c

rptkak;

Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;- ghfk; .3
vd;id ngw;nwLj;J ngah;nfhLj;J mwpTk; QhdKk; fiyAk;
Gfl;b vd;Ds; ,Ue;J tpj;jfdha; Mf;fpitf;Fk; vd;ngw;Nwhh;fF
;
,d;Ehy; fhzpf;if

- Mf;fk; rpthfk tprhuj rpj;jhe;jtpj;jfh; fiykhkzp

lhf;lh;-gpuk;k=.rhk;g-Nrhkh];fe;j FU[P
<o.ey;Yhh;.rpthr;rhh;a FUgPlk; 416 839 2325

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj.Kj;jkpo;FUkzp.fiykhkzp lhf;lh;.v];.v];.FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

c
141-143tiu-njupe;J
nghUslf;fk;.
nfhs;s.
1.Myak; GU~&gk;.
98..vOtifj;
j
hz;
l
tk;
2.
32.Njtfd;dah;-2
63.Ntjpiffs;-1
144.rpthtp~;ZMyak;
2; radepiy
64.Fz;lq;fs;-1
33.frhAjq;fs;-1
99..vOtifj;jhz;ltk;-3
mikf;Fk;tpjp
3.];JhyruPuk;.
65.Fz;
l
q;
f
s;
2
34.jrhAjq;fs;-2
100..vOtifj;jhz;ltk;-4
66.G+h;tj;Jthuk;
4.G+h;zFk;gk;
101.glq;fs;
35.jrhAjq;fs;-3
67.fyrtpjpfs;-1
5.Gz;zpahfk;.
102.,iwrpifmyq;fhuk;-1
36.MAjq;fs;-1
68.fyrtpjpfs;-26.Nfhkhjh
103.,iwrpifmyq;fhuk;-2
37.MAjq;fs;-2
69.fyrtpjpfs;-3
7.jpUtpsf;F
70.fyrtpjpfs;-4
104.,iwrpifmyq;fhuk;-3
38.MAjq;fs;-3
8.ntw;wpiy
71.fyrtpjpfs;
5
105.,iwrpifmyq;fhuk;-4
39.MAjq;fs;-4
72.fyrtpjpfs;-6
9.Njhuzk;
106.,iwmzpfyq;fs;-1
40..MAjq;fs;-5
73.fyrtpjpfs;-7
10.FUkfj;Jtk;.
41.MAjq;fs;-6
107.,iwmzpfyq;fs;-2
74.fyrtjpfs;-8
11.cs;sq;if
42-MAjq;fs;-7
75.fyrtjpfs;-9
108.,iwmzpfyq;fs;-3
12.ngupakzp
43.nfhbkuk;
76.fyrtjpfs;-10
109.Milmzpfyq;fs;-1
44.nfhbr;rPiy-1
13.ifkzp
77.fyrtjpfs;-11
110.epw;Fk;Nfhyq;fs;
45.nfhbr;rPiy-2
14.ee;jpthj;jpak;
78.fyrtjpfs;-12
111.,Uf;ifepiyfs;-1
46.Njh;
79.fyrtjpfs;-13
15.Ngupthj;jpak;
112.,Uf;ifepiyfs;-2
80.jPl;rhkz;lyk;
47.Kj;jpiufs;-1
16.ehj];tuk;
81.uh[NfhGuk;
113.,iw`];jk;
48.Kj;jpiufs;-2
17.tPzh
82.Jtpjstpkhdk;
114.fzgjpahfFk;gk;49.fw;G+uk;
18.gQ;rKfthj;ak;
83.jpupjstpkhdk;
115.rptahfFk;gk;
50.Mwhjhuk;
84.fw;gfpufk;-1
19.Qhdfl;fk;
116-fhspahfFk;gk;
51.Mwhjhuk;-1
85.fw;gfpufk;-2
20.kpWj;rq;fpufzk;
117.khupahfFk;gk;
52.Mwhjhuk;-2
86-Jhz;tiffs;
21.th];J(kz;Lfgjk;) 53.Mwhjhuk;-3
87.gjtpd;ahrk;
118.igutahfFk;gk;
22.th];J(gukrhapgjk;) 54.Mwhjhuk;-4
88.gQ;rhkphjk;
119.F`ahfFk;gk;
89.Jthughyh;-1
23.uf;N~hf;d gjk;
55.~Lj;jhrdk;
120 gtpj;jpuk;
90.Jtughyh;-2
56.Ntjpiffs;-1
24.gpuNtrgyp
121.<rhehjpgQ;r%h;j;jpfs;
91.jrjuprdk;
25.tpehafh;m~;lkq;fyk;. 57.Ntjpiffs;-2
123 tiu.
92.G+i[cgfuzk;
26.me;jzh;m~;lkq;fyk;.58.Ntjpiffs;-3
124.-;128tiu jPgcgrhuk;
59.gQ;rhrdNtjpif.4 93.
27.murh;m~;lkq;fyk;.
129-131tiu-rpWf;rpWtNgjk;.
.60.gQ;rhrdk;-1
94.mq;Frh];jpuk;
28.Ntshsh;m~;lkq;fyk;.61.gQ;rhrdk;-2
95.rpth];uk;
132-134tiu.th`dq;fs;
29.Njtpm~;lkq;fyk;
96.;F`h];jpuk;
135-137tiu rg;jkhjhf;fs;/
97.rf];uypq;fk;
30.Njth~;lkq;fyk;.
97.vOtifj;jhz;ltk;-1 138-140tiu-etf;fpuf epiyfs;.

