Health Science Grade 10: Unit 2, Lesson 1 Nutrients

Type of Work: Teams/Group

Product: Class notes & MindMap
Class Time: 1 Period
Teacher: Ms. Sarina Promthong Due: 1 Day Class of Note-Taking/ 1
Day of MindMapping
Concept: The function of eating is not just to meet our hunger needs.
We often fail to realize that food acts as our fuels. This fuel is enriched
with vital nutrients; and every one of these nutrients has a specialized
purpose to fulfill for our nourishment needs. Nutrients are these nourishing substances that we obtain
from food that are vital for growth and maintenance of a healthy body throughout life. There are 6
classes of nutrients found in food and are all essential for regulating a wide array of bodily functions.
Goal: Identify the six main classes of nutrients and provide an overview of each nutrient (functions,
quality food sources, etc). Each nutrient will have nutrient-specific content as well (complex vs. simple
carbs, sat. vs. unsat fats, etc).

Content and
Learning
Targets

Learnin
g
Targets

Origi
nality
and
Creat
ivity

Maxim
ation
of
Media
Type

Collabo
rative
and
Cohesiv
e

Use of
Time
Grou
p &
Particip
ation

Details
missing or
inaccurate.
No
understan
ding
demonstra
ted as all
informatio
n was
cut/paste.

Expresses
no
creativity
and/or
original
thought
on behalf
of the
student.

No Media
Used.
incorporated
any media
into their
presentation
.

The
Mindmap
structure
was
different for
each
student.

Group did
not use time
wisely ,did
not split
task equally
or fairly.
People
stopped
when their
part was
done.

Limited
research;
limited
understan
ding of
learning
targets
based on
inaccuracy
or straight
cut/pasting
.

Rather
plain and
shows
little to
no
creativity
on behalf
of the
student(s
)

Student
(s) have
scratched
the
surface of
the
media/tec
h method

Mindmap
structure
and
organizatio
n
prevented
a clear
understan
ding of
content.

Multiple
times
where
group was
off task
and it was
clear group
work was
not
delegated.
People
stopped

(Resources
Linked)

Provide
Definition/Overvie
w
of each Nutrient
-Identify Quality
Food
Sources High in
Nutrient

Provide the Major

Functions of
Each Nutrient

after their
job was
done.

Provide the
Recommended
Daily Intake Based
on a 2,000 calorie
Diet of Each
Nutrient

Provide Nutrient
Specific
Information for
Each Nutrient

LEVEL 5/X-Tra
Credit
Question Available
for Each
Nutrient!!!!

Level 5 Programs to Try:

Good
Research;
fairly
accurate
understan
ding of
learning
targets,
general
informatio
n lacking
details at
points.

Shows
some
creativity
and is
visually
appealin
g.

Students
have used
all but the
most
difficult to
master
forms of
the media
or
technology.

Most of the
students
MindMap
was
similiar in
the
targeted
structure
and
layout .

Group was
productive
but had
periods of
time where
they were
off task or
not
working
together.

Compreh
ensive
Research;
clear and
accurate
understa
nding of
learning
targets;
detailed
and
thorough

Unique
and
attractiv
e while
represen
ting the
students
original
thoughts
and
creativity
.

Student(s)
have
mastered
the
media/tech
method
and
maximized
its use for
this
project.

It was
clear that
the entire
group
worked to
form a
cohesive
(similar
format and
layout)
mindmap
that was
easy to
follow from
one topic
to another.

Group was
productive
and on
task the
entire
time. All
group
members
worked
together to
complete
product.

Popplet

Memofon

WiseMapping

Spiderscribe

Coggle

Directions:
1. You will work in groups of 4, Decide your group.
2. ONE PERSON make a copy of this document (Click File, Make a copy, title the docuemnt
Class_Nutrients, and share to your group members)

3. Decide who is going to take each class of Nutrients

Linked for Content Outline(Carbohydrates, Fats, Proteins, Vitamins, Minerals, Water)
4. Look at the content below and how it is organized by level and get going on your portion.

DefinedQuality Food SourcesRecommeded Daily IntakeNutrient Specific Info X- Credit

5. Before the class ends, ONE PERSON share your group file to [email protected] for progress
check, group with most done in class get the most in-class assignment score
6. Complete the below class notes, use the provided resources to help you complete it before
MindMapping next class.

