Operating System Tutorial

An Operating System(OS) is a software that manages and handles hardware and software resources of a computing device.

• Responsible for managing and controlling all the activities and sharing of computer resources among different running applications.
• A low-level Software that includes all the basic functions like processor management, memory management, file management, etc.
• It mainly acts a government for your system that has different departments to manage different resources.
• Examples are Linux, Unix, Windows 11, MS DOS, Android, macOS and iOS.

Basics

1. Introduction
2. Types of OS
3. Kernel in OS
4. System Call
5. System Initialization

Process Scheduling

1. Process Introduction
2. Process Table and Control Block
3. Process Management Introduction
4. Process States
5. Process Scheduler
6. CPU Scheduling Algorithms
7. Preemptive vs Non-Preemptive
8. Dispatcher vs scheduler
9. Starvation and Aging in Operating Systems
10. Quiz: CPU Scheduling

Process Synchronization

1. Inter Process Communication
2. Process Synchronization
3. Race Condition
4. Critical Section
5. Solutions to Process Synchronization Problems
6. Peterson’s Algorithm
7. Dekker’s algorithm
8. Bakery Algorithm
9. Hardware Based Solutions
10. Semaphores in Process Synchronization
11. Mutex vs. Semaphore
12. Monitors
13. Priority Inversion
14. Classical IPC Problems 
15. Quiz: Process Synchronization in OS

Deadlock

1. Deadlock Introduction
2. Deadlock Handling
3. Deadlock Prevention
4. Banker’s Algorithm for Deadlock Avoidance
5. Deadlock Detection And Recovery
6. Deadlock, Starvation, and Livelock
7. Resource Allocation Graph (RAG)
8. Methods of resource allocation
9. Program for Deadlock free condition
10. Quiz: Deadlock

Multithreading

1. Operating System | Thread
2. Threads and its types
3. Operating System | User Level thread Vs Kernel Level thread
4. Process-based and Thread-based Multitasking
5. Multi threading models
6. Benefits of Multithreading
7. Operating System | Remote Procedure call (RPC)
8. Quiz: Multithreading

Memory Management

1. Basics

• Introduction to memory and memory units
• Memory Management in Operating System
• Logical and Physical Address in Operating System

2. Contiguous Allocation

• Implementation of Contiguous Memory Management
• Internal Fragmentation
• External Fragmentation
• Program for Next Fit algorithm in Memory Management
• Buddy System: Memory allocation technique

3. Non-Contiguous Allocation

• Non-Contiguous Allocation in Operating System
• Paging
• Segmentation
• Page Table Entries in Page Table
• Paged Segmentation and Segmented Paging

4. Advanced Memory Concepts

• Overlays in Memory Management
• Virtual Memory
• What is Demand Paging in Operating System?
• Page Fault Handling
• Swap Space

5. Page Replacement & Thrashing

• Page Replacement Algorithms
• Belady’s Anomaly
• Second Chance (or Clock) Page Replacement Policy
• Techniques to handle Thrashing
• Working Set in Paging

6. Kernel & System-Level Concepts

• Allocating kernel memory (buddy system and slab system)
• Memory Interleaving
• Operating system based Virtualization

Quiz: Memory Management

Disk Management

1. File Systems
2. Unix File System
3. Implementing Directory Management using Shell Script
4. File Directory | Path Name
5. Structures of Directory
6. File Allocation Methods
7. File Access Methods
8. Secondary memory
9. Secondary memory – Hard disk drive
10. Disk Scheduling Algorithms
11. Program for SSTF disk scheduling algorithm
12. What exactly Spooling is all about?
13. Difference between Spooling and Buffering
14. Free space management
15. Quiz: Input Output Systems

Important Links

1. Last Minute Notes (LMNs) | Operating Systems
2. Commonly Asked Operating Systems Interview Questions
3. 'Quizzes' on Operating Systems !
4. 'Practice Problems' on Operating Systems !

Introduction to Operating System

Visit Course

Introduction to Operating System

Types of Operating System

Multithreading Introduction

OS - Thread vs Process

Difference between User Threads and Kernel Threads