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Problem

Analyse and Design a single span portal frame with gabled roof. The frame
has a span of 15 m, the column height 6m and the rafter rise 3m. Purlins are
provided @ 2.5 m c/c.

D
5mc/c

3m
C

F
0.6 m

0.6 m

30 m

6m

3.25 m

G
15 m

15 m

Load

1.0 Load Calculation

1.1

Dead Load

Weight of asbestos sheeting

Fixings
Services
Weight of purlin

=
=
=
=

Total load /m2

0.17 kN/m2
0.025 kN/m2
0.100 kN/m2
0.100 kN/m2
--------------0.395 kN/m2
---------------

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Dead load/m run

1.2

= 0.395 * 5
= 1.975 kN / m
2.0 kN/m

Live Load

Angle of rafter = tan-1 (3/7.5) = 21.80

From IS: 875 (part 2) 1987; Table 2 (cl 4.1),

Live load / m run

0.75

0.02 (21.8

10) * 5

= 2.57 kN/m
1.3 Crane Loading
Overhead electric crane capacity

= 300 kN

Approximate weight of crane girder = 300 kN

Weight of crab

= 60 kN

The extreme position of crane hook is assumed as 1 m from the centre line of
rail. The span of crane is approximately taken as 13.8 m. And the wheel
base has been taken as 3.8 m
1.3.1 Vertical load
The weight of the crane is shared equally by four wheels on both sides. The
reaction on wheel due to the lifted weight and the crab can be obtained by
taking moments about the centreline of wheels.
( 300 + 60 )
B

300
6.9 m

1m
13.8 m

MB = 0

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2 RF (13.8) = (300 + 60) * 1 + 300 * (6.90)

RF = 88 kN
MF = 0
2 RB (13.8) = (300 + 60) * (13.8-1) + 300 * (6.9)
RB = 242 kN
To get maximum wheel load on a frame from gantry girder BB', taking the
gantry girder as simply supported.
242 kN
B'

242 kN

3.8 m
5m

Centre to centre distance between frames is 5 m c/c.

Assuming impact @ 25%
Maximum wheel Load @ B = 1.25 (242 (1 + (5-3.8)/5)
= 375 kN.
Minimum wheel Load @ B = (88 /242)*375
=136.4 kN
1.3.2 Transverse Load:
Lateral load per wheel = 5% (300 + 60)/2 = 9 kN
(i.e. Lateral load is assumed as 5% of the lifted load and the weight of the
trolley acting on each rail).
9
Lateral load on each column
*375 = 13.9 kN
242
(By proportion)

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1.4

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Wind Load

Design wind speed, Vz = k1 k2 k3 Vb

From Table 1; IS: 875 (part 3) 1987
k1 = 1.0 (risk coefficient assuming 50 years of design life)
From Table 2;IS: 875 (part 3) 1987
k2 = 0.8 (assuming terrain category 4)
k3 = 1.0 (topography factor)
Assuming the building is situated in Chennai, the basic wind speed is
50 m /sec
Design wind speed,

Vz = k1 k2 k3 Vb
Vz = 1 * 0.8 *1 * 50
Vz = 40 m/sec

Basic design wind pressure, Pd = 0.6*Vz2

= 0.6 * (40)2
= 0.96 kN/m2
1.4.1. Wind Load on individual surfaces

The wind load, WL acting normal to the individual surfaces is given by

WL = (Cpe Cpi ) A*Pd
(a) Internal pressure coefficient
Assuming buildings with low degree of permeability
Cpi =

0.2

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(b) External pressure coefficient

External pressure coefficient for walls and roofs are tabulated in Table 1 (a)
and Table 1(b)
1.4.2 Calculation of total wind load
(a) For walls
h/w = 6/15 = 0.4
L/w = 30/15 = 2.0

h
w

Exposed area of wall per frame @ 5 m c/c

is
A = 5 * 6 = 30 m2

w
elevation

plan
For walls, A pd = 30 * 0.96 = 28.8 kN
Table 1 (a): Total wind load for wall
Cpe