Resources: Teacher Notes Web Resources 1 2 3

5 6
CLASS 10_01_________

Overview of Nutrients
Name of Persons ( Frongky )
What are Nutrients: subtances in food that give energy, body process,growth and repair body.
What are the 6 Classes of Nutrients (list Them): carbohydrates,lipid/fat, protein,vitamins,minerals,water
What are Macro Nutrients and List Their Calories:carbohydrates, lipid/fat, protien / 4:9:4
List the Major Functions of Nutrients
1.build and repair cell
2. regulate body processes
3.provide energy
4. disease prevention
What Factors Influence Different Nutritional Requirements:

the quality and quantity of the food they eat, and

also digestive system too.

Carbohydrates
Name of Persons ( Frongky )
Define/What is the Nutrient/Overview
Large group of organic compound to be a food and living tissue.
Quality food sources (What types of healthy food are high in this nutrient)
fruit and vegetable
Pictures

1.

2.

3.

List the Major Function(s)of the nutrients

function of carbohydrates

4.

1. Providing energy and regulation of blood glucose.

2. Sparing to use of protiens for energy.
3. Breakdown of fatty acids and preventing ketosis.
4. Dietary fiber.
Recommended Daily Intake (Based on a 2000 calorie Diet) How much are you supposed to have?
Each person has not the same ampont of carbohydrates. 40%-60%
Nutrient Specific Info

Simple Carbs:

Complex Carbs:

Defined : the glucose that consists of a single

monosaccharide unite.

Defined -- the starch that consists of two or more

monosaccharide unite.
Examples (Picture)

Examples (Picture)

Fast Burning Carb.

Explained: the simple chemical structure
allow absorb very fast.
Nutrient Quality (High or Low):

low

Slow Burning Carbs

Explained: the complex chemical structure
allow to absorb slowly.
Nutrient Quality (High or

Low): high

Type 2 Diabetes and Simple Carbs?

Explain the Impact of Simple Sugars on Blood Sugar : when you eat a lot of simple carbs. Your blood
will absorb huge amount og sugar.
Define Type 2 Diabetes Obesity, and Malnutrition.
Health Consequences (Type 2 Diabetes) obesity: the condition of being overweight. Malnutrition: the
state for lack of nutrition-- not eat enough food or not eat enough right thing.

Glycemic Index
Define/Explain it a scale of raise the suger in the blood reference to food.
3 High GI Foods -- white bread, jams, and soft drink.
3 Low GI Foods -- whole-grain breads, beans, and potatoes.

Fats
Name of Persons ( Gear )
Define/What is the Nutrient/Overview
Quality food sources (What types of healthy food are high in this nutrient)
Pictures

1.
2.
3.
4.
List the Major Function(s)of the nutrient
1.To keep body warm
2.Can convert into energy
3.use to build new cells and is critical for normal brain development and nerve function.
4.mostly stored in the body's adipose,but is also found in blood plasma and other body cells.
Recommended Daily Intake (Based on a 2000 calorie Diet) How much are you suppose to take?
Nutrient Specific Info

UnSaturated Fat

Saturated Fat

Trans Fat

Food Sources
Picture(s) of Source
Heart Health
Stat or Explain Impact on Heart

Food Sources
Picture(s) of Source
Heart Health
Stat or Explain Impact on Heart

Food Sources
Picture(s) of Source
Heart Health
Stat or Explain Impact on Heart

Proteins
Name of Persons ( put )
Define/What is the Nutrient/Overview
Quality food sources, nutrients can provide us an energy and anything that a nourishes living being
(What types of healthy food are high in this nutrient)
Pictures

1.
2.
3.
4.
List the Major Function(s)of the nutrient
1. build muscles
2. provide energy
3. Protein is involved in the creation of some hormones.
4. maintenance of body tissue, development and repair.
Recommended Daily Intake (Based on a 2000 calorie Diet) How much are you supposed to have?
-

It depend on daily activities. If you dont do hard exerecises or activities that require a lot energy
then you only need 2000 cal./day, but we can take only 1500-1800 cal/day for people who dont
excercise as well
Amino Acids Defined - small part of protein

Complete Proteins:
Defined - is a source of protein that
contains all nine essential amino acids
Examples

Complex Carbs: is the carbohydrate that give us a

lot of energy and last in a long period of time.
Examples (Pictures)

Vitamins
Name of Persons ( Boom )
Define/What are these Nutrients/Overview
Vitamins are substances that your body needs to grow and develop normally

Quality food sources (What types of healthy food are high in this nutrient)
Fruit and Vegetable
Pictures

1.