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj.Kj;jkpo;FUkzp.fiykhkzp
lhf;lh;.v];.v];.FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3
c

tho;j;Jiu
Nguhrpupah;.fyhepjp eh.Rg;gpukzpad;. (Kd;idehs; jkpo;gN
; guhrpupah;.aho;.gy;fiyf;fofk;)
rka newpnahd;wpy; Kiwahf xOf tpiogth;fSf;F mr;rkakuG rhh;ej
; topghl;Lnewp Kiwfspy;
<LghLk; gapy;epiyj;njspTk; mtrpak;vd;gJ ntspg;gil. nrhy;ypaghl;bd; nghUs;czh;e;Jnrhy;Ygth;Nf
,iwgjg;NgW fpl;Lk;vd;gJ kzpthrfg;ngUkhd; Nghd;w Md;Nwhh;fspd; mUs;thf;fhFk;.nrhy;ypaghl;bd;
nghUs; kl;Lky;y mJrhh; nrad;KiwfSk; mtrpakhdit vdf;nfhs;tJ MfkkuG. ,t;thwhd Mfk
kugpd; rpe;jidtop cUthd Ehyhf;fNk ,J. rpthfkf; fpupianewprhh; mk;rq;fisAk; nghUj;jkhd fl;Gyf; fhl;rpfshf
ek;Kd;itj;J irttopghl;Lnewpf;F tsk; Nrh;jJ
; s;shh; fiykhkzp lhf;lh; rhk;grpt-Nrhkh];fe;j FU[P mth;fs;.
,t;thwhd xUEhyhf;fj;jpw;F rkakuGgw;wpa nghJepiy mwpTkl;Lk; NghJtjd;W rpwg;Gepiy jfikfSk; rpyNjit
vd;gJntspg;gil. mt;tifapy;..MfkkuG gw;wpa Gyik Muha;r;rp. kw;wJ mk;kuGrhh; fpupia newpfspy; ePz;l gapw;r;rp.
%d;whtJ...Mfkg;Gyik..gapw;rr
; prhh; mk;rq;fis Xh; fiyQdhf epd;W ntspg;gLj;Jk; Gidthw;wy; ,k; %d;Wmk;rq;fis
Ak; lhf;lh; FU[P mth;fsplk; epiwthfg; nghUe;jpapUg;gijf; fhzyhk;. mjw;F mbg;gilf;fhuzk; rpthfkkugpd; jiyik
Ak; gapw;r;rpj; jpwDk; MrhumD~;lhdKk; MSikAk; nfhz;l ,yq;if ,e;Jkj FUgPlhjpgjpahf njupTnra;ag; ngw;w
itj;jpafyhepjp rpthfkQhdp ];fe;j.rhk;grpt rpthr;rhh;ahh; mth;fspd; Gjy;tuhfg; gpwe;j jtg;gaNdahFk;.
,t;thwhd FUghuk;gupa newpKiwapy; Ntjk;.rpthfkk;.Guhzk;.,jpfhrk;.irtrpj;jhe;jk;. jkpo;rk];fpUj ghygz;bjh;tFg;G
,ay;.,ir.ehlfk;. tpy;ypir. fjhgpurq;fk;. rkar;nrhw;nghopT. N[hjplk;. rpw;gk;. Xtpak;.FUj;Jtk;. ,g;gb gy;Jiwfspy;
rpwg;Gepiy MSik nfhz;l fiy ty;Ydh; ehd;fz;ltiu fiykhkzp lhf;lh; FU[P xUtNujhd;.
gy Fk;ghgpN~fq;fs;. kNfhw;rq;fis jiyikf;FUthf elhj;jpitj;j ngUikAk; jd;dlf;fKk; nfhz;lth;. ,tuhy; Kd;
dh; vOjpntspaplg;ngw;w ehd;FEhy;fSk; rkaMh;tyh;fSf;Fk; FUkhh;r%fj;jpw;Fk; gad;ghLilajhf mikag;ngw;Ws;sJ.
,t;thwhd gd;Kf MSiknfhz;l FU[P mth;fspd; nraYhf;fj;jpd; Kf;fpa njhlh;ntspg;ghLfspnyhd;whf ,g;nghOJ
ntsptUk; ,e;Ehy; rkakuGNgZk; ehl;lk; nfhz;lth;fSf;Fk; MfkkuGNgZk; FUkhh;fSf;Fk; ngUtpUe;jhf mikAk;
vd;gJ vkJek;gpf;if. ,e;Ehyhf;fj;ij je;Js;s FU[P mth;fs; ,JNghd;W gaDs;s Mf;fq;fis ntspaPLnra;a ,iw
mUs;mUNshL tho;jj
; paikfpNwd;.
07-09-2006
eh.Rg;gpukzpad;.
fiykhkzp lhf;lh;.FU[P mth;fspd; Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;ghfk;-3 Ehy; irtcyfpw;F gaDilajhf mikatho;jJ
; fpNwhk;.
md;Gld;....rpt=;rpt.epj;ahde;jf;FUf;fs; rqfhid.
rpt=.rpt.fhe;jf;FUf;fs;(jiyth;.,e;JFUkhh;xd;wpak;.fdlh)
rpt=.rhk; uh[hf;FUf;fs; (rTj;jhgpupf;fh lh;ghd; tpehafh; Njt];jhdk;)
rpt=.uhk;.nfq;fhjuf;FUf;fs;. yz;ld;.
rpt=.uhk;.rh;tNyhNf];tuf;FUf;fs;.(gpuk;ld;.fw;gftpehafh;Nfhtpy;);
rpt=.thfP]t
; ufFUf;fs;.(myq;fhug+~zk;)
rpt=.rpthIah. (=Jh;ifak;kd; Nfhtpy; nkhd;wpay;.)

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj.Kj;jkpo;FUkzp.fiykhkzp lhf;lh;.v];.v];.FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

rpthfktpj;thd; rpthfkQhdrhfuk;
lhf;lh;.eh.Nrhkh];fe;jf; FUf;fs;
(Rz;zhfk; fjpukiyrptd;Njt];jhdk;)

-MrpAiu-

aho;g;ghzk;-ethypA+h;
gpujp~;lhrpNuhkzp fpupahfpukN[hjp
fyhepjp.gpuk;k=.rhkp-tp];tehjf;FUf;fs;
nts;stj;ij.nfhOk;G

