The use of hay · The classroom

LECCIÓN 5   Subject pronouns · Common -ar verbs · Regular -ar verbs · Days of the week

CUMULATIVO 1   Lecciones 1–5

Grammar

Definite articles

Indefinite articles

Yo tengo, yo quiero

Hay

Subject pronouns

Conjugation of regular -ar verbs

Vocabulary

Family members

Around the house

Animals

The classroom

Common -ar verbs

Days of the week

Fun facts

Celebrities

The White House

Winnie the Pooh

Mr. Rogers

Television

Fast food

Characters from Arthur

Definite articles Family

Definite articles

NOTA BUENA The definite article is used much more frequently in Spanish than in English, for example, Jorge lava los platos George washes dishes.

Los miembros de la familia (Members of the family)

Traducción simple (Simple translation)

La familia (The family) Match the famous persons named on the left with the correct family relationship on the right. Some of those named are actual persons; others are fictional characters.

Everyday words

Traducción (Translation)

1.   My uncle is the brother of my mother. ______________________________________

2.   Your mother is my cousin. ______________________________________

3.   My grandfather is your uncle. ______________________________________

4.   Your grandmother is from China. ______________________________________

5.   My family is from Boston. ______________________________________

6.   Your sister is my aunt. ______________________________________

7.   My father is the cousin of your uncle. ______________________________________

8.   Your mom is the aunt of my daughter. ______________________________________

Hechos divertidos (Fun facts)

Las celebridades (Celebrities)

   La actriz Julia Roberts es la tía de la actriz Emma Roberts y la hermana del actor Eric Roberts.

   Angelina Jolie es la ex-esposa del actor Brad Pitt, y la madre de seis hijos.

   La actriz y cómica Melissa McCarthy es la esposa del director Ben Falcone y la prima de la actriz Jenny McCarthy.

   El actor Liam Hemsworth es el hermano del actor Luke Hemsworth.

   Liam Hemsworth es el ex-esposo de la cantante y actriz Miley Cyrus.

   El actor Warren Beatty es el hermano de la actriz Shirley MacClaine.

   El escritor Ronan Farrow es el hijo de la actriz Mia Farrow y el actor y director Woody Allen.

   El actor George Wendt (Cheers) es el tío del actor y cómico Jason Sudeikis.

   El actor Alfie Allen es el hermano de la cantante Lily Allen.

   El actor Martin Sheen es el padre de los actores Charlie Sheen y Emilio Esteves.

   La actriz Dakota Johnson es la hija de la actriz Melanie Griffith.

Indefinite articles Around the house

Indefinite articles

Por la casa (Around the house)

Traducción simple (Simple translation)

La casa (The house) Match each room named on the left with the item you would likely find in it. Figure out what each item is by its similarity to its English counterpart.

Everyday words

Traducción (Translation)

1.   My kitchen has two windows. _______________________________

2.   Your bedroom doesn’t have a closet. _______________________________

3.   My house has four bedrooms. _______________________________

4.   Your living room has some windows. _______________________________

5.   My bathroom has a door. _______________________________

6.   Your house doesn’t have a door. _______________________________

7.   My basement has five rooms. _______________________________

8.   Some doors are from France (Francia). _______________________________

9.   Angelina Jolie has three sons and three daughters. _______________________________

______________________________________________

10.   Lois has five sons. _______________________________

NOTA BUENA To negate a sentence, simply place no before the verb.

Hechos divertidos (Fun facts)

La Casa Blanca (The White House)

La Casa Blanca en Washington, D.C. (la casa oficial del Presidente de los Estados Unidos) tiene 16 dormitorios, 31 baños, cinco cocinas, cuatro comedores, 412 puertas, 147 ventanas, tres elevadores, 28 chimeneas, muchas salas y despachos—en total: ¡132 cuartos!

Yo tengo and yo quiero Animals

Yo tengo, yo quiero

Los animales (Animals)

Traducción (Translation)

1.   I have a bear. _______________________________

2.   I don’t have an elephant. _______________________________

3.   I have two ducks. _______________________________

4.   I don’t have three cats. _______________________________

5.   I want a dog. _______________________________

6.   I don’t want a mouse. _______________________________

7.   I want some cats. _______________________________

8.   I don’t want a rat. _______________________________

9.   I have some monkeys. _______________________________

10.   I want some turkeys. _______________________________

11.   I have the lamb. _______________________________

12.   I don’t have the lion. _______________________________

13.   I want the tiger. _______________________________

14.   I don’t want the pig. _______________________________

15.   I want a rabbit. _______________________________

¿Dónde está el animal? (Where is the animal?) Place an X in the column that indicates where you would most likely find each of the animals listed below: en la casa (in the house), en la granja (on the farm), or en el zoológico (in the zoo).

Everyday words

Traducción (Translation)

1.   I don’t want a bull in my kitchen. _______________________________

2.   I have two ducks in my living room. _______________________________

3.   I don’t have a car in my garage. _______________________________

4.   I have a monkey for George. _______________________________

5.   I don’t want a bird from China. _______________________________

6.   Hermione has a cat at Hogwarts. _______________________________

7.   My cousin doesn’t have a tiger in the car. _______________________________

8.   I want some rats for my mouse. _______________________________

9.   Scooby-Doo is a dog and Velma is a girl. _______________________________

10.   Shrek has a donkey. _______________________________

Hechos divertidos (Fun facts)

Winnie the Pooh

   A.A. Milne, el padre de Christopher Robin, es el autor de Winnie the Pooh, un libro muy popular con los chicos y las chicas.

   Pooh es un oso.

   Eeyore es un burro.

   Rabbit es un conejo.

   Roo es un canguro (su madre es Kanga).

   Tigger es un tigre.

   Piglet es un cerdo.

   Heffalump es un elefante.

The use of hay The classroom

Hay

NOTA BUENA Hay is pronounced eye.

La sala de clase (The classroom)

Traducción compleja (Complex translation)

1.   There is a book on the desk. _______________________________

2.   There are two rulers in my desk. _______________________________

3.   There is a map on the wall. _______________________________

4.   There is a teacher in the classroom. _______________________________

5.   There isn’t a pen on my desk. _______________________________

6.   There isn’t a notebook for the teacher. _______________________________

7.   There aren’t lights in the classroom. _______________________________

8.   Is there chalk for the chalkboard? _______________________________

9.   Is there a clock for the wall? _______________________________

10.   Is there an assignment for the students? _______________________________

11.   There are three maps for the teachers. _______________________________

12.   There is a backpack on the desk. _______________________________

¿En la pared o en el escritorio? (On the wall or on the desk?) Are the following items hanging on the wall (en la pared) or sitting on (or in) the desk (en el escritorio)? Place an X in the appropriate column. If neither is true, place an X in the no column.

Everyday words

Traducción (Translation)

1.   My classroom has a clock on each wall.

______________________________________________

2.   I have six pens and seven rulers in my backpack.

______________________________________________

3.   I want eight notebooks for my desk.

______________________________________________

4.   I don’t have the ruler for my assignment.

______________________________________________

5.   My teacher has paper and a pen for every student. _______________________________

6.   I want chalk and an eraser for every chalkboard.

______________________________________________

7.   There is a duck on each desk. _________________________________________

8.   Is there a fish in the