To know if something happened between two statements one can of course use a special string with user_error() (in lieu of a built-in special reset mentioned by mail at mbaierl dot com): <?php
@user_error($error_get_last_mark='error_get_last mark');
$not_set;
$error_get_last=error_get_last();
$something_happened=($error_get_last['message']!=$error_get_last_mark); ?>
If your <?php set_error_handler(function) ?> function returns true then you'll have to roll you own error_get_last functionality. (Shortly mentioned by dmgx dot michael at gmail dot com).
To manual moderators: Re php.net/manual/add-note.php: Since i guess the above technically sorts under "References to other notes" i feel the need to defend myself with that i'm thinking it might show for usability where other's say it fails and no, i haven't got any other medium to reach the readers of the php manual notes.
Also, you could have some examples of what notes you think is okay. Thanks for your moderation.