Security Threats to IoT Devices

Anything that has a connection to the Internet is prone to threats. As per the saying, "There are two types of parties, one that has been hacked and another that doesn't know it has been hacked." This statement throws light on the fact that we are always prone to vulnerabilities. It depends on who is least vulnerable. Unless we don't identify these threats on the internet, then won't be able to take steps to protect our computer system against these threats. Any threat to IoT is backed by a purpose. The purpose may differ depending on the intruder's target:

• Since IoT enabled devices are used and operated by humans, an intruder may try to gain unauthorized access to the device.
• By gaining access to wireless IoT devices, the intruder may get hold of confidential information.
• IoT devices require low power and less computational capability. Due to this, they cannot afford to have complex protocols. Therefore it becomes an easy target for intruders.

Vulnerability of IoT Devices

The easiest way to pick a threat to an IoT device is its vulnerability. Companies that provide IoT-based solutions begin by addressing this issue first before focusing on the underlying software. There are two types of vulnerability: hardware and software. A hardware vulnerability is difficult to detect. However, it is more difficult to repair the damage. Software vulnerability points towards a poorly written algorithm with a back door. Thus providing access to intruders for spying at such moments.

Easy Exposure of IoT Devices

This is one of the most essential issues faced by the IoT industry. Any device that is not attended to or exposed to troublemakers is an open invitation for threats. In the majority of cases, IoT devices are not prone to third-party exposure - they are either open or accessible to anyone. Which means that an intruder can easily steal the device and connect it to another device containing harmful data. Thus, extracting cryptographic secrets, modifying programming, and replacing devices with a malicious one.

Threats to IoT

There are two types of threat to IoT human threat and a natural threat. Any threat that occurs due to natural calamities like earthquakes, hurricanes, the flood can cause severe damage to IoT devices. In such cases, a back is created to safeguard data. But any damage to these devices cannot be repaired. On the other hand, we do everything to curb human threats to IoT devices. These threats are malicious attacks.

Human Attacks on IoT Devices

• Cyber Reconnaissance: Here intruder uses cracking techniques and malicious software to conduct espionage on the targeted user to gain access to secret information on the existing systems.
• Brute Force Attack: Here the intruders make an attempt to guess user's password with help of automated software, which makes several attempts unless it gets the right password to grant access.
• Tracking: User's each move is captured using UID of IoT device. Tracking a user gives away precise location in time where they wish to live.

Real-World Examples of IoT Attacks

Even the most common smart devices can be exploited if not properly secured. Here are a few real-life incidents that show how dangerous IoT attacks can be:

• Mirai Botnet Attack (2016): The Mirai attack became one of the most well-known examples of IoT security breaches when it infected numerous unprotected smart devices to form a massive botnet. The attack used the botnet to execute an enormous DDoS (Distributed Denial-of-Service) operation that overwhelmed major websites including Twitter, Netflix, and Reddit with fake traffic.

• Target Data Breach (2013): Hackers gained access to Target’s payment system through a third-party HVAC (heating and cooling) system that was connected to the network. Though not a traditional IoT device, this incident highlighted how connected devices can become entry points for larger attacks.

• Jeep Cherokee Hack (2015): Security researchers remotely took control of a Jeep SUV through its internet-connected entertainment system. They were able to control the brakes, engine, and steering—proving how connected vehicles could pose life-threatening risks if not secured.

• Hackable Baby Monitors: Reports have emerged indicating that hackers compromise baby monitors through the unauthorized access of their accounts to monitor families in their homes. Such security breaches occur mainly because of poor password strength combined with software that has not been updated.

Best Practices for Securing IoT Devices

To keep your smart devices safe from hackers, here are some easy and effective tips:

• Update Firmware Regularly: Always install updates when available. Manufacturers release updates to fix bugs and patch security holes.
• Use Strong, Unique Passwords: Avoid default or weak passwords. Use a mix of letters, numbers, and symbols, and never reuse the same password for multiple devices.
• Enable Two-Factor Authentication (2FA): If available, turn on 2FA. This adds an extra layer of protection beyond just a password.
• Segment Your Network: Keep your smart devices on a separate Wi-Fi network from your personal computers or phones. This limits access if a device is hacked.
• Turn Off Features You Don’t Use: Disable cameras, microphones, or remote access if you don’t need them. Fewer features mean fewer ways for hackers to get in.
• Monitor Device Activity: Use apps or network tools to track unusual behavior or unknown connections to your devices.
• Buy From Trusted Brands: Stick to well-known companies that regularly update their products and offer good customer support.

Must Read

• 5 Layer Architecture of Internet of Things
• Top 10 IoT Project Ideas for Beginners
• Top 10 Internet of Things (IoT) Security Best Practices

Conclusion

The advancement of technology brings forth a higher level of security risks into IoT environments. All devices that connect to the internet present openings that hackers can exploit because no system provides complete protection. The Internet of Things provides valuable benefits yet requires dedicated efforts for maintaining security. The combination of understanding system weaknesses and studying previous attacks alongside using fundamental protection methods allows us to minimize dangers while maximizing IoT potential.