Social Engagement & the Steps to Being Social: A Practical Guide for Teaching Social Skills to Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder
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About this ebook
Social Engagement & the Steps to Being Social is a unique, visual and easy to use model that was developed to guide assessment and intervention across severity levels and age groups for individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). This user friendly book defines social engagement in observable language and breaks down social skills into a series of clearly defined steps. Each step is further broken down into pivotal skills that can be taught directly, and matched with evidence based practices to support teaching and learning. Case studies help illuminate concepts discussed at each step and sample activities are provided to support immediate real-world application. Readers will have access to a practical model that supports the teaching of social skills, including:
• A structured framework for social development that shows how one skill builds on another
• Sub-skills to provide specific direction for skills to teach
• An assessment to determine where treatment should begin and for monitoring progress
• Links to specific evidence based practices connected to the skill sets of the model
• A Social Plan that can be used as a tool for bridging assessment to specific treatment goals
• Case studies of individuals of varying ages and abilities
• Sample activities for promoting social development
Co-authors Kathleen “Mo” Taylor and Marci Laurel have been working and teaching together for the past 25 years. Together they have developed this model based on their work with individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder and their families who have guided the process every step of the way. Mo and Marci have had the opportunity to present Social Engagement & the Steps to Being Social in New Mexico, nationally and internationally and have been excited and humbled by the many family members and professionals who have found the work of use in home, school, university and clinical settings.
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Social Engagement & the Steps to Being Social - Kathleen Taylor, ORL/L
What does it mean to be engaged
with another person? No matter what age or level of social development, certain key components define the moments that we are actively involved in connection with someone else. Consider an infant who uses her limited motor skills to signal that she is ready to begin or end a face-to-face interaction. Or the toddler who throws food off the high chair tray with delight at watching an adult pick it up, only to begin the game again. These are the early moments of ENGAGEMENT that become the foundation of a lifetime of being social.
Current research is helping us understand that very young children who are later diagnosed with ASD show a marked lack of orientation to the faces of their important people, while at the same time a heightened orientation to objects. This difference creates a change in early relationships as caregivers find a little one who does not respond to them in the ways that they expect; in turn, this often results in fewer opportunities to engage in and practice social interaction (Rogers & Dawson, 2010; Fuhrmeister, Lozott, & Stapel-Wax, 2015; Klin, 2014).
Self-regulation and shared space, focus, and pleasure are defined as the components of ENGAGMENT. The interactions designed to support ENGAGEMENT are usually facilitated by a skilled partner, often a family member in collaboration with a teacher or therapist. Similar-age peers can also be highly motivating and provide models for targeted behavior at this stage of learning. We will see that peers can be taught to directly teach targeted skills. For us, development of the FOUNDATION, born of a desire to understand the essence of what it means to be engaged
with another person, has been one of the most enlightening aspects of this