Final exam review: answer these review questions and check your answers on the bottom of each page,
take notes on the provided page Measurement
1. How many milligrams are in 0.2 grams? a) 200 milligrams b) 2000 milligrams c) 0.002 milligram d) 0.00002 milligram 2. What would be the volume in liters of 640 g of oil if the density of the oil is 0.8 g/mL? a) 800 liters b) 0.8 liter c) 512 liters d) 0.5 liters 3. Five 1 peseta coins from Spain were dropped into a graduated cylinder containing 20.20 mL of water. The volume of the water increased to 22.05 mL. A single coin had a mass of 0.99 gram. What is the identity of the metal used for the Spanish 1 peseta coins? density of aluminum = 2.7 g/mL density of zinc = 7.1 g/mL density of copper = 9.0 g/mL density of silver = 10.0 g/mL a) aluminum b) zinc c) copper d) silver 4. The mass of a metal cylinder was determined on an analytical balance to be 50.208 g. The volume of the cylinder was measured and determined to be 5.6 mL. The density of the metal cylinder, expressed to the proper number of significant figures, is... a) 8.9657 g/mL b) 9.0 g/mL c) 0.11153 g/mL d) 0.11 g/mL 5. Two students, Garrison and Isabella, determined the mass of an object on two different balances. The accepted mass of the object was 2.355 g. Garrison obtained values of 2.531 g, 2.537 g, 2.535 g and 2.533 g. Isabella obtained values of 2.350 g, 2.404 g, 2.296 g and 2.370 g. Which statement best describes the results that were obtained by Garrison and Isabella. a) Garrison obtained the better accuracy. b) Isabella obtained the better accuracy. c) Garrison obtained the better precision. d) Isabella obtained the better precision.
Answers : a,b,a,b,b
Final exam review: answer these review questions and check your answers on the bottom of each page, take notes on the provided page ATOMS AND ISOTOPES
1. The probability area that best represents the shape of one of the atomic 3s orbitals is...
2. The common isotopes of carbon are 12C and 13C. The average mass of carbon is 12.01115 amu. What is the abundance of the 13C isotope? (a) 1.115% (b) 98.885% (c) 0.480% (d) 99.52% 3. If the abundance of 6Li (6.015121 amu) is 7.500% and the abundance of 7Li (7.016003 amu) is 92.500%, what is the average atomic mass? (a) 6.0750 amu (b) 6.0902 amu (c) 6.9250 amu (d) 6.9409 amu 4. What do the following have in common?
20
Ne (a) (b) (c) (d)
24 F Mg2+ They are isotopes of each other. They all have the same number of protons They all have the same number of electrons They are different elements so they have nothing in common.
19 -
5. How many valence electrons does an oxygen atom have? (a) 2 (b) 6 (c) 8 (d) 16 6. Fluorine atoms tend to...?...when they form chemical compounds with metals. (a) lose electrons (b) gain electrons (c) neither lose nor gain electrons...they usually share electrons equally with metals. (d) Fluorine atoms do not form compounds with other atoms...fluorine is an inert gas.
Answers : a,a,d,c,b, b
Final exam review: answer these review questions and check your answers on the bottom of each page, take notes on the provided page
1. The identity of an element is determined by...
(a) (b) (c) (d) the number of its protons. the number of its neutrons. the number of its electrons. its atomic mass.
8. The probability area that best represents the shape of an atomic 3p orbital is...
9. Which of the following electron configurations represents the electron configuration for a magnesium cation...Mg2+? (a) 1s22s22p63s2 (b) 1s22s22p63s23p2 (c) 1s22s22p6 (d) 1s22s22p4 10. Which of the following orbital box diagrams represents silicon, which has 14 electrons?
11. The half-life of francium-212 is 19 minutes. How many minutes will it take for 1 gram of this isotope to decay to 0.125 grams? (a) 4.75 minutes (b) 9.5 minutes (c) 38 minutes (d) 57 minutes 12. The atom formed by the beta decay of carbon-14 is... (a) oxygen-18 (b) beryllium-10 (c) boron-14 (d) nitrogen-14
Answers :
a,b,c ,c,d, d
Final exam review: answer these review questions and check your answers on the bottom of each page, take notes on the provided page
MOLECULES & STRUCTURES
1. Which of the following is the correct electron-dot formula for water?
2. Which of the following is the correct electron-dot formula for carbon dioxide?
3. Which of the following represents the correct formula for aluminum oxide? (a) AlO (b) Al2O3 (c) AlO2 (d) Al2O 4. Which of the bonds, shown by the dash, has the greatest polarity? (a) H-Cl (b) H-NH2 (c) H-OH (d) H-SH 5. What is the major attraction between water molecules in the solid physical state? (a) dipole-dipole interactions (b) electrostatic interactions between charged atoms (c) hydrogen-bonds (d) physical entanglement of the molecules 6.Which of the following is the correct name for Na2CO3? (a) sodium carbonate (b) sodium acetate (c) nitrogen carbonate (d) sodium carbon trioxide
answers: a, b, b, b, c, a
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2. What is the shape?
