0% found this document useful (0 votes)

219 views92 pages

Bank Tatha Bitiya Sastha Sambandhi Ain 2063 FINAL

This document is the preamble of an act to amend and consolidate banking and financial institution related laws. The key points are: 1. It aims to strengthen public trust in Nepal's overall banking and financial system and protect depositors' interests. 2. It seeks to provide quality and reliable banking and financial intermediation services to the public through healthy competition among banks and financial institutions. 3. It was enacted by the Parliament in the first year of its declaration in 2063 BS to amend and consolidate existing banking and financial institution related laws to make them timely.

Uploaded by

Sagar Babu

We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.

Available Formats

Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

0% found this document useful (0 votes)

219 views92 pages

Bank Tatha Bitiya Sastha Sambandhi Ain 2063 FINAL

Uploaded by

Sagar Babu

We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.

Available Formats

Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

You are on page 1/ 92

a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL sfg"gnfO{ ;+zf]wg / PsLs/0f ug{ ag]sf] P]g k|:tfjgf M d'n'ssf] ;du| a}ls

tyf ljQLo k|0ffnLk|lt ;j{;fwf/0fsf] ljZj;gLotf clej[l4 u/L lgIf]kstf{sf] xs lxtsf] ;+/If0f / ;Dj4{g ug{, a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] :j:Yo k|lt:kwf{af6 ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ u'0f:t/Lo tyf e/kbf]{ a}ls tyf ljQLo dWo:ytf ;]jf pknAw u/fpg, a}ls tyf ljQLo If]q ;DaGwL hf]lvd sd ug{, a}ls tyf ljQLo If]qsf] pbf/Ls/0f u/L g]kfn /fHosf] cy{tGqnfO{ ;an tyf ;'b[9 agfpg tyf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] :yfkgf, ;+rfng, Joj:yfkg / lgodgsf ;DaGwdf cfjZos sfg"gL Joj:yf ug{ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL k|rlnt sfg"gsf] tTsfn ;+zf]wg / PsLs/0f u/L ;dofg's"n agfpg jf~5gLo ePsf]n]], k|ltlglw;efsf] 3f]if0ff, @)^# hf/L ePsf] klxnf] jif{df k|ltlglw;efn] of] P]g agfPsf] 5 .

kl/R5]b!
k|f/lDes
1.

;+lIfKt gfd, lj:tf/ / k|f/De M -!_ o; P]gsf] gfd a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)^# /x]sf]5 . -@_ of] P]g t'?Gt k|f/De x'g]5 . -#_ of] P]g g]kfn /fHoe/ nfu" x'g]5 / a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] g]kfn /fHoaflx/ hxfF;'s} vf]n]sf sfof{no ;d]tnfO{ nfu" x'g]5 .

@= kl/efiff M ljifo jf k|;n] csf]{ cy{ gnfu]df o; P]gdf, -s_ /fi6 a}+s eGgfn] g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* adf]lhd :yfkgf

ePsf] g]kfn /fi6 a}+s ;Demg' k5{ . -v_ a}+s eGgfn] bkmf $& sf] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] ljQLo sf/f]af/ ug{ ;+:yfkgf ePsf] ;+ul7t ;+:yf ;Demg' k5{ . ljQLo ;+:yf eGgfn] bkmf $& sf] pkbkmf -@_, -#_ jf -$_ adf]lhdsf] sf/f]af/ ug{ ;+:yfkgf ePsf] ;+ul7t ;+:yf ;Demg' k5{ . / ;f] zJbn] ljsf; a}+s, ljQ sDkgL jf n3'ljQ ljsf; a}+s ;d]tnfO{ hgfp+5 . k|aGwkq eGgfn] a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] k|aGwkq ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] ljwfg ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 . lgodfjnL eGgfn] a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] lgodfjnL ;Demg' k5{ . ;+:yfks eGgfn] o; P]g adf]lhd a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yf :yfkgf ug{sf] nflu k|aGwkq tyf lgodfjnLdf sDtLdf Ps z]o/ lng dGh"/ u/L ;+:yfkssf] x}l;otn] x:tfIf/ ug]{ JolQm ;Demg' k5{ . z]o/ eGgfn] a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] z]o/ k"FhLsf] ljeflht c+z ;Demg' k5{ . z]o/wgL eGgfn] a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] z]o/df :jfldTj ePsf]

-u_

-r_

-5_

-h_

JolQm ;Demg' k5{ . -em_ ljj/0fkq eGgfn] a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] bkmf ^ adf]lhd k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{ ljj/0fkq ;Demg' k5{ . -`_ ;ldlt eGgfn] bkmf !@ adf]lhd u7g x'g] a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;+rfns ;ldlt ;Demg' k5{ . cWoIf eGgfn] ;ldltsf] cWoIf ;Demg' k5{ . ;+rfns eGgfn] ;ldltsf] ;b:o ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] cWoIf / a}slNks ;+rfns ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 . kbflwsf/L eGgfn] a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;+rfns, sfo{sf/L k|d'v, ;lrj / sd{rf/L ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;Nnfxsf/, n]vfk/LIfs / lnSjL8]6/ eO{ sfd ug]{ JolQm ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 . Ohfhtkq eGgfn] ljQLo sf/f]af/ ug{ /fi6 a}+sn] o; P]g adf]lhd a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] gfddf hf/L u/]sf] Ohfhtkq ;Demg' k5{ .

-6_ -7_

-8_

-9_

-0f_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf eGgfn] ljQLo sf/f]af/ ug{ o; P]g adf]lhd Ohfhtkq k|fKt u/]sf] Af}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yf ;Demg' k5{ . -t_ ljQLo sf/f]af/ eGgfn] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] ug]{ bkmf $& df

pNn]v eP adf]lhdsf] ;Demg' k5{ . -y_

sf/f]af/

k"FhL eGgfn] bkmf $) adf]lhdsf] a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] clws[t kF'hL, hf/L kF'hL jf r'Qmf k"FhL ;Demg' k5{ . k"FhLsf]if eGgfn] a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] k|fylds k"FhL / k"/s k"FhLsf] of]u ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] /fi6 a}+sn] ;do ;dodf lgwf{/0f u/]sf] ;f] ;+:yfsf] cGo sf]if ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5. k|fylds k"FhL eGgfn] a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] r'Qmf k"FhL, z]o/ lk|ldod, lkmtf{ gx'g] cu|flwsf/ z]o/, ;fwf/0f hu]8f sf]if / ;l~rt gfkmfgf]S;fg zLif{sdf /x]sf] /sd ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] /fi6 a}+sn] ;do ;dodf k|fylds k"FhL egL tf]lslbPsf] cGo zLif{sdf /x]sf] /sd ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 . k"/s k"FhL eGgfn] /fi6 a}+sn] ;do ;dodf tf]lslbPsf zLif{sx?df /x]sf] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] /sd ;Demg' k5{ . hf]lvdefl/t ;DklQ eGgfn] a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] jf;nftleqsf / jf;nft aflx/sf k|To]s zLif{sdf /x]sf] /sdnfO{ /fi6 a}+sn] tf]lslbPsf] hf]lvdef/n] u'0fg u/L lgsflnPsf] s'n ;DklQ ;Demg' k5{ .

-b_

-w_

-g_

-k_

-km_ t/n;DklQ eGgfn] a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] gub df}Hbft, a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] rNtL vftfdf /fv]sf] df}Hbft, a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] /fi6 a}+sdf /fv]sf] df}Hbft / /fi6 a}+sn] ;do ;dodf t/n ;DklQ egL lgwf{/0f ul/lbPsf] a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;DklQ ;Demg' k5{ . -a_ lgIf]k eGgfn] a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] rNtL, art jf d'2tL vftfdf hDdf ePsf] /sd ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] /fi6 a}+sn] tf]s]adf]lhdsf ljleGg ljQLo pks/0fsf] dfWodaf6 :jLsf/ ug]{ /sd ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 . rNtL vftf eGgfn] dfu]sf] avt hlxn] klg lemSg kfpg] u/L a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfdf /flvPsf] /sdsf] x/lx;fa n]lvPsf] vftf ;Demg' k5{ . art vftf eGgfn] a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfdf artsf] lgldQ /flvPsf] /sdsf] x/lx;fa n]lvPsf] vftf ;Demg' k5{ . d'2tL vftf eGgfn] a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfdf lglZrt cjlw;Dd hDdf /xg] u/L /flvPsf] /sdsf] x/lx;fa n]lvPsf] vftf ;Demg' k5{ . shf{ eGgfn] /sd k|jfx ug]{, k|ToIf jf ck|ToIf k|Tofe"lt / To;sf] abnfdf nufgL u/]sf] /sd c;'nL ug]{ clwsf/ tyf To:tf shf{sf] Aofh jf cGo b:t'/sf] r'Qmf, shf{ jf

-e_

-d_

-o_

-/_

nufgLsf] lwtf]df lbOPsf] k'gs{hf{, shf{sf] k'g;{+/rgf / gljs/0f, shf{ r'Qmfsf] nflu hf/L ul/Psf] hdfgL tyf shf{ r'Qmfsf] nflu ul/Psf] cGo arga4tf ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] s'g} klg lsl;dsf] C0f ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 . -n_ d'b|f eGgfn] s'g} lsl;dsf] s/]G;L gf]6, kf]:6n c8{/, kf]:6n gf]6, dlg c8{/, r]s, 8f6, 6fen;{ r]s, k|tLtkq, ljlgdokq, k|lt1fkq, q]ml86 sf8{ ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] /fi6 a}+sn] cfjZostf cg';f/ ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sfzg u/L tf]lslbPsf] cGo o:t} k|sf/sf df}lb|s pks/0f ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 . ljb]zL d'b|f eGgfn] g]kfnL d'b|f afx]ssf] cGo d'b|f ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] cGt/f{li6o d'b|f sf]ifaf6 /sd lemSg] ljz]if clwsf/ -:k]zn 8O /fO6\;_, Plzog s/]G;L o'lg6, o'/f]lkog s/]G;L o'lg6 tyf /fi6 a}+sn] cfjZostf cg';f/ ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sfzg u/L tf]lslbPsf] cGo pks/0f ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 . ljb]zL ljlgdo eGgfn] ljb]zL d'b|f, ljb]zL d'b|fdf e'QmfgL x'g] jf k|fKt x'g] ;a} lsl;dsf] lgIf]k, shf{, df}Hbft, ljb]zL lwtf]kq / ljb]zL d'b|fdf e'QmfgL x'g] jf x'g;Sg] cGt/f{li6o k|rngdf /x]sf r]s,

-j_

-z_

8f6, ofq'r]s, ljB'tLo /sdfGt/ On]S6f]lgs km08 6fG;km/_, q]ml86sf8{, k|tLtkq, ljlgdokq, k|lt1fkq ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] /fi6 a}+sn] cfjZostf cg';f/ ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sfzg u/L tf]lslbPsf] cGo h'g;'s} df}lb|s pks/0f ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 . -if_ kl/jTo{ ljb]zL d'b|f eGgfn] /fi6 a}+sn] cfjZostf cg';f/ ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sfzg u/L kl/jTo{ ljb]zL d'b|f egL tf]lslbPsf] ljb]zL d'b|f ;Demg' k5{ . ljB'tLo /sdfGt/ -On]S6f]lgs km08 6fG;km/_ eGGffn] 6]lnkmf]g, 6]n]S;, sDKo"6/ jf DofUg]l6s 6]k jf To:t} k|sf/sf cGo ljB'tLo pks/0fsf] dfWodaf6 lgIf]k lng], e'QmfgL lbg], /sdfGt/ ug]{ sf/f]af/ ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] c6f]d]6]8 6]n/ d]lzg / Sof; l8:k]lG; d]lzgsf] dfWodaf6 x'g] sf/f]af/ / rfh{ sf8{, 8]lj6 sf8{ tyf q]ml86 sf8{af6 x'g] sf/f]af/ ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 . k|tLtkq eGgfn] s'g} Ps a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] s'g} csf]{ a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] gfddf s'g} JolQmsf] lglZrt /sdn] vfd];Ddsf] r]s, 8f6, x'08L jf ljlgdokq :jLsf/ ug'{ egL n]v]sf] kq ;Demg' k5{ . ljlgd]o eGgfn] ljlgd]o

-;_

-x_

-If_

clwsf/kq kfpg] s'g} JolQmnfO{ wf/s aGg ;Sg] u/L ;f] kq x:tfGt/0f ug]{ sfd ;Demg' k5{ . -q_ ljlgd]o clwsf/kq eGgfn] k|lt1fkq, ljlgdokq jf r]s ;Demg' k5{ . ljlgdokq eGgfn] s'g} lglZrt ldltdf jf s'g} lglZrt cjlw kl5 jf dfu]sf] avt ;f] kqdf n]lvPsf] s'g} vf; JolQmnfO{ jf lghn] cx|fPsf] JolQmnfO{ jf ;f] kq lnO{ cfpg] JolQmnfO{ lagf zt{ s'g} lglZrt /sd lbg' egL s'g} Ps JolQmn] csf]{ JolQmnfO{ lgb]{zg u/L b:tvt ul/lbPsf] lnvt ;Demg' k5{ .

-1_

-ss_ k|lt1fkq eGgfn] lglZrt ldltdf jf s'g} lglZrt cjlw kl5 jf dfu]sf] avt ;f] kqdf n]lvPsf] s'g} vf; JolQmnfO{ jf lghn] cx|fPsf] JolQmnfO{ jf ;f] kq lnO{ cfpg] JolQmnfO{ lagf zt{ s'g} lglZrt /sd lbG5' egL sa'n u/L b:tvt ul/lbPsf] lnvt ;Demg' k5{ . -sv_ jf;nft aflx/sf] sf/f]af/ eGgfn] a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] bfloTj Joxf]g'{ kg]{ ;Defjgf ePsf] k|tLt kq, hdfgtkq, :jLsf/kq, k|lta4tf, ljb]zL ljlgdo ;DaGwL :jfk, cK;g, clu|d sf/f]af/ / To:t} k|sf/sf cGo sf/f]af/ ;Demg' k5{. -su_ sfo{sf/L k|d'v eGgfn] a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] sfo{sf/L cWoIf,

k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t, sfo{sf/L lgb]{zs, k|aGw lgb]{zs, k|aGw ;+rfns, sfo{sf/L ;+rfns jf dxfk|aGws ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] sfo{sf/L k|d'vsf] ?kdf sfd ug]{ cGo kbflwsf/L ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 . -s3_ sfof{no eGgfn] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{no ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] If]qLo, zfvf, pk zfvf, k|zfvf, Onfsf, k|ltlglw, ;Dks{ sfof{no nufotsf cGo h'g;'s} sfof{no ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 . -s_ ljQLo :jfy{ eGgfn] ;+:yfks jf ;+rfns, Ps k|ltzt jf ;f]eGbf a9L z]o/ lnPsf] z]o/wgL jf sfo{sf/L k|d'v jf To:tf JolQmsf] kl/jf/sf ;b:o jf ;+rfns dgf]lgt ug]{ clwsf/ kfPsf] JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfn] s'g} kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] r'Qmf k"FhLsf] bz k|ltzt jf ;f] eGbf a9L x'g] u/L 5'f5'} jf ;+o'Qm ?kdf z]o/ vl/b u/]sf] /x]5 eg] To:tf] sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfdf To:tf] ;+:yfks jf ;+rfns jf Ps k|ltzt jf ;f]eGbf a9L z]o/ lnPsf] z]o/wgL jf sfo{sf/L k|d'v jf To:tf JolQmsf] kl/jf/sf ;b:osf] ljQLo :jfy{ /x]sf] cj:yf ;Demg' k5{ . -sr_ kl/jf/ eGgfn] ;DalGwt JolQmsf] klt jf kTgL, 5f]/f, 5f]/L,

wd{k'q, wd{k'qL, afa', cfdf, ;f}t]gL cfdf / cfk"mn] kfng kf]if0f ug'{kg]{ bfh', efO / lbbL, alxgL ;Demg' k5{ . -s5_ tf]lsPsf] jf tf]lsP adf]lhd eGgfn] o; P]g cGtu{t ag]sf lgod jf ljlgoddf tf]lsPsf] jf tf]lsP adf]lhd ;Demg' k5{ .

kl/R5]b@
Af}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;+:yfkgf / ;f]sf] lwtf]kq ;DaGwL Joj:yf #= Af}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;+:yfkgf M -!_ o; P]g adf]lhd ljQLo sf/f]af/ ug{sf nflu Af}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yf ;+:yfkgf ug{ rfxg] JolQmn] To:tf] a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yf k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd klAns lnld6]8 sDkgLsf] ?kdf btf{ u/fO{ ;+:yfkgf ug{ ;Sg]5 . -@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd sDkgL btf{ ug{ k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd clVtof/ kfPsf] clwsf/Ln] sDkgL btf{ ubf{ bkmf $ sf] cwLgdf /xL ug'{ kg]{5 . Af}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;+:yfkgf ug{ :jLs[lt lng' kg]{ M -!_ bkmf # adf]lhd Af}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yf ;+:yfkgf ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu ;DalGwt JolQmn] To:tf] a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yf k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd btf{ ug{ lgj]bg lbg' cl3 b]xfosf sfuhft ;+nUg u/L /fi6 a}+sn] tf]s]sf] b:t'/ ;lxt k"j{ :jLs[ltsf] nflu /fi6 a}+sdf lgj]bg lbg' kg]{5 M -s_ k|:tfljt Af}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] k|aGwkq,

-v_ -u_ -3_ -_

k|:tfljt Af}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] lgodfjnL, k|:tfljt a}+s jf ljQLo ;DefJotf cWoog k|ltj]bg, ;+:yfsf]

/fi6 a}+sn] tf]s]sf] 9fFrfdf ;+:yfksx?sf] JolQmut ljj/0f, Af}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yf ;+:yfkgf ug'{ cl3 a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yf ;+:yfkgf ug]{ ;DaGwdf ;+:yfksx? aLr s'g} ;Demf}tf ePsf] /x]5 eg] To:tf] ;Demf}tfsf] k|dfl0ft k|ltlnlk, ;+:yfksx?n] o; bkmf adf]lhd lgj]bg lbg' eGbf tTsfn cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{;Ddsf] s/ r'Qmf u/]sf] k|df0f,

-r_

a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yf ;+:yfkgf ;DaGwdf /fi6 a}+sn] tf]s]sf cGo ljj/0f tyf sfuhft . -@_ k"j{ :jLs[ltsf] nflu pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lgj]bg kg{ cfPdf k]z u/]sf sfuhftsf] hfFra'em u/L /fi6 a}+sn] :jLs[lt lbg pko'Qm b]v]df s'g} zt{ tf]sL jf gtf]sL To;/L lgj]bg kg{ cfPsf] Ps;o aL; lbgleq To:tf] a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yf ;+:yfkg ug{ :jLs[lt lbg]5 . :jLs[lt lbg gkg]{ cj:yf ePdf ;f]sf] sf/0f v'nfO{ lgj]bsnfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg' kg]{5 . -#_ s'g} ljb]zL a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] g]kfn /fHodf ;+:yfkgf ePsf] ;+ul7t ;+:yf jf gful/s;+u ldnL ;+o'Qm nufgLdf jf ljb]zL a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ztk|ltzt z]o/ lnPsf] ;xfos sDkgLsf] ?kdf o; P]g adf]lhd a}+s jf ljQLo

-5_

;+:yf ;+:yfkgf ug{ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lgj]bg lbPsf]df o; bkmf adf]lhd To:tf] a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yf ;+:yfkgf ug{ :jLs[lt lbg]5 . %= :jLs[lt lbg OGsf/ ug{ ;Sg] M -!_ b]xfosf cj:yfdf /fi6 a}+sn] s'g} a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;+:yfkgf ug{sf nflu k"j{ :jLs[lt lbg OGsf/ ug{ ;Sg]5 M -s_ k|:tfljt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] gfd klxn] g} btf{ eO{ sfod /x]sf] s'g} a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] gfd;+u ldNg] ePdf, k|:tfljt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] gfd jf To;n] ug]{ ljQLo sf/f]af/ ;fj{hlgs lxt, ;bfrf/, lzi6frf/, wd{, hfthflt jf ;Dk|bfo cflbsf] b[li6sf]0fn] cg'ko'Qm jf cjfG5gLo b]lvPdf, k|:tfljt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] p2]Zo k|rlnt sfg"g ljk/Lt ePdf, a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yf ;+:yfkgf ug{ k|fljlws b[li6sf]0faf6 cg'ko'Qm b]lvPdf, k|:tfljt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] k]z u/]sf] ;DefJotf cWoog k|ltj]bg, ljj/0f tyf sfuhft / cGo k"jf{wf/nfO{ cWoog ubf{ ljQLo sf/f]af/ :j:y / k|lt:kwf{Tds 9+uaf6 ;+rfng ug]{ s'/fdf ljZjf; ug{ g;lsg] ePdf, k|aGwkq / lgodfjnL btf{ ug{sf] nflu k|:tfljt a}s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf ;a} ;+:yfks ;b:osf] gfdaf6 lgj]bg

-v_

-u_ -3_

-r_

gk/]sf] ePdf, -5_ k|aGwkq / lgodfjnLdf k|:tfljt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf ;a} ;+:yfksx?n] cfkm\gf] gfd, 7]ufgf ;d]t v'nfO{ s'g} Pshgf ;fIfLsf] /f]xj/df ;xL5fk u/L ;f] ;fIfLsf] gfd, 7]ufgf ;d]t gv'nfPsf] ePdf, k|:tfljt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] k|To]s ;+:yfksn] ;f] a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] sDtLdf Ps lsQf z]o/ lng d~h'/ gu/]sf] ePdf,

-h_

-em_ k|:tfljt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] k|To]s ;+:yfksn] k|aGwkqdf ;xL ubf{ cfkm'n] lng] z]o/ ;+Vof ;d]t :ki6 ?kdf gv'nfPsf] ePdf, -`_ bkmf $ adf]lhd bflvnf ug'{ kg]{ b:t'/ / sfuhft bflvnf gePdf,

-6_ /fi6 a}+sn] tf]s]sf zt{ k'/f gu/]df . -@_ pkbkmf -!_ df plNnlvt s'g} cj:yf k/L k|:tfljt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] k|aGwkq / lgodfjnL btf{ ug{ OGsf/ u/]sf]df /fi6 a}+sn] lgj]bsnfO{ ;f] s'/fsf] hfgsf/L lbg]5 . ^= ljj/0fkq M -!_ a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] lwtf]kqsf] ;fj{hlgs lgisfzg ug'{ cufj} lwtf]kq ;DaGwL k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd lwtf]kq af]8{af6 ljj/0fkq btf{ ug]{ ;DaGwdf :jLs[lt k|fKt u/L To:tf] ljj/0fkq /fi6 a}+s ;dIf btf{ u/fpg' kg]{5 . o;/L ljj/0fkq btf{ gu/fP;Dd ;f] a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] jf To:tf] a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] tk{maf6 s;}n] klg

