Jeerj %eeveesoe evLeceeuee kee heg<he veb.

25

ISBN 978-93-82071-19-8

eewyeerme leerLekej
-emlegefle-

hetpe ieefCeveerecegKe Deeefe&keeefMejesceefCe

eer %eeveceleer ceeleepeer

MejohetefCe&cee ceneslmeJe, 11 Deketyej 2011 kees pecyeterhe-nefmleveehegj
ceW hetpe ieefCeveerecegKe eer %eeveceleer ceeleepeer eje Ieesef<ele
eLece heeeee& eer Jeerjmeeiej Je<e& kes Devleie&le ekeeefMele

efoiecyej pewve ef$eueeske MeesOe mebmLeeve eje mebeeefuele

Jeerj %eeveesoe evLeceeuee

Fme evLeceeuee ceW efoiecyej pewve Dee<e&ceeie& kee hees<eCe kejves Jeeues
efnvoer, mebmke=le, eeke=le, keVe[, Debespeer, iegpejeleer, ceje"er
Deeefo Yee<eeDeeW kes veee, efmeevle, DeOeelce, YetieesueKeieesue, JeekejCe Deeefo efJe<eeeW hej ueIeg SJeb Je=nod
ebLeeW kee cetue SJeb DevegJeeo meefnle ekeeMeve neslee
nw~ mecee-mecee hej Oeeefce&ke ueeskeesheeesieer
ueIeg hegefmlekeeSb Yeer ekeeefMele nesleer
jnleer nQ~

-: mebmLeeefhekee SJeb esjCeeeesle :-

hejcehetpe ieefCeveerecegKe Deeefe&keeefMejesceefCe eer %eeveceleer ceeleepeer

-: ceeie&oMe&ve :-

e%eeeceCeer Deeefe&kee eer evoveeceleer ceeleepeer

-: efveoxMeke SJeb mecheeoke :-

-ekeeMeke-

efoiecyej pewve ef$eueeske MeesOe mebmLeeve

mJeefmleeer kece&eesieer heer"eOeerMe jJeervkeerefle& mJeeceer peer

-: eyebOe mecheeoke :-

pecyeterhe-nefmleveehegj (cesj") G.e.-250404

Heesve veb.- (01233) 280184, 280994

peerJeve ekeeMe pewve

Website : www.jambudweep.org
E-mail : [email protected]

meJee&efOekeej ekeeMekeeOeerve

le=leere mebmkejCe
1100 eefleeeB

Jeerj efve.meb. 2538

Dee<ee{ Meg. elego&Meer
2 pegueeF& 2012

cetue
32/-.

efleere mebmkejCe, meved 2002-2200 eefleeeB ekeeefMele

kecheesefpebie - %eeveceleer vesJeke&, pecyeterhe-nefmleveehegj (cesj") G.e.

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mecheeokeere

emleeJevee

-mJeefmleeer kece&eesieer heer"eOeerMe

jJeervkeerefle& mJeeceer peer
Deveeefokeeue mes Yetues-Yekes ngS eeefCeeeW kees Oece&ceeie& ceW ueieeves kes
efueS, Gvekeer Oece& kes eefle DeemLee Glhevve kejves kes efueS Deewj hejkeueeCe kes
meeLe-meeLe mJekeueeCe kes efueS Deeeeeexb ves ye[s-ye[s evLeeW keer jevee keer nw~
Fmeer hejcheje ceW yeermeJeeR Meleeyoer keer heLece yeeuemeleer hetpe ieefCeveerecegKe
Deeefe&kee efMejesceefCe eer %eeveceleer ceeleepeer ves oes meew mes DeefOeke evLe Deheveer
uesKeveer mes efueKes nQ~ Gmeer e=bKeuee ceW Jeerj %eeveesoe evLeceeuee kee en heg<he
Yeer Deehekes neLeeW ceW nw Fmes he{kej Fmekeer megievOe kees ueskej Deehe Deheves hegCe
keer Je=ef kejW~
emlegle hegmleke eewyeerme leerLe&bkej'' hetpe ceeleepeer kes ienve DeOeeve
kee heefleHeue nw~ cenehegjeCe, GllejhegjeCe, nefjJebMehegjeCe, ceneJeerjhegjeCe,
efleueeseheCCeefle Deeefo evLeeW kee mJeeOeee kejkes hetpe ceeleepeer ves GmeceW mes
meej efvekeeuekej Fme hegmleke keer jevee keer nw Deepe ye[s-ye[s hegjeCeevLeeW kees
he{ves kes efueS efkemeer kes heeme mecee veneR nw Dele: meYeer kes efueS en hegmleke
kegbpeer kes meceeve nw~
efee hee"keeW! hejce hetpe YeieJeeve $e+<eYeosJe mes ueskej ceneJeerj mJeeceer
hee&vle eewyeermeeW leerLe&bkej eleske pewve kes efueS hejceejeOe nQ Deewj Fvekee
Fefleneme Yeer hejceheeJeve DeeoMeeX mes meceefvJele nw~
keCeemeeiej, meJe&%e, Jeerlejeie, efnleesheoseer, ceneceefnceeMeeueer leerLe&bkejeW
kee heefjee osves Jeeueer mejue SJeb ueIeg hegmleke kee efnvoer Yee<ee cess efveleevle
DeYeeJe Lee~ Ssmes hejceeJeMeke keee& keer hetefle& ieefCeveerhecegKe eer %eeveceleer
ceeleepeer ves keer nw~
hetpe ceeleepeer Fmeer hekeej ncesee hee"keeW kees veF& efoee heoeve kejleer jnW
ener JeerjheYeg mes cebbieuekeecevee nw~ hee"keieCe Fme hegmleke kees mJeeb he{W SJeb otmejeW
kees Yeer Fmekes cenlJe mes heefjefele kejeJeW ener Fmekeer meeLe&kelee nesieer~
leerLe&bkej $e+<eYeosJe lehemLeueer heeeie efoiecyej pewve leerLe& hej hejcehetpe
ieefCeveerhecegKe eer %eeveceleer ceeleepeer kes heLece eelegc ee&me kes Gheue#e ceW
oerheeJeueer heJe& kes egYe DeJemej hej ekeeeMele Fme hegmleke kes hekeeeve ceW
eerceleer efmevOeg mes" Oe.he. eer ceevet mes"-cegbyeF& (cene.) ves %eeveoeve mJehe
Dehevee DeeefLe&ke meneesie eoeve efkeee SleoLe& mebmLeeve Gvekee DeeYeejer nw~

-ye. keg. meeefjkee pewve (mebIemLe)

Deepe kes Fme Deefle DeeOegefveke egie ceW efpeme hekeej mes heleske ess
yees kees Gmekee veece, Gmekes cecceer, heehee, oeoer, yegDee, eeee, ceewmeer
Deeefo kes veece, cekeeve veb., ieueer veb., Iej kee sueerHeesve veb., iee[er veb.
Deeefo meye keg FmeefueS efmeKee efoee peelee nw leeefke yeee eefo keneR Kees
peees lees keesF& Yeer meppeve heg<e Gmemes meejer peevekeeefjeeB ueskej Gmes
Gmekes Iej leke hengBee mekes~ Gmeer hekeej eefo pewvekegue ceW pevce uesves Jeeues
yeeeW kees heejcYe mes ner eewyeerme YeieJeeve kes veece, Gvekes efevn, Gvekeer
Deeeg, Gvekee pevcemLeeve, pevceefleefLe, efveJee&CemLeeve, efveJee&CeefleefLe, ceeleeefhelee kes veece Deeefo efmeKee efoes peeSB lees FmeceW keesF& eke veneR efke eefo
keYeer Jen Fme mebmeej ceeie& ceW Yeke peeSiee lees Fve YeieJevleeW kes veece
Deeefo mcejCe kej Deheves ievleJemLeue-mJeie&, cees#e leke Deemeeveer mes hengBe
mekelee nw~
hetpe ieefCeveerhecegKe eer %eeveceleer ceeleepeer ves Fmeer GsMe mes eewyeerme
leerLe&bkej'' veeceke Fme hegmleke ceW egieeefoheg<e YeieJeeve $e+<eYeosJe mes ueskej
Debeflece leerLe&bkej YeieJeeve ceneJeerj mJeeceer leke eewyeermeeW leerLe&bkejeW kee
mebef#ehle SJeb meejieefYe&le peerJeve heefjee uesKeveerye efkeee nw~ Fmes
meejieefYe&le'' FmeefueS kene ieee keeeWefke Fleves kece eyoeW ceW heleske
leerLe&bkejeW kes hebekeueeCeke keer efleefLeeeb, hebekeueeCeke mLeeve, ceelee kes
veece, Jewjeie kee keejCe, Deeefo meeje Fefleneme FmeceW meceeefJe nw~
Fmekeess he{ves kes yeeo leerLe&bkejeW kes peerJeve mes mebyebefOele keesF& Yeer efJe<ee
Detlee veneR jn peelee nw~
es lees nce meYeer cenmetme kejles nQ efke es leerLe&bkej ner De%eeve Deewj
efceLeelJe mes Deeeefole SJeb efnbmeeefo heeheeW mes heeref[le peiele ceW oe&ve, %eeve
Deewj eeefj$e kee Deeueeske Hewueeles nQ, og:Keer peerJeeW kee Gej kejves ceW hetCe&
meceLe& nesles nQ FmeefueS peneB Yeer Fvekes ieYe&, pevce, lehe, %eeve Deewj

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efveJee&CekeueeCeke nesles nQ Jes meye mLeeve Yeer hejce hetpe leerLe&mLeeve nes
peeles nQ Gve mLeeveeW kes oe&ve-Jevove mes Demeerce hegCe kee mebee neslee nw~
YeieJeeve ceneJeerj mJeeceer kes Jele&ceeve eemeve ceW hetpe ceeleepeer ner
Ske Ssmeer ceefnueejlve meeOJeer nQ efpevneWves Deheveer eg-heemegke uesKeveer mes
1-2 veneR, 250 mes DeefOeke evLeeW keer jevee keer nw~ Gmemes Yeer DeefOeke
efJees<e yeele en nw efke Gvekes eje efueefKele efkemeer Yeer ess ee ye[s evLe
ceW Ske Yeer eyo DeeieceefJe veneR heehle neslee nw~ Fmeer eb=Keuee ceW veF&
ke[er kes he ceW jeer ieF& Fme hegmleke ceW Jele&ceeve eewyeerme leerLe&bkejeW keer
mecemle %eeleJe yeeleeW kee heeceeefCeke evLeeW kes DeeOeej hej ye[s heefjece mes
meben efkeee ieee nw keeeWefke hetpe ceeleepeer keer ncesee Ske ner YeeJevee
jnleer nw efke efkeme hekeej cebw YeJeheeefCeeeW kees Deeiece ceW JeefCe&le JeemleefJeke
leLeeW mes heefjefele keje meketB~ Jele&ceeve keer ner yeele ueerefpeS Deepe keg
DeeOegefveke efJeeveeW eje Jeweeueer kees YeieJeeve ceneJeerj mJeeceer keer pevceYetefce
yeleeee pee jne nw pees efke efoiecyej pewve eem$eeW mes meJe&Lee efJe nw~
Jeweeueer lees YeieJeeve ceneJeerj keer veefveneue nw Deewj leerLe&bkej kes pevce uesves
kes 15 ceefnves hetJe& mes pevce uesves leke kegyesj ceelee kes Deebieve ceW jlveeW keer
Je=ef kejlee nw ve efke veevee kes Iej ceW~ Dele: meYeer kees kegC[uehegj veiejer
ner YeieJeeve ceneJeerj keer pevceYetefce ceevevee eeefnS~
JeemleJe ceW hetpe ceeleepeer eje efkeee ieee heleske keee& Deeiecemeccele
SJeb Deueewefkeke neslee nw~ efkemeer ves "erke ner kene nw-hele#e kees heceeCe
keer DeeJeMekelee veneR nesleer nw~'' DeLee&led peye Deehe Fme hegmleke kees
Deeeesheevle he{Wies lees Deehe mJeeb cenmetme kejWies efke FmeceW mes Ssmeer efkeleveer
yeeleW nQ pees nceves Deepe leke megveer ner veneR Leer~ pewmes eewyeerme leerLe&bkejeW kes
heefjee kes meeLe ner leerLe&bkejeW kes ejerj kee JeCe&, Jebe, kesJeue%eeve Glheeflle
kes mLeeve, cegefkeleheeefhle kes Deemeve Deeefo kee JeCe&ve kejkes hetpe ceeleepeer
ves Fme hegmleke kees meJeexheeesieer yevee efoee nw~
YeieJeeve ceneJeerj kes efveJee&Ce peeves kes yeeo jepehejcheje kewmes
eueleer jner Deewj Deye Deeies kewmes euesieer? Deeves Jeeuee "e keeue kewmes
heejcYe nesiee? Gmekee meceeheve kewmes nesiee? eneB leke keer meejer yeeleW

efueKe osvee hetpe ceeleepeer kes Demeerce heefjecehetJe&ke Deefpe&le efkees iees
%eeve kee heefjeeeke nw~
hegmleke kes Devle ceW ieejn Debie, eewonhetJe&, eejeW DevegeesieeW kee
JeCe&ve leLee elegLe&keeue ceW nesves Jeeues 24 leerLe&bkejeWs kes meeLe-meeLe 12
eeJeleea, 9 yeueYeo, 9 veejeeCe, 9 heefleveejeeCe Ssmes $esme" eueekee
heg<eeW kee JeCe&ve nw leLee efkeve leerLe&bkejeW kes mecee ceW, efkeleves mecee leke
Oece& keer Jegefeflle ngF& en efueKeles ngS hetpe ceeleepeer ves kegoeve-efceLee
oeve keer heLee keye, keneB Deewj efkemekes eje heejYe ngF&, Fme yeejs ceW
yeleeee nw~
Devle ceW 2600JeW pevcekeueeCeke ceneslmeJe kes egYeDeJemej hej
eewyeermeJeW leerLe&bkej YeieJeeve ceneJeerj mJeeceer kes eerejCeeW ceW ener heeLe&vee
nw efke hetpe ceeleepeer efejeeg neskej Fmeer hekeej Deheves %eeveheer Dece=le mes
YeJepeerJeeW kees DeefYeefmebefele kejleer jnW~
hee"keieCe Fme hegmleke kes eje Deheves %eeve keer Je=ef kejW leLee meYeer
kes efelle ceW eewyeerme leerLe&bkejeW kes heefle Demeerce ee kee heJeen DeveJejle
heJeeefnle neslee jns, ener cebieue keecevee nw~

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je^ieewjJe, ieefCeveerecegKe, Deeefe&keeefMejesceefCe

jevee hetpe ceeleepeer ves Deheveer uesKeveer eje keer nw~ meved 1995 ceW [e@. jece
ceveesnj ueesefnee DeJeOe efJeeefJeeeuee (hewpeeyeeo) ves hetpe ceeleepeer keer
efJeje %eeve meeOevee kees osKekej pewve Fefleneme ceW eLece yeej efkemeer meeOJeer
kees [er.efued. keer ceeveod GheeefOe eoeve keer~ hegve: Fmekes Ghejeble 8 Deewue
2012 kees hetpe ceeleepeer kes 57JeW Deeefe&kee oer#ee efoJeme kes DeJemej hej
leerLekej ceneJeerj efJeeefJeeeuee, cegjeoeyeeo ceW efJeeefJeeeuee kee eLece
efJeMes<e oer#eeble meceejesn Deeeesefpele kejkes efJeeefJeeeuee eje hetpe ceeleepeer
kes kejkeceueeW [er.efued. keer ceeveo GheeefOe eoeve keer ieF&~
kece&"lee, {mebkeuhe, DevegMeemeve kes meeLe-meeLe Jeelmeue keer eefleefyecye
hetpe ceeleepeer keer esjCee mes keewjJeeW-heeC[JeeW keer jepeOeeveer nefmleveehegj (cesj"G.e.) ceW pewve Yetieesue keer Deefleere jevee-pecyeterhe kee efvecee&Ce ngDee nw~
eLece leerLekej YeieJeeve $e+<eYeosJe keer oer#ee SJeb kesJeue%eeve keueeCeke
Yetefce-eeeie (Fueeneyeeo) ceW leerLekej $e+<eYeosJe lehemLeueer leerLe& kee YeJe
efvecee&Ce Yeer hetpe ceeleepeer keer me=peveMeefe kee ner megvoj eefleheue nw~ Fmeer
ekeej YeieJeeve ceneJeerj pevceYetefce-kegC[uehegj (veeueboe) ceW vebeeJele& cenue
leerLe& kee YeJe efvecee&Ce hetpe ceeleepeer keer esjCee SJeb memebIe meeefveOe ceW cee$e
22 ceen kes Deuhe Devlejeue ceW ngDee nw~
2600 Je<e& hetJe& kegC[uehegj (veeueboe) keer pees Oejleer Deefnbmee kes DeJeleej
YeieJeeve ceneJeerj kes pevcekeueeCeke mes ceneve Glmeen SJeb n<e& kees eehle ngF& Leer
Jen keeue kes Lehes[eW mes Yeues ner efJemce=le pewmeer nes ieeer nes, hejvleg pewve meceepe kes
eeuegDeeW kee JeneB peevee ncesMee mes peejer jne Deewj Deye hetpe %eeveceleer
ceeleepeer kes ceneve Ghekeej mJehe en pevceYetefce hegve: Fme ekeej peieceiee G"er
nw efke Deeves Jeeuee YeefJe<e meowJe Fmekeer eceke mes eYeeefJele jnsiee~
hetpe ceeleepeer keer esjCee mes pecyeterhe %eevepeesefle (1982) SJeb YeieJeeve
$e+<eYeosJe meceJemejCe eerefJenej jLe (1998) kee osMeJeeheer eJele&ve mecheVe
ngDee SJeb kegC[uehegj mes eJeefle&le YeieJeeve ceneJeerj peesefle jLe (2003) kee
eJele&ve meheueleehetJe&ke mecheVe ngDee nw~ Fve jLeeW kes eje mechetCe& Yeejle ceW
Deefnbmeeceeer efmeevleeW keer Jeeheke eYeeJevee ngF&~
Mew#eefCeke #es$e ceW Deveskeeveske je^ere SJeb Debleje&^ere mebieesefeeBmesefceveej Fleeefo hetpe ceeleepeer keer esjCee eje mecee-mecee hej mecheVe ngS
nQ leLee Deepe Yeer nes jns nQ~ hetpe ceeleepeer kes efJeje JeefelJe kee DeefYevebove

