Static Analysis and Design of 2D Transmission Tower
Using SAP2000
(Metric Units) ACECOMS, AIT
Static Analysis and Design of 2D Transmission Tower
Table of Content
Objective ......................................................................................................................................................... 3 Problem ........................................................................................................................................................... 3 Step by Step..................................................................................................................................................... 5 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Start Model with Template................................................................................................................. 5 Modify Model .................................................................................................................................... 7 Define Material Properties ................................................................................................................. 8 Import Angle Members and Define Auto Selection Member ............................................................ 9 Assign Frame Member ..................................................................................................................... 11 Define Load Case ............................................................................................................................. 12 Assign WIND Load Case ............................................................................................................. 13 Assign Groups .................................................................................................................................. 14 Analysis the Model........................................................................................................................... 18 Design Steel Members ..................................................................................................................... 19
SAP2000 Tutorial Example: Analysis and Design of 2D Transmission Tower
2/23
ACECOMS, AIT
Objective
To demonstrate and practice step-by-step on the modeling, static analysis and design of 2D transmission tower.
Problem
Find the suitable steel angle members for 2D transmission tower by using AISC-LRFD93 design code with the following details
Material Properties (Steel) Young Modulus of Steel (Ec) Unit Weight of Steel Yield Stress of Steel (Fy) Tensile Stress of Steel (Fu) = 2,000,000 kg/cm2 = = = 7,800 2,400 4,000 kg/m3 kg/cm2 kg/cm2
Load Case Load Name Load Type Details Self Weight: Calculate automatically using Self Weight Multiplier in SAP2000
DEAD
Dead Load
WIND
Wind Load
See in Elevation View
Load Combination for Pushover Analysis Name DSTL1 DSTL2 DSTL3 DSTL4 DSTL5 DSTL6 Details 1.4 DEAD 1.2 DEAD +1.6 LIVE 1.2 DEAD + 0.5 LIVE + 1.3 WIND 1.2 DEAD - 0.5 LIVE + 1.3 WIND 0.9 DEAD + 1.3 WIND 0.9 DEAD - 1.3 WIND
Note: No LIVE load case in this example
SAP2000 Tutorial Example: Analysis and Design of 2D Transmission Tower
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ACECOMS, AIT
SAP2000 Tutorial Example: Analysis and Design of 2D Transmission Tower
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ACECOMS, AIT
Step by Step
1. Start Model with Template
Step 1-1: Select Working Unit and Start New Model with Template Start up screen of SAP2000, select working unit to be kg-m at drop-down menu on the bottom-right of screen and click on to start new model with template
Step 1-2: Select Template Type Select Braced Frame from template list
SAP2000 Tutorial Example: Analysis and Design of 2D Transmission Tower
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ACECOMS, AIT
Step 1-3: Specify Geometry Properties Specify two Braced Frame geometry properties as shown in above figure.
Step 1-4: Create Model 2 bays tower has been created from parameters that specified from previous steps. The left bay will be deleted in the next step. Close left window by clicking on .
SAP2000 Tutorial Example: Analysis and Design of 2D Transmission Tower
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ACECOMS, AIT
2. Modify Model
All leg and horizontal members will be deleted in this step.
Step 2-1: Select Leg Members in Left Bay to change to selecting mode and draw rectangular selection to cover leg Click on member in left bay as shown in above figure.
Step 2-2: Select Horizontal Members to change to Select using Intersecting Line and draw selecting line to Click on pass all horizontal members in left bay as shown in above figure. Press Delete to delete all selecting members.
SAP2000 Tutorial Example: Analysis and Design of 2D Transmission Tower
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ACECOMS, AIT
3. Define Material Properties
Step 3-1: Change Working Unit and Select Material Change working unit to kg, cm, go to Define > Material, select STEEL and click on Modify/ Show Material button.
Step 3-2: Specify Steel Material Properties Specify material properties as shown in above figure.
SAP2000 Tutorial Example: Analysis and Design of 2D Transmission Tower
8/23
ACECOMS, AIT
4. Import Angle Members and Define Auto Selection Member
All angle member properties will be imported from built-in database first and define all imported L-Shaped member to the list of section (AUTO1) for auto member selection in design step.
Step 4-1: Import Angle Go to Define > Frame/Cable Section, select Import Angle from first drop-down menu as shown in above figure and click on Add New Property button
Step 4-2: Specify Steel Member Database Go to folder that SAP2000 has been installed (normally should be C:\Program Files\Computers and Structures\SAP2000 8) and select database name AISC3.PRO.
SAP2000 Tutorial Example: Analysis and Design of 2D Transmission Tower
9/23
ACECOMS, AIT
Step 4-3: Select All Angle Members Select all angle members by clicking on first member and clicking on the last member by holding shift button and click on Ok button in Angle Section dialogue.
Step 4-4: Define Auto Selection Member Back to Frame Properties dialogue, shows all angle members have been imported to the properties list at left column. Select Add Auto Select from second drop-down menu and click on Add New Property button.
SAP2000 Tutorial Example: Analysis and Design of 2D Transmission Tower
10/23
ACECOMS, AIT
Step 4-5: Select Section Properties for Auto Selection Member Select all angle members (same method as previous step) and click on Add-> button to move all angle members from list (left column) to auto selection list (right column).
