Create a binary tree from post order traversal and leaf node array

Last Updated : 26 Nov, 2021

Given 2 arrays, the first one containing postorder traversal sequence and the second one containing the information whether the corresponding node in the first array is a leaf node or a non-leaf node, create a binary tree and return its root and print it’s inorder traversal. (There can be more than one tree possible, but you have to form only one tree)
Examples:

Input: 
postorder = {40, 20, 50, 60, 30, 10} 
isLeaf = {true, false, true, true, false, false}
Output: 20 40 10 50 30 60
Explanation:
Generated Binary tree
        10
      /    \
    20      30
      \     /  \
      40   50  60

Input:
postorder = {20, 18, 25, 100, 81, 15, 7} 
isLeaf = {true, false, true, true, false, false, false}
Output: 7 18 20 15 25 81 100
Explanation:
Generated Binary tree
       7
        \
        15
      /   \
    18     81
      \    /  \
      20  25  100

Approach:
The idea is to first construct the root node of the binary tree using the last key in the post-order sequence. Then using the given boolean array, we find if the root node is an internal node or a leaf node. If the root node is an internal node, we recursively construct its right and left subtrees.
Below is the implementation of the above approach :

C++

// C++ implementation for
// the above approach
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
 
// struct to store 
// tree nodes
struct Tree {
    int val;
    Tree* leftchild;
    Tree* rightchild;
    Tree(int _val, Tree* _leftchild, Tree* _rightchild)
    {
        val = _val;
        leftchild = _leftchild;
        rightchild = _rightchild;
    }
};
 
 
// Function to generate binary tree 
// from given postorder traversal sequence
// and leaf or non-leaf node information.
struct Tree* createBinaryTree(int post[], bool isLeaf[], int& n)
{ 
  // Base condition
  if (n < 0){
    return NULL;
  }
  struct Tree* root = new Tree(post[n], NULL, NULL);
  bool isInternalNode = !isLeaf[n];
  n--;
  // If internal node 
  // creating left and 
  // right child
  if (isInternalNode) {
    root->rightchild = createBinaryTree(post, isLeaf, n);
    root->leftchild = createBinaryTree(post, isLeaf, n);
  }
  return root;
}
 
// Function to print 
// in-order traversal 
// of a binary tree.
void inorder(struct Tree* root)
{
  if (root == NULL){
    return;
  }
  inorder(root->leftchild);
  cout << root->val << " ";
  inorder(root->rightchild);
}
 
// Driver code
int main()
{
  int post[] = { 40, 20, 50, 60, 30, 10 };
  bool isLeaf[] = { true, false, true, true, false, false };
  int n = sizeof(post) / sizeof(post[0]) - 1;
 
  struct Tree* root = createBinaryTree(post, isLeaf, n);
  inorder(root);
 
  return 0;
}

Java

// Java implementation for
// the above approach
class GFG
{
 
static int n;
 
// to store tree nodes
static class Tree
{
    int val;
    Tree leftchild;
    Tree rightchild;
    Tree(int _val, Tree _leftchild, 
                   Tree _rightchild)
    {
        val = _val;
        leftchild = _leftchild;
        rightchild = _rightchild;
    }
};
 
// Function to generate binary tree 
// from given postorder traversal sequence
// and leaf or non-leaf node information.
static Tree createBinaryTree(int post[], 
                             boolean isLeaf[])
{ 
    // Base condition
    if (n < 0)
    {
        return null;
    }
    Tree root = new Tree(post[n], null, null);
    boolean isInternalNode = !isLeaf[n];
    n--;
     
    // If internal node creating left and 
    // right child
    if (isInternalNode) 
    {
        root.rightchild = createBinaryTree(post, isLeaf);
        root.leftchild = createBinaryTree(post, isLeaf);
    }
    return root;
}
 
// Function to print in-order traversal 
// of a binary tree.
static void inorder(Tree root)
{
    if (root == null)
    {
        return;
    }
    inorder(root.leftchild);
    System.out.print(root.val + " ");
    inorder(root.rightchild);
}
 
// Driver code
public static void main(String[] args) 
{
    int post[] = { 40, 20, 50, 60, 30, 10 };
    boolean isLeaf[] = { true, false, true, 
                         true, false, false };
    n = post.length - 1;
     