-MrpAiu-

,iwtd; mUspd;wp vk;khy; vijAk; nra;JKbf;f ,ayhJ.ekJ ekJehl;bd; FUgPlhjpgjpahf jpfoe;j Mfkrh];j;jpuGuhz
vz;zk;ey;yjhapUg;gpd; vLj;jfhupaq;fis ,dpjhfTk;,yFthf khNkij itj;jpafyhepjp. ey;Yhh; rhk;grpt rpthr;rhh;ahh;
Tk; ,iwtd; Kbj;Jj;jUthd;.
mth;fspd; Gjy;th; fiykhkzp Nrhkh];fe;j FU[P mth;f
me;jtifapy; gy;NtW Jiwfs; rk;ge;jg;gl;l mwpTf;fsQ;rpaq; spd; Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;.ghfk-3 vDk;Ehy; ntspaPL nra;tJ
fshfpa gyMfk rh];jj
; pu Ehy;fis vOjpmr;Nrw;wp ntspaPL mwpe;J kfpo;rr
; pailfpNwd;. MfkmwpTk; Muhr;rpAk; fiyAk;
nra;JtUk; Kj;jkpo;FUkzp rpthfktprhuj fiykhkzp
rpwe;j ,tuJ 4Ehy;fs; Vw;fdNt ntspaplg;ngw;W gyUila
fiyQh;.lhf;lh;.rhk;grpt-Nrhkh];fe;j FU[P mth;fs; jw;nghOJ ghuhl;LfisAk;ngw;wth;.,tUila ehd;FEhy;fspd; ntspaPl;
Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;.%d;whtJ ghfj;jpid ntFrpukj;jpd; kj;jpapy; L tpohtpYk;; ahd; fye;J nfhz;Nld;.jw;nghOJ ntspapLk;
jahupj;J ntspaPLnra;tJ ngupJk; ghuhl;lg;glj;jf;fJ.
Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;.3 Ehy; Kd;ida Ehy;fistpl rpwg;G
,th; gy;NtW Mfkq;fis Muhr;rpnra;J MjhuG+h;tkhd gy
ld; gytpjMfk tp~aq;fs; tpsf;fg;glq;fSld; ntsptUt
tp~aq;fis fz;lwpe;J mtw;iw rh];jpNuhj;jkkhf tiue;Jk; jhy; ,J irtkf;fSf;Fk; FUkhh;fSf;Fk; kpfTk; mtrpa
tpsf;fq;fSld; ntspaPlL
; s;shh;.,jw;F ,tuJ MfkEz;zwpT khd xH;nghf;fp~khf mikAk; vd;gjpy; re;Njfkpy;iy.
k; rpj;jpuk;tiuAk; fiyawpTk; JizGupe;jpUf;fpwJ. Vw;fdNt
gyre;Njfq;fSf;F tpsf;fg;glq;fSld; 10f;Fk;Nkw;gl;l Mf
gj;ufhspkz;lg G+i[. Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs; ghfk;-1. ghfk;-2 ,g;gb kq;fis Muha;e;J ekf;F gymupa tp~aq;fis ntspf;
gy Ehy;fis ntspaPlL
; jkpoPoj;jpYk; jkpofj;jpYk; ghuhl;Lg;
nfhz;Lte;J jdJ Xtpajpwikahy; rpj;juq;fshf tiue;J
ngw;w,th; rpthfkGuhz jj;JtQhdp,yq;if,e;JkjgPlhjpgjp ntspaPL nra;fpwhh;.,tuJ jpwikia Kaw;rpia ghuhl;Lt
itj;jpafyhepjp .];fe;j-rhk;grptrpthr;rhh;ahh; mth;fspd;Gjy;tu; NjhL NkYk; gy MfkMa;TEhy;fis ntspapl;L rkaj;jp
Mthh;.
rpthfkEz;mwpit je;ijaplk;fw;Wzh;e;jNjhL w;Fk; vkJ r%fj;jpw;Fk; mupanjhz;Lfs; nra;a ,iwtid
ey;Yhh; fzgjP]t
; uFUFyj;jpy; rk];fpUjghygz;bjh;tiufw;w Ntz;b tho;jj
; p ey;yhrpfisAk; jUfpNwd;.
th;.ey;Yhh;Qhdrk;ge;jh;MjPdj;jpy; irtrpj;jhe;jtpj;jfh; gl;lk;
Rgk];J
ngw;wth;.,ir.eldk; N[hjplk;.rpw;gk;.rpj;jpuk;.tpy;ypir.gpurq;fk;
ftpij vd gyJiw mwpe;jth;.,tUila,e;Ehy; rkaMh;tyh;f
gpuk;k= rhkp-tp];tehjf;FUf;fs;
Sf;Fk; FUkhh; r%fj;jpw;Wk; ngupJk; gaDilajhf mikAk;
39.Dr E.A Coorsy mawatta.
wellawatta
vd;gjpy; Iakpy;iy.,tUila ,k;Kaw;r;rpia ghuhl;b ,iwaU
Colombo-6 srilanka.
NshL ey;yhrp $WfpNwhk;.
Rgk;.

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj.Kj;jkpo;FUkzp.fiykhkzp lhf;lh;.v];.v];.FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

c
c
Vfhk;guehjh; Jiz jkpo;ehL.fhQ;rpGuk;

rpthfktpj;thd; rpj;jhe;jrhfuk;
rpt=.uh[g;ghf;FUf;fs; mth;fspd;

rhk;grptd;Jiz

rh;tNjr ,e;JkjgPlhjpgjp ,yq;if rgupkiy rh];jhgPlk;

mfpy,yq;if gpuhk;kz,isQh;rkh[k;

MrpAiu
Dr. rpthfkfyhepjp rhk;grpt
,yq;ifapYk; gyehLfspYk; irtrkaj;ijAk; Kj;jkpio
Ak; FUj;Jtk; fiygzpfs; vd gyJiwfspYk; Nguhw;wy;
ngw;w ,yq;ifapd; KjyhtJ ,e;Jkj gPlhjpgjpahf njupT
nra;ag;ngw;w rpthfkQhdp fpupahjj;JtNkij.itj;jpafyhepjp
mkuh;.mUs;N[hjp.];fe;j-rhk;grpt rpthr;rhh;ahh; mth;fspd;
Fkhuh;. rfyhfk tprhuj. rpj;jhe;jtpj;jfh;. fiykhkzp.
lhf;lh; gpuk;k=.Nrhkh];fe;jFU[P mth;fspd;Mfkr;rpj;jpuk;
ghfk;-1 ghfk;-2 vd ,UEhy;fis ntspaPL nra;J ,yq;if
apYk; jkpo;ehl;bYk; Gfo;ngw;w ,th; jw;nghOJ Mfkr;rpj;
jpuk; %d;whtJ ghfj;ij ,JtiuahUk; fz;L nfhs;shj
mupa gytp\aq;fis tpsf;fg;glq;fSld; gyMfk Mjhuq;
fSld; ntspaPL nra;tJ ngUkfpo;r;rp mspf;fpwJ. Mfkrpj;
jpuq;fs; ghfk;-1 nfhOk;G kUjhid fg;gpj;jhtj;ij irt
j;jkpo; ghlrhiyapy; 1997y;ntspaPl;Ltpoh mbNad; jiyik
apy; eilngw;wJ ngUikjUfpwJ. jw;nghOJ %d;whk;ghfk;
FUkhUf;Fk; irtkf;fSf;Fk;.gyfpupiffspd; jj;Jtq;fis
Gupe;Jnfhs;s ,e;Ehy; NgUjtpGupAk; vd;gjpy;re;Njfkpy;iy.
nkd;NkYk; ,tuJ Md;kPf tsh;r;rpg;gzp njhlu fhQ;rpGuk;
fhkhl;rpehjupd; NguUs; JizNahL ePz;lMASk; NguwpTk;
rfy fiyfSld; nghUl;nry;tKk; ngw;W rpwg;Gld; tho
ey;yhrp $WfpNwhk;. Rgk];J..
rpt=.uh[g;gh FUf;fs;
fhQ;rpGuk;

