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Linux Bootup Issue, Repair Entry

This document provides steps to boot a Linux system into single user mode by editing the GRUB boot loader. It also provides steps to recover from an error related to filesystem labeling when booting, including mounting the filesystem, editing /etc/fstab to correct the label, and checking labels and block IDs.

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Asif Muhammad Adbul Raheem
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
56 views

Linux Bootup Issue, Repair Entry

This document provides steps to boot a Linux system into single user mode by editing the GRUB boot loader. It also provides steps to recover from an error related to filesystem labeling when booting, including mounting the filesystem, editing /etc/fstab to correct the label, and checking labels and block IDs.

Uploaded by

Asif Muhammad Adbul Raheem
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Boot Linux Grub Into Single User Mode

by NI XCRAF T on APRIL 19, 2006 26 COM M ENTS LAST UPDATED DECEM BER 24, 2008 in CENTOS, DEBI AN / UBUNT U , LI NUX

Q. How do I boot a Linux system into single user mode? A. Single user mode is useful to fix some system problem. Following are steps you need to use to boot Grub boot loader into single user mode.

Procedure: Boot Linux Grub Boot Loader into single user mode
(1) At grub boot screen (after restart) (2) Select the kernel (3) Press the e key to edit the entry (4) Select second line (the line starting with the word kernel)

(if you dont see this screen, just press e and then from there press on the up arrow key)

(5) Press the e key to edit kernel entry so that you can append single user mode (6) Append the letter S (or word Single) to the end of the (kernel) line

(7) Press ENTER key

(8) Now press the b key to boot the Linux kernel into single user mode (9) When prompted give root password and you be allowed to login into single user mode.

Error Message

fsck.ext3: Unable to resolve 'LABEL=/usrs'

[FAILED]

*** An error occurred during the file system check. *** Dropping you to a shell; the system will reboot *** when you leave the shell Give root password for maintenance (or type Control-D to continue):

When the above error is found many ask the question, how to recover from the error. From the above error it is obvious that the error is something relaed to a filsystem. TO over come this issue you have to edit the /etc/fstab. When this error occurs you cannot edit the /etc/fstab file as it is, to edit the file you have to login as single user, then mount the filesystem. After that only you can edit the files or /etc/fstab. Steps for recovery:
1) Login as single user mode 2) Provide the password

Mount the filesystem to edit


3) mount -o remount,rw /

OR
3) mount -av

Edit /etc/fstab
4) vi /etc/fstab

Find the word 'LABEL=/usrs' 5) Change /usrs as 'LABEL=/usr'

After making the changes, you can re bot the machine.


Command to check the label

# e2label /dev/sda1

If you specify bad device number then you might get error as below
# e2label /dev/sdaxx

OUTPUT:
e2label: Bad magic number in super-block while trying to open /dev/sda Couldn't find valid filesystem superblock.

Command to find the disk id

blkid /dev/sda1

OUTPUT:
# /dev/sda1: UUID="1d35d020-f6a1-456f-91e6-4a722111a766" TYPE="ext3"

The blkid is the command which is used to find the block-id of the disk.

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