Django Model Data Types and Fields List

Model fields define the structure and behavior of database columns. Each field represents a specific data type, determines how data is stored and validated, and controls the form widget used for input. Proper field definition ensures efficient database operations and consistent data handling.

Each Django field class helps Django determine:

• The database column type (e.g., INTEGER, VARCHAR, TEXT)
• The default HTML form widget (e.g., <input type="text">, <select>, etc.)
• The built-in validation rules for that field
• Avoid reserved names like save, delete, or clean for fields to prevent conflicts with Django’s model API.

Example:

from django.db import models

class Musician(models.Model):
    first_name = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    last_name = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    instrument = models.CharField(max_length=200)

class Album(models.Model):
    artist = models.ForeignKey(Musician, on_delete=models.CASCADE)  # Links each album to a musician
    name = models.CharField(max_length=100)                         # Album name
    release_date = models.DateField()                               # Release date of the album
    num_stars = models.IntegerField()                               # Rating (e.g., out of 5)

After creating and applying migrations, the above two tables are now created in the database:

In the above example:

• CharField is used for short text like names or instruments.
• IntegerField stores numbers (e.g., star ratings).
• DateField holds date values.
• ForeignKey establishes a relationship between two models (Album- Musician). 

Common Field Types in Django

Parameters in Django fields

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