5. Assign Frame Member
Step 5-1: Select all Members to select all members in model. Click on
SAP2000 Tutorial Example: Analysis and Design of 2D Transmission Tower
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ACECOMS, AIT
Step 5-2: Assign Frame Selection Go to Assign >> Frame/Cable >> Sections, select AUTO1 and click OK button.
6. Define Load Case
Step 6-1: Add WIND Load Case Go to Define >> Load Case, specify WIND load case as shown in above figure and click on Add New Load button.
SAP2000 Tutorial Example: Analysis and Design of 2D Transmission Tower
12/23
ACECOMS, AIT
7. Assign WIND Load Case
Step 7-1: Select Nodes Select 5 nodes from top by selecting desired nodes as shown in above figure.
and drawing rectangular line to cover
Step 7-2: Assign WIND Load Case Go to Assign >> Joint Load >> Forces, select load case and specify Force GlobalX as shown in above figure.
SAP2000 Tutorial Example: Analysis and Design of 2D Transmission Tower
13/23
ACECOMS, AIT
Step 7-3: Assign Windward Pressure Coefficients Repeat step 7-1 and step 7-2 to assign nodal force to the remaining nodes
8. Assign Groups
3 member groups are required in this example (Leg, Horizontal and Brace) for steel design.
Step 8-1: Select Leg Members and draw 2 selection rectangular to cover all leg members as shown in Click on above figure.
SAP2000 Tutorial Example: Analysis and Design of 2D Transmission Tower
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ACECOMS, AIT
Step 8-2: Add New Group Go to Assign >> Assign to Group and click on Add New Group button.
Step 8-3: Assign LEG Group Specify LEG group name and click OK.
SAP2000 Tutorial Example: Analysis and Design of 2D Transmission Tower
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ACECOMS, AIT
Step 8-4: Select Horizontal Members Draw selection rectangular to cover all horizontal members one by one. To check all horizontal members are selected or not by selecting View >> Show Selection Only to view only selected members
Step 8-5: Assign HORIZONTAL Group Go to Assign >> Assign to Group and repeat step 8-2 and 8-3 to assign HORIZONTAL group.
SAP2000 Tutorial Example: Analysis and Design of 2D Transmission Tower
16/23
ACECOMS, AIT
Step 8-6: Select Bracing Members To show all members, go to View >> Show All. Clicking on and draw selection line to pass all members as shows in figure. This selection will select all horizontal and bracing members.
Step 8-7: Deselect Horizontal Members Go to Select >> Deselect >> Groups and select. Only bracing members are selected now. That can be checked from View >> View Selection Only.
SAP2000 Tutorial Example: Analysis and Design of 2D Transmission Tower
17/23
ACECOMS, AIT
Step 8-8: Assign BRACING Group Go to Assign >> Assign to Group and repeat step 8-2 and 8-3 to assign BRACING group.
9. Analysis the Model
Step 9-1: Start Analysis Go to Analyze >> Run Analysis, and click on Run Now button.
SAP2000 Tutorial Example: Analysis and Design of 2D Transmission Tower
18/23
ACECOMS, AIT
Step 9-2: Check Error Message Check error message after analysis status show ANALYSIS COMPLETE.
10. Design Steel Members
Step 10-1: Select Design Code Go to Options >> Preference >> Steel Frame Design and select AISC-LRFD93 from design code
SAP2000 Tutorial Example: Analysis and Design of 2D Transmission Tower
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ACECOMS, AIT
Step 10-2: Select Design Group Go to Design >> Steel Frame Design >> Steel Design Group and select all 3 groups as shown in above figure by selecting and clicking Add - > button.
Step 10-3: Select Design Load Combination Go to Design >>Steel Frame Design >> Steel Design Combo, all design combination according to specified design code are added in the list. To view detail of each combination, select one of them and click on Show
SAP2000 Tutorial Example: Analysis and Design of 2D Transmission Tower
20/23
ACECOMS, AIT
Step 10-4: Assign Effective Length Factor Select all members by clicking on , go to Design >> Steel Frame Design >> View/Revise Overwrites and change parameters as shown in above figure.
Step 10-5: Start Design Go to Design >>Steel Frame Design >> Start Design/ Check of Structures and wait until SAP2000 show the design output.
SAP2000 Tutorial Example: Analysis and Design of 2D Transmission Tower
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Step 10-6: Check Analysis and Design Section Go to Design >>Steel Frame Design >> Verify Analysis vs Design Sections, to see number of difference sections between analysis and design. Click on OK button.
Step 10-7: Reanalysis Go to Analyze >> Run Analysis, and click on Run Now button
SAP2000 Tutorial Example: Analysis and Design of 2D Transmission Tower
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ACECOMS, AIT
Step 10-8: Redesign and Reanalysis Repeat Step 10-5 to Step 10-7 until there is no difference between analysis and design member.
Step 10-9: View Design Member Go to Design >> Steel Frame Design >> Display Design Info and select second drop-down menu and select Design Sections as shown in above figure.
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