Type Casting in Python (Implicit and Explicit) with Examples

Type Casting is the method to convert the Python variable datatype into a certain data type in order to perform the required operation by users. In this article, we will see the various techniques for typecasting. There can be two types of Type Casting in Python:

• Python Implicit Type Conversion
• Python Explicit Type Conversion

Implicit Type Conversion in Python

In this, method, Python converts the datatype into another datatype automatically. Users don't have to involve in this process. 

# Python program to demonstrate 
# implicit type Casting 

# Python automatically converts 
# a to int 
a = 7
print(type(a)) 

# Python automatically converts 
# b to float 
b = 3.0
print(type(b)) 

# Python automatically converts 
# c to float as it is a float addition 
c = a + b 
print(c) 
print(type(c))

# Python automatically converts 
# d to float as it is a float multiplication
d = a * b
print(d)
print(type(d))

Output:

<class 'int'>
<class 'float'>
10.0
<class 'float'>
21.0
<class 'float'>

Explicit Type Conversion in Python

In this method, Python needs user involvement to convert the variable data type into the required data type. 

Examples of Type Casting in Python

Mainly type casting can be done with these data type functions:

• Int(): Python Int() function take float or string as an argument and returns int type object.
• float(): Python float() function take int or string as an argument and return float type object.
• str(): Python str() function takes float or int as an argument and returns string type object.

Python Convert Int to Float

Here, we are Converting Int to Float in Python with the float() function.

# Python program to demonstrate 
# type Casting 

# int variable
a = 5

# typecast to float
n = float(a)

print(n)
print(type(n))

Output:

5.0
<class 'float'>

Python Convert Float to Int 

Here, we are Converting Float to int datatype in Python with int() function.

# Python program to demonstrate 
# type Casting 

# int variable
a = 5.9

# typecast to int
n = int(a)

print(n)
print(type(n))

Output:

5
<class 'int'>

Python Convert int to String 

Here, we are Converting int to String datatype in Python with str() function.

# Python program to demonstrate 
# type Casting 

# int variable
a = 5

# typecast to str
n = str(a)

print(n)
print(type(n))

Output:

5
<class 'str'>

Python Convert String to float

Here, we are casting string data type into float data type with float() function.

# Python program to demonstrate 
# type Casting 

# string variable
a = "5.9"

# typecast to float
n = float(a)

print(n)
print(type(n))

Output:

5.9
<class 'float'>

Python Convert string to int

Here, we are Converting string to int datatype in Python with int() function. If the given string is not number, then it will throw an error.

# string variable
a = "5"
b = 't'

# typecast to int
n = int(a)

print(n)
print(type(n))

print(int(b))
print(type(b))

Output:

5
<class 'int'>
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
ValueError                                Traceback (most recent call last)
Cell In[3], line 14
     11 print(n)
     12 print(type(n))
---> 14 print(int(b))
     15 print(type(b))
ValueError: invalid literal for int() with base 10: 't'

Addition of string and integer Using Explicit Conversion

# integer variable
a = 5
# string variable
b = 't'

# typecast to int
n = a+b

print(n)
print(type(n))

Output:

TypeError                                 Traceback (most recent call last)
Cell In[5], line 10
      7 b = 't'
      9 # typecast to int
---> 10 n = a+b
     12 print(n)
     13 print(type(n))