2.

3.
4.
List the Major Function(s)of the nutrients
1.Makes proteins that cause our blood to clot, when you are bleeding.
2.Vitamins dont give you calories or energy but do help you stay healthy.
3.Allows your body to use protien, fat and carbohydrate from food.
4.Helps with nergy production in your body.
Nutrient Specific Info
Vitamins do not provide calories or energy. It does not help you stay healthy. You can not make
vitamins, so you need to get from the food you eat. Vitamins are needed only in small amounts and
most people can meet their needs by following vitamins. "Eating Well with Canada's Food Guide" and
eating a variety of healthy foods. Some people may need extra vitamins to help them meet their special
needs.

Vitamins
Fat Soluble
Vs.
WaterSoluble 4 Examples of Fat
Solude Vitamin A, D, E, and K
2 Examples of WaterSoluble Vitamin
B complex and C

Do you need to take a multivitamin?

Yes.

Vitamin and mineral supplements can be costly, but taking them often makes us feel like we are doing the right
thing for our health. Unfortunately, a number of research studies--including the extensive Iowa Women's Healthy
Study--indicate that supplements are not always beneficial. Worse yet, supplementing with certain vitamins and
minerals may cause harm

Minerals
Name of Persons ( Gear )
Define/What are these two Nutrients/Overview
Quality food sources (What types of healthy food are high in this nutrient)
- Sodium, Chloride, Potassium ,Calcium ,Phosphorus ,Magnesium ,Sulfer
Pictures

1.

2.

3.
4.
List the Major Function(s)of the nutrients
1.Help muscles relax and contract.
2.Needed for energy and endulance.
3.Needed for energy metabolism.
4.Needed for proper fluid balance nerve transmission and muscle contraction.
Nutrient Specific Info

Minerals
Macro

Vs.

Trace

3 Examples
(Sodium , Choride ,Potassium) = Macro
3 Examples
(Iron , Zinc , Iodine) = Trace

Water
Name of Persons ( Boom )
Define/What is the Nutrient/Overview
Quality food sources (What types of healthy food are high in this nutrient)
water
Pictures

1.

2.

3.
4.
List the Major Function(s)of the nutrient
1.Water makes up more than two-thirds of the weight of the human body.
2.With out water, humans would die in a few days.
3.It makes up saliva and the fluids surrounding the joints.
4. Water regulates the body temperature through perspiration

Recommended Daily Intake (Based on a 2000 calorie Diet) How much are you supposed to have?
0 calories.

Nutrient Specific Info

ter is the major component of the human body is divided as follows.

Since the fetal water content greater than 97%.

Since the baby after birth, more than 80% water content.
As we grew more than 70% water content in the body.
When we age, the body of water as a component in more than 60%.
When men aged 99 years or more than 50% water content.

The water was a major factor in human life at different stages of life.
Water is an important part in regulating the function of the organ.
The body to be Was normal apart from Water also helps dissolve vitamins and minerals that are
beneficial. Including the circulation to bring nutrients to the cells of the body.

70% of Body That is Water

How Much Do You Need? (Research vs. Myths)

1.9 liters per day
How Do You Know You are Dehydrated? (Must be correct answer)

Dry, sticky mouth

Sleepiness or tiredness children are likely to be less active than usual
Thirst

 Decreased urine output

No wet diapers for three hours for infants
Few or no tears when crying
Dry skin
Headache
Constipation
Dizziness or lightheadedness

Learning About Carbohydrates

You've probably seen ads for low-carb foods and diets, but kids and adults need carbohydrates(say: kar-bo-hi-draytz).
Most foods contain carbohydrates, which the body breaks down into simple sugars the major source of energy for the
body.

