Section T4 Automatic tran: Introduction ‘Two versions of the new tors Hydramatic 4L80-E four speed electronically Controlled automatic transmission are fitted to Rolls-Royce and Bentley motor cars. Transmission for naturally aspirated cars All naturally aspirated motor cars are fitted with the Rolls-Royce Part No: UE 73284, GM Part No: (8661771, Code: RAP. Transmission for turbocharged cars Turbocharged motor cars are fitted withthe Rolls- Royce Part No: UE 73285, GM Part No: 8661772, Code: RBP. ‘These units are not interchangeable between marques and cannot be fitted to earlier motor cars. ion (General Motors Hydramatic torque converter clutch, which mechanically locks Up the torque converter in fourth gear to optimise {uel consumption, the principal feature of the new transmission is the use of an electronic control ‘system in place of the mechanically complex governor and modulator systems fitted of automatic transmission units fitted to motor cars prior to VIN 40000. The use of electronic controls provides extremely smooth and precise changes. Indeed ‘some gearchanges are only noticeable by watching the reaction of a tachometer. At the same time electronic controls optimise {uel efficiency and emission control according to Selected prevailing engine and driving parameters. Fig. 74-1 Automatic transmission (General Motors Hydramatic 4L80-£)rn hh v9 bh tere, cb on bnDS Thans é. i N¢e Section 4: Electronic Transmission Diagno: tegenctics a 17n— (VEO Gt Laren se Tis, PCM/TCM constantly monitors most of the inputs and outputs used for transmission contol Within the software Conan ofthe PCM/TCM each inpuvoutput is assigned a specific tolerance or wineow fox proper operation. The CEMITCM constantly monitors the inputs/outputs and compares their values tothe windows roe inpuvoutput goes Tou © tht sPeciic window and other specific requirements are met, a mallunction cose wil be cer by the PCM/ TCM. Gy'xenly total of 19 codes relate to the transmission control system. Access to maltunction codes can be attained by two methods: manually and with a scan tool NOTE: Reter to Figure 4-8 (pg. 4-8) for proper diagnostic steps. Code Index Code Number Description Actions 14 Engine Temp High PCM/TCM substitutes default temp of 90°C (195°F) and TCC applies when engine is cold 18 Engine Temp Low Same as 14 a1 TPS Voltage High Maximum Line Pressure Harsh/Firm Shifts Fixed Shift Points 4th Gear Inhibited TCC Inhibited 22 TPS Voltage Low ‘Same as 21 24 Output Speed Low Maximum Line Pressure 2nd Gear Operation Only 28 PSM Invalid Combination High Line Pressure 4th Gear Inhibited TCC Inhibited “33, BARO High 04 BARO Low ‘37 Brake Switch Stuck ON “38 Brake Switch Stuck OFF 39 TCC Stuck OFF None 53 System Voltage High 2nd Gear Only Maximum Line Pressure TCC InhibitedSS Section 4: Electronic Transmission Diagnosis a Code Index (Cont'd) Code Number ‘Description 58 ‘Transmission Temp High 59 “69 ” "72 73 74 75 7 79 at 82 83 85 86 87 "89 1991 model year. 42 ‘Transmission Temp Low Overdrive Ratio Incorrect, TCC Stuck ON Engine Speed Low Output Speed Low Force Motor Current Incorrect Input Speed Low System Voltage Low Mode Select Switch Transmission Hot QDM Fault, B Solenoid ‘QDM Fault, A Solenoid QM Fault, TCC Undefined Ratio Solenoid B, Stuck ON Solenoid B, Stuck OFF Ls ‘Actions Substitutes Default Temp of 130°C (265°F). Harsh Shifts TCC in 2nd, 3rd and 4th Substitutes Defauit Temp of 190°C (265°F) Harsh Shifts TCC in 2nd, 3rd and 4th High Line Pressure 4th Gear Inhibited TCC Inhibited Maximum Line Pressure Maximum Une Pressure ud 2nd Gear Only TCC Inhibited Maximum Line Pressure 2nd Gear Only TCC Inhibited 2nd and 3rd Gears Only or ‘st and 4th Gears Only None Maximum Line Pressure ‘ Actions Inhibited Actions Inhibited Maximum Adaptive Learning and Long Shift Codes have been masked. These codes are not available for scan or manual diagnostics for the uJSection 4: Electronic Transmission Diagnosis Manual Method (Diagnostic Circuit Check) To manually access information codes, locate the ALDL connector (Figure 4-1), This connector contains 12 Cavities and is located on the driver's side of the vehicle at the base of the dash assembly. Code Display may be accessed as follows: Install a jumper across ALDL terminals A and B. Turn ignition to RUN position. Note “Service Engine Soon” or “TRANS? lights The sequence begins with the light flashing three Code 12s, which indicates the PCW/TCM is capable of diagnostics. 5. Following Code 12 displays, each stored code will be displayed three times in numeric order from lowest to highest. 6. When all codes have been displayed, Code 12 will again begin to flash, this indicates the end of Code Display. 