CBSE Class 8 Syllabus 2024-25 (Subject-wise PDF)

Chapter 1: Crop Production and Management

• Agricultural Practices
• Basic Practice of Crop Production
• Preparation of Soil
• Agricultural Implements
• Sowing
• Adding Manure and Fertilizers
• Irrigation
• Protection from Weeds
• Harvesting 
• Storage
• Food from Animals
• Animal Husbandry

Chapter 2: Microorganisms: Friend and Foe

• Where do Microorganisms Live? 
• Microorganisms and Us
• Medicinal Use of Microorganisms
• Vaccine
• Increasing Soil Fertility and Cleaning the Environment
• Disease-causing Microorganisms in Humans
• Disease-causing Microorganisms in Animals and  in plants
• Food Preservation
• Nitrogen Fixation
• Nitrogen cycle

Chapter 3: Synthetic Fibers and Plastics

• What are Synthetic Fibers?
• Types of Synthetic Fibers
• Characteristics of Synthetic Fibers
• Biodegradable and Non-biodegradable Materials
• Plastics
• Plastics as Materials of Choice
• Plastics and the Environment

Chapter 4: Materials: Metals and Non-Metals

• Physical Properties of Metals and Non-metals
• Chemical Properties of Metals and Non-metals
• Uses of Metals and Non-metals

Chapter 5: Coal and Petroleum

• Coal
• Petroleum
• Natural Gas
• Some Natural Resources are Limited

Chapter 6: Combustion and Flame

• What is Combustion?
• How Do We Control Fire?
• Types of Combustion
• Combustible and Non-combustible Substances
• Flame
• Structure of a Flame
• What is a Fuel?
• Fuel Efficiency

Chapter 7: Conservation of Plants and Animals

• Deforestation and Its Causes
• Consequences of Deforestation
• Conservation of Forest and Wildlife
• Biosphere Reserve
• Flora and Fauna
• Endemic Species
• Wildlife Sanctuary
• National Park
• Migration
• Recycling of Paper
• Reforestation
• Red Data Book 

Chapter 8: Cell – Structure and Functions

• Organisms show Variety in Cell Number, Shape, and Size
• Cell Structure and Function
• Organelles of the Cell
• Cell Membrane
• Cytoplasm and Nucleus
• Comparison of Plant and Animal Cells

Chapter 9: Reproduction in Animals

• Introduction of Reproduction
• Male Reproductive Organs
• Female Reproductive Organs
• Fertilization
• Development of Embryo
• Viviparous and Oviparous Animals
• Young Ones to Adults
• Asexual Reproduction
• Types of Asexual Reproduction

Chapter 10: Reaching The Age of Adolescence

• Adolescence and Puberty
• Changes at Puberty
• Secondary Sexual Characters
• Role of Hormones in Initiating Reproductive Function
• Reproductive Phase of Life in Humans
• How is the Sex of the Baby Determined?
• Hormones other than Sex Hormones
• Role of Hormones in Completing the Life History of Insects and Frogs
• Reproductive Health

Chapter 11: Force And Pressure

• Force: A push or a Pull
• Forces are due to an Interaction
• Exploring Forces
• A Force can Change the State of Motion
• Force can Change the Shape of an object
• Contact Forces
• Non-contact Forces
• Pressure
• Pressure Exerted by Liquids and Gases
• Atmospheric Pressure

Chapter 12: Friction

• Force of Friction
• Factors affecting Friction
• Friction: A Necessary Evil
• Increasing and Reducing Friction
• Wheels Reduce Friction
• Fluid Friction

Chapter 13: Sound

• Sound is Produced by Vibrating Bodies
• Sound Produced by Humans
• Sounds Need a Medium for Propagation
• We Hear Sound through Our Ears
• Amplitude, Time Period and Frequency of a vibration
• Audible and Inaudible Sounds
• Noise and Music
• Noise Pollution

Chapter 14: Chemical Effects Of Electric Current

• Do Liquids Conduct Electricity?
• Chemical Effects Of Electric Current
• Electroplating

Chapter 15: Some Natural Phenomena

• Lightning
• Charging by Rubbing
• Electric Charge
• Types of Charges and Their Interaction
• Transfer of Charge
• What is Lightning?
• The Story of Lightning
• Lightning Safety
• Earthquakes

Chapter 16: Light

• What makes Things Visible
• Laws of Reflection
• Regular and Diffused Reflection
• Dispersion of Light
• Reflected Light Can be Reflected Again
• Multiple Images
• Sunlight – White or Coloured
• What is inside Our Eyes?
• Care of the Eyes
• Visually Impaired Persons Can Read and Write - What is Braille System?

