Difference Between ES14 and TypeScript
Last Updated :
10 Jul, 2024
ES14, or ECMAScript 2014, brought new features to JavaScript, enhancing its capabilities. It standardized features like destructuring assignments and added support for generators and iterators. TypeScript, on the other hand, extends JavaScript by adding static typing, allowing developers to define types for variables, function parameters, and return values. This helps catch errors during development and improves code organization and scalability in complex projects.
These are the following topics that we are going to discuss:
ECMAScript 14 (ES14)
ECMAScript 2023, also known as ES14, is the latest edition of the ECMAScript standard, which forms the foundation of JavaScript. It introduces new features and improvements to the language, ensuring that JavaScript continues to evolve to meet the needs of modern web development. ES14 includes new syntax additions and built-in methods that simplify coding and enhance performance. It supports block-scoped variables with let and const, as well as function-scoped variables with var. JavaScript in ES14 remains dynamically typed, meaning variables can hold any type of data, and types are determined at runtime. The standard Date object is used for managing dates and times, and ES14 also supports ES modules with import and export syntax, allowing for modular code and better organization. Additionally, ES14 features improved error handling with new syntax and built-in methods.
TypeScript
TypeScript, developed by Microsoft, is a superset of JavaScript that enhances the language with static typing, interfaces, and other features aimed at improving the development process, particularly for larger and more complex projects. TypeScript allows developers to define variable types, function parameter types, and return types, with types being checked at compile time to catch errors before code execution. It also includes type inference, which automatically infers types even when they are not explicitly defined, providing type safety without excessive verbosity. TypeScript provides interfaces and enums to define custom types and improve code organization, similar to JavaScript, it supports block-scoped variables with "let" and "const", and function-scoped variables with "var". It uses the same "Date" object as JavaScript but adds type definitions for a better development experience. TypeScript supports ES modules with additional type checking for module imports and exports. Its enhanced tooling support offers features like IntelliSense, autocompletion, and refactoring tools in various IDEs, providing better code navigation, error detection, and code management for large-scale projects.
Difference Between ES6 and TypeScript
Features | ECMAScript 2023 (ES14) | TypeScript |
|---|
Introduced | It was introduced in 2023. | It was introduced in 2012. |
|---|
Purpose | Standardizes JavaScript features and syntax | Extends JavaScript with static typing and more |
|---|
Typing | Dynamic typing (types checked at runtime) | Static typing (types checked at compile time) |
|---|
Compilation | No compilation needed, directly interpreted | Needs to be compiled into JavaScript |
|---|
New Features | Adds new syntax and built-in methods | Supports all ECMAScript features plus more |
|---|
Tooling | Standard JavaScript development tools | Enhanced tools with autocompletion and refactoring |
|---|
Error Detection | Errors detected at runtime | Errors detected at compile time |
|---|
Interfaces and Enums | Not natively supported | Provides interfaces and enums |
|---|
Adoption | Universally adopted in all JavaScript engines | Widely adopted, especially in large projects |
|---|
Scopes | Block-scoped (let, const), function-scoped (var) | Block-scoped (let, const), function-scoped (var) |
|---|
Data Types | Dynamic types: string, number, boolean, object, symbol, bigint | Static types: string, number, boolean, object, symbol, bigint and custom types |
|---|
Date | Standard Date object for date and time | Standard Date object, with types for better date handling |
|---|
Modules | Supports ES modules (import/export) | Supports ES modules, with type checking for module imports |
|---|
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