Java Program to Add two Complex Numbers
Last Updated :
13 Jul, 2022
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Complex numbers are numbers that consist of two parts — a real number and an imaginary number. Complex numbers are the building blocks of more intricate math, such as algebra. The standard format for complex numbers is a + bi, with the real number first and the imaginary number last.
General form for any complex number is:
a+ib Where "a" is real number and "b" is Imaginary number.
Construction of Complex number
For creating a complex numbers, we will pass imaginary numbers and real numbers as parameters for constructors.
Java
// Java program to construct the complex numberclass ComplexNumber { // variables to hold real and imaginary part of complex // number int real, image; // Constructor which will be used while creating complex // number public ComplexNumber(int r, int i) { this.real = r; this.image = i; } // function to print real number public void showC() { System.out.println(this.real + " +i " + this.image); } // we will implement this function for addition public complex add(ComplexNumber, ComplexNumber);} |
Time Complexity: O(1)
Auxiliary Space: O(1)
Add function
- Basically, addition of two complex numbers is done by adding real part of the first complex number with real part of the second complex number.
- And adding imaginary part of the first complex number with the second which results into the third complex number.
- So that means our add() will return another complex number.
Ex. addition of two complex numbers
(a1) + (b1)i —–(1)
(a2)+ (b2)i —–(2)
adding (1) and (2) will look like
(a1+a2) + (b1+b2)i
Function Definition:
ComplexNumber add(ComplexNumber n1, ComplexNumber n2){
ComplexNumber res = new ComplexNumber(0,0); //creating blank complex number
// adding real parts of both complex numbers
res.real = n1.real + n2.real;
// adding imaginary parts
res.image = n1.image + n2.image;
// returning result
return res;
}
Code:
Java
// Java program to add two complex numbersclass ComplexNumber { // variables to hold real and imaginary part of complex // number int real, image; // Constructor which will be used while creating complex // number public ComplexNumber(int r, int i) { this.real = r; this.image = i; } // function to print real number public void showC() { System.out.print(this.real + " +i" + this.image); } // function for addition public static ComplexNumber add(ComplexNumber n1, ComplexNumber n2) { // creating blank complex number // to store result ComplexNumber res = new ComplexNumber(0, 0); // adding real parts of both complex numbers res.real = n1.real + n2.real; // adding imaginary parts res.image = n1.image + n2.image; // returning result return res; } public static void main(String arg[]) { // creating two complex numbers ComplexNumber c1 = new ComplexNumber(4, 5); ComplexNumber c2 = new ComplexNumber(10, 5); // printing complex numbers System.out.print("first Complex number: "); c1.showC(); System.out.print("\nSecond Complex number: "); c2.showC(); // calling add() to perform addition ComplexNumber res = add(c1, c2); // displaying addition System.out.println("\nAddition is :"); res.showC(); }} |
Output
first Complex number: 4 +i5 Second Complex number: 10 +i5 Addition is : 14 +i10
Time Complexity: O(1)
Auxiliary Space: O(1)