    Tree root = createBinaryTree(post, isLeaf);
    inorder(root);
}
}
 
// This code is contributed by Rajput-Ji

Python3

# Python implementation of above algorithm
 
# Utility class to create a node 
class Tree: 
    def __init__(self, key): 
        self.val = key 
        self.leftchild = self.rightchild = None
 
n = 0
 
# Function to generate binary tree 
# from given postorder traversal sequence
# and leaf or non-leaf node information.
def createBinaryTree( post, isLeaf):
    global n
 
    # Base condition
    if (n < 0):
        return None
 
    root = Tree(post[n])
    isInternalNode = not isLeaf[n]
    n = n - 1
 
    # If internal node 
    # creating left and 
    # right child
    if (isInternalNode): 
        root.rightchild = createBinaryTree(post, isLeaf)
        root.leftchild = createBinaryTree(post, isLeaf)
     
    return root
 
# Function to print 
# in-order traversal 
# of a binary tree.
def inorder( root):
 
    if (root == None):
        return
     
    inorder(root.leftchild)
    print( root.val ,end = " ")
    inorder(root.rightchild)
 
# Driver code
 
post = [40, 20, 50, 60, 30, 10] 
isLeaf = [True, False, True, True, False, False ]
n = len(post)-1
 
root = createBinaryTree(post, isLeaf)
inorder(root)
 
# This code is contributed by Arnab Kundu

C#

// C# implementation of the above approach 
using System;
     
class GFG
{
static int n;
 
// to store tree nodes
public class Tree
{
    public int val;
    public Tree leftchild;
    public Tree rightchild;
    public Tree(int _val, Tree _leftchild, 
                          Tree _rightchild)
    {
        val = _val;
        leftchild = _leftchild;
        rightchild = _rightchild;
    }
};
 
// Function to generate binary tree 
// from given postorder traversal sequence
// and leaf or non-leaf node information.
static Tree createBinaryTree(int []post, 
                         Boolean []isLeaf)
{ 
    // Base condition
    if (n < 0)
    {
        return null;
    }
    Tree root = new Tree(post[n], null, null);
    Boolean isInternalNode = !isLeaf[n];
    n--;
     
    // If internal node creating left and 
    // right child
    if (isInternalNode) 
    {
        root.rightchild = createBinaryTree(post, 
                                           isLeaf);
        root.leftchild = createBinaryTree(post, 
                                          isLeaf);
    }
    return root;
}
 
// Function to print in-order traversal 
// of a binary tree.
static void inorder(Tree root)
{
    if (root == null)
    {
        return;
    }
    inorder(root.leftchild);
    Console.Write(root.val + " ");
    inorder(root.rightchild);
}
 
// Driver code
public static void Main(String[] args) 
{
    int []post = { 40, 20, 50, 60, 30, 10 };
    Boolean []isLeaf = { true, false, true, 
                         true, false, false };
    n = post.Length - 1;
     
    Tree root = createBinaryTree(post, isLeaf);
    inorder(root);
}
}
 
// This code is contributed by PrinciRaj1992

Javascript

<script>
 
// JavaScript implementation of the above approach 
     
var n;
 
// to store tree nodes
class Tree
{
    constructor(_val, _leftchild, _rightchild)
    {
        this.val = _val;
        this.leftchild = _leftchild;
        this.rightchild = _rightchild;
    }
};
 
// Function to generate binary tree 
// from given postorder traversal sequence
// and leaf or non-leaf node information.
function createBinaryTree(post, isLeaf)
{ 
    // Base condition
    if (n < 0)
    {
        return null;
    }
    var root = new Tree(post[n], null, null);
    var isInternalNode = !isLeaf[n];
    n--;
     
    // If internal node creating left and 
    // right child
    if (isInternalNode) 
    {
        root.rightchild = createBinaryTree(post, 
                                           isLeaf);
        root.leftchild = createBinaryTree(post, 
                                          isLeaf);
    }
    return root;
}
 
// Function to print in-order traversal 
// of a binary tree.
function inorder(root)
{
    if (root == null)
    {
        return;
    }
    inorder(root.leftchild);
    document.write(root.val + " ");
    inorder(root.rightchild);
}
 
// Driver code
var post = [40, 20, 50, 60, 30, 10];
var isLeaf = [true, false, true, 
                     true, false, false ];
n = post.length - 1;
 
var root = createBinaryTree(post, isLeaf);
inorder(root);
 
 
</script>

Output:

20 40 10 50 30 60

Time Complexity: O(N).
Auxiliary Space: O(N).

Count set bits in the Kth number after segregating even and odd from N natural numbers

AvijitBorah1

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Practice Tags :

Create a binary tree from post order traversal and leaf node array

C++

Java

Python3

C#

Javascript

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