IBM Global Services
Background Processing
Data Interfaces |
Dec-2008
2005 IBM Corporation
IBM Global Services
Objectives
The participants will be able to:
Describe how the SAP system handles background processing.
Create variants for ABAP programs.
Create, schedule, and analyze a job using transactions SM36 and SM37.
Explain the purpose of background processing.
Data Interfaces |
Dec-2008
2005 IBM Corporation
IBM Global Services
Background Processing
Phases of Background Processing.
Passing Data to Subsequent Job Steps.
Scheduling Job within ABAP Program.
Data Interfaces |
Dec-2008
2005 IBM Corporation
IBM Global Services
Transaction
Work Processes
SM50
Dispatcher
Background
Dialog
Update
Data Interfaces |
Enqueue
Spool
Dec-2008
2005 IBM Corporation
IBM Global Services
The Background Work Process
Background
Background Job
Job A
A
Background
Step #1
Step #2
Defining a
background job (SM36)
Data Interfaces |
Dec-2008
2005 IBM Corporation
IBM Global Services
Phases of Background Processing
Job
Job
Scheduling
Scheduling
Job
Job
Processing
Processing
Job
Job
Overview
Overview
Data Interfaces |
Dec-2008
2005 IBM Corporation
IBM Global Services
Scheduling a Background Job
Transaction
SM36
Job
Job
Scheduling
Scheduling
Data Interfaces |
Dec-2008
2005 IBM Corporation
IBM Global Services
Creating Step for Background Job
Steps
Job
Job
Scheduling
Scheduling
ABAP
External program
Data Interfaces |
Dec-2008
2005 IBM Corporation
IBM Global Services
Start Criteria for Background Job
Job
Job
Scheduling
Scheduling
Start Condition
Immediate
Date/Time
Jobs can be scheduled to
run immediately or at a
particular date/time.
After Job
Jobs can be
scheduled to run after
another job has been
completed.
After Event
Jobs can be scheduled
to run after an event has
been triggered/raised.
If you start a job based on a date/time or an event, you
can schedule the job to run at regular intervals, not just
at a particular time.
Data Interfaces |
Dec-2008
2005 IBM Corporation
IBM Global Services
Scheduling a Periodic Job
Job
Job
Scheduling
Scheduling
Start date
Period values
X Periodic job
By checking the
Periodic Job option,
you can specify
that the job run at
regular intervals.
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Data Interfaces |
With the Period
Values pushbutton,
you can schedule
the job to run hourly,
daily, weekly,
monthly, etc.
Dec-2008
2005 IBM Corporation
IBM Global Services
Scheduling Job After Another Job
Job
Job
Scheduling
Scheduling
Start date
After Job
X Start status-depend.
After clicking on the After
Job pushbutton, you
must specify the name of
the job that must be
completed before this job
will run.
If you check the Start status-depend.
option, this job will run only if the
specified job ends successfully.
11
Data Interfaces |
Dec-2008
2005 IBM Corporation
IBM Global Services
Scheduling Job After an Event
Start date
After Event
Job
Job
Scheduling
Scheduling
After clicking on the After Event
pushbutton, you must specify the
name of the event that must be
raised before this job will run. You
can distinguish between different
occurrences of a particular event
by specifying a parameter.
If you check the Periodic Job option, the
system starts a new job each time the
specified event is raised.
12
Data Interfaces |
Dec-2008
2005 IBM Corporation
IBM Global Services
Triggering/Raising Events
To trigger/raise an event from within an ABAP program, you
must call the BP_EVENT_RAISE function module.
CALL FUNCTION BP_EVENT_RAISE
EXPORTING
EVENTID
= <event name>
EVENTPARM
=
TARGET_INSTANCE
=
EXCEPTIONS
BAD_EVENTID
=1
EVENTID_DOES_NOT_EXIST
=2
EVENTID_MISSING
=3
RAISE_FAILED
=4
OTHERS
= 5.
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Data Interfaces |
The only required
exporting parameter is the
name of the event to raise.
Dec-2008
2005 IBM Corporation
IBM Global Services
Phases of Background Processing
Job
Job
Scheduling
Scheduling
Job
Job
Processing
Processing
Job
Job
Overview
Overview
14
Data Interfaces |
Dec-2008
2005 IBM Corporation
IBM Global Services
Processing a Background Job
Scheduler
Job
Job
Dispatcher
Job
Job
Background
Job
Job
Processing
Processing
15
Data Interfaces |
Dec-2008
2005 IBM Corporation
IBM Global Services
Processing a Background Job
Application
Application Server
Server
Work
Work Processes
Processes
8 Online
1 Spool
Job
Job
Processing
Processing
3 Background
Transaction
SM50
16
Data Interfaces |
Dec-2008
2005 IBM Corporation
IBM Global Services
Processing a Background Job
Job Log
Scheduler
Entries from start and end
modules.
