SNMP Enumeration Last Updated : 28 Jul, 2025 Comments Improve Suggest changes Like Article Like Report Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is an application-layer protocol that operates over UDP to manage and monitor network devices, such as routers, hubs, and switches.SNMP is widely used across various operating systems such as Windows Server and Linux.It is also implemented on network devices like routers, switches, and hubs.SNMP agents are deployed on these devices to enable network management.It helps facilitate tasks such as monitoring performance, configuring settings, and troubleshooting issues in IP-based networks.On a target system, SNMP enumeration is used to list user accounts, passwords, groups, system names, and devices.Working of SNMP EnumerationThere are some steps that define the workflow of SNMP Enumeration.Step 1: The attacker or administrator identifies the IP address of a device that has an SNMP service running.Step 2: Discover the String Community.Step 3: Initiate SNMP Requests.Step 4: Extract OID Values.Step 5: Analyze and Document Findings.Tools Used in SNMPKali Linux includes several powerful SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) tools used for network enumeration, device information gathering, and vulnerability assessment.Here’s a list of essential SNMP tools in Kali Linux along with their use cases:1 . "snmpwalk"It is a command line utility used to recursively query SNMP enabled devices for a hierarchy of information, beginning from a specified OID (Object Identifier). It communicates using the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) to retrieve structured data such as system details, network interface statistics, running services, and other management information. This tool is especially useful for network enumeration, device monitoring, and auditing SNMP configurations.Syntax:snmpwalk -v [version]1 -c [community] [target IP] here, v- version (1.9,2.0,2.1) c- communtity ( public or private ) Some Common Options:Here are some common options in 'snmpwalk'OptionDescription-tTimeout (in seconds).-rNumber of retries.-OsDisplay only last symbolic name part (short output).-OnDisplay numeric OIDs (useful for scripting).-OePrint enums numerically.-OqQuick print (value only).-CcDo not check whether the returned OIDs are increasing (faster for some agents).-mMIB module to load. Use ALL to load all MIBs.-MPath to search for MIB files.Example:snmpwalk -v1.9 -public 192.168.2.4 Use Case:To find active network interfaces.Show the inventory SNMP enabled devices.It used to assist in vulnerability assessments.2. "snmpget"It is a command line utility to retrieve a specific SNMP object identifier (OID) from a target device, you can use the snmpget command. This command queries a specific OID and returns its value.Syntax:snmpget -v[version] -c[community] <target_ip> <OID> here, v- version (1.9,2.0,2.1) c- communtity ( public or private ) OID- Object IdentifierExample:snmpget -v1.9 -public 192.168.1.1 1.3.6.1.2.0.1.1.1.1 Use Case:Used to fetch a specific SNMP Object Identifier (OID) from a device without querying the entire SNMP tree.Ideal for environments where minimal network traffic is preferred, since it retrieves only one value per request.Helps network administrators verify the current state of specific components quickly.3. "snmpbulkwalk"snmpbulkwalk is similar to snmpwalk, but it is optimized for retrieving large sets of SNMP data by reducing the number of packets exchanged, making it ideal for traversing extensive SNMP trees using SNMPv2c or SNMPv3.Syntax:snmpwalk -v [version]1 -c [community] [target IP] here, v- version (1.9,2.0,2.1) c- communtity ( public or private ) Exmaple:snmpbulkwalk -1.9 -public 192.168.1.1 Use Case:Perfect for extracting complete branches like interface lists, routing tables, or system statistics.Fewer packets are sent between client and target device, making it faster and more efficient on congested networks.Commonly integrated into NMS (Network Management Systems) for regular polling of metrics.4. "nmap"Nmap includes NSE (Nmap Scripting Engine) scripts that facilitate SNMP enumeration. Nmap allowing users to collect detailed information from SNMP enabled devices such as system descriptions, network interfaces, and active processes.Syntax:nmap -sU -p 161 --script=snmp* [target IP]Example:nmap -sU -p 161 --script=snmp* 192.168.1.7 Use Case:Identify whether SNMP service (UDP port 161) is running on a target device.Detect SNMP misconfigurationIdentify SNMP-related vulnerabilities or software versions that may be outdated.Component of SNMP Enumeration:SNMP Enumeration is made up of three major parts:Managed Device: A managed device is a device or a host (technically referred to as a node) that has the SNMP service enabled. These devices include routers, switches, hubs, bridges, computers, and so on.Agents: An agent is a software component that runs on a managed device. Its primary function is to convert data into an SNMP-compatible format for network management via the SNMP protocol.Network Management System (NMS) : NMS are software systems that are employed to monitor network devices.SNMP ArchitectureThe architecture of SNMP Enumeration: Management