10.
1 VHDL for Control Units
The following shows the behavioral VHDL code for the PS/2 keyboard controller. The format follows exactly the VHDL code for Moore FSMs discussed in Section 7.6. Notice how closely the code for the FSM process follows the state diagram. Because of its simplicity, control units usually are synthesized this way rather than constructed manually. For this example, the output process does not generate output signals to control the keyboard; rather, it reads in data signals from the keyboard and packages the eight data bits as a byte for output. LIBRARY IEEE; USE IEEE.STD_LOGIC_1164.ALL; ENTITY KeyboardCtrl IS PORT ( Reset: IN STD_LOGIC; KeyboardClock: IN STD_LOGIC; KeyboardData: IN STD_LOGIC; keycode: OUT STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(7 DOWNTO 0)); END KeyboardCtrl ; ARCHITECTURE Behavioral OF KeyboardCtrl IS TYPE state_type IS ( s_start,s_d0,s_d1,s_d2,s_d3,s_d4,s_d5,s_d6,s_d7,s_parity,s_stop); SIGNAL state: state_type; BEGIN FSM: PROCESS(KeyboardClock, Reset) BEGIN IF (Reset = '1') THEN state <= s_start; -- this FSM is driven by the keyboard clock signal ELSIF (KeyboardClock'EVENT AND KeyboardClock = '1') THEN CASE state is WHEN s_start => state <= s_d0; WHEN s_d0 => state <= s_d1; WHEN s_d1 => state <= s_d2; WHEN s_d2 => state <= s_d3; WHEN s_d3 => state <= s_d4; WHEN s_d4 => state <= s_d5; WHEN s_d5 => state <= s_d6; WHEN s_d6 => state <= s_d7; WHEN s_d7 => state <= s_parity; WHEN s_parity => state <= s_stop; WHEN s_stop => state <= s_start;
WHEN OTHERS => END CASE; END IF; END PROCESS; output_logic: PROCESS (state) BEGIN CASE state IS WHEN s_d0 => keycode(0) <= KeyboardData; WHEN s_d1 => keycode(1) <= KeyboardData; WHEN s_d2 => keycode(2) <= KeyboardData; WHEN s_d3 => keycode(3) <= KeyboardData; WHEN s_d4 => keycode(4) <= KeyboardData; WHEN s_d5 => keycode(5) <= KeyboardData; WHEN s_d6 => keycode(6) <= KeyboardData; WHEN s_d7 => keycode(7) <= KeyboardData; WHEN OTHERS => END CASE; END PROCESS; END Behavioral; VHDL code for the PS/2 keyboard controller.
-- read in data bit 0 from the keyboard -- read in data bit 1 from the keyboard -- read in data bit 2 from the keyboard -- read in data bit 3 from the keyboard -- read in data bit 4 from the keyboard -- read in data bit 5 from the keyboard -- read in data bit 6 from the keyboard -- read in data bit 7 from the keyboard
