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Chemical Unit Operations: Lecture - 4

This document provides an overview of chemical unit operations. It discusses that chemical unit operations are the basics for chemical engineers to understand and consist of heat transfer, mass transfer, momentum transfer, and reactors. It defines a unit operation as any part of a potentially multiple-step process that can be considered to have a single function, such as separation, purification, mixing, and reaction processes. Examples of common unit operations and processes are also provided such as distillation, extraction, adsorption, and membranes. Criteria for selecting different separation unit operations are outlined.

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Putu Chiyoda
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104 views

Chemical Unit Operations: Lecture - 4

This document provides an overview of chemical unit operations. It discusses that chemical unit operations are the basics for chemical engineers to understand and consist of heat transfer, mass transfer, momentum transfer, and reactors. It defines a unit operation as any part of a potentially multiple-step process that can be considered to have a single function, such as separation, purification, mixing, and reaction processes. Examples of common unit operations and processes are also provided such as distillation, extraction, adsorption, and membranes. Criteria for selecting different separation unit operations are outlined.

Uploaded by

Putu Chiyoda
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chemical Unit Operations

Lecture -4

Dewi Tristantini Widodo W. Purwanto

Departemen Teknik Kimia Universitas Indonesia

Course Content

What is unit operation Description of unit process

Flowsheeting of Chemical Plant

What is Unit Operations (1)

Chemical unit operations is the basics for any newly graduated chemical engineer, this is the first step to understand the chemical engineering. Basically this is consist of the Heat transfer, Mass transfer, Momentum transfer and reactors

What is Unit Operations (2)

A unit operation is any part of potentially multiple-step process which can be considered to have a single function.

Examples of unit operations include: Separation Processes Purification Processes Mixing Processes Reaction Processes Power Generation Processes Heat Exchangers Transport processes

Chemical State
Rates Phase (L,S,G, G-L, G-S, L-S, L-L, G-L-S) T&P

Process and Equipments


Chemical Reaction Separations/Phase separation Movers Heat exchange Mixing and splitting
Reactors Separators Compressors, Pumps, Turbine, Expander, Valves Heat Exchangers, Process Heaters Mixers, Splitters

Separations
Distillation - Relative volatility a greater than 1.2 - Product thermally stable - Rate greater than 5,000-10,000 lbs/day - No corrosion, precipitation or explosion problems

Azeotropic/Extractive Distillation -Systems normally contain azeotropes - in solvent greater than for distillation -Solvent thermally stable and easily regenerable -Solvent commercially available (at a reasonable cost)

Extraction - Solvent selectivity greater than for distillation and greater than 1.5-2.0 - Solvent selective for low-concentration component - Energy costs high - Easy solvent recovery

Adsorption - Adsorbent selectivity greater than 2 for bulk separations and greater than 10-100 for purifications - High percentage solute removal - Acceptable delta loadings - Adsorbent not susceptible to rapid fouling - Bed(s) easily regenerable - Clean air/water projects

Membranes - Membrane selectivity greater than 10 (except for air separation) - Bulk separation, clean air/water projects and some trace removal - Acceptable fluxes - Membrane chemically stable - Membrane not susceptible to rapid fouling - Low to moderate feed rates

Assignment IV

Short presentation - unit operation/student group Content: what is?, brief description and photo

Thank You

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