eer %eeveceleer ceeleepeer kee mebef#ehle-heefjee

-e%eeeceCeer Deeefe&kee evoveeceleer
Yeejle keer JemegvOeje meowJe mes lehemee, leeie SJeb mebece keer Yetefce jner nw~
YeieJeeve $e+<eYeosJe, jece, ceneJeerj keer en Yetefce Deepe Yeer Ssmes ceneve JeefelJeeW
mes megMeesefYele nw efke pees Deheves peerJeve ceW ner Ssefleneefmeke yeve peeles nQ~
Ssmee ner Ske ceneve JeefelJe nw-Jele&ceeve efoiecyej pewve meceepe keer
meyemes eeeerve oeref#ele meeOJeer-hetpe ieefCeveerecegKe eer %eeveceleer ceeleepeer~ meved
1934 ceW MejohetefCe&cee kes efove efpeuee yeejeyebkeer (G.e.) kes efkewleveiej eece
ceW ceelee ceesefnveer SJeb efhelee eer essueeue pewve kes oechele peerJeve kes eLece
heg<he kes he ceW keveejlve cewvee kee pevce ngDee~ eser meer Deeeg mes ner Deheveer
ceeB keer esjCeeJeMe pewve ebLeeW kes mJeeOeee eje Fme yeeefuekee ves Deheves
Jewjeie kees YeueerYeeBefle { kej efueee Deewj 18 Je<e& keer Deuhe Deeeg ceW
MejohetefCe&cee kes efove ner heefjJeej kes eyeue efJejesOe kes yeeJepeto Yeer Deepevce
yeeee&ele SJeb ie=nleeie kes keef"ve efveece OeejCe kej efuees~ meved 1953 ceW
eer ceneJeerj peer (jepe.) DeefleMee #es$e hej Deeeee&jlve eer osMeYet<eCe peer
cenejepe mes Deeheves #egefuuekee oer#ee ueskej Jeerjceleer veece eehle efkeee~ hegve:
1956 ceW yeermeJeeR meoer kes eLece Deeeee& eeefj$eeeJeleea eer Meebeflemeeiej peer
cenejepe keer Dee%eevegmeej Gvekes eLece heeOeerMe efMe<e Deeeee&eer Jeerjmeeiej
peer cenejepe mes ceeOeesjepehegje (jepe.) ceW Deeheves Deeefe&kee oer#ee ueskej
%eeveceleer veece eehle efkeee~ %eeve eeefhle nsleg DeOeeve-DeOeeheve SJeb mJeeOeee
kes eefle Deehekeer efJeMes<e DeefYeefe osKekej ner iegJej ves Deehekees en veece
eoeve efkeee Lee~ oer#ee kes eejbefYeke Je<eeX ceW Deeheves meJe&eLece mebmke=le JeekejCe
SJeb pewve Deeiece kee leuemheMeea %eeve eehle efkeee leLee meeLe ner meneveece
ceb$eeW keer jeveehetJe&ke Deheveer uesKeveer kee MegYeejbYe Yeer kej efoee~
60 Je<eeX mes meeOeveejle Fve ceneve meeOJeer ves Deye leke 250 mes Yeer
DeefOeke iebLeeW kee me=peve efkeee nw~ mebmke=le, efnvoer, eeke=le, keVe[ Fleeefo
Yee<eeDeeW keer ekeeC[ efJeog<eer hetpe ceeleepeer keer keeJe eefleYee Yeer Deefleere
nw~ efpevesv Yeefe kes jme mes Yejs ngS ve peeves efkeleves ner hetpeve-efJeOeeveeW keer

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kejves kes efueS meceepe ves GvnW mecee-mecee hej egieeJeefle&kee, eeefj$eeefvkee,
veee eYeekej, Deeefe&keejlve, ieefCeveerecegKe, egieveeefekee, je^ieewjJe,
efJeeefJeYetefle, JeeiosJeer, YeejleYet<eCe pewmeer GheeefOeeeW mes mecceeefvele kejkes
mJeeb kees ieewjJeeefvJele DevegYeJe efkeee nw~ Jele&ceeve ceW ceneje^ eevle kes
ceebieerlegbieer heJe&le hej efJee keer meyemes TBeer 108 heg Gegbie YeieJeeve $e+<eYeosJe
keer eeflecee kee efvecee&Ce hetpe ceeleepeer keer esjCee mes nes jne nw~
24 Iebs ceW Ske yeej Deenej ueskej, kesMeueesbe SJeb heoefJenej pewmeer
keef"ve meeOevee kejles ngS yeeee& SJeb eeefj$e kes lespe kees meJe&$e efyeKesjves
Jeeueer hetpe %eeveceleer ceeleepeer Yeejleere mebmke=efle keer ceneve Oejesnj nQ,
efpevneWves 15 Deewue 2006 kees Deheveer Deeefe&kee oer#ee kes 50 Je<eeX kees hetCe&
efkeee nw~ 21 efomecyej 2008 kees pecyeterhe-nefmleveehegj ceW hetpe ceeleepeer keer
esjCee mes Deeeesefpele efJeeMeebefle Deefnbmee meccesueve kee GodIeeve Yeejle keer
eLece ceefnuee je^heefle eerceleer eefleYee osJeerefmebn heeerue kes kejkeceueeW mes
ngDee Deewj meved 2009 MeebefleJe<e& kes he ceW Ieesef<ele ngDee~ je^heefle peer ves
pecyeterhe-nefmleveehegj ceW heOeejkej hetpe ceeleepeer kee DeeMeerJee&o eehle efkeee~
oerIe&keeueerve leheefmJeveer Ssmeer hetpeveeree ceeleepeer ves meved 2009 ceW
Deheves peerJeve kes 75 Je<e& hetCe& efkeS efpemes meved 2008 mes 2009 leke je^ere
mlej hej nerjke peebleer ceneslmeJe Je<e& kes he ceW ceveeee ieee~
JeemleJe ceW Deepe kes keefuekeeue ceW Yeer DeeOeeeflceke %eeve, eeefj$e,
meeOevee SJeb cees#eheLe kees meekeej kejves Jeeues iegDeeW kee efpelevee DeefYevebove
efkeee peees, Glevee kece nw~ pees efyevee keg kens Deheveer cege eje ner Meebefle,
mebece, meoeeej kee GheosMe osles nQ Ssmes meeOeg Fme Yeejle JemegvOeje keer Meeve nQ
Deewj nce pewmes pees Yeer eeCeerieCe hejcemeewYeeie mes Gvekes ejCeeW ceW Deeee
eehle kej uesles nQb, Jes Yeer Deheves peerJeve kees mener DeLeeX ceW meeLe&ke kej uesles nQ~
Ssmes elegceg&Keer eefleYee keer Oeveer hetpe ceeleepeer kes eerejCeeW ceW YeeJeYeervee
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mes meved 1982 ceW efouueer mes mJe. eOeeveceb$eer eerceleer Fbbefoje ieebOeer eje
GodIeeefle pecyeterhe %eevepeesefle jLe kee 1045 efoveeW leke mechetCe& Yeejle
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( 11 )

( 12 )

JeneR YeieJeeve ceneJeerj pevceYetefce kegC[uehegj (veeueboe) mes ceneceefnce jepeheeue

efyenej eevle eje eJeefle&le YeieJeeve ceneJeerj peesefle jLe kes Yeejle
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l "qks
. kk FkkA QkYxq
u ' kq
Dyk v"Vehdsfnu] e`xf' kj ku{k= es
aj kuh
usi w
oks
DR
Z
k vgfeUnzdksxHkZes
a/kkj .k fd; k vkS
j dkfrZ
d ' kq
Dyk
i kS
. kZ
ekl h dsfnu e`xf' kj k u{k= es
arhu Kku/kkj h i q
= dkst Ue
fn; kAbUnzusi w
oks
Dr fof/kl sxHkZ
Z
dY; k.kd euk; k Fkk] ml l e;
t Ueks
R
l o dj ds^l a
HkoukFk* ; g uke j [ kkAbudhvk; ql kB yk[ k
iw
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vuq
Hko dj rsgq
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oZvkS
j pkj i w
ok
xO
; rhr

30

pkS
chl rhFkZ
a
dj

gkspq
dsrc fdl hfnu es
?kks
adk foHkz
e ns
[ kusl smUgs
avkR
eKku
iz
kIr gksx; kA rc Hkxoku ns
oks
a} kj k ykbZxbZ^fl ) kFkZ
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es
acS
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rq
d ou es
a ' kkYeyho`{kdsuhpst kdj , d gt kj
j kt kvks
adsl kFknhf{kr gksx; s
AHkxoku dhi z
Fke i kj .kkdkykHk
JkoLrhdsj kt k l q
js
Unz
nk usi z
kIr fd; k FkkA l a
HkoukFk Hkxoku
pkS
ng o"kZr d Nn~
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u l sr i ' pj .k dj rsgq
,
nh{kk ou esa' kkYeyh o`{k dsuhpsdkfrZ
d d`".k prq
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l eol j .kesapk#"ks.kvkfn , d l kSi kp x.k/kj Fks
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fu]
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; kZvkfn rhu yk[ k chl gt kj vkf; Z
dk; sa
] rhu yk[ k Jkod]
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] vl a
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j la
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p FksA
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pS
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; kZ
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iz
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or~
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4- rhFkZ
a
dj vfHkuUnuukFk
t Ecw
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= esal hrk unhdsnf{k.k r V i j
, d ea
xykor h ns
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p; uxj esaegkcy j kt k
j gr kFkkAfdl hfnu foj gks
dj foeyokgu xq
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ys
dj X; kj g va
x dk i Bu dj dsl ksygdkj .k Hkkoukvksadk
fpUr ou fd; k] r hFk
dj i zd`fr dk ca
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l ekf/kej .ki w
oZ
d fot ; uke dsvuq
kj foeku esar s
r hl l kxj
vk; qokyk vgfeUnznso gksx; kA
ia
pdY; k.kd oS
Hko&
bl h t Ecw
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= esav; ks/; k uxj h ds Lokeh
b{okdq
oa
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oj * uke ds j kt k Fks mudh

ohj Kkuks
n; xz
UFkekyk

31

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* egkj kuhFkhAekrk usoS
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vgfeUnzdksxHkZes
a/kkj .k fd; k vkS
j ek?k ' kq
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oks
al fgr es
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r ij
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R
l o euk; k vkS
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a
i x; s
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yk[ k i w
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l k<+
sckj g yk[ k i w
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kIr gq
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ok
x
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aes
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rk
ns
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dj ek?k' kq
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eq
fu] es
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a
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[ ; krks
ans
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la
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32

pkS
chl rhFkZ
a
dj

5- rhFk
dj l q
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aes
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r l si w
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=
es
al hrk unhdsmkj rV i j i q
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' k gS
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iq
a
Mjhfd.khuxj hes
aj fr"ks
. k uke dk j kt k FkkA fdl hfnu j kt k
foj Dr gks
dj vi uk j kT; vfrj Fk usi q
= dksns
dj vgZ
UuUnu
ft us
Unzdsl ehi nh{kk ys
dj X;kj g va
xka
sdk v/; ; u fd; k vkS
j
n' kZ
ufo' kq
f) vkfn dkj .kksal s rhFk
dj i z
d`fr dk ca
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oS
t ; Ur foeku es
avgfeUnzi n i z
kIr fd; kA
ia
pdY; k.kd oS
Hko&
oS
t ; Ur foeku l sP; q
r gks
dj og vgfeUnzbl hHkj r {ks
= ds
v; ks
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?kj Fk dhj kuhea
xykorhdsxHkZes
avk; k og fnu
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= ekg dh' kq
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dsfnu ekrkusl q
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nhuoeh
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kr%
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rq
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fi z
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kIr
fd; kAbudhl Hkkes
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eq
fu] vuUrerhvkfn rhu yk[ krhl gt kj vkf; Z
dk; s
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] rhu yk[ k
Jkod vkS
j i kp yk[ kJkfodk; s
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nkpy
i j i gq
pdj , d ekg rd i z
frek; ks
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dj pS
= ' kq
Dyk
, dkn' khdsfnu e?kku{k= es
a' kke dsl e; fuokZ
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kIr fd; kAl kj s
ia
pdY; k.kd egks
R
l o vkfn i w
oZ
or~l e>ukA

6- rhFk
dj i n~
ei z
Hkns
o
/kkrdh[ka
M} hi dsi w
oZfons
g {ks
= es
al hrkunhdsnf{k.k rV
i j oR
l ns
' k gS
A ml dsl q
l hek uxj dsvf/ki fr vi j kft r Fks
A
fdl hfnu Hkks
xks
al sfoj Dr gks
dj fi fgrko ft us
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xks
adk v/; ; u dj rhFk
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d`fr dk

ohj Kkuks
n; xz
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33

ca
/k fd; kA vUr es
a/oZxz
os
S
; d dsi z
hfra
dj foeku es
avgfeUnz
iniz
kIr fd; kA
ia
pdY; k.kd oS
Hko&
bl h t Ecw
} hi dh dkS
' kkEch uxj h es
a/kj .k egkj kt dh
l lqhek j kuhusek?kd`".k "k"Bhdsfnu m vgfeUnzdksxHkZes
a
/kkj .k fd; kA dkfrZ
d d`".k =; ks
n' kh dsfnu i q
=j R
u dksmR
i Uu
fd; kA bUnz
ks
aust Ueks
R
l o dsckn mudk uke ^i n~
ei z
Hk* j [ kkA
fdl h l e; nj okt si j ca
/ksgq
, gkFkh dh n' kk l q
uusl smUgsa
vi usi w
oZHkoksadk Kku gksx; k ft l l sHkxoku dksoS
j kX; gks
x; kA osns
oks
a} kj k ykbZxbZ^fuo`fk* uke dh i kydh i j cS
B
euksgj uke dsou es
ax; svkS
j dkfr Z
d d`".k =; ksn' khdsfnu
nh{kk ysyhA Ng ekl Nn~
eLFk voLFkk dsO
; r hr gkst kusi j
pS
= ' kq
Dyk i w
f.kZ
ek dsfnu e/; k esads
oyKku i zdV gksx; kA
cgq
r dky r d HkO
; ksadks/keksZ
i ns
' knsdj QkYxq
u d`".kprq
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fnu l Eesnkpy l seks
{k dksi zkIr dj fy; kA

7- rhFk
dj l q
i k'oZ
ukFk
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g es
al hrkunhdsmkj rV i j l q
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j uxj es
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xq
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xks
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ufo' kq
f)
vkfn Hkkoukvks
a} kj k rhFk
dj i z
d`fr dk cU/k dj fy; kA l U;kl
l sej .k dj e/; e xS
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a
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x; sA vuUrj T; s
"B ' kq
Dyk } kn' kh dsfnu ml vgfeUnzi q
= dks

34

pkS
chl rhFkZ
a
dj

mR
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R
l o dsckn l q
i k'oZ
ukFkuke j [ kkAl Hkh
rhFk
dj ksadksvi uhvk; qdsi z
kjfEHkd vkB o"kZdsckn ns
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; e gks
t krk gS
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xfr* i kydhi j cS
Bdj
l gsrq
d ou esat kdj T; s
"B ' kq
Dy } kn' khdsfnu os
yk dk fu; e
ys
dj , d gt kj j kt kvksadsl kFknhf{kr gksx; sAl kse[ ks
V uxj ds
egsUnznk j kt k us Hkxoku dks i zFke vkgkjnku fn; kA Nn~
eLFk
voLFkkdsukSo"kZO
; rhr dj QkYxq
u d`".k"k"Bhdsfnu ds
oyKku
iz
kIr fd; kA vk; qvUr ds, d ekg i gysl Eesnf' k[ kj i j t kdj
, d ekg dki zfrek; ks
x ysdj QkYxq
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; ksZ
n;
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A

8- rhFk
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iz
Hkns
o
bl e/; yks
d dsi q
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ai w
oZes
# dsi f' pe dhvks
j fons
g
{ks
= es
al hrks
nkunhdsmkj rVi j , d ^l q
xfU/k* uke dkns
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Aml
ns
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aJhiq
j uke dkuxj gS
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abUnzdsl eku dka
fr dk
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rk
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j vk"Vkfdh
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oZ
d
xHkZ
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u%uoekl dsckn i q
= dkst Ue fn; kAcgq
r fo' ks
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mR
l o dsl kFkml dkuke ^JhoekZ
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fdl h l e; ^Jhin~
e* ft uj kt l s/keks
i ns
Z
' k dksxz
g.k dj
j kt k Jh"ks
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= dksj kT; ns
dj nhf{kr gksx; kA, d l e; j kt k
JhoekZHkhvk"kk<+ekl dhi w
f.kZ
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t kegks
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l o dj ds
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[ kdj foj Dr gks
dj Jhiz
Hk ft us
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ohj Kkuks
n; xz
UFkekyk

35

ys
dj Jhiz
Hk i oZ
r i j l U;kl ej .k dj dsi z
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aJhiz
Hk
foeku es
aJh/kj uke dk ns
o gksx; kA
/kkrdh[ka
M} hi dhi w
oZfn' kk es
at ksb"okdkj i oZ
r gSml ds
nf{k.kdhvks
j Hkj r {ks
= es
a, d ^vydk* ns
' kgS
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av; ks
/; k
uxj gSml uxj dsvft ra
t ; j kt kdhvft rl s
ukj kuhusfdl h
l e; mke LoIu ns
[ ksvkS
j uoekl ckn Jh/kj ns
o dkst Ue
fn; kA ml dk uke ^vft rl s
u* j [ kk x; kA i q
. ; ds mn; l s
vft rl s
u usporhZdspj R
u vkS
j oS
Hko dksi z
kIr dj fy; kA
J) k vkfn xq
. kks
al sl EiUu j kt k usfdl hl e; , d ekl dk
miokl dj usokysvfj Une l k/kqdksvkgkj nku ns
dj egku i q
.;
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l j sfnu og j kt kxq
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dsfy, euks
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us
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apUnz
iq
j uxj dsegkl s
u j kt kdhy{e.kk

