C++ Char Data Types
A Char datatype is a datatype that is used to store a single character. It is always enclosed within a single quote (' ').
Syntax:
Char variable;
Example:
// C++ Program demonstrate
// Use of char
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
char c = 'g';
cout << c;
return 0;
}
// C++ Program demonstrate// Use of charusing namespace std;int main(){ char c = 'g'; cout << c; return 0;}Output
g
ASCII Value
ASCII Value stands for American Standard Code for Information Interchange. It is used to represent the numeric value of all the characters.
ASCII Range of 'a' to 'z' = 97-122
ASCII Range of 'A' to 'Z' = 65-90
ASCII Range of '0' to '9' = 48-57
To know more about it, refer to the article - ASCII table.
Convert Character Value to Corresponding ASCII Value
To convert a character to ASCII value we have to typecast it using int(character) to get the corresponding numeric value.
Example:
// C++ Program to convert
// Char to ASCII value
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
char c = 'g';
cout << "The Corresponding ASCII value of 'g' : ";
cout << int(c) << endl;
c = 'A';
cout << "The Corresponding ASCII value of 'A' : ";
cout << int(c) << endl;
return 0;
}
// C++ Program to convert// Char to ASCII valueusing namespace std;int main(){ char c = 'g'; cout << "The Corresponding ASCII value of 'g' : "; cout << int(c) << endl; c = 'A'; cout << "The Corresponding ASCII value of 'A' : "; cout << int(c) << endl; return 0;}Output
The Corresponding ASCII value of 'g' : 103 The Corresponding ASCII value of 'A' : 65
Convert ASCII Value to Corresponding Character Value
To convert an ASCII value to a corresponding Character value we have to typecast it using char(int) to get the corresponding character value.
Example:
// C++ Program to convert
// ASCII value to character
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int x = 53;
cout << "The Corresponding character value of x is : ";
cout << char(x) << endl;
x = 65;
cout << "The Corresponding character value of x is : ";
cout << char(x) << endl;
x = 97;
cout << "The Corresponding character value of x is : ";
cout << char(x) << endl;
return 0;
}
// C++ Program to convert// ASCII value to characterusing namespace std;int main(){ int x = 53; cout << "The Corresponding character value of x is : "; cout << char(x) << endl; x = 65; cout << "The Corresponding character value of x is : "; cout << char(x) << endl; x = 97; cout << "The Corresponding character value of x is : "; cout << char(x) << endl; return 0;}Output
The Corresponding character value of x is : 5 The Corresponding character value of x is : A The Corresponding character value of x is : a
Escape Sequence in C++
Escape sequences are characters that determine how the line should be printed on the output window. The escape sequence always begins with a backslash '\' (also known as an escape character). Some Examples of Escape Sequences are mentioned below:
| S. No. | Escape Sequences | Character |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | \n | Newline |
| 2. | \\ | Backslash |
| 3. | \t | Horizontal Tab |
| 4. | \v | Vertical Tab |
| 5. | \0 | Null Character |
Example:
// C++ Program to demonstrate
// Use of Escape Sequence
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
char a = 'G';
// horizontal tab
char b = '\t';
char c = 'F';
char d = '\t';
char e = 'G';
// new line
char f = '\n';
string s = "is the best";
cout << a << b << c << d << e << f << s;
return 0;
}
// C++ Program to demonstrate// Use of Escape Sequenceusing namespace std;int main(){ char a = 'G'; // horizontal tab char b = '\t'; char c = 'F'; char d = '\t'; char e = 'G'; // new line char f = '\n'; string s = "is the best"; cout << a << b << c << d << e << f << s; return 0;}Output
G F G is the best