To:tf] a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ljj/0fkq k|sfzg ug{ kfpg] 5}g . -@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ljj/0fkq k|sfzg ubf{ k"/f ug'{kg]{ k|lqmof / ljj/0fkqdf v'nfpg' kg]{ s'/fx? lwtf]kq ;DaGwL k|rlnt sfg"gdf pNn]v eP adf]lhd x'g]5 . -#_ a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] ljj/0fkq btf{ ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu lwtf]kq af]8{sf] :jLs[ltsf lgldQ lwtf]kq ;DaGwL k|rlnt sfg"gsf cwLgdf /xL lwtf]kq af]8{ ;dIf lnlvt ?kdf lgj]bg lbg' kg]{5 . -$_ lwtf]kq af]8{n] ljj/0fkq btf{ ug]{ ;DaGwdf :jLs[lt k|bfg u/]sf] hfgsf/L lnlvt ?kdf k|fKt gu/];Dd /fi6 a}+sn] ljj/0fkq btf{ ug]{ 5}g . -%_ ljj/0fkq s'g} klg JolQmn] x]g{ rfx]df a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] s'g} z'Ns jf dxz'n glnO{ x]g{ lbg' kg]{5 . &= z]o/sf] afF8kmfF8 M -!_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] cfgf] s'n hf/L k"FhLsf] sDtLdf tL; k|ltzt z]o/ ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ laqmL ljt/0f ug{sf] nflu 5'6\ofpg' kg]{5 . o;/L 5'6\ofOPsf] z]o/ dWo] kfFr k|ltzt;Dd z]o/ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] cfgf] sd{rf/Lsf] nflu 5'6\ofpg ;Sg]5 . t/ lab]zL a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;+o'Qm nufgLdf ;+:yfkgf ePsf a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] xsdf /fi6 a}+sn] ;do ;dodf tf]s]sf] k|ltztsf] z]o/ ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ laqmL ljt/0f ug'{ kg]{5 . -@_ a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] z]o/ vl/bsf] nflu ;j{;fwf/0faf6 b/vf:t cfJxfg ubf{ z]o/sf] c+lst d"Nosf] ztk|ltzt /sd b/vf:t ;fy dfu ug'{kg]{5 .

lwtf]kq sf/f]af/ M -!_ Af}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] cfgf] lwtf]kq ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ lgisfzg ubf{ To:tf] lwtf]kqsf] laqmL, afF8kmfF8, /sd c;'npk/ h:tf ;a} sfo{ lwtf]kq ;DaGwL k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd ug'{ kg]{5 . -@_ Af}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] s'g} lwtf]kq Joj;foL ;+:yf dfk{mt lwtf]kq sf/f]af/ ug]{ ;DaGwdf u/]sf] ;Demf}tfsf] Ps k|lt To:tf] ;Demf}tf ePsf] ldltn] ;ft lbgleq /fi6 a}+s / lwtf]kq af]8{df lbg' kg]{5 . z]o/ tyf l8a]Gr/ laqmL ug{ jf lwtf]aGws /fVg g;lsg] M -!_ k|rlnt sfg"gdf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg Af}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf ;+:yfksn] ljQLo sf/f]af/ ;+rfng u/]sf] sDtLdf kfFr jif{;Dd cfgf] gfddf /x]sf] z]o/ laqmL ug{ jf lwtf]aGws /fVg kfpg] 5}g . t/ a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;+rfngdf s'g} afwf Jojwfg pTkGg eO{ ljz]if kl/l:yltsf] ;[h{gf x'g uPdf /fi6 a}+sn] ;+:yfksx? aLr cfk;df z]o/ laqmL ug]{ :jLs[lt k|bfg ug{ o; pkbkmfn] afwf k'ofPsf] dflgg]5}g . -@_ a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf ;+:yfksn] a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] sf/f]af/ ;+rfng u/]sf] ldltn] kfFr jif{ kl5 cfgf] gfddf /x]sf] z]o/ laqmL ug{ jf lwtf]aGws /fVg rfx]df /fi6 a}+sn] tf]s]sf] zt{sf] cwLgdf /xL To:tf] z]o/ laqmL ug{ jf lwtf]aGws /fVg ;Sg]5 . a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] cfgf] z]o/ cfk}mn] vl/b ug{ gx'g] M-!_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn]

!)=

cfgf] z]o/ cfk}m vl/b -afO Aofs_ ug{ jf hdfgtdf /fvL C0f lbg x'Fb}g . -@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg b]xfosf cj:yfdf /fi6 a}+ssf] :jLs[lt lnO{ ;f]xL a}++sn] tf]s]sf] k|ltztdf ga9\g] u/L nfef+zsf] ?kdf ljt/0f x'g ;Sg] ;+lrt d'gfkmfsf] /sdaf6 a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] cfkm\gf] z]o/ cfk}m vl/b ug{ ;Sg]5 M -s_ a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] hf/L u/]sf] z]o/sf] ;Dk"0f{ /sd e'QmfgL e};s]sf] eP, a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] hf/L u/]sf] z]o/ lwtf]kq af]8{df btf{ eO{ ;s]sf] eP, cfkm\gf] z]o/ cfk}m vl/b ug{ ;Sg] Joj:yf ;DalGwt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] lgodfjnLdf ePsf] eP, cfkm\gf] z]o/ cfkm} vl/b ug{ ;Sg] u/L ;DalGwt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;fwf/0f ;efdf ljz]if k|:tfj kfl/t ePsf] eP, a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] r'Qmf ug'{ kg]{ C[0f /sd a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] cfkm\gf] z]o/ cfk}m vl/b u/L ;s]kl5 kF'hL tyf ;fwf/0f hu]8f sf]ifsf] /sdsf] cg'kftdf bf]Aa/ eGbf a9L gx'g] eP,

-v_

-u_

-3_

:ki6Ls/0f M o; v08sf] k|of]hgsf nflu C0f /sd eGgfn] a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] shf{ lnPsf] ;'/lIft tyf c;'/lIft ;Dk"0f{ C0f /sd ;Demg'

k5{ . -r_ a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] vl/b ug]{ cfkm\gf] z]o/sf] /sd sDkgLsf] s'n r'Qmf kF'hL tyf ;fwf/0f hu]8f sf]ifsf] /sdsf] aL; k|ltzt eGbf a9L gx'g] eP, cfkm\gf] z]o/ cfk}m vl/b ug]{ ;DaGwdf /fi6 a}+sn] ;do ;dodf hf/L u/]sf] lgb]{zg k|lts"n gx'g] eP .

-5_

-#_ pkbkmf -@_ sf] k|of]hgsf nflu s'g} a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] /fi6 a}+ssf] :jLs[lt lng b]xfosf] ljj/0f v'nfO{ lgj]bg lbg' kg]{5 / To:tf] lgj]bg kg{ cfPdf k|fKt ljj/0fsf] cfwf/df To:tf] a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ cfkm\gf] z]o/ cfk}m vl/b ug{ :jLs[lt lbg pko'Qm x'g] b]v]df /fi6 a}+sn] ;f]sf] :jLs[lt lbg ;Sg]5 M -s_ cfkm\gf] z]o/ cfk}m vl/b ug'{ kg]{ sf/0f / cfjZostf, -v_ cfkm\gf] z]o/ cfk}m vl/b u/]sf] sf/0faf6 a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] cfly{s l:yltdf kg{ ;Sg] ;Defljt k|efj d"Nof+sgsf] ljj/0f, vl/b ug{ k|:tfj ul/Psf] z]o/sf] lsl;d / ;f]sf] ;+Vof, v08 -u_ adf]lhdsf] z]o/ vl/b ug{ nfUg] clwstd jf Go"gtd /sd / ;f]sf] ;|f]t, cfkm\gf] z]o/ cfk}m vl/b ug{ ;Sg]

-u_ -3_

;dofjlw, -r_ -5_ z]o/ vl/b ug]{ tl/sf, cfkm\gf] z]o/ cfk}m vl/b ug]{ ;DaGwdf /fi6 a}+sn] tf]s]sf] tyf k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd v'nfpg' kg]{ cGo cfjZos s'/fx? . -$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd :jLs[lt k|fKt ePkl5 To:tf] :jLs[lt k|fKt u/]sf] 5 dlxgf jf ;fwf/0f ;efaf6 ljz]if k|:tfj kfl/t u/]sf] afx| dlxgf dWo] h'g kl5Nnf] x'G5 ;f] cjlwleq ;DalGwt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] b]xfosf] s'g} pkfoaf6 cfkm\gf] z]o/ cfk}m vl/b ug{ ;Sg]5 M -s_ -v_ lwtf]kq ahf/ dfkm{t vl/b u/]/, o; P]g adf]lhd a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf sd{rf/LnfO{ 5'6\ofOPsf] z]o/ ;DalGwt sd{rf/Laf6 vl/b u/]/,

tTsfn sfod /x]sf z]o/wgLaf6 ;dfg'kflts ?kdf vl/b u/]/ . -%_ pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhd a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] cfkm\gf] z]o/ cfk}m vl/b u/]sf]df To:tf] z]o/ vl/b u/]sf] ldltn] tL; lbgleq cfk"mn] vl/b u/]sf] z]o/ ;+Vof, ;f] jfkt e'QmfgL /sd / cGo cfjZos ljj/0fx?sf] hfgsf/L /fi6 a}+snfO{ u/fpg' kg]{5 . -^_ pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhd cfkm\gf] z]o/ cfkm} vl/b u/]sf] c+lst d"No a/fa/sf] /sdaf6 5'6[} k"FhL lkmtf{ hu]8f sf]if v8f u/L ;f] sf]ifdf bflvnf ug'{ kg]{5 / ;f] sf]ifsf] /sdnfO{ r'Qmf k"FhL ;/x sfod /fVg' kg]{5 . -&_ pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhd a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] cfkm\gf] z]o/ cfkm} vl/b u/]sf]df

-u_

cfkm"n] vl/b u/] hlt z]o/ To;/L vl/b u/]sf] ldltn] Ps;o aL; lbgleq /2 u/L ;Sg' kg]{5 . -*_ a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] cfkm\gf] z]o/ cfk}+m vl/b ug{ g;Sg] cj:yfx? tyf cfkm\gf] z]o/ cfk}m vl/b ug{] ;DaGwL cGo s'/fx? /fi6 a}+sn] tf]s] adf]lhd x'g]5 . !!= lwtf]kq sf/f]af/ ug{df aGb]h M -!_ a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf ;+rfns, sfo{sf/L k|d'v, n]vfk/LIfs, ;lrj jf a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] Joj:yfkg tyf n]vf ;DaGwL sfo{df k|ToIf ?kn] ;+nUg JolQmn] To:tf] kbdf axfn /xFbfsf avt jf To:tf] kbaf6 cjsfz k|fKt u/]sf] sDtLdf Ps jif{;Dd ;DalGwt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yf jf To;sf] ;xfos sDkgLsf] lwtf]kq cfgf] jf cfgf] kl/jf/ jf cfgf] jf cfgf] kl/jf/sf] lgoGq0fdf /x]sf] kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfsf] gfddf vl/b laqmL ug{ u/fpg, ug{lbg, lwtf]aGws /fVg, /fVg nufpg jf bfg as; lng, lbg jf n]gb]g ug{ x'Fb}g . t/ gofF z]o/ hf/L u/]sf] cj:yfdf of] k|ltaGw nfu" x'g] 5}g . -@_ s;}n] pkbkmf -!_ sf] ljk/Lt s'g} sfd u/]df To:tf] lwtf]kq ;DalGwt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] hkmt ug]{5 . -#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd hkmt ePsf] lwtf]kq ;ldltn] plrt 7xofPsf] lsl;daf6 laqmL ljt/0f ug{ ;Sg]5 .

kl/R5]b# a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;+rfns ;ldlt / sfo{sf/L k|d'v ;DaGwL Joj:yf

!@= ;+rfns ;ldltsf] u7g M -!_ Af}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfdf Pp6f ;+rfns ;ldlt /xg]5 . ;f] ;ldltdf sDtLdf kfFr hgf / a9Ldf gf}hgf ;+rfns /xg] 5g\ . -@_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] cwLgdf /xL ;ldltdf /fi6 a}+sn] bkmf !# adf]lhd sfod u/]sf] Jofj;flos ljz]if1x?sf] ;"rLaf6 Pshgf Jofj;flos ;+rfns lgo'Qm ug'{ kg]{5 . o;/L lgo'Qm x'g] ;+rfnsn] ;DalGwt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] z]o/ lnPsf] x'g cfjZos x'g]5}g . -#_ ;+rfnsn] cfk"m dWo] ax'dtaf6 5fg]sf] s'g} Pshgf ;+rfns ;ldltsf] cWoIf x'g]5 . !#= Jofj;flos ljz]if1x?sf] ;"rL sfod ug]{ M -!_ /fi6 a}+sn] bkmf !@ sf] pkbkmf -@_ sf] k|of]hgsf] lgldQ b]xfosf] of]Uotf tyf cg'ejsf] cfwf/df Jofj;flos ljz]if1x?sf] ;"rL sfod ug]{5 M -s_ Joj:yfkg, a}+lsu, ljQLo, df}lb|s, cy{zf:q, jfl0fHo zf:q, Jofkf/ k|zf;g, jfl0fHo sfg"g, ljifodf sDtLdf :gftsf]Q/ jf rf6{8{ PsfpG6]G;L pkflw xfl;n u/L a}+lsu tyf ljQLo If]qsf] sfo{sf/L txdf sDtLdf kfFr jif{sf] sfof{g'ej ePsf] .

:ki6Ls/0f M o; v08sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu {sfo{sf/L tx eGgfn] g]kfn ;/sf/, /fi6 a}+s, a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] k|yd >]0fLsf] clwss[t jf s'g} a}+s jf ljQLo;+:yfsf]= j/Li7 Jojf:yfks jf dfGotf k|fKt ljZjljfnosf] ;x

k|fWofks jf ;f] eGbf dflysf] kb ;Demg'k5{ . bkmf !* adf]lhdsf] cof]Uotf gePsf] . -@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd sfod u/]sf] Jofj;flos ljz]if1x?sf] ;"rL k|To]s jif{ cBfjlws u/L /fi6 a}+sn] ;fj{hlgs hfgsf/Lsf] nflu /fli6o :t/sf] kqklqsfdf k|sfzg ug]{5 . !$= ;ldltsf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ M -!_ z]o/wgLsf] ;fwf/0f ;efaf6 x'g] sfd afx]s o; P]g, k|rlnt sfg"g tyf k|aGwkq / lgodfjnLsf] cwLgdf /xL a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] ug'{kg]{ ;a} sfd / k|of]u ug]{ ;Dk"0f{ clwsf/ ;ldltdf lglxt /xg]5 . -@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd cfk"mn] ug'{kg]{ sfd ;'Jojl:yt ?kn] ;+rfng ug{ ;ldltn] cfjZos ljlgod agfpg ;Sg]5 . -#_ k|aGwkq / lgodfjnLdf cGoyf ePsf]df afx]s ;ldltn] cfk"mdWo]sf s'g} ;+rfnsnfO{ jf Af}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] s'g} kbflwsf/LnfO{ PSn} jf ;+o'Qm ?kdf Af}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] tk{maf6 n]vfk9L ug{ jf ljlgd]o clwsf/kq jf r]s cflbdf ;xL5fk ug{ ;d]t ;a} jf s]xL clwsf/ ;'DkL cfgf] k|ltlglw v8f ug{ ;Sg]5 . clwsf/ k|Tofof]hg M -!_ ;ldltn] cfgf] /]vb]v jf lgb]{zgdf sfd ug]{ u/L cfgf] s]xL clwsf/ cWoIf, ;+rfns, bkmf !^ adf]lhd ul7t pk;ldlt, sfo{sf/L k|d'v jf sfo{sf/L k|d'v eO{ sfd ug]{ s'g} JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfnfO{ k|Tofof]hg ug{ ;Sg]5 . -@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd cWoIf, ;+rfns, bkmf !^ adf]lhd ul7t pk;ldlt, sfo{sf/L k|d'v jf -v_

!%=

sfo{sf/L k|d'v eO{ sfd ug]{ s'g} JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfn] cfk"mn] kfPsf] clVtof/L cfgf] hjfkmb]xLdf cfk"m dftxtsf sd{rf/LnfO{ ;'Dkg ;Sg]5 . !^= pk;ldlt u7g ug{ ;Sg] M -!_ ;ldltn] s'g} vf; k|of]hgsf] nflu cfjZostf cg';f/ Ps jf PseGbf a9L pk;ldlt u7g ug{ ;Sg]5 . -@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd u7g ePsf] pk;ldltsf] sfd, st{Jo, clwsf/, sfof{jlw / a}7sdf efu lnP jfkt kfpg] kfl/>lds jf eQf ;ldltn] tf]s]adf]lhd x'g]5 . ;+rfnssf] lgo'lQm M -!_ Af}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf ;+rfnssf] lgo'lQm bkmf !* tyf lgodfjnLsf] cwLgdf /xL a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;fwf/0f ;eff/f x'g]5 . t/, -s_ Af}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] k|yd jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef geP;Ddsf] cjlwsf nflu ;+rfnssf] lgo'lQm ;+:yfksf/f ul/g]5 . jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef x'g'eGbf cufj} s'g} ;+rfnssf] kb l/Qm x'g cfPdf afFsL cjlwsf nflu ;+rfnssf] lgo'lQm ;ldltf/f ug{ ;lsg]5 .

!&=

-v_

;+ul7t ;+:yfn] z]o/ lnPsf] Af}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] xsdf ;f] ;+:yfn] lnPsf] z]o/sf] cg'kftdf x'g cfpg] ;+rfns lgo'Qm ug{ ;Sg]5 . -@_ a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] z]o/ lnPsf] ;+ul7t ;+:yf, ljb]zL a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn]

-u_

cfk"mn] lnPsf] z]o/sf] cg'kftdf ;+rfns lgo'Qm ubf{ ;+rfnssf] cg'kl:yltdf sfd ug{ ;Sg] u/L j}slNks ;+rfns ;d]t lgo'Qm ug{ ;Sg]5 . -#_ bkmf !@ sf] pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhdsf] Jofj;flos ljz]if1 ;+rfnssf] lgo'lQm ;+rfns ;ldltaf6 x'g]5 . !*= ;+rfnssf] cof]Uotf M -!_ b]xfosf] s'g} JolQm ;+rfnssf] kbdf lgjf{lrt jf dgf]lgt x'g jf sfod /xg cof]Uo dflgg]5M -s_ -v_ -u_ -3_ @! jif{ pd]/ k"/f gePsf], duh ljlu|Psf] jf dfgl;s ;Gt'ng 7Ls gePsf], C0f ltg{ g;sL ;fx"sf] bfdf;fxLdf k/]sf], a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yf ;+usf] s'g} sf/f]af/df sfnf];"rLdf k/L ;f] ;"rLaf6 k'ms'jf ePsf] ldltn] sDtLdf tLg jif{ k"/f gePsf], s'g} a}+s, ljQLo ;+:yf jf s'g} klg k|sf/sf] lgIf]k ;DaGwL Joj;fo ;+rfng ug]{ ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;+rfns jf To:tf ;+:yfdf sfo{/t sd{rf/L jf cGo a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] axfnjfnf n]vfk/LIfs jf ;Nnfxsf/, ;DalGwt Af}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yf;+u s'g} lsl;dsf] 7]Ssf kfdf lx:;]bf/ /x]sf], lwtf]kq Joj;foLsf] ?kdf sfo{ ug{ lwtf]kq ahf/sf] ;b:otf k|fKt u/]sf],

-r_

-5_

-h_

a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] lgodfjnL adf]lhd ;+rfns x'gsf] nflu lng'kg]{ Go"gtd z]o/ glnPsf],

-em_ g]kfn ;/sf/, /fi6 a}+s jf a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] axfnjfnf sd{rf/L, t/, g]kfn ;/sf/n] z]o/ vl/b u/]sf] a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfdf jf s'g} a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] z]o/ vl/b u/]sf] csf]{ a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfdf ;+rfns dgf]gLt ePsf]df of] Joj:yf nfu" x'g] 5}g . -`_ /fi6 a}+ssf] ueg{/, 8]k'6L ueg{/ / ljlzi6 >]0fLsf sd{rf/Lsf] kbdf axfn /xL ;]jfaf6 x6]sf] jf cjsf; k|fKt u/]sf] JolQm ePdf ;]jfaf6 x6]sf] jf cjsfz k|fKt u/]sf] ldltn] sDtLdf Ps jif{ k"/f gePsf], k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd s/ ltg'{kg]{ bfloTj eO{ To:tf] s/ r'Qmf gu/]sf], g}lts ktg b]lvg] kmf}Hbf/L s;"/df cbfntaf6 ;hfFo kfO{ To:tf] ;hfFo e'Qmfg ePsf] ldltn] kfFr jif{ gk'u]sf], e|i6frf/ jf 7uLsf] s;"/df cbfntaf6 ;hfo kfPsf], /fi6 a}+ssf] lgb]{zg kfngf gu/]sf] sf/0faf6 /fi6 a}+sn] sf/afxL u/]sf] jf /fi6 a}+sn] Joj:yfkg cfkm\gf] lgoGq0fdf lnO{ lgnDag jf lj36gdf k/]sf] ldltn] kfFr jif{ gk'u]sf] .

-6_ -7_

-8_ -9_

-@_ b]xfosf] cj:yfdf s'g} ;+rfnssf] kbdf axfn /xg] 5}g M -s_

JolQm

pkbkmf -!_ df n]lvP adf]lhd ;+rfnssf] kbdf lgo'Qm x'g cof]Uo ePdf, ;fwf/0f ;efn] ;+rfnssf] x6fpg] k|:tfj kfl/t u/]df, ;+rfnsn] cfgf] kbaf6 /flhgfdf :jLs[t ePdf, kbaf6 lbPsf]

-v_ -u_ -3_

a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] sfd sf/afxLdf a]OdfgL jf ablgot u/]sf] s'/f cbfntaf6 k|dfl0ft ePdf, o; P]g adf]lhd ;+rfnsn] ug{ gx'g] egL tf]lsPsf] s'g} sfd u/]df .

!(=

;+rfnssf] of]Uotf M ;+rfnssf] kbdf lgo'Qm x'g b]xfosf] of]Uotf k'u]sf] x'g'kg]{5 M -s_ -v_ bkmf !* adf]lhd cof]Uo gePsf], s'g} ljifodf :gftsf]kflw xfl;n u/]sf] jf s'g} ;/sf/L jf a}+ls jf ljQLo If]q jf ;+ul7t If]q;+u ;DalGwt s'g} lgsfodf slDtdf kfFrjif{sf] cg'ej k|fKt u/]sf].

t/, -!_ ;j{;fwf/0f z]o/wgLsf] tkm{af6 lgjf{rg x'g] ;+rfnssf] xsdf plNnlvt of]Uotf cfjZos kg]{ 5}g . -@_ 3 ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf ;+rfnssf] of]Uotf /fi6 a}+sn] ;do ;dodf tf]lslbP adf]lhd x'g]5 .

@)= ;+rfnssf] kbfjlwM -!_ Af}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf ;+rfnssf] kbfjlw lgodfjnLdf pNn]v eP adf]lhd a9Ldf rf/ jif{sf] x'g]5 . t/, -!_ bkmf !& sf] k|ltaGwfTds jfSof+zsf] v08 -s_ / -v_ adf]lhd lgo'Qm ePsf] ;+rfns jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef geP;Dd dfq cfgf] kbdf axfn /xg]5 . -@_s'g} ;+rfnssf] kb aLrdf l/Qm eO{ ;f] kbdf lgo'Qm ePsf] ;+rfnssf] sfof{jlw ;f] ;+rfns h'g ;+rfnssf] kb l/Qm eO{ lgo'Qm ePsf] xf] ;f] ;+rfnssf] afFsL kbfjlw;Ddsf] nflu dfq x'g]5 . -@_ kbfjlw ;dfKt eO{ ;+rfnssf] kbaf6 cjsfz k|fKt ug]{ JolQm ;+rfnssf] kbdf k'gM lgo'Qm x'g ;Sg]5 . @!= ;+rfnssf] kfl/>lds tyf ;'ljwf M -!_ ;+rfnsn] a}7sdf pkl:yt eP jfkt kfpg] a}7s eQf, kfl/>lds / Af}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] sfd ubf{sf] kfl/>lds tyf cGo ;'ljwf lgodfjnLdf tf]lsP adf]lhd x'g]5 . -@_ ;+rfnsn] pkbkmf -!_ df n]lvPafx]s s'g} ;'ljwf lnPsf] ePdf o; P]g adf]lhd s;'/ u/]sf] dfgL To:tf] ;'ljwf jfkt lnPsf] /sd lghaf6 c;'n pk/ u/L lng'kg]{5 .