Wind
Angle

Cpi

Windward

Leeward

00

0.7

-0.25

900

-0.5

-0.5

0.2
-0.2
0.2
-0.2

Cpe Cpi
Wind
ward

Lee
ward

Total wind(kN)
(Cpe-Cpi )Apd
Wind
Lee
ward
ward

0.5
0.9
-0.7
-0.3

-0.45
-0.05
-0.7
-0.3

14.4
25.9
-20.2
-8.6

-12.9
-1.4
-20.2
-8.6

(b) For roofs

Exposed area of each sloping roof per frame @ 5 m c/c is

5*

3.0

7.5

40.4 m 2

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For roof, Apd = 38.7 kN

Table 1 (b): Total wind load for roof

Pressure Coefficient

Wind
angle

900

2.0

Cpe Cpi

Cpe

Cpe

Cpi

Wind
ward

Wind
-0.328
-0.328
-0.7
-0.7

Lee
-0.4
-0.4
-0.7
-0.7

0.2
-0.2
0.2
-0.2

-0.528
-0.128
-0.9
-0.5

Lee
ward
-0.6
-0.2
-0.9
-0.5

Total Wind Load(kN)

(Cpe Cpi) Apd
Wind
Lee
ward
ward
Int.
Int.
-20.4
-23.2
-4.8
-7.8
-34.8
-34.8
-19.4
-19.4

Equivalent Load Calculation

2.1 Dead Load

Dead Load = 2.0 kN/m
Replacing the distributed dead load on rafter by equivalent concentrated
loads at two intermediate points on each
rafter,
WD

2.0* 15
6

5kN

2.2 Superimposed Load

15 m

Superimposed Load = 2.57 kN/m

Concentrated load , W L

2.57 * 15
6

6.4 kN/ purlin

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2.3 Crane Load

Maximum Vertical Load on columns = 375 kN (acting at an eccentricity of

600 mm from column centreline)
Moment on column = 375 *0.6 = 225 kNm.
Minimum Vertical Load on Column = 136.4 kN (acting at an eccentricity of
600 mm)
Maximum moment = 136.4 * 0.6 = 82 kNm
3.0

Partial Safety Factors

3.1

Load Factors

For dead load, f = 1.5

For major live load, f = 1.5
For minor live load or defined live load,
3.2
m

4.0

= 1.05

Material Safety factor

= 1.10
Analysis

In this example, the following load combinations are considered, as they are
found to be critical.
Similar steps can be followed for plastic analysis under other load
combinations.
(i)

1.5D.L + 1.05 C .L + 1.5 W.L

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1.5 D.L + 1.05 C.L+ 1.5 L.L

4.1. 1.5 D.L + 1.05 C.L+ 1.5 W.L

4.1.1Dead Load and Wind Load
(a) Vertical Load
w @ intermediate points on windward side
w = 1.5 * 5.0 1.5 *(4.8/3) cos21.8
= 5.27 kN.
w
@ eaves
2

5.27
2

2.635 kN

w @ intermediate points on leeward side

w = 1.5 * 5.0 1.5 * 7.8/3 cos21.8
= 3.88 kN
w
@ eaves
2

3.88
2

1.94 kN

Total vertical load @ the ridge = 2.635 + 1.94 = 4.575 kN

b) Horizontal Load
H @ intermediate points on windward side
H = 1.5 * 4.8/3 sin 21.8
= 0.89 kN

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= 0.89/2 = 0.445 kN

H @ intermediate purlin points on leeward side

= 1.5 * 7.8 /3 sin 21.8
= 1.45 kN
H/2 @ eaves
= 0.725 kN
Total horizontal load @ the ridge = 0.725 - 0.445 = 0.28 kN
Table 3: Loads acting on rafter points

Intermediate
Points
Eaves
Ridge

Vertical Load (kN)

Windward Leeward
5.27
3.88
2.635
1.94
4.575

Horizontal Load (kN)

Windward Leeward
0.89
1.45
0.445
0.725
0.28

4.1.2 Crane Loading

Moment @ B
= 1.05 * 225 = 236.25 kNm
Moment @ F
= 1.05 * 82 = 86.1 kNm
Horizontal load @ B & @ F = 1.05 * 13.9 = 14.6 kN

Note: To find the total moment @ B and F we have to consider the moment
due to the dead load from the weight of the rail and the gantry girder. Let us
assume the weight of rail as 0.3 kN/m and weight of gantry girder as 2.0
kN/m

Dead load on the column =

2 0.3
*5
2

5.75 kN

Factored moment @ B & F = 1.05 * 5.75 * 0.6 = 3.623 kNm

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Total moment @ B = 236.25 + 3.623 = 239.9 kNm