7. As long as jumper is installed Code Display will Continue to repeat. equipment allows for a more thorough and timely ap- roach to diagnosis. The GMP6 controller being used with the 4L.80-E is a bidirectional, high-speed (8192 Baud) computer. When scan equipment is attached to the ALDL, the PCM/TCM will communicate with the scan equipment as well as allow the scan equipment to ‘communicate with it. This bidirectional ability allows you {0 not only monitor input/output information and maifunc- tion codes, but also affords you the opportunity to act as {an override to the PCM/TCM to control specific output Operations. Scan equipment will communicate with the PCM/TCM on the ‘serial data’ line (Pin M) of the ALDL connector. TECH 1 Note: TECH 1 information given here is brief and subject to change. More complete and accurate instructions are Provided with the transmission diagnosis cartridge itselt. The cartridge name is the Hydra-Matic 88-91 Transmis- sion Cartridge. It covers all automatic transmissions through the years 88-91 that interface with an ECM, PCM or TOM. NOTE: Attempting to use the Hydra-Matic transmission cartridge to clear non-trans- mission related codes or the ECM Plus Cartridge to clear transmission only related codes may not be successful. ‘TERMINAL IDENTIFICATION GROUND TC.C. (IF USED) DiAGNosric TERMINAL | G | FUEL PUMP (Ck) JA.LR. (IF USED) BRAKE SENSE SPEED INPUT (Ck) ‘SERIAL DATA (SEE SPECIAL TooLs) Figure 4-1, ALDL Connector Scan Tools The proper scan equipment for diagnosis of the 4L.80-E is ther the Tech 1 or the T-100. Diagnosis with scan ATTACHING THE TECH 1 1. Make sure the vehicle ignition is off! 2. Insert the Hydra-Matic 88-91 Transmission Car- tridge into the Master Cartridge Slot on the bottom of the TECH 1. Verify that no other "Master" Cartridge is installed in the auxiliary slot at the top of TECH 1 3. Connect the ALDL Cable to the top of the TECH 1 and tighten the screws, 4. Insert the TECH 1 power plug into the cigarette lighter and the Power-Up display will be visible on the TECH 1 screen {tthe Power-Up display is correct, continue to Step 5. anything other than the Power-Up display appears, or the screen is blank, go to Step 6 5. Turn the Ignition ON and you are ready to proceed with selecting the model year and transmission, 43Section 4: Electronic Transmission Diagnosis 6. Ifthe TECH 1 screen remains blank, DO NOT The TECH 1, equipped with the Hydra-Matic 88-91 CONNECT THE TECH 1 CABLE TO THE Transmission Cartridge, displays the following menu TECHS TES ALOL CONNECTOR. Damage tothe when connected fo the ALDL ofa vetiole equipped with a TECH 1 could result. Do the steps which follow: 4L80-E or 4L80-E/HD transmission (Figure 4-3). ‘Make sure that both the TECH 1 power plug and cigarette lighter socket have good, clean contacts. Cua Verity thatthe cigarette lighter has good fuse Stop the menu apy tom eying ©. Check that +12V power is present atthe ‘center contact of the lighter socket, and that Goto next page of menu, the outside contacto he lghtr socket is Daraust arounded. I the ighter socket has reverse Polarity, either rewire the lighter socket or use Sarr Tests, albattery adapter cable to power the TECH 1 tere 't the display is still not correct, Appendix B of F2 Engagements the handbook provided with the cartidge lets euemeen possible causes and remedies. I the problem invents Sew Continues, go to the TECH 1 operator's manual and perform the TECH 1 Selt-Test eee Procedure. Fi Fast Data i ise rests Using the TECH 1 “=. pert he TECH 1 by pressing buttons as shown in ne ecenesiee ‘Gute 4-2 to choose the desired response or operation, FP Sin Sa F2 Shit’ Sol 8 FS Gear Shit F6_ Force Motor F1__ Performance Test (N/A) Eee Return to vehicle selection, Answer questions asked by the TECH 1 ‘and scroll through data parameters. Return to previous step. Figure 4-3, Main Menu Used to control data display or to turn ‘outputs ON or OFF. Numeric keys (KOI ~ EJ): used for FO — Data List ‘entering trouble code designations or Program proper vehicle yeor This function enables the user to view PCM/TCM inputs and outputs coming to or from the transmission and its i! Funetion keys (GEI-GEI): used to select rom functions displayed on 8 ee t PCM Used at end of a numeric key sequence 9¢ 10 inform TECH 1 that a requested AA representative data lst (printout) for a PCM (gas een a emcaene engine) is shown in Figure 4-4 , General TECH 1 Key Functions 44Section 4: Electronic Transmission Diagnosis ee TECH 1 DATA LIST 1. INPUT SPEED 2. OUTPUT SPEED 3. ENGINE SPEED |. INPUT SPEED oRPM oRPM RPM RPM 1/21 3 RNG ON ON ON PRNDL SWITCH CURRENT GEAR SOLA SOL B DES. FORCE MOTOR 1. ACT. FORCE MOTOR DRIVE 2 2 OFF OFF 8.00 AMPS 00 AMPS BRAKE SWITCH OFF ‘SYSTEM VOLTAGE 122 1. COOLANT TEMP 28°C |. TRANS TEMP 25°C THROTTLE ANGLE o% 3. THROT POSITION 66 V Tec DUTY CYCLE 0% . TCC SLIP oRPM 1-2 SHIFT TIME SEC 2-9 SHIFT TIME SEC . TRANS GEAR RATIO 08 TURBINE SPEED Figure 4-4, PCM Data List FO is a read data function only. It displays transmission related data in preselected pairs. Data is updated at 200ms intervals. Scrolling is done with the "Yes" and “No” keys. Items not in sequence can be custom paired by locking one item at the top with the FO key and Scrolling the rest of the display up. If desired, items may ‘be custom paired by locking one item at the bottom with the F'1 key and scrolling the rest of the display down, TCM ‘Some test features are not available on vehicles which use a TCM: 1. Mode F1 Engagement tests cannot be run. 2. Coolant Temp is N/A. 3. Some data list items may read N/A. ‘A representative data list for a TCM (diesel) is shown in g ”“ Figure 4-5. TECH 1 DATA LIST 1. INPUT SPEED 2. OUTPUT SPEED 3. ENGINE SPEED oRPM 4. INPUT SPEED ORPM 5 1/2) 3 RNG ON ON ON 6. PRNDL SWITCH DRIVE 2 7. CURRENT GEAR 8 SOLA SOLB 9. DES. FORCE MOTOR 10. ACT. FORCE MOTOR 11, BRAKE SWITCH 12. SYSTEM VOLTAGE 13. COOLANT TEMP 14, TRANS TEMP 15. THROTTLE ANGLE 16. THROT POSITION 17. TCC DUTY CYCLE 18. TCC SLIP 19. 1-2 SHIFT TIME, 20. 2-3 SHIFT TIME 21. TRANS GEAR RATIO 22. TURBINE SPEED oRPM oRPM Figure 4-5, TCM Data List F1 — Shift Tests FO — Shift Points — This function monitors and stores engine and transmission data while a vehicle is driven through all shift points. Based on RPM drop and TCC ‘command by the PCM/TCM, TECH 1 will recognize each shift, calculate shift time and end the test when ‘commanded. Engine speed, transmission output speed, TPS, TCC and Gear are displayed, as well as printed. F1 — TCC Test— This function resembles the shift point test, however, TECH 1 only recognizes the TCC apply signal. The shift time determination begins at the apply ‘command and is based on TCC Slip (RPM Drop). If TCC fails to mechanically apply, a "NO TCC APPLY” message willbe displayed. TCC slip RPM, output speed (TOSS), TPS, TCC and coolant temp are displayed as well as printed.Section 4: Electronic Transmission Diagnosis —_—. F2— Engagements — This function monitors and stores, data when the vehicle is shifted out of Park or Neutral into a drive gear. The engagement time calculation is started with the change in the P/N switch state and is based on RPM drop. PRNDL, RPM, output speed, TPS and coolant temp are. displayed as well as printed. F2 — Trouble Codes On command, TECH 1 is able to display codes stored by the PCM/TCM. Codes are identified as either Current (C) or History (H). Codes are displayed one at a time and scrolled automatically. Codes may be cleared while in this mode by pressing the ENTER key following the ‘command “CLEAR CODES.” NOTICE: A Current Code is a code which is present all the time. To check if your code is current, erase the codes and operate the vehicle. If the same code returns, the code is classified as a current code. If the code no longer returns after operating the vehicle within the param- eters needed to set the code, the code which was stored is classified as a History Code. Current (or “Hard") codes indicate a present fault; History Codes indicate a fault which existed at one time, but is not now in effect. When dealing with certain History Codes, default actions, as described in earlier chapters, may still be evident. These defaults can exist if the vehicle has not yet reached or encountered a “Valid Condition,” or same set Of conditions for which the PCM/TCM tests for that fault. F3 — Snapshot ‘The SNAPSHOT function allows for capturing on com- mand a block of data and then replaying it. The SNAP- ‘SHOT can be taken anytime as an aid to detailed examination of a given fault Two modes of operation are possible: FO — Slow Data and F1 — Fast Data. 46 FO — Slow Data — This mode captures data similar to the DATA LIST mode. A sample of al items is made at the normal rate of 200ms intervals. Selections are offered which enable the operator to either trigger the ‘sample manually with the ENTER key, or automatically, {as conditions occur which cause a given malfunction code(s) to set F1 — Fast Data — This mode captures data 20 times per ‘second. At this speed the sample is limited to certain items. These include engine RPM, transmission output speed, TPS and gear. The trigger is manual only, using the ENTER key. It can be pressed up to seven (7) times to mark points in time over the course of the SNAPSHOT test. Replay and printout of the SNAPSHOT are available in either mode. A sample printout is shown in Figure 4-6. SLOW DATA MODE | SINGLE CODE ! = _KEY PRESS | SLOW DATA MODE Fé= REPLAY DATA =| I I VIEW STORED DATA | 4: FIRST SAMPLE | | F5= TRIGGER PT I LAST SAMPLE | THROTTLE ANGLE 42% THROTTLE POSITION 2.2v | | | | Teppurveveus sem | TCC SLIP RPM 17 j I eee eee | Figure 4-6, SNAPSHOT of 4L.80-ESection 4: Electro: Transmission Diagnosis FULL VISUAL INSPECTION ROAD Test f POSSIBLE) DiacNosTic CIRCUIT CHECK (WITH TECH 1) OR MANUALLY SES LIGHT SOLID Cove is ‘SYMPTOM WITH OR NOT PRESENT NO CODE FUNCTIONING | | | FOLLOW ‘SEE 3 COLUMN REFER TO DIAGNosTics DiAGNosTics SECTION 7Aa4 IN SECTION 7Aa4 SECTION 7 HISTORY CODE CURRENT CODE FOLLOW CODE ‘CHART ‘TROUBLE TREE CHECK WIRES AND PIN TENSION REPAIR CONDITION CLEAR CODES | ROAD Test VEHICLE Figure 4-8, Diagnosis Tree Chart NOTICE: PCM/TCM codes may be cleared by using one of the following methods: 1. Disconnect the battery. 2. Use Tech 1 or T-100 to clear the codes. 3. Cycle the ignition key at least 50 times. NOTICE: Do not use the code Trouble Tree Procedures to diagnose History Faults. History Codes are usually the result of ther than component oor connections rat failures.Section 4: Electronic Transmission Diagnosis ee Ee F4 — Misc Tests FO — Output Tests — This enables the user to override certain key PCM/TCM outputs. Currently, the following options are available (Figure 4-7): F4—TCC PWM SOL This option gives the user abilty to toggle the TCC ON or OFF, overriding commands from the PCM/ TCM. This function will “Time Out" after a certain period allowing the PCM/TCM to resume control of Tce. F5— Gear Control Selecting either solenoid for manual control auto- matically disables the other. Consequently, the ‘transmission will operate only in gears called for by ‘combinations having one or both solenoids OFF, ‘not those requiring both solenoids be ON. F1— Shift Solenoid “A” — This option gives the user control of Solenoid A," overriding commands from the PCM/TCM. Use the UP and DOWN arrows to switch the solenoid On and OFF. F2— Shift Solenoid “B" — This option gives the user control of Solenoid “B," overriding ‘commands from the PCM/TCM. Use the UP and DOWN arrows to switch the solenoid ON and OFF. F3.— Gear Shifts — This option enables the User to select any forward gear, overriding the PCM/TCM command. This function does not “Time Out,” as does the TCC function, but gear override operation is limited. See the TECH 1 Cartridge Manual for specific imita- tions F6 — Force Motor — This option enables the user to control desired Force Motor amperage up or down. Amperage reads directly and operates within the range of 0.5 to 1.0 amps. All Output Tests, with the exception of the Force Motor Test, can be run while driving the vehicle or ‘operating it on a hoist. The Force Motor Test can ‘only be run with the vehicle idling in Park. | QUTRUT opTions Fis SHIFT SOL A | | Fee SHIFT SOLB | F32 GEAR SHIFTS ‘OUTPUT OPTIONS | Fa= TCC PWM SOL | F5= GEAR CONTROL | Fé= FORCE MOTOR Figure 4-7, MISC TESTS Menu F1 — Performance Test — TECH 1 is currently unable to give Performance Tests with the 4L80-E because 4L80-E shift points are determined not from mph but transmis- sion output speed. 47Fig. 74-2 Automatic transmission (General Motors Hydramatic 4L80-E) main components 1 Torque converter 2 Torque converter clutch 3. Oil pump 4 Epicyclic gear train ‘The General Motors Hydramatic 4L80-E automatic transmission comprises two main elements, a torque converter (see fig. T4-2, item 1) and an epicyclic gear train (see fig. T4-2, item 2). The epicyciic gear train consists of three planetary gearsets which provide four forward and one reverse gear ratio, First == 2.48:1 Second - 1.48:1 Third == 1.00:1 Fourth - 0.75: Reverse - 2.08:1 ‘The torque converter is a fluid coupling which transfers engine torque to the transmission ‘smoothly and at the same time provides torque multiplication of up to 2.2 times the input torque when required. The torque converter fitted to the Hydramatic 4L80-E transmission incorporates a torque 5 Clutch assembly 6 Brake band assembly 7 Control valve block assembly 8 Gear change actuator converter clutch which locks up the torque converter when required to provide a direct drive from the engine to the transmission. Selection of the required gear ratios is achieved by the hydraulic engagement of ‘appropriate clutch assemblies and/or brake bands, the operation of which is controlled by valves contained in the control valve block assembly. The Control valves respond to inputs from the gear change actuator and an electronic control system, Hydraulic pressure for the torque converter ‘and control system is produced the transmission’s oil pump. The hydraulic system includes a heat exchanger located in the bottom half of the radiator matrix.face