Two Types of Carbohydrates

There are two major types of carbohydrates (or carbs) in foods: simple and complex.
Simple carbohydrates: These are also called simple sugars. Simple sugars are found in refined sugars, like the white
sugar you'd find in a sugar bowl. If you have a lollipop, you're eating simple carbs. But you'll also find simple sugars in
more nutritious foods, such as fruit and milk. It's better to get your simple sugars from food like fruit and milk. Why?
Because sugar isn't added to these foods and they also contain vitamins, fiber, and important nutrients like calcium. A
lollipop has lots of added sugar and doesn't contain important nutrients.
Complex carbohydrates: These are also called starches. Starches include grain products, such as bread, crackers,
pasta, and rice. As with simple sugars, some complex carbohydrate foods are better choices than others. Refined (say:
ree-find) grains, such as white flour and white rice, have been processed, which removes nutrients and fiber. But
unrefined grains still contain thesevitamins and minerals. Unrefined grains also are rich in fiber, which helps your digestive
system work well. Fiber helps you feel full, so you are less likely to overeat these foods. That explains why a bowl of
oatmeal fills you up better than sugary candy with the same amount of calories as the oatmeal.
So which type of carbs should you eat? Both can be part of a healthy diet.

How the Body Uses Carbohydrates

When you eat carbs, your body breaks them down into simple sugars, which are absorbed into the bloodstream. As the
sugar level rises in your body, the pancreas releases a hormone called insulin. Insulin is needed to move sugar from the
blood into the cells, where the sugar can be used as a source of energy.
When this process goes fast as with simple sugars you're more likely to feel hungry again soon. When it occurs more
slowly, as with a whole-grain food, you'll be satisfied longer. These types of complex carbohydrates give you energy over a
longer period of time.
The carbs in some foods (mostly those that contain a lot of simple sugars) cause the blood sugar level to rise more
quickly than others. Scientists have been studying whether eating foods that cause big jumps in blood sugar may be

related to health problems like diabetes and heart disease.

You're probably already on the right track if you are limiting simple sugars (such as candy) and eating more complex
carbohydrates (like vegetables, oatmeal, and whole-grain wheat bread).
Reviewed by: Mary L. Gavin, MD Date reviewed: September 2011 Available url:
http://kidshealth.org/kid/nutrition/food/carb.html#

Learning About Fats

Fat is a component in food. Some foods, including most fruits and vegetables, have almost no fat. Other foods have plenty
of fat. They include nuts, oils, butter, and meats like beef.
The name fat may make it sound like something you shouldn't eat. But fat is an important part of a healthy diet. And
little kids, especially, need a certain amount of fat in their diets so thebrain and nervous system develop correctly. That's
why toddlers need to drink whole milk, which has more fat, and older kids can drink low-fat or skim milk.

Doing the Math

How much fat should you eat? Experts say kids older than 2 should get about 30% of their daily calories from fat. Here's
how that works. Every day, you eat a certain amount of calories. For instance, some kids will eat 2,000 calories in a day. If
30% of 2,000 calories comes from fat, that means that 600 calories will come from fat. You can look at a food label to learn
how many grams of fat are in a serving of a food. Labels also list the total calories from fat.
One way to reach this goal is to eat foods that are about 30% fat. But few foods contain exactly 30% fat. Instead, you can
eat a mix of foods some with higher percentages of fat and some with lower percentages so that you still meet that
goal of 30% of calories from fat.
Here's a sample menu to help you reach that goal. It includes a peanut butter and jelly sandwich, milk, and an apple. The
peanut butter is high in fat, but it's a nutritious food and the overall total from the whole meal is about 30% from fat.

Two slices of bread = 13% fat (30 of 230 calories from fat)
Two tablespoons of peanut butter = 75% fat (140 of 190 calories from fat)
One tablespoon of jelly = 0% fat (0 of 50 calories from fat)
One cup of 1% milk = 18 % (20 of 110 calories from fat)
Apple = 0% (0 of 80 calories from fat)
Total = 29% fat (190 of 660 calories from fat)

Types of Fat
You might see ads for foods that say they're "low-fat" or "fat-free." Lower-fat diets have been recommended for health and
to help people lose weight. But nutrition experts are finding that fats are more complicated and that some kinds of fat are
actually good for your health. As a bonus, fat in food helps people feel satisfied, so they don't eat as much.
But that doesn't mean a high-fat diet will be good for you. And some fats are better than others. Here are the three major
types:

Unsaturated fats: These are found in plant foods and fish. These may be good for heart health. The best of the
unsaturated fats are found in olive oil, peanut oil, canola oil, albacore tuna, and salmon.
Saturated fats: These fats are found in meat and other animal products, such as butter, cheese, and all milk except skim.
Saturated fats are also in palm and coconut oils, which are often used in commercial baked goods (the kind you buy at the
store). Eating too much saturated fat can raise blood cholesterol levels and increase the risk of heart disease.
Trans fats: These fats are found in margarine, especially the sticks. Trans fats are also found in certain foods that you buy
at the store or in a restaurant, such as snack foods, baked goods, and fried foods. When you see "hydrogenated" or
"partially hydrogenated" oils on an ingredient list, the food contains trans fats. Trans fats are also listed on the food label.
Like saturated fats, trans fats can raise cholesterol and increase the risk of heart disease.

Why Do We Need Fat?

Dietary fat helps a kid's body grow and develop like it should. Fats fuel the body and help absorb some vitamins. They also
are the building blocks of hormones and they insulate nervous system tissue in the body.
So fat is not the enemy, but you'll want to choose the right amount and the right kind of fat. If you're getting most of
your fat from lean meats, fish, and heart-healthy oils, you've already made fat your friend!
Reviewed by: Mary L. Gavin, MD Date reviewed: October 2011 Available url:
http://kidshealth.org/kid/stay_healthy/food/fat.html?tracking=K_RelatedArticle#

Learning About Proteins

You probably know you need to eat protein, but what is it? Many foods contain protein (say: pro-teen), but the best sources
are beef, poultry, fish, eggs, dairy products, nuts, seeds, and legumes like black beans and lentils.
Protein builds, maintains, and replaces the tissues in your body. (Not the tissues you blow your nose in! We mean the stuff
your body's made up of.) Your muscles, your organs, and your immune system are made up mostly of protein.
Your body uses the protein you eat to make lots of specialized protein molecules that have specific jobs. For instance, your
body uses protein to make hemoglobin (say: hee-muh-glow-bin), the part of red blood cells that carries oxygen to every
part of your body.
Other proteins are used to build cardiac muscle. What's that? Your heart! In fact, whether you're running or just hanging
out, protein is doing important work like moving your legs, moving your lungs, and protecting you from disease.

All About Amino Acids

When you eat foods that contain protein, the digestive juices in your stomach and intestine go to work. They break down
the protein in food into basic units, called amino acids (say uh-mee-no a-sids). The amino acids then can be reused to make
the proteins your body needs to maintain muscles, bones, blood, and body organs.
Proteins are sometimes described as long necklaces with differently shaped beads. Each bead is a small amino acid. These
amino acids can join together to make thousands of different proteins. Scientists have found many different amino acids in

protein, but 22 of them are very important to human health.

Of those 22 amino acids, your body can make 13 of them without you ever thinking about it. Your body can't make the
other nine amino acids, but you can get them by eating protein-rich foods. They are called essential amino acids because
it's essential that you get them from the foods you eat.

Different Kinds of Protein

Protein from animal sources, such as meat and milk, is called complete, because it contains all nine of the essential amino
acids. Most vegetable protein is considered incomplete because it lacks one or more of the essential amino acids. This can
be a concern for someone who doesn't eat meat or milk products. But people who eat a vegetarian diet can still get all their
essential amino acids by eating a wide variety of protein-rich vegetable foods.

Reviewed by: Mary L. Gavin, MD Date reviewed: October 2011 Available url:
http://kidshealth.org/kid/nutrition/food/protein.html#cat20132

Vitamins and Minerals

Breakfast cereals advertise that they're packed with vitamins and minerals. Sports drinks claim they can rev up your
flagging energy with a jolt of vitamins or minerals (sorry, but even powerful vitamins and minerals can't act that fast!).
You know vitamins and minerals are good for you. But which ones does your body really need? And is it possible to get
too much of a good thing?

What Are Vitamins and Minerals?