@@= ;+rfnsn] hfgsf/L u/fpg' kg]{M -!_ ;+rfnsn] cfk"m ;+rfnssf] ?kdf axfn u/]sf] ;ft

lbgleqdf b]xfosf s'/fsf] lnlvt hfgsf/L a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ u/fpg' kg]{5 M -s_ ;DalGwt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yf;+u lgh jf lghsf] kl/jf/sf] s'g} ;b:on] s'g} lsl;dsf] s/f/ u/]sf] jf ug{ nfu]sf] eP ;f]sf] ljj/0f, sfo{sf/L k|d'v, k|aGw ;+rfns, ;lrj, n]vfk/LIfs tyf dxfk|aGwssf] lgo'lQmsf] ;DaGwdf To:tf] lgo'lQmdf s'g} k|sf/sf] :jfy{ jf ;/f]sf/ eP ;f]sf] ljj/0f, lgh jf lghsf] kl/jf/n] ;DalGwt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yf jf To;sf] d'Vo jf ;xfos sDkgLdf lnPsf] z]o/ jf l8j]Gr/sf] ;+Vofsf] ljj/0f, lgh s'g} sDkgLsf] ;+rfns eP ;f]sf] ljj/0f, lghsf] kl/jf/sf] s'g} ;b:o ;DalGwt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfdf kbflwsf/Lsf] x}l;otdf sfd ul//xsf] eP ;f]sf] ljj/0f,

-v_

-u_

-3_ -_

;+rfnsn] ;ldltnfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg' kg]{ egL /fi6 a}+sn] tf]lslbPsf] cGo ljj/0f . -@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd hfgsf/L u/fp+bf ;+rfns jf lghsf] kl/jf/sf] ;b:osf] aLrdf s'g} lnlvt ;Demf}tf ePsf]df To:tf] ;Demf}tf / ;Demf}tf gePdf sf/f]af/ jf ljQLo :jfy{ jf ;+nUgtf ;+u ;DalGwt d'Vo / cfjZos s'/f v'nfOPsf] x'g' kg]{5 . -#_ ;+rfnsn] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lbPsf] hfgsf/L] ;ft lbgleq /fi6 a}+sdf lbg' kg]{5 /

-r_

/fi6 a}+sn] To:tf] hfgsf/L k|fKt u/]kl5 ;f] k|of]hgsf] nflu v8f u/]sf] 5'6[} /lhi6/df clen]v u/L /fVg' kg]{5 . @#= ;ldltsf] a}7s M -!_ ;ldltsf] a}7s jif{df sDtLdf afx| k6s a:g' kg]{5 . t/ b'O{j6f a}7ssf] aLrsf] km/s b'O{ dlxgf eGbf a9L x'g] 5}g . -@_ sDtLdf Ps ltxfO{ ;+rfnsn] lnlvt cg'/f]w u/]df cWoIfn] h'g;'s} avt a}7s af]nfpg' kg]{5 . -#_ ;ldltsf] a}7ssf] cWoIftf cWoIfn] ug]{5 . cWoIfsf] cg'kl:yltdf ;+rfnsx?n] cfk"mdWo] ax'dtaf6 5fg]sf] s'g} Pshgf ;+rfnsn] ;ldltsf] a}7ssf] cWoIftf ug]{5 . -$_ a}7sdf pkl:yt eO{ dtbfg ug]{ clwsf/ k|fKt s'n ;+rfnssf] ;+Vofsf] sDtLdf PsfpGg k|ltzt ;+rfns pkl:yt geO{ ;ldltsf] a}7s a:g] 5}g . -%_ ;ldltsf] a}7sdf ax'dtsf] lg0f{o dfGo x'g]5 / cWoIfn] dt a/fa/ ePdf dfq lg0ff{os dt lbg ;Sg]5 . -^_ s'g} ;+rfnssf] lghL :jfy{ ePsf] s'g} k|:tfj pk/ a}7sdf 5nkmn x'Fbf ;f] a}7sdf ;f] ;+rfnsn] efu lng kfpg] 5}g . -&_ ;ldltsf] a}7sdf pkl:yt ;+rfnssf] gfd, 5nkmn ePsf] ljifo / tT;DaGwdf ePsf] lg0f{osf] ljj/0f -dfOGo"6_ 5'} lstfadf clen]v /fVg' kg]{5 / ;f] clen]vdf a}7sdf pkl:yt ;Dk"0f{ ;+rfnsn] ;xL u/]sf] x'g' kg]{5 . t/ s'g} ljifodf 5nkmn ubf{ s'g} ;+rfnsn] lg0f{osf] ljkl/t jf To:tf] lg0f{o x'g] s'/f eGbf km/s larf/ /fv]df ;f]xL s'/f lghn] clen]vdf pNn]v ug{ ;Sg]5 .

@$=

;+rfnssf] hjfkmb]xL / bfloTj M -!_ ;+rfnsn] Af}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yf dfk{mt jf Af}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] sfdsf] l;nl;nfdf JolQmut kmfObf lng] s'g} sfd ug{ x'Fb}g . -@_ s'g} JolQm ;+rfns lgo'Qm ePkl5 sfo{ef/ ;DxfNg' eGbf klxn] Af}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] sf/f]af/df jf Af}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yf;+u ePsf] ;Demf}tf jf ;+nUgtfdf lghsf] lghL jf ljQLo :jfy{ eP To:tf] s'/f ;ldltnfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg' kg]{5 . -#_ Af}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] sf/f]af/sf] l;nl;nfdf s'g} ;+rfnsn] JolQmut kmfObf lnPsf] kfOPdf ;f] /sd Af}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] To:tf] ;+rfnsaf6 c;'npk/ ul/lng]5 . -$_ Af}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;+rfnssf] x}l;otn] sfd ug]{ JolQmn] cfgf] clwsf/ If]q gf3L u/]sf] s'g} sfd sf/afxL k|lt Af}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yf pQ/bfoL x'g] 5}g . -%_ ;+rfnsn] cfgf] JolQmut lxtsf nflu jf Af}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ xfgL gf]S;fgL k'ofpgsf] lgldQ s'g} sf/f]af/ ug{ nfu]sf] xf] eGg] hfgL hfgL jf ljZjf; ug]{ sf/0f eP/ klg s;}n] To:tf] ;+rfns jf k|ltlglw;+u s'g} sf/f]af/ u/]sf] /x]5 eg] ;f] JolQmn] Af}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yf pk/ To:tf] sf/f]af/sf] ;DaGwdf s'g} bfjL ug{ kfpg] 5}g . -^_ ;+rfnsn] a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] Joj:yfkgsf] b}lgs sfd sf/afxLdf x:tIf]k ug'{ x'Fb}g . -&_ a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf ;+rfnsn] kfngf ug'{kg]{ u/L /fi6 a}+sn] ;do ;dodf lbPsf lgb]{zgnfO{ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf ;+rfnsn] kfngf ug'{ kg]{5 .

@%= ;+rfnssf] nut M k|To]s Af}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] cfgf] ;+rfnssf] JolQmut ljj/0f Pp6f 5'} lstfadf n]vL /fVg' kg]{5 / ;f] ;DaGwL ljj/0f / ;+rfns cbnabn ePdf To;sf] ;"rgf ;d]t kGw| lbgleq /fi6 a}+sdf k7fpg' kg]{5 . @^= sfo{sf/L k|d'vsf] lgo'lQm / ;]jfsf] zt{ M -!_ ;ldltn] o; P]g, k|aGwkq / lgodfjnLsf] cwLgdf /xL a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] sfo{sf/L k|d'vsf] lgo'lQm ug]{5 . -@_ sfo{sf/L k|d'vsf] lgo'lQm ubf{ s'g} ljifodf sDtLdf :gfts pkflw xfl;n u/L a}+ls+u, ljQLo jf ;+ul7t If]qsf] sfo{sf/L tx jf ;+rfns kbdf sDtLdf kfFr jif{sf] cg'ej ePsf] JolQm dWo]af6 of]Uo JolQmnfO{ lgo'lQm ug'{ kg]{5 . :ki6Ls/0fM o; pkbkmfsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu sfo{sf/L tx eGgfn] s'g} ;/sf/L, a}+ls+u, ljQLo, ;+ul7t If]q jf cGt/f{li6o ljQLo ;+3, ;+:yfsf] clws[t txsf] jf ;f] ;/x jf ;f]eGbf dflysf] kbnfO{ ;Demg'k5{ . -#_ sfo{sf/L k|d'v a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] k|d'v k|zf;s x'g]5 . -$_ sfo{sf/L k|d'vsf] kbfjlw a9Ldf rf/ jif{sf] x'g]5 / lghsf] k'glg{o'lQm x'g ;Sg]5 . -%_ sfo{sf/L k|d'vsf] kfl/>lds / ;]jfsf] cGo zt{ ;ldltn] tf]s]adf]lhd x'g]5 . @&= sfo{sf/L k|d'vsf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ M -!_ sfo{sf/L k|d'vsf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ b]xfo adf]lhd x'g]5 M -s_ ;ldltsf] lg0f{o nfu" ug]{ / o; P]g,

k|aGwkq / lgodfjnLsf] cwLgdf /xL a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] sfd sf/afxL tyf sf/f]af/sf] /]vb]v / lgoGq0f ug]{, -v_ a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] jflif{s ah]6 / sfo{of]hgf tof/ u/L :jLs[ltsf] nflu ;ldlt ;dIf k]z ug]{, a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] sd{rf/L ljlgodfjnLsf] cwLgdf /xL cfjZos hgzlQm Joj:yfkg ug]{, ;ldlt / ;fwf/0f ;eff/f ul/Psf lg0f{o / /fi6 a}+sf/f lgb]{lzt s'/fx? sfof{Gjog ug]{, u/fpg], of] P]g, k|aGwkq / lgodfjnLsf] cwLgdf /xL a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] /fi6 a}+s jf cGo s'g} lgsfodf k]z ug'{ kg]{ ljj/0f, sfuhft, lg0f{o cflb oyf;dodf k]z ug]{,

-u_

-3_

a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yf ;~rfng ug]{ ;DaGwdf tf]lsP adf]lhdsf cGo sfo{x? ug]{. -@_ sfo{sf/L k|d'v cfgf] sfdsf] lgldQ ;ldltk|lt pQ/bfoL x'g]5.

-r_

kl/R5]b$
Ohfhtkq ;DaGwL Joj:yf @*= a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yf afx]s cGo s;}n] ljQLo sf/f]af/ ug{ gkfpg] M -!_ o; P]g adf]lhd ;+:yflkt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yf afx]s cGo s;}n] klg o; P]g adf]lhdsf] ljQLo sf/f]af/ ug{ kfpg] 5}g . t/, k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd :yfkgf eO{ g]kfn

/fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* adf]lhd /fi6 a}+saf6 lgIf]k lng jf shf{ lbg :jLs[lt kfPsf a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yf afx]ssf ;+ul7t ;+:yfn] To:tf] sf/f]af/ ug{ afwf k'u]sf] dflgg] 5}g . -@_ s;}n] klg /fi6 a}+ssf] :jLs[lt glnO{ ljQLo sf/f]af/ ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] gfd k|of]u ug{ x'Fb}g . -#_ pkbkmf -!_ jf -@_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg of] P]g k|f/De x'+bfsf avt k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd ljQLo sf/f]af/ ug{ :jLs[lt k|fKt u/]sf] s'g} a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] To:tf] sf/f]af/ ug{ :jLs[lt k|fKt ubf{sf avt sfod /x]sf] gfd k|of]u u/L ljQLo sf/f]af/ ug{ ;Sg]5 . -$_ o; P]gdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfkgL v, u tyf 3 ju{sf] O{hfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yfn]= qmdzM ljsf; a}+s, ljQ sDkgL tyf n3'ljQ ljsf; a}+s eGg] gfd k|of]u ug{ kfpg]5g\ . -%_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd :jLs[lt k|fKt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] ljQLo sf/f]af/ ubf{ kfngf ug'{kg]{ zt{x? /fi6 a}+sn] tf]s] adf]lhd x'g]5 . @(= ljQLo sf/f]af/ ug]{ Ohfhtkqsf] nflu lgj]bg lbg'kg]{ M -!_ o; P]g adf]lhd ljQLo sf/f]af/ ug{ rfxg] a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] Ohfhtkqsf] nflu /fi6 a}+sn] tf]lslbPsf] 9fFrfdf /fi6 a}+s ;dIf lgj]bg lbg' kg]{5 . -@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lbOg] lgj]bgsf ;fydf a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] /fi6 a}+sn] Ohfhtkqsf nflu tf]lslbPsf] b:t'/ / b]xfosf ljj/0f tyf sfuhft ;d]t ;+nUg u/]sf] x'g' kg]{5 M

-s_

a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] k|aGwkq, lgodfjnL tyf a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yf btf{ ePsf] k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk, a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] ljQLo sf/f]af/ ;+rfng ug{ cfjZos ;a} k"jf{wf/ tof/ ePsf] sfof{no ejgsf] ljj/0f jf ejg ef8fdf lng] eP axfn ;DaGwL ;Demf}tfsf] k|ltlnlk / ef8fdf lng] ejgsf] ljj/0f, a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] sfo{sf/L k|d'v tyf cGo sfo{sf/L txsf kbflwsf/Lsf] JolQmut ljj/0f / a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;+u7gfTds ;+/rgf, a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] sd{rf/L ;]jf zt{ / ;'ljwf ;DaGwL ljlgod, a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] shf{ gLlt, a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] cfly{s k|zf;g ;DaGwL ljlgod, shf{ ckn]vg ;DaGwL ljlgod, a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;+:yfksn] lng sa"n u/]sf] z]o/sf] /sd r'Stf eO{ /fi6 a}+sdf hDdf u/]sf] k|dfl0ft x'g] sfuhft,

-v_

-u_

-3_ -_ -r_ -5_ -h_

-em_ /fi6 a}+sn] ;do ;dodf tf]lslbPsf] cGo ljj/0f tyf sfuhftx? . -#_ ljQLo sf/f]af/ ug]{ Ohfhtkq lngsf nflu /fi6 a}+s ;dIf lgj]bg lbg] a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] b]xfosf s'/f ;d]t lgj]bg;fy pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 M -s_ ljQLo sf/f]af/ ;+rfng u?Gh]n /fi6

a}+sn] ;do ;dodf tf]lslbP adf]lhdsf] Go"gtd k"FhL sfod /fVg] s'/f, -v_ /fi6 a}+s ;Gt'i6 x'g] u/L a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yf ;+rfng ug{ cfjZos k"jf{wf/ tof/ u/L ;]jf tyf ;'ljwf k|bfg ug{ ;Sg] kof{Kt cfwf/ /x]sf] s'/f, a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] ljQLo sf/f]af/ ;+rfng ug{sf nflu k|:tfj u/]sf] ljlgod tyf sf/f]af/ ;+rfng ;DaGwL Joj:yfaf6 ljQLo sf/f]af/ lgoldt ?kdf ;+rfng eO{ lgIf]kstf{sf] xs lxt ;+/If0f x'g] s'/f, ljQLo sf/f]af/ ug{sf nflu /fi6 a}+sn] tf]s]sf zt{x? kfngf ug]{ s'/fsf] d+h'/L .

-u_

-3_

#)=

ljQLo sf/f]af/ ug{ Ohfhtkq lbg] M bkmf @( adf]lhd lgj]bg k|fKt ePdf a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yf ;+rfng ug{ cfjZos ef}lts k"jf{wf/sf cltl/Qm b]xfosf s'/fdf cfjZos hfFra'em u/L /fi6 a}+s ;Gt'i6 ePdf /fi6 a}+sn] To:tf] a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ bkmf #! adf]lhdsf] juL{s/0fsf] cfwf/df sf/f]af/ ;+rfng ug{ s'g} Ps ju{sf] Ohfhtkq lbg ;Sg]5 M -s_ ljQLo sf/f]af/ ug{ Ohfhtkq lb+bf :j:y k|lt:kwf{Tds / ljQLo dWo:ytf ;DaGwL sf/f]af/ k|efjsf/L eO{ lgIf]kstf{sf] lxt x'G5 eGg] nfu]df, of] P]g jf o; P]g cGtu{t ag]sf] lgod, ljlgod jf ;f] cGtu{t hf/L ePsf

-v_

cfb]z jf lgb]{zg tyf k|aGwkq / lgodfjnLsf cwLgdf /xL ljQLo sf/f]af/ ;+rfng ug{ ;Ifd 5 eGg] nfu]df, -u_ bkmf @( sf] pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd Ohfhtkqsf] nflu lbPsf] lgj]bg ;fy ;+nUg ljj/0f tyf sfuhft cg';f/ a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yf ljQLo sf/f]af/ ug{ ;Ifd 5 egL ljZjf; ug]{ kof{Kt cfwf/ ePdf .

#!=

Ohfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yfsf] juL{s/0fM -!_ bkmf $& adf]lhd ljQLo sf/f]af/ ug{ bkmf #) adf]lhd lbg] Ohfhtkqsf] nflu cfjZos x'g] Go"gtd r'Qmf k"FhLsf] cfwf/df /fi6 a}+sn] Ohfht k|fKt ;+:yfx?nfO{ s, v, u, / 3 ju{df juL{s/0f u/L ;f]xL adf]lhdsf] Ohfhtkq ;DalGwt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ lbg]5 . -@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd juL{s/0f ul/Psf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] Go"gtd r'Qmf k"FhL /fi6 a}+sn] tf]s] adf]lhd x'g]5 .

#@= ljQLo sf/f]af/ ;+rfng ug{ Ohfhtkq lbg OGsf/ ug{ ;lsg] M -!_ bkmf #) df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg /fi6 a}+sn] b]xfosf] s'g} cj:yfdf a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ ljQLo sf/f]af/ ;+rfng ug{ Ohfhtkq lbg OGsf/ ug{ ;Sg]5 M -s_ a}+s jf ljQLo If]qsf] ljBdfg cj:yf / ;DefJotfsf] cfwf/df ljQLo sf/f]af/ ;+rfng ug{ yk a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ Ohfhtkq lbg pko'St gb]lvPdf,

-v_

v08 -s_ sf] cj:yf x]/L lgIf]kstf{sf] lxt ;+/If0fsf] lgldQ ljQLo sf/f]af/ ;+rfng ug{ Ohfhtkq lbg plrt / pko'Qm gb]lvPdf,

bkmf @( / #) sf ljj/0f jf s'/fx? k"/f ePsf] gb]lvPdf . -@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd s'g} a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ ljQLo sf/f]af/ ;+rfng ug]{ Ohfhtkq lbg g;lsg] cj:yf ePdf /fi6 a}+sn] ;f]sf] sf/0f v'nfO{ lgj]bg k/]sf] ldltn] Ps ;o aL; lbg leq ;DalGwt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ ;"rgf lbg' kg]{5 . ;f] cjlw leq /fi6 a}+sn] yk ljj/0f dfu u/]sf] eP To:tf] ljj/0f k|fKt ePsf] ldltn] gAa] lbg leq To:tf] ;"rgf lbg' kg]{5 . ##= /fi6 a}+sn] zt{ tf]Sg ;Sg] M -!_ bkmf #) adf]lhd ljQLo sf/f]af/ ug]{ Ohfhtkq k|bfg ubf{ ljBdfg a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] cj:yf, ljQLo sf/f]af/sf] :j:y ;+rfng tyf lgIf]kstf{sf] lxtnfO{ Wofgdf /fvL /fi6 a}+sn] cfjZos zt{ tf]Sg ;Sg]5 . o:tf] zt{sf] kfngf ug'{ ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] st{Jo x'g]5 . -@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd tf]lsPsf] zt{df /fi6 a}+sn] cfjZostf cg';f/ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] cj:yf, ljQLo sf/f]af/sf] :j:y ;+rfng tyf lgIf]kstf{sf] lxtnfO{ Wofgdf /fvL yk36 tyf x]/k]m/ ug{ ;Sg]5 . ljb]zL a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] sfof{no vf]Ng] ;DaGwL ljz]if Joj:yf M -!_ s'g} ljb]zL a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] g]kfn /fHo leq cfgf] sfof{no vf]Ng rfx]df /fi6 a}+sn] tf]lslbPsf] ljj/0f / b:t'/ ;lxt /fi6 a}+sdf lgj]bg lbg' kg]{5.