Bor 1h: Driver's control of the General Motors Hydramatic 4L80-E automatic transmission is provided by a conventional Rolls-Royce gear range selector lever ‘which controls the operation of the gear change actuator to select the required gear range. Selection of the appropriate gear ratio within the chosen gear range is achieved automatically by the valves in the control vaive block assembly which react to inputs from the control system's electronic control unit, the powertrain control ‘module transmission (PCMT) which responds to: driver's inputs from: * a full throttle kickdown function derived from operation of the accelerator pedal + a’Manual mode’ selection switch (all Rolls-Royce and Bentley motor cars) + a ‘Sport mode’ selection switch (Bentley turbocharged motor cars only); ‘engine inputs from: * a throttle position sensor + a boost pressure sensor (Bentley turbocharged motor cars only) + _an engine speed sensor; transmission inputs from: + a transmission input shaft speed sensor + a transmission output shaft speed sensor + apressure switch manifold + _atransmission temperature sensor; and inputs from: * an air conditioning compressor clutch signal + barometric pressure sensor + the brake switch The electronic control system optimises the ratio selected, upshift and downshift patterns and feel according to prevailing operating conditions and diver selected modes of operation. The system incorporates intelligent adaptive ‘selfearning functions which account for operation at high altitude and wear of the transmission ‘components. The electronic control system incorporates a fail-safe limp home mode which automatically selects second gear in the event the electronic ‘system being disabled. At the same time, a self- diagnostic function continually monitors the operation of the automatic transmission’s electrical and electronic control components and compares their operation against specific acceptable ‘operating criteria, thereby recognising the presence of faults which may cause the transmission to ‘malfunction. it records the presence of any such faults in the form of fault codes each comprising two digits. The fault codes can be retrieved by technicians to assist with fault diagnosis. area1 uogeede eu swos pu serosa » ard[A6E Se Neo 7 Se i ST dee SR Rpt Car Lane 8d 14-5pace 6 OF —_ Powertrain Control Module Transmission (PCMT) The Powertrain Control Module - Transmission (PCMT) is located next to the steering column (see fig. T4-5), The same PCMT is used for all motor cars, ‘naturally aspirated and turbocharged. Configuration is achieved by a set of parameter coding connections taped into the wiring loom to the PCMT. Parameter coding connections (See fig. T4-5, item 1) The coding connections consist of three wires a black wire, a blue orange wire and a white orange wire. ‘The correct parameter coding combinations are: Turbocharged engines with catalyst Blue orange connected to the black Turbocharged engines without catalyst Black disconnected. Naturally aspirated engines with catalyst Blue orange and white orange connected to the black. Naturally aspirater' ~-~ines without catalyst White orange connected to the black. Important tis most important that the PMT is Configured correctly for the motor car. Gearchanges on turbocharged ‘motor cars occur at higher road speeds and clutch and band engagements are firmer to control the increased torque ‘output from the turbocharged engine. a PCMT, fitted to a turbocharged ‘motor car, is Configured as a naturally aspirated unit, increased clutch slip will cause damage to the transmission. @ sweat €t ‘AoizeinensrT Fig. T4-5 Powertrain control module - Transmission (PCMT) 1 Parameter coding connections M 2 me D0 snetnewad, & 2 StUs2019 SNOT 8 ‘ Yeoubensy eruaema vis mesey@ towne fepe* T rosneg Rolisag eteNATSection T6 pee oar om Transmission operating characteristics Introduction The incorporation of electronic controls on the 4L.80-E automatic transmission optimise gear ratio Selection and gearchange point selection to achieve maximum fuel efficiency and emission Control according to designated engine and driving Parameters. At the same time, they provide ‘extremely smooth and precise gearchanges. !n addition to the conventional park (P), reverse (R) and neutral (N) gear ranges, the driver's controls of the 4L.80-E automatic transmission provide three separate forward drive ranges, D, 3, and 2 of the four available gear ratios and torque converter clutch engagement as follows: D- 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th and torque converter clutch engaged. 