Chapter 17: Stars And The Solar System

• The Moon
• The Stars
• Constellations
• The Solar System
• Some Other Members of the Solar System

Chapter 18: Pollution of Air and Water

• Air Pollution
• How does Air Get Polluted?
• Case Study- The Taj Mahal
• Greenhouse Effect - What can be done?
• Water Pollution - How does Water Get Polluted?
• What is Potable Water and How is Water Purified? What Can be Done?

Chapter 1: Where, When, How

• How Important Are Dates?                                             
• Periodization of dates
• Sources Of History

Chapter 2: From Trade To Territory: The Company Establishes Power

• East India Company
• Trade-In Bengal
• Trade Let To Battle and Battle of Plassey
• Company Rule Expand
• Tipu Sultan
• War With Marathas
• Doctrine Of Lapse
• Setting Up New Administration

Chapter 3: Ruling The Countryside

• Company Becomes Diwan
• Different Land Settlements
• Crops For Europe
• Indigo Cultivation And Ryotes
• The Blue Rebellion And After

Chapter 4: Tribal, Dikus, and Vision of the Golden Age

• Tribal Groups Habitation
• Colonial Rule Affects Tribal Life
• Birsa Munda-Case study

Chapter 5: When People Rebel 1857 And After

• Policies And The People
• Encounters by people
• Mutiny And Popular Rebellion
• The Company Fights Back and Aftermath

Chapter 6: Weavers, Iron Smelters, and Factory Owners

• Indian Textiles And World Market
• The Decline Of Indian Textiles
• Cotton Mills Comes Up
• Tipu Sultan sword And Wootz Steel
• Iron And Steel Factory in India

Chapter 7: Civilizing The "native" and Educating The Nation

• How the British Saw Education
• Tradition Of Orientalism
• Education For Commerce
• What Happened To Local Schools
• Agenda For National Education
• Tagore's "adobe Of Peace"

Chapter 8: Women, Caste, and Reform

• Working Towards Change
• Changing Live Of Widows
• Girls Begin going to school 
• Caste And Social Reform
• Non-brahman Movement
• Reformers In India

Chapter 9: The Making Of the National Movement 1870-1957

• The Emergence Of Nationalism
• The Growth Of Mass Nationalism
• The Advent Of Mahatma Gandhi
• Rowlatt Satyagraha
• Khilafat And Non-Cooperation Movement
• The March To Dandi
• Quit India Movement

Chapter 10: India After Independence

• A New And Divided Nation
• A Constitution Is Written                                                                       
• How Were States Formed
• Planning For Development
• The Nation Sixty Years On  

Chapter 1: The Indian Constitution                   

• Definition and need for a constitution 
• The Indian Constitution and Its Key Features

Chapter 2: Understanding Secularism                              

• What Is Secularism?
• Why It Is Important to Separate Religion From the State?
• What Is Indian Secularism?

Chapter 3: Why Do We Need A Parliament?

• Why should people decide?
• People and their representatives
• The Role Of The Parliament
• Who Are The People In Parliament

Chapter 4: Understanding Laws

• Do Laws Apply to all?
• How Do New Laws Come About?
• Unpopular And Controversial Laws

Chapter 5: Judiciary

• Role Of Judiciary
• Independent Judiciary
• Structure Of Courts In India
• Different Branches Of Legal System
• Access To Courts

Chapter 6: Understanding Our Criminal Justice System

• Role of Police in the Investigation of a Crime
• Role of the public prosecutor and judge in the criminal justice system
• Fair Trial

Chapter 7: Understanding Marginalization

• Social Marginalization
• Adivasis and Stereotyping
• Adivasis and Development
• Minorities And Marginalization: Muslim Marginalization

Chapter 8: Confronting Marginalization

• Invoking Fundamental Rights
• Laws for Marginalized
• Protecting The Rights of Dalits and Adivasis
• Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes Act, 1989
• Adivasis Demand And 1989 Act

Chapter 9: Public Facilities

• Water as a Fundamental Right Of Life
• Public facilities and government role
• Water Supply to Chennai- Is it Available to All?
• In Search of Alternatives

Chapter 10: Law and Social Justice

• What is a Worker's Worth?
• Enforcement Of Safety Laws
• New Laws to Protect the Environment
• Bhopal Gas Tragedy- Case study

Chapter 1: Resources

• What are Resources?
• Utility and Value
• Types Of Resources
• Natural Resources
• Human-Made Resources
• Conservation Of Resources
• Some Principles Of Sustainable Development

