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Definition & Classification of Power System Stability

This document defines and classifies different types of power system stability. It discusses rotor angle stability, voltage stability, and frequency stability. Rotor angle stability refers to the ability of synchronous generators to remain in synchronism after a disturbance and is classified as small or large disturbance rotor angle stability. Voltage stability is the ability to maintain steady voltages and is classified as small or large disturbance voltage stability. Frequency stability refers to maintaining steady frequency following a generation-load imbalance. The document also compares rotor angle and voltage stability and provides references for further information.

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Shahab khan
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3K views

Definition & Classification of Power System Stability

This document defines and classifies different types of power system stability. It discusses rotor angle stability, voltage stability, and frequency stability. Rotor angle stability refers to the ability of synchronous generators to remain in synchronism after a disturbance and is classified as small or large disturbance rotor angle stability. Voltage stability is the ability to maintain steady voltages and is classified as small or large disturbance voltage stability. Frequency stability refers to maintaining steady frequency following a generation-load imbalance. The document also compares rotor angle and voltage stability and provides references for further information.

Uploaded by

Shahab khan
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Definition &

Classification of Power
System Stability

Presented by:
ShahabKhan ReshadatAli Sharib Husain
Contents
Power System Stability Overview
Power System Stability: A Proposed Definition
Need of Stability Classification
Power System Stability Classification
Rotor Angle Stability
Voltage Stability
Frequency Stability
Rotor Angle Stability vs. Voltage Stability
References

2

Power System Stability
Overview
Po w e r syste m is d e fin e d a s a n e tw o rk o f o n e o r
m o re g e n e ra tin g u n its, lo a d s a n d p o w e r
tra n sm issio n lin e s in clu d in g th e a sso cia te d
e q u ip m e n ts co n n e cte d to it.

The stability of a power system is its ability to
develop restoring forces equal to or greater
than the disturbing forces to maintain the
state of equilibrium.

Power system stability problem gets more
pronounced in case of interconnection of large
3
Power System Stability: A
Proposed Definition

Power system stability is the ability of an
electric power
system, for a given initial operating condition,

to regain a
state of operating equilibrium after being

subjected to a
physical disturbance, with most system variables

bounded
so that practically the entire system remains

intact.
4
Need of Stability
Classification
Stability analysis is easier. Also itleads to
p ro p e r a n d e ffe ctive u n d e rsta n d in g o f
d iffe re n t p o w e r syste m in sta b ilitie s.

Key factors that leads to instability can be
easily identified.

Methods can be devised for improving power
system stability.


5
Power System Stability
Classification
Rotor angle stability.
 Small disturbance angle stability.
 Transient stability.

Voltage stability.
 Small disturbance voltage stability.
 Large disturbance voltage stability.

Frequency stability.
 Short term frequency stability.
 Long term frequency stability.

6
Stability Classification at a
Glance

7
Rotor Angle Stability

Rotor angle stability refers to the ability of


synchronous machines of an interconnected
power system to remain in synchronism after
being subjected to a disturbance.

Rotor angle instability occurs due to angular
swings of some generators leading to their
loss of synchronism with other generators.

8
Rotor Angle Stability
(contd.)

Depends on the ability to maintain/restore


equilibrium between electromagnetic torque
and mechanical torque of each synchronous
machine.

At equilibrium, Input mechanical torque equals


output electromagnetic torque of each
generator. In case of any disturbance the
above equality doesn’t hold leading to
acceleration/ deceleration of rotors of 9
Rotor Angle Stability
 Rotor Angle Stability Classification:

Small Disturbance Rotor Angle Stability:



 It is the ability of the power system to maintain
synchronism under small disturbances.
 Disturbances are considered to be sufficiently
small such that the linearization of system
equations is permissible for purposes of
analysis.
 The time frame of interest in small-disturbance
stability studies is of the order of 10 to 20
seconds following a disturbance. 10
Rotor Angle Stability
 Rotor Angle Stability Classification

Large Disturbance Rotor Angle Stability:



 It is the ability of the power system to maintain
synchronism under a severe disturbance,
such as a short circuit on a transmission line.
 Disturbances are large so that the linearization of
system equations is not permissible for
purposes of analysis.
 The time frame of interest in small-disturbance
stability studies is of the order of 3 to 5
seconds following a disturbance. 11
Voltage Stability

Voltage stability refers to the ability of a power


system to maintain steady voltages at all buses
in the system after being subjected to a
disturbance from a given initial operating
condition.

A system is voltage instable if for atleast one bus in


the system, the voltage magnitude decreases as
reactive power injection is increased.

Voltage instability results in progressive fall or rise


of voltages of some buses.
 12
Voltage Stability

Large scale effect of voltage instability leads to


Voltage collapse. It is a process by which the
sequence of events accompanying voltage
instability leads to a blackout or abnormally low
voltages in a significant part of the power system.

The driving force for voltage instability is usually


the loads.

Voltage stability problems is also experienced at


terminals of HVDC links connected to weak ac
systems. 13
Voltage Stability
 Voltage Stability Classification

Small Disturbance Voltage Stability:



 Small-disturbance voltage stability refers to the
system’s ability to maintain steady voltages
when subjected to small disturbances such as
incremental changes in system load.

 A combination of both linear and non-linear


techniques are used for analysis.

14
Voltage Stability
 Voltage Stability Classification

Large Disturbance Voltage Stability:



 Large-disturbance voltage stability refers to the
system’s ability to maintain steady voltages
following large disturbances such as system
faults, loss of generation, or circuit
contingencies.

 The study period of interest may extend from a
few seconds to tens of minutes.
15
Frequency Stability

Frequency stability refers to the ability of a power


system to maintain steady frequency following a
severe system upset resulting in a significant
imbalance between generation and load.

Frequency instability leads to tripping of generating
units and/or loads.

Frequency stability may be a short-term
phenomenon or a long-term phenomenon.
16
Rotor Angle Stability vs.
Voltage Stability
Rotor angle stability is basically a generator
stability while voltage stability means load
stability.

Rotor angle stability is mainly interlinked to
real power transfer whereas voltage stability
is mainly related to reactive power transfer.

17
References
“Definition and Classification of Power System
Stability”, IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER
SYSTEMS, VOL. 19, NO. 2, MAY 2004

Khan, Asfar Ali, “Determination of reactive power
limit for voltage stability study in a grid system”,
September 1999, M.Tech Dissertation, AMU,
Aligarh

Kundur, P., “Power System Stability and Control”,
McGraw Hill, 1994.
 18
References (contd.)
IEEE TF Report, “Proposed terms and definitions for
power system stability”, IEEE Trans. Power
Apparatus and Systems, vol. PAS-101, pp. 1894–
1897, July 1982.

Gupta, B.R., “Power System Analysis And Design”,
S. Chand Group.

AIEE Subcommittee on Interconnections and


Stability Factors, “First report of power system
stability”, AIEE Trans., pp. 51–80, 1926.
 19
 Thank You

20
 Questions
Please

21

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