3 - 1st, 2nd and 3rd. 2 - 1stand 2nd, Dependant on marque and model, these ranges are enhanced by the availability of two (on on-turbocharged motor cars) or three (on turbocharged motor cars) driver selectable ‘operating modes, normal, manual and sport (turbocharged motor cars only) available on each ‘gear range selection. Normal mode provides a standard set of characteristics appropriate to driving on normal ‘oad surfaces under normal weather and driving ‘conditions. Manual mode minimises the torque transmitted to the wheels by inhibiting first gear Operation and changing up at low road speeds to provide a set of operating characteristics suitable {or driving in adverse weather conditions where oor tyre adhesion prevails, such as on snow, ice oF loose surfaces. Sport mode, which is available on turbocharged motor cars only, provides a set of characteristics which make the transmission more responsive under transient conditions. Fig. T6-1 summarises the gear ratios available for each driver selectable gear range and mode option. Inall cases the PCMT selects and times the Lupchanges and downchanges according to pre- Programmed maps which define gearchange points according to selected gear range, selected operating mode, prevailing throttle position, engine speed and road speed. Fig. 6-1 4L80E Gear ratios available for each ‘gear range and mode option Gearchanges on turbocharged motor cars Occur at higher road speeds than their equivalent Gearchanges on non-turbocharged motor cars. Printed in England TS0 5230—_ Position D - Drive Normal mode When the gear range selector lever is in position D (Drive) with Normal mode selected, all four forward Gear ratios, 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th, and torque ‘converter clutch engagement are available. The transmission automatically selects the ‘most appropriate forward gear, first, second, third or fourth according to prevailing operating conditions. Manual mode ‘When the gear range selector lever is in position D (Drive) with the Manual mode selected, 2nd, 3rd ‘and 4th gear ratios, and torque converter clutch ‘engagement only are available. Upchanges occur at lower road speeds than those achieved when Normal mode is selected. Sport mode (Turbocharged motor cars only) When the gear range selector lever is in position D (Drive) with the Sport mode selected, all four forward gear ratios, 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th, and torque converter clutch engagement are available. Upchanges occur at higher road speeds than those achieved when Normal mode is selected, Position 3 - Third Normal mode ‘When the gear range selector lever is in position 3 (Third) with Normal mode selected, 1st, 2nd and 3rd gear ratios only are available. Gearchanges occur at higher road speeds than when D is selected, providing quicker acceleration characteristics. Caution Do not select the third range position (3) at speeds above: * 105 milesshour (170 km/hr) on naturally aspirated motor cars and Bentley Continental R motor cars, +120 miles/nour (193 km/hr) on Bentley Turbo R motor cars, as the transmission is not able to change up to top gear. Manual mode When the gear range selector lever is in position 3 (Third) with the Manual mode selected, 2nd and 3rd gear ratios only are available. Upchanges ocour at lower road speeds than those achieved when Normal mode is selected. fur 8 0% 1) Sport mode (Turbocharged motor cars only) ‘When the gear range selector lever is in position 3 (Third) with the Sport mode selected, 1st, 2nd and 8rd gear ratios only are available. Upchanges occur at higher road speeds than those achieved when Normal mode is selected. Position 2 - Second Normal mode When the gear range selector lever is in position 2 (Second) with Normal mode selected, 1st and 2nd ‘gear ratios only are available. Gearchanges ocour at higher road speeds than when D is selected, providing quicker acceleration characteristics. Caution Do not select the second range position at speeds above: + 70 miles/hour (113 km/hr) on ‘naturally aspirated motor cars and Bentley Continental R motor cars, + 80 milesshour (128 km/hr) on Bentley Turbo R motor cars, as the transmission is not able to change up to top gear. Sport mode (Turbocharged motor cars only) ‘When the gear range selector lever is in position 2 (Second) with the Sport mode selected, ist and 2nd gear ratios only are available. ‘The 1st - 2nd upchange occurs at a higher ‘oad speed than the gearchange achieved when Normal mode is selected. Okmse wre Wiad Quo BF Pte 5 5 r000 Saou cement sone: oh TWpoe conv Ten oaSection T10 pre to BF IS Automatic transmission service procedures Transmission fluid check (See fig. T10-1) Transmission fluid checks have made easier by repositioning the filer tube. It is no longer necessary to remove the protective cover from the windscreen wiper mechanism when checking the transmission fluid level. To check the transmission fluid level correctly, ark the car on a level surface and chock the wheels. 