All messages issued by job
steps and system.
Start Module
Job Step #1
Job Step #2
Job Step #3
PRINT SPOOL
Job
Job
Processing
Processing
List
All WRITE
statement output
from job step.
End Module
17
Data Interfaces |
Dec-2008
2005 IBM Corporation
IBM Global Services
Phases of Background Processing
Job
Job
Scheduling
Scheduling
Job
Job
Processing
Processing
Job
Job
Overview
Overview
18
Data Interfaces |
Dec-2008
2005 IBM Corporation
IBM Global Services
Job Overview
Transaction
SM37
Job Status
Job
Job
Overview
Overview
Spool List
19
Data Interfaces |
Dec-2008
2005 IBM Corporation
IBM Global Services
Job Analysis Using Job Log
System and Program
Messages
Job
Job
Overview
Overview
You can use this Job Log to analyze each step of a finished or
cancelled background job.
20
Data Interfaces |
Dec-2008
2005 IBM Corporation
IBM Global Services
Job Analysis Using Job Spool
Display
Report
21
Data Interfaces |
Dec-2008
2005 IBM Corporation
IBM Global Services
Other Background Processing Topics
Scheduling Job within ABAP Program
Passing Data to Subsequent Job Steps
22
Data Interfaces |
Dec-2008
2005 IBM Corporation
IBM Global Services
Scheduling Job within ABAP Program
Open
Open Background
Background Job
Job
JOB_OPEN
JOB_SUBMIT is
called for each
step that is to be
added to the job
Insert
Insert Job
Job Step
Step
JOB_SUBMIT
Close
Close Background
Background Job
Job
JOB_CLOSE
23
Data Interfaces |
Dec-2008
2005 IBM Corporation
IBM Global Services
JOB_OPEN
JOB_OPEN
Exporting:
jobname = <job name>
Background Job
<job name>
<job #>
Importing:
jobcount = <job #>
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Data Interfaces |
Dec-2008
2005 IBM Corporation
IBM Global Services
JOB_SUBMIT
JOB_SUBMIT
Exporting:
authcknam = <user>
jobcount = <job #>
jobname = <job name>
report = <report>
variant = <variant>
Exporting:
authcknam = <user>
jobcount = <job #>
jobname = <job name>
report = <report>
variant = <variant>
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Data Interfaces |
Background Job`
<job name>
<job #>
Step #1
Step #2
Dec-2008
2005 IBM Corporation
IBM Global Services
JOB_CLOSE
JOB_CLOSE
Exporting:
jobcount = <job #>
jobname = <job name>
sdlstrtdt = <start date>
sdlstrttm = <start time>
strtimmed = <flag1>
Background Job
<job name>
<job #>
Step #1
Importing:
job_was_released =
<flag2>
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Data Interfaces |
Step #2
Dec-2008
2005 IBM Corporation
IBM Global Services
ABAP Program Example
Open
Open Job
Job
Submit
Submit Step
Step
Close
Close Job
Job
27
REPORT YDI00001.
DATA: JOBNUM TYPE JOBCOUNT.
PARAMETERS: JOBNAME TYPE JOBNAME,
PROGRAM TYPE REPID,
VARIANT TYPE VARIANT,
USER TYPE UNAME.
CALL FUNCTION JOB_OPEN
EXPORTING JOBNAME = JOBNAME
IMPORTING JOBCOUNT = JOBNUM.
CALL FUNCTION JOB_SUBMIT
EXPORTING AUTHCKNAM = USER
CHECK
JOBCOUNT = JOBNUM
SY-SUBRC
JOBNAME = JOBNAME
REPORT = PROGRAM
VARIANT = VARIANT.
CALL FUNCTION JOB_CLOSE
EXPORTING JOBCOUNT = JOBNUM
JOBNAME = JOBNAME.
Data Interfaces |
Dec-2008
2005 IBM Corporation
IBM Global Services
Passing Data to Subsequent
Job Steps
DBTABLE
id1
data1
FILENAME
id2 data2
Background
Background Job
Job
Step #1
...
EXPORT <obj1 objn>TO DATABASE
<dbtable> ID <id1>.
EXPORT < obj1 objn>TO DATASET
<filename> ID <id2>.
Step #2
...
