Difference Between DAS and SAN

In different IT environments to meet different storage needs, there are two distinct storage solutions namely Directly Attached Storage (DAS) and Storage Area Network (SAN). DAS is a storage device that is directly connected to one computer or server. For this reason, they are most appropriate for individual users or small to medium-sized enterprises with simple storage demands. On the other hand, SAN provides a scalable and high-performance storage solution operating over the network allowing several servers to have access to the shared storage arrays. Most often SANs find their use in large enterprise environments where high availability and performance matter greatly.

Directly Attached Storage (DAS)

The storage device is permanently attached to a desktop computer. DAS is for a single user (Hard drive attached to a computer). It is well suited for a small-to-medium-sized business where sufficient amounts of storage can be configured at a low startup cost. The DAS enclosure will be a separate adjacent cabinet that contains additional disk drives. Component of Directly Attached Storage (DAS) -

1. Storage devices
2. Cables
3. Disk Array
4. Protocol
5. Storage protocols: ATA, SCSI, SAS, SASA, FC 

Advantages

• Installation is Easy: DAS is relatively simple to install and configure thus a small setup is enough as compared to Network-Based Solutions.
• Lower Cost: This option is cost effective for smaller setups since it is generally cheaper than SAN options.
• Simplicity: The setup has few components making DAS simple and less complex.

Disadvantages

• Limited Scalability: Compared to SAN, DAS has a very low scalability potential hence physical upgrades to increase storage usually require extra hardware too.
• Single Point of Access: Normally, ADD has no other access means except one computer which limits access to its storage thereby leading to a situation where many users attempting to connect themselves have problems using the same connection while attempting at once together.
• Cannot Share Through Network: Different operating systems or servers cannot conduct normal file sharing without special configurations too.

Storage Area Network (SAN)

SAN acts on block level over network. Storage which can be accessed using ISCSI or FC. Suitable for business-critical applications and where high performance is required. The main benefit to a SAN-based storage solution is ability to share storage arrays to multiple servers. This allows you to configure storage capacity as needed, usually by a dedicated SAN administrator. Higher levels of performance throughput are typical in a SAN environment, and data is highly available through redundant disk controllers and drives. Components of Storage Area Network (SAN) -

1. Node ports
2. Cables
3. Interconnect device such as: Hubs, switches, directors
4. Storage arrays
5. SAN management Software 

Advantages

• Great Performance: It has higher level of performance and throughput because of block-level access and dedicated network connections.
• Flexibility: This provides an easy way to expand as well as scale the storage capacity so that it can meet the increasing business demands.
• Redundancy and High Availability: Due to their multiple components, San Storage Area Networks (SANs) are known for being highly available and reliable.

Disadvantages

• Complexity: Specialized knowledge is required for setting up SAN solutions, making them very complicated in terms of installation and management.
• Higher Cost: SAN systems are more expensive to implement and maintain compared to DAS.
• Network Dependence: SAN depends on network infrastructure, which presents potential points of failure or performance problems when there is no proper management of the network.

Difference Between DAS and SAN

Conclusion

It’s interesting that Directly Attached Storage (DAS) and Storage Area Network (SAN) serve different purposes based on the needs of any organization. Simple low-priced storage with easy configuration would be suitable for single users or small businesses i.e. DAS while it cannot scale up or allow sharing across the network; hence it is not very practical either. On the other hand, large enterprises are able to share their storage across multiple servers over high-speed connectivity through a robust high-performing system offered by SANs found only in major corporations needing them for their jobs such as Amazon Web Services among others.. In order to figure out whether to go with DAS or SAN one must consider factors such as their financial capabilities, performance level requirements and size of physical space required for storing these things.