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(Massachusetts Institute of Technology: Mit Opencourseware)

This document summarizes a lecture on dielectric waveguides, which guide electromagnetic waves through confinement within a dielectric material. It presents the solutions to Maxwell's equations for waves guided within a dielectric slab. There are transverse magnetic (TM) and transverse electric (TE) modes. For the TM modes, the electric field is transverse while the magnetic field has a longitudinal component. Boundary conditions relating the fields on each side of the dielectric interface are used to derive the propagation constants. Cutoff frequencies are obtained when the propagation constant equals the wave number in the surrounding medium.

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124 views5 pages

(Massachusetts Institute of Technology: Mit Opencourseware)

This document summarizes a lecture on dielectric waveguides, which guide electromagnetic waves through confinement within a dielectric material. It presents the solutions to Maxwell's equations for waves guided within a dielectric slab. There are transverse magnetic (TM) and transverse electric (TE) modes. For the TM modes, the electric field is transverse while the magnetic field has a longitudinal component. Boundary conditions relating the fields on each side of the dielectric interface are used to derive the propagation constants. Cutoff frequencies are obtained when the propagation constant equals the wave number in the surrounding medium.

Uploaded by

asitiaf
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MIT OpenCourseWare

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6.013/ESD.013J Electromagnetics and Applications, Fall 2005

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6.013 - Electromagnetics and Applications

Fall 2005

Lecture 15 - Dielectric Waveguides


Prof. Markus Zahn

November 3, 2005

I. TM Solutions

From Electromagnetic Field Theory: A Problem Solving Approach, by Markus Zahn, 1987. Used with permission.

We are considering solutions with

=0
y

(xd) ej(tkz z)

x d

Re

A2 e

j(tk
z)
z
Ez (x, z, t) =
Re
(A1 sin(kx x) + B1 cos(kx x)) e
|x| d


+(x+d) j(tkz z)
x d
Re A3 e
e
kx2 + kz2 = 2

(in dielectric)

2 + kz2 = 2 0 0

(in free space)

For propagation in the dielectric and evanescence in free space


kz2 = 2 kx2 = 2 0 0 + 2
kz2 < 2 , kz2 > 2 0 0 2 0 0 < kz2 < 2

A. Odd Solutions [Ez (x, z, t) = Ez (x, z, t)]

(xd)

A2 e
z (x) = A1 sin(kx x)
E

A2 e(x+d)

xd
|x| d

x d

Ex jkz E
z = 0
E
x
jk
(xd) x > d
z

A2 e
x =

jkz A1 cos(kx x) |x| < d

E
k

jkxz

A2 e(x+d)
x < d

= H H
x = 0, H
z = 0
E
t

z
1
E
y =
x
H
jkz E
j
x
j
(xd) x d
0

A2 e
=
j
kx A1 cos(kx x) |x| d

0 A2 e(x+d)
x d
Boundary Conditions
Ez (x = d+ ) = Ez (x = d ) A1 sin(kx d) = A2
0

j
j
Hy (x = d+ ) = Hy (x = d )
+
A2 = + A1 cos(kx d)
kx

A1
1
kx 0
0 kx
=
=
=
tan(kx d)
A2
sin(kx d)
cos(kx d)

Critical condition for a guided wave occurs when = 0. At this point


kx d = n, kz2 = 2 0 0
n 2
d

+ 2 0 0 = 2 2 =

(n/d)2
, n = 1, 2, 3, . . .
0 0

For real frequencies ( 2 > 0), > 0 0

B. Even Solutions [Ez (x, z, t) = +Ez (x, z, t)]

(xd)

B2 e
z (x) = B1 cos(kx x)
E

(x+d)
B2 e

xd
|x| d
x d

x
E
z = 0
jkz E
x

jk
(xd) x > d
z

B2 e
x =
jkz B1 sin(kx x)

E
|x| < d

jkxz
(x+d)
x < d
B2 e
2

j
(xd)
0

B2 e
j
y =

H
kx B1 sin(kx x)

j
(x+d)
0
B2 e

xd
|
x| d

x d

Boundary Conditions
Ez (x = d+ ) = Ez (x = d ) B2 = B1 cos(kx d)
j0
j
Hy (x = d+ ) = Hy (x = d )
B2 =
B1 sin(kx d)

kx
B2

0 kx
= cos(kx d) =
sin(kx d) =
cot(kx d)
B1
0 kx

Critical Condition: = 0 kx d = (2n + 1) , kz2 = 2 0 0


2

2
2

(2n+1)
2d

n = 0, 1, 2, . . .

0 0

II. TE Solutions
A. Odd Solutions

(xd)

A2 e
z =
A1 sin(kx x)
H

A2 e(xd)

xd
|x| d

x d

= Hx + Hz
Hx jkz H
z = 0

H
x
z

x
jk
(xd)
z

A2 e
x =

jkz A1 cos(kx x)
H
k

jkxz

A2 e(x+d)

=
E
E
x = 0, E
z = 0

H
t

y = jkz H
x Hz
jE
x

j
(xd)
0

A2 e

Ey = j
kx A1 cos(kx x)

j
(x+d)
0
A2 e

x>d
|x| < d

x < d

xd
|x| d

x d

Boundary Conditions

j
j
y (x = d+ ) = E
y (x = d )
E
A2 = A1 cos(kx d)
kx

Hz (x = d+ ) = Hz (x = d ) A2 = A1 sin(kx d)
A2

0 kx
= sin(kx d) =
cos(kx d) =
tan(kx d)
A1
0 kx

B. Even Solutions

z
H

x
H

y
E

(xd)

xd
B2 e
=
B1 cos(kx x) |x| d

B2 e(x+d)
x d
jk
(xd) x > d
z

B2 e
jkz
=
kx B1 sin(kx x)
|x| < d

jkz
(x+d)
x < d
B2 e
j
(xd)
0

xd
B2 e
j
=
kx B1 sin(kx x) |x| d

j0

B2 e(x+d) x d

j
j
y (x = d+ ) = E
y (x = d )
E
B2 = B1 sin(kx d)
kx

z (x = d+ ) = H
z (x = d ) B2 = B1 cos(kx d)
H
B2

0 kx
= cos(kx d) =
sin(kx d) =
cot(kx d)
B1
0 kx

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