1. Start and run the engine in Park for 3 to 4 ‘minutes to allow it to reach normal operating temperature and normal idle speed. 2. While the engine is warming up, clean the top of the dipstick. 3. Now sit in the driver's seat and firmly apply the footbrake and move the gear selector to each of the gear range positions in turn, pausing briefly {at each selector position. This ensures that all the “hydraulic circuits are correctly filled with fluid, Warning _Itis most important to keep the footbrake applied throughout this operation as the parking brake will release automatically as soon as the ‘gear range selector is moved to a gear Position. 4. Return the gear selector to the park position and re-apply the parking brake. 5. Release the footbrake. 6. Then withdraw the dipstick from the filler tube and check the fluid level, while the engine is stil idling lt should be between the two circular dot ‘marks which represent the cold check level (See fig. T10-2, A). 7. _ Next drive the car to warm up the transmission. This will equire a journey of about 15 miles (24 kilometres) open road driving or 10 miles (16 kilometres) driving in town. 8. Then repeat the complete transmission fluid level check This time the level should be in the crosshatched area which represents the hot check level (See fig. T10-2, B) 9. _ Ifthe level is incorrect, top up with the fluid Specified in the appropriate workshop manual. Do Not overfill the transmission. Fig. T10-1 Automatic transmission fluid dipstick Fig. 710-2 Automatic transmission fluid dipstick level markings A Cold check level B Hot check level[4 © OFT 7 Minimum throttle fs ies Tec Full throttle to kickdown BITE site Normal 10 milem 16 kmh 20 mile 32 km/h 26 miler 42 kv 50 mile 80 krvh 32 mile 51 kmh ‘56 milerh 90 krvh 83 mile 134 kmvh 118 mile 185 kmvh 41 mileyh 68 kr 7Omileh — 113 kmvh 105 mile/h 170 krvh 115 mile 185 km/h Sport Not available Not lable Not available Not available Not available Not available Not avaitable Not available Not available Not available Not avaiiable Not available Manual Not available 30mileh 16 kmh 30 mileth 48 krvh ‘50 mile 80 kmh Not available 20mileh 32 kmh 45 mile 72 krvh 70 mile — 113 km/h 41 mileh 66 kmvh 70 mileh 113 kmh 405 miley 170 krvh 41145 milem 185 krvh Fig. 76-2 4L60E Gearchange speeds- range D, All non- turbocharged motor cars Minimum throttle Full throttle to kickdown 1-2 23 a4 Tec Kickdown 2 3 a4 Tec Normal 12mileh — 19 kv 20mileh — 32 km/n 30 mile — 48 kmh 45 mileh 72 km/h 40 mile — 64 km 70 mileh — 113 kmh 85 mile 197 kv 325 mileh 201 kmvh 45mileh 72 km/h 80 miley 128 km/h 120 mile 193 kmvh 125 mile — 201 kmvh Sport 12mileh 19 kmvh 20 mileh — 32 km/h 30 mile 48 kmvh 45 mile — 72 kmh 45mileh —72km/h 78 mileth 126 km/h 109 mileh 175 kmvh 125 mileh 201 km/h 45 mile 72 kmvhy 80 mileh 128 kmvh 120 mile 193 km/n 125 mile 201 km/h Manual Not available 10milem — 16 krvh 30mileh 48 kn ‘50 milerh 80 krvh Not available 20 miler 32 krvh 45 miley 72 kmvh 7Omieh —113km/h 45 mileyh 72 krvh 80 mile 128 kmvh 120 milem 193 km/h 125 mile 201 kmh Fig. T6-3 4L80E Gearchange speeds- range D, Bentley Turbo R motor cars [_ Normal ‘Sport ‘Manual Minimum throtio 1-2 11 mien —18kmh 41 mlm 18kmh Not avaiable 2-3 1emlom —254ewh —1@mlem 29mm “Oren 16 kmm 3-4 27 mioh 43kmh 27 mln Ahm ~—«dmlem AER Tec S0mlem —sOkmm © SOmilom eDAmm —SOmiom SAT Full throttle to kickdown 1-2 37 miem —6oKmn G4kmm Not avaliable 2-3 Simm — SBkmn taBkmvy—20miem Sekmh 3-4 75miem —i2thmh 1S4kmm 45 mlem—7ekmh Tec Omiem 17kmm —110miom 177kmm — 2m ToDo Kickdown 1-2 4omiom —Sekmm —4omiloh—6&kmh AO mom Bb mm 23 7omiom 113mm © 70mlem—t1Shmm omen SaaS 34 110mm 177kmh 110 mlem 177k ~— Nomen SKIN Toc 125mlem 20tkmm —_425mleh 20tkmm — t28mlom sor ken Fig. T6-4 4L80E Gearchange speeds- range D, Bentley Continental R motor cars ose Printed in Enaland TS0 5230,Section T11 fe Automatic transmission fault codes Introduction ‘The PCMT continually monitors the Operation and Performance of the automatic transmission, its electrical and electronic control systems and their ‘components and compares their operation and performance against specific acceptable criteria, thereby recognising the occurrence of faults which may Cause the transmission to malfunction. It records the occurrence of any such faults in the form of fault codes in a memory unction used ‘specifically for this purpose. Each fault code comprises two digits. The fault codes can be retrieved by technicians to assist with fault diagnosis. Fault codes can be retrieved from the