-u_

#$=

-@_ o; P]gdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] lgj]bg k|fKt x'g cfPdf /fi6 a}+sn] a}+ls If]qdf ljBdfg k|lt:kwf{, ljb]zL a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] g]kfn /fHosf a}+ls ljsf;df k'ofpg ;Sg] of]ubfg / To:tf] ljb]zL a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] Voflt / k|lti7f ;d]tnfO{ ljrf/ u/L To:tf] a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ g]kfn /fHodf cfgf] sfof{no :yfkgf u/L ljQLo sf/f]af/ ug]{ Ohfhtkq lbg ;Sg]5 . -#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd Ohfhtkq k|bfg ubf{ /fi6 a}+sn] cfjZostf cg';f/ zt{x? tf]Sg ;Sg]5 / o;/L tf]s]sf zt{x? kfngf ug'{ ;DalGwt ljb]zL a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] st{Jo x'g]5 . -$_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd Ohfhtkqk|fKt u/L ;+:yfkgf x'g] ljb]zL a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ ljQLo sf/f]af/sf ;DaGwdf o; P]gsf] Joj:yf nfu' x'g]5 . t/ ljb]zL a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] k|ltlglw jf ;Dks{ sfof{nosf] sfd sf/afxLsf] xsdf /fi6 a}+sn] tf]lslbP adf]lhd x'g]5 . -%_ o; bkmf adf]lhd g]kfn /fHodf ljQLo sf/f]af/ ug]{ u/L cfgf] sfof{no vf]Ng :jLs[lt kfPsf] ljb]zL a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ g]kfn /fHo leq ;+o'Qm nufgLdf csf]{ a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yf vf]Ng] :jLs[lt lbOg] 5}g . #%= Ohfhtkqsf] lgnDag tyf vf/]hL M -!_ Ohfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yfn] g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* jf of] P]g jf ;f] cGtu{t ag]sf] lgod jf ljlgod ljkl/t sfd u/]df jf /fi6 a}+sn] lbPsf] cfb]z jf lgb]{zgsf] kfngf gu/]df jf lgIf]kstf{sf] lxtnfO{ Wofgdf /fvL cfk"mn] ug'{kg]{ sfd gu/]df /fi6 a}+sn] lglZrt cjlw tf]sL To:tf] Ohfhtkq k|fKt

;+:yfn] o; P]g adf]lhd ljQLo sf/f]af/ ug{ k|fKt u/]sf] Ohfhtkq lgnDag ug{ jf To:tf] a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] jf To;sf] s'g} sfof{nosf] sf/f]af/ k"0f{ jf cf+lzs ?kdf /f]Ssf ug{ ;Sg]5 . -@_ /fi6 a}+sn] b]xfosf cj:yfdf Ohfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yfn] o; P]g adf]lhd ljQLo sf/f]af/ ;+rfng ug{ k|fKt u/]sf] Ohfhtkq vf/]h ug{ ;Sg]5 M -s_ Ohfhtkq vf/]hLsf] nflu ;DalGwt Ohfhtkq k|fKt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] cg'/f]w u/]df, Ohfhtkqk|fKt u/]sf] ldltn] dlxgfleq ljQLo sf/f]af/ gu/]df, 5

-v_ -u_

nuftf/ Ps dxLgf eGbf a9L cjlwb]lv ljQLo sf/f]af/ ug{ aGb u/]df, lgIf]kstf{sf] xs lxt ljkl/t x'g] u/L ljQLo sf/f]af/ ;+rfng u/]df, g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* jf of] P]g jf ;f] cGtu{t ag]sf] lgod tyf ljlgodsf] pNn+3g u/]df, /fi6 a}+sn] pNn+3g u/]df, tf]lslbPsf] zt{ jf

-3_ -_

-r_ -5_ -h_

/fi6 a}+sn] lbPsf] cfb]z lgb]{zgsf] kfngf gu/]df,

;fx"sf] C0f ltg{ g;sL bfdf;fxLdf k/]df,

-em_ e'm7f] ljj/0f k]z u/L a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] Ohfhtkq k|fKt u/]sf] kfOPdf,

Ohfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yf cGo a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfdf uflePdf . -#_ pkbkmf -@_ sf] v08 -s_ adf]lhd Af}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] cfgf] Ohfhtkq vf/]h ug{ /fi6 a}+s ;dIf /Ltk"j{s lgj]bg lbPdf To:tf] lgj]bg lbPsf] k}+tfln; lbg leq /fi6 a}+sn] ;f] pk/ lg0f{o ug'{ kg]{5 . -$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhdsf] lg0f{osf] lnlvt ;"rgf / To:tf] lg0f{osf] cfwf/ ;DalGwt Af}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ pknAw u/fOg]5 . -%_ o; bkmf adf]lhd Ohfhtkq /2 ug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf]df ;f]sf] ;"rgf /fi6 a}+sn] ;fj{hlgs ?kdf k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 . #^= tNnf] ju{sf] Ohfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yf dflyNnf] ju{sf] Ohfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yfdf kl/0ft x'g ;Sg] M -!_ b]xfosf] cj:yf k"/f u/]sf] tNnf] ju{sf] Ohfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yf /fi6 a}+ssf] :jLs[lt lnP/ dflyNnf] ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf kl/0ft x'g ;Sg]5 M -s_ dflyNnf] ju{sf] Ohfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yfsf nflu /fi6 a}+sn] tf]s]sf] k"FhL ePsf], ljut kfFr jif{b]lv nuftf/ gfkmf ug{ ;Ifd ePsf], s'n lgis[o shf{ -gg\k/km/ld nf]g_ /fi6 a}+sn] tf]s]sf] ;Ldf leq /x]sf],

-`_

-v_ -u_ -3_

/fi6 a}+sn] tf]s]sf ;a} zt{x? k"/f u/]sf] . -@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] :jLs[lt k|fKt ePdf ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] dflyNnf] ju{sf] ljQLo sf/f]af/ ug{ cfkm\gf] k|aGwkq /

lgodfjnLdf ;+zf]wg ug'{ kg]{ /x]5 eg] k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd ;+zf]wg u/L dflyNnf] ju{sf] Ohfhtkq k|fKt ug{ o; P]g adf]lhd /fi6 a}+s ;dIf lgj]bg ug'{ kg]{5 . #&= dflyNnf] ju{sf] Ohfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yf tNnf] ju{sf] Ohfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yfdf kl/0ft x'g] M !_ b]xfosf] s'g} cj:yf k"/f gug]{ s ju{sf] Ohfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yf v ju{df / v ju{sf] Ohfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yf u ju{df kl/0ft x'g] u/L /fi6 a}+sn] lg0f{o ug{ ;Sg]5 M -s_ -v_ -u_ /fi6 a}+sn] tf]s]sf] cjlwleq tf]s]adf]lhdsf] k"FhL gk'ofPsf], ljut kfFr jif{b]lv nuftf/ gf]S;fgLdf /x]sf], /fi6 a}+sn] lbPsf] lgb]{zg k6sk6s pNn+3g u/L sf/afxLdf k/]sf],

/fi6 a}+sn] tf]s]adf]lhd hf]lvd Joxf]g]{ sf]if sfod ug{ g;s]sf] . -@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd s'g} a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ sf/afxL ug'{ eGbf cuf8L /fi6 a}+sn] To:tf] a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ To:tf] sf/afxLsf] la?4 ;kmfO{ k]z ug]{ dgfl;j dflkmssf] df}sf lbg' kg]{5 . -#_ dflyNnf] ju{sf] Ohfhtkq k|fKt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] tNnf] ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf kl/0ft x'g rfxL :jLs[ltsf nflu /fi6 a}+sdf lgj]bg lbPdf /fi6 a}+sn] cfjZos hfFra'em u/L :jLs[lt k|bfg u/]df To:tf] a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yf tNnf] ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfdf kl/0ft x'g]5 .

-3_

#*=

t/n ;DklQ sfod ug'{ kg]{M lgIf]k ;+sng ug]{ jf shf{ k|jfx ug]{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] /fi6 a}+sn] tf]lslbP adf]lhdsf] t/n ;DklQ sfod ug'{ kg]{5 . Ohfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;"rL k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{ M -!_ /fi6 a}+sn] cfly{s jif{sf] k|To]s tLg dlxgfdf ljQLo sf/f]af/ ub}{ cfPsf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;"rL /fli6o:t/sf] kqklqsfdf k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 . -@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ;"rL k|sfzg ubf{ To:tf ;+:yfn] ljQLo sf/f]af/ ;+rfng u/]sf] ldlt tyf k|To]s ;+:yfsf] r'Qmf k"FhLsf] ljj/0f ;d]t cnu cnu b]lvg] u/L k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 .

#(=

kl/R5]b%
k"FhL ;DaGwL Joj:yf $)= k"FhL sfod /fVg'kg]{ M -!_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] Go"gtd clws[t k"FhL, hf/L k"FhL tyf r'Qmf k"FhL /fi6 a}+sn] ;do ;dodf tf]s]adf]lhd x'g]5 . -@_ of] P]g k|f/De xF'bfsf avt sfod /x]sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] /fi6 a}+sn] tf]s]sf] cjlw leq pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] k"FhLut ;+/rgf sfod ug'{ kg]{5 . -#_ pkbkmf -@_ sf] cjlw leq pkbkmf !_ adf]lhdsf] k"FhL gk'ofpg] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] To:tf] k"FhL gk'ofP;Dd nfef+z 3f]if0ff ug{ jf afF8\g kfpg] 5}g . k"FhL a[l4 ug'{kg]{ M -!_ /fi6 a}+sn] pko'Qm b]v]df Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] tTsfn

$!=

sfod /x]sf] clws[t k"FhL, hf/L k"FhL / r'Qmf k"FhL a9fpg lgb]{zg lbg ;Sg]5 . -@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd /fi6 a}+sn] lgb]{zg lbPdf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] cfkm\gf] clws[t k"FhL, hf/L k"FhL tyf e'QmfgL k"FhL a[l4 ug'{ kg]{5 . $@= k"FhLsf]if M -!_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] cfgf] s'n ;DklQ jf s'n hf]lvdefl/t ;DklQsf] cfwf/df /fi6 a}+sn] tf]lslbPsf] cg'kftdf k"FhLsf]if sfod ug'{ kg]{5 . -@_ s'g} a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] pkbkmf !_ adf]lhdsf] k"FhLsf]if sfod ug{ g;s]df ;ldltn] k}+tL; lbgleq ;f]sf] hfgsf/L /fi6 a}+snfO{ lbg' kg]{5 . To;/L lbPsf] hfgsf/Ldf cGo s'/fsf] cltl/Qm k"FhLsf]if sfod /xg g;s]sf] sf/0f tyf k"FhLsf]ifnfO{ a[l4 u/L klxn]s} cj:yfdf Nofpg ;ldltn] tof/ u/]sf] of]hgf jf sfo{qmd ;d]t ;+nUg u/]sf] x'g' kg]{5 . -#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhdsf] hfgsf/L k|fKt ePkl5 /fi6 a}+sn] ;ldltn] k]z u/]sf] of]hgf jf sfo{qmd dgfl;j b]v]df ;f]xL adf]lhd / To;df s'g} ;+zf]wg jf x]/km]/ ug'{ k/]df ;f]sf] sf/0f v'nfO{ k|:tfljt of]hgf jf sfo{qmd ;+zf]wg jf x]/km]/ u/L sfof{Gjog ug{ ;DalGwt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ lgb]{zg lbg]5 . -$_ s'g} a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] o; bkmf adf]lhdsf] bfloTj k"/f gu/]df jf tTsfn ug{ ;Sg] gb]lvPdf /fi6 a}+sn] To:tf] a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ bkmf #& adf]lhdsf] sf/afxL ug{ ;Sg]5 . -%_ o; bkmfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg /fi6 a}+sn] ;do ;dodf lbPsf] lgb]{zg ;+rfns ;ldltn] kfngf gu/]sf] jf ;+rfns jf sfo{sf/L

k|d'vsf] ]ifk"0f{ nfk/jfxL jf ablgotn] ;DalGwt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] k"FhLsf]if pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd sfod x'g g;s]sf] /x]5 eg] To:tf] ;+rfns jf sfo{sf/L k|d'vnfO{ /fi6 a}+sn] ljuf] adf]lhd;Dd hl/jfgf ug{ ;Sg]5 / ;+rfns jf sfo{sf/L k|d'vsf] To:tf] sfo{af6 k"FhLsf]if sfod /xg g;ls xfgL gf]S;fgL ePsf] /x]5 eg] ;f] /sd c;"npk/ ug{ /fi6 a}+s, ;DalGwt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yf jf To:tf] a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] r'Qmf k"FhLsf] kfFr k|ltzt;Dd z]o/ lnPsf z]o/wgLn] PSn} jf ;fd'lxs ?kdf lgh pk/ k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd cbfntdf ph"/ ug{ ;Sg]5g\ . $#= hf]lvd Joxf]g]{ sf]if M Ohfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yfn] cfgf] s'n ;DklQ / jf;nft aflx/sf] sf/f]af/sf] bfloTj ;DaGwL hf]lvdnfO{ vfDg ;Sg] u/L /fi6 a}+sn] tf]lslbPadf]lhdsf] cg'kftdf hf]lvd Joxf]g]{ sf]if /fVg' kg]{5 . $$= ;fwf/0f hu]8f sf]if M -!_ Ohfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yfn] Ps ;fwf/0f hu]8f sf]if sfod /fVg' kg]{5 . To:tf] hu]8f sf]ifdf e'QmfgL k"FhLsf] bf]Aa/ geP;Dd k|To]s jif{sf] v'b gfkmfaf6 sDtLdf aL; k|ltzt /sd yKb} hfg' kg]{5 . -@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd Ohfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yfsf] hu]8f sf]ifdf hDdf ePsf] /sd /fi6 a}+ssf] k"j{ :jLs[lt glnO{ cGo zLif{sdf /sdfGt/ ug{ jf nufgL ug{ kfOg]5}g . $%= ;6xL ;dLs/0f sf]if M -!_ ljb]zL ljlgdo sf/f]af/ ug]{ Ohfhtkq kfPsf] Ohfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yfn] k|To]s cfly{s jif{df ef/tLo ?k}+ofF afx]s cGo ljb]zL d'b|fsf] ljlgdo b/df kl/jt{g ePsf] sf/0faf6 cfh{g u/]sf] k'gd{"Nofg d'gfkmfnfO{ ;f]xL

cfly{s jif{sf] cGTodf gfkmfgf]S;fg lx;fadf cfjZos lx;fa ldnfg ug'{ kg]{5 . o;/L gfkmf gf]S;fg lx;fadf lx;fa ldnfg ubf{ s'g} cfly{s jif{df k'gd"{Nofg cfDbfgL ePsf] 5 eg] To:tf] d'gfkmfsf] sDtLdf kRrL; k|ltzt /sd ;6xL ;dLs/0f sf]ifdf hDdf ug'{ kg]{5 . t/ ef/tLo ?k}ofFsf] ljlgdo b/df kl/jt{g ePsf] sf/0faf6 x'g] k'gd"{Nofg gfkmf gf]S;fgLsf] xsdf /fi6 a}+sn] tf]s] adf]lhd x'g]5 . -@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ;6xL ;dLs/0f sf]ifdf hDdf ePsf] /sd ljb]zL d'b|fsf] cjd"Nog ePsf] sf/0faf6 x'g] gf]S;fgL ;dfof]hg ug{ afx]s /fi6 a}+ssf] :jLs[lt glnO{ cGo sfddf vr{ ug{ jf /sdfGt/ ug{ kfOg] 5}g . $^= nfef+z afF8\gdf aGb]h M -!_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ;Dk"0f{ k|f/lDes vr{, cl3Nnf] jif{;Dd x'g uPsf] gf]S;fgL, k"FhLsf]if, hf]lvdJoxf]g]{ sf]if / ;fwf/0f hu]8fsf]ifdf bkmf $$ adf]lhd 5'6\ofpg' kg]{ /sd k"/f gu/];Dd / ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ 5'6\ofOPsf] z]o/ laqmL ljt/0f u/L dfu /sd k"0f{?kdf r'Qmf geP;Dd z]o/wgLx?nfO{ nfef+z 3f]if0ff ug{ jf afF8\g kfpg] 5}g . -@_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] nfef+z 3f]if0ff tyf ljt/0f ug'{ cufj} /fi6 a}+ssf] :jLs[lt lng' kg]{5 .

kl/R5]b^
ljQLo sf/f]af/ ;+rfng ;DaGwL Joj:yf $&= Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ug{ ;Sg] ljQLo sf/f]af/ M -!_ of] P]g, k|aGwkq / lgodfjnLsf] cwLgdf

/xL s ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] b]xfo adf]lhdsf] ljQLo sf/f]af/ ug{ ;Sg]5 M -s_ Aofh jf ljgf Aofhdf lgIf]k :jLsf/ ug]{ tyf To:tf] lgIf]ksf] e'QmfgL lbg], /fi6 a}+sn] tf]lslbP adf]lhd shf{ lbg], k|rlnt sfg"gsf] cwLgdf /xL ljb]zL ljlgdo sf/f]af/ ug]{, xfo/ kr]{h, xfOkf]lys]zg, lnlh, xfpl;, tyf ;]jf Joj;fosf] nflu shf{ lbg], /fi6 a}+sn] lbPsf] lgb]{zgsf] cwLgdf /xL dr]{06 a}+ls sf/f]af/ ug]{, cGo Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf;+u ldnL ;xljQLos/0fsf] cfwf/df lwtf] ljefhg -kf/L kf;'_ ug]{ u/L cfk;df ePsf] ;Demf}tf cg';f/ ;+o'Qm ?kdf shf{ lbg] lbnfpg] Joj:yf ug]{, cfgf] u|fxssf] tk{maf6 hdfgtkq hf/L ug]{ / ;f] jfkt u|fxs;+u cfjZos zt{ u/fpg], ;'/If0f lng], lghsf] rn crn ;DklQ lwtf]aGws lng] jf t];|f] JolQmsf] h]yf hdfgt lng], :jb]zL jf ljb]zL a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] hdfgtdf shf{ lbg], k|tLtkq, ljlgdokq, k|lt1fkq, r]s, ofq'r]s, 8f6 jf cGo ljQLo pks/0f lgisfzg ug]{, :jLsf/ ug]{, e'QmfgL

-v_ -u_ -3_

-r_

-5_

-h_ -_

lbg], l8:sfp06 ug]{ jf vl/b laqmL ug]{, -`_ /fi6 a}+sn] lbPsf] lgb]{zgsf] cwLgdf /xL 6]lnkmf]g, 6]n]S;, ofS;, sDKo'6/ jf DofUg]l6s 6]k jf cGo To:t} k|sf/sf ljB'tLo pks/0f jf ;fwgsf] dfWodaf6 lgIf]k lng], e'QmfgL lbg], /sdfGt/ ug]{, /fi6 a}+sn] lbPsf] lgb]{zgsf] cwLgdf /xL q]ml86 sf8{, 8]lj6 sf8{, rfh{ sf8{ nufotsf cGo ljQLo pks/0fx? hf/L ug]{, :jLsf/ ug]{ / ;f] ;DaGwL sfo{ ug{ Ph]06 lgo'Qm ug]{, c6f]d]6]8 6]n/ d]lzg / Sof; l8:k]lG; d]lzgsf] dfWodaf6 lgIf]k lng], e'QmfgL lbg] / shf{ lbg], cfk"mn] kTofPsf] clwljsif{ shf{ lbg], JolQmnfO{

-6_

-7_

-8_ -9_

cfk"msxfF klxn] g} lwtf] /lx;s]sf] rn crn ;DklQsf] d"Non] vfd];Ddsf] /sd k'gM Ps}k6s jf k6sk6s u/L shf{ lbg] jf cGo Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf lwtf] /lx;s]sf] rn crn ;DklQsf] k'gM lwtf]df To;sf] d"Non] vfd];Ddsf] /sd k'gM Ps}k6s jf k6sk6s u/L shf{ lbg],

-0f_ /fi6 a}+sn] tf]s]sf] zt{df /fi6 a}+ssf] Ph]06 eO{ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] tk{maf6 ;/sf/L sf/f]af/ nufot cGo sf/f]af/ ug]{,

-t_

g]kfn /fHoleq jf ljb]zdf ljlgdokq, r]s jf cGo ljQLo pks/0ff/f /sd k7fpg] jf rnfg ug]{, ;'g, rfFbL, z]o/, l8a]Gr/, a08 cflb vl/b laqmL ug]{ / z]o/sf] nfef+z tyf k|lt1fkq, l8a]Gr/, a08 cflbsf] Aofh c;'npk/ ug]{, u|fxssf] lgldQ sldzg Ph]06 eO{ z]o/, l8a]Gr/ jf ;'/If0fsf] lhDdf lng], vl/b laqmL ul/lbg], z]o/sf] nfef+z, l8a]Gr/ jf ;'/If0fsf] Aofh cflb p7fO{ lbg] / ;f] sf] nfef+z, d'gfkmf jf Aofh g]kfn /fHoleq jf ljb]zdf ;d]t k7fpg], g]kfn ;/sf/ jf /fi6 a}+sn] hf/L u/]sf] C0fkq vl/b laqmL ug]{ jf ;sf/ ug]{, ;]km l8kf]lh6 eN6sf] Joj:yf ug]{, /fi6 a}+sn] tf]lslbPsf] jf;nftaflx/sf] sf/f]af/ ug]{, zt{df

-y_

-b_

-w_ -g_ -k_

ljkGg ju{, Go"g cfo ePsf kl/jf/, b}jL k|sf]k kLl8t tyf d'n'ssf s'g} If]qsf afl;Gbfsf] cfly{s pTyfgsf] nflu JolQmut jf ;fd'lxs hdfgLdf /fi6 a}+sn] tf]s]adf]lhdsf] /sd;Dd shf{ lbg],

-km_ cfk"m tyf cGo Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfaf6 shf{ lng] C0fL jf u|fxssf] ljj/0f, ;"rgf jf hfgsf/L /fi6 a}+s jf s'g} cGo Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf aLr lng] lbg],

-a_

cGo s'g} Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfaf6 cfgf] u|fxsnfO{ shf{ pknAw u/fpg hdfgL a:g], /fi6 a}+sn] tf]lslbPsf] ;Ldfleq /xL z]o/ l8a]Gr/, a08, C0fkq, artkq, jf cGo ljQLo pks/0fsf] dfWodaf6 k"FhL kl/rfng ug]{, cfjZostfg';f/ /fi6 a}+saf6 k'gs{hf{ lng] jf cGo Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfaf6 shf{ lng]lbg], kl/of]hgf :yfkgf, ;+rfng / d"Nofg ;DaGwL cWoog, cg';Gwfg, ;j]{If0f ug]{ u/fpg] tyf tfnLd, k/fdz{ / cGo hfgsf/L pknAw u/fpg], kl/of]hgfsf] k|j4{gsf nflu g]kfn ;/sf/ jf cGo :jb]zL jf ljb]zL lgsfoaf6 k|fKt ePsf] /sd shf{sf] ?kdf k|jfx ug]{ jf shf{sf] Aoj:yfkg ug]{, s'g} JolQm jf ;+:yfnfO{ shf{ lb+bf jf lgh;+u s'g} sf/f]af/ ubf{ cfgf] lxtsf] ;+/If0fsf nflu cfjZostf cg';f/ zt{ u/fpg], cfgf] rn crn hfoh]yf lwtf] /fvL shf{ lng], ;ldltn] agfPsf] ljlgodsf] cwLgdf /xL shf{ ckn]vg ug]{, cfgf] hfoh]yfsf] plrt k|aGw jf laqmL ug]{, /fi6 a}+sn] tf]s]sf cGo sfd ug]{ .