36

pkS
chl rhFkZ
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dj

egkns
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uks
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= d`".ki a
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v kAfdl hl e; ni Z
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ns
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vk
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es
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u d`".k l Ir ehdsfnu dsoyKku dks
iz
kIr gksx; s
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ns
' kgSml dhi q
. Mjhfd.khuxj hesaegki n~
e uke dkj kt kj kT;
dj r kFkkAfdl hfnu Hkw
r fgr ft uj kt dhoa
nukdj ds/keksZ
i ns
'k
lq
udj foj Dr euk j kt k nhf{kr gksx; kA X;kj g va
x: i hl eq
nz
dk i kj xkehgks
dj l ksygdkj .k Hkkoukvks
al srhFk
dj i zd`fr dk
ca
/k dj fy; k vkS
j l ekf/kej .k dsi z
Hkko l si z
k.kr LoxZdk bUnz
gksx; kA
ia
pdY; k.kd oS
Hko&
bl t Ecw
} hi dsHkj r {ks
= dh dkdUnh uxj h es
ab{okdq
oa
' kh; dk'; i xks
=h; l q
xz
ho uke dk {kf=; j kt k Fkk] mudh
t ; j kekuke dhi j kuhFkhAmUgks
a
usQkYxq
u d`".kuoehdsfnu
^i z
k.krs
Unz
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a/kkj .kfd; kvkS
j ekxZ
' kh"kZ' kq
Dyki z
fri nkds

ohj Kkuks
n; xz
UFkekyk

37

fnu i q
= dkst Ue fn; kAbUnzusckyd dk uke ^i q
"i nUr* j [ kkA
i "qi nUrukFk j kT; dj rsgq
, , d fnu mYdki kr l sfoj fDr dks
iz
kIr gq
, rHkhykS
dkfUrd ns
oks
al sLrq
R
; Hkxoku bUnzds} kj kykbZ
xbZ^l w
;Z
iz
Hkk* i kydhes
acS
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nhi z
fri nkdksnhf{kr gks
x; s
A ' kS
yi q
j uxj dsi q
"i fe= j kt k usHkxoku dksi F
zke vkgkj
nku fn; k FkkA Nn~
eLFk voLFkk dspkj o"kZdsckn ukx o`{k ds
uhpsfoj kt eku Hkxoku dksdkfrZ
d ' kq
Dy f} rh; kdsfnu ds
oyKku
iz
kIr gksx; kA vk; Z
ns
' k es
afogkj dj /keks
i ns
Z
' k ns
r sgq
, Hkxoku
vUr es
al Ees
nf' k[ kj i gq
pdj Hkknz
i n ' kq
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deZl seq
fDr dksi z
kIr gksx; s
A

10- rhFk
dj ' khryukFk
iq
"dj oj } hi dsi w
okZ
/kZHkkx es
aes
# i oZ
r dsi w
oZfons
g es
a
l hrk unhdsnf{k.k rV i j ^oR
l * uke dk , d ns
' k gS
] ml ds
l lqhek uxj es
ai n~
exq
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cl Ur _rqdh' kks
Hkkl ekIr gks
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j kX; gksx; k
vkS
j vkuUn uked eq
fuj kt dsi kl nh{kk ys
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= rd
va
xks
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dj i z
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uked LoxZes
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ia
pdY; k.kd oS
Hko&
bl t Ecw
} hi dsHkj r {ks
= es
aey; ns
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iq
j uxj dk
Lokeh n`<+
j Fk j kT; dj rk Fkk] ml dh egkj kuh dk uke l q
uUnk
FkkAj kuhl q
uUnk uspS
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Unzdks
xHkZes
a/kkj .k fd; k , oaek?k ' kq
Dy } kn' kh ds fnu Hkxoku
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gq
, {k.kHkj es
ai kys dsl ew
g
dq
gj kdksu"V gq
v k ns
[ kdj
j kT; Hkkj vi usi q
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a
i dj ns
oks
a} kj kykbZxbZ^' k
qi z
Hkk* uke
dhi kydhi j cS
Bdj l gs
rq
d ou es
ai gq
a
psvkS
j ek?kd`".k} kn' kh

38

pkS
chl rhFkZ
a
dj

dsfnu Lo; anhf{kr gksx; s

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uoZ
l qj kt kusmUgs
a
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eLFk voLFkkdsrhu
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"kd`".kprq
nZ
' khdsfnu cs
y o`{kdsuhpsds
oyKku
dksi z
kIr dj fy; kAvUr es
al Ees
nf' k[ kj i gq
p dj , d ekg dk
; ks
x fuj ks
/k dj vkf' ou ' kq
Dyk v"Veh dsfnu deZ' k=q
v ks
adks
u"V dj eq
fDri n dksi z
kIr gksx; s
A

11- rhFk
dj Js
; ka
l ukFk
iq
"dj k/kZ} hi l EcU/khi w
oZfons
g {ks
= dsl q
dPN ns
' kes
al hrk
unh dsmkj rV i j {ks
ei q
j uke dk uxj gS
A ml es
aufyui z
Hk
uke dkj kt kj kT; dj rkFkkA, d l e; l gkez
ou es
aJhvuUr
ft usUnz i /kkj s
A muds /keks
i ns
Z
' k l s foj Dr euk j kt k cgq
r ls
j kt kvks
adsl kFk nhf{kr gksx; kA X;kj g va
xks
adk v/; ; u fd; k
vkS
j rhFk
dj i z
d`fr dk ca
/k dj dsl ekf/kej .ki w
oZ
d vP; q
r LoxZ
dsi q
"i ks
kj foeku es
avP; q
r uke dk bUnzgq
v kA
ia
pdY; k.kd oS
Hko&
bl h t Ecw
} hi ds Hkj r {ks
= es
afl a
gi q
j uxj dk Lokeh
b{okdq
oa
' k l si z
fl ) ^fo".kq
* uke dk j kt k j kT; dj rk FkkA
ml dh oYyHkk dk uke l q
uUnk FkkA T; s
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aml vP; q
rs
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ai z
os
' k fd; kA
lq
uUnk usukSekl fcrkdj QkYxq
u d`".k , dkn' kh dsfnu rhu
Kku/kkj hHkxoku dkst Ue fn; kAbUnzusml dkuke ^Js
; ka
l ukFk*
j [ kkA fdl h l e; cl Ur _rqdk i fj orZ
u ns
[ kdj Hkxoku dks
oS
j kX; gksx; k] rnuUrj ns
oks
a} kj k mBkbZt kus; ks
X; ^foeyi z
Hkk*
i kydhi j foj kt eku gks
dj euks
gj uked m| ku es
ai gq
psvkS
j
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adsl kFk nhf{kr gks
x; s
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l j sfnu fl ) kFkZuxj dsuUn j kt kusHkxoku dks[ khj dk

ohj Kkuks
n; xz
UFkekyk

39

vkgkj fn; kA Nn~

eLFk voLFkk dsnkso"kZchr t kusi j euks
gj
uked m| ku es
arq
a
cq
# o`{k dsuhpsek?k d`".kk vekoL; k dsfnu
l k; a
dky dsl e; Hkxoku dksds
oyKku i z
xV gksx; kA /keZdk
mins
' k ns
r sgq
, l Ees
nf' k[ kj i j i gq
p dj , d ekg rd ; ks
x dk
fuj ks
/k dj dsJko.k ' kq
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f.kZ
ek dsfnu Hkxoku Js
; ka
l ukFk
fu%
Js
; l i n dksi z
kIr gksx; s
A

12- rhFk
dj okl q
iw
T; ukFk
iq
"dj k/kZ} hi dsi w
oZes
# dhvks
j l hrk unhdsnf{k.k rV
i j oR
l dkorhuke dkns
' kgS
Aml dsvfr' k; i zfl ) j R
ui q
j uxj
es
ai n~
eks
kj uke dkj kt kj kT; dj rk FkkAfdl hfnu euksgj uke
dsi oZ
r ij ;q
xU/kj ft usUnzfoj kt eku FksA i n~
eks
kj j kt k ogk
t kdj HkfDr] Lrks
=] i w
t kvkfn dj dsvuq
i sz
{kkvks
adkfpUrou dj rs
gq
, nhf{kr gksx; kA X;kjg va
xks
adk v/; ; u dj dsn' kZ
ufo' kq
f)
vkfn Hkkoukvksadhl Eifkl srhFk
dj uke deZdkcU/kdj fy; kA
ft l l segk'kq
foeku esaegk'kq
ukedk bUnzgq
v kA
ia
pdY; k.kd oS
Hko&
bl t Ecw
} hi dsHkj r {ks
= es
apEikuxj es
a^va
x* uke dkns
'k
gSft l dk j kt kol q
iw
T; FkkvkS
j j kuht ; korhFkhAvk"kk<+d`".k
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Z
a/kkj .k fd; k vkS
j
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u d`".kprq
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. ; ' kkyhi q
= dksmR
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ust Ue mR
l o dj dsi q
= dk ^okl q
iw
T; * uke j [ kkA t c dq
ekj
dky dsvBkj g yk[ k o"kZchr x; src l a
l kj l sfoj Dr gks
dj
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ns
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oks
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gks
dj euks
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ax; svkS
j QkYxq
u d`".k prq
nZ
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fnu Ng l kSfNgkj j kt kvks
adsl kFkLo; anhf{kr gksx; s
ANn~
eLFk
voLFkk dk , d o"kZchr t kusi j Hkxoku usdnEc o`{k dsuhps

40

pkS
chl rhFkZ
a
dj

cS
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Dy f} rh; kdsfnu l k; a
dky es
ads
oyKku dksi z
kIr
dj fy; kA Hkxoku cgq
r l e; rd vk; Z
[ ka
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avkdj , d o"kZrd j gs
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a, d ekg ' ks
"k
j g x; k rc ; ks
x fuj ks
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dhHkw
fe i j orZ
eku pEiki q
j huxj hes
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dksl q
' kks
fHkr dj usokyseuks
gj m| ku es
ai ; Z
a
dkl u l sfLFkr gks
dj
Hkknz
i n ' kq
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nZ
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j kuoseq
fu; ks
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fDr dks
iz
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13- rhFk
dj foeyukFk
i f' pe /kkr dh[ ka
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r l si f' pe dh vksj
l hr k unh dsnf{k.k r V i j j E; dkor h uke dk , d ns'k gS
A
ml dsegkuxj es
ai n~
el su j kt k j kT; dj rk FkkA fdl h , d
fnu j kt k i n~
el su usi z
hfra
dj ou esaLoxZ
xq
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j ; g Hkh t kuk fd ^eS
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r hFk
dj gksxkA* ml l e; ml us, slk mRlo euk; k fd ekuksa
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fi Y; uxj esaHkxoku _"kHkns
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d dsxq
#
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, d fnu Hkxoku usgs
eUr _rqes
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Hkk dksrR
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es
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ohj Kkuks
n; xz
UFkekyk

41

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rq
d ou es
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j Lo; anhf{kr
gksx; s
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,
rhu o"kZchr x; src Hkxoku nh{kkou es
at keq
u o`{k dsuhps
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dkuk'kdj ek?k' kq
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ds
oyhgksx; s
AvUr es
al Ees
nf' k[ kj i j t kdj , d ekg dk ; ks
x
fuj ks
/k dj vkB gt kj Ng l kSeq
fu; ks
adsl kFk vk"kk<+d`".k
v"Vehdsfnu fl ) i n dksi z
kIr gksx; s
A

14- rhFk
dj vuUrukFk
/kkrdh[ ka
M} hi dsi w
oZes
# l smkj dhvks
j vfj "Vi q
j uxj
es
ai n~
ej Fkj kt kj kT; dj rkFkkAfdl hfnu ml usLo; a
iz
Hkft us
Unzds
l ehi t kdj oa
nukHkfDr vkfn dj ds/keks
i ns
Z
' kl q
ukvkjSfoj Dr gks
nh{kkysyhAX;kj g va
x: i hl kxj dki kj xkehgks
dj rhFk
dj i z
d`fr
dk cU/k fd; kA vUr es
al Yys
[ kuk l sej .k dj vP; q
r LoxZds
i "qi ks
kj foeku es
abUnz
i ni z
kIr fd; kA
ia
pdY; k.kd oS
Hko&
bl t Ecw
} hi dsnf{k.kHkkj r dhv; ks
/; kuxj hes
ab{okdq
oa
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fl a
gl s
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] mudhegkj kuhdkuke t ; ' ; kek
FkkA dkfrZ
d d`".k i z
fri nk dsfnu og vP; q
rs
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a
vorh.kZgq
v kA uo ekg dsckn T; s
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=
mR
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= dk uke ^vuUrukFk* j [ kkAHkxoku dks
j kT; dj rsgq
, i Unz
g yk[ k o"kZchr x; src , d fnu mYdki kr
ns
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oks
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r i kydh
i j l okj gks
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rq
d ou es
ax; srFkk T; s
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fnu , d gt kj j kt kvks
adsl kFk nhf{kr gksx; s
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al Ees
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x fuj ks
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fu; ks
adsl kFkpS
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i j ei n dksi z
kIr dj fy; kA

42

pkS
chl rhFkZ
a
dj

15- rhFk
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ukFk
iw
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M} hi dsi w
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g {ks
= es
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l uke dkns
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l hek uke dk egkuxj gS
A
ogkai j j kt k n' kj Fk j kT; dj rk FkkA , d ckj oS
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iw
f.kZ
ekdsfnu l c yks
x mR
l o eukj gsFks
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xz
g.k
i M+
kns
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al sfoj Dr gksx; kAml us
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dj X;kj g va
xks
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pdY; k.kd oS
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= es
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ohj Kkuks
n; xz
UFkekyk

43

16- rhFk
dj ' kkfUrukFk
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t ; uke dsnkspkj .k
eq
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fd; srFkk n' k i z
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#iz
ns
' kgSml es
aj kt krFkkfl a
gufUnrknks
uks
anEikhgq
, vkS
j
vfufUnrkuke dhj kuhvk; ZrFkkl R
; Hkkekml dhL=hgq
bZbl i z
dkj
osl c ogkHkks
xHkw
fe dsl q
[ kks
adksHkks
xrsgq
, lq
[ kl sj gusyxs
A
j kt k Jh"ks
. k dk t ho Hkks
xHkw
fe l spydj l kS
/keZLoxZds
Jhiz
Hk foeku es
aJhiz
Hk uke dk ns
o gq
v kA j kuhfl a
gufUnrk dk
t ho ml hLoxZdsJhfuy; foeku es
afo| q
ri z
Hkkuke dhns
ohgq
bZ
A
lR
; Hkkek cz
k.kh vkS
j vfufUnrk uke dh j kuh dst ho e' k%

44

pkS
chl rhFkZ
a
dj

foeyi z
Hkfoeku es
a' kq
Dyi z
Hkkuke dhns
ohvkS
j foeyi z
Hkuke ds
ns
o gq
,A
fot ; k/kZdsj kt kToyut Vhdsi q
= vdZ
dhfrZFks
Aml vdZ
dhfrZ
dhT; ks
frekZ
ykj kuhl sj kt kJh"ks
. kdkt ho Jhiz
Hkfoeku l sLoxZ
es
avkdj vferrs
t uke dki q
= gq
v kgS
Afl a
gufUnrkdkt ho vfer
r st dhT; ks
fr %
i zHkk uke dhL=hgq
bZ
A ns
ohvfufUnr k dk t ho
Jhfot ; gq
v kvkS
j lR
; Hkkekdkt ho vfer rs
t dhcgu l q
r kj k
gq
v kgS
A; g vfer rs
t fo| k/kj l eLr i oks
es
amiokl dj rkFkkA
nks
uks
aJs
f.k; ks
adkvf/ki fr gks
usl sog l c fo| k/kj ks
adkj kt kFkkA
fdl h, d fnu neoj uked pkj .k _f) /kkj heq
fu dksfof/ki w
oZ
d
vkgkj nku ns
dj i a
pk'p; Zi z
kIr fd; s
A
fdl hl e; vferrs
t vkS
j fot ; nks
uks
auseq
fu dseq
[ kl svi uh
vk; q, d ekl ek= gS, slkt kudj vi usi q
=ksadksj kT; nsfn; kvkS
j
cM+
svknj l sv"Vkfdki w
t kdhrFkkuUnu uked eq
fu dsl ehi pUnu
ou es
al c i fj xzg R
; kx dj i zk; ks
i xeu l U;kl /kkj.kdj fy; kAvUr
esal ekf/kej .k dj ' kq
) cq
f) dk /kkj d vferrs
t rsjgos
aLoxZds
uU|korZfoeku es
aj fopw
y uke dkns
ogq
v kvkS
j Jhfot ; Hkhbl hLoxZ
dsLofLrd foeku es
aef.kpw
y uke dkns
o gq
v kA
ogkdsHkks
xks
adkvuq
Hko dj dsj fopw
y uke dkns
o uU|korZ
foeku l s P; q
r gks
dj t Ecw
} hi ds i w
oZfons
g {ks
= es
afLFkr
oR
l dkorh ns
' k dh i z
Hkkdj h uxj h dsj kt k fLrfer l kxj vkS
j
mudhj kuhol q
U/kj kdsvi j kft r uke dki q
= gq
v kAef.kpw
y ns
o
HkhLofLrd foeku l sP; q
r gks
dj ml hj kt kdhvuq
efr uke dh
j kuhdsvuUroh; Zuke dky{ehl EiUu i q
= gq
v kA; snks
uks
aHkkbZ
cyHknzvkS
j v) Z
ph ukj k; .k i n ds/kkj d gq
, rFkk nferkfj
uke dsi z
frukj k; .kdksekj dj pj R
u dksi z
kIr dj cgq
r dky
rd j kT; dsmke l q
[ kks
adk vuq
Hko dj rsj gs
A
fdl hl e; vuUroh; Zdsej .k l scyHknzvi j kft r i gys
rkscgq
r nq
%
[ khgq
,] t c i z
cq
) gq
, rc vuUrl s
u uked i q
= ds

ohj Kkuks
n; xz
UFkekyk

45

fy, j kT; ns
dj ; ' kks
/kj eq
fuj kt dsl ehi nh{kk /kkj .k dj yhA
osrhl j kvof/kKku i z
kIr dj vR
; Ur ' kkUr gksx; svkjSrhl fnu
dk l U;kl ys
dj vP; q
r LoxZes
abUnzgq
,A
b/kj vuUroh; Zukj k; .k uj d x; k Fkk ogk i j t kdj
/kj .ks
Unzusml sl e>kcq
>kdj l E;DR
o xz
g.kdj k; kAml dsi z
Hkko
l sog vuUroh; Zuj d l sfudydj t Ecw
} hil EcU/khHkj r {ks
= ds
fot ; k/kZi oZ
r dhmkj Js
. khdsj kt kes
?kokgu dhj kuhes
?kekfyuh
l ses
?kukn uke dki q
= gksx; kAdkykUrj es
anh{kkys
dj vk; qds
vUr es
aej dj ri ' pj .k dsi z
Hkko l svP; q
r LoxZes
ai z
r hUnzgks
x; svkS
j bUnzdsl kFk mke i z
hfr j [ kdj LoxZl q
[ k dk vuq
Hko
dj usyxs
A
vi j kft r dk t ho t ksi gysbUnzgq
v k Fkk og i gysP; q
r
gq
v k vkS
j bl h t Ecw
} hi l EcU/kh i w
oZfons
g {ks
= dsj R
ul a
p;
uked uxj es
aj kt k{ks
ea
dj rhFk
dj dhdudfp=kuke dhj kuh
l ses
?kdhfct yhdsl eku i q
. ; kR
ekJheku ^ot z
k; q
/kuke dki q
=
gq
v kA bl i q
= dh mR
i fk es
avk/kku] i z
hfr] l q
iz
hfr] /k`fr] eks
n]
fi z
; ks
n~
Hko vkfn f; k; s
adhxbZFkha
Aft l i z
dkj pUnz
ek' kq
Dy i {k
dksi kdj dkfUr rFkkpfUnz
dkl sl q
' kks
fHkr gks
r kgSml hi z
dkj og
ot z
k; q
/kHkhr#.k voLFkki kdj j kT; y{ehrFkk y{eherhuked
L=hl sl q
' kks
fHkr gksj gkFkkAmu ot z
k; q
/kvkS
j y{ehdsvuUroh; Z

iz
r hUnz
dk t ho l gk; q
/k uke dk i q
= gq
v kA bl i z
dkj j kt k
{ks
ea
dj i q
=&
i kS
= vkfn i fj okj l si fj o`r gks
dj j kT; dj rsFks
A
fdl h l e; {ks
ea
dj rhFk
dj ot z
k; q
/k dk j kT; kfHk"ks
d dj ds
ykS
dkfUrd ns
oks
a} kj k Lrq
fr dksi z
kIr gks
r sgq
, ri ks
ou dkspysx; s
vkS
j ri ' pj .kdsi z
Hkko l sds
oyKku dksi z
kIr dj ckj g l Hkkvks
a
dksfnO
; /ofu } kj k l Urq
"V dj usyxs
A
b/kj ot z
k; q
/k ds; gk pj R
u dh mR
i fk gks xbZvkS
j os
porhZgksx; sAfnfXot ; dj ds"kV~
[ ka
Mi `Fohdkst hrdj l koZ
HkkS
e
j kT; dj usyxsA