= Iag;gjhrf;FUf;fs; J.P
tho;jJ
; iu
vdJ md;Gf;Fk; kjpg;Gf;FKupa mz;zd;
Nrhkh];fe;j FU[P mth;fspd; Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;.ghfk;.3
fpupianewpAld; Mfkg;gltpsf;fq;fSld; ntsptUtJ
ngUkfpo;r;rp jUfpwJ. ,e;j mupa nghf;fp\k; Md;kPf
kf;fSfF gaDilajhf mikAk;. MfkMuhr;rpAk;
jkpo; irtrpj;jhe;j mwpTk; fiyAk; epiwag;ngw;w
,th;ntspapLk; Ie;jhtJ Ehyhfpa Mfkr;rpj;juq;fs;.
ghfk;.3 fdlhtpy; ntsptUtJ mq;Fs;s irtkf;fspd;
NgwhFk;. vkJ je;ijahiug;Nghy; Mfktpsq;fq;fis
ntspf;nfhzUk; ,th; gy;yhzL tho;e;J Nritnra;a
=rgupkiy Iag;gRthkpiaNtz;b tho;j;JfpNwd;
,iwaUSld;;..
rpt=.rhk;grpt-Iag;gjhrf;FUf;fs;.
nfhOk;G.,yq;if

c
rhk;grptFUNt Jiz

Mf;fpNahd; ciu....

,e;jkz;zpy; thOfpd;w xt;nthUtUk; jhk;thOk; kz;zpw;Nfh..jk; ,dj;jpw;Nfh jhk;rhh;ej

; r%fj;jpw;Nfh....
jk;khyhd flikiar;nra;jhfNtz;Lk;. eP ,e;jkz;zpy; te;JNghdjw;F milahskhf VNjhXd;iw ,e;j
kz;zpy; tpl;Lr;nry;yNtz;Lk;. eP kiwe;jhYk; mJ cd;id Qhgfg;gLj;jpf;nfhz;Nl ,Uf;Fk;. mJ ,y;
iyahapd; kpUfq;fSf;Fk; cdf;Fk; ve;jtpj;jpahrKk; ,y;iy. ,g;gb vd;je;ijahh; vdf;F mbf;fb$Wthh;.
fiyapd;ghy;ehl;lk; nfhz;l fle;j 30 tUlq;fSf;FNkyhd GfOld;epiyj;J rhjidgil;jhYk;..je;ijapd;
tpUg;gj;jpw;fhf Ntjrpthfkk;.Guhzk;.rpw;grh];jj
; puk;.jkpo;.rk];fpUj ghygz;bjh;.irtrpj;jhe;jk; N[hjplk; vd
fw;wwpe;J FUj;Jtj;JiwapYk; gpuNtrpj;J..10f;FNkw;gl;l Fk;ghgpN\fq;fs;..kN`hw;rtq;fs;elhj;jpAs;Nsd;.
Vw;fdNd ,yq;ifapy; 4 rk];fpUjEhy;fis ntspaPL nra;Js;Nsd;. mjpNy Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;.ghfk;-1>ghfk;-2
,yq;ifapYk; jkpo;ehl;bYk; ngUk; FUkhh;fshYk; MjPdq;fshYk; ghuhl;lg;gl;L ngUk;Gfio je;jJ.
jw;NghJ fdlhtpy; trpj;JtUk; epiyapy; Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3vDk; ,e;E
; hiy gyMfkq;fis Muha;eJ
;
rpj;jputbtq;fshf tpsf;fq;fSld; cUthf;fpAs;Nsd;..,jid mr;Nrw;w gzky;yhjNghJ nkhd;wpay; Jh;if
mk;kd;Mya FU gpuk;k=.rz;Kf.Rjd;rh;kh mth;fSk;>mtUila ez;gh;>td;$th; md;gh Ffd; mth;fSk;
jk;khy;Kbe;j gzcjtpnra;J Cf;Ftpj;jdh;.mth;fSf;F vd; Kjy; ed;wpfis njuptpj;Jf;nfhs;fpNwd;.
,e;Ehypy; VNjDk; jtWfs; Vw;gl;bUg;gpd; mwpQh;fs; jFe;j Mjhuj;Jld; njuptpj;jhy; ed;wpAilatdhNtd;.
NkYk; ,e;EhYf;F Mrpfs; toq;fpa ,e;jpa ,yq;iff;FUkhh;fSf;Fk; Ehy;ntsptu gytifapy; cjtpa
ez;gh;fS;Fk; vdJ ed;wpfye;j tzf;fq;fis njuptpj;JmikfpNwd;.
gzptd;Gld;......
fiykhkzp lhf;lh;.gpuk;k=.rhk;grpt.Nrhkh];fe;j rpthr;rhh;ahh;.(FU[P)
<oey;Yhh;.rpthr;rhh;a FUgPlk;
nuhuz;Nlh.fdlh.
416 839 2325

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp-fiykhkzp-.lhf;lh;.v];.v];.FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

QLK; h6l6cl7h*Jhgp--

[lhKb

rpfuk;-- Kfk;

fsj;jp- fOj;J
gpu];juk;-

Njhs;

glth;ff
; k; - iffs;
Fk;ggQ;ruk; - ehgp

mjp\;lhdk; -

Koq;fhy;

cggPlk; - fhy;

Myak; GU\&gk;

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp-fiykhkzp-.lhf;lh;.v];.v];.FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

Myak; GU\&gk;

QLK; h6l6xl7h*-

(radepiy)