(a) linear (b) angular (c) Trigonal planar (d) Trigonal pyramid 8. The molecule N2 has as many electrons as ... (a) O2 (b) F2 (c) NO (d) CN9. In which of the following compounds does ionic bonding predominate? (a) NH4Cl (b) CO2 (c) CH4 (d) LiBr 10. Which of the following molecules contains only one non-bonding pair or lone pair of valence electrons? (a) NH4+ (b) HCN (c) C2H4 (d) N2 11. Which of the following gases would be most soluble in water? (a) N2 (b) CO2 (c) CH4 (d) NH3 12. Which of the following should have the highest boiling point? (a) NH3 (b) CH4 (c) O2 (d) H2O
answers : d,d,d,d,d,d
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MOLES AND PERCENT COMP
1. How many moles of CO2 are present in 0.220 g? (a) 5 moles (b) 0.005 mole (c) 5000 moles (d) 10 moles 2. What is the percent water in hydrated calcium chloride...CaCl22H2O? (a) 66.67% (b) 32.47% (c) 24.51% (d) 12.26% 3. What is the empirical formula for a compound that contains 17.34% hydrogen and 82.66% carbon? (a) C5H (b) C2H5 (c) CH3 (d) CH2 4. What is the molecular formula for a compound that is 46.16% carbon, 5.16% hydrogen and 48.68% fluorine if the molar mass of this compound is 156.12 g? (a) C3H4F2 (b) C5H10F5 (c) C6H8F4 (d) C6H6F3 5. If 2.68 g of hydrated sodium sulfate, Na2SO4nH2O, on heating produces 1.26 g of water, what is the empirical formula of this compound? HONORS QUESTION (a) Na2SO4H2O (b) 2Na2SO4H2O (c) Na2SO47H2O (d) 9Na2SO48H2O 6. One mole of (NH4)2HPO4 contains _?_ moles of hydrogen atoms. (a) 1 (b) 5 (c) 6 (d) 9
answers : b, c, b, c, c, d
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REACTIONS, RATES, SOLUTIONS
1. If the temperature of a reaction is increased by 20oC, the reaction rate will be... (a) decreased. (b) increased. (c) unchanged because the reaction rate is not dependent on the temperature. 2. The following reaction coordinate diagram represents...
(a) (b) (c) (d)
an endothermic reaction. an exothermic reaction. a reaction that is neither endothermic nor exothermic. a reaction in which a catalyst is used.
3. When the following reaction equation is properly balanced, the number of moles of O2 will be...
(a) (b) (c) (d)
1.5 moles 3.5 moles 3 moles 5 moles
4. When the following reaction equation is properly balanced, the number of moles of O2 will be...
(a) (b) (c) (d)
1.5 moles 13 moles 19 moles 38 moles
Answer: b, a, d, d
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5. Which of the following correctly represents the balanced chemical reaction between aluminum and sulfur?
6. An equilibrium constant of 10-4 for a reaction means that the reaction is... (a) one that will have 50% product and 50% reactant at equilibrium. (b) one that is very favorable and will have mostly product at equilibrium. (c) one that is unfavorable and will not have very much product at equilibrium. The equilibrium constant only relates to the speed of a reaction and not to the amount (d) of product formed. 7. Which of the following equations represents the equilibrium equation for the following reaction?
8. If additional calcium phosphate is added to the above reaction mixture, what will happen to the overall reaction? (a) There will be no change in the overall reaction. (b) The reaction will occur at a faster rate. Less of the reactants will react in order to compensate for the increase in the amount (c) of one of the products of the reaction. More of the reactants will have to react in order to compensate for the increase in the (d) amount of one of the products of the reaction.
Answers: a, c, d, c
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9. In a single replacement reaction, why will one metal replace another metal in an ionic compound? The metal will replace another metal if it has a smaller mass and thus is able to hit the (a) ionic compound with a higher velocity and thus more energy. The metal will replace another metal if it has a larger mass and thus is able to hit the (b) ionic compound with more energy. The metal will replace another metal if it can gain electrons more readily than the (c) other metal. The metal will replace another metal if it can lose electrons more readily than the (d) other metal. 10. When two ionic compounds are dissolved in water, a double replacement reaction can... (a) never occur since all ions in water are "spectator ions". occur if two of the ions form an insoluble ionic compound, which precipitates out of (b) solution. (c) occur if the ions react to form a gas, which bubbles out of the solution. (d) occur only if the ions form covalent bonds with each other. 11. The pH of a 0.001 molar solution of a strong acid (a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 11 (d) Yikes! This question is lowering the pH of my stomach. 12. What is the oxidation number of chromium in the ionic compound Na2Cr2O7? (a) 2 (b) 6 (c) 7 (d) 12 13. Which of the following compounds is the strongest Brnsted base? (a) NaCH3 (b) NaOH (c) NaF (d) NaNH2 14. Which of the following compounds is the strongest Brnsted acid? (a) NH3 (b) HF (c) H2O (d) CH4
Answers: d, b, b, b, b
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20. Which of the following chemical equations correctly represents the reaction between aluminum and oxygen?
21. Which of the following chemical equations correctly represents the reaction between calcium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid?
22. An iron nail was immersed in a solution of copper sulfate and when it was removed from the solution, it was coated with a layer of copper metal. After a different iron nail was immersed in a solution of zinc nitrate and removed, this nail rusted just as rapidly as a new iron nail. Rank these three metals in order of activity from most active to least active. (a) Zn > Cu > Fe (b) Fe > Cu > Zn (c) Zn > Fe > Cu (d) Cu > Fe > Zn
Answers: d, a, b
Final exam review: answer these review questions and check your answers on the bottom of each page, take notes on the provided page
1. The correct answer is (a) ! To solve this problem = 200 mg
2. The correct answer is b!
3. Aluminum is correct! The Spanish one peseta coin is made of aluminum. Inflation has decreased the value of one peseta so much that they are rarely given out as change and are therefore hard to find if you are collecting a set of Spanish coins.
4. Answer (b) 9.0 g/ml is correct
5. The correct choice is b, Isabella! Although her values were scattered widely, the average value she obtained had a 0% error. Percent error is calculated by...% error = (accepted value - experimental value)/accepted value x 100%. Isabella's percent error was 0%.
Final exam review: answer these review questions and check your answers on the bottom of each page, take notes on the provided page