@ F = 86.1 + 3.623 = 89.7 kNm
4.575 kN
5.27 kN
0.89 kN
5.27 kN
0.89 kN
2.635 kN
0.445 kN

0.28 kN
3.88 kN
1.45 kN
3.88 kN
1.45 kN
1.94 kN
0.725 kN

3m

89.7

239.9
14.6 kN

6m

14.6 kN
3.25 m

38.85 kN

2.1 kN

15 m
Factored Load (1.5D.L+1.05 C.L +1.5 W.L)
4.2

1.5 D.L + 1.05 C.L + 1.5 L.L

4.2.1 Dead Load and Live Load

@ intermediate points on windward side = 1.5 * 5.0 + 1.5 * 6.4
= 17.1 kN
@ ridge = 17.1 kN
@ eaves = 17.1 / 2

8.55 kN.

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4.2.2 Crane Load

Moment @ B = 239.9 kNm
Horizontal load @ B = 14.6 kN
Moment @ F = 89.7 kNm
Horizontal load @ F = 14.6 kN
17.1 kN
17.1 kN
17.1 kN
17.1 kN

17.1 kN

3m

8.55 kN

239.9 kNm 89.7kNm

14.6 kN

6m

14.6 kN
3.25 m

15 m
Factored Load (1.5 D.L + 1.05 C.L + 1.5 L.L)

4.3

Mechanisms

We will consider the following mechanisms, namely

(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)

Beam mechanism
Sway mechanism
Gable mechanism and
Combined mechanism

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4.3.1 Beam Mechanism

(1) Member CD
Case 1: 1.5 D.L + 1.05 C.L + 1.5 W.L
4.575 kN
0.28 kN

5.27 kN
0.89 kN
5.27 kN

/2

0.89 kN
2.635 kN
0.445 kN

Internal Work done, Wi = Mp + Mp ( /2) + Mp ( + /2)

= Mp(3 )
External Work done, We = 5.27 * 2.5 - 0.89 * 1 *
* 1 * /2
= 18.43

+5.27 * 2.5 * /2 0.89

Equating internal work done to external work done

Wi = We
Mp (3 ) = 18.43
Mp = 6.14 kNm
Case 2: 1.5 D.L + 1.05 C.L + 1.5 L.L
Internal Work done, Wi = Mp (

+ /2 +

+ /2)

Wi = Mp 3

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17.1 kN
17.1 kN
17.1 kN

/2
8.55 kN

External work done, We = 17.1 * 2.5

= 64.125

+ 17.1 *2.5 /2

Equating Wi = We,
Mp (3 ) = 64.125
Mp

= 21.375 kNm

Note: Member DE beam mechanism will not

govern.
(2) Member AC
Internal Work done,

239.9 kNm
14.6 kN

Wi

Mp

Mp

11
13

Mp

11
13

3.69 M p

11 /13
38.85 kN

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External Work done,
14.6 * 3.25 *

We

11
13

239.9 *

11
13

11
1
* 38.85 * 3.25
13
2

296.6

Equating Wi = We, we get

3.69 Mp

= 296.6

Mp = 80.38 kNm.
(3) Member EG
Internal Work done,
Wi

Mp

Mp

11
13

Mp

11
13

3.69 M p

External Work done,

We

14.6 * 3.25 *

11
13

239.9 kNm
239.9 *

11
1
( 30.3 ) * 3.25
13
2

321.7

14.6 kN
Equating Wi = We, we get
3.69 Mp

= 321.7

11 /13
30.3 kN

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Mp = 87.2 kNm

For members AC & EG, the 1st load combination will govern the failure
mechanism.
4.3.2 Panel Mechanism
Case 1: 1.5 D.L + 1.05 C.L + 1.5 W.L
4.575 0.28
5.27
0.89
5.27
0.89
2.635
0.445

239.9 kNm
14.6 kN

38.85 kN

3.88
1.45
3.88
1.45
1.94
0.725

89.7 kNm
14.6 kN

2.1 kN

Internal Work done, Wi = Mp ( ) + Mp ( ) + Mp ( ) + Mp ( )

