WorksCited
PrimarySources
AnAllColoredVaudevilleShow
.Perf.EuniceWilson.Vitaphone,1935.
Youtube
.Web.6Apr.
2015.<http://youtube.com>.Thisisaclipofamusicalperformancefrom1935featuring
segmentswithanacrobatictroupeandEuniceWilson,afemale,blackperformerin
Vaudeville.ItisanexampleoftheconventionthatallactsforAfricanAmericanshadto
beputinaracialcontext.
AnimalActwithBaboon,Dog,andDonkey
.Prod.HansA.Spanuth.CommonwealthPictures,
1918.
LibraryofCongress:AmericanMemory
.Web.26Feb.2015.
<http://memory.loc.gov/>.ThisisavideoclipofaVaudevilleactfrom1918.Itisan
exampleofananimalshow,whichwasoneofmanyvarietyactsseeninVaudeville.
ImaLittleBlackbirdLookingforaBlueBird.Perf.EvaTaylorandLouisArmstrong.Rec.
17Dec.1924.
BlackbirdsRevue
.
FlorenceMills
.Web.11Mar.2015.
<http://www.florencemills.com/>.Thisisarecordingofasongfromthe1926sungby
VaudevilleperformerFlorenceMills.Itslyricsrelatetothebeliefsofmanyduringthe
time.
LuckyNumber.Perf.FayardNicholasandHaroldNicholas.
TheBlackNetwork
.Dir.Roy
Mack.ScreenplaybyA.DorianOtvos.Vitaphone,1936.
Youtube
.Web.30Mar.2015.
<https://www.youtube.com>.ThisisavideoclipoftheNicholasBrothersfrom1936.It
isanexampleofthetalentandsophisticationofthebrothersintheirearlycareers.
StormyWeather
.Perf.FayardNicholasandFayardNicholas.Dir.AndrewL.Stone.20th
CenturyFox,1943.
Youtube
.Web.9Apr.2015.<https://www.youtube.com/>.Thisisa
clipoftheNicholasBrothersfromthe1943film
StormyWeather
.Itisanexampleofthe
legacyofVaudevilleinfilmandperformance.
ThreeBlackfacePerformers.
Musicals101
.N.p.,2004.Web.9Apr.2015.
<http://www.musicals101.com/>.Thisisaphotographofthreewhiteperformersin
blackface.Itisanexampleoftheracistwayblackpeoplewereportrayedintheatre.
SecondarySources
Adair,Zakiya.RespectableVamp:ABlackFeministAnalysisofFlorenceMillsCareerin
EarlyVaudevilleTheater.
JournalofAfricanAmericanStudies
17.1(2013):n.pag.
EbscoHost
.Web.26Feb.2015.ThisisascholarlyarticleonVaudevilleperformer
FlorenceMills.SheisagoodexampleofVaudevilleseffectonminoritygroups.
Kenrick,John.Vaudeville.
Musicals101:TheCyberEncyclopediaofMusicalTheatre,Film
andTelevision
.N.p.,2004.Web.3Mar.2015.<http://www.musicals101.com/>.Thisisa
websitethatgivesadetailedaccountofVaudevillefromthe1880sonward.Italso
providesinformationaboutdiversityinVaudeville,specificallyblacksinVaudeville.
Lewis,RobertM.,ed.
FromTravelingShowtoVaudeville:TheatricalSpectacleinAmerica,
18301910
.Baltimore:JohnsHopkinsUP,2003.Print.Thisisabookcontaininga
historyoftheatreupuntilVaudeville.Itprovidesanextensivebackgroundonthecreation
anddevelopmentofVaudeville.
TheNicholasBrothers:FlyingHigh.Episode#1088.
Biographies
.ActualityProgramming.23
Feb.1999.Television.Thisisaepisodefromaseriesofhistoricallyaccuratebiography
documentaries.IttellsthestoryofthesuccessfulandinfluentialVaudevilleduothe
NicholasBrothers.
Padgett,Ken.HistoryofBlackface.
Blackface!
Ed.KenPadgett.N.p.,2014.Web.31Mar.
2015.<http://blackface.com/>.Thisisawebsiteprovidinginformationaboutthehistory
ofblackface.Itprovidesexamplesofthenegativewaythatvaudevillefalselystereotyped
blackpeople.
Stewart,D.Travis.
NoApplauseJustThrowMoney:TheBookThatMadeVaudevilleFamous
.
NewYork:FaberandFaber,2005.Print.Thisisabookcontaininginformationonthe
beginningandevolutionofVaudeville.IttellsthestoryofseveralAfricanAmericansin
Vaudevilleandthestereotypestheyhadtoplay.
Vaudeville.
AmericanMasters
.PBS,8Oct.1999.Web.26Feb.2015.
<http://www.pbs.org/wnet/americanmasters/>.Thisisawebpageonthegeneral
backgroundandimportanceofVaudeville.Italsogivesinsightintowhatkindoflegacy
Vaudevillehadontelevisionandmovingpictures.
Vaudeville.ByGregPalmer.Narr.BenVereen.Episode#2.
AmericanMasters
.Prod.Susan
Lacy.PBS.26Nov.1997.Television.Thisisanepisodeofaneducationaltelevision
seriesabouthistoricalAmericanevents.Ithasalargesegmentaboutblacksinvolvement
VaudevilleandprovidesseveralexamplesofsuccessfulblackVaudevilleperformers.
