Python program for addition and subtraction of complex numbers

Last Updated : 16 May, 2023

Given two complex numbers z1 and z2. The task is to add and subtract the given complex numbers.
Addition of complex number: In Python, complex numbers can be added using + operator.
Examples:

Input:  2+3i, 4+5i
Output: Addition is : 6+8i

Input: 2+3i, 1+2i
Output: Addition is : 3+5i

Example :

Python3

# Python program to add
# two complex numbers
 
 
# function that returns
# a complex number after
# adding
def addComplex( z1, z2):
    return z1 + z2
 
# Driver's code
z1 = complex(2, 3)
z2 = complex(1, 2)
print( "Addition is : ", addComplex(z1, z2))

Output:

Addition is :  (3+5j)

Time Complexity: O(1)

Auxiliary Space: O(1)

Subtraction of complex numbers: Complex numbers in Python can be subtracted using – operator.
Examples:

Input: 2+3i, 4+5i
Output: Subtraction is : -2-2i

Input: 2+3i, 1+2i
Output: Subtraction is : 1+1i

Example :

Python3

# Python program to subtract
# two complex numbers
 
 
# function that returns
# a complex number after
# subtracting
def subComplex( z1, z2):
    return z1-z2
 
# driver program
z1 = complex(2, 3)
z2 = complex(1, 2)
print( "Subtraction is : ", subComplex(z1, z2))

Output:

Subtraction is :  (1+1j)

Time Complexity: O(1)

Auxiliary Space: O(1)

Approach#3: Using to different functions

Algorithm

1.Read the two complex numbers from the user.
2.Define a function to add two complex numbers.
3.Define a function to subtract two complex numbers.
4.Call the two functions with the two complex numbers as arguments.
5.Print the results.

Python3

# Define a function to add two complex numbers
def complex_addition(num1, num2):
    return num1 + num2
 
# Define a function to subtract two complex numbers
def complex_subtraction(num1, num2):
    return num1 - num2
 
# Read the two complex numbers from the user
num1 = complex(2, 3)
num2 = complex(1, 2)
 
# Call the two functions with the two complex numbers as arguments
addition = complex_addition(num1, num2)
subtraction = complex_subtraction(num1, num2)
 
# Print the results
print("Addition is :", addition)
print("Subtraction is :", subtraction)

Output

Addition is : (3+5j)
Subtraction is : (1+1j)

Time Complexity: O(1) (constant time complexity for addition and subtraction of complex numbers)
Auxiliary Space: O(1) (constant space complexity as we are using only two variables)