= 4Mp
External Work done, We
We = 1/2 (38.85) * 6 + 14.6 * 3.25 + 239.9 - 0.445 * 6 - 0.89 * 6 0.89(6 )+ 0.28 * 6 + 1.45 *6 + 1.45 * 6 + 0.725 * 6 +1/2 (2.1) * 6 +
14.6 * 3.25 - 89.7 *
= 378.03

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Equating Wi = Wc, we get

4Mp = 378.03
Mp = 94.51 kNm
The second load combination will not govern.
4.3.3 Gable Mechanism
Case 1: 1.5 D.L + 1.5 W.L + 1.05 C.L

5.27
5.27 0.89
0.89
2.63
0.445 5

239.9 kNm
14.6 kN

38.85 kN

4.575
0.28
3.88
1.45
3.88
1.45
1.94
0.725

89.7 kNm
14.6 kN

2.1 kN

Internal Work done = Mp + Mp2 + Mp (2 ) + Mp = 6Mp

External Work done, We =
-0.89 * 1 * - 0.89 * 2 * + 0.28 * 3 * + 1.45 * 4 * + 1.45 * 5 * +
0.725 * 6 * + 5.27 * 2.5 * + 5.27 * 5 * + 4.575 * 7.5 * + 3.88 * 5 *
+ 3.88 * 2.5 * + * 2.1 * 6 + 14.6 * 3.25 * - 89.7*
We = 82.56

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Equating Wi = We, we get
6Mp = 82.56
Mp = 13.76 kNm.
Case 2: 1.5 D.L + 1.5L.L + 1.05 C.L
17.1
17.1

17.1
17.1

17.1

8.55

8.55

239.9kNm 89.7 kNm

14.6 kN

14.6 kN

Internal Work done, Wi = Mp + Mp (2 ) + Mp (2 ) + Mp =6Mp

External Work done, We
= 17.1 * 2.5* + 17.1 * 5 *
89.7 * + 14.6 * 3.25
= 342.5

+ 17.1 * 7.5 + 17.1 * 5 *

+ 17.1 * 2.5 -

Equating Wi = We, we get

6Mp = 342.5
Mp

= 57.1 kNm

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4.3.4 Combined Mechanism
Case1: 1.5 D.L + 1.5 W.L + 1.05 C.L
(i)
/2

/2

12 m

4.575

5.27
0.89
2.635
0.445

5.27
0.89

0.28
3.88
1.45
3.88
1.45
1.94
0.725

89.7 kNm

239.9 kNm

14.6 kN

14.6 kN
38.85 kN

/2
2.1 kN

Internal Work done, Wi = Mp ( ) + Mp ( + /2) + Mp ( /2 + /2) + Mp ( /2)

= Mp ( + + /2 + /2 + /2 + /2 + /2)
= 4 Mp
External Work done, We=
1/2 * 38.85 * 6 + 14.6 * 3.25* + 239.9 - 0.445 * 12 * /2 - 0.89 * 11 *
/2 - 0.89 * 10 * /2 + 0.28 * 9 * /2 + 1.45 * 8 * /2 + 1.45 * 7 * /2 +
0.725 * 6* /2 + 1/2 (2.1) * 6 /2 + 14.6 * 3.25 * /2 89.7 * /2 5.27 * 2.5
* /2 5.27 * 5.0 * /2 4.575 * 7.5 * /2 3.88 * 5 * /2 3.88 * 2.5 * /2
= 336.75

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Equating Wi = We
4Mp = 336.75
Mp = 84.2 kNm