Vitamins and minerals make people's bodies work properly. Although you get vitamins and minerals from the foods you
eat every day, some foods have more vitamins and minerals than others.
Vitamins fall into two categories: fat soluble and water soluble. The fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E, and K dissolve in
fat and can be stored in your body. The water-soluble vitamins C and the B-complex vitamins (such as vitamins B6,
B12, niacin, riboflavin, and folate) need to dissolve in water before your body can absorb them. Because of this, your
body can't store these vitamins. Any vitamin C or B that your body doesn't use as it passes through your system is lost
(mostly when you pee). So you need a fresh supply of these vitamins every day.
Whereas vitamins are organic substances (made by plants or animals), minerals are inorganic elements that come from
the soil and water and are absorbed by plants or eaten by animals. Your body needs larger amounts of some minerals,
such as calcium, to grow and stay healthy. Other minerals like chromium, copper, iodine, iron, selenium, and zinc are
called trace minerals because you only need very small amounts of them each day.

What Do Vitamins and Minerals Do?

Vitamins and minerals boost the immune system, support normal growth and development, and help cells and organs do
their jobs. For example, you've probably heard that carrots are good for your eyes. It's true! Carrots are full of substances
called carotenoids that your body converts into vitamin A, which helps prevent eye problems.
Another vitamin, vitamin K, helps blood to clot (so cuts and scrapes stop bleeding quickly). You'll find vitamin K in green
leafy vegetables, broccoli, and soybeans. And to have strong bones, you need to eat foods such as milk, yogurt, and
green leafy vegetables, which are rich in the mineral calcium.
Teen Health, Reviewed by: Mary L. Gavin, MD. Date reviewed: March 2013 Available url:
http://kidshealth.org/teen/food_fitness/nutrition/vitamins_minerals.html#

Why Drinking Water Is the Way to Go

What do you, the trees, and a hamster have in common? Give up? You all need water. All living things must have water to
survive, whether they get it from a water fountain, a rain cloud, or a little bottle attached to the side of a hamster cage.
Without water, your body would stop working properly. Water makes up more than half of your body weight and a person can't
survive for more than a few days without it. Why? Your body has lots of important jobs and it needs water to do many of them.
For instance, your blood, which contains a lot of water, carries oxygen to all the cells of your body. Without oxygen, those tiny
cells would die and your body would stop working.
Water is also in lymph (say: limf), a fluid that is part of your immune system, which helps you fight off illness. You need water to
digest your food and get rid of waste, too. Water is needed for digestive juices, urine (pee), and poop. And you can bet that water
is the main ingredient in perspiration, also called sweat.
In addition to being an important part of the fluids in your body, each cell depends on water to function normally.
Your body doesn't get water only from drinking water. Any fluid you drink will contain water, but water and milk are the best
choices. Lots of foods contain water, too. Fruit contains quite a bit of water, which you could probably tell if you've ever bitten into
a peach or plum and felt the juices dripping down your chin! Vegetables, too, contain a lot of water think of slicing into a fat
tomato from the garden or crunching into a crisp stalk of celery.

How Much Is Enough?

Since water is so important, you might wonder if you're drinking enough. There is no magic amount of water that kids need to
drink every day. Usually, kids like to drink something with meals and should definitely drink when they are thirsty. But when it's
warm out or you're exercising, you'll need more. Be sure to drink some extra water when you're out in warm weather, especially
while playing sports or exercising.
When you drink is also important. If you're going to sports practice, a game, or just working out or playing hard, drink water
before, during, and after playing. Don't forget your water bottle. You can't play your best when you're thinking about how thirsty
you are!
When your body doesn't have enough water, that's called being dehydrated. Dehydration also can keep you from being as fast
and as sharp as you'd like to be. A bad case of dehydration can make you sick. So keep that water bottle handy when the weather
warms up! Not only does water fight dehydration, but it's awfully refreshing and has no calories.
Your body can help you stay properly hydrated by regulating the amount of water in your system. The body can hold on to water
when you don't have enough or get rid of it if you have too much. If your pee has ever been very light yellow, your body might
have been getting rid of excess water. When your pee is very dark yellow, it's holding on to water, so it's probably time to drink
up.
You can help your body by drinking when you're thirsty and drinking extra water when it's warm out. Your body will be able to do
all of its wonderful, waterful jobs and you'll feel great!
Kids Health Reviewed by: Mary L. Gavin, MD Date reviewed: October 2012 Available Url:

http://kidshealth.org/kid/nutrition/food/water.html#cat20132