-e_

-d_

-o_

-/_

-n_

-j_ -z_ -if_ -;_

-@_ of] P]g tyf k|aGwkq / lgodfjnLsf] cwLgdf /xL v ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] b]xfo adf]lhdsf] ljQLo sf/f]af/ ug{ ;Sg]5 M -s_ /fi6 a}+sn] tf]s]sf] l;df leq /xL Aofh jf ljgf Aofhdf lgIf]k :jLsf/ ug]{ tyf To:tf] lgIf]ksf] e'QmfgL lbg], xfOkf]lys]zg shf{ afx]s adf]lhd cGo shf{ lbg], tf]lsP

-v_ -u_

k|rlnt sfg"g tyf /fi6 a}+sn] lbPsf] lgb]{zgsf] cwLgdf /xL ljb]zL ljlgdo sf/f]af/ ug]{, xfo/ kr]{h, lnlh, xfpl;, tyf ;]jf Joj;fosf] nflu shf{ lbg], /fi6 a}+sn] lbPsf] lgb]{zgsf] cwLgdf /xL dr]{06 a}+ls sf/f]af/ ug]{, cGo Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?;+u ldnL ;xljQLos/0fsf] cfwf/df lwtf] ljefhg -kf/L kf;'_ ug]{ u/L cfk;df ePsf] ;Demf}tf cg';f/ ;+o'Qm ?kdf shf{ lbg], lbnfpg] Joj:yf ug]{, :jb]zL a}+s jf ljQLo hdfgtdf shf{ lbg], ;+:yfsf]

-3_ -_

-r_

-5_ -h_

cfgf] u|fxssf] tk{maf6 hdfgtkq hf/L ug]{ / ;f] jfkt u|fxs;+u cfjZos zt{ u/fpg], ;'/If0f lng], lghsf] rn crn ;DklQ lwtf]aGws lng] jf t];|f] JolQmsf] h]yf hdfgt lng],

-em_ ljlgdokq, k|lt1fkq, r]s, ofq'r]s,

8f6 jf x'08L hf/L ug]{, :jLsf/ ug]{, e'QmfgL lbg], l8:sfp06 ug]{ jf vl/b laqmL ug]{, -`_ c6f]d]6]8 6]n/ d]lzg / Sof; l8:k]lG; d]lzgsf] dfWodaf6 lgIf]k lng], e'QmfgL lbg] / shf{ lbg], cfk"mn] kTofPsf] clwljsif{ shf{ lbg], JolQmnfO{

-6_ -7_ -8_

cfgf] rn crn hfoh]yf lwtf] /fvL shf{ lng], cfk"msxfF klxn] g} lwtf] /lx;s]sf] rn crn ;DklQsf] d"Non] vfd];Ddsf] /sd k'gM Ps}k6s jf k6sk6s u/L shf{ lbg] jf cGo Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf lwtf] /lx;s]sf] rn crn ;DklQsf] k'gM lwtf]df To;sf] d"Non] vfd];Ddsf] /sd k'gM Ps}k6s jf k6sk6s u/L shf{ lbg], /fi6 a}+sn] tf]s]sf] zt{sf] cwLgdf /xL k|tLtkq lgisfzg tyf :jLsf/ ug]{,

-9_

-0f_ g]kfn /fHoleq ljlgdokq, r]s jf cGo ljQLo pks/0fsf] dfWodf/f /sd k7fpg], z]o/ jf l8a]Gr/, a08 cflb vl/b laqmL ug]{, z]o/sf] nfef+z / k|lt1fkq, l8a]Gr/, a08 cflbsf] Aofh c;'npk/ ug]{, -t_ u|fxssf] lgldQ sldzg Ph]06 eO{ z]o/, l8a]Gr/ jf ;'/If0fsf] lhDdf lng], vl/b laqmL ul/lbg], z]o/, l8a]Gr/ jf ;'/If0fsf] nfef+z, Aofh, d'gfkmf

cflb p7fO lbg], -y_ g]kfn ;/sf/ jf /fi6 a}+sn] hf/L u/]sf] C0fkqsf] vl/b laqmL ug]{ jf ;sf/ ug]{, ;]km l8kf]lh6 eN6sf] Joj:yf ug]{, /fi6 a}+sn] tf]lslbPsf] jf;nftaflx/sf] sf/f]af/ ug]{, zt{df

-b_ -w_ -g_

ljkGg ju{, Go"g cfo ePsf kl/jf/, b}jL k|sf]k kLl8t tyf d'n'ssf s'g} If]qsf afl;Gbfsf] cfly{s pTyfgsf] nflu JolQmut jf ;fd'lxs hdfgLdf /fi6 a}+sn] tf]s]adf]lhdsf] /sd;Dd shf{ lbg], cfk"m tyf cGo s'g} Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfaf6 shf{ jf s'g} k|sf/sf] ;'ljwf lng] C0fL jf u|fxssf] ljj/0f ;"rgf jf hfgsf/L /fi6 a}+s jf s'g} cGo Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf aLr lng] lbg],

-k_

-km_ cGo s'g} Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfaf6 cfgf] u|fxsnfO{ shf{ pknAw u/fpg hdfgL a:g], -a_ /fi6 a}+sn] tf]lslbPsf] ;Ldfleq /xL z]o/, l8a]Gr/, a08, C0fkq, artkq, jf cGo ljQLo pks/0fsf] dfWodaf6 k"FhL kl/rfng ug]{, cfjZostfg';f/ /fi6 a}+saf6 k'gs{hf{ lng] jf cGo Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfaf6 shf{ lng]lbg], kl/of]hgfsf] k|j4{gsf nflu g]kfn ;/sf/ jf cGo :jb]zL jf ljb]zL

-e_

-d_

lgsfoaf6 k|fKt ePsf] /sd shf{sf] ?kdf k|jfx ug]{ jf shf{sf] Joj:yfkg ug]{, -o_ kl/of]hgf :yfkgf, ;+rfng / d"Nofg ;DaGwL cWoog, cg';Gwfg, ;e]{If0f ug]{ u/fpg] tyf tfnLd, k/fdz{ / cGo hfgsf/L pknAw u/fpg], ;ldltn] agfPsf] ljlgodsf] cwLgdf /xL shf{ ckn]vg ug]{, s'g} JolQm jf ;+:yfnfO{ shf{ lb+bf jf lgh;+u s'g} sf/f]af/ ubf{ cfgf] lxtsf] ;+/If0fsf nflu cfjZostf cg';f/ zt{ u/fpg], s'g} klg JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfnfO{ ;jf/L ;fwg, d]lzg cf}hf/, pks/0f, 3/fo;L l6sfp ;fdfg jf To:t} cGo rn ;DklQsf] nflu ls:tfaGbL jf xfo/kr]{h shf{ pknAw u/fpg], hUuf ljsf;, cfjf;Lo k|of]hgsf nflu hUuf vl/b tyf 3/ lgdf{0f h:tf kl/of]hgf ;+rfng ug]{ / To:tf 3/ hUufsf] laqmL ljt/0f tyf Joj:yfkg ug]{ u/fpg],

-/_ -n_

-j_

-z_

-if_ /fi6 a}+sn] tf]s]sf cGo sfd ug]{ . -#_ of] P]g, k|aGwkq / lgodfjnLsf] cwLgdf /xL u ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] b]xfo adf]lhdsf] ljQLo sf/f]af/ ug{ ;Sg]5 M -s_ /fi6 a}+sn] tf]s]sf] ;Ldfleq /xL Aofh jf ljgf Aofhdf lgIf]k :jLsf/

ug]{ tyf To:tf] lgIf]ksf] e'QmfgL lbg], -v_ -u_ xfOkf]lys]zg shf{ adf]lhd shf{ lbg], afx]s tf]lsP

xfo/ kr]{h, lnlh, xfpl;, ;DaGwL sf/f]af/ tyf ;]jf Joj;fosf] nflu shf{ lbg], dr]{06 a}+ls sf/f]af/ ug]{, ;ldltn] agfPsf] ljlgodsf] cwLgdf /xL shf{ ckn]vg ug]{, cGo Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf;+u ldnL ;xljQLos/0fsf] cfwf/df lwtf] ljefhg -kf/L kf;'_ ug]{ u/L cfk;df ePsf] ;Demf}tf cg';f/ ;+o'Qm ?kdf shf{ lbg], a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] hdfgtdf shf{ lbg], cfgf] rn crn hfoh]yf lwtf] /fvL shf{ lng],

-3_ -_ -r_

-5_ -h_

-em_ cfk"msxfF klxn] g} lwtf] /lx;s]sf] rn crn ;DklQsf] d"Non] vfd];Ddsf] /sd k'gM Ps}k6s jf k6sk6s u/L shf{ lbg] jf cGo Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf lwtf] /lx;s]sf] rn crn ;DklQsf] k'gM lwtf]df To;sf] d"Non] vfd];Ddsf] /sd k'gM Ps}k6s jf k6sk6s u/L shf{ lbg], -`_ cfgf] hfoh]yfsf] plrt k|aGw ug]{, laqmL ug]{ jf axfndf lbg],

-6_

ljlgdokq, k|lt1fkq, r]s, ofq'r]s, 8f6 jf cGo ljQLo pks/0f hf/L ug]{, :jLsf/ ug]{, e'QmfgL lbg], l8:sfp06 ug]{ jf vl/b laqmL ug]{, ef/tLo ?k}ofF vl/b tyf laqmL ug]{, ljkGg ju{, Go"g cfo ePsf kl/jf/, b}jL k|sf]k kLl8t tyf d'n'ssf s'g} If]qsf afl;Gbfsf] cfly{s pTyfgsf] nflu JolQmut jf ;fd"lxs hdfgLdf /fi6 a}+sn] tf]s]adf]lhdsf] /sd;Dd C0f lbg], cfk"m tyf cGo s'g} Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfaf6 shf{ jf s'g} k|sf/sf] ;'ljwf lng] C0fL jf u|fxssf] ljj/0f ;"rgf jf hfgsf/L /fi6 a}+s jf s'g} cGo Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf aLr lng]lbg] ,

-7_ -8_

-9_

-0f_ s'g} klg JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfnfO{ ;jf/L ;fwg, d]lzg cf}hf/, pks/0f, 3/fo;L l6sfp ;fdfg jf To:t} cGo rn ;DklQsf] nflu ls:tfaGbL jf xfo/kr]{h shf{ pknAw u/fpg], -t_ s'g} JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfnfO{ cfjf;Lo 3/ jf uf]bfd 3/ vl/b ug{ jf lgdf{0f ug{ jf To:tf] cfjf;Lo 3/ jf uf]bfd 3/ lgdf{0f ug{sf lgldQ hUuf vl/b ug{ shf{ pknAw u/fpg], s'g} JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfnfO{ ;jf/L ;fwg, d]lzg, cf}hf/ pks/0f, 3/fo;L l6sfp ;fdfg jf To:t} rn ;DklQ ef8fdf lng shf{ -lnlh

-y_

kmfOgfG;_ pknAw u/fpg] jf To:tf rn ;DklQ ef8fdf lbg], -b_ s'g} JolQm jf ;+:yfnfO{ shf{ lb+bf jf lgh;+u s'g} sf/f]af/ ubf{ cfgf] lxtsf] ;+/If0fsf nflu cfjZostf cg';f/ zt{ u/fpg], cfgf] u|fxssf] tk{maf6 hdfgtkq hf/L ug]{ / ;f] jfkt u|fxs;+u cfjZos zt{ u/fpg], ;'/If0f lng], lghsf] rn crn ;DklQ lwtf]aGws lng] jf t];|f] JolQmsf] h]yf hdfgt lng], u|fxssf] lgldQ sldzg Ph]06 eO{ z]o/, l8a]Gr/ jf ;'/If0fsf] lhDdf lng], vl/b laqmL ul/lbg], z]o/, l8a]Gr/ jf ;'/If0fsf] nfef+z, Aofh, d'gfkmf cflb p7fO lbg], hUuf ljsf;, cfjf;Lo k|of]hgsf nflu hUuf vl/b tyf 3/ lgdf{0f h:tf kl/of]hgf ;+rfng ug]{ / To:tf 3/ hUufsf] laqmL ljt/0f tyf Joj:yfkg ug]{ u/fpg],

-w_

-g_

-k_

-km_ /fi6 a}+sn] tf]s]sf cGo sfd ug]{ . -$_ /fi6 a}+sn] lbPsf] lgb]{zgsf] cwLgdf /xL 3 ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] b]xfo adf]lhdsf] sf/f]af/ ug{ ;Sg]5 M -s_ -v_ tf]lsP adf]lhd shf{ k|bfg ug]{, /fi6 a}+sn] tf]lslbPsf] cjlw;Dd lgoldt ?kdf art u/L tf]lslbPsf] art sfod /fv]sf ;d"x jf ;d"xsf ;b:onfO{ n3' Joj;fo ;+rfng ug{ s'g} rn crn

;DklQ ;'/If0f jf hdfgt lnO{ jf glnO{ n3'shf{ lbg], -u_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf jf :jb]zL jf ljb]zL ;+3 ;+:yf cflbaf6 C0f jf cg'bfg k|fKt ug]{ / To:tf] C0f jf cg'bfg n3'shf{ ljt/0fdf jf ;f] sfo{nfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg] sfddf k|of]u ug]{, t/ ljb]zL ;+3 ;+:yf cflbaf6 C0f jf cg'bfg lng' cl3 /fi6 a}+ssf] :jLs[lt lng' kg]{5 . -3_ n3'shf{ pknAw u/fpg' cl3 h'g sfo{sf] nflu shf{ dfu ePsf] xf] ;f] ;DaGwL sfo{sf] d"Nofg ug]{ / To:tf] sfo{sf] ;DefJotf 5, 5}g klxrfg ug]{, Go"g cfo ePsf JolQmsf] cfly{s l:yltdf ;'wf/ x'g] vfnsf n3' Joj;fo ug]{, n3' Joj;fosf ;DaGwdf uf]i7L ;+rfng ug]{, kl/of]hgf th'{df ug{ k|lzIf0f lbg], ;xof]u ug]{, k|fljlws 1fg lbnfpg] / cfjZostfg';f/ k|fljlws ;xof]u h'6fpg], n3'shf{ kl/rfng ;DaGwdf ;d"xnfO{ cfjZos ;]jf k|bfg ug]{, n3'shf{ ;dodf c;'npk/ ug]{tk{m cfjZos sf/afxL ug]{, n3'shf{sf] plrt k|of]u eP gePsf] ;DaGwdf cg'udg ug]{ / cg'udg

-r_

-5_ -h_ -_

ubf{ plrt k|of]u ePsf] gb]lvPdf cfjZos lgb]{zg lbg], -`_ /fi6 a}+sn] tf]lslbPsf] ;Ldfleq /xL Aofh jf ljgf Aofhdf lgIf]k :jLsf/ ug]{ tyf To:tf] lgIf]ksf] e'QmfgL lbg], cfgf] rn crn hfoh]yf lwtf] /fvL shf{ lng] tyf hfoh]yfsf] plrt k|aGw ug]{, ;ldltn] agfPsf] ljlgodsf] cwLgdf /xL shf{ ckn]vg ug{], cfk"m tyf cGo s'g} Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfaf6 shf{ jf s'g} k|sf/sf] ;'ljwf lng] C0fL jf u|fxssf] ljj/0f ;"rgf jf hfgsf/L /fi6 a}+s jf s'g} cGo Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf aLr lng]lbg], /fi6 a}+sn] tf]s]sf cGo sfd ug]{ .

-6_

-7_ -8_

-9_ $*=

Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ug{ gx'g] sfd M -!_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] b]xfosf sfd ug'{ u/fpg' x'Fb}gM -s_ Jofkf/ ug]{ p2]Zon] dfn;fdfg vl/b laqmL ug{ jf cfgf] k|of]hgsf] lgldQ cfjZos k/]df afx]s crn ;DklQ vl/b ug{, t/ v / u ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] bkmf $& sf] cwLgdf /xL cfgf] sfd sf/f]af/ ;+rfng ug]{ ;DaGwdf 3/ hUufsf] vl/b laqmL, ljt/0f tyf Joj:yfkg ug{

o; v08n] afwf k'ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g . -v_ -u_ cfgf] z]o/sf] ;'/If0fdf shf{ lbg, ;+:yfks, ;+rfns, r'Qmfk"FhLsf] Ps k|ltzt jf ;f]eGbf a9L z]o/ lnPsf JolQm, sfo{sf/L k|d'v jf To:tf JolQmsf] kl/jf/sf ;b:o jf ;+rfns dgf]lgt jf lgo'lQm ug]{ clwsf/ kfPsf kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfnfO{ shf{ jf ;'ljwf k|bfg ug{, ;+:yfks, ;+rfns, r'Qmfk"FhLsf] Ps k|ltzt jf ;f]eGbf a9L z]o/ lnPsf JolQm, sfo{sf/L k|d'v jf To:tf JolQmsf] kl/jf/sf ;b:o jf d}g]lh Ph]06 jf ;+rfns dgf]lgt ug]{ clwsf/ kfPsf] JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfsf] ljQLo :jfy{ ePsf] s'g} kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfnfO{ s'g} lsl;dsf] shf{ jf ;'ljwf k|bfg ug{, Pp6} u|fxs, sDkgL, Ps} ;d"xsf] sDkgL jf ;fem]bf/L kmd{nfO{ cfgf] k"FhLsf]ifsf] /fi6 a}+sn] tf]lslbPsf] k|ltzt eGbfa9L x'g] u/L shf{ jf ;'ljwf k|bfg ug{, :ki6Ls/0fM Ps} ;d"xsf] sDkgL jf ;fem]bf/L kmd{ eGgfn] /fi6 a}+sn] ;do ;dodf tf]lslbPadf]lhdsf sDkgLx? jf ;fem]bf/L kmd{x?sf] ;d"x ;Demg' k5{ . -r_ ;+:yfks, ;+rfns jf sfo{sf/L k|d'v hdfgt a;L s'g} JolQm, kmd{,

-3_

sDkgL jf ;+:yfnfO{ s'g} lsl;dsf] shf{ lbg, -5_ /fi6 a}+saf6 s,v / u ju{sf] ljQLo sf/f]af/ ug{ :jLs[lt kfPsf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] lwtf]kqdf nufgL ug{, /fi6 a}+sn] tf]lslbPsf] ;Ldf eGbf a9L /sd cGo ;+:yfsf] z]o/ k"FhLdf nufgL ug{,

-h_

-em_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? cfk;df ldnL ljQLo sf/f]af/df s'g} lsl;dsf] Psflwsf/ jf cGo s'g} lsl;dsf] lgolGqt cEof; sfod ug{, -`_ cfk"mn] gfhfoh nfe lng] lgotn] ljQLoIf]qsf] k|lt:kwf{Tds jftfj/0fdf s[lqd ca/f]w v8f x'g] s'g} klg lsl;dsf] sfo{ ug{,

Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ug{ gx'g] egL /fi6 a}+sn] tf]s]sf cGo sfo{ ug{ . -@_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -u_ / -3_ jf o; P]gdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg g]kfn ;/sf/ jf /fi6 a}+sn] hf/L u/]sf] C0fkq jf d'2tL /l;bsf] lwtf]df shf{ lbg / ;+:yfks, ;+rfns, sfo{sf/L k|d'v jf Ps k|ltzt eGbf a9L z]o/ lnPsf z]o/wgL To:tf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] s'g} klg kbdf axfn /x]sf] eP To:tf] sfo{sf/L k|d'v jf z]o/wgLnfO{ sd{rf/L ;'ljwf cGtu{tsf] shf{ ;'ljwf jf ;fk6L k|bfg ug{ afwf k'ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g . -#_ u}/sfg"gL ?kaf6 /sd cfh{g u/L lgIf]k vftfdf hDdf ug]{ s'g} klg JolQmnfO{ sfg"gL

-6_

sf/afxLaf6 arfpgsf nflu Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] To:tf] ;DklQ n'sfpg, kl/jt{g ug{, e'QmfgL jf /sdfGt/ ug{ jf ;f]sf] pTklQ jf ;|f]t ;DaGwL hfgsf/L n'sfpg] jf 9fF6\g] jf ;f]sf] nflu s'g} lsl;dsf] ;xof]u ug'{ x'Fb}g . o:tf] sfo{ u/]sf] hfgsf/L k|fKt x'g cfPdf jf To:tf] sfo{ eP u/]sf] z+sf nfu]df Ohfht k|fKt ;+:yfn] ;f]sf] ljj/0f /fi6 a}+s jf d'b|f ckrng lgoGq0f ug]{ ;DalGwt cGo lgsfonfO{ t'?Gt pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 .

kl/R5]b&
lgodg, lg/LIf0f tyf ;'kl/j]If0f $(= lgodg ug]{ /fi6 a}+ssf] clwsf/M -!_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] sfd sf/afxL lgodg tyf Jojl:yt ug]{ k"0f{ clwsf/ /fi6 a}+sdf lglxt x'g]5 . -@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lgodg ug]{ ;DaGwdf /fi6 a}+sn] cfjZos b]v]sf ljifodf lgod agfpg / cfjZos cfb]z, lgb]{zg, ;"rgf tyf kl/kq hf/L ug{ ;Sg]5 / To:tf] lgod, cfb]z, lgb]{zg, ;"rgf tyf kl/kqsf] kfngf ug'{ ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] st{Jo x'g]5 .

%)= a}+ls jf ljQLo Joj:yf / shf{ lgoGq0fM a}+ls jf ljQLo Joj:yf, d'b|f tyf shf{sf ;DaGwdf /fi6 a}+sn] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfnfO{ ;do ;dodf lgb]{zg lbg ;Sg]5 . To:tf] lgb]{zgsf] kfngf ug'{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] sQ{Jo x'g]5 . %!= Aofhb/ ;DaGwdf /fi6 a}+sn] lgb]{zg lbg ;Sg] M -!_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] shf{df lng] / lgIf]kdf lbg] Aofhb/ /fi6 a}+sn] tf]lslbP adf]lhd x'g]5 .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg ljQLo sf/f]af/nfO{ k|lt:kwf{Tds 9+uaf6 ;+rfng ug{ u/fpg cfjZos b]v]df To:tf] Aofhb/ lgwf{/0f ug]{ clwsf/ /fi6 a}+sn] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfnfO{ k|Tofof]hg ug{ ;Sg]5 . %@= /fi6 a}+sn] lg/LIf0f tyf ;'kl/j]If0f ug{ ;Sg] M -!_ /fi6 a}+sn] h'g;'s} avt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] h'g;'s} sfof{nosf] lg/LIf0f tyf ;'kl/j]If0f ug{, u/fpg ;Sg]5 . /fi6 a}+sn] ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf cfgf] s'g} clwsf/L jf cfk"mn] tf]s]sf] ljz]if1 v6fO{ :ynut cg ;fO6_ ?kdf jf lj:t[t ljj/0f tyf ;"rgfx? cfk"m ;dIf lemsfO{ -ckm;fO6_ o:tf] lg/LIf0f tyf ;'k/Lj]If0f ug{ ;Sg]5 . -@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lg/LIf0f tyf ;'kl/j]If0f ug]{ clwsf/L jf ljz]if1 jf /fi6 a}+sn] dfu]sf nut, tYof, ljj/0f, ;"rgf, ljB'tLo dfWodaf6 l;h{gf ul/Psf sfo{qmd, ljj/0f / ljQLo lgoGq0f k|0ffnL jf cfjZos cGo s'g} sfuhft To:tf] clwsf/L, ljz]if1 jf /fi6 a}+sn] tf]s]sf] ;doleq To:tf] clwsf/L, ljz]if1 jf /fi6 a}+snfO{ pknAw u/fpg], x]g{ jf hfFRg lbg] st{Jo ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf jf To:tf] O{hfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;DalGwt kbflwsf/Lsf] x'g]5 . -#_ o; bkmf adf]lhd lg/LIf0f tyf ;'kl/j]If0f ug]{ clwsf/L jf /fi6 a}+sn] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] s'g} kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/LnfO{ lg/LIf0f tyf ;'kl/j]If0f ubf{ cfjZos b]v]sf sfd sf/afxLsf ;DaGwdf lnlvt ?kdf aofg u/fpg ;Sg]5 . -$_ o; bkmf adf]lhd lg/LIf0f tyf ;'k/Lj]If0f ug]{ clwsf/Ln] To:tf] lg/LIf0f tyf

;'k/Lj]If0fsf] l;nl;nfdf cfjZos 7fg]df Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] 9's'6L, ;'/If0fdf lnOPsf] uf]bfd, lx;fa lstfa, vftf axL, >]:tf, n]vf tyf cGo sfuhftdf cfgf] l;n5fk nufO{ ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] lhDdfdf /fVg nufpg ;Sg]5 . -%_ lg/LIf0f tyf ;'kl/j]If0f ubf{ cfjZos b]lvPsf s'g} s'/fsf] ;DaGwdf /fi6 a}+s jf lg/LIf0f tyf ;'kl/j]If0f ug]{ clwsf/Ln] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfnfO{ cfjZos lgb]{zg lbg ;Sg]5 . o;/L /fi6 a}+s jf lg/LIf0f jf ;'kl/j]If0f ug]{ clwsf/Ln] lbPsf] lgb]{zgsf] kfngf ug'{ ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] st{Jo x'g]5 . lg/LIf0f tyf ;'kl/j]If0f ug]{ clwsf/Ln] o;/L lbPsf] lgb]{zgsf] hfgsf/L oyfzL3| /fi6 a}+snfO{ lbg' kg]{5 . %#= ljb]zL a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] ug]{ lg/LIf0f M -!_ o; P]g adf]lhd /fi6 a}ssf] :jLs[lt lnP/ /fi6 a}+sn] tf]s]sf zt{sf] cwLgdf /xL ljb]zL a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] g]kfn /fHodf :yfkgf u/]sf cfgf sfof{nosf] lg/LIf0f ug{ ;Sg]5 . -@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ljb]zL a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] u/]sf] lg/LIf0f k|ltj]bgsf] Ps k|lt /fi6 a}+s ;dIf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf pk/ lgoGq0f M -!_ o; P]gdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg s'g} Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* jf of] P]g jf ;f] cGtu{t ag]sf] lgod jf ljlgod jf ;f] cGtu{t hf/L ePsf] cfb]z jf lgb]{zgsf] pNn+3g u/]sf] jf /fi6 a}+ssf] lg/LIf0f tyf ;'kl/j]If0f k|ltj]bgaf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] lgjf{x