(ii) Internal work done, Wi = Mp /2 + Mp ( /2 + /2) + Mp ( /2 +

+Mp
Wi = 4Mp

/2

/2

12 m

5.27
0.89
2.635
0.445

5.27
0.89

239.9 kNm

4.575
0.28
3.88
1.45
3.88
1.45
1.94
0.725

89.7 kNm

14.6 kN

14.6 kN
/2

38.85 kN

2.1 kN

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External Work done,
We

14.6 * 3.25 *

0.89 * 8 *

1.45 * 11 *

239.9 *

0.28 * 9 *

0.725 * 12 *

1
* 38.85 * 6
2

5.27 * 2.5 *

3.88 * 5.0 *

5.27 * 5.0 *

0.445 * 6 *

4.575 *7.5 *

3.88 * 2.5 *

0.89 * 7 *

14.6 * 3.25

1.45 * 10 *

89.7 *

1
* 2. 1 *
2

= 230.3
Equating Wi = We, we get
4Mp = 230.3
Mp = 57.575 kNm
(iii)
/6

/6

36 m

5.27
0.89
2.635
0.445

5.27
0.89

239.9 kNm

3.88
1.45
3.88
1.45
1.98
0.725

89.7 kNm

14.6 kN
38.85 kN

4.575
0.28

14.6 kN
5 /6

2.1 kN

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Internal work done, Wi
Mp

Mp

Mp

Mp

4M p

External Work done, We =

14.6 *3.25 *
0.89* 34 *

239.9 *

0.28 *33*

5.27 * 12.5 *
14.6 * 3.25 *

1.45* 34 *

5.27 * 10 *

1
* 38.85 * 6 *
6
2

0.445* 6 *

1.45 * 35 *

4.575 * 7.5 *

0.725 * 36 *

3.88* 5.0 *

0.89 * 35 *

3.88* 2.5 *

1
( 2.1 ) (6 * )
2

89.7

We = 341.07
Equating Wi = We, we get
4Mp = 341.07
Mp

= 85.27 kNm

(iv) Internal Work done,

Wi

Mp

2
3

Mp

2
3

Mp

Mp

4M p

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/3

/3

18 m

5.27
0.89
2.635
0.445

5.27
0.89

4.575
0.28

3.88
1.45
3.88
1.45
1.94
0.725

239.9 kNm

89.7 kNm

14.6 kN

14.6 kN
2 /3

38.85 kN

2.1 kN

External Work done, We =

14.6*3.25*

2
3

239.9 *

0.89* 7 *

2
3

0.89* 16 *

4.575* 7.5*

3.88* 2.5
We

3
293.22

0.28* 15*

14.6* 3.25

2
3
3

2
1
* 38.85 * 6 *
3
2
0.28*15 *
1.45* 16 *
89.7 *

5.27 * 2.5*

0.445* 6 *
2
3

2
3

5.27* 5 *

2
3

0.725* 18 *
1.45* 17 *
3.88*5.0 *
3
3
3
3
1
( 2.1 )*
2

Equating Wi = We, we get

4Mp = 293.22
Mp = 73.3 kNm

36 - 40
Version II

PORTAL FRAMES

Job No:
Sheet 23 of 30
Rev
Job Title: Portal Frame Analysis and Design
Worked Example: 1
Made By
Date
PU
Checked By
Date
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Structural Steel
Design Project
Calculation Sheet
Case 2: 1.5 D.L + 1.5 L.L + 1.05 C.L
(i)

Assuming plastic hinge is formed @ purlin point 2 and 7 and at fixed

supports.

/6

/6

36 m
17.1
17.1
17.1

17.1
17.1
8.55

8.55

89.7

239.9 kNm

14.6 kN

14.6 kN
5 /6
/6

Internal Work done

5 /6

Mp

Mp

Mp

Mp

4M p

36 - 41
Version II

PORTAL FRAMES

Job No:
Sheet 24 of 30
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Job Title: Portal Frame Analysis and Design
Worked Example: 1
Made By
Date
PU
Checked By
Date
VK

Structural Steel
Design Project
Calculation Sheet
External Work done =We
14.6 * 3.25 *
17.1*7.5 *

239.9 *

17.1* 5.0 *

17.1* 1 2.5 *

17.1 * 2.5 *

17.1* 10 *

14.6 * 3.25 *

89.7

304.1

Equating Wi =We, we get

4Mp = 304.1
Mp = 76.03 kNm
Plastic hinge is formed @ 3 and 7

/3

/3
18 m

17.1
17.1

17.1

17.1
17.1
8.55

8.55

239.9

kNm

14.6 kN

89.7
14.6 kN

2 /3

36 - 42
Version II

PORTAL FRAMES

Job No:
Sheet 25 of 30
Rev
Job Title: Portal Frame Analysis and Design
Worked Example: 1
Made By
Date
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Date
VK

Structural Steel
Design Project
Calculation Sheet
Internal work done,
Wi

2
3

Mp

2
3

Mp

Mp

Mp

4M p
External Work done, We=
2
3

14.6 * 3.25 *
17.1* 5.0 *

239.9 *
17.1* 2.5 *

2
3

17.1* 2.5 *
14.6 * 3.25

2
3

17.1* 5.0 *

2
3

17.1*7.5 *

89.7

320.3

Equating Wi = We, we get

4Mp = 320.3
Mp
(ii)