PCMT either by using the Mastercheck diagnostic test equipment RH 12600 or by a manual method similar to the retrieval of fault codes from the PCME (K-Motronic engine management system electronic control unit). Note The PCMT checks the validity of any fault Code it registers by checking whether or not the condition which generated the code originally is repeated during the following 50 ignition switch on-off cycles. If the fault is not repeated, the PCMT then erases the code. ‘When investigating a reported transmission fault, always check the PCMT for fault codes before carrying out any other ‘work to avoid the possibilty of erasing any registered fault codes by switching the ignition on and off when checking the motor car. Ve OF AS 7805230£m Manual retrieval and deletion of PCMT fault codes ‘The fault codes can be retrieved and deleted ‘manually in a similar manner to the retrieval and erasure of K-Motronic diagnostic codes on motor cars from VIN 30001. trip odometer and warning panel TRIP and CANCEL control buttons simultaneously {and hold them for 8 seconds until the driver's information and warming panel enters the diagnostic mode. This is indicated by the trip-odometer display ‘showing the unit's serial number for two seconds followed by the option select display of vertical characters. 2. _ Press the combined K-Motronic Transmission diagnostic switch on the fuseboard downwards for at least a second to instruct the PCMT to deliver blink code signals to the dot matrix panel. 3. The fault codes are displayed in the form of a sequence of blink codes, each comprising two digits, in the form of flashes of the CHECK GEARBOX legend in the warning panel in a similar manner to other fault code displays. Each flash comprises a half a second illumination of the CHECK GEARBOX legend followed by a halt a second extinguished panel. The warning panel extinguishes for one second between digits and for three seconds between fault codes. ‘The sequence for the PCMT fault codes always begins with the code 12 which is displayed three times. If any fault codes are stored in the memory, each code is displayed three times before the next code is displayed. At the end of the sequence code 12 is displayed again. Fig. T11-2 shows the flashing action of the CHECK GEARBOX legend for an example where fault code 22 only has been recorded. Tm all mit zs =a Fig. T11-1 Combined K-Motronic Transmission diagnostic switch 4, _ Ifo fault codes are stored in the PCMT, code 12 will be displayed continuously. 5. _Alist of fault codes appears in the appropriate ‘section of the workshop manual and is repeated on pages T11-4 and T11-5 of this Service Training Data book. Note The fault codes can also be read without Placing the driver's information and warning panel in the diagnostic mode. Pressing the combined K-Motronic Transmission diagnostic switch on the fuseboard downwards for at least a second will cause the PCMT to display its recorded fault codes in a series of flash codes ‘comprising half a second illumination of the CHECK GEARBOX legend followed by half a ‘second illumination of the combined battery and oil ccan symbol. At the same time each fault code is ‘accompanied by audible beeps corresponding to the digits of the fault code. Manual deletion of PCMT fault codes To delete the PCMT fault codes, press the combined K-Motronic/4L80E diagnostic switch on the fuseboard downwards for at least 15 seconds. onl t cA 1 lczaroox xX» 2 1 rz =»>X Fig. T11-2 Transmission fault code sequence, fault code 22 recordedprge (7 OF Mastercheck diagnostic test unit ‘The new Mastercheck diagnostic test unit can be connected to the diagnostic plug in the fuseboard and the codes can be read and deleted using the fault code routine provided in the automatic transmission test card. Procedure for retrieval and deletion of PCMT fault codes using Mastercheck 1. Ensure that the parking brake is firmly applied. 2. _Ensure that the gear range selector lever is in the Park position (P). 3. Ensure that the ignition is switched off. 4. Assemble and connect the Mastercheck diagnostic test unit to the diagnostic plug in the fuseboard (see fig. T11-3). 5. _ Insert the transmission data card into the key pad unit 6. _ Press button F2 to switch the Mastercheck diagnostic test unit on. 7. _ Follow the test procedure as directed by the Mastercheck diagnostic test unit's screen to read the fault codes. 8. Carry out any appropriate diagnostic test Sequence using the Mastercheck diagnostic test unit 9. Camry out any required repairs. 10. Follow the test procedure as directed by the Mastercheck diagnostic test unit's screen to delete the fault codes. 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