%$=

ug'{ kg]{ bfloTj k"/f ug{ g;s]sf] jf g;Sg] ;Defjgf ePsf] jf a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yf ;'rf? ?kn] ;+rfng gePsf] jf z]o/wgL jf lgIf]kstf{sf] clxt x'g] sfo{ u/]sf] s'/fdf /fi6 a}+s ljZj:t ePdf /fi6 a}+sn] To:tf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;+rfns ;ldlt lgnDag u/L To:tf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfnfO{ cfgf] lgoGq0fdf lng ;Sg]5 . -@_ /fi6 a}+sn] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd s'g} Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfnfO{ lgoGq0fdf lnPkl5 To:tf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] Joj:yfkg cfk}m jf s'g} pko'Qm JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yf lgo'Qm u/L ;f] dfkm{t ug{ u/fpg ;Sg]5 . -#_ /fi6 a}+sn] pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd cfk}m jf cGo s'g} JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yf dfkm{t Joj:yfkg u/] u/fPsf] Ps jif{leq ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ljQLo tyf Joj:yfkg k/LIf0f u/L jf u/fO{ ;f]sf] k|ltj]bg ;fj{hlgs ?kdf k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 . -$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhdsf] k|ltj]bgaf6 ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf cfk"mn] k"/f ug'{kg]{ bfloTj k"/f ug{ c;dy{ ePsf] jf ;'rf? ?kn] ;+rfng x'g g;Sg] cj:yfdf k'u]sf] s'/fdf /fi6 a}+s ljZj:t ePdf /fi6 a}+sn] To:tf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] btf{ vf/]hL ug{ k'g/fj]bg cbfntdf lgj]bg lbg ;Sg]5 . -%_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhdsf] k|ltj]bgaf6 ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf cfk"mn] k"/f ug'{kg]{ bfloTj k"/f ug{ ;dy{ ePsf] jf ;'rf??kn] ;+rfng x'g] cj:yfdf k'u]sf] s'/fdf /fi6 a}+s ljZj:t ePdf /fi6 a}+sn] b]xfosf] sf/afxL ug{ ;Sg]5 M -s_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;+rfns ;ldltnfO{ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd u/]sf]

lgnDag k'ms'jf u/L k'gM ;f]xL ;+rfns ;ldltnfO{ ;f] ;+:yfsf] Joj:yfkg lhDdf nufpg], jf -v_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] lgnlDat ;+rfns ;ldltnfO{ avf{:t u/L Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] z]o/wgL dWo]af6 gofF ;+rfns ;ldltsf] u7g u/L ;f] ;+:yfsf] Joj:yfkg lhDdf nufpg], jf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;fwf/0f ;ef af]nfO{ ;f] ;efaf6 gofF ;+rfns ;ldltsf] u7g u/L ;f] ;+:yfsf] Joj:yfkg lhDdf nufpg], jf

-u_

/fi6 a}+sn] pko'Qm b]v]sf] cGo s'g} sf/afxL rnfpg] . -^_ /fi6 a}+sn] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfnfO{ cfgf] lgoGq0fdf lng' cl3 ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfnfO{ cj:yf x]/L kGw| lbg;Ddsf] Dofb lbO{ cfgf] ;kmfO{ k]z ug]{ df}sf lbg' kg]{5 . -&_ /fi6 a}+sn] o; bkmf adf]lhd Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfnfO{ cfgf] lgoGq0fdf lnO{ u/]sf] sfd sf/afxLsf] ;Dk"0f{ vr{ ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] Joxf]g'{ kg]{5 . -*_ /fi6 a}+sn] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd s'g} Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfnfO{ cfgf] lgoGq0fdf lnPsf] hfgsf/L g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ lbg]5 . %%= ljj/0f k]z ug'{ kg]{ M Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] /fi6 a}+sn] tf]s]adf]lhd b]xfosf] ljj/0f /fi6 a}+s ;dIf lgoldt ?kdf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 M -s_ jf;nftleq / jf;nft aflx/sf] sf/f]af/ tyf

-3_

;f];+u ;DalGwt n]vf / cfDbfgL vr{sf] ljj/0f, -v_ jf;nftleq / jf;nft aflx/sf ;a} k|sf/sf] sf/f]af/sf ;DaGwdf nufO{Psf] zt{ jf k|ltaGw ;DaGwL ljj/0f, ljb]zL d'b|fsf] l:ylt, ljlgdob/ -:k6_, clu|d ljlgdo b/ jf o:t} k|sf/sf cGo pks/0f / ljB'tLo jf e'QmfgL k|0ffnLsf cGo k|s[of ;DaGwL ljj/0f, /fi6 a}+sn] tf]s]sf] cGo ljj/0f tyf sfuhft .

-u_

-3_

kl/R5]b*
shf{ k|jfx / c;'nL ;DaGwL Joj:yf %^= shf{ k|jfx ug{' kg]{ M -!_ /fi6 a}+sn] lbPsf] lgb]{zg tyf ;ldltn] lgwf{/0f u/]sf] shf{ gLltsf] cwLgdf /xL Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] /fi6 a}+sn] tf]lslbP adf]lhd shf{ k|jfx ug'{ kg]{5 . -@_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] shf{ lb+bf cfk"mnfO{ dfGo x'g] rn crn ;DklQ ;'/If0f lnO{ jf cfgf] lxtsf] ;'/Iff x'g] u/L plrt hdfgtdf shf{ k|bfg ug'{ kg]{5 . -#_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] o; bkmf adf]lhd shf{sf] ;'/If0f jfkt lnPsf] ;DklQ s'g} klg Joxf]/faf6 s;}sf gfpFdf /lhi6]zg jf bflvn vf/]h ug{ /f]Ssf ul/lbgsf] nflu ;DalGwt sfof{nodf n]vL k7fpg' kg]{5 . -$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd /lhi6]zg jf bflvn vf/]h /f]Ssf ul/lbgsf] nflu Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfaf6 n]vL cfPdf ;DalGwt sfof{non]

/lhi6]zg jf bflvn vf/]h /f]Ssf u/L lbg' kg]{5 . -%_ Go"g cfo ePsf tyf ljkGg ju{sf JolQm / s'g} vf; ef}uf]lns If]qdf j;f]jf; ug]{ jfl;Gbfsf] cfly{s pTyfgsf nflu k|fyldstf lbO{Psf ju{ tyf If]qdf shf{ k|jfxug{ /fi6 a}+sn] O{hfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yfnfO{ cfjZos lgb]{zg lbg ;Sg]5\ . %&= shf{ c;'nL ;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ s'g} JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfn] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf;+u ePsf] shf{sf] ;Demf}tf jf zt{ sa'lnotsf] kfngf gu/]df jf lnvtsf] efvfleq Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] shf{ r'Qmf gu/]df jf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] hfFra'em ubf{ shf{ lnPsf] shf{ /sd h'g k|of]hgsf] nflu lnPsf] xf] ;f] k|of]hgdf gnufPsf] jf lxgfldgf jf b'?kof]u ePsf] b]lvPdf ;DalGwt lnvt jf k|rlnt sfg"gdf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg C0fLn] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfnfO{ n]lvlbPsf] jf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf /fv]sf] lwtf] ;'/If0fnfO{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] lnnfd laqmL u/L jf cGo s'g} Joj:yf u/L cfgf] ;fFjf Aofh c;'npk/ ug{ ;Sg]5 . -@_ shf{ lng], JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfn] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf /fv]sf] lwtf] ;'/If0fsf] hfoh]yfdf s'g} lsl;dn] xs 5f]8L lbPdf jf cGo s'g} sf/0faf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf /fv]sf] lwtf] ;'/If0fsf] df]n 36\g uPdf k|rlnt sfg"gdf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] tf]s]sf] Dofbleq To:tf] JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfaf6 ;f] jfkt yk lwtf] ;'/If0f /fVg nufpg ;Sg]5 . shf{ lng] JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfn] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] tf]s]sf] Dofbleq

yk lwtf] ;'/If0f g/fv]df jf /fv]sf] lwtf] ;'/If0faf6 ;fFjf Aofh c;'npk/ x'g g;s]df lghsf] :jfldTjdf /x]sf] jf lghsf] xs nfUg] cGo rn crn ;DklQaf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd cfgf] ;fFjf Aofh c;'npk/ ug{ ;Sg]5 . -#_ o; bkmf adf]lhd lnnfd laqmL jf cGo Joj:yf u/L c;'npk/ ePsf] /sdnfO{ ;DklQ lnnfd laqmL jf cGo Joj:yf ubf{ ePsf] vr{sf] /sd / Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;fFjf Aofhsf] /sd sf u/L afFsL /xg cfPdf To:tf] afFsL /sd ;DalGwt JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfnfO{ lkmtf{ lbOg]5 . -$_ o; bkmf adf]lhd Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] lnnfd laqmL ubf{ lnnfd ;sfg]{ JolQmsf] gfddf ;f] hfoh]yf k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd /lhi6]zg jf bflvn vf/]h ul/lbgsf] nflu Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ;DalGwt sfof{nodf n]vL k7fpg' kg]{5 . -%_ pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhd /lhi6]zg jf bflvn vf/]hsf] nflu Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfaf6 n]vL cfPdf k|rlnt sfg"gdf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg ;DalGwt sfof{non] /lhi6]zg jf bflvn vf/]h ul/lbg' kg]{5 . -^_ o; bkmf adf]lhd Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] lwtf] ;'/If0fdf /x]sf] rn crn ;DklQ lnnfd laqmL ubf{ s;}n] g;sf/]df To:tf] ;DklQ To:tf] ;+:yfn] tf]lsP adf]lhd cfgf] :jfldTjdf lng]5 . -&_ pkbkmf -^_ adf]lhd Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] cfgf] :jfldTjdf lnPsf] ;DklQ cfgf] gfpFdf /lhi6]zg jf bflvn vf/]h ul/lbgsf] nflu ;DalGwt sfof{nodf n]vL k7fpg' kg]{5 . o;/L n]vLcfPdf k|rlnt sfg"gdf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg ;DalGwt sfof{non] To:tf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] gfddf To:tf] ;DklQ

/lhi6]zg jf bflvn vf/]h ul/lbg' kg]{5 . -*_ s'g} JolQm jf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] lwtf] lnnfddf ;sf/]sf] ;DklQ ;fljs wgLn] ef]urng ug{ lbg OGsf/ u/]df k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd ef]u rng ug{ kfpg] u/fpg ;sf/ ug]{n] cg'/f]w u/]df g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;DalGwt lgsfon] cfjZos ;xof]u ug'{ kg]{5 . -(_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] bkmf $& sf] pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 z_, pkbkmf -@_ sf] v08 -/_, pkbkmf -#_ sf] v08 -_ / pkbkmf -$_ sf] v08 -7_ adf]lhd ckn]vg u/]sf] shf{sf] c;'nL sf/jfxL /f]Sg kfpg]5}g . -!)_ s'g} JolQm , kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfn] O{hfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yf;+u lnPsf] shf{ ;f] shf{sf] lnvtsf] efsf leq r'Qmf gu/L o; bkmf adf]lhd sf/jfxL rnfpbf ;DaGwLt O{hfhtkq ;+:yfn] k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd To:tf] JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfnfO{ sfnf];"lrdf /fVg shf{ ;"rgf s]Gb| lnld6]8df n]lv k7fpg' kg]{5 . -!!_ s'g} JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yf;+u o; bkmf adf]lhd shf{ c;'nLsf] sf/jfxL rnfpbf ;d]t To:tf] shf{ c;'n pk/ x'g g;s]df O{hfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yfn] C0fL JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfsf] ljb]z l:yt cGo s'g} ;DklQaf6 ;d]t To:tf] shf{ c;'n pk/ ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd ;DklQ /f]Ssf /fVg] nufPtsf shf{ c;'n pk/ ;DaGwL sf/jfxL rnfpg ;Sg]5 . -!@_ pkbkmf -!_ b]lv -*_ adf]lhd C0f c;'nLsf ;j} sf/jfxL rnfpbf ;d]t C0f c;'nL x'g g;s]df ;DaGwLt O{hfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yfn] C0fL JolQmsf] /fxbfgL /f]Ssf tyf hkmt ug{ / /fHon] k|bfg ug]{ s'g} ;'ljwfaf6 ;DaGwLt C0fLnfO{

jl~rt u/fpg] cfjZos Joj:yfsf nflu /fi6 a}+s ;dIf cg'/f]w ug{ ;Sg]5 . o:tf] cg'/f]w k|fKt ePkl5 /fi6 a}+sn] cfkm\gf] /fo;lxt cfjZos sf/jfxLsf] nflu g]kfn ;/sf/ ;dIf k7fpg]5 .

kl/R5]b(

n]vf, clen]v, ljj/0f tyf k|ltj]bg ;DaGwL Joj:yf %*= lx;fa lstfa b'?:t /fVg' kg]{ M -!_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] cfgf] lx;fa lstfa, vftf, axL, >]:tf / n]vfsf] clen]v oyfy{ / b'?:t /fVg' kg]{5 . -@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd /flvg] n]vf bf]xf]/f] n]vf k|0ffnLdf cfwfl/t ;j{dfGo l;4fGt cg'?k Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] sf/f]af/sf] oyfy{ l:ylt :ki6 ?kdf k|ltljlDat x'g] u/L /flvPsf] x'g' kg]{5 . -#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd /flvg] n]vf /fi6 a}+sn] cGoyf :jLs[lt lbPsf]df afx]s cfgf] /lhi68{ sfof{nodf /fVg' kg]{5 .

%(= jf;nft, gfkmfgf]S;fg lx;fa / n]vfk/LIf0fM !_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] cfgf] jf;nft / gfkmf gf]S;fg lx;fa tyf gub k|jfx ljj/0f nufotsf cGo ljQLo ljj/0f /fi6 a}+sn] tf]lslbPsf] 9fFrf / t/Lsf cg';f/ /fVg' kg]{5 . -@_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] cfly{s jif{

;dfKt ePsf] kfFr dlxgfleq jf;nft, gfkmfgf]S;fg lx;fa / gub k|jfx ljj/0f nufotsf cGo ljQLo ljj/0f /fi6 a}+sn] tf]lslbPsf] 9fFrf / tl/sf cg';f/ tof/ u/L n]vfk/LIf0f u/fpg' kg]{5 . o:tf] ljQLo ljj/0fdf sDtLdf b'O{hgf ;+rfns, sfo{sf/L k|d'v / n]vfk/LIfssf] ;xL ePsf] x'g' kg]{5 . -#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhdsf] cjlw leq n]vfk/LIf0f u/fpg g;Sg] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] dgfl;a sf/0f vf]nL n]vfk/LIf0f u/fpg] Dofb yksf] nflu cg'/f]w u/]df /fi6 a}+sn] a9Ldf tLg dlxgfsf] cjlw yk ul/lbg ;Sg]5 . -$_ pkbkmf -#_ sf] cjlwleq klg n]vfk/LIf0f u/fpg g;Sg] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] n]vfk/LIf0f ug{ /fi6 a}+sn] n]vfk/LIfssf] lgo'lQm ul/lbg ;Sg]5 . -%_ pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhd lgo'Qm ePsf] n]vfk/LIfsn] cfk"mn] u/]sf] n]vfk/LIf0fsf] k|ltj]bg ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf / /fi6 a}+sdf lbg' kg]{5 . -^_ pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhd lgo'Qm ePsf] n]vfk/LIfsn] /fi6 a}+sn] tf]s]adf]lhd kfl/>lds kfpg]5 . o;/L lgo'Qm x'g] n]vfk/LIfsnfO{ /fi6 a}+sn] tf]lslbPadf]lhdsf] kfl/>lds e'QmfgL lbg' ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] st{Jo x'g]5 . ^)= n]vfk/LIfssf] lgo'lQm M -!_ n]vfk/LIfssf] lgo'lQm a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;fwf/0f ;efaf6 x'g]5. -@_ ;fwf/0f ;efn] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd n]vfk/LIfs lgo'lQm ubf{ /fi6 a}+sn] :jLs[t u/]sf] n]vfk/LIfssf] ;"rLdf ;dfj]z /x]sf n]vfk/LIfs dWo]af6 ug'{ kg]{]{5 .

t/ ;fwf/0f ;efn] Pp6} n]vfk/LIfsnfO{ nuftf/ tLg k6s eGbf a9L cjlwsf] nflu lgo'Qm ug{ ;Sg] 5}g . -#_ /fi6 a}+sn] :jLs[t u/]sf] n]vfk/LIfssf] ;"rLdf ;dfj]z /x]sf n]vfk/LIfs dWo]af6 ;fwf/0f ;efn] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd n]vfk/LIfs lgo'lQm ubf{ s, v / u ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] xsdf rf6{8{ PsfpG6]06 / 3 ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] xsdf rf6{8{ PsfpG6]06 jf btf{jfnf n]vfk/LIfsnfO{ lgo'Qm ug'{ kg]{]{5 . -$_ cfgf] st{Jo kfngf gug]{ n]vfk/LIfsnfO{ /fi6 a}+sn] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] n]vfk/LIf0f ug]{] n]vfk/LIfssf] ;"rLaf6 h'g;'s} avt x6fpg]5 . ^!= n]vfk/LIfsdf lgo'Qm x'g g;Sg] M b]xfosf] JolQm jf To:tf JolQm ;+:yfks jf lx:;]bf/ ePsf] sDkgL jf kmd{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] n]vfk/LIfsdf lgo'Qm x'g / lgo'Qm eO;s]sf] eP klg axfn /xg ;Sg] 5}g M -s_ -v_ -u_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;+rfns jf lghsf] kl/jf/sf ;b:o, Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] sd{rf/L, Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;+rfns jf sd{rf/L;+u ;fe]mbf/ eO{ sfd u/]sf] JolQm, Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] cf;fdL, n]vfk/LIf0f ;DaGwL ck/fwdf ;hfo kfO{ kfFr jif{sf] cjlw Joltt eO g;s]sf] JolQm,

-3_ -_

-r_ -5_

;fx"sf] bfdf;fxLdf k/]sf] JolQm, Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] Ps k|ltzt jf ;f]eGbf a9L z]o/ lnPsf] JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yf, g}lts ktg x'g] kmf}Hbf/L ck/fwdf cbfntaf6 ;hfo kfO{ kfFr jif{sf] cjlw Joltt eO{ g;s]sf] JolQm,

-h_

-em_ e|i6frf/ jf 7uLsf] s;"/df cbfntaf6 ;hfo kfPsf] JolQm, -`_ /fi6 a}+sn] :jLs[t u/]sf] n]vfk/LIfssf] ;"rLdf ;fdfj]z gePsf] JolQm .

^@= ljj/0f lbg'kg]{ M n]vfk/LIf0f ug]{ qmddf n]vfk/LIfsn] dfu]sf] lx;fa lstfa, vftf axL, >]:tf / n]vf nufotsf cGo ljj/0f Ohfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yfn] h'g;'s} avt klg lbg' kg]{5 . ;fy} n]vfk/LIfsn] dfu]sf s'/fsf] oyfy{ hjfkm ;d]t To:tf] ljj/0f lbg] lhDd]jf/L ePsf kbflwsf/Ln] t'?Gt} lbg' kg]{5 . ^#= n]vfk/LIfssf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ M -!_ bkmf ^) adf]lhd lgo'Qm n]vfk/LIfssf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5 . -@_ k|rlnt sfg"gn] tf]s]sf] s'/fsf] cltl/Qm n]vfk/LIfsn] cfgf] k|ltj]bgdf b]xfosf s'/fx? :ki6 pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 M -s_ -v_ dfu u/]sf s'/fsf] hjfkm k|fKt eP gePsf], jf;nft, gfkmfgf]S;fg lx;fa / gub k|jfx ljj/0f nufotsf ljQLo ljj/0f /fi6 a}+sn] tf]s]sf] 9fFrf / tl/sf cg';f/

tof/ eP gePsf] / pQm ljj/0f ;+:yfn] /fv]sf] lx;fa lstfa, axL vftf, >]:tf / n]vf;+u b'?:t /x] g/x]sf] , -u_ k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd lx;fa lstfa, vftf axL, >]:tf / n]vf 7Ls;+u /fv] g/fv]sf], Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] s'g} kbflwsf/Ln] k|rlnt sfg"g ljkl/t s'g} sfdsfh jf clgoldt sfo{ u/] gu/]sf] jf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] xfgL gf]S;fgL u/] u/fPsf], Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] sf/f]af/ ;Gtf]ifk|b ?kaf6 ;+rfng eP gePsf], k"FhLsf]if tyf hf]lvdJoxf]g]{ sf]if kof{Kt dfqfdf eP gePsf], tf]lsP adf]lhd shf{ ckn]vg u/] gu/]sf], /fi6 a}+sn] lbPsf] lgb]{zg cg'?k sfo{ u/] gu/]sf],

-3_

-_ -r_ -5_ -h_

-em_ lgIf]kstf{ / nufgLstf{sf] lxt ;+/If0f x'g] sfo{ u/] gu/]sf], -`_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt;+:yfsf sfof{nox?af6 k|fKt ljj/0f n]vfk/LIf0fsf] nflu kof{Kt eP gePsf], -6_ -7_ z]o/wgLnfO{ yfxf lbg'kg]{ lghsf] larf/df nfu]sf cGo s'/fx?, n]vfk/LIfsn] n]vfk/LIf0f k|ltj]bgdf v'nfpg' kg]{ egL /fi6 a}+sn] tf]lslbPsf] cGo ljj/0f, /

-8_

cfjZos ;'emfj .

^$= k|ltj]bg k7fpg' kg]{ M -!_ n]vfk/LIfsn] cfk"mn] u/]sf] n]vfk/LIf0f k|ltj]bg ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf / /fi6 a}+sdf k7fpg' kg]{5 . -@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd n]vfk/LIfsn] /fi6 a}+sdf k|ltj]bg lb+bf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] n]vfk/LIf0f;+u ;DalGwt cGo k|ltj]bg nufot /fi6 a}+sn] tf]lslbPsf] sfuhft ;d]t ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 . ^%= n]vfk/LIfssf] :yfg l/Qm ePdf M bkmf ^) adf]lhd lgo'Qm ePsf] n]vfk/LIfssf] :yfg lghsf] d[To' eO{ jf lghn] /flhgfdf lbO{ jf cGo s'g} sf/0fn] l/Qm x'g cfPdf ;fljsjfnfsf] afFsL cjlw;DdnfO{ ;f] l/Qm :yfgdf ;f]xL bkmfsf] k|s[of k"/f u/L ;ldltn] csf]{ n]vfk/LIfs lgo'Qm ug{ ;Sg]5 . o;/L ul/Psf] n]vfk/LIfssf] lgo'lQmnfO{ To:tf] lgo'lQm kl5 nuQ} x'g] aflif{s ;fwf/0f ;efaf6 ;dy{g u/fpg' kg]{5 . ^^= n]vfk/LIfsn] lg:;f nufpg' kg]{ M n]vfk/LIfsn] cfk"mn] k/LIf0f u/]sf] lx;fa lstfa, vftf axL, >]:tf / n]vfdf cfk"mn] hfFr]sf] ldlt ;d]t pNn]v u/L b:tvt u/L lg:;f nufpg' kg]{5 .

^&= n]vfk/LIfssf] kfl/>lds M n]vfk/LIfssf] kfl/>lds ;fwf/0f ;efn] lgo'Qm u/]sf]df ;f] ;efn] / ;ldltn] lgo'Qm u/]sf]df ;ldltn] tf]s]adf]lhd x'g]5 .

kl/R5]b!)
Ohfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yf Ps cfk;df ufleg] Joj:yf

^*=

Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf ufleg ;Sg] M o; P]g adf]lhdsf] k|lqmof k"/f u/L Pp6f Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf csf]{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd ufleg ;Sg]5 . Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf Ps cfk;df ufEg jf ufleg lgj]bg lbg'kg]{ M -!_ Pp6f Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf csf]{ Ohfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yfdf ufEg jf ufleg rfx]df ufEg / ufleg rfxg] b'a} Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] cfcfgf] ;fwf/0f ;efaf6 ;f] ;DaGwL ljz]if k|:tfj kfl/t u/L :jLs[ltsf] lgldQ /fi6 a}+sdf ;+o'Qm ?kdf b]xfosf s'/f v'nfO{ lgj]bg lbg' kg]{5 M -s_ ufleg] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] kl5Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf] n]vfk/LIf0f ePsf] jf;nft, gfkmfgf]S;fg lx;fa / gub k|jfx ljj/0f nufotsf ljQLo ljj/0f ;lxtsf] n]vfk/LIfssf] k|ltj]bg, ufEg]] / ufleg] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] C0f lnPsf] ;fx"sf] ufEg jf uflegsf] nflu lbPsf] lnlvt ;xdlt kqsf] k|ltlnlk, ufleg] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] rn crn ;DklQsf] d"Nofg / bfloTjsf] oyfy{ ljj/0f, ufleg] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] sd{rf/Lsf ;DaGwdf ePsf] lg0f{osf] k|ltlnlk, Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf Ps cfk;df ufleg] ;DaGwdf /fi6 a}+sn] tf]s]sf] cGo cfjZos s'/f .

