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UM 102 - Exercise Set 5: Tirthankar Bhattacharyya February 2014

This document contains 13 exercise problems related to multivariable calculus. It asks the student to compute derivatives and gradients of scalar functions, check for equality of mixed partial derivatives, show properties of convex sets and gradients, find critical points, and transform between Cartesian and polar coordinate systems. The problems cover a range of foundational topics in multivariable calculus including partial derivatives, directional derivatives, and the gradient operator.

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35 views

UM 102 - Exercise Set 5: Tirthankar Bhattacharyya February 2014

This document contains 13 exercise problems related to multivariable calculus. It asks the student to compute derivatives and gradients of scalar functions, check for equality of mixed partial derivatives, show properties of convex sets and gradients, find critical points, and transform between Cartesian and polar coordinate systems. The problems cover a range of foundational topics in multivariable calculus including partial derivatives, directional derivatives, and the gradient operator.

Uploaded by

Ankan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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UM 102 - Exercise Set 5

Tirthankar Bhattacharyya
February 2014
1. Consider a scalar field on Rn given by f(x)= a x, where a is a fixed
vector.Compute f 0 (x; y) for arbitrary x and y.
2. Let T : Rn Rn be a linear transformation. Compute the derivative
f 0 (x; y) for scalar function f (x) = x T (x).
3. Compute the first-order partial derivatives of the following functions defined on R2 :
(a)f (x, y) = x2 + y 2 sin(x.y)
p
(b)f (x, y) = x2 + y 2
(c)f (x, y) = 2x 2
x +y

(d)f (x, y) =

x+y
xy

, x 6= y

4. Check for the functions described, whether the mixed partials are equal,
i.e, whether D1 (D2 f ) = D2 (D1 f ):
(a) All the functions described in [3] above.
(b) f (x, y) = x4 + y 4 4x2 y 2
(c)f (x, y) = log(x2 + y 2 )
(d)f (x, y) =

cos(x2 )
y

5. (a) Consider an nball B(a). Let f 0 (x; y) = 0 for every x in B(a), and
every y.Show that f is constant on B(a).
[HINT: Use the mean value theorem].
(b) Does the conclusion still hold if the condition above is only true for a
fixed y?
6. A set S in Rn is said to be convex if for a, b S, and for 0 t 1, we
have ta + (1 t)b S ,i.e, the line joining a and b lies in S.
(a)Show that every nball B(a) is convex.
(b) Let f 0 (x; y) = 0 for every x in S, and every y, where S is an open
convex set. Show that f is constant on S.

7. Find the gradient of the following functions:


(a)f (x, y) = x2 + y 2 sin(x.y)
(b)f (x, y) = ex cos(y)
(c)f (x, y, z) = x2 y 2 + 2z 2
(d)f (x, y, z) = log(x2 + 2y 2 3z 2 )
8. Consider the function f (x, y) = 3x2 + y 2 defined on the set S = {(x, y) :
x2 + y 2 = 1}. Find the points in S and the directions for which the
directional derivative is maximum.
9. Find values of the constants a,b, and c such that the directional derivative
of f (x, y, z) = a.x.y 2 + b.y.z + c.z 2 .x3 at the point (1, 2, 1) has a
maximum value of 64 in a direction parallel to the z-axis.
10. Let f and g denote scalar fields that are differentiable on an open set S.
Derive the following properties of the gradient:
(a) grad f = 0 if f is constant on S.
(b) grad (f + g) = grad(f) + grad(g).
(c) grad (cf) = c grad (f), if c is a constant.
(d) grad (fg) =f grad(g) +g.grad(f).
11. In R3 let r(x,y,z) = xi + yj + zk, and let r(x,y,z) = ||r(x, y, z)||.
(a) Show that r(x, y, z) is a unit vector in the direction of r(x, y, z).
(b) Show that (rn ) = nrn 2 r, if n is a positive integer.
(c) Find a scalar field f such that f = r.
12. Let B(a) be nball. Show that if x is point of minimum in B(a), then
f (x) = 0.
13. Do the conclusions of [6] still hold if the condition: f 0 (x; y) = 0 is
replaced with the condition: grad(f)(x)=0 , for every x?
14. Consider the following transformation (x, y) (r, ), where x = rcos()
and y = rsin().
(a) Find the Jacobean of this tranformation. Use this to find Dr , and D
in terms of Dx and Dy .
(b) Using the above, what do the following equations give in polar coordinates:
Dx u = Dy v
(1)
Dy u = Dx v

(2)

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