-fhuzhfkk;

uJ9u\b; x]Yv qg9kd; k6Yk6i81D- ydVvhG; z1mkb3kdh

ei81D-

G4Dk7l6 h]1Fx;v83M QvhG; O;U]y3 kD3 -kb31u3h6l h3F,v83M QL1K3 1Fb1k1z3y, yL3DZ3D l7hy*-- y3l1d.

fh;gg;gfpufk;-jiy

me;juhsk;-fOj;J
mh;j;jkz;lgk;-Njhs;
kfhkz;lgk;-tapW
ee;jp-,jak;
gypgPlk;-ehgp
nfhbkuk;-gpu[hgjp
gpufhuk;-fhy;fs;

kdpjclYk; Nfhtpy; mq;fKk;-

NfhGuk;-ghjk;

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp-fiykhkzp-.lhf;lh;.v];.v];.FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

];JhyruPuk;..

gQ;rf
P uzk; nra;ag;gl;l ItifG+jq;fshy; MdJk; ey;tpidg;gadhy; Njhd;wpaJk; ,d;gJd;gq;fspd; ,Ug;
gplkha;..,Uj;jy;.gpwj;jy;.tsh;jy;.khWjy;.Nja;jy;.kha;jy; Mfpa mWtifkhw;wq;fSf;F cl;gl;lJkhd
mt;Tly; ];JhyruPuk; vdg;gLk;. fhJ.Njhy;.fz;.ehf;F.%f;F ,itIe;Jk; QhNde;jpuaq;fs;.(mwpTf;fUtpfs;)
tha;.if.fhy;.vUtha;.fUtha;. ,itIe;Jk; fh;Nke;jpupaq;fs;(nraw;fUtpfs;) xt;nthU ,e;jpupaq;fSf;Fk;
xt;nthUNjtij cz;L.
fz;-#upad;
fhJ-m\;ljpf;ghyh;
Njhy;-thA
ehf;F-tUzd;
%f;F-m];tpdp
Njth;fs;;

tha;- mf;dp
iffs;-,e;jpud;
ghjq;fs;-tp\;Z
vUtha;-(kytha;)-[kd;
fUtha;- gpuk;kh

r;Nuhj;u];a jpf;Njtjh
j;NtNrh thA,
rf;\6 #h;a,
u]eha tUz,
f;uhz];a m];tpNeh
thNrh Njtjh t`;dp
`];jNahh; ,e;jpu,
ghjNahh; tp\;Z,
ghNahh; kpWj;A,
cg];j];a gpu[hgjp,

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp-fiykhkzp-.lhf;lh;.v];.v];.FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3
4

mh;rr
; pf;Fk; G+h;z Fk;gk;
Fk;gk; - cly;
Njq;fha; - jiyAk;.jpUKbAk;.
khtpiy - ril (mjpNy Njth;fs; thrk;nra;fpwhh;fs);
Rw;wpaEhy;- vOgj;juP hapuk; euk;Gfs;.
Rw;wpaMil- Njhy;
epug;gpaePh; - ,uj;jk;
jh;gi
; g FLkp
Fk;gj;jpy; ,lg;gl;lit - tPha
; k;
(nghd;.fhR.etuj;jpdk;.jputpak;)
etjhdpaq;fs;- Mrdq;fs;.(,Uf;if)
ney;.muprp- [Ptuhrpfs;
thioapiy - G+kp
cr;rupf;Fk;ke;jpuq;fs;- gpuhzd; (caph;)

(mUtkha; ,Uf;Fk; ,iwtid mUTUtha; Mf;FtJ

Fk;gj;jpNyjhd;.gpd; cUtkhd tpk;gj;jpy; Nrh;g;gNj
Fk;g mgpN\f jj;JtkhFk;.)
kq;fyitgtq;fspNy G+uzFk;gk; itg;gJ..,iwtd;
rhl;rpahf ,t;itgtk; elf;fpwJ vd;gjw;fhfTk;
,iwmUNshL cq;fisAk; tuNtw;fpNwhk;.
vd;gij Fwpg;gjw;FkhFk;.
NkYk; vl;Lkq;fyg;nghUl;fspy; Fk;gKk;
xd;whFk;.

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp-fiykhkzp-.lhf;lh;.v];.v];.FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

rfyfhupaq;fSf;Fk; Kjypy; Gz;zp;ahfk;.

h6d83b; h\Fk*-

h6y3l; h3hG3x;v83M -d8y3l; 1Fbx6X]F; -

tUzgfthd;

by3l; v3Gx6X]v83M -h6d83bB6 z]g[K1D-h31D\d3kg]11FzD8;

((v7m3b1k)

h\1c j\:4h\y[D]9D, -

kX8V z]c611FzD8; Tc;11z l6F\1FzD* -

ehfghrk;

h3x91K3G9#]y3n2i kg81k vh D[f9y* --

(z3D61n)

h6d83b1h\3md;Kv83; y]\K3K3; G y1l3D]b] - (y3l1d)

G - ghgehrj;ijAk; z;a - NjfRj;jpiaAk; `- ,lj;jpd;Rj;jpiaAk;

nra;tjhy; Gz;ahfk; vd nrhy;yg;gLfpwJ.
tUzFk;gj;jpd; mbg;ghfj;jpy; gpuk;khTk; eLtpy; tp\;ZTk; Fk;gtha;gFjpapy;
Uj;jpuDk;. gf;fq;fspy; ee;jpAk;.k`hfhsUk;. ePhpd;eLNt fq;if.aKid.eh;kij
ru];tjp.Nfhjhtup.fhNtuP.jhk;ugh;zP Mfpa VOGz;ajPh;j;jq;fSk; ,Uf;fpd;wd.
vd thJshfkj;jpy; nrhy;yg;gLfpwJ.
Gz;ahfePh; njspf;fhky; ve;jf;fpupifAk; nra;jy;$lhJ.
Gz;ahfk; vd;gjpy; Kjypy; rq;fy;g;gk; tpehaftopghL. tUzFk;gG+i[ gQ;rft;a
G+i[.n[gk; vd;gd eilngw;W ePh;njspj;jyhFk;.
ePh;njspf;Fk; NghJ mNfhuh];jpu ke;jpuj;jpdhy; njspf;fg;gLk;.mg;gbnjspg;gjpdhy;
G+j gpNuj gprhRfspd; elkhl;lq;fs; tpyfptpLk;.VOjPh;j;jq;fspd; ePuhy; njspg;gjw;F
xg;ghFk;.
b6;HsB3v\k1B\d g7hF[1hG h7O1KM-

kfuthfdk;

gQ;rft;ak;
tpehafh;

q1U3l3v\ k1B\d 1h\3m1Ki6X z3l]d3 -- (z3D61n)

rKj;jpuq;fSf;Fk; ejpfSf;Fk; mjpgjpahd tUzdpd; kidtp
ngah; `h;~pzPNjtp . thfdk;-kfuk; jpf;F-Nkw;F