Agent: An application that resides in managed devices such as hosts, bridges, routers, and so on. The agent responds to the operative's requests for data and actions and may send asynchronous messages to the operative in the event of a critical event.Management Station: It serves as the human network manager's interface to the network management station (or network operation center NOC), from which he monitors and manages the network and assists in fault recovery.Network Management Protocol: The network management protocol (SNMP) is used to transfer data and commands between agents and managing entities. For communication between managers and agents, SNMP employs the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) as the transport protocol. The reasons for exploitation of UDP for SNMP area unit are as follows:First, it has low overheads in comparison to the protocol, which uses a 3-way handshake for the association. Second, in large networks, SNMP over protocol may be a risky strategy because the protocol to ensure dependability can flood the network with retransmissions. SNMP sends and receives requests on UDP port 161, and receives traps from managed devices on UDP port 162.Management database (MIB) : A management database is represented as a collection of managed objects. These objects together form the MIB virtual database. Although an agent may implement multiple MIBs, all agents must implement a single MIB, known as MIB-II. This standard defines variables for things like interface statistics (interface speeds, MTU, octets sent, octets received, and so on) as well as various other things related to the system itself (system location, system contact, etc.). MIB-primary II's goal is to generate general TCP/IP management data.Protective Measure from SNMP EnumerationTo prevent unauthorized access and data leakage through SNMP enumeration, it's essential to implement good security practices across your network infrastructure.SNMP agents on hosts should be removed or disabled.All perimeter network access devices should block port 161.Access should be limited to specific IP addresses.Make use of SNMPv3 (more secure)Add the Group Policy security option “Additional restrictions for anonymous connections" to your configuration.Null session pipes, null session shares, and IPsec filtering should all be restricted as well.ConclusionSNMP security is critical in protecting network devices, routers, switches, and IT infrastructure from SNMP enumeration attacks and unauthorized access. As SNMP agents store system information, user accounts, and network configurations, attackers exploit default community strings to gain information.Organizations must implement the following to prevent SNMP enumeration and cyber attacks:Disable SNMP agents for unused hosts.Restrict SNMP access to specified IP addresses.Block UDP port 161 on perimeter network devices.Transition to SNMPv3 for encrypted authentication and secure communication.Implement security policies like Group Policy limitations and IPsec filtering. Comment More infoAdvertise with us Next Article What is Hacktivism ? A archita2k1 Follow Improve Article Tags : Ethical Hacking Ethical Hacking - Enumeration Similar Reads Ethical Hacking Tutorial This Ethical Hacking tutorial covers both basic and advanced concepts of Ethical Hacking. 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Each domain name has a corresponding set of ten or so numbers that make up the domain name's IP address. Simple, user-f 6 min read DNS Spoofing or DNS Cache poisoningPrerequisite - Domain Name Server Before Discussing DNS Spoofing, First, discuss what is DNS.A Domain Name System (DNS) converts a human-readable name (such as www.geeksforgeeks.org) to a numeric IP address. The DNS system responds to one or more IP-address by which your computer connects to a websi 3 min read How to Detect Sniffer in Your Network?Sniffers are software or hardware devices that can be used for wiretapping over a computer network, such as LAN or WAN. They are used to collect data by listening and capturing IP packets. These devices usually have the ability of recording data which includes email, chat, web browsing, and informat 5 min read Mitigation of DHCP Starvation AttackIn a DHCP starvation attack, an attacker creates spoofed DHCP requests with the goal of consuming all available IP addresses that a DHCP server can allocate. This attack targets DHCP servers. The attack could deny service to authorized network users. In other words, a malicious cyberattack that targ 5 min read Social EngineeringWhat is Social Engineering? Working, Types, Prevention and ImpactSocial Engineering is an umbrella term for multiple malicious activities done by cyber criminals over the internet through human interaction. It doesn't involve the use of technical hacking techniques. Attackers use psychology and manipulation to trick users into performing actions that could compro 8 min read What is Insider Attack?Cyber attacks on organizations are increasing both in number and magnitude. Often carried out by attackers with intentions to harm an organization, gain financial benefits, pursue political motives, spread terror, etc., these attacks always cost