2.
3 THE PROCESS TECHNOLOGY
Urea is produced by the synthesis of liquid ammonia and carbon dioxide. Ammonia and carbon
dioxide react to form carbamate, a portion of which dehydrates to form urea and water. Urea is
produced through a few types of technology this day. The technologies involved within the
process as gas recycle process, liquid recycle process, partial through process and once through
process to produce urea. Generally, the most common method used for the urea production is
total recycle process. The commercial technologies used this day are:
I.
II.
stripping of carbon dioxide
stripping of ammonia
III.
coal gasification
IV.
gas recycle
Table below shows technologies for each of the commercial production of benzene:
Table 1. : The Technologies Available for Production of Urea
Processes Production
Technologies
Once through process
Partial recycle process
Company
Coal gasification
Chematur Engineering
Group
Gas recycle process
CPI-Allied gas recycle
Liquid recycle process
Total recycle process
Carbon dioxide stripping
urea process
Gas & Liquid recycle process
Ammonia stripping
urea process
Stamicarbon
Perdaman Chemicals
and Fertilisers Pty Ltd
SNAMPROGETTI urea
technology