Chapter 2: Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation, and Wildlife Resources

• Land And It's Uses 
• Conservation Of Land Resources
• Soil
• Factors Of Soil Formation
• Degradation Of Soil And Soil Conservation Measures                          
• Water and Problems of Water Availability
• Conservation Of Water Resources
• Natural Vegetation And Wildlife
• Distribution Of Natural Vegetation
• Conservation Of Natural Vegetation And Wildlife

Chapter 3: Mineral and Power Resources

• Types Of Mineral
• Distribution Of Minerals
• Uses Of Minerals
• Conservation Of Minerals
• Power resources and types
• Non-conventional Sources Of Energy
• Tidal Energy And Biogas

Chapter 4: Agriculture

• Agriculture and its types
• Farm systems and types of farming
• Major Crops
• Agricultural Development in India And USA

Chapter 5: Industries

• Definition and Classification of Industries
• Factors Affecting the Location Of Industries
• Industrial System and Regions
• Distribution Of Major Industries
• Iron and Steel Industry of Jamshedpur 
• Cotton Textile Industry

Chapter 6: Human Resources

• Human Resources and density of population
• Factors Affecting the Distribution Of Population
• Population Change and patterns
• Population Composition

Essay Writing  

Story Writing

Notice Writing

Diary Entry

Formal and Informal Letter Writing

Direct and Indirect Speech

Order of Words and Clauses

Noun

Pronoun

Verb

Adverb

Active and Passive Voice

Vocabulary

Tenses

Prepositions

Conjunction

Phrases and Idioms

Comprehension Reading

English Literature 1: From Honeydew Book

The Best Christmas Present in the World

The Ant and the Cricket

The Tsunami

Geography Lesson

Glimpses of the Past

Macavity: The Mystery Cat

Bepin Choudhury’s Lapse of Memory

The Last Bargain

The Summit Within

The SchoolBoy

This is Jody’s Fawn

The Duck and the Kangaroo

A Visit to Cambridge

When I set out for Lyonnesse

A Short Monsoon Diary

On the Grasshopper and Cricket

The Great Stone Face- I

The Great Stone Face- II

English Literature 2: From It So Happened Book

Excite

• Session: Introduction to AI and setting up the context of the curriculum
• Ice Breaker Activity: Dream Smart Home idea
  • Learners to design a rough layout of the floor plan of their dream smart home
• Recommended Activity: The AI Game
• Learners are to participate in three games based on different AI domains.
  1. Game 1: Rock, Paper, and Scissors (based on data)
  2. Game 2: Mystery Animal (based on Natural Language Processing – NLP)
  3. Game 3: Emoji Scavenger Hunt (based on Computer Vision – CV)
• Recommended Activity: AI Quiz (Paper Pen/Online Quiz)
• Recommended Activity: To write a letter Writing Letter to one’s future self.

Relate

• Video Session: To watch a video
  • Introducing the concept of Smart Cities, Smart Schools, and Smart Homes
• Recommended Activity: To write an Interactive Story
  • Learners are to draw a floor plan of a Home/School/City and write an interactive story around it using the Story Speaker extension in Google docs.
    • Purpose
      • Session: Introduction to sustainable development goals
      • Recommended Activity: Go Goals Board Game
        • Learners to answer questions on Sustainable Development Goals.

Purpose

• Session: Introduction to sustainable development goals
• Recommended Activity: Go Goals Board Game
  • Learners to answer questions on Sustainable Development Goals.

Possibilities                                                                    

• Session: Theme-based research and Case Studies
  • Learners will listen to various case studies of inspiring start-ups, companies, or communities where AI has been involved in real-life.
  • Learners will be allotted a theme around which they need to search for present Artificial Intelligence trends and have to visualize the future of AI in and around their respective theme.
• Recommended Activity: Job Ad Creating activity
  • Learners to create a job advertisement for a firm describing the nature of the job available and the skill-set required for it 10 years down the line. They need to figure out how AI is going to transform the nature of jobs and create the Ad accordingly.

Artificial Intelligence

• Video Session: Discussing AI Ethics
• Recommended Activity: Ethics Awareness
  • Students play the role of major stakeholders and they have to decide what is ethical and what is not in a given scenario.
• Session: AI Bias and AI Access 
  • Discuss the possible bias in data collection.
  • Discussing the implications of AI technology.
• Recommended Activity: Balloon Debate
  • Students divide into teams of 3 and 2 teams are given the same theme. One team goes in affirmation of AI for their section while the other one goes against it. 
  • They have to come up with their points as to why AI is beneficial/ harmful for society.