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp-fiykhkzp-.lhf;lh;.v];.v];.FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3
6

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp-fiykhkzp-.lhf;lh;.v];.v];.FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

jpUtpsf;F
milth; .

eLg;gFjp-

F[h*

fhiy khiy tPl;by; jPgk; Vw;wpitj;jth; rh;tkq;fsKk;

cr;rpapy;- kNdd;kzpAld; nea;jj

; g
P k; - nry;tk; ngUFk;
rjhrptgpuk;kk;
vs;vz;izjPgk; - jupj;jpuk; tpyFk; rdP]t
; ud;mUs;fpl;Lk;
Njq;fha;vz;iz - uhF NfJ Njh\q;fs; tpyFk;.
,Yg;ngz;iz - Fynja;tj;jpd; mUs;fpilf;Fk;.
fliyvz;iz-kuf;fwpvz;iz - Vw;wf;$lhJ. gPil jUk;
Ie;JKfq;fspy;<];tupAld; <];tud;
gQ;Rj;jpupapy; Vw;WtJ - Rfk;.kq;fsk; fpilf;Fk;.
rptg;G jpupjpUkzjil.FLk;kgpur;rid jPUk;.
kQ;rs;jpup - mk;kd; mUs; fpl;Lk;
nts;isj;jpup - nja;tf;Fw;wk; ePqF
; k;.
nts;nsUf;fk;jpup - J\;lMtpfs; tpyFk;.
jhkiuj;jz;Ljpup- yl;Rkpflhl;rk; fpilf;Fk;.
=Njtp.G+NjtpAld;
XUKfj; jPgk; - kdr;rQ;ryk; tpyfp Gfo;cz;lhFk;.
kfhtp\;Z
,UKfj;jg
P k; - FLk;gxw;Wik.thf;Ftd;ik cz;lhFk;.
%d;WKfj;jg
P k; - Co;tpidj; Njh\k; mfYk;.
ehd;FKfjPgk; - tPL.thfdk;. fhy;ril vd;gd tpUj;jpailAk;.
Ie;JKfjPgk; -rfyNjh\q;fisAk; ePff
; p nry;tk; ngUFk;.

mbg;ghfk;- ru];tjpAld; gpuk;kh

ntWk;epyj;jpy; jPgj;ijitf;ff;$lhJ. thahy;jg

P j;ij mizf;f
$lhJ.
md;G.jd;dlf;fk .; epjhdk; ew;Fzk; rkNahrpjGj;jp vdIe;Jk;.
Xh;ngz;Df;F Ie;JKfjPgk; Vw;Wtjhy; cz;lhFk;.
thioapiyapy; kQ;rs;muprpgug;gp kz;..gpj;jis .nts;sp.
jPgq;fs; Vw;wpdhy; gy ed;ik cz;lhFk;.
xt;nthU khjKk; ngsh;zkp.mkhthirfspy; jPgG+i[
nra;tjhy; rfyed;ikfSk; fpilf;Fk;.

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp-fiykhkzp-.lhf;lh;.v];.v];.FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

jhk;G+yk; (ntw;wpiy)

D3;j7L3g] 1FzD3 -

D3;j7L31u\ z3d[v83M- D<k1g8 z1vLm[, k71L zvD] v31Oc3 Dv3M k7LB6 zO91KM -- y3l1d=-

ntw;wpiyapd; Edpg;gFjpapy; - ru];tjpAk;@

eLg;ghfj;jpy; -- yl;RkpAk;@
fhk;Gg;gFjpapy; -%NjtpAk; trpf;fpwhh;fs;.
mjdhy; fhk;ig ePff
; ptplNtz;Lk;.
Kd;idAs;Nshh; ntw;wpiy NghLk;NghJ fhk;ig fps;spvwpe;Jtpl;L Edpiafps;sp Ge;jpapy; xl;btpLthh;fs;;
Vnddpy;@ru];tjpia Gj;jpapy; ,Uj;jNt.
NkYk; vy;yhj;nja;tq;fSf;Fk;
ieNtj;jpakhfgilf;fg;gLk; xNu
,iy-ntw;wpiyjhd;.
ntw;wpiaAk; kq;fyj;ijAk; jUk; ,iy
mjdhy;jhd;....ntw;wpiy itj;J miog;gJ
vd;Dk; rk;gpujhak; Ngzg;gLfpwJ.
ntw;wpiyNghLtJ vd;WVd;nrhy;fpwhh;fs;.
thapNy rhg;gpLtJ.vd ahUk;nrhy;tjpy;iy
fhuzk;..kq;fy myq;fhug;nghUs;
fhg;GNghLtJ..rq;fpyp NghLtJ Nghy
ntw;wpiyNghLtJ vd;whapw;W.
vkJrkaj;jpy; ntw;wpiy ,y;yhj fpupiffNd
,y;iy.

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp-fiykhkzp-.lhf;lh;.v];.v];.FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

kq;fyj; Njhuzk;

mkq;fyj; Njhuzk;
G3n1yl h1D\d 1D3ld; hVFn3G]c6
vz9k;un y31K9c6 J7k2 Fx91G b6D3-kq;fyj;NjhuzkhdJ njd;idkuj;jpd; kQ;rs;epw
FUj;Njhiyapy;; Ie;J jsq;fSld;,UKidfSk;
G+kpia ghh;fF
; k;tz;zk; fl;lg;gl Ntz;Lk;.
fz;.fhJ.Njhy; ehf;F.%f;F.Mfpa QhNde;jpupaq;fshYk;
tha;.if.ghjk;.vUtha;.fUtha; Mfpa fh;Nke;jpupaq;fshYk;
k;.G+kpapy; tho;eJ
; nfhz;bUe;jhYk; ,iwtid Nehf;fpNa
vkJ nray;ghLfs; mikfpd;wd.vd;gij tpsf;FtJ.

fh;Nke;jpupaq;fs;

QNde;jpupaq;fs;
-

mkq;fyj;Njhuzk
jhuzk;
mwk;. nghUs; ,d;gk; mDgtpj;j Md;kh G+Tyf
tho;it Kbj;J NkYyftho;tpy; tPLNgw;iw Nehf;fp
,UtpidfSld; nrd;Wnfhz;bUf;fpwJ.
vd;gij tpsf;Fjy;.
khtpiy fl;Lk;NghJ..mjd;fhk;G Kd;gf;fk; vLj;Jf; Fj;J
jy; Ntz;Lk;. NkYk; nfhj;jhf fl;LjYk; ed;ikjUk;.
mkq;fyj;jpy; khtpiy fl;lf;$lhJ.