46

pkS
chl rhFkZ
a
dj

fdl hl e; ukrhdsds
oyKku dk mR
l o ns
[ kusl sot z
k; q
/k
porhZdksHkhvkR
eKku gksx; kft l l smUgksa
usl gk; q
/k i q
= dks
j kT; nsdj {ks
ea
dj rhFk
dj dsl ehi i gq
pdj nh{kk/kkj.kdj yhA
a
nh{kkdsckn ghmUgksa
usfl f) fxfj i oZ
r i j t kdj , d o"kZdsfy; s
iz
frek; ksx /kkj.kdj fy; kAmudspj .kksadkvkJ; i kdj l i ksdh
cgq
r l hokfe; krS
; kj gksxbl ksBhd ghgSD; ksa
fd egki q
#"kpj .kksa
es
ayxsgq
, ' k=q
v ks
adksHkh c<+
krsgS
A muds' kjhj dspkjks
a
arj Q
l ?ku: i l st ehgq
bZyrk; saHkhekuksamudsi fj .kkeks
adhdks
eyrkdks
iz
kIr dj usdsfy, mu eq
fuj kt dsi kl t k i gq
phFkha
A
b/kj ot z
k; q
/kdsi q
= l gk; q
/kdksHkhfdl hdkj .kl soS
j kX; gks
x; kmUgks
a
usvi ukj kT; ' krcyhdksnsfn; k] l c i z
dkj dhbPNk, a
Nks
M+nhavkS
j fi fgrko uke dseq
fuj kt dsi kl mke l a
; e /kkj .k
dj fy; kAt c fi rkot z
k; q
/keq
fu dk, d o"kZdk; ks
x l ekIr gksx; k
rc osl gk; q
/keq
fu mUghadsl ehi t ki gq
ps
Afi rki q
= nks
uks
aus
fpj dky rd nq
%
l g ri L; kdhAvUr es
aosoS
Hkkj i oZ
r dsvxz
Hkkx
i j t ki gq
ps
AogkmUgks
a
us' kj hj l sLus
g j fgr gksl U;kl ej .kfd; k
vkS
j /oZxz
os
S
; d dsuhpsdsl kS
eul uked foeku es
acM+
h_f) ds
/kkj d vgfeUnzgq
,A
bl ht Ecw
} hi dsi w
oZfons
g {ks
= es
ai q
"dykorhuke dk ns
'k
gSml dhi q
a
Mjhfd.khuxj hes
aj kt k ?kuj Fk j kT; dj rsFks
] mudh
euks
gj kuke dhl q
Unj j kuhFkhAot z
k; q
/kdkt ho xz
os
S
; d l sP; q
r
gks
dj mUghanks
uks
adses
?kj Fkuke dki q
= gq
v kml dst Ue dsi gys
xHkkZ
/kku vkfn f; k; s
agq
bZFkha
AmUgha?kuj Fkj kt kdheuks
j ekuke
dhnw
l j hj kuhl sl gk; q
/k dk t ho
vgfeUnz
n`<+
j Fk uke dk
iq
= gksx; kA j kt k ?kuj Fk usr#.k gks
usi j es
?kj Fk dk fookg
fi z
; fe=k vkS
j euks
j ek dsl kFk fd; k Fkk vkS
j n`<+
j Fk dk fookg
lq
efrns
ohl sfd; k FkkAbl i z
dkj i q
=&i kS
= vkfn l q
[ k dsl eLr
l k/kuks
al s; q
j kt k ?kuj Fk fl a
gkl u i j cS
Bdj bUnzdh yhyk
/kkj .k dj j gsFks
A

ohj Kkuks
n; xz
UFkekyk

47

bl hchp es
afi z
; fe=ki q
=o/kqdhl q
"ks
. kkuke dhnkl h?kurq
a
M
uked eq
xkZykdj fn[ kykrhgq
bZcks
yhfd ; fn nw
l j ka
sdseq
xs
Zbl s
t hr ys
arkseS
a, d gt kj nhukj nw
a
xhA; g l q
udj Nks
Vhi q
=o/kqdh
dka
pukuke dhnkl h, d ot z
rq
a
Muked eq
xkZysvkbZAnks
uks
adk
;q
) gks
usyxkog ; q
) nks
uks
aeq
xks
dsfy, nq
%
[ kdkdkj .kFkkrFkk
ns
[ kusokyks
adsfy; sHkhfga
l kuUn vkfn j kS
nz
/; ku dj kusokyk Fkk
vr%/kekZ
R
ekvks
adsns
[ kus; ks
X; ugha
] ,s
l kfopkj dj j kt k?kuj Fk
cgq
r l sHkO
; t hoks
adks' kkfUr i z
kIr dj kusdsfy; svi usi q
= es
?kj Fk
l smu eq
xks
dsi w
oZHko i w
Nusyxs
A
vof/kKku ds/kkj d es
?kj Fk uscryk; k fd t Ecw
} hi ds
,s
j kor {ks
= es
aj R
ui q
j uke dkuxj gS
Aml es
aHknzvkS
j /kU; uke
dsnksl xsHkkbZFks
A nks
uks
aghxkM+
hpykusdk dke dj rsFks, d
fnu nks
uks
aHkkbZunhdsfdukj scS
y dsfufekyM+i M+
svkS
j ej dj
unhdsfdukjs' osrd.kZ
&rkez
d.kZuke dst a
xyhgkFkhgq
, AogkHkh
iw
oZoS
j dsl a
Ldkj l syM+
dj ej svkS
j nksuksaHkS
l sgq
a
, iq
u%yM+
dj ej s
vkS
j es<+
k gq
, ] es<+
sHkhi j Li j esayM+
svkS
j ; snksuksaeq
xsZgq
, gS
a
Anks
fo| k/kj ge yks
xks
al sfeyusdsfy; s; gkvk; sFksvkS
j fo| kl sbu
eq
xks
esai z
fo"V gksdj bUgs
avkS
j vf/kd ' kfDr' kkyhcuk j gsgS
a
Abl
rj g es?kjFkl sl c l ekpkj l q
udj mu fo| k/kjksausvi ukLo: i
iz
dV fd; k j kt k ?kuj Fk vkS
j dq
ekj es?kjFk dh i w
t k dh rFkk
xks
o/kZ
u eq
fuj kt dsl ehi t kdj nh{kk xz
g.k dj yhA
mu nks
uks
aeq
xks
usHkh vi uk i w
oZ
Hko dk l EcU/k t kudj
i j Li j dk ca
/kk gq
v k oS
j Nks
M+fn; k vkS
j vUr es
al kgl dsl kFk
l U;kl /kkj .k dj fy; k, oaHkw
r j e.k rFkkns
oj e.kuked ou es
a
rkez
pw
y vkS
j dudpw
y uke dsHkw
r t krh; O
; Urj gq
,A
ml h l e; osns
o iq
a
Mjhfd.kh uxj h es
avk; svkS
j iz
e ls
s
es
?kj Fk ; o
qj kt dh i w
t k dj vi useq
xs
ZdsHko dkscrykdj
i j eks
i dkj heku dj dq
Ni z
R
;q
i dkj dj usdhi z
kFkZ
uk dj usyxs
A
vUr es
amu nks
uks
ans
oks
ausdgk fd vki ekuq
"kks
kj i oZ
r dsHkhrj

48

pkS
chl rhFkZ
a
dj

fo| eku l eLr l a

l kj dksns
[ kyhft ; s
Age yks
xks
ads} kj kvki dk
de&l s
&de ; ghmidkj gkst kos
A ns
oks
ads, s
l k dgusi j dq
ekj
ust c ^rFkkLrq
* dgdj Lohd`fr i z
nku dj nhrc ns
oks
ausdq
ekj
dksmudsvkIrt uks
adsl kFk vus
d _f) ; ks
al s; q
Dr foeku es
a
cS
Bk; k vkS
j vkdk'k ekxZes
ayst kdj ; Fkke l spyrs
&pyrs
lq
Unj ns
' k fn[ kyk; s
A
oscrykrst krsFksfd ; g i gykHkj r {ks
= gS
] ; g gS
eor gS
bR
; kfn: i l sl Hkh{ks=] i oZ
r ksadksfn[ kykrsgq
, ekuq
"kkskj i oZ
r ds
Hkhrj dsl Hkhvd`f=e pS
R
; ky; ks
adhoUnukdj knhArnuUrj cM+
s
mR
l o l s; q
Dr uxj es
aoki l vkx; sAvkpk; ZdgrsgS
afd t kseuq
";
vi usmidkjhdk i zR
;q
i dkj ughadj rk gSog xU/kjfgr i q
"i ds
l n`'k t hfor Hkhe`r dor~gS
A
?kuj Fkegkj kt rhFk
dj Fks
Afdl hfnu foj Dr gks
dj nhf{kr gks
x; s
A b/kj es
?kj Fk egkj kt usneoj uked _f) /kkj h eq
fu dks
vkgkj nku ns
dj i a
pk'p; Zi z
kIr fd; s
AdHkhuUnh'oj i oZes
aegki w
tk
dj j kf= es
ai z
frek; ks
x l s/; ku dj rsFksvkS
j bUnz
ks
a} kj ki w
t kdks
iz
kIr gks
r sFks
Afdl hfnu ?kuj FkrhFk
dj dsl eol j .kes
a/keks
i ns
Z
' kdks
lq
udj l a
l kj ] ' kj hj] Hkks
xks
al sfoj Dr gksx; svkS
j vi usi q
= dksj kT;
ns
dj n`<+
j FkHkkbZvkS
j vU; l kr gt kj j kt kvks
adsl kFknhf{kr gks
dj
X;kj g va
x dsi kBhgksx; svkS
j l ks
yg dkj .kHkkoukvks
al srhFk
dj
uke deZdkca
/kdj fy; kAvR
; Ur /khj ohj es
?kj Fkusn`<+
j Fkdsl kFk
^uefLryd*i oZ
r i j vkdj , d eghusdki z
k; ks
i xeu l a
U;kl /kkj .k
1
dj ' kj hj Nks
M+
dj vgfeUnzi n i z
kIr dj fy; kA
' kkfUrukFk dk t Ue&
dq
#t ka
xy ns
' k dh gfLruki q
j j kt /kkuh es
adk'; i xks
=h;
j kt kfo' ol s
u j kT; dj r sFks
Amudhj kuhdk uke , sjkor hFkkA
Hkxoku ' kkfUrukFkdsxHkZes
avkusdsNg eghusi gysl sghbUnz
dhvkKkl sgfLr uki q
j uxj esaekr kdsvkxu esaj Ruksadho"kkZ
1- ; svgfeU
nzgh' kkfU
rukFkrhFkZ
dj gq
a
, gS
A
a

ohj Kkuks
n; xz
UFkekyk

49

gksusyxhvkS
j Jh] h] /k`fr vkfn ns
fo; kekr kdhl sokesar R
ij
gksxbZ
a
A Hkknka
sonhl Ir ehdsfnu Hkj .khu{k= esaj kuhusxHkZ
/kkj .kfd; kAml l e; LoxZl snsoksausvkdj r hFk
dj egki q
#"k
dk xHkZegksRlo euk; k vkS
j ekr k&fi r k dh i w
t k dhA
uo ekl O
; rhr gks
usdsckn j kuh , s
j kns
oh usT; s
"B d`".k
prq
nZ
' khdsfnu ; kE;; ks
x es
ai z
kr%
dky dsl e; rhu yks
d dsukFk, s
ls
i=
q jR
u dkst Ue fn; kAml hl e; pkj i z
dkj dsns
oks
ads; gkLo; a
ghfcukct k; s' ka
[ kukn] Hks
j hukn] fl a
gukn vkS
j ?ka
Vkukn gks
usyxs
A
l kS
/kes
Unz, s
Z
j kor gkFkhi j p<+
dj bUnz
k.khvkS
j vl a
[ ; ns
ox.kks
al fgr
uxj es
avk; krFkkHkxoku dksl q
es
# i oZ
r i j yst kdj t UekfHk"ks
d
euk; kA vfHk"ks
d dsvuUrj Hkxoku dksvus
dks
aoL=kya
dkj ks
al s
foHkw
f"kr dj dsmudk^' kkfUrukFk* ; g uke j [ kk] bl i d
zkj Hkxoku
dksgfLruki q
j oki l ykdj ekrk&fi rkdksl kS
a
i dj i q
uj fi vkuUn
uked ukVd dj dsvi us
&vi usLFkku i j pysx; s
A
Hkxoku dhvk; q, d yk[ k o"kZdhFkhA' kj hj pkyhl /kuq
"k
pkFkkAl q
o.kZdsl eku dka
fr FkhA/ot k] rks
j .k] ' ka
[ k] pvkfn
, d gt kj vkB ' kq
Hk fp muds' kj hj es
aFks
A mUghafo' ol s
u dh
; ' kLorhj kuhdspk; q
/kuke dk, d i q
= gq
v kAns
odq
ekj ks
adsl kFk
hM+
k dj rsgq
, Hkxoku ' kkfUrukFk vi usNksVsHkkbZpk; q
/k ds
l kFk&l kFko`f) dksi zkIr gksj gsFksAHkxoku dh; kS
ou voLFkkvkus
i j mudsfi r k usdq
y] : i ] voLFkk] ' khy] dkfUr vkfn l s
foHkw
f"kr vusd dU;kvksadsl kFkmudkfookg dj fn; kA
bl rj g Hkxoku dst c dq
ekj dky dsi Pphl gt kj o"kZ
O
; rhr gksx; src egkj kt fo' ol s
u usmUgs
avi uk j kT; l ei Z
.k
dj fn; kA e l smkeks
ke Hkks
xks
adk vuq
Hko dj rsgq
, tc
Hkxoku dsi Pphl gt kj o"kZvkS
j O
; rhr gksx; src mudh
vk; q
/k'kkyk es
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fuj kt ] i q
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64

pkS
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a
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65

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66

pkS
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iq
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ohj Kkuks
n; xz
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67

ns
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Aj kt k

68

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ohj Kkuks
n; xz
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69

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A; gkbu oz
r ks
adh
fof/k u crykdj ds
oy dq
N ukeek= fn; s t krs gS
a
A fo' ks
"k
ft Kkl q
v ks
adksgfj oa
' ki q
j k.k es
agh ns
[ kuk pkfg, A
^^l oZ
r ks
Hknz
] ol a
r Hknz
] egkl oZ
r ks
Hknz
] f=yks
dl kj ] ot z
e/; ]
e`na
xe/; ] eq
j t e/; ] , dkoyh] f} dkoyh] eq
Drkoyh] j R
ukoyh]
j Rueq
Dr koyh] dudkoyh] f} r h; j Rukoyh] fl a
gfu"dzhfMr ]
e/; e fl a
gfu"dzhfMr r Fkk mRre vkS
j t ?kU; fl a
gfu"dz
hfMr ]
ua
nh'oj i a
fDr] es#i a
fDr ] foekui a
fDr ' kkr dq
a
Hk] pkUnz
k; .k]
l Irl Ir eri ksfof/k] v"V"Ve] uouekfn] vkpkEyo/kZ
u] Jq
r fof/k]
n' kZ
u' kq
f) ] ri %
' kq
f) pkfj =' kq
f) ] , ddY; k.k] i a
pdY; k.k] ' khydY; k.k
fof/k] Hkkoukfof/k] i a
pfoa
' kfr&dY; k.kHkkoukoz
r ] nq
%
[ kgj .kdeZ
{k; ]
ft us
a
nz
xq
.k l a
i fR
r] fnO
; y{k.ki a
fDr] /keZ
pdz
fof/k] i j Li j dY; k.k]
i fj fuokZ
. k] i z
kfrgk; Zi z
fl f) ] foeku i a
fDr vkfn oz
rA
^^bl i z
dkj fof/kor bu oz
r ks
adsdrkZl q
iz
fr"B eq
fuj kt us
ml l e; fueZ
y l ks
ygdkj .kHkkoukvks
ads} kj krhFkZ
a
dj uke deZ
dk ca
/k dj fy; kA**

