Deepfakes with GANs
Manipulating videos and photographs to edit artifacts has been in practice for quite a long time. If you have seen movies like Forrest Gump or Furious 7, chances are you did not even notice that the scenes with John F Kennedy or Paul Walker in the respective movies were fake and edited into the movies as required. Figure 14.1 shows one particular scene from the movie Forrest Gump, where Gump meets John F Kennedy. The scene was created using complex visual effects and archival footage to ensure high-quality results. Hollywood studios, spy agencies from across the world, and media outlets have been making use of editing tools such as Photoshop, After Effects, and complex custom visual effects/CGI (computer-generated imagery) pipelines to come up with such compelling results. While the results have been more or less believable in most instances, it takes a huge amount of manual effort and time to edit each and every detail, like scene lighting, faces, eye and lip...