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp-fiykhkzp-.lhf;lh;.v];.v];.FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

FU kfj;Jtk;.

10

QD3D9V hl3DV QF]11x1zG h7O]D; - QF]11xz wD]1h\3{; vx]z j\:1d3 u6l6 -Md;khh;jj
; khd G+i[fisAk; ehl;Lkf;fSf;fhf nra;ag;gLk; Mya guhh;jj
; G+i[Ak; Mjpirt me;jzh;
fs;jhd; nra;jy;Ntz;Lk;. mth;fs;jhd; rptd; vd;Wk; FUvd;Wk; gpuhkzh; vd;Wk; nfhs;sg;gLk;. vd;W
fhuzhfkk; epj;ahh;rdhtpjpglyj;jpy; $wg;gl;Ls;sJ.NkYk;.....
x]1zG v3h]D; 11xz 11x1zG v3h]D; x]z;- x]z11xzz]x6X3D3 x]zj\3:d ei81D-rptdhy; irtKk; irtj;jhy; rptKk; Njhd;wpaJ. ,e;jrpt irt If;fpaj;jpy; Rj;jhj;khthf rptgpuhzh;
Njhd;wpdh; vdTk; fhuzhfk; $Wk;. mjdhy;jhd; FUgpuk;kh FUtp\;Z FUNjNth kNf];tuf.vd;W
$wg;gLfpwJ.
mg;gbahd FUthdtUf;Fupa jFjpfs
jFjpfs; gw;wpAk; rpthfkq;fs; $Wk;...
vy;yhrh];jpuq;fspYk; cs;s jj;Jtq;fs; Gupe;jtuhfTk;. Myark;ge;jKila fiyfspy; Njh;rr
; pAlatuhf
ehd;FjPli
; r ngw;wtuhfTk; rpifAs;stuhfTk;(FLkp) Mfkk; Ntjk;.irtrpj;jhe;jk;.Mfpatw;wpy; ed;F
ghz;bjak; cs;stuhfTk; rkak;nrhy;Yk; MrhuxOf;fk; cilatuhfTk;. Fb .fsT .nfhiy. khkprk;.
ngha;$wy; mgprhuk; mw;wtuhfTk; if fhy; fz; Nghd;w vy;yh mtatq;fSk; gpd;dkpy;yhy;
Neh;jpahf cs;stuhfTk; vg;nghOJk; fz;lj;jpy; Uj;jpuhl;rk; mzpe;jtuhfTk;
jpUkzk;nra;J FLk;g];jh;fshf cs;sth;fNs Myaq;fspy; FUthf ,Uf;Fk;
jFjpAilath;fs; vd Mfkq;fspy; $wg;gl;Ls;sJ.
F-vd;why; mf;Qhdk;. U-vd;why; ePfF
; gth;.
kf;fSf;Nfw;gLk; re;Njfq;fis
mwpahikia ePff
; p MjhuG+h;tkhf tpsq;fitj;J Qhdj;ij nfhLg;gtNu FU.
mg;gbahd FUTf;F gopnra;jy; ,iwtDf;Fnra;tijtpl nfhLikahdJ.
Ntjthf;fpak;...
,iwtDf;F xUgopnra;jhy;..mg;gopePqf
; FUitf;nfhz;L gpuhar;rpj;
jk; nra;ayhk;. FUTf;Nf gopiar;nra;jhy;? ahuhYk; khw;wKbahJ..

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp-fiykhkzp-.lhf;lh;.v];.v];.FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

-Mjpirtme;jzh; cs;sq;if-

kd]j1G j\:z]c6, - q;u61%D6 z]G3Ky, -

DO9G83; Wxl1h\3{; -kg8k3K3; z4cvF3 qG3k]y3K3; 1Fz[i -yG]%3K3; u6bvf3 ylk1g8 zG]x - h\1% i#\ v7K9y, 1lY3v6 vz91Fz3x -zvB], G v;xK, QF]11xzv8 h7O3i vz9v]X]yl[v4D3 -- (h7z9y3l1d)

kzpf;fl;by; - gpuk;khTk; tp\;ZTk; ,Uf;fpwhh;fs;.

fl;iltpuypy; - tpehafUk;
Ml;fhl;btpuypy; - <];tuDk;
eLtpuypy; - tpU\gNjtUk;
Nkhjputpuypy; - mk;gpifAk;
rpd;dtpuypy; - KUfDk;
cs;sq;ifeLtpy; - mf;fpdp gfthDk;
gpd;gf;fk; - #upare;jpuUk;
efq;fspy; - el;rj;jpuq;fSk;
Nuiffspy; -rh;tNjth;fSk; trpf;fpwhh;fs;.re;Njfk;,y;iy.
MjpirtFUkhh;fspd;(me;jzh;); G+i[jhd;
vy;yhtpjkhd rpj;jpfisAk; juty;yJ. vd
fhuzhfkk; $Wk;.

11

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp-fiykhkzp-.lhf;lh;.v];.v];.FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

ngupakzp

kb3Ud3

Quk3f9B6 1Fz3G3; ukG3f9B6 l3mv3;

12

y61z9Ud3lz; DD\ 1Fzj3b3G y3ld* -Njth;fis tutiof;fTk; mRuh;fis tpul;lTk;

kzpabg;gjpd; fhuzkhFk;.

v3G3F2 i DF1Bi b8i9G31B D11fzi11G1zF83F2 1i3Dt3F2 DF1B GD9G3B1ytzk3f]c6 y31Lc6 kb3Ud3B6 D3s1KM--

mgpN\f Muk;gj;jpYk;.KbtpYk;. mh;ridKbtpYk;

ieNtj;jpafhyj;jpYk; cw;rtj;jpd; Muk;gj;jpYk;
KbtpYk;eh;j;jdj;jpd; KbtpYk;.ngupakzp
mbf;fNtz;Lk;.
Xq;fhu ehj Xir Cnuy;yhk; Nfl;f vq;Fk; ,iw
rpe;ij Vw;gLk;.