70

pkS
chl rhFkZ
a
dj

t c vk; qdk va
r vk; k rc l ekf/k /kkj .k dj , d eghus
dk l a
U;kl ys
dj i z
k.kks
adk R
; kx fd; k vkS
j t ;a
r uked vuq
R
rj
foeku es
svgfea
nzi n i z
kIr dj fy; kAogkai j ra
r hl l kxj dh
s
vk; qFkhvkS
j , d gkFk pk ' kj hj FkkA mudksl k<+
sl ks
yg ekg
dsva
r es
a, d ckj ' okl dkxz
g.kgks
r kgS
Ars
r hl gt kj o"kZchr
t kusi j , d ckj ekufl d vkgkj FkkA bl i z
dkj l q
[ k l kxj es
a
fueXu mu vgfea
nzusogkadhvk; qdksl ekIr dj fn; kA
us
feukFk dk t Ue&
dq
' kkFkZns
' k ds' kkjShiq
j uxj es
agfj oa
' khj kt k ' kw
jl s
u j grs
Fks
A mudsohj uke dsi q
= dh/kkfj .khj kuhl sva
/kdo`f"V vkS
j
uj o`f"V uke dsnksi q
= gq
, Ava
/kdo`f"V dhj kuhdk uke l q
Hknz
k
FkkA bu nks
uks
ads l eq
nz
fot ; ] fLrferl kxj ] fgeoku~
] fot ; ]
vpy] /kkj .k] i w
j .k] i w
fj rkFkhZ
PN] vfHkua
nu vkS
j okl q
ns
o ; snl
iq
= FksrFkk dq
UrhvkS
j eknz
huke dhnksi q
f=; k Fkha
A
l eq
nz
fot ; dh j kuh dk uke f' kokns
oh FkkA fi rk ds} kj k
iz
nR
r j kT; dkJhl eq
nz
fot ; egkj kt /keZ
uhfr l sl a
pkyu dj rs
Fks
A Nks
VsHkkbZol q
ns
o dh j ks
fg.kh l scyHknz, oans
odh j kuh l s
Jhd`".k dk t Ue gq
v k FkkA
t c t ;a
r foeku dsbUnzdhvk; qNg ekl dh' ks
"kj g xbZ
rc dk'; i xks
=h] gfj oa
' k f' k[ kkef.k j kt k l eq
nz
fot ; dh j kuh
f' kokns
ohdsvka
xu es
ans
oks
a} kj k dhxbZj R
uks
adho"kkZgks
usyxhA
dkfrZ
d ' kq
Dyk"k"Bh dsfnu mR
rj k"kk<+u{k= es
aog vgfea
nzdk
t ho j kuh dsxHkZes
avk x; kA
vua
r j uoekl dsckn Jko.k ' kq
Dyk "k"Bh dsfnu fp=k
u{k= es
acz
; ks
x dsl e; rhu Kku ds/kkj d Hkxoku dk t Ue
gq
v kAba
nz
kfn ns
oks
aust Ueks
R
l o eukdj rhFkZ
a
dj f' k'kqdk^us
feukFk*
ukedj .k fd; kA Hkxoku ufeukFk dsckn i kp yk[ k o"kZchr
t kusi j us
feft us
UnzmR
i Uu gq
; sgS
a
Amudhvk; q, d gt kj o"kZdh

ohj Kkuks
n; xz
UFkekyk

71

Fkh] ' kj hj n' k /kuq

"k pk FkkAi z
Hkqds' kj hj dk o.kZuhy dey
dsl n`'k gks
r sgq
; sHkhbruk l q
Unj Fkk fd ba
nzus, d gt kj us
=
cuk fy; sfQj Hkh: i dksns
[ krsgq
; sr`Ir ughagq
v k FkkA
gfj oa
' ki q
j k.kes
aus
feukFkrhFkZ
a
dj dkt Ue l kS
;Z
iq
j es
agh
ekuk gS
A i ' pkr~ns
oks
a} kj k j phxbZ} kj korhuxj hes
aJhd`".k
vkfn dst kusdhckr dghgS
A
dkj .ko' kJhd`".krFkkgks
ugkj Jhus
feukFkrhFka
Z
dj dsi q
.;
iz
Hkko l sbUnzdh vkKk i kdj dq
cs
j us, d l q
Unj ^} kj korh*
uked uxj hdh j puk dhA
Hkxoku ns
oks
a} kj k vkuhr fnO
; Hkks
xl kexz
h dk vuq
Hko
dj rsgq
; sfpj dky rd } kj korhes
aj gs
Afdl h, d fnu ex/kns
'k
dsdq
NO
; ki kj hml uxj hes
avkx; svkS
j ogkl sJs
"Bj R
u [ kj hn
dj vi us ns
' k es
ays x; s rFkk v/kZ
ph
iz
frukj k; .kj kt k
t j kl a
/k dksj R
u Hks
a
V fd; s
A j kt k usmu j R
uks
adksns
[ kdj egku
vk'p; Zpfdr gks
dj mul si w
Nkfd vki ; sj R
u dgkl syk; sgks
\
mR
rj es
amu yks
xks
ausJhd`".k vkS
j Hkxoku us
feukFk dsoS
Hko dk
o.kZ
u dj fn; kA; g l q
ursght j kl a
/kdq
fi r gks
dj ; q
) dj usdks
rS
; kj gksx; kA
^' k=qp<+
dj vk x; k gS
* ; g l ekpkj l q
udj Jhd`".k dks
t j kHkhfpa
r kughagq
bZ
AosHkxoku us
feukFkdsi kl x; svkS
j cks
ys
fd vki bl uxj dhj {kkdhft ; s
Al q
ukgSfd j kt kt j kl a
/kge
yks
xks
adkst hruk pkgrk gSl kseS
aml svki dsi z
Hkko l s?kq
usgq
;s
t h.kZ
o`{k dsl eku ' kh?kzghu"V fd; sns
r k gw
A Jhd`".k dsopu
lu
qdj i z
Hkqus vi us vki vof/kKku l s fot ; dks fuf' pr
t kudj eq
l dq
j krs gq
; s ^vks
e~
& ' kCn dg fn; k vFkkZ
r ~vi uh
Lohd`fr nsnhA Jhd`".k Hkhi z
Hkqdheq
Ldku l svi uhfot ; dks

72

pkS
chl rhFkZ
a
dj

fuf' pr l e>dj l eLr ; kno vkS

j i ka
Mo vkfndka
s ds l kFk
dq
#{ks
= es
avk x; s
A
bl Hk; a
dj ; q
) es
aj kt k t j kl a
/k us dq
fi r gks
dj p
Jhd`".ki j pykfn; kAog pdz
jR
u HkhJhd`".kdhi z
nf{k.kkns
dj
mudhnkfguh Hkq
t k i j Bgj x; k cl D; k Fkk Jhd`".k usml h
pdzl st j kl a
/k dk dke l ekIr dj fn; k vkS
j rR
{k.k gh ns
oks
a
} kj k i w
t k dksi z
kIr gq
, A v/kZ
ph
ukj k; .kgksx; s
A vua
rj
cM+
sg"kZl sbu yks
xks
aus} kj korh es
ai z
os
' k fd; k vkS
j ogk i j
j kT; kfHk"ks
d dksi z
kIr gq
,A
^^fdl h, d fnu dq
cs
j } kj kHks
t sgq
, oL=kHkj .kks
al svya
d`r
;q
ok Jhus
fedq
ekj ] cyns
o rFkk ukj k; .k vkfn dks
fV&dks
fV ; knoks
a
l s Hkj h gq
bZdq
lq
e&fp=k uke dh l Hkk es
ax; s
A j kt kvksaus
vi us
&vi usvkl u Nks
M+i z
Hkqdsl Ueq
[ k vkdj mUgs
aueLdkj
fd; kAJhd`".kusHkhvkdj mudhvxokuhdhArnua
r j Jhd`".k
dsl kFk osmudsvkl u dksvya
d`r dj usyxs
A
ogkokrkZ
yki dsi z
la
x es
acyokuks
adhx.kukfNM+
usi j fdl h
usvt q
u dks
Z
] fdl h us ; q
f/kf"Bj dksbR
; kfn : i l sfdl h us
Jhd`".kdksvR
; f/kd cy' kkyhdgkArj g&rj g dhok.khl q
udj
cyns
o usyhyki w
. kZn`f"V l sHkxoku dh vks
j ns
[ kdj dgk fd
rhuks
at xr ea
sbudsl eku nw
l j kcyoku~ughagS
] ; sfxfj j kt dks
vuk; kl ghda
i k; eku dj l drsgS
a; FkkFkZes
a; sft us
a
nzgS
abul s
mR
d`"V nw
l j k dkS
u gksl drk gS
\
bl i z
dkj opu l q
udj Jhd`".kusHkxoku l sdgk&
Hkxou~
!
; fn vki ds' kj hj dk , s
l k mR
d`"V cy gSrksckgq
;q
) es
aml dh
i j h{kk D; ks
au yht k; s
\ Hkxoku usdgk&
gsvxz
t ! ; fn vki dks
es
j hHkq
t kvks
adkcy t kuukghgSrkseYy; q
) dhD; kvko' ; drk

ohj Kkuks
n; xz
UFkekyk

73

gS
\ l gl kbl vkl u l ses
j sbl i S
j dksghfopfyr dj nhft ; s
A
Jhd`".k ml h l e; dej dl dj ft us
a
nzHkxoku dkst hrusdh
bPNkl smB [ kM+
sgq
, ] i j Urqi S
j dkpykukrksnw
j ghj gkos, d
va
xq
yhdksHkhughafgyk l ds
Aml hl e; bUnzdk vkl u da
fi r
gks
usl sns
oks
al fgr bUnzusvkdj Hkxoku dhvus
dka
sLrq
fr; ks
al s
Lrq
fr vkS
j iw
t kdhArnua
r j l c vi us
&vi usegyks
aes
apysx; s
A
us
feukFk dk oS
j kX;&
fdl h l e; euks
gj uked m| ku es
aHkxoku us
feukFk rFkk
lR
; Hkkekvkfn t yds
fy dj j gsFks
ALuku dsvua
r j Jhus
feukFk
usl R
; Hkkek l sdgk&
gsuhydey dsl eku us
=ks
aokyh! rwes
jk
; g Luku dk oL= ys
Al R
; Hkkek usdgk] eS
abl dk D; k d: \
us
feukFkusdgkfd rwbl s/kksMkyArc l R
; HkkekdgusyxhD; k
vki Jhd`".k gS
a
\ og Jhd`".k] ft Ugks
a
usfd ukx' k; k i j p<+
dj
' kk ~
xZuke dk/kuq
"kvuk; kl ghp<+
kfn; kFkkvkS
j fnx~
fnxa
r dks
O
; kIr dj usokyk ' ka
[ ki w
j k Fkk\ D; k vki es
a; g l kgl gS
\ ; fn
ugharksvki eq
>l soL= /kks
usdhckr D; ks
adj rsgS
a
\
us
feukFkusdgkfd ^ea
S; g dk; ZvPNhrj g dj nw
xk* bruk
dgdj osxoZl si z
fj r gksvk; q
s
/k'kkykes
ai gq
p x; s
Aogkukxj kt
dsegkef.k; ks
al sl q
' kks
fHkr ukx' k; ki j vi uhgh' k; kdsl eku
p<+x; svkS
j ' kk ~
xZ/kuq
"kp<+
kdj l eLr fn' kkvks
adsva
r j ky dks
j ks
dusokyk' ka
[ kQw
a
d fn; kAml l e; Jhd`".kvi uhdq
lq
efp=k
l Hkkes
a
sfoj kt eku Fks
Aosl gl kgh; g vk'p; Zi w
. kZdke l q
udj
O
; xzgksmBs
A cM+
svk'p; Zl sfda
dj ks
al si w
Nk fd ; g D; k gS
\
fda
dj ks
ausHkh i rk yxkdj l kj hckr crk nhA
ml l e; v/kZph Jhd`".k usfopkj dj rsgq
; sdgk fd
vk'p; ZgS
] cgq
r l e; ckn dq
ekj us
feukFkdkfpR
r j kx l s; q
Dr

74

pkS
chl rhFkZ
a
dj

gq
v kgS
Avc budkfookg dj ukpkfg, Aos' kh?kzghj kt kmxz
ls
u
ds?kj Lo; ai gq
p x; svkS
j j kuh t ; korh l smR
i Uu j kt hefr
dU;k dhJhus
feukFk dsfy, ; kpuk dhA j kt k mxz
ls
u usdgk
gsns
o! vki rhu [ k.MdsLokehga
Svr%vki dsl keusge yks
x
dkS
u gks
r sgS
a
\ ' kq
Hk eq
gw
r Zes
afookg fuf' pr gksx; kA
rnua
r j ns
oks
a} kj k vkuhr ukuk i z
dkj dsoL=kHkw
"k.kks
al s
lq
l fTt r Hkxoku us
feukFk] l eku o; okysvus
d ea
Mys'oj j kt i q
=ks
a
l sf?kj sgq
; sfp=k uke dhi kydhi j vk: <+gks
dj fn' kkvks
adk
voyks
du dj usdsfy, fudys
AogkmUgks
a
usd#.kLoj l sfpYykrs
gq
; svkS
j b/kj &m/kj nkM
Sr+sgq
, ] Hkw
[ k] I; kl l sO
; kdq
y gq
, rFkk
vR
;a
r Hk; Hkhr gq
, ] nkun`f"V l s; q
Dr e`xks
adksns
[ k n; ko' k ogka
dsj {kdks
al si w
Nk fd ; g i ' kq
l ew
g D; ks
abdV~
Bk fd; k x; k gS
\
ukS
dj ka
susdg fn; kfd vki dsfookg es
a; sekj st k; s
a
xs
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Jhus
fedq
ekj dksi ' kq
v ks
adsvR
; kpkj dsi z
fr d#.kkt kxz
r gksxbZ
vkS
j ' kh?kzghHkks
xks
al soS
j kX; mR
i Uu gksx; k vkS
j foj Dr fpR
r
gq
, ykS
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d iw
oZHkoks
adk
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Hkqdsdq
ekj dky dsrhu
l kSo"kZO
; rhr gkspq
dsFks
A
rR
{k.k ghykS
dka
frd ns
oks
al si w
t k dksi z
kIr gq
, iz
Hkqdksns
oks
a
usns
odq
# uke dhi kydhi j fcBk; kvkS
j l gl z
kezou es
aysx; s
A
Jko.kd`".k"k"Bhdsfnu l k; a
dky dsl e; rs
ykdkfu; e ys
dj
, d gt kj j kt kvks
adsl kFk t S
us
' oj h nh{kk l sfoHkw
f"kr gksx; s
A
ml hl e; mUgs
apkS
Fkk eu%
i;Z
; Kku i z
xV gksx; kA
j kt herhusHkhi z
Hkqdsi hNsri ' pj .k dj usdk fu' p; dj
fy; k l ksBhd gh gSD; ks
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fd ' kj hj dh ckr rksnw
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opuek= l sHkhnhgq
bZdq
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adk ; ghU;k; gS
A

ohj Kkuks
n; xz
UFkekyk

75

i kj.kkdsfnu } kjkorhuxj hesaj kt koj nR

r usi M+
xkgu dj ds
i zHkqdksvkgkj fn; kft l dsQyLo: i i a
pk'p; Zdksi zkIr gksx; svFkkZ
r~
nsoksausl k<+
sckjg dj ksM+j R
uo
"kkZ
;s
Ai q
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xU/k ok; q
]
nq
Unq
Hkhckt svkS
j vgks
nkuavkfn i z
' ka
l k okD; gks
usyxs
A
bl i z
dkj ri ' p; kZdj rsgq
; si z
HkqdsNn~
eLFk voLFkk ds
NIi u fnu O
; rhr gksx; src osj S
ord i oZ
r i j i gq
ps
] rs
yk dk
fu; e ys
dj fdl hcM+
sHkkj hckl o`{kdsuhpsfoj kt eku gksx; s
A
vkf' ou d`".ki z
fri nk dsfnu fp=ku{k= es
ai z
kr%dky dsl e;
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Hkqdksyks
dkyks
di z
dk'khds
oyKku i z
dVgksx; kAmudsl eol j .k
es
aoj nR
r dksvkfn ys
dj X;kj g x.k/kj Fks
] vBkj g gt kj eq
fu]
j kt herh vkfn pkyhl gt kj vkf; Z
dk, a
] , d yk[ k Jkod vkS
j
rhu yk[ kJkfodk, aFkha
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tS
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uk vkS
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rj i w
Ns
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; /ofu l s; g ckr ekyw
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fu dsdz
ks
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r l sbl } kj korh uxj h dk
fouk'kgks
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aus
tu
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feukFk usNg
l kSfuU;kuoso"kZ
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r i j vkdj fogkj Nks
M+
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r hl eq
fu; ks
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x fuj ks
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kj EHkes
aghi z
Hkqus
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fr i z
nku dj s
a
A

