Minimum array element changes to make its elements 1 to N

Last Updated : 08 Sep, 2022

Suppose you are given an array with N elements with any integer values. You need to find the minimum number of elements of the array which must be changed so that array has all integer values between 1 and N(including 1, N).

Examples:

Input : arr[] = {1 4 5 3 7}
Output : 1
We need to replace 7 with 2 to satisfy
condition hence minimum changes is 1.

Input : arr[] = {8 55 22 1 3 22 4 5}
Output :3

We insert all elements in a hash table. We then iterate from 1 to N and check whether the element is present in the hash table. If it is not present then increment count. The final value of count will be the minimum changes required.

Implementation:

C++

// Count minimum changes to make array
// from 1 to n
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

int countChanges(int arr[], int n)
{
    // it will contain all initial elements 
    // of array for log(n) complexity searching
    unordered_set<int> s;

    // Inserting all elements in a hash table
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) 
        s.insert(arr[i]);
    
    // Finding elements to be changed
    int count = 0;
    for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) 
        if (s.find(i) == s.end())
            count++;

    return count;
}

int main()
{
    int arr[] = {8, 55, 22, 1, 3, 22, 4, 5};
    int n = sizeof(arr)/sizeof(arr[0]);
    cout << countChanges(arr, n);
    return 0;
}

Java

// Count minimum changes to 
// make array from 1 to n 
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.HashSet;

class GfG
{
    
    static int countChanges(int arr[], int n) 
    { 
        // It will contain all initial elements 
        // of array for log(n) complexity searching 
        Set<Integer> s = new HashSet<>(); 
    
        // Inserting all elements in a hash table 
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) 
            s.add(arr[i]); 
        
        // Finding elements to be changed 
        int count = 0; 
        for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) 
            if (!s.contains(i)) 
                count++; 
    
        return count; 
    } 

    // Driver code
    public static void main(String []args)
    {
        
        int arr[] = {8, 55, 22, 1, 3, 22, 4, 5}; 
        int n = arr.length; 

        System.out.println(countChanges(arr, n));
    }
}

// This code is contributed by Rituraj Jain

Python 3

# Count minimum changes to 
# make array from 1 to n

def countChanges(arr, n):

    # it will contain all initial 
    # elements of array for log(n)
    # complexity searching
    s = []

    # Inserting all elements in a list
    for i in range(n): 
        s.append(arr[i])
    
    # Finding elements to be changed
    count = 0
    for i in range(1, n + 1) :
        if i not in s:
            count += 1

    return count

# Driver Code
if __name__ == "__main__":
    arr = [8, 55, 22, 1, 3, 22, 4, 5]
    n = len(arr)
    print(countChanges(arr, n))

# This code is contributed 
# by ChitraNayal

// C# program to Count minimum changes to 
// make array from 1 to n 
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

class GfG
{
    
    static int countChanges(int []arr, int n) 
    { 
        // It will contain all initial elements 
        // of array for log(n) complexity searching 
        HashSet<int> s = new HashSet<int>(); 
    
        // Inserting all elements in a hash table 
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) 
            s.Add(arr[i]); 
        
        // Finding elements to be changed 
        int count = 0; 
        for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) 
            if (!s.Contains(i)) 
                count++; 
    
        return count; 
    } 

    // Driver code
    public static void Main(String []args)
    {
        int []arr = {8, 55, 22, 1, 3, 22, 4, 5}; 
        int n = arr.Length; 
        Console.WriteLine(countChanges(arr, n));
    }
}

// This code is contributed by 29AjayKumar

PHP

<?php 
// Count minimum changes to 
// make array from 1 to n

function countChanges(&$arr, $n)
{
    // it will contain all initial 
    // elements of array for log(n) 
    // complexity searching
    $s = array();

    // Inserting all elements 
    // in an array
    for ($i = 0; $i < $n; $i++) 
        array_push($s, $arr[$i]);
    
    // Finding elements to be changed
    $count = 0;
    for ($i = 1; $i <= $n; $i++) 
        if (!in_array($i, $s))
            $count++;

    return $count;
}

// Driver Code
$arr = array(8, 55, 22, 1, 3, 22, 4, 5);
$n = sizeof($arr);
echo countChanges($arr, $n);

// This code is contributed 
// by ChitraNayal
?>

JavaScript

<script>

// Count minimum changes to 
// make array from 1 to n 
    
    function countChanges(arr,n)
    {
        // It will contain all initial elements 
        // of array for log(n) complexity searching 
        let s = new Set(); 
      
        // Inserting all elements in a hash table 
        for (let i = 0; i < n; i++) 
            s.add(arr[i]); 
          
        // Finding elements to be changed 
        let count = 0; 
        for (let i = 1; i <= n; i++) 
            if (!s.has(i)) 
                count++; 
      
        return count; 
    }
    
    // Driver code
    let arr=[8, 55, 22, 1, 3, 22, 4, 5];
    let n = arr.length; 
    document.write(countChanges(arr, n));
    
    // This code is contributed by rag2127
    
</script>

Output

Complexities Analysis:

Time Complexity: O(n)
Auxiliary Space: O(n)

Minimum array element changes to make its elements 1 to N

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