^(=

-v_

-u_

-3_

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd :jLs[ltsf] nflu lgj]bg k/]df /fi6 a}+sn] lgj]bg ;fy ;+nUg sfuhft tyf ljj/0f pk/ 5fglag u/L k}+tfln; lbgleq / lg0f{os} l;nl;nfdf /fi6 a}+sn] s'g} ljj/0f jf sfuhft dfu]sf] cj:yfdf yk kGw| lbgleq Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf Ps cfk;df ufEg jf ufleg :jLs[lt lbg] jf glbg] lg0f{o u/L ;f]sf] hfgsf/L ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfnfO{ lbg' kg]{5 . -#_ o; P]gdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg b'O{ jf ;f] eGbf a9L Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf ufle+bf To;af6 ljQLo If]qdf c:j:y k|lt:kwf{sf] jftfj/0f l;h{gf x'g] jf s'g} Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] Psflwsf/ jf lgolGqt cEof; sfod x'g;Sg] ;Defjgf b]v]df /fi6 a}+sn] To:tf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfnfO{ ufEg / ufleg :jLs[lt lbg] 5}g . -$_ /fi6 a}+sn] pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf Ps cfk;df ufEg jf ufleg :jLs[lt lbPdf ufleg] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] hfoh]yf tyf bfloTj ufEg] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf ;g]{5 . -%_ /fi6 a}+sn] uflePsf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] clen]v /fVg' kg]{5 . -^_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf ufEg] / ufleg] ;DaGwL cGo k|ls|of ;DaGwdf /fi6 a}+sn] cfjZos lgb]{zg lbg ;Sg]5 . -&_ /fi6 a}+sn] s'g} Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf ufEg] ;DaGwdf cfk"mn] u/]sf] lg0f{osf] Aoxf]/f ;j{;fwf/0fsf] hfgsf/Lsf nflu lg0f{o ePsf] tL; lbgleq /fli6o:t/sf] kqklqsfdf sDtLdf Ps k6s ;"rgf k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 .

kl/R5]b!!

s;"/ tyf b08 ;hfo ;DaGwL Joj:yf &)= s;"/ u/]sf] dflgg] M b]xfosf] s'g} sfd u/]df o; P]g adf]lhd s;"/ u/]sf] dflgg]5 M -s_ s;}n] o; P]g adf]lhd Ohfhtkq glnO{ jf Ohfhtkqsf] zt{ ljkl/t x'g] u/L ljQLo sf/f]af/ u/]df jf of] P]g jf o; P]g cGtu{t hf/L ul/Psf] cfb]z jf lgb]{zg ljk/Lt x'g] u/L lgIf]k lnPdf jf shf{ lbPdf jf l8a]Gr/ jf cGo ljQLo pks/0f hf/L u/]df jf /fi6 a}+sn] tf]s] ljk/Lt x'g] u/L Aofh lng] lbg] u/]df jf of] P]g jf k|rlnt sfg"g jf ;f] P]g cGtu{t hf/L ul/Psf cfb]z jf lgb]{zg ljkl/t ljb]zL ljlgdo sf/f]af/ u/]df, of] P]g jf o; P]g cGtu{t hf/L ul/Psf] cfb]z jf lgb]{zg adf]lhd Ohfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yfsf] ljQLo sf/f]af/, lx;fa lstfa, vftf jxL, >]:tf jf n]vfsf] uf]klgotf sfod /fVg' kg]{ lhDd]jf/L ePsf kbflwsf/Ln] To:tf] uf]klgotf sfod g/fv]df,

-v_

&!=

v08 -s_ jf -v_ df n]lvPb]lv afx]s s;}n] of] P]g jf o; P]g cGtu{t hf/L ul/Psf] cfb]z jf lgb]{zg pNn+3g u/]df . b08 ;hfo M -!_ b]xfosf s;"/ ug]{ JolQmnfO{ b]xfo adf]lhd ;hfo x'g]5 M -s_ s;}n] o; P]g adf]lhd Ohfhtkq glnO{ ljQLo sf/f]af/ u/]df pQm sf/f]af/;+u ;DalGwt lauf] hkmt

-u_

u/L lauf]sf] tLg u'0ff;Dd hl/jfgf jf tLg jif{;Dd s}b jf b'a} . -v_ s;}n] o; P]g jf k|rlnt cGo sfg"g ljkl/t ljb]zL ljlgdo sf/f]af/ u/]df lauf]sf] tLg u'0ff;Dd hl/jfgf jf tLg jif{;Dd s}b jf b'a} . s;}n] o; P]g jf o; P]g cGt/ut hf/L ul/Psf] cfb]z jf lgb]{zg ljkl/t x'g] u/L lgIf]k lnPdf jf shf{ lbPdf jf l8a]Gr/ jf cGo ljQLo pks/0f hf/L u/]df jf /fi6 a}+sn] tf]s] ljkl/t x'g] u/L Aofh lng] lbg] u/]df lauf]sf] b'O{ u'0ff;Dd hl/jfgf jf b'O{ jif{;Dd s}b jf b'a} . of] P]g jf o; P]g cGtu{t hf/L ul/Psf] cfb]z jf lgb]{zg adf]lhd Ohfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yfsf] ljQLo sf/f]af/, lx;fa lstfa, vftf axL, >]:tf jf n]vfsf] uf]klgotf sfod /fVg' kg]{ lhDd]jf/L ePsf kbflwsf/Ln] To:tf] uf]klgotf sfod g/fv]df To:tf] kbflwsf/LnfO{ kfFr nfv ?k}ofF;Dd h/Ljfgf jf Ps jif{;Dd s}b jf b'a} . s;}n] bkmf &) sf] v08 -u_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ u/]df lghnfO{ To:tf] s;"/;+u ;DalGwt lauf] hkmt u/L lauf] adf]lhd;Ddsf] h/Ljfgf jf Ps jif{;Dd s}b jf b'a} . s;}n] o; P]g ljk/Lt u/]sf] sfd sf/afxLsf] l;nl;nfdf lauf] hkmt u/L lauf] sfod ug{ g;lsg] cj:yf ePsf]df

-u_

-3_

-r_

s;"/sf] dfqf x]/L a9Ldf bznfv ?k}ofF;Dd h/Ljfgf jf Ps jif{;Dd s}b jf b'a} . -@_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf jf cGo s'g} JolQm, kmd{ sDkgL jf ;+:yfn] bkmf &) adf]lhdsf] s;"/ u/]df To:tf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfsf] To:tf] s;"/ ug]{ ;DalGwt kbflwsf/LnfO{ o; bkmf adf]lhdsf] ;hfo x'g]5 . -#_ bkmf &) adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug{ pBf]u ug]{ jf To:tf] s;"/ ug{ s'g} klg lsl;dn] d2t k'ofpg] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf jf cGo s'g} JolQm, kmd{ sDkgL jf ;+:yfnfO{ pkbkmf -!_ df tf]lsPsf] ;hfosf] cfwf;Dd ;hfo x'g]5 . &@= g]kfn ;/sf/ jfbL x'g] M bkmf &) df plNnlvt s;"/ ;DaGwL d'2f g]kfn ;/sf/ afbL eO{ bfo/ ul/g]5 / To:tf] d'2f ;/sf/L d'2f ;DaGwL P]g, @)$( sf] cg';"rL! df ;dfj]z ePsf] dflgg]5 . &#= /fi6 a}+sn] hfgsf/L lbg] M bkmf &) df plNnlvt s;"/ s;}n] u/]sf] hfgsf/L s'g} dfWodaf6 /fi6 a}+snfO{ x'g cfPdf /fi6 a}+sn] cfjZos sf/afxLsf] nflu g]kfn ;/sf/ jf ;DalGwt lgsfodf n]vL k7fpg]5 .

&$= /fi6 a}+ssf] lgodg pNn+3g u/]df x'g] ;hfo M -!_ g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* jf of] P]g jf ;f] cGtu{t ag]sf] lgod jf ljlgod cGtu{t /fi6 a}+sn] hf/L u/]sf] cfb]z jf lgb]{zgsf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] pNn+3g u/]df To:tf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfnfO{ lgodg pNn+3gsf]

uflDeo{tf x]/L /fi6 a}+sn] b]xfo adf]lhdsf] ;hfo ug{ ;Sg]5 M -s_ -v_ -u_ ;r]t u/fpg] jf lnlvt r]tfjgL lbg], ;'wf/fTds sbd rfNgsf nflu ;+rfns ;ldltnfO{ sa'lnotgfdf u/fpg] , af/Daf/ x'g] pNn+3g cGt ug{, To;af6 cnu /xg / ;'wf/fTds sbd rfNgsf nflu lnlvt cfb]z hf/L ug]{ , Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] cfgf] z]o/wgLnfO{ lbg] nfef+zsf] ljt/0f jf af]g; z]o/ hf/L ug{ jf b'a} sfo{ ug{df k|ltjGw nufpg] , Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] :jLsf/ ug{ ;Sg] lgIf]k jf lbg ;Sg] shf{ jf b'a} sfo{ ug{df k|ltaGw nufpg] , Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] sf/f]af/df cf+lzs jf k"0f{ k|ltaGw nufpg] , Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] lgnDag jf /2 ug]{, Ohfhtkq

-3_

-r_ -5_ -h_

Ohfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yf vf/]h ug{ k'g/fj]bg cbfntdf lgj]bg lbg] . -@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* jf of] P]g jf ;f] cGt/ut ag]sf] lgod jf ljlgod cGtu{t /fi6 a}+s jf ;f] a}+ssf] lg/LIf0f tyf ;'k/Lj]If0f ug]{ clwsf/Ln] dfu u/]sf] sfuhft, ljj/0f, tYof jf clen]v /fi6 a}+s jf ;f] a}+ssf] lg/LIf0f tyf ;'k/Lj]If0f ug]{ clwsf/Ln] tf]s]sf] ;do leq k]z gu/]df To:tf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfnfO{ /fi6 a}+sn] Ohfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yfsf] juL{s/0fsf] cfwf/df bzxhf/ ?k}ofF

b]lv krf; xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/jfgf ug{ ;Sg]5 . -#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd nufOPsf] hl/jfgf /sd Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] tLg lbgleq e'QmfgL gu/]df To:tf] ;+:yfsf] /fi6 a}+sdf /x]sf] vftfaf6 sf u/L /fi6 a}+sn] lng ;Sg]5 . -$_ g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* jf of] P]g jf ;f] cGtu{t ag]sf] lgod jf ljlgod jf ;f] cGtu{t /fi6 a}+sn] hf/L u/]sf] cfb]z jf lgb]{zg Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf kbflwsf/Ln] pNn+3g u/]df jf To:tf kbflwsf/Ln] lgIf]kstf{ jf nufgLstf{sf] lxt ljk/Lt sfd u/]df jf /fi6 a}+s jf lg/LIf0f tyf ;'kl/j]If0f ug]{ clwsf/Ln] dfu u/]sf] sfuhft, ljj/0f, tYof jf clen]v /fi6 a}+s jf ;f] a}+ssf] lg/LIf0f tyf ;'k/Lj]If0f ug]{ clwsf/Ln] tf]s]sf] ;doleq k]z gu/]df To:tf] kbflwsf/LnfO{ cfb]z jf lgb]{zg pNn+3gsf] ufDeLo{t x]/L /fi6 a}+sn] b]xfo adf]lhdsf] ;hfo ug{ ;Sg]5 M -s_ -v_ -u_ -3_ ;r]t u/fpg] jf gl;xt lbg] . lgnDagdf /fVg] . kfFr nfv ?k}ofF;Dd hl/jfgf ug]{ . tnj, eQf nufotsf ;Dk"0f{ ;'ljwfx? /f]Ssf /fVg ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;+rfns ;ldltnfO{ cfb]z lbg] . kbflwsf/L ;+rfns eP ;+rfns kbaf6 x6fpg jf kbflwsf/L eP To:tf] sd{rf/Lsf] ;]jfsf zt{ ;DaGwL sfg"gdf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg lghnfO{ ;]jfaf6 cjsf; lbg nufpg ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;+rfns ;ldltnfO{ cfb]z lbg]

. -%_ o; bkmf adf]lhd s;}nfO{ ;hfo ubf{ lghnfO{ cfgf] tk{maf6 ;kmfO{ k]z ug]{ plrt cj;/af6 al~rt ul/g] 5}g . t/ pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -s_, -v_, u_ / -3_, pkbkmf -@_ / pkbkmf -$_ sf] v08 s_ / -v_ adf]lhd ;hfo ubf{ ;kmfO{ k]z ug]{ cj;/ lbg cfjZos x'g] 5}g . &%= k'g/fj]bg nfUg] M -!_ bkmf &$ cGtu{t /fi6 a}+sn] u/]sf] ;hfo pk/ lrQ ga'em\g] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf jf ;f] ;+:yfsf kbflwsf/Ln] ;hfosf] cfb]z kfPsf] ldltn] k}+tL; lbgleq ;DalGwt k'g/fj]bg cbfntdf k'g/fj]bg ug{ ;Sg]5 . -@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd k'g/fj]bg ubf{ s'g} /sd hl/jfgf ePsf]df To:tf] /sdsf] krf; k|ltzt w/f}6Lsf] ?kdf /fi6 a}+sdf hDdf ug'{ kg]{5 .

kl/R5]b!@
ljljw &^= :j]lR5s vf/]hLsf] cg'dlt lng' kg]{ M -!_ /fi6 a}+ssf] k"j{ :jLs[lt lagf Ohfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yf :j]R5fn] vf/]h x'g ;Sg] 5}g . -@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] :j]lR5s vf/]hLsf] nflu lgj]bg kg{ cfPdf /fi6 a}+sn] cfjZos hfFra'em u/L To:tf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] cfkm\gf] C[0f tyf bfloTj k'0f{ ?kdf e'QmfgL ug{ ;Ifd 5 eGg] s'/fdf /fi6 a}+s ljZj:t ePdf /fi6 a}+sn] tf]lslbPsf] zt{ k"/f ug]{ u/L :j]lR5s vf/]hLsf] cg'dlt lbg ;Sg]5 . &&= Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf vf/]h x'Fbf bfloTjsf] e'QmfgLdf k|fyldstfqmd M k|rlnt sfg"gdf

h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf s'g} lsl;dn] vf/]hL x'Fbf jf bfdf;fxL ug'{ kbf{ b]xfosf] k|fyldstfsf] cfwf/df bfloTjsf] e'QmfgL lbg' kg]{5 M -s_ -v_ -u_ -3_ -_ -r_ -5_ vf/]hL ubf{ nfu]sf] vr{ . art lgIf]kstf{nfO{ e'QmfgL ug{ afFsL /sd . d'2tL lgIf]kstf{nfO{ e'QmfgL ug{ afFsL /sd . cGo lgIf]kstf{nfO{ e'QmfgL ug{ afFsL /sd . k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd a'emfpg' kg]{ s/, b:t'/ / z'Ns . /fi6 a}+s ;+u lnPsf] shf{ . sd{rf/LnfO{ e'QmfgL lbg afFsL tna, eQf, ;+rosf]if, pkbfg / cGo /sd . Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] lnPsf] cGo shf{ .

-h_

-em_ z]o/wgL . &*= dWo:ytf M Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?sf aLrdf s'g} lsl;dsf] ljjfb pTkGg ePdf /fi6 a}+sn] dWo:ytf ug]{5 . o:tf] dWo:ytfsf ;DaGwdf /fi6 a}+sn] lbPsf] lg0f{o clGtd x'g]5 . &(= uf]kgLotf sfod /fVg' kg]{ M -!_ k|rlnt sfg"gdf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf / u|fxs aLrsf] ;DaGw tyf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] lx;fa lstfa, vftf axL, >]:tf

/ n]vfsf] ljj/0f ;DalGwt JolQm afx]s cGo s;}nfO{ yfxf lbOg] 5}g . -@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg b]xfosf] cj:yfdf To:tf] ljj/0f lbOPdf uf]klgotf e u/]sf] dflgg] 5}g M -s_ g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* jf of] P]g jf ;f] cGtu{t ag]sf] lgod jf ljlgod jf ;f] cGtu{t hf/L ul/Psf] cfb]z jf lgb]{zg adf]lhd /fi6 a}+snfO{ lbOPdf, d'2f jf cGo sfg"gL sf/afxLsf] l;nl;nfdf cbfntnfO{ lbOPdf, sfg"g adf]lhd clwsf/ k|fKt cg';Gwfg txlssft ug]{ jf cleof]hg ug]{ clwsf/LnfO{ txlssft jf cleof]hgsf] l;nl;nfdf lbOPdf, n]vfk/LIf0fsf] l;nl;nfdf n]vfk/LIfs nfO{ lbOPdf, n]vfk/LIf0f k|ltj]bgdf n]vfk/LIfsn] pNn]v u/]sf]df, hfFra'emsf] l;nl;nfdf hfFra'em ;ldltnfO{ jf k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd clwsf/ k|fKt cg';Gwfg clwsf/LnfO{ lbOPdf, lkIfLo jf ax'kIfLo ;lGwsf] cfwf/df b'O{ jf b'O{ eGbf a9L d'n's aLr a}ls ;"rgf cfbfg k|bfg ePsf]df, Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? aLr shf{ ;"rgf cfbfgk|bfg ug]{ l;nl;nfdf lbOPdf,

-v_ -u_

-3_ -_ -r_

-5_

-h_

-em_ s'g} vf; k|s[ltsf] ck/fw cg';Gwfg sf] l;nl;nfdf sf/0f ;d]t v'nfO{ s'g} JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfsf] gfddf Ohfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yfdf /x]sf] vftfsf] s'g} ljj/0f jf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] vftfsf] ljj/0f dfu u/L g]kfn ;/sf/, cy{ dGqfnoaf6 cg'/f]w eO{ /fi6 a}+sn] lgb]{zg lbPdf . -#_ g]kfn ;/sf/, cbfnt, /fi6 a}+s, hfFra'em ;ldlt, cg';Gwfg tyf cleof]hg clwsf/L, n]vfk/LIfs, o; P]g adf]lhd lgo'Qm lg/LIfs jf c? s;}n] klg pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd k|fKt x'g cfPsf] hfgsf/L jf ljj/0fsf] uf]kgLotf e+u ug'{ x'Fb}g . -$_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf ;+rfns, sfo{sf/L k|d'v, sd{rf/L, n]vfk/LIfs tyf ;Nnfxsf/n] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf / u|fxs aLrsf] ;DaGwdf vnn kg]{ u/L Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] lx;fa lstfj, vftf axL ;|]:tf, n]vf tyf cGo s'g} klg lsl;dsf] uf]klgotf sfod ug'{ kg]{ ljifosf] uf]klgotf e+u ug'{ x'Fb}g . *)= vftf /f]Ssf /fVg lgb]{zg lbg ;Sg] M-!_ s'g} klg lsl;dsf] s;"/sf] cg';Gwfg jf /fli6o jf cGt/f{li6o cft+sjfbL ultljlw jf ;+ul7t ck/fwsf] lgoGq0f u/L /fli6o lxt sfod /fVg] l;nl;nfdf s'g} JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfsf] gfddf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf /x]sf] vftfaf6 s'g} klg lsl;dn] e'QmfgL lbg jf /sdfGt/ ug{ gkfpg] u/L vftf /f]Ssf /fVg /fi6 a}+sn] ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfnfO{ s'g} klg avt lgb]{zg lbg ;Sg]5 . -@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd /fi6 a}+sn]

lbPsf] lgb]{zgsf] kfngf ug'{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] st{Jo x'g]5 . *!=

;DalGwt

lgIf]k pk/sf] xs bfjL M -!_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf /x]sf] lgIf]k pk/ ;f] lgIf]k /fVg] JolQm afx]s c? s;}sf] xs bfjL nfUg] 5}g . lgIf]k /fVg] JolQmsf] d[To' ePdf lghn] s;}nfO{ OR5fPsf] eP To:tf] OR5fOPsf] JolQmsf] / To:tf] OR5fOPsf] JolQmsf] klg d[To' ePsf] /x]5 jf s;}nfO{ OR5fOPsf] /x]g5 eg] b]xfosf] JolQm dWo] k|fyldstf qmdfg';f/ h'g JolQm hLljt 5 ;f]xL JolQmsf] To:tf] lgIf]k pk/ klxnf] xs bfjL nfUg]5 M -s_ -v_ -u_ -3_ -_ -r_ ;uf]nsf] klt jf kTgL, ;uf]nsf] 5f]/f, wd{k'q jf 5f]/L jf wd{k'qL, ;uf]nsf] afa', cfdf, 5f]/f klsf] gftL jf gftLgL, leGg a;]sf] klt jf kTgL, 5f]/f, cljjflxtf 5f]/L, afa' jf cfdf, ;uf]nsf] afa' klsf] afh], aHo}, bfh', efO{, cljjflxtf lbbL jf alxgL, ;uf]nsf] elthf, elthL, ;f}t}gL cfdf, leGg a;]sf] 5f]/f klsf] gftL jf cljjflxtf gfltgL, ;uf]nsf] sfsf, lawjf sfsL, efpHo", efO{ a'xf/L jf gfltgL a'xf/L, leGg a;]sf] bfh' jf efO{,

-5_ -h_

-em_ ljjflxtf lbbL, alxgL, leGg a;]sf afh], aHo}, lawjf 5f]/f a'xf/L,

gfltgL a'xf/L jf elthf . -@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] qmddf sf]xL JolQm gePsf] cj:yfdf To:tf] lgIf]k pk/ xsjfnfsf] bfjL /xg]5 / xsjfnf klg gePsf] cj:yfdf ;f] lgIf]k g]kfn ;/sf/sf] x'g]5 . -#_ k|rlnt sfg"gdf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf /x]sf] lgIf]k pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd xs k'Ug] JolQmsf] dGh'/Ln] afx]s cGo s'g} JolQmnfO{ lbOg] 5}g . *@= bfjL gk/]sf] lgIf]k jf nfef+zsf] ljj/0f M -!_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] bz jif{b]lv rNtL gePsf tyf o; P]g adf]lhd xs bfjL gk/]sf lgIf]k vftfx?sf] ljj/0f k|To]s cfly{s jif{sf] klxnf] dlxgfleq /fi6 a}+sdf k7fpg' kg]{5 . -@_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] nfef+z 3f]if0ff u/]sf] ldltn] kfFr jif{;Dd klg ;DalGwt z]o/wgL jf lghsf] xsjfnf ;f] nfef+z lng gcfPdf To:tf z]o/wgLsf] nfef+zsf] ljj/0f k|To]s cfly{s jif{sf] klxnf] dlxgfleq /fi6 a}+sdf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . -#_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] pkbkmf -!_ jf @_ adf]lhd rNtL gePsf jf bfjL gk/]sf lgIf]kx? jf ljt/0f gePsf] nfef+zsf] ljj/0f /fli6o :t/sf] kqklqsfdf sDtLdf Ps k6s k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 . *#= lgIf]k e/L e/fpm jf hkmt x'g ;Sg] M Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf /fv]sf] lgIf]k /sd lwtf] jf hdfgt /fvL n]gb]g sf/f]af/ u/]sf] jf ;/sf/L jf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] k"0f{ :jfldTj ePsf] ;+:yfsf] txljn df;L ;f] df;]sf] /sdaf6 jf k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd s'g} s;"/ dflgg] sfd u/L ;f] s;"/sf] lauf]af6 jf cft+ssf/L jf ;+ul7t ck/fw ;DaGwL ultljlwaf6 ;+sng u/L lgIf]k /fv]sf] /x]5 eg] ;f] lwtf] jf hdfgt /x]sf] jf

txljn d;f}6 u/]sf] jf lauf] hlt k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd ;f] lgIf]kaf6 e/L e/fpm jf hkmt x'g ;Sg]5 . *$= Joj:yfkg vr{M a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] Joj:yfkg tyf ;+:yfkgf vr{ /fi6 a}+sn] tf]lslbPsf] ;Ldf eGbf a9L x'g] 5}g .