76

pkS
chl rhFkZ
a
dj

23- rhFk
dj i koZ
ukFk
bl ht Ecw
} hi dsnf{k.kHkj r {ks
= es
a, d l q
j E; uke dkcM+
k
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k gS
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nui q
j uxj es
avfrk; /kekZ
R
ek vj foUn
j kt k j kT; dj rsFks
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fr cz
k.k dhvuq
U/kj h
cz
k.khl smR
i Uu gq
, deB vkS
j e#Hkw
fr uke dsnksi q
= Fkst ks
fd
ek%fo"k vkS
j ver l scuk; sgq
, dsl eku ekyw
e i M+
r sFks
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deB dh L=h dk uke o#.kk rFkk e#Hkw
fr dh L=h dk uke
ol q
U/kj k FkkA ; snks
uks
agh j kt k dseU=hFks
A
, d l e; fdl hj kT; dk; Zl se#Hkw
fr ckgj x; kFkkrc deB
e#Hkw
fr dhL=hol q
U/kjkdsl kFkO
; fHkpkjhcu x; kAj kt kvj foa
n
dks; g ckr i rkpyrsghmUgks
usml deB dksnf.Mr dj dsns
a
k
l sfudky fn; kAog deB HkhekuHka
x l snq
%
[ khgksdj fdl hrki l
vkJe esat kdj gkFk esai R
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fr HkhdeB dks<w
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kAml svkrsns[kks/kdsvkoskesavkdj deB usog gkFk
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fr ej dj l Yydh
ou es
aot z
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fdl hl e; vj foUn usfoj gksdj j kT; NksM+fn; k vkS
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la
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nuk ds fy; s LFkku fd; kA
pyr s
&pyr sosml hou es
ai gq
pdj l kekf; d dsl e; frek; ksx
l sfoj kt eku gksx; s
A og gkFkh l a
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agkgkdkj dj r k gq
vk
vj foUn egkj kt dsl Ueq
[ k vkdj ekj usdsfy, nkS
M+
k] rR{k.k
ghmudso{kLFky esaoR
l dsfpUg dksns[kr sghml si w
oZHko
la
ca
/k dk Lej .k gksvk; k r c og i ' pkrki l s' kka
r gksrk gq
vk
pq
i pki [ kM+
k j gkA vua
r j vj foUn eq
fuj kt usml s/keksZ
i ns
'k
ns
dj Jkod dsozr xz
g.k dj k fn; sA
ml l e; l sog gkFkhi ki l sMj dj nw
l j sgkfFk; ks
a} kj k
rks
M+
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avkS
j lw
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adks[ kkusyxkAi R
Fkj ks
a

ohj Kkuks
n; xz
UFkekyk

77

dsfxj usl svFkokgkfFk; ks

adsl ew
g dsl a
?kVu l st ksi kuhkl q
d
gkst krkFkkml sghog i hrkFkkrFkkks
"k/kks
i okl dsckn i kj .kk
dj rk FkkA bl dkj fpj dky rd egku ri ' pj .k dj rk gq
vk
og gkFkhvR
; Ur nq
cZ
y gksx; kAfdl hfnu og gkFkhi kuhi husds
fy, os
xorhunhdsfdukj sx; kvkS
j dhpM+es
afxj dj Ql x; k]
fudy ughal dkAogki j nq
j kpkj hdeB dkt ho ej dj dq
Ddq
V
l i Zgq
v k Fkk ml usi w
oZoS
j dsl a
Ldkj l sml sdkV [ kk; k ft l l s
og gkFkhegkea
= dk Lej .k dj rsgq
, ej dj ckj gos
aLoxZes
ans
o
gksx; kA b/kj og l i Zi ki l sej dj rhl j suj d pyk x; kA
ta
cw
} hi ds i w
oZfonsg {ks
= esai q
"dykorh ns'k gSml ds
fot ; k/kZi oZ
r i j f=yks
dks
ke uxj esaj kt k fo| q
r~
xfr j kT; dj rs
FksA og ns
o dk t ho ogk l sP; q
r gksdj j kt k dhfo| U
qekyk j kuh
l sj f' eosx uke dki q
= gksx; kAj f' eosx us; q
okoLFkkesal ekf/kxq
Ir
eq
fuj kt dsi kl nh{kkysdj egkl oZ
r ksHknzvkfn Js"B miokl fd; sA
fdl hl e; fgefxfj i oZ
r dhxq
Qkesa; ksx /kkj.kdj foj kt eku Fks
fd dq
Ddq
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v k Fkk
ml usfuxy fy; kAeq
fu dk t ho ej dj l ksygos
aLoxZesanso gq
vk
vkS
j dkyka
r j esavt xj ej dj NBsuj d pyk x; kA
ta
cw
} hi dsi w
oZfons
g l EcU/khi n~
ekns
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av' oi q
j uxj
gS
A ogk dsj kt k ot z
oh; ZvkS
j j kuh fot ; k dsog LoxZdk ns
o
ej dj ot z
ukfHk uke dk i q
= gq
v kA og i q
. ; ' kkyh ot zukfHk
porhZdsi n dk Hkks
k gksx; k] vua
r j fdl h l e; foj Dr
gks
dj l kez
kT; oS
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; kxdj {ks
ea
dj xq
# dsl ehi t S
us
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nh{kk ysyhAdeB dk t ho] t ksfd vt xj dhi ; k;Z es
aej dj
NBsuj d x; kFkkog dq
ja
x uke dkHkhy gksx; kFkkAfdl hfnu
ri LohporhZou es
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d mBk] ml useq
fuj kt i j Hk; a
dj mil xZ
fd, A eq
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adh vkj k/kuk l sej .k dj e/; e
xz
os
S
; d es
aJs
"B vgfeUgksx, rFkk og i ki h Hkhy vk; qi w
jh

78

pkS
chl rhFkZ
a
dj

dj dsi ki dsHkkj l si q
u%uj d pyk x; kA
ta
cw
} hi dsHkj r{ks
= es
adkS
' kyns
' k l EcU/khv; ks
/; k uxj h
es
adk'; i xks
=h b{okdq
oa
' kh j kt k ot z
ckgqj kT; dj rsFks
A mudh
j kuhHka
dj hFkhog vgfeUP; q
r gks
dj j kuhdsxHkZl svkua
n
uke dk vkua
nnk; hi q
= gksx; kAog cM+
k gks
dj ea
Mys
' oj j kt k
gq
v kAfdl hfnu vkua
n j kt k usegkea
=hdsdgusl svk"VkfUgd
egki w
t k dj kbZft l sns
[ kusdsfy, foi q
yefr uke dseq
fuj kt
i /kkj s
Avkua
nj kt usmudhoa
nuki w
t kvkfn dj dsmul si w
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gsHkxou~
! ft us
Ufrek vps
r u gSml dhi w
t k l si q
. ; ca
/k dS
ls
gks
r k gS
\ eq
fuj kt usdgk ; | fi i z
frek vps
r u gSrksHkhegku
iq
. ; dk dkj .k gSt S
l sfpa
r kef.k j R
u] dYi o`{k vkfn vps
ru
gks
dj eufpa
frr vkS
j eupkgsQy ns
r sgS
aoS
l sgh frekvks
adh
oa
nuki w
t k vkfn l st ks' kq
Hk i fj .kke gks
r sgS
amul sl kfr' k; i q
.;
ca
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; kfn dkj l sohr j kx frekdk o.kZ
u dj r s
gq
, eq
fuj kt usj kt k dsl keusrhu yks
d l EcU/kh vd`f=e
pS
R;ky; ksadk o.kZ
u dj uk ' kq
: fd; kA ml esakj EHk esaghl w
;Z
dsfoeku es
afLFkr ft uea
fnj dhfoHkw
fr dk vPNh rj g o.kZ
u
fd; kAml vl k/kkj .kfoHkw
fr dksl q
udj j kt kvkuUn dkscgq
r
ghJ) k gksxbZ
A ml fnu l sog fr fnu gkFk t ksM+
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fr dj usyxkA
ml us dkj hxj ks
a } kj k ef.k vkS
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cuokdj ml dsHkhrj ft uefUnj cuok; kA vuUrj ' kkL=ks
Dr
fof/k l svk"VkfUgd] prq
eq
Z
[ k] j FkkorZ
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r ks
HkvkS
j dYi o`{k
bu uke okyhi w
t kvks
adk ^vuq
"Bku* fd; kA
ml j kt k dksbl rj g l w
; Zdhi w
t k dj rsns
[ kdj ml dh
kekf.kdrk l svU; yks
x HkhLo; aHkfi w
oZ
d lw
;Z
ea
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fr
dj usyxs
Avkpk; ZdgrsgS
afd bl yks
d es
aml hl e; l sl w
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mikl uk py i M+
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A
fdl hfnu vkuUn j kt k usvi usfl j i j , d l Qs
n cky

ohj Kkuks
n; xz
UFkekyk

79

ns
[ kk rR{k.k foj Dr gksdj i q
= dksj kT; oS
Hko nsdj l eq
xq
Ir
eq
fuj kt dsi kl vusd j kt kvksadsl kFk nhf{kr gksx; sAmUgksa
us
X;kj g va
xks
adk v/; ; u fd; k vkS
j l ksygdkj .k Hkkoukvksads
fpa
r ou l srhFk
dj d`fr dkca
/kdj fy; kAvk; qdsva
r l e;
os/khj&ohj ' kka
r eukeq
fuj kt k; ks
i xeu l a
U;kl ys
dj /; ku esa
yhu FksAi w
oZt Ue dsdeB dkt ho uj d l sfudydj oghafl a
g
gq
v k FkkA l ksml usvkdj mu eq
fu dk d.B i dM+fy; kA
fl a
gd`r mil xZl sfopfyr ughagksusokysoseq
fuj kt ej .kdj
vP; q
r
l ks
ygosa
LoxZdsk.kr uked foeku es
abUgksx, A
ogk i j mudh vk; qchl l kxj dh Fkh] l k<+
sr hu gkFk pk
' kj hj FkkAosogkfnO
; lq
[ kksadk vuq
Hko dj j gsFksAm/kj fl a
g
dk t ho Hkhvk; qi w
j h dj dsej dj uj d pyk x; k vkS
j ogk
dsHk; a
dj nq
%
[ kks
adk fpj dky r d vuq
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xHkkZ
orkj&
bl t a
cw
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= l EcU/khdk'khns
' kes
acukj l uke
dk , d uxj gS
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adk'; i xks
=hj kt k fo' ol s
u j kT; dj rs
Fks
Amudhj kuhdkuke cz
khFkkAt c mu l ks
ygos
aLoxZdsbU
dhvk; qNg ekl dhvo' ks
"k j g xbZFkhrc bUdhvkKk l s
dq
cs
j usekrk dsvkxu es
aj R
uks
adh/kkj k cj l kuk ' kq
: dj nh
FkhA j kuhcz
khusl ks
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d oS
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bUdst ho dksxHkZes
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uoekl i w
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"kd`".kk, dkn' khdsfnu i q
= dkt Ue
gq
v kFkkAbUkfn ns
oks
ausl q
es# i oZ
r i j yst kdj rhFk
dj f' k'kqdk
t UekfHk"ksd dj ds^i k'oZ
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dsckn frj kl hgt kj l kr l kSi pkl o"kZchr t kusi j budkt Ue
gq
v kFkkAbudhvk; ql kSo"kZdhFkht ks
fd bl hva
r j ky esal fEefyr
gS
AHkqdhdka
fr gfj ro.kZdh, oa' kjhj dhpkbZukSgkFkek.k
FkhA ; smxz
oa
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l ks
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ou l s; q
Hkxoku fdl hl e; hMk

80

pkS
chl rhFkZ
a
dj

dsfy; svi uhl s

uk dsl kFk uxj dsckgj x; s
A deB dk t ho
t ksfd fl a
g i ; kZ
; l suj d x; k Fkk og ogk l svkdj eghiky
uxj dk eghiky uke dk j kt k gq
v k FkkA ml h dh i q
=h cz
kh

okekns
ohHkxoku i k'oZ
ukFkdhekrkFkha
A; g j kt k
Hkxoku ds
ukukfdl h l e; vi uh i R
uh dsfo; ks
x es
ari Loh gks
dj ogha
vkJe dsi kl ou es
ai a
pkfXu; ks
adschp es
acS
Bkri ' pj .kdj j gk
FkkAns
oks
a} kj k i w
T; Hkxoku ml dsi kl t kdj ml sueLdkj fd; s
fcuk gh[ kM+
sgksx; s
A ; g ns
[ kdj og [ kks
Vk l k/kqks
/k l s; q
Dr
gksx; kvkS
j l ks
pusyxkeS
adq
yhu gw
] ri ks
o`) gw
vkS
j bl dkukuk
gw
fQj Hkh bl vKkuh dq
ekj usvga
dkjo' k eq
>sueLdkj ugha
fd; kgS
] {kq
fHkr gksml usvfXu es
aydfM+
; ksadksMkyusdsfy, i M+
h
gq
bZydM+
h dks dkVus gsrqvi uk Qj l k mBk; k] brus es
agh
vof/kKkuhHkxoku i k'oZ
ukFk usdgk] bl ser dkVks
bl es
at ho
gS
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ml dsHkhrj j gusokysl i ZvkS
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. khfudy i M+
svkS
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t kusl sNVi VkusyxsA
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[ kdj Hkqdsl kFk fLFkr l q
HkkS
edq
ekj usdgk fd rw
vga
dkj o' k; g dq
r i dj dsrki dkghvkl z
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HkkS
e
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f/kr gks
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o] ' kkL= vkS
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# dsfl ok; dks
bZfgrdkj h ughagS
A
ft u/keZes
a.khr l Ppsri ' pj .k l sghdeZfut Z
j k gks
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feF; kri ] t ho fga
l kl fgr gks
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l e> rksx; k fdUrqi w
oZcS
j dk l a
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vuq
j kx l svFkok nq
%
[ ke; l a
l kj dsdkj .k l svFkok LoHkko l s
ghnq
"V gks
usl sml usLohdkj ughafd; k R
;q
r ~; g l q
HkkS
edq
ekj
vga
dkj hgks
dj es
j k frj Ldkj dj j gk gS, s
l k l e> og Hkxoku
i k'oZ
ukFk i j vf/kd ks
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^' kEcj * uke dk T; ks
fr"kh ns
o gksx; kA

ohj Kkuks
n; xz
UFkekyk

81

b/kj l i ZvkS
j l fi Z
. khdq
ekj dsmins
' kl s' kka
r Hkko dkskIr
gq
, rFkkej dj cM+
sghoS
Hko' kkyh/kj .ks
UvkS
j i n~
ekorhgksx; s
A
vua
r j Hkxoku t c rhl o"kZds gksx; s rc , d fnu
v; ks
/; k dsj kt k t ; l s
u usmke ?kks
M+
k vkfn dh Hks
a
V dsl kFk
vi uk nw
r Hkxoku i k'oZ
ukFk dsl ehi Hks
t kA Hkxoku usHks
a
V
ys
dj ml nw
r l sv; ks
/; kdhfoHkw
fr i w
NhAmkj es
anw
r usl cl s
i gysHkxoku _"kHkns
o dk o.kZ
u fd; ki ' pkr~v; ks/; k dk gky
dgkA ml h l e; _"kHknso dsl n`'k vi usdksr hFk
dj d`fr
dk cU/k gq
v k gS
] , slk l ksprsgq
, Hkxoku x`gokl l si w
. kZ
foj Dr gksx; svkS
j ykS
dka
fr d ns
oksa} kj k i w
t kdkskIr gq
, AHkq
ns
oks
a} kj k ykbZxbZfoeyk uke dhi kydh i j cS
Bdj v' oou
es
ai gq
p x; s
Aogkr s
yk dk fu; e ysdj i kS
"k d`".kk , dkn' khds
fnu kr %dky dsl e; fl ) Hkxoku dksueLdkj dj dsHkq
r hu l kSj kt kvksadsl kFk nhf{kr gksx; sA
i kj .kk dsfnu xq
Ye[ ks
V uxj ds/kU; uked j kt k usv"V
ea
xyO
; ks
al sHkqdki M+
xkgu dj vkgkj nku ns
dj i a
pk'p; ZkIr
dj fy; s
A Nn~
eLFk voLFkk dspkj ekl O
; rhr gkst kusi j
Hkxoku v' oou uked nh{kkou es
ai gq
pdj ns
onk# o`{k dsuhps
foj kt eku gks
dj /; ku es
ayhu gksx; s
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' kEcj T; ks
fr"kh vkdk'kekxZl st k j gk Fkk] vdLekr~ml dk
foeku #d x; k] ml sfoHka
xkof/k l si w
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j ca
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uk] egko`f"V] Hk; a
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ok; qvkfn l segk mil xZdj uk kj EHk dj fn; k] cM+
scM+
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hgksxbZ
Avkpk; ZdgrsgS
a

82

pkS
chl rhFkZ
a
dj

ns
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j k.khbu l i Zl fi Z
. khusvi usi j fd; s
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yrsgS
a
A
rnua
r j /; ku dsHkko l sHkqdkeks
guh; deZ{kh.kgksx; k
bl fy, cS
j hdeB dkl c mil xZnw
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fuj kt i k'oZ
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= d`".kk prq
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dky dsl e; fo' kk[ kk u{k= es
a
yks
dkyks
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aus
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cj
uke dkns
o HkhdkdkyyfC/ki kdj ml hl e; ' kka
r gksx; kvkS
j
ml usl E;Xn' kZ
u kIr dj fy; kA; g ns
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fr HkfDr dhA vkpk; ZdgrsgS
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a
A

ohj Kkuks
n; xz
UFkekyk

83

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1
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j
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84

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nz
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ohj Kkuks
n; xz
UFkekyk

85

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r
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nhi R
Fkj ds[ ka
Hks

86

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j d#.kk t kxz
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dj cxhpk Hkh nsfn; k
vkS
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fu dsi kl nh{kk /kkj .k dj yh] rc
fo' kk[ kHkw
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fdl h fnu eq
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nh vR
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a
s
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o gksx; s
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uks
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u l sgh v' oxzho dksekjdj f=[ k.Mkf/ki fr
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r dky rd j kT; y{eh
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uj d es
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mudksvl a
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a
r ls

ohj Kkuks
n; xz
UFkekyk

87

phjuk] dq
a
Hkh&
i kd es
ai dkuk] vfXu es
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M
dj uk vkfn dsvus
dks
anq
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r hl l kxj ks
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xdj ogkl sfudy dj i q
uj fi bl ht Ecw
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es
afl a
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dw
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afgeoku~i oZ
r dsf' k[ kj i j l q
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ckyks
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88

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ohj Kkuks
n; xz
UFkekyk

89

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gds
r qns
oia
pes
#vks
adhoa
nuk dj dsegku i q
. ; dk
la
p; dj rk j grk FkkA dHkh&dHkh ua
nhoj } hi es
ai gq
a
p dj
ckou ft u ea
fnj ks
adhoa
nuk dj usi gq
a
p t krk FkkA
ua
nhoj } hi&e/; yks
d es
al oZ
iz
Fke } hi dkuke t a
cw
} hi
gS, oavkBos
a} hi dk uke ua
nhoj } hi gS
A ogkapkj ks
afn' kkvks
a
es
a, d&, d va
t ufxfj i oZ
r gS
a
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t ufxfj dspkj ks
arj Q
, d&, d fo' kky ckofM+
; kagS
a; sckofM+
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dks
u gS
a
A bu i z
R
;s
d
ckofM+
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[ k* i oZ
r gS
a
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dkj pkj
va
t ufxfj l a
ca
hpkj &pkj nf/keq
[ k i oZ
r gks
usl sl ks
yg nf/keq
[k
ekusgS
a
Abu ckofM+
; ksadsckfgj hdksuks
ai j nks&nksj frdj i oZ
r gS
a
A