organizations in one form or another. Cyber security i 6 min read What is an Impersonation Attack?An impersonation attack is a threat where hackers impersonate trusted people or organizations—such as your boss, bank, or a well-known service used by companies, to the trick victims so that they can give sensitive information, funds, or access to systems. Unlike classical malware-based attacks (e.g 6 min read What are Tailgating?Tailgating is a term that refers to the practice of parking along the side of a road, usually by an open field or parking lot. Tailgaters are not only prohibited from entering the highway itself, but also have no right to drive on it at all. The term “tailgater†comes from tail-end Charlie, which me 5 min read How Hackers Use Social Engineering to Get Passwords on Facebook?Social engineering is a powerful method for hackers to exploit computer systems without the use of malware or computer hacking tools. To carry out a successful social engineering hack, ethical hackers need to understand how to effectively use social media and human interaction to obtain sensitive in 4 min read Pretexting in Social EngineeringPretexting is a social engineering technique that's used by hackers, spammers, and pranksters to assume and exploit the trust of an individual. It's been defined as the act of taking on an identity (usually those of a trusted person, such as a customer service representative) for the purpose of gain 4 min read Credit Card FraudsThis era belongs to technology where technology becomes a basic part of our lives whether in business or home which requires connectivity with the internet and it is a big challenge to secure these units from being a sufferer of cyber-crime. Wireless credit card processing is a tremendously new serv 2 min read Active Social Engineering Defense (ASED)A proactive tactic called Active Social Engineering Defense (ASED) is used to lessen the risk of being the target of social engineers. We must first comprehend social engineering in order better to comprehend active social engineering defense (ASED). Social Engineering Attack:Without the use of malw 6 min read Cyber Crime - Identity TheftIdentity Theft also called Identity Fraud is a crime that is being committed by a huge number nowadays. Identity theft happens when someone steals your personal information to commit fraud. This theft is committed in many ways by gathering personal information such as transactional information of an 5 min read Penetration Testing - Software EngineeringPenetration testing, or pen testing, is a practice where a simulated cyber attack is conducted on your computer systems to find and fix any weak spots before real attackers can exploit them. It focuses on web application security, where testers try to breach parts like APIs and servers to uncover vu 9 min read Denial-of-ServiceDistributed Denial of Service DDoS attackImagine a scenario where you are visiting some websites and one of them seems to be a little slow. You might blame their servers for improving their scalability as they might be experiencing a lot of user traffic on their site. Most of the sites already take this issue into account beforehand. Chanc 6 min read What are Bandwidth Attacks?Bandwidth attacks in ethical hacking target a network's bandwidth, and by extension, its available computing resources. A hacker can overload a network by sending a high number of packets to the computer or server at once. The processing power and memory in the system is limited and once it reaches 6 min read HTTP Flood AttackCyber crimes are increasing with the growing demand for the internet. With an increasing number of cybercrime cases reported each year, awareness of cyberattacks is very important. Cyber crimes/cyberattacks are done by hackers who unethically want to breach user data and steal sensitive information 9 min read ICMP Flood DDoS AttackIn today's world, Denial of Service (DoS) and Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks have become a major threat to present computer networks. DDoS is a kind of attack in which an attacker targets the victim's network resources such as bandwidth or memory so that the victim may stop responding 12 min read Ping Flood AttackA Ping Flood Attack, or ICMP Attack (Internet Control Message Protocol Attack), is a type of offensive cyberattack utilized to attack the targeted device—computer, server, or network—with a flood of false requests. It is a Denial of Service (DoS) attack, as it is intended to disrupt normal operation 6 min read What is a Permanent DoS (PDoS) Attack?In today's modern world, we often come across the term Cybercrime or Cyberattacks very frequently. With the increasing demand for the internet, cybercrime occurrence has taken a great spike. Cyber crimes are crimes involving cyber technology/computer networks. Cyberattacks are extremely dangerous as 6 min read What is Phlashing?Phlashing is a type of Denial of Service (DoS) Attack, also known as a Permanent Denial of Service Attack (PDoS) which is very severe because there is no way to undo this attack's consequences as it damages/corrupts the system to such an extreme level that there is no other way except to replace or 4 min read Like