Explain how useRef helps us work with elements in the DOM?

useRef is like having a magic pointer in your functional components that helps you interact with elements in the HTML DOM (Document Object Model), which is essentially the structure of your webpage.

How does useRef works ?

• Creating a Reference: When you use useRef, it gives you a reference object. It is like a bookmark or sticky note that you can attach to a specific element on your webpage.
• Attaching to DOM Elements: Once you have this reference object, you can attach it to any element in your JSX code by using the ref attribute. It's like sticking your bookmark directly onto that element.
• Accessing and Manipulating: Now that you've attached your reference to an element, you can access and manipulate that element directly using the reference. For example, you can focus on an input field, scroll to a specific position, or trigger animations on an element.
• Persisting Across Renders: The neat thing about useRef is that it persists across renders. So even if your component re-renders, the reference remains the same, allowing you to maintain consistent access to the element.
• Avoiding Re-renders: Unlike state variables, changing the value of a ref using useRef doesn't trigger a re-render of the component. This makes it ideal for storing values that you want to change without affecting the rendering of your component.
• Preserving State between Renders: Since useRef maintains its value across renders, it's useful for preserving the state between renders, especially if you need to keep track of something but don't want it to cause your component to re-render unnecessarily.

Example: In this example:

• We create a ref called inputRef using the useRef hook.
• We attach this ref to the input field using the ref attribute.
• When the button is clicked, the focusInput function is called, which programmatically focuses on the input field using inputRef.current.focus().

This example shows us how useRef allows us to directly interact with DOM elements in a functional component, enabling us to manage focus on the input field without the need for a class component or maintaining state.

import React, 
    { useRef } from 'react';

const FocusInput = () => {
    // Create a ref to hold a reference to the input element
    const inputRef = useRef(null);

    // Function to focus on the input field
    const focusInput = () => {
        // Focus on the input field when the button is clicked
        inputRef.current.focus();
    };

    return (
        <div>
            {/* Input field with ref attached */}
            <input type="text" ref={inputRef} />
            <button onClick={focusInput}>Focus Input</button>
        </div>
    );
};

export default FocusInput;

Output: