2-24-15
Laptops open to your published website
access Task B
Unit I Essential Question :
Can an organization solve the worlds problems?
Todays class objective:
1. Analyze the reasons why European nations established
the EU and the difficulties they face.
2. Determine if Turkey should be allowed admittance to
the EU after researching pros and cons.
2-26-15
Beginning of class: Entrance Ticket!
- Access your laptop AFTER you turn in your ticket.
Unit I Essential Question :
Can an organization solve the worlds problems?
Todays class objectives:
1. Compare and contrast the governmental make-up of
the European Union with that of the United States.
2. Differentiate among the various forms of
governmental systems in the world today.
What is a Clique?
A small exclusive group of friends or associates.
A clique is a group of three or more people who hang out together and are
always seen having fun together. They normally go to events that the
Alpha (leader) holds.
Where do we find cliques?
Everywhere there are groups!
at work
at play
at school
YouTube: Divisions
Good or Bad?
Can give you a feeling of
belonging
Can make you feel like an
outcast
Can lead to bullying
.so, should you take part in one?
Do the benefits outweigh the costs?
Todays question:
Are International Organizations
similar to cliques? Are there good
aspects as well as negative aspects?
The European Union
What wars have taken place in Europe since 1500?
30 Years War
Wars to stop France gain more territory from weaker
neighboring countries.
War of Spanish Succession
War of Austrian Succession
Seven Years War
All the wars against Napoleon
Crimean War
Balkan Wars
WWI
WWII
Why were these wars fought?
Religious reasons
Power struggle domination/balance of power
Economic reasons
economic nationalism
tariffs
Cultural misunderstandings
European leaders had a common
question after WWII
Why cant we all just get along???
But
how
do we do that?
Why cant we develop a UNION and
cooperate, to avoid another war?
The 13 colonies solved many of their problems by uniting into a
federal union.
Churchill called for such a union after WWII
Background of the EU
Buthow do you get all the nations
of Europe to agree to unite?
Supra-nationalism
Problems?
Above
Self-governing
Loss of autonomy
Transcending
More
than
Disparities
in
levels
of economic
Why would anyone want
to give away
my state is richer than the othersw
international autonomy,
one of the most sought
development
we have to contribute more to make
newpast
united
nation work?
after goals of this
the
century?
Technical barriers
Cultural barriers
cant make your own rules on what
trade is allowedyou have to
follow the same rules as the group
European
How did Supra-nationalism
the idea begin?
Economic Agreement 1945
Benelux
Agreement
Netherlands
Belgium
Luxembourg
Why would anyone want to give away
international autonomy, one of the most sought
after goals of the past century?
Supra-nationalism
A venture involving three or more states
Political, economic, and/or cultural
cooperation to promote shared
objectives
Would
WHATother
DID nations
THE
inFUTURE
Europe follow
HOLD
these
FOR EUROPE?
three?
UNIFICATION?
INSTABILITY?
New name for the new union?
EUROPA
The European Union
1951
Founding
Members
Belgium
France
Germany
Italy
Luxembourg
Netherlands
1973
Denmark
Ireland
United Kingdom
1981
Greece
1986
Portugal
Spain
November
1989
Fall of the
Berlin Wall
sets the
stage for
unifying
Europe and
EU
enlargement
1995
Austria
Finland
Sweden
2004
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Estonia
Hungary
Latvia
Lithuania
Malta
Poland
Slovakia
Slovenia
2007
Bulgaria
Romania
Total
Candidate Countries
#
Croatia
Of
nations?
Croatia
newest member of the EU!
Former Yugoslav
Republic of Macedonia
Turkey
Potential
Candidate Countries
Albania
Bosnia & Herzegovina
Iceland
Montenegro
Serbia including Kosovo
under UN Security Council
Resolution 1244
28 member nations in the EU
23 official languages
What is the most widely spoken language in
the European Union?
English
Enlargement: from six to 28
countries
195
2
199
0
197
3
198
1
198
6
United in diversity!
199
5
200
4
200
7
What is the motto of the EU that describes the
philosophy of multiculturalism?
EU Members
Non-members
Prospective
Members
European
Supra-nationalism
How does a country become a member of the EU?
There is no checklist of specific conditions a country must meet to
be admitted to the EU but a few criterion.
Criterion:
but a few criterion.
POLITICAL:
a. Must be a European State
Morocco applied to join the EU in 1987 and was rejected;
in the opinion of the Commission on the grounds that
Morocco was not a European country.
b. The country must have stable institutions that guarantee
DEMOCRACY, THE RULE OF LAW, HUMAN RIGHTS, and
RESPECT AND PROTECT MINORITIES.
ECONOMIC:
The country must have a functioning market economy
The treaties basis for democratic
cooperation built on law
1951
The European Steel and Coal Community
2009
Treaty of Lisbon
1957
The treaties of Rome:
The European Economic Community
The European Atomic Energy
Community
(EURATOM)
1993
Treaty of European Union
Maastricht
EU
1951:
European Coal and
Steel Community
In the aftermath of World War II, the aim was to
secure peace among Europes victorious and
vanquished nations and bring them together as
equals, cooperating within shared institutions.
Jean Monnet and other leaders with
the first European ingot of steel
Based on a plan by French Foreign Minister
Robert Schuman.
Six founding countries Belgium, the Federal
Republic of Germany, France, Italy, Luxembourg
and the Netherlands signed a treaty to run
heavy industries (coal and steel) under
common management.
EU
1957:
Treaty of Rome
The six founding countries
expanded cooperation to other
economic sectors, creating the
European Economic
Community (EEC) or
common market.
As a result, people, goods,
services, and capital today
move freely across the Union.
Signing of the Treaty of Rome
What to deal with first?
The uro
In 1999, the euro was
established as a currency in
eleven of the then fifteen EU
Member States.
Of the 28 EU Member States
today, fifteen have adopted
the euro.
Which is the most important
Some of the Euros benefits
benefit?
European Central
Bank keeps
price inflation
low so interest
rates also
remain low
International
trade is
facilitated
Inflation remains
low and stable
Travelling is made
easier
Comparing prices
is made simpler
Currency
exchange costs
are eliminated
The Euro a single currency for
Europeans
Sweden
U.K.
Poland
Czech Rep
Romania
Hungary
Bulgaria
Can be used everywhere in the euro area
4Coins: one side with national symbols,
one side common
4Notes: no national side
EU countries using the euro in 2011
EU countries part of ERM II (in between)
EU countries not using the euro
New Euro countries since 2001:
Cyprus (2006)
Malta (2006)
Slovakia (2008)
Slovenia (2009)
Estonia (2011)
Croatia (2013)
United in Diversity - The uro
United in Diversity - The uro
The Lisbon treaty
The Lisbon treaty - taking Europe into
- took
the 21st century
the 21st century
Europe into
The Treaty will make the European Union:
More efficient
Simpler processes, full-time president
for the Council, etc.
More democratic Stronger role for the European Parliament
and national parliaments, "Citizens Initiative",
Charter of Fundamental Rights, etc.
More transparent Clarifies who does what, greater public access
to documents and meetings, etc.
More united on
the world stage
High Representative for Foreign Policy, etc.
More secure New possibilities to fight climate change
and terrorism, secure energy supplies, etc.
EU population in the world
Population in millions, 2009
1339
500
307
128
EU
China
Japa
n
142
RussiaUnited States
The area of the EU compared to the rest
of the world
Surface area, 1 000 km
16 889
9327
9159
4234
365
EU
China
Japa
n
RussiaUnited States
How rich is the EU compared to the rest
of the world?
38 700
27 800
25 100
12 508
9819
12
200
4 400
3 329
1 326
EU
China
468
Japa
n
Russia United States
Size of economy: 2008 gross domestic product
in billion of euros
EU
China
Japan
Russia United States
Wealth per person: 2008 gross domestic product
per person
The European Union and the United States
America has no better
partner than Europe. Now
is the time to build new
bridges across the globe as
strong as the one that
bound us across the
Atlantic. Now is the time to
join together, through
constant cooperation,
strong institutions, shared
sacrifice, and a global
commitment to progress,
to meet the challenges of
the 21st century.
President Barack
Obama
The relationship between
the United States and
Europe is the worlds
strongest, most
comprehensive, and
strategically important
partnership. The United
States, and a united Europe
this is really the
indispensable partnership.
President of the
European Commission
Jos Manuel Barroso
EU
A Dynamic
Transatlantic Economy
EU and U.S. together account for 40%
of total global trade (more than $1.5
billion in transatlantic trade every
day).
The $3 trillion EU-U.S. transatlantic
economy employs 14 million workers
on both sides of the Atlantic.
In 2010, Europe accounted for
roughly two-thirds of total global
investment flows into the U.S. by
far the most significant source of
foreign investment in the U.S.
economy.
John Kerry current
Secretary of State
Partners in Global Leadership
EU and U.S. work together to develop
international standards:
Fighting terrorism and transnational
crime
Advancing global trade liberalization
EU Commissioner for
External Relations Benita
Ferrero-Waldner and US
Secretary of State Hillary
Clinton
Combating piracy and intellectual
property violations
EU and its Member States are helping
restore peace and stability in
Afghanistan.
EU and U.S. work together in the
Middle East to advance the peace
process.
When the EU and U.S. agree, other
nations tend to follow.
EU
European companies are the
leading foreign investors in the
U.S.
BMWs assembly plant is South Carolinas
largest private sector employer.
The UK, Germany, France, and the
Netherlands top four sources of
jobs created by foreign
investment in the United States.
American companies invest far
more in EU countries than in Asia.
U.S. businesses make 5 times the
profit in the Netherlands - alone - as
they make in China.
In 2005, EU investments in Texas
alone surpassed all U.S. investments
in China and Japan, combined.
Jobs and Growth
Advantages for Europe?
Challenges:
Demography:
Globalisation:
Europeans live longer, have fewer children
European economy faces competition from other parts of
the world
Climate change: Emission of greenhouse gases must come down
Solutions:
European leaders have therefore agreed on a joint strategy for:
More research and innovation
A more dynamic business environment
Investing in people
A greener economy
The single market: freedom of choice
The single market has led to:
significant reductions in the price of many products
and services, including internet access and airfares.
40% drop in price of phone calls from 2000-2010
2.8 million new jobs
Four freedoms of movement:
4 goods
Getty Images
4 services
4 people
4 capital
Going abroad to learn
Over 2 million young people have
studied or pursued personal
development in other European
countries with support from EU
programs:
4 Comenius: school education
4 Erasmus: higher education
4 Leonardo da Vinci: vocational training
4 Grundtvig: adult education
4 Youth in Action: voluntary work and
Getty Images
non-formal education
An area of freedom, security and
justice
Charter of Fundamental Rights
Joint fight against terrorism
Police and law-enforcers from different countries cooperate
Coordinated asylum and immigration policies
European Union Police
Mission
Civil law cooperation
Improving health and the
environment
Pollution knows no borders joint action needed
EU action has helped bring:
Van Parys Media
Cleaner bathing water
Much less acid rain
Lead-free petrol
Free and safe disposal of old electronic equipment
Strict rules on food safety from farm to fork
More organic and quality farming
More effective health warnings on cigarettes
Registration and control of all chemicals (REACH)
The EU: an exporter of peace
and prosperity
World trade rules
Common foreign and security policy
Development assistance and humanitarian
aid
EU runs the peacekeeping operations
and the rebuilding of society in
war-torn countries like BosniaHerzegovina.
RECAP:
Why was the EU established?
to prevent a third World War by strengthening
cooperation among its member states by
solving some of their differences:
economic
ethnic
political
Maastricht Treaty
1993
Treaty that actually created the European Union
Under the terms of this treaty:
they dropped their trade barriers among members
they agreed to pursue closer cooperation in
defense and foreign relations
they accepted the idea of a common currency
What is the European Union?
RECAP:
28
Member States
Combined
population of
EU Member
States
Shared values:
500
million
Percent of worlds
population
liberty, democracy, respect for human rights and
fundamental freedoms, and the rule of law.
Largest economic body in the world.
Worlds most successful model for advancing
peace and democracy.
A unique institution Member States
voluntarily cede national sovereignty in many
areas to carry out common policies and
governance.
Not a super-state to replace existing states,
nor just an organization for international
cooperation.
Worlds most open market for goods and
commodities from developing countries.
57
How is the EU run?
Institutions
Youtube: What is the EU?
How are they organized?
Three key Political players
The European
ParliamentVoice of the people
The Council of the
European Union
Voice of the Member States
The
European
Commissio
n
Their Executive Branch ?
Their Legislative Branch ?
Political
1. EU Parliament Currently 785 MEPs. Based in France,
Belgium and Luxembourg House of Reps
Passes laws, monitors budget, monitors EU institutions
2. EU Council Representations from each member state
Passes laws, approves EU budget, co-ordination
of economic policies, develops foreign policy,
co-ordinates anti-crime strategies
Senate
3. EU Commission 20 Commissioners appointed by each
member state every 5 years Executive Branch
Proposes legislation, implements EU policies,
law enforcement, international co-ordination
Does the EU have a Judicial Branch ?
Q:
Are the Political Institutions of the EU similar to
the institutions/branches that run our government?
A:
Three branches:
Executive
Legislative
Judicial
They do not correspond exactly to the traditional
division of power in democratic governments. Rather,
they embody the EUs dual supra-national and
inter-governmental character
European Parliament
Voice of European citizens.
Members elected for five-year
terms.
With the Council, passes EU
laws and adopts EU budgets.
Approves EU Commissioners.
Council of the European Union
EUs main decision-making body,
comprised of ministers of 28
Member States, representing each
Member States point of view.
Decides on foreign policy issues.
Council presidency rotates among
Member States every six months.
European Commission
28 Commissioners, each responsible
for specific policy areas, representing
the common European perspective.
Proposes legislation and enforces laws.
Negotiates trade agreements.
Manages Europes multilateral
development cooperation.
European Commission President
Jos Manuel Barroso
Financial
European Central Bank inflation target
of less than 2% per year, sets short term interest
rates for the whole eurozone area,
Implements and monitors Eurozone monetary policy
European Investment Bank
owned by member states.
Raise finance through financial markets,
Invest in projects to promote aims of EU
large scale projects
Court of Auditors monitors legality
and efficiency of EU income and expenditure
Legal
Court of Justice one judge from each member state
Highest EU judicial authority.
Ensures all EU laws are interpreted and applied
correctly and uniformly.
Activities
500 million people
28 countries
69
Enlargement - New Members
Croatia
EU Current Problems?
What additional nations should be
accepted into the EU?
Issue of immigration
How stable is the EU after expansion which
included many former Eastern Bloc nations.
Giving up long-held national laws
replaced by Europa laws.
Pull factors
Let them join
Economic freedom
Jobs
Prosperity
Social stability
Social welfare
Peace
Political freedom
Womens rights
Minority rights
Religious pluralism
Ethnic Pluralism
74
Push Factors
Dont let them join
Political instability
Economic oppression or instability
Ethnic strife
Religious oppression
Natural disasters
75
Assignment
CURRENT EU ISSUES
#1: Should Turkey be able to join the EU?
Access and read the following articles regarding the topic:
Background on Turkey and the EU
Turkey and the EU
Turkey and the EU
1. Using Word, read the articles above and construct a chart, or table,
where you will identify [in your own words] the arguments for and
against Turkeys admission in the EU.
Example:
Pros
Cons
#2:
[a] How is Immigration a problem for the EU?
[b] How are they dealing with this problem?
1. Access and read all pages [subpages too] of the site below regarding the
topics listed above:
Immigration issues and the EU
2. After reading, create two paragraphs to answer [a] and two paragraphs to
answer [b].
3. When completed and reviewed for spelling and grammatical errors, upload
your documents. Place unon your mini-tab as directed on the next slide.
What do I do with them when Im done?
. When completed and reviewed for spelling and grammatical
errors, upload your documents Create a mini-tab on your
Unit I: Europe tab. Title it European Union Issues
[example below]
2. Be sure to edit your picture on this page to fit the topic!
Current European Union Issues
#1 Should Turkey Join the European Union?
Example:
#2 Immigration Issue
a. How is it a problem for the EU?
b. How are they dealing with the problem?
Why the European Union?
Assignment:
Directions are on my Weebly
Page under Europe.
Why the European Union