90

pkS
chl rhFkZ
a
dj

,s
l s; sj frdj ckhl gksx; sgS
A
a
bl i z
dkj pkj va
t ufxfj ] l ks
yg nf/keq
[ k , oackhl
j frdj , s
l s4$16$3252 ckou i oZ
r ks
ai j , d&, d ft u
ea
fnj cusgq
; sgS
a
A; svd`f=e ft u ea
fnj gS
a
A
og fl a
gdsrqnso bu ea
fnj ksadhoa
nukfd; kdj rk FkkAbl
iz
dkj nksl kxj dh vk; qi w
. kZdj og nso ogkal sP; q
r gks
dj
e/; yksd esavk x; kA

fo| k/kj j kt k dudks

TToy
rnua
r j ogkal sP; q
r gks
dj /kkrdh[ka
M} hi dsi w
oZ
es
: ls
iw
oZdh vks
j t ksfons
g{ks
= gSml dsea
xykorh ns
' k dsfot ; k/kZ
i oZ
r dhmkj Js
. khes
avR
;a
r Js
"B ^dudi z
Hk* uxj gS
Aogkads
j kt k dudi q
a
[ k fo| k/kj vkS
j mudh egkj kuh dudekyk ds
dudks
TToy uke dki q
= gq
v kAdkyka
r j es
aj kt kdudi q
a
[ kusi q
=
dksj kT; Hkkj l kS
a
i fn; kA, d fnu j kt k dudks
TToy vi uhj kuh
dudorhdsl kFk oa
nuk dj usdsfy; sea
nj fxfj &l q
es
: i oZ
r ij
i gq
a
p x; s
A ogkaHkxoa
r ks
adh i z
frekvks
adsn' kZ
u dj dsegkeq
fu
^Jhfi z
; fe=* xq
: dsn' kZ
u fd; soseq
fuj kt vof/kKkuh Fks
A mu
fo| k/kj j kt kdudks
TToy usHkfDri w
oZ
d egkeq
fu dhrhu i z
nf{k.kk
ns
dj mUgs
aueLdkj fd; k vkS
j iz
' u fd; k&
gsHkxou~
! /keZdk Lo: i dfg, A
egkeq
fu usdgk&
/keks
Zn; ke; ks/keZ
] J; /kes
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Z
A
eq
fDr /kes
. k dekfZ.k] fNa
Z
f/k /kekZ
; l Uefre~
AA
ns
fg uki s
fg /kek
Zoa
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L; Hk`R
; rke~
A
/kes
Zfr"B fpj a/keZ
] i kfg ekfefr fpa
a
r ; AA
gsoR
l ! /keZn; ke; gS
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e /keZdkvkJ; dj ks] /keZds} kjk
ghrq
e eks{kdsfudVi gq
a
p l drsgks]/keZds} kjkrq
e deZ
ca
/ku dk
Ns
nu dj ks] /keZdsfy; sl n~
cq
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&
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ohj Kkuks
n; xz
UFkekyk

91

/keZdhnkl rkLohdkj dj ks
] /keZesafLFkj j gksvkS
j gs/keZ
! rq
e es
jh
j {kk dj ksA bl i z
dkj /keZdk fu' p; dj dsl krks
afoHkfDr; ksads
} kjk /keZdk fpa
r u dj rsj gksA , slk dj usl srq
e dq
N ghl e;
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&
a Hkoks
aesaeks
{k dksi zkIr dj yksxsA
j kt kdudks
TToy eq
fuj kt l s/keZ
: i hj l k; u dki ku dj
,s
l sl a
rq
"Vgq
; st S
l sfd I; kl keuq
"; t y i kdj l a
rq
"VgksrkgS
Aj kt k
usml h{k.kHkks
xks
al sfoj Dr gksoS
j kX; Hkkoukdkfpa
r u fd; kvkS
j
l eLr i fj xz
g dk R
; kx dj xq
# nso l snh{kk xz
g.k dj yhA
cgq
r fnuks
ard vkbZ
l ew
yxq
. kks
adk i kyu dj rsgq
;s
fogkj fd; kA dHkh osouks
aes
avkR
ek dk /; ku dj rsFks
A dHkh
vkrki u ; ks
x l sfLFkr gksl a
l kj ] ' kj hj vkS
j Hkks
xks
adhvl kj rk
dk fpa
r u dj rsgq
; sfpPpS
r U; Lo: i vkR
ek dk fpa
r u dj rsFks
A
dHkhft uea
fnj ks
aes
at kdj Hkxoa
r ks
adhoa
nukdj dsukuki z
dkj dh
Lrq
fr dj rsgq
; segku i q
. ; dk l a
p; fd; k dj rsFkA
s
bl i zdkj l a
; e dhl k/kukdj rsgq
; svk; qdsva
r esal a
U;kl
fof/k l sej .k dj dsl a
; e dsi zHkko l sl krosaLoxZesanso gksx; sA

l kros
aLoxZes
ans
o
ogkans
o mii kn' k; k l smBdj cS
Bdj vof/kKku dks
iz
kIr dj dsfpa
r u dj usyxs
&
eS
a
ust S
us
oj hnh{kk ys
dj t ksl a
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dsQyLo: i ; g ns
oks
adk oS
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kIr fd; k gS
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dkfpa
r u dj rsgq
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iz
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fnj es
at kdj HkfDri w
oZ
d
Hkxoku dhi w
t k dhAvua
r j vi usns
oi fj okj dschp es
acS
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l Hkkl nks
aes
appkZdj rsFks
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adsu`R
; dksns
[ krs
gq
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oks
adsl q
[ kks
adk vuq
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A
dHkh&dHkhe/; yksd es
avkdj Hkxoku dsl eol j .k esa
i gq
a
pdj Hkxoku dhLr q
fr &oa
nuk dj dsdYi okl hnsoksadhl Hkk
es
acS
B x; s
AHkxoku dhfnO
; /ofu l q
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rq
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; si q
u%vi us

92

pkS
chl rhFkZ
a
dj

iw
oZ
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fnO
; /ofu l svi usvkxsdsHkoks
adksl q
udj vrho i z
l Uu gq
;s
fd eS
avc l krHkoksadsckn fu; e l sl a
l kj dsnq
%
[ kka
sl sNq
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iz
kIr dj yw
a
xkA
dHkh&dHkh; sns
o l eol j .k dsoS
Hko dksns
[ kdj fpa
ru
fd; kdj rsFksfd l peq
p es
a, d fnu Hkj r{ks
= dsva
fre rhFkZ
a
dj
ds: i es
aes
j k Hkh l eol j .k ns
oks
a} kj k cuk; k t kos
xk ; g l c
iq
. ; dhghefgek gS
A
dHkh&dHkh; snso LoxZesaghvi usua
nuou es
anso&nsoka
xukvksa
dsl kFkt yhM+
k] xhr] l a
xhr] u`R
; vkfn dj rsgq
; svkeks
n&i z
eks
n
es
al e; ; ki u dj rsFks
A
dHkh roppkZea
s fueXu gksrs Fks rks dHkh vd`f=e
pS
R
; ky; ks
adhoa
nuk dj rsgq
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p; dj rsFks
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iq
u%i q
u%e/; yks
d es
avkdj Hkxoku dsl eol j .k es
a
ukuki z
dkj dsi z
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al sckj gx.kks
adsHkO
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adksHkhl a
rq
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Fks
Ai z
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adsmkj es
aJhx.k/kj ns
o dgrsFks
&
HkO
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ekvks
!lq
a
uks
] ; g vfga
l ki z/kku /keZpkj i zdkj dkgS
A
t hon; k] j R
u=; ] oLrq
LoHkko vkS
j n' ky{k.kLo: i A i zk.khek= ds
iz
fr d#.kkHkkouk] l a
dYihfga
l kdkR
; kx ; ki w
. kZ
: is
. k=l ] LFkkoj
Lo: i "kV~
dk; dst hoksadh fga
l k dk R
; kx dj uk ^vfga
l k /keZ
&
t hon; k /keZgS
A
l E;Xn' kZ
u] l E;XKku vkS
j l E;d~
pkfj =Lo: i j R
u=; dks
Lohdkj uk j R
u=; /keZgS
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t hodk Lo: i Kkun' kZ
ue; gS
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n~
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vps
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ru
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mke {kek] eknZ
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vkfda
pU; vkS
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Js
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/keks
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Z
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avkS
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x.kbUgs
ai w
. kZ
: i l si kyu

ohj Kkuks
n; xz
UFkekyk

93

dj rsgq
; sml hHko l s; knkspkj Hkoks
al seks
{ki z
kIr dj ys
r sgS
a
A
bl i z
dkj ogkal kros
a
&yka
r o uked LoxZes
ars
j g l kxj
dhvk; qi z
ek.kl q
[ kks
adkvuq
Hko dj va
r es
al ekf/ki w
oZ
d iz
k.kks
adks
Nks
M+
dj bl e/; yks
d es
avorh.kZgksx; s
A

j kt kgfj "ks
.k
bl h t a
cw
} hi ds Hkj r{ks= esadkS
' ky ns
' k gS
A ml dh
j kt /kkuhl kds
ri q
j h&
v; ks
/; k es
aj kt k ot z
ls
u dh j kuh' khyorh
Fkha
Al kros
aLoxZl s
P; q
r gks
dj ml ns
o dk t ho j kuh' khyorhds
xHkZes
avk x; kAj kuhusmke&mke nks
gysi z
kIr fd; s
Auo ekg
dsckn i =
q dkt Ue gks
r sghj kt k usi w
j s' kgj es
amR
l o euk; kA
i=
q dk uke ^gfj "ks
. k* j [ kkA ckY; hM+
kvks
ads} kj k ekrk&fi rk
vkfn i fj okj dst uks
adksgf"kZ
r dj rsgq
; st gkaj kt egy es
avkua
n
dho`f) dj j gsFksoghai w
j hv; ks
/; kdsukxfj dks
adsvkua
n l eq
nz
dksc<+
kj gsFks
A; q
okoLFkk es
aj kt k ot z
ls
u usvi usi q
= dksj kT;
l kS
a
i fn; kA
dHkh&dHkh; sj kt k gfj "ks
. k vi uhj kT; l Hkk es
aurZ
fd; ks
a
dk u`R
; vkfn ns
[ krsgq
; svkua
n foHkks
j gkst krsFks
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/kekZ
uq
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al si z
t k dks/keZes
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n dk vuq
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dj l kj ghu ekyk ds l eku l eLr
j kT; y{ehdk R
; kx dj fn; k rFkk mke oz
r vkS
j ' kkL=Kku l s
l 'qkks
fHkr JhJq
r l kxj egkeq
fu dsi kl t S
us
oj hnh{kk xz
g.k dj
yhA nh{kk dsl e; mudsxq
# us^f' k"; gfj "ks
. k* dseLrd i j
fof/kor~ea
=ks
al svkbZ
l ew
yxq
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adsl a
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vua
r j dq
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# dsfudV j gdj i ' pkr~xq
# dhvkKk l s
ft udYi h , dyfogkj h egkeq
fu cu x; s
A
rc ; sgfj "ks
. k eq
fuj kt i oZ
r ks
adhpks
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dj rsFks
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aes
ai oZ
r dhpks
Vhi j /; ku dj ukvkrki u
; ks
x gS
A o"kkZ
_ rqes
ao`{kks
adsuhps/; ku yxkdj cS
B t kuk , oa

94

pkS
chl rhFkZ
a
dj

' khr_rqes
a[ kq
yseS
nku es
a/; ku dj uk ; g f=dky ; ks
x dgykrk
gS
A dgk HkhgS&
fxEgsfxfj fl gj R
Fkk ofj l k; kys: D[ kew
yj ; .khl q
A
fl fl j sckfgj l ; .kk rsl kgwoa
fneksf.kPpa
AA
xz
h"edky esai oZ
r dsf' k[ kj i j fLFkr gksdj ] o"kkZ
dky
es
aj kf= esao`{kks
adsuhpscS
Bdj , oa' khr dky esa[ kq
yseS
nku esa
fLFkr gksdj t ksr i L; k dj rsgS
a, slsl k/kq
v ksadh ge fuR; gh
oa
nuk dj r sgS
a
A
dHkh&dHkh; segkeq
fu m| ku es
avk; sgq
; sf' k"; l ew
g ds
fy; s/keZdk mins'k fn; k dj rsFks
A ; g /kekZ
e`r dh o"kkZl Pps
l k/kqghdj l drsgS
a
Avkt dy bl i a
pedky esa; gkabl Hkjr{ks=
es
a, slsl R
; /keZdsmins'kd eq
fu cgq
r ghnq
yZ
Hk gS
a
Adgk HkhgS
&
dfyi z
ko`M~feF; kfn ~
es
?kPNUukl qfnf{ogA
[ k| ks
r or~l q
ns
"Vkjksgk | ks
r UrsDofpr~
&Dofpr~
AA
bl dfydky : i ho"kkZ
dky es
apkj ks
arj Q l sfeF; kR
o ds
ckny Nk; sgq
; sgS
a
A, s
l sl e; es
al Pps/keZdsmins
"Vk t q
xq
uwds
l eku dgha
&dghaghpedrsgS
a
A; g cM+
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n dhckr gS
A
fda
r qegkeq
fu gfj "ks.k r ks pr q
FkZ
dky esa, d egku
l k/kqgq
; sgS
a
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f) dksc<+
kr sgq
; sva
r esa
l ekf/ki w
oZ
d ' kj hj dksNksM+
k v kS
j egk' kq
uke dsnl osaLoxZ
esansoi n dksi zkIr gksx; sA

nl os
aLoxZes
ans
o
ogkai j egk'kq
LoxZes
agfj "ks
. kpj ns
o vi uhns
oka
xukvks
a
vkS
j ns
oi fj okj dsl kFk vus
d fnO
;l q
[ kks
adk vuq
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Fks
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d es
al a
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frZegkeq
fu; ks
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ukFkZ
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] ; gkavkdj eq
fu; ks
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nuk] HkfDr dj dsmuds
iz
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iz
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d ds458 ft uea
fnj ks
adh

ohj Kkuks
n; xz
UFkekyk

95

oa
nuk dj rsFks
A dHkh&dHkht a
cw
} hi dsHkjr{ks
= dsfgeoku i oZ
r
i j vkdj i n~
el j ks
oj vkfn ds deyksadh l a
nj rk ns[krs gq
q
;s
^Jhns
oh* dsegy esaea
fnj dkHkhn' kZ
u dj rsFks
Afgeoku i oZ
r ds
X;kjg dw
Vks
aesat ksi w
oZfn' kk dk fl ) dw
V gSogkat kdj vd`f=e
ft uea
fnj dhft u i zfrekvksadhoa
nukdj rsAi q
u%fot ; k/kZi oZ
r ds
uo dw
Vks
aesal st ksi w
oZfn' kk dk , d fl ) dw
V gSml dsft uea
fnj
dh oa
nuk dj dsxa
xk&fl a
/kqufn; ks
adh j e.kh; rk ns
[ krsFks
A t ks
Hkj r{ks
= dhj puk gSml dk voyks
du dj rsgq
; sNg [ k.Mks
adk
foHkkt u , oavk; Z
[ ka
Mes
av; ks
/; k] l Ees
nf' k[ kj t S
l s' kkor rhFkks
a
Z
dhoa
nukdj dsfot ; k/kZdsfo| k/kj ks
adhJs
f.k; ks
aes
aHkht ksd`f=e
ft uea
fnj gS
arFkk ogkat ks ds
oyh] Jq
r ds
oyh] egkeq
fu vkfn
rR
dky es
afo| eku Fksmudsn' kZ
u dj dsi z
l Uu gks
r sFks
A
ns
oks
aes
al E;Xn`f"V ns
oks
adk rks; g LoHkko gh ekuuk
pkfg; sfd e/; yks
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u dj uk] rhFkZ
a
dj ks
a
dsl eol j .kesat kuk]vd`f=e&d`f=e t S
u ea
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a
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cw
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dsrFkk ua
nhoj } hi] da
Myoj } hi vkS
q
j #pdj oj } hi ds
vd`f=e ft u ea
fnj ks
adh oa
nuk dj uk] l oZ
= fof; k dscy l s
fopj .k dj rsgq
; sHkj r{ks
= vkfn dh l a
nj rk dksns
q
[ kuk bR
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vkua
n dsfy; sghughai z
R
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r ~egku l fr' k; i q
. ; ca
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a
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eku es
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} hi uke dsi z
Fke } hi dhl a
nj HkO
q
;
vkd"kZ
d j puk gfLruki q
j rhFkZ{ks
= i j cuh gq
bZgS
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vki l HkhHkO
; kR
ekt a
cw
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g{ks= vkfn dh
lq
nj rk dk vuq
a
eku yxk l drsgS
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a
Hkko gfLruki q
j
i gq
pdj t Ecw
} hi dkn' kZ
u dj rsgS
amudseq
[ kl s, dckj l gl k; g
okD; fudyrkgSfd &^vgks! ge rksLoxZes
avkx; s
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j D; k gksxk \
t c d`f=e j puk dksns
[ kdj bruk vkua
n gks
r k gSrc