IMPORT < obj1 objn> FROM DATABASE
<dbtable>ID <id1>.
IMPORT < obj1 objn> FROM DATASET
<filename> ID <id2>.
28
Data Interfaces |
Dec-2008
2005 IBM Corporation
IBM Global Services
Passing Data to Subsequent
Job Steps (Contd.)
DBTABLE
id1
data1
FILENAME
id2 data2
Background
Background Job
Job
Step #1
...
EXPORT <obj1 objn>TO DATABASE
<dbtable> ID <id1>.
EXPORT < obj1 objn>TO DATASET
<filename> ID <id2>.
Step #2
...
IMPORT < obj1 objn> FROM DATABASE
<dbtable>ID <id1>.
IMPORT < obj1 objn> FROM DATASET
<filename> ID <id2>.
29
Data Interfaces |
Dec-2008
2005 IBM Corporation
IBM Global Services
Using the Database to Pass Data between Job Steps
Background Job
Job
Step Background
#1
DATA: var1(9) TYPE p
DECIMALS 2.
...
EXPORT var1 TO DATABASE
indx(st) ID 12345
INDX
MANDT RELID SRTFD
30
..
CLUSTR
CLUSTD
800
SP
SPH_I
254
FF05010102
800
12345
53
FF05016876
800
ST
ST
ABCL
73
800
TM
KVERM
97
FF05075372
FF03578902
Data Interfaces |
Step #2
DATA: var1(9) TYPE p
DECIMALS 2.
...
IMPORT var1 FROM
DATABASE indx(st) ID
12345.
Dec-2008
2005 IBM Corporation
IBM Global Services
Using the Database to Pass Data between Job Steps (Contd.)
Background Job
Job
Step Background
#1
DATA: var1(9) TYPE p
DECIMALS 2.
...
EXPORT var1 TO DATABASE
indx(st) ID 12345
INDX
MANDT RELID SRTFD
31
..
CLUSTR
CLUSTD
800
SP
SPH_I
254
FF05010102
800
12345
53
FF05016876
800
ST
ST
ABCL
73
800
TM
KVERM
97
FF05075372
FF03578902
Data Interfaces |
Step #2
DATA: var1(9) TYPE p
DECIMALS 2.
...
IMPORT var1 FROM
DATABASE indx(st) ID
12345.
Dec-2008
2005 IBM Corporation
IBM Global Services
Structure of the Data Cluster Table
Cluster
Length
Key fields to
uniquely identify
Data Cluster
Area
Client
Cluster
Data
INDX
MANDT RELID SRTFD
800
800
800
800
SP
ST
ST
SPH_I
TM
KVERM
12345
ABCL
SRTF2
0
0
0
0
... CLUSTR
CLUSTD
254 FF0501010254787
53 FF0501687618710
73 FF0507110005472
97 FF0357890541472
Fields to store information pertaining to
cluster data, not automatically updated by
export, need to be explicitly set before the
export statement
32
Data Interfaces |
Dec-2008
2005 IBM Corporation
IBM Global Services
Structure of the Data Cluster Table (Contd.)
Cluster
Length
Key fields to
uniquely identify
Data Cluster
Area
Client
Cluster
Data
INDX
MANDT RELID SRTFD
800
800
800
800
SP
ST
ST
SPH_I
TM
KVERM
12345
ABCL
SRTF2
0
0
0
0
... CLUSTR
CLUSTD
254 FF0501010254787
53 FF0501687618710
73 FF0507110005472
97 FF0357890541472
Fields to store information pertaining to
cluster data, not automatically updated by
export, need to be explicitly set before the
export statement
33
Data Interfaces |
Dec-2008
2005 IBM Corporation
IBM Global Services
Demonstration
Creation, scheduling and analyzing a background job using transactions SM36
and SM37.
34
Data Interfaces |
Dec-2008
2005 IBM Corporation
IBM Global Services
Practice
Creation, scheduling and analyzing a background job using transactions SM36
and SM37.
35
Data Interfaces |
Dec-2008
2005 IBM Corporation
IBM Global Services
Summary
Job
Job
Scheduling
Scheduling
Job
Job
Processing
Processing
Job
Job
Overview
Overview
Job Log
Step #1
Spool List
Step #2
Background
36
Data Interfaces |
Dec-2008
2005 IBM Corporation
IBM Global Services
Questions
What are the various types of work processes present in the R/3 system ?
What are the main phases of background processing ?
What are the main function modules used to create background job through
ABAP program ?
37
Data Interfaces |
Dec-2008
2005 IBM Corporation