= 80.1 kNm
Plastic hinged is formed at 4 and 7

Internal Work done

Mp

Mp

Mp

Mp

4Mp

36 - 43
Version II

PORTAL FRAMES

Job No:
Sheet 26 of 30 Rev
Job Title: Portal Frame Analysis and Design
Worked Example: 1
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PU
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Structural Steel
Design Project
Calculation Sheet

/2

/2

12 m

17.1
17.1

17.1

17.1

17.1

8.55

8.55

239.9

89.7
14.6 kN

14.6 kN
/2

/2

External Work done, We =

14.6 * 3.25 *
17.1* 5.0 *

2
2

239.9 *

17.1* 2.5 *

17.1* 2.5 *

14.6 * 3.25

17.1* 5.0 *

17.1* 7.5 *

89.7

293.8

Equating Wi = We
4Mp = 293.8
Mp = 73.45 kNm

36 - 44
Version II

PORTAL FRAMES

Job No:
Sheet 27 of 30
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Job Title: Portal Frame Analysis and Design
Worked Example: 1
Made By
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Structural Steel
Design Project
Calculation Sheet
(iii)

Plastic hinge is formed @ 5 and 7

Internal Work Done,Wi =

Mp

Wi

Mp

Mp

Mp

5Mp

17.1

6m

17.1

17.1

17.1

17.1
8.55

89.7

239.9
14.6 kN

14.6 kN

/2
/2

External work done, We =

14.6 *3.25 *
17.1* 7.5*
We

2
2

239.9 *
17.1* 5.0 *

17.1* 2.5*
17.1*2.5

17.1* 5.0 *

14.1* 3.25 *

89.7

356.3

36 - 45
Version II

PORTAL FRAMES

Structural Steel
Design Project
Calculation Sheet

Job No:
Sheet 28 of 30 Rev
Job Title: Portal Frame Analysis and Design
Worked Example: 1
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Equating Wi = We
5Mp = 356.3 *
Mp = 71.26 kNm
Design Plastic Moment = 94.51 kNm.
5.0 DESIGN
For the design it is assumed that the frame is adequately laterally braced so
that it fails by forming mechanism. Both the column and rafter are
analysed assuming equal plastic moment capacity. Other ratios may
be adopted to arrive at an optimum design solution.
5.1 Selection of section
Plastic Moment capacity required= 94.51 kNm
Required section modulus, Z = Mp/ fyd
94.51*10 6
250
1.1
415.84 *10 3 mm 3

From IS: 800 (Appendix I)

ISMB 300 @ 0.46 kN/ m provides
Zp = 651 * 10-3 mm3
b = 140 mm
Ti = 12.4 mm
A = 5.626 * 10 3 mm2
tw =7.5 mm
rxx =124 mm
ryy =28.4 mm

36 - 46
Version II

PORTAL FRAMES

Structural Steel
Design Project
Calculation Sheet

Job No:
Sheet 29 of 30
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Job Title: Portal Frame Analysis and Design
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5.2 Secondary Design Considerations

5.2.1 Check for Local buckling of flanges and webs
Flanges
bf
T1

bf = 140/2 = 70 mm
T1 = 12.4 mm
t = 7.5 mm
bf
T1

70
12.4

5.65 9.4

300
7.5

40

Web
d1
t

83.9 O.K.

5.2.2 Effect of axial force

Maximum axial force in column, P = 51.3 kN

36 - 47
Version II

PORTAL FRAMES

Structural Steel
Design Project
Calculation Sheet

Job No:
Sheet 30 of 30 Rev
Job Title: Portal Frame Analysis and Design
Worked Example: 1
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Axial load causing yielding, Py = fyd * A

250
5.626*10 3
1.1
1278 kN

P
Py

51.3
1278

0.04 0.15

Therefore the effect of axial force can be neglected.

5.2.3 Check for the effect of shear force
Shear force at the end of the girder = P- w/2
= 51.3 8.55 kN
= 42.75 kN
Maximum shear capacity Vym, of a beam under shear and moment is given
by
Vym = 0.5 Aw* f yd / 1.1
= 0.5 * 300* 7.5* 250/1.1
=255.7 kN>> 42.75 kN
Hence O.K.

36 - 48
Version II