96

pkS
chl rhFkZ
a
dj

Hkyk t ksvd`f=e j pukvks

adk l k{kkR
dkj dj rsgks
a
xsmUgs
afdruk
vkua
niz
kIr gks
r k gks
xk\ okLro es
ans
ox.k , s
l svkua
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:i
Jq
r dkKku xq
# dseq
[ kl sghi z
kIr gks
r kgSdHkhfdl hdksfcuk
xq
# dsughagks
r k gS
A
rhFkZ
a
dj i z
d`fr dk ca
/k
fnxEcj eq
fu i a
pegkoz
r] i a
pl fefr] i a
ps
fUnz
; fuj ks
/k] "kV~
vko' ; d fdz
; k] ds
' kyks
a
p] oL=ks
adk i w
. kZR
; kx] Luku dk R
; kx]
i `Fohi j ' k; u] na
r /kkou dk R
; kx] cM+
sgks
dj Hkks
t u vkS
j ,d
ckj Hkks
t u bl i z
dkj vV~
BkbZ
l ew
yxq
. kks
adk i kyu dj rsgS
a
A
l Eiw
. kZvkj a
Hk vkS
j i fj xz
g l sj fgr Kku&/; ku es
aj r j grsgS
a
A
i j h"kg vkS
j mil xks
adks' kka
Z
fr vkS
j {kekHkko l sl gu dj rsgS
a
A
mR
re {kekfn nl /keks
adk i kyu dj rsgS
Z
a
A ua
n eq
fuj kt us?kks
j
ri ' pj .k l svi uhvkR
ek dksfueZ
y cuk fy; k , oan' kZ
ufo' kq
f)

ohj Kkuks
n; xz
UFkekyk

103

vkfn l ks
ygdkj .k Hkkoukvks
adk fpa
r ou dj usyxs
A l kfr' k;
rhFkZ
a
dj i z
d`fr dk ca
/k dj kuses
al eFkZmu Hkkoukvka
sdk l a
f{kIr
y{k.k bl i z
dkj gS
A
l ks
yg dkj.k Hkkouk&
1- n' kZ
u fo' kq
f) & i Pphl ey nks
"kj fgr fo' kq
) l E;Xn' kZ
u
dks/kkj .k dj ukA
2- fou; l EiUurk&ns
o ' kkL= xq
# rFkk j R
u=; dh fou;
dj ukA
3- ' khyoz
r ks
aes
avufrpkj &oz
r ks
avkS
j ' khyks
aes
avfrpkj ugha
yxkukA
4- vHkh{.kKkuks
i ; ks
x&l nk Kku dsvH; kl es
ayxsj gukA
5- l a
os
x&/keZvkS
j /keZdsQy es
avuq
j kx gks
ukA
6- ' kfrLri & vi uh ' kfDR
k dksu fNi k dj vUrj a
x
cfgj a
x ri dj ukA
7- ' kfrLR
; kx& vi uh' kfDr dsvuq
l kj vkgkj ] vkS
"kf/k]
vHk; vkjS ' kkL= nku ns
ukA
8- l k/kql ekf/k&l k/kq
v ks
adk mil xZvkfn nw
j dj uk ; k
l ekf/k l fgr ohj ej .k dj ukA
9- oS
; ko`R;dj .k&ozrh] R;kxh] l k/kehZdh l sok dj uk]
oS
; ko`fk dj ukA
10- vgZ
a
r HkfDr&vj ga
r Hkxoku~dhHkfDr dj ukA
11- vkpk; ZHkfDr&vkpk; ZdhHkfDr dj ukA
12- cgq
Jq
r HkfDR
k&mik/; k; i j es
"Bh dhHkfDr dj ukA
13- i z
opu HkfDr&ft uok.kh dh HkfDr dj ukA
14- vko' ; d v i fj gkf.k&Ng v ko' ; d fdz;kv ksa dk
l ko/kkuhl si kyu dj ukA
15- ekxZi z
Hkkouk&t S
u/keZdk i z
Hkko QS
ykukA
16- i z
opu oR
l yR
o&l k/kehZ
t uks
aes
avxk/k i z
e dj ukA
s
bu l ks
yg Hkkoukvks
aes
an' kZ
ufo' kq
f) Hkkouk dk gks
uk cgq
r

104

pkS
chl rhFkZ
a
dj

t : j hgSfQj ml dsl kFk nksrhu vkfn fdruhHkhHkkouk; s

agks
; kl Hkhgks
arksrhFkZ
a
dj i z
d`fr dkca
/kgksl drkgS
AuUn eq
fuj kt
usbu Hkkoukvks
al srhu yks
d es
avk'p; ZdksmR
i Uu dj kusokyh
^rhFkZ
a
dj * i z
o`fR
r dk ca
/k dj fy; kAvk; qdsva
r es
avkj k/kuk l s
ej dj vP; q
r LoxZdsi q
"i ks
R
rj foeku es
aJs
"B ba
nzgksx; s
A
i kBd o`a
n! ns
f[ k; s
! iq
#j ok Hkhy e| &eka
l &e/kqdsR
; kx l s
l kS
/keZLoxZdsl q
[ k dk vuq
Hko dj pdz
orhZdk i q
= gq
v kA i q
u%
feF; kR
o vkS
j ekud"kk; l sl fgr FkkfQj HkhvYi vkj a
Hki fj xz
g
j [ kusl svkS
j ea
n d"kk; ks
adsgks
usl srFkkdq
r i ' pj .kdsi z
Hkko l s
ns
o gksx; kAi ka
p ckj i kfj oz
kt d cuk o Ng ckj ns
o i n i k; kA
fdUrqvkxsfeF; kR
o dsfufeR
r l s=l &LFkkoj vkS
j fuxks
n:i
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j dq
; ks
fu; ks
aes
avl a
[ ; kr o"kZi ; Z
r ?kw
a
erkj gkAdnkfpr~fo' oua
nh
eq
fu Hkhgq
v k rksfunku l snw
f"kr gks
dj v/kZ
pdz
hi n dk vuq
Hko
dj dsHkh uj dks
adsegku~nq
%
[ k Hkks
xs
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g dh i ; kZ
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a
l E;DR
oj R
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kIr dj fy; k rc v.kq
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l Yys
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re ns
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g dst ho usvkxspydj pkj ckj l E;DR
o
l fgr eq
fu oz
r /kkj .k fd; k rFkk ^ l a
l kj h t hoks
adksnq
%
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amR
re l q
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ai gq
pknw
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neq
fuj kt * us vl a
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kf.k; ks
ai j
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xz
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l hrhFkZ
a
dj i z
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vP; q
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ua
n egkeq
fu l ekf/kej .k dsi z
Hkko l sl ks
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ns
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&

ohj Kkuks
n; xz
UFkekyk

105

ns
gLl ; f.kO
okh fHk..keq
gq
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. k gks
b ns
ok.ka
A
1
lO
oa
xHkw
l .kxq
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O
o.kef.k gks
fn ns
gfEeAA
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&
t ksO
o.ka
&
; kS
oua i zFkeo; %i j ej e.kh; koLFkk
l okZ
ya
dkjl efUorkvfr' k; efr' kks
Hkual oZ
t uu; ukYgknui j a
] gksfn&
Hkofr] ns
gfEe&
ns
gs' kj hjs
Ans
okuka; kS
ouefi ' kks
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a
xHkw
"k.k; q
ra
rs
uS
o fHkUueq
gw
rs
u HkorhfrA
Z
Hkouokl hvkfn pkjks
ai zdkj dsnsoksadsdq
N de nks?kM+
hds
dky l s dq
N de va
r eq
Z
gw
r Zdsdky l sNgksai ; kZ
fIr; kai w
. kZgkst krh
gS
A l oZ
a
dk; Zdj usesal eFkZ' kjhj Hkhi w
. kZcu t krk gS
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j]
eLrd] da
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xq
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ya
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ekufl d i z
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ou FkkvFkkZ
r ~eu es
aghns
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xukvks
adk
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vkfn fnO
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dkj dsl q
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mudkvof/kKku NBhi `Fohrd dhckrks
adkst ku ys
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fof; k dhl hek Fkh mudsvof/kKku {ks= dscj kcj FkhA vi us
l kekfud vkfn nsoksavkS
j nsoka
xukvks
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; sosbn
az
j kt vi us
iq
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[ k: i hl kxj esal nkfueXu j grsFksA
dHkhosvi uhbUnz
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ans
o vIl j kvks
adk u`R
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Fks
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o&ns
fo; ks
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at kdj } hi&l eq
nz
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adh
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[ kdj vkua
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d es
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j kt #pdoj } hi vkfn es
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a
pdj 1008
fnO
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al s ft ui z
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adk

106

pkS
chl rhFkZ
a
dj

egkfHk"ks
d dj dsmR
l o eukrsFks
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O
; l si w
t kdj rsFksvkS
j
egku i q
. ; dk l a
p; dj fy; k dj rsFks
A
bl i z
dkj ; svP; q
rs
Unzl kxj i oZ
a
r fnO
; lq
[ kks
adkvuq
Hko
dj dst c euq
"; yks
d es
avkusokysFks
] vk; qes
aNg ekg ' ks
"kj g
x; srd l kS
/kes
Unzusdq
Z
cs
j dksvkKk nh fd bl t a
cw
} hi ds
Hkj r{ks
= dsvk; Z
[ ka
Mes
adq
a
Myi q
j uxj es
ava
fre rhFkZ
a
dj dkt Ue
gks
usokykgSvr%rq
e t kdj t Ue l si a
nz
g efgusi w
oZl sghj R
uks
a
dh o"kkZdj uk i z
ka
j Hk dj nks
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rs
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j j kt vi usi q
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kj
foeku es
aghFksvkS
j ; gkadq
a
Myi q
j dk ekgkR
E; c<+
usyxk FkkA
ia
pdY; k.kd oS
Hko&
t c vP; q
r sUnzdh vk; qNg ekl ckdh j g xbZrc bl
Hkjr {ks
= ds fons
g uked ns'k l a
ca
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a
Miq
j&
dq
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a
j 1 uxj

fudV ukya
nk&fcgkj i z
ns
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iz
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M+i z
ek.kj R
uksadh/kkjkcj l usyxhAvk"kk<+
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yg
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j iq
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R
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kr%
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lq
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rq
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aus vkdj xHkZ
dY; k.kd mR
l o eukdj ekrk&fi rk dk vfHk"ksd dj ds mR
lo
euk; kA
uo ekl i w
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usdsckn pS
= ' kq
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n' khdsfnu j kuh
f=' kykusi q
= dkst Ue fn; kAHkxoku egkohj dkt Ue rs
j l dh
j kf= es
agq
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fryks
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r] vf/kdkj 4A 2- dl k; ki kgq
M] i q
Lrd 1] i `- 77

ohj Kkuks
n; xz
UFkekyk

107

dsLokehukFkoa
' khfl ) kFkZuj sUnzdh j kuhf=' kyk ns
ohdsxHkZesa
vkdj vkS
j ogkauo ekl vkB fnu j gdj pS
=' kq
Dyk =; ksn' khds
fnu j kf= es
amR
rj kQkYxq
uhu{k= dsj grsgq
; so) Z
eku ft usUnzus
t Ue fy; kAml l e; ns
oks
adsLFkkuks
aesavi usvki ok| ct usyxs]
rhuks
ayksdks
aesal oZ
= , d g"kZdhygj nkS
M+xbZ
Al kS
/keZbUnzuscM+
s
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Hko dsl kFk l q
es: i oZ
r dhi ka
Mq
df' kyk i j {khjl kxj dst y l s
Hkxoku dkt UekfHk"ksd fd; kAbUnzusml l e; mudss^^ohj** vkS
j
^^o/kZ
eku** , s
l snksuke j [ ksA
Jhi k'oZ
ukFkrhFkZ
a
dj dsckn nksl kSi Ppkl o"kZchr t kus
i j Jhegkohj LokehmR
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a' kkfey
gS
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mudsl ehi vkdj mudsn' kZ
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mu eq
fu usmu ckyd dk^^l Uefr** uke j [ kkAfdl hl e; l a
xe
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j Hkxoku dksl Qy ns[kdj
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r hl o"kZdsckn Hkxoku dksi w
oZ
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fd; kA fdl h l e; mTt f; uh dsvfr eq
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dj mil xZdj dsfot ; h
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dkS
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x; k rHkh pa
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oZ
d egkeq
fu egkohj dks

108

pkS
chl rhFkZ
a
dj

vkgkj ns
dj i a
pk' p; Zi zkIr fd; kA
Nn~
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fHkd xz
ke dh
_t q
dw
yk unh dsfdukj seuks
gj uked ou es
al kyo`{k dsuhps
oS
' kk[ k ' kq
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oyKku i z
kIr gksx; kA
ml l e; bUnzusds
oyKku dhi w
t k dhA Hkxoku dhfnO
; /ofu
dsu f[ kj usi j bUnzxkS
r e xks
=h; bUnz
Hkw
fr cz
k.k dks; q
fDr l s
yk; src mudk eku xfyr gks
r sghosHkxoku l snhf{kr gks
dj
eu%
i;Z
; Kku vkS
j l Ir_f) l sfoHkw
f"kr gks
dj i z
Fke x.k/kj gks
x; src Hkxoku dhfnO
; /ofu f[ kj hA Jko.k d`".k , de dsfnu
fnO
; /ofu dksl q
udj xkS
r e x.k/kj usl k; a
dky es
a
s} kn' kka
x Jq
r
dh j puk dhA bl dsckn ok; q
Hkw
fr vkfn X;kj g x.k/kj gq
, gS
a
A
Hkxoku dsl eol j .k es
aeq
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ng gt kj Fkh]
pa
nuk vkfn NR
rhl gt kj vkf; Z
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yk[ k Jkfodk; s
a
] vl a
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ohj Kkuks
n; xz
UFkekyk

109

Jq
r Kku dsHks
n
Jq
r Kkudsva
x iz
fo"V vkS
j va
xck ; snksHks
n HkhekusgS
a
A
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2- j R
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110

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chl rhFkZ
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orZ
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l B ' kykdk i q
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adsuke

bl prq
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l sHkxoku _"kHkns
o iz
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fe] i k'oZ
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ohj Kkuks
n; xz
UFkekyk

111

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ek.k /keZ
r hFkZdk mPNs
n j gk gS
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a
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. khdsnks
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l s; sl kr O
;q
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n gks
r sgS
a
A
dq
nku dh i z
Fkk&
Jh' khr yukFk dsr hFkZdsva
fr e Hkkx esadky nks
"k l s
oDr k] Jksrk vkS
j vkpj .k dj usokyks
adk vHkko gkst kusl s
l ehphu /keZdkuk' kgksx; kAefny ns'kesaey; ns'kdkj kt k
es
?kj Fk dq
N nku nsuk pkgr k Fkk ml usdq
ekxZ
xkeh i j a
ijkl s
vkxr vkgkj ] vkS
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dj
eq
a
M'kkyk; u cz
k.kds} kj kdgsgq
, dU;knku] gfLrnku] l q
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nku]
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nk i q
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a
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112

pkS
chl rhFkZ
a
dj

rhFkZ
a
dj ks
adk va
r j ky&
Hkxoku _"kHkns
o dseks
{k pyst kusdsckn i pkl yk[ k
dj ks
M+l kxj chr t kusi j vft rukFkrhFkZ
a
dj dk t Ue gq
v kFkkA
budhvk; qHkhbl hva
r j ky es
a' kkfey FkhA
vkxsl oZ
= va
r j ky dh l a
[ ; k es
amu&mu rhFkZ
a
dj ks
adh
vk; qdksl fEefyr ghl e>ukA
Jh vft rukFk rhFkZ
a
dj dseks
{k t kusdsckn rhl yk[ k
dj ks
M+l kxj chr t kusi j l a
HkoukFk mR
i Uu gq
, Fks
A
Jhl a
HkoukFk dsckn nl yk[ k dj ks
M+o"kZdk va
r j ky chr
t kusi j vfHkua
nuukFk vorh.kZgq
, Fks
A
budsckn ukSyk[ k dj ks
M+l kxj chr t kusi j l q
efrukFk
mR
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budsckn uCcsgt kj dj ks
M+l kxj chr t kusi j i n~
ei z
Hk
rhFkZ
a
dj mR
i Uu gq
, Fks
A
budsvua
r j ukSgt kj dj ks
M+l kxj chr t kusi j l q
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ukFk
mR
i Uu gq
, Fks
A
vua
r j ukSl kSdj ks
M+l kxj dk va
r j chr t kusi j pa
nz
iz
Hk
ft us
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bl dsi ' pkr~uCcsdj ks
M+l kxj dk va
r j fudy t kusi j
iq
"i na
r rhFkZ
a
dj gq
, gS
a
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budsckn ukSdj ks
M+l kxj dkva
r j chr t kusi j ' khryukFk
ust Ue fy; k gS
A
bu ' khryukFk dsvua
r j t c l kSl kxj rFkk N; kl B yk[ k
NCchl gt kj o"kZde , d l kxj i z
ek.k va
r j ky fudy x; k rc
Js
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l ukFk dk t Ue gq
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l ukFk dsckn t c pkS
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r j chr pq
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budsckn t c rhl l kxj o"kZchr x; svkS
j i Y; dsva
fre

ohj Kkuks
n; xz
UFkekyk

113

Hkkx esa/keZdkfoPNs
n gksx; kFkkrc foeyukFkdkt Ue gq
v kFkkA
foeyukFkdseks
{kpyst kusdsckn ukSl kxj vkS
j i kS
u i Y;
chr t kusi j rFkk va
fre l e; es
a/keZdk foPNs
n gkst kusi j
Jhvua
r ukFk dk t Ue gq
v k FkkA
budsckn pkj l kxj i zek.kdky chr pq
dkvkS
j va
fre i Y; dk
vk/kk Hkkx t c /keZj fgr gksx; k rc /keZ
ukFk dk t Ue gq
v k FkkA
/keZ
ukFk dsckn i kS
u i Y; de rhu l kxj dschr t kusi j
rFkk i ko i Y; rd /keZdk foPNs
n gksys
usi j Jh ' kka
frukFk
Hkxoku mR
i Uu gq
, Fks
A
budsckn v/kZ
i Y; chr t kusi j Jhdq
a
Fkq
ukFkmR
i Uu gq
, gS
a
A
budsvua
r j , d gt kj dj ks
M+o"kZde i Y; dk prq
FkZHkkx
chr t kusi j Jhvj ukFk mR
i Uu gq
, gS
A
budsckn , d gt kj dj ks
M+o"kZchr t kusi j efYyukFk
mR
i Uu gq
, gS
a
A
buds ckn pkS
ou yk[ k o"kZchr t kus i j eq
ful q
oz
r ukFk
mR
i Uu gq
, gS
a
A
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i Uu gq
, gS
a
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i Uu gq
, gS
a
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Jh us
feukFk Hkxoku dsckn frj kl h gt kj l kr l kSi pkl
o"kZchr t kusi j i k'oZ
ukFk ft us
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v k gS
A
Jh i k'oZ
ukFk dsckn nksl kSi pkl o"kZchr t kusi j Jh
egkohj LokehmR
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rhFkZ
a
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114

pkS
chl rhFkZ
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ft u mxz
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ful q
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j
us
feukFk gfj oa
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aea
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s
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ohj Kkuks
n; xz
UFkekyk

115

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1

10

11

12

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350

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300

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250

30

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200

20

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150

10

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100

10

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90

11

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80

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70

72

13

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50

30

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45

10

16

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40

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35

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30

84

19

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25

55

20

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15

10

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