*%= afwf c8sfp k'msfpg] M o; P]gdf n]lvPsf] s'g} s'/f sfof{Gjog ug{ afwf c8sfp k/]df /fi6 a}+sn] g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;xdtL lnO{ To:tf] afwf c8sfp k'msfpg cfjZos cfb]z hf/L ug{ ;Sg]5 . *^= 5'6 / ;'ljwf M -!_ k|rlnt sfg"gdf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg s[lif, 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u, l;+rfO{, hn ljB't pTkfbg tyf g]kfn ;/sf/n] tf]s]sf] cGo s'g} Joj;fosf] lgldQ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] g]kfnL gful/s jf k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd :yflkt ;+:yfnfO{ lbg] a9Ldf bz nfv ?k}ofF;Ddsf] shf{sf] lnvt /lhi6]zg ug'{ kg]{ 5}g . -@_ bkmf %! sf] pkbkmf -@_ sf] clwgdf /xL Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] shf{ jf lgIf]kdf lng] jf lbg] Aofhsf] b/ / Aofh nfUg] t/Lsf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] tf]s] adf]lhd x'g]5 . t/ To:tf] Aofhsf] b/ jf Aofh nfUg] t/Lsfsf] ;DaGwdf /fi6 a}+sn] ;do;dodf lbPsf] lgb]{zg Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] kfngf ug'{ kg]{5 . -#_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] lng] jf lbg] shf{ / lgIf]ksf] efvf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] tf]s] adf]lhd x'g]5 . -$_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfl;t ;DalGwt s'g} lsl;dsf] lnvtdf cfol6s6 b:t'/ nfUg] 5}g .

*&= c;n lgotn] u/]sf] sfddf hjfkmb]xL x'g gkg]{ M -!_ g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%*, of] P]g jf ;f] cGtu{t ag]sf] lgod jf ljlgod jf ;f] cGtu{t hf/L ul/Psf] cfb]z jf lgb]{zg adf]lhd c;n lgotn] u/]sf] s'g} sfdsf/afxLsf] ;DaGwdf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf kbflwsf/L JolQmut jf ;fd'lxs ?kn] hjfkmb]xL x'g] 5}gg\ . t/ ]if k"0f{ nfk/jfxL jf jblgotaf6 ul/Psf] s'g} sfdsf] kl/0ffd pk/ lghx? JolQmut ?kdf lhDd]jf/ x'g]5g\ . -@_ g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%*, o; P]g jf ;f] cGtu{t ag]sf] lgod jf ljlgod jf ;f] cGtu{t hf/L ul/Psf] cfb]z jf lgb]{zgsf] kfngf ug{sf] lgldQ c;n lgotn] u/]sf] jf ug{ vf]h]sf] s'g} s'/fn] x'g cfPsf] jf x'g] xfgL gf]S;fgLsf] ;DaGwdf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf lj?4 s'g} lsl;dsf] d'2f k/]df To:tf] d'2fsf] vr{ ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] Joxf]g]{5 . t/ ]if k"0f{ nfk/jfxL jf jblgotaf6 ul/Psf] s'g} sfdsf] kl/0ffd pk/ k/]sf] d'2fsf] vr{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] Joxf]g]{ 5}g . zky u|x0f ug]{ M -!_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf klxnf] k6s lgo'lQm ePsf kbflwsf/Ln] cfgf] cf]xbfsf] sfd z'? ug'{ eGbf cufj} tf]lsP adf]lhd uf]klgotf / OdfGbf/Ltfsf] zky lng' kg]{5 . -@_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] kbflwsf/Ln] cfgf] st{Jo kfngsf] l;nl;nfdf yfxf kfPsf] s'g}klg ;"rgf jf hfgsf/L cgflws[t JolQmnfO{ yfxf lbg' x'Fb}g . sfd sf/afxL ab/ gx'g] M ;+rfnssf] lgo'lQm jf ;ldltsf] u7gdf clgoldttf ePsf] jf s'g} ;+rfnssf] kb l/Qm /x]sf] sf/0fn] dfq ;+rfns jf ;ldltn] u/]sf] s'g} sfd sf/afxL ab/ x'g] 5}g .

**=

*(=

()=

(!=

lgod agfpg] clwsf/ M o; P]gsf] p2]Zo sfof{Gjog ug{ /fi6 a}+sn] cfjZos lgodx? agfpg ;Sg]5 To:tf lgodx? g]kfn ;/sf/af6 :jLs[lt eP kl5 nfu" x'g]5g\ . ljlgod agfpg] clwsf/ M -!_ cfgf] sfd sf/f]af/ ;'Jojl:yt ?kn] ;+rfng ug{ / o; P]gsf] p2]Zo sfof{Gjog ug{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ljlgod agfpg ;Sg]5 . To:tf] ljlgod /fi6 a}+saf6 :jLs[t ePkl5 nfu" x'g]5 . -@_ pkbkmf -!_ n] lbPsf] clwsf/sf] ;j{dfGotfdf k|lts"n k|efj gkg]{ u/L Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] b]xfosf] s'g} jf ;a} ljifodf ljlgod agfpg ;Sg]5 M -s_ ;ldltsf] a}7s / ;fwf/0f ;efsf] sfo{ljlw af/], -v_ ;ldltn] ;+rfns jf sd{rf/LnfO{ clVtof/L ;'Dkg] af/], -u_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf sd{rf/Lsf] lgo'lQm, a9'jf, ;?jf, avf{:tL, tnj, eQf, pkbfg, lgj[Qe/0f, ljbf, cfr/0f, cg'zf;g ;d]t ;]jfsf zt{ / u7g af/], -3_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf tk{maf6 ul/g] s/f/ ;DaGwL zt{x? af/], -_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] cfly{s k|zf;g ;DaGwL ljifo af/], -r_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] 5fk rnfpg] sfo{ljwL af/], -5_ o; P]g adf]lhd Ohfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yfn] ug'{kg]{ cGo sfd sf/afxL af/] .

(@= k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd x'g] M o; P]g / o; P]g cGtu{t hf/L ul/Psf cfb]z jf lgb]{zgdf n]lvPsf s'/fdf o;} P]g / cfb]z jf lgb]{zg adf]lhd / cGo s'/fdf k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5 . t/ g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g,@)%* df n]lvP hlt s'/fdf ;f]xL P]g adf]lhd x'g]5 . (# vf/]hL / arfp M -!_ b]xfosf P]gx? Vff/]h ul/Psf]5 M -s_ s[lif ljsf; a}+s P]g, @)@$, -v_ jfl0fHo a}+s P]g, @)#!, -u_ ljQ sDkgL P]g, @)$@, -3_ g]kfn cf}Bf]lus ljsf; lgud P]g, @)$^ / -_ ljsf; a}+s P]g, @)%@ -@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd vf/]\h ul/Psf] P]g adf]lhd eP u/]sf sfd sf/jfxL o;} P]g adf]lhd eP u/]sf] dflgg]5 . -#_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] C0f c;'nL ;DaGwL P]g, @)%* df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg o; P]g adf]lhd ;+:yflkt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfs]f C0f c;'nL ;DaGwL d'2fsf ;DaGWfdf ;f]xL P]gsf] bkmf # sf] Joj:yf nfu" x'g]5 . ($ j}+s tyf ljlQo ;+:yf ;DaGwL cWofb]z, @)^@ lgis[o ePkl5 To;sf] kl/0ffd M a}+s tyf ljlQo ;+:yf ;DaGwL cWofb]z, @)^@ lgis[o ePkl5 csf]{ clek|fo gb]lvPdf ;f] lgis[otfn], -s_ ;f] cWofb]z lgis[o x'+bfsf jvt rNtL gePsf] jf sfod g/x]sf] s'g} s'/f klg hufpg] 5}g . -v_ ;f] cWofb]z adf]lhd rfn' ePsf] s'/f jf ;f] adf]lhd /Lt k'/\ofO cl3 g} ul/Psf] s'g} sfd

jf ef]lu;s]sf] s'g} s'/fnfO{ c;/ kfg]{ 5}g, -u_ ;f] cWofb]z adf]lhd kfPsf], xfl;n u/]sf] jf ef]u]sf] s'g} xs, ;'ljwf, st{Jo jf bfloTjdf c;/ kfg]{ 5}g, -3_ ;f] cWofb]z adf]lhd ul/Psf] s'g} b08 ;hfo jf hkmtnfO{ c;/ kfg]{ 5}g, -_ dfly n]lvPsf] s'g} To:tf] xs, ;'ljwf, st{Jo, bfloTj jf b08 ;hfosf ;DaGwdf ul/Psf] s'g} sfd sf/afxL jf pkfonfO{ c;/ kfg]{ 5}g / pQm cWofb]z sfod /x] ;/x To:tf] s'g} sfg"gL sf/jfxL jf pkfonfO{ klg z'? ug{, rfn' /fVg jf nfu' ug{ ;lsg]5 .

Nepali Arts & Culture Guide
No ratings yet
Nepali Arts & Culture Guide
125 pages
A) +S Tyf Ljqlo +:yf Dagwl P) G, @) #
No ratings yet
A) +S Tyf Ljqlo +:yf Dagwl P) G, @) #
54 pages
Bank Tatha Bittiya Sanstha
No ratings yet
Bank Tatha Bittiya Sanstha
50 pages
Model of Financial Adm. Byrules For Commercial Banks and Financial Instituions
No ratings yet
Model of Financial Adm. Byrules For Commercial Banks and Financial Instituions
28 pages
N R B kharidBiniyamawali2071DosroSansodhan20740828
No ratings yet
N R B kharidBiniyamawali2071DosroSansodhan20740828
117 pages
Nepali Language Learning Guide
No ratings yet
Nepali Language Learning Guide
64 pages
BAFIA Amendment Integration Act 2073
86% (7)
BAFIA Amendment Integration Act 2073
163 pages
Employees' Service Rule of Nepal Airlines Corporation 2058
No ratings yet
Employees' Service Rule of Nepal Airlines Corporation 2058
207 pages
Final UPDATED NASC-Arthick Niyamawali - Doc2068.1.8.rtf - 0
No ratings yet
Final UPDATED NASC-Arthick Niyamawali - Doc2068.1.8.rtf - 0
109 pages
10 Final Locallevelelectionnirdeshikamodifiedsushil.12
No ratings yet
10 Final Locallevelelectionnirdeshikamodifiedsushil.12
61 pages
G) KFN /fi6 A) ° P) G, @) %
No ratings yet
G) KFN /fi6 A) ° P) G, @) %
55 pages
Income Tax Act, 2058 and Income Tax Regulation, 205921201613436 PM
No ratings yet
Income Tax Act, 2058 and Income Tax Regulation, 205921201613436 PM
248 pages
Encrypted Text Analysis
No ratings yet
Encrypted Text Analysis
13 pages
Policies Acquisition Bylaws, 2070 New
No ratings yet
Policies Acquisition Bylaws, 2070 New
11 pages
२२.सार्वजनिक खरिद ऐन २०६३
No ratings yet
२२.सार्वजनिक खरिद ऐन २०६३
54 pages
Bhanu
No ratings yet
Bhanu
45 pages
IncomeTaxAct, 2058 (LastUpdated) 17201633614PM
No ratings yet
IncomeTaxAct, 2058 (LastUpdated) 17201633614PM
127 pages
BFDF FXL Dagwl P) G, @) #: - LDLT @) &$ FN K'If D FGT DD Epsf +ZF) WG D) T Ldnfopsf)
No ratings yet
BFDF FXL Dagwl P) G, @) #: - LDLT @) &$ FN K'If D FGT DD Epsf +ZF) WG D) T Ldnfopsf)
30 pages
Income Tax Act
No ratings yet
Income Tax Act
203 pages
NRB Act 2058
50% (2)
NRB Act 2058
68 pages
Karmachaari - Sewashart, 2074-7-18.
No ratings yet
Karmachaari - Sewashart, 2074-7-18.
78 pages
Employee Bylaws2073
No ratings yet
Employee Bylaws2073
50 pages
सांस्कृतिक प्रतिष्ठान ऐन, २०८० upload version
No ratings yet
सांस्कृतिक प्रतिष्ठान ऐन, २०८० upload version
11 pages
+:S (LT, Ko (6G Tyf Gful/S P8/8Og Dgqfno
No ratings yet
+:S (LT, Ko (6G Tyf Gful/S P8/8Og Dgqfno
41 pages
२०.सुरक्षित कारोबार ऐन २०६३
No ratings yet
२०.सुरक्षित कारोबार ऐन २०६३
36 pages
Gharelu Hinsa Kasur Ra Sajaya Niyamawali
No ratings yet
Gharelu Hinsa Kasur Ra Sajaya Niyamawali
12 pages
G) KFN KF/JXG Tyf Uf) BFD Joj:Yf SDKGL Lnld6) 8: SD (RF/L - ) JF, ZT (Tyf 'LJWF - Ljlgodfjnl, @) &@
No ratings yet
G) KFN KF/JXG Tyf Uf) BFD Joj:Yf SDKGL Lnld6) 8: SD (RF/L - ) JF, ZT (Tyf 'LJWF - Ljlgodfjnl, @) &@
67 pages
D"no Clea (l4 S/ Nufpg) / C 'N PK/ Ug) (Joj:yf Ug (Ag) SF) P) G - Cfly (S P) G, @) % N) U/) SF) +ZF) WG D) T
No ratings yet
D"no Clea (l4 S/ Nufpg) / C 'N PK/ Ug) (Joj:yf Ug (Ag) SF) P) G - Cfly (S P) G, @) % N) U/) SF) +ZF) WG D) T
125 pages
Biniyamawali - 6th - Amendment - Final
No ratings yet
Biniyamawali - 6th - Amendment - Final
126 pages
yfglo TX LGJF (RG CFRF/ +LXTF, @) &#
No ratings yet
yfglo TX LGJF (RG CFRF/ +LXTF, @) &#
2 pages
NRB Information Communication Policy 2078 With 1st Amd 1
No ratings yet
NRB Information Communication Policy 2078 With 1st Amd 1
12 pages
Money Transfer Biniyamawali 2067
100% (1)
Money Transfer Biniyamawali 2067
16 pages
Labour Act, 2074 PDF
No ratings yet
Labour Act, 2074 PDF
55 pages
Karmachari Byabasthapan Karyabidhi Cooperatives
100% (3)
Karmachari Byabasthapan Karyabidhi Cooperatives
38 pages
Model LG Procurement Regulation
No ratings yet
Model LG Procurement Regulation
105 pages
G) KFN /fi6 A) +S LJK - ) If0F SF/F) Af/ Lg/Lif0F Tyf 'KL/J) If0F Ljlgodfjnl, @) & (
No ratings yet
G) KFN /fi6 A) +S LJK - ) If0F SF/F) Af/ Lg/Lif0F Tyf 'KL/J) If0F Ljlgodfjnl, @) & (
16 pages
SEO Strategy for Nepali Content
No ratings yet
SEO Strategy for Nepali Content
13 pages
Arthik Biniyamawali
No ratings yet
Arthik Biniyamawali
169 pages
Samudayik Ban Rajpatra - 0
No ratings yet
Samudayik Ban Rajpatra - 0
17 pages
बनेपा नगर बाल अधिकार संरक्षण तथा संवर्द्धन सम्बन्धी कार्यविधि २०८०
No ratings yet
बनेपा नगर बाल अधिकार संरक्षण तथा संवर्द्धन सम्बन्धी कार्यविधि २०८०
47 pages
Company Act, 2063 - Nepali
No ratings yet
Company Act, 2063 - Nepali
93 pages
घर बहाल व्यवस्था
No ratings yet
घर बहाल व्यवस्था
126 pages
DOFE Act
No ratings yet
DOFE Act
23 pages
Karmachari Biniyawali 2078
No ratings yet
Karmachari Biniyawali 2078
160 pages
1687772646 130545831 शैक्षिक परामर्श सेवा तथा भाषा शिक्षण सम्बन्धि निर्देशिका २०७३
No ratings yet
1687772646 130545831 शैक्षिक परामर्श सेवा तथा भाषा शिक्षण सम्बन्धि निर्देशिका २०७३
13 pages
Rules by Law Akhatiyar Final 20690104 PDF
No ratings yet
Rules by Law Akhatiyar Final 20690104 PDF
13 pages
Bank and Financial Institutions Rules by Law 064 20720920
No ratings yet
Bank and Financial Institutions Rules by Law 064 20720920
5 pages
१६.धितो पत्र सम्बन्धी ऐन २०६३
No ratings yet
१६.धितो पत्र सम्बन्धी ऐन २०६३
43 pages
J:T' Ljlgdo Ahf/ RFNG Ug (CG'DLTKQ K - BFG Ug) (Glltut PJ+ K - S (Ofut Joj:Yf Dagwl LGB) (LZSF, @) &
No ratings yet
J:T' Ljlgdo Ahf/ RFNG Ug (CG'DLTKQ K - BFG Ug) (Glltut PJ+ K - S (Ofut Joj:Yf Dagwl LGB) (LZSF, @) &
35 pages
Sahuliyat Karja
No ratings yet
Sahuliyat Karja
29 pages
स्थानीय तह निर्वाचन निर्देशिका, 2078 - final
No ratings yet
स्थानीय तह निर्वाचन निर्देशिका, 2078 - final
144 pages
Anti Money Laundering Act 2064
No ratings yet
Anti Money Laundering Act 2064
78 pages
Ax'P2) Zolo XSF/L +:yf LN SF) : Ljlgod
No ratings yet
Ax'P2) Zolo XSF/L +:yf LN SF) : Ljlgod
20 pages
Kathmandu Metropiltant, Sahakari Ain, 2074
No ratings yet
Kathmandu Metropiltant, Sahakari Ain, 2074
55 pages
2067 - 68 - (Notice) - 2 - Attachment - Lender of Last Resort Policy, 2067
No ratings yet
2067 - 68 - (Notice) - 2 - Attachment - Lender of Last Resort Policy, 2067
7 pages
IncomeTaxAct20581252019125151PM PDF
No ratings yet
IncomeTaxAct20581252019125151PM PDF
151 pages
Model of Writeoff Byrules For Commer
No ratings yet
Model of Writeoff Byrules For Commer
14 pages
Sop (2) Rajesh
No ratings yet
Sop (2) Rajesh
3 pages
Frequently Asked Question in USA Student Visa Interview in Nepal
0% (1)
Frequently Asked Question in USA Student Visa Interview in Nepal
2 pages
Draft SOP
No ratings yet
Draft SOP
8 pages
Interview Questions
No ratings yet
Interview Questions
16 pages
Interview Questions
No ratings yet
Interview Questions
16 pages
Tata AIG General Insurance Company LTD.: Specific Marine Policy
100% (1)
Tata AIG General Insurance Company LTD.: Specific Marine Policy
1 page
Bank Performance and The Credit Risk Management
100% (3)
Bank Performance and The Credit Risk Management
38 pages
Question Bank - Electrical Material - 3160923 - New
No ratings yet
Question Bank - Electrical Material - 3160923 - New
5 pages
Naturelifeandmind
No ratings yet
Naturelifeandmind
11 pages
Topic 12 Differentiation
No ratings yet
Topic 12 Differentiation
27 pages
Ray Optics and Optical Instruments DPP 01 (Of Lec-03) - Yakeen NEET 2.0 2025 (Legend)
No ratings yet
Ray Optics and Optical Instruments DPP 01 (Of Lec-03) - Yakeen NEET 2.0 2025 (Legend)
4 pages
MCQs+VSAQs (Determinants)
No ratings yet
MCQs+VSAQs (Determinants)
7 pages
New Holland E200SR Excavator Workshop Service Repair Manual
No ratings yet
New Holland E200SR Excavator Workshop Service Repair Manual
21 pages
LAN Guage, Gen Eral Stud Ies and Hindi: Ques Tion Book Let
No ratings yet
LAN Guage, Gen Eral Stud Ies and Hindi: Ques Tion Book Let
35 pages
Lecturer: Dr. O.U. Dairo Synopsis:: AGE 401: Design of Agric. and Food Processing Machines I (3 Units)
No ratings yet
Lecturer: Dr. O.U. Dairo Synopsis:: AGE 401: Design of Agric. and Food Processing Machines I (3 Units)
11 pages
Nemra Thesis
No ratings yet
Nemra Thesis
244 pages
At-3.73!00!00, Brochure - Vav Ahri
No ratings yet
At-3.73!00!00, Brochure - Vav Ahri
12 pages
1 - SINCRO - 7a - EN - DESCRIPTION AND TECHNICAL FEATURES
100% (1)
1 - SINCRO - 7a - EN - DESCRIPTION AND TECHNICAL FEATURES
45 pages
Module Physics Forces and Motion
No ratings yet
Module Physics Forces and Motion
18 pages
Jury Stability Test
No ratings yet
Jury Stability Test
12 pages
MCQ Chapter No. 4 Grade Ix Physics
No ratings yet
MCQ Chapter No. 4 Grade Ix Physics
7 pages
Math1910 Final Fall 2023
No ratings yet
Math1910 Final Fall 2023
15 pages
Math 12 (English) Part 1 PDF
No ratings yet
Math 12 (English) Part 1 PDF
262 pages
KHK Miter Gears Catalog Guide
No ratings yet
KHK Miter Gears Catalog Guide
34 pages
1 2
No ratings yet
1 2
4 pages
AS CT1 2022 - Ms
No ratings yet
AS CT1 2022 - Ms
13 pages
Physics Problems for Students
No ratings yet
Physics Problems for Students
3 pages
Fazaia Inter College Korangi Creek 3 Bi-Monthly Progressive Worksheet, Jannuary, 2021
No ratings yet
Fazaia Inter College Korangi Creek 3 Bi-Monthly Progressive Worksheet, Jannuary, 2021
4 pages
Hot Air Oven Theoritical
No ratings yet
Hot Air Oven Theoritical
10 pages
2nd Final 6th Cbcs Result Gazette Revised 050725
No ratings yet
2nd Final 6th Cbcs Result Gazette Revised 050725
153 pages
Illusion of Freedom by PPEN & Erric NC .
No ratings yet
Illusion of Freedom by PPEN & Erric NC .
31 pages
2022 Midterm Exam
No ratings yet
2022 Midterm Exam
1 page
Isolated Towers, Masts and Poles Using Structural Steel - Code of Practice
No ratings yet
Isolated Towers, Masts and Poles Using Structural Steel - Code of Practice
68 pages
Face-Centered Cubic Problems
No ratings yet
Face-Centered Cubic Problems
11 pages
The Adventure
No ratings yet
The Adventure
8 pages
The Relationship Between Radon and Geology Sources
No ratings yet
The Relationship Between Radon and Geology Sources
34 pages
Elements in Mathematics Economics Basic Engineering Sciences and ME Laws
No ratings yet
Elements in Mathematics Economics Basic Engineering Sciences and ME Laws
79 pages