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp-fiykhkzp-.lhf;lh;.v];.v];.FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

ifkzp - DG6Ud3
rpurpy;- Uj;jpud;.

gpd;gf;fk;- tpU\gNjth;

Quk3f9B6 1Fz3G3; ukG3f9B6 l3mv3;y61z9Ud3lz;DD\ 1FzF3b3G y3ld*--

13

Njth;is tutiof;fTk;>mRuh;fis tpul;lTk;

kzpabg;gjpd; fhuzkhFk;.
fOj;jpy;-tp\;Z

jz;lj;jpy;-

ehsj;jpy;-

Koq;fhypy;- gpuk;kh

vBD; D3s1KMUd3 vz9z]U G]z3ld;Ud3D3sGb[G; KMyk9DM G]cL; J1zM-vg;nghOJk;G+i[apy; kzpmbg;gjhy; vy;yhtpj tpf;dq;
fSk; ePqf
; ptpLk;. kzpr;rj;jk; ,y;yhJnra;Ak; fhupaq;
fs; gadw;Wg;NghFk;.
tyG3FB6 1k3m3f9;- ~]G3F; 1J3uv]X1KG3FD\K; vz9v]11X8 Ud3G3F HL;J1zM--

rptd;

gpuk;kh ,e;jpud;Kjyhd
Njth;fs;

xUjhs XirAld; kzpmbg;gjhy; Nkhl;rKk;.,Ujhs

XirAld; mbg;gjhy; Nghfq;fSk;>%d;WjhsXirAld;
mbg;gjhy; rfyrpj;jpfSk; cz;lhFk;.
vy;yh thj;jpaq;fspYk; Kjd;ikahdJk; Xq;fhuehj
kha; tpsq;FtJk; kzpXirahFk;.

kzpthapy-

kzpehf;fpy;- ru];tjp

thANjtd;;

ehf;FEdpapy;-NrhkNjtd;

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp-fiykhkzp-.lhf;lh;.v];.v];.FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

nja;tPf ,irthj;jpaq;fs; ...

ee;jpthj;ak; - kpUjq;fk;

14

(kj;jsk;)

rptngUkhDila 108 jhz;ltj;jpd;NghJ gpuk;kNjtupdhy;; kz;Zk; nghd;Dk; fye;j cUthf;fg;gl;lNj

kpUjq;fk;.
( kpWj; - kz; jq;fk; - nghd; - kpUj;jq;fk; )
,jid ee;jpNjth; ,iwtdUshy; Kiwg;gb rptdpd;
jhz;ltj;jpd; NghJ thrpj;jhh;. rpNthw;rtq;fspYk;
eNlrh; cw;rtq;fspYk; kpUjq;f thj;jpaj;Jld;
tPjptyk; tUjy; rpwg;ghFk;.

Uj;jpud;
tp\;Z
gpuk;kh
#upad;

re;jpud;

gpuztk;
];fe;jh;

tpehafh;
;

; thh;-m\;lehfq;fs;

Myaq; f spy; kpUjq; f ,ir thrpg; g J ,iwtDf; F kfpo; r ; r pjUk; .

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

Ngupfh &gk;
,lJtisak;-

1Jl]y3l7h;

gpuk;kh

Uj;jpud;

15

tp\;Z

#upad;

tyJ tisak;
re;jpud;

fl;lg;gl;l thh;Njhypy; - m\;lehfq;fs

s;
1.mde;jd;. 2.thRfp 3.jl;rfd; 4.fhh;Nfhlfd;.

5.rq;fghyd; 6.Fspfd;. 7.gj;kd; 8.k`hgj;kd;

NguP Njtijahdth;...rq;F.rf;fuk;.jpup#yk; Mfpa%d;W
fz;fs; cilatuha;@ lq;fk;-#yhAjk;-jz;lk;-jhsk;
Mfpatw;iw ifapy; Ve;jpatuha; %d;Wfhy;fs; cila
tuha; jhkiuMrdj;jpy; vy;yhyl;rzq;fSk; nghUe;jpa
NguPNjtijia vg;nghOJk; jpahdpg;Nghkhf.
G+Nyhfk;.Rth;f;fk;.ghjhsk; vy;yh,lKk; trpg;gtuhfpa
NguPNjtijahdth; jkJ yaehjj;jhy; %Tyfpy; cs;s
J\;lNjtijfisAk; jPadtw;iwAk; ePf;Ffpwhh;.
mjdhy;jhd;.Myaq;fspy; jTy; G+[pf;fg;gl;L thrpf;fg;
gLfpwJ.
jz;lj;jpy;...
rg; j khjhf; f s;
1;.gpuhk;kp
2.khNf];tup
3.nfskhup
4.it\;ztp
5.thuhfp
6.khNfe;jpup
7.rhKz ;b

Nfhzq;fspy;--];fe;jh;

NguP %d;Wtifg;gLk;.
1.Njtkq;fs Ngupif
3. mkq;fy Ngupif.
1Jl]y3 g83G*

G3F; y]l[ak]D86{; x7L3v\V Oh3G]J; x;Y; iy\; D]\x7L3m; a;Y; Fd3K6g; y11l, -

vz9Lmd v;K6{; D]\h3F; hFv;v]D;i]B1KM 1Jl]y3l7h; g83Z3 G3F y4D]; vF3 --

2. uh[kq;fsNgupif

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

kq;fy (ehj];tu) uhfNjtij

(ehjk;+];tuk;)
rPthsp
rPthsp

fOj;jpy;-ru];tjp

Rj;jFr;R
];tu Jthuk;

jz;by;-Uj;jpueNlrh;

RUjp`];jk;

mz];R
mzRghfj;jpy;-kfhtp\;Z

ya`];jk;

ep\hjk;
ijtjk;
gQ;rkk;
kj;akk;
fhe;jhuk;
up\gk;
\l;[kk;
[d;auhfq;fs;
72 Nksfh;jj
; uhfq;fs;

16

rPthspapd; fPo; gFjpapy;- m\;lehfq;fs;...

1. mde;jehfk;
2.; thRfp ehfk;
3. jf;\fehfk;
4. fhh;Nfhlfehfk;
5. rq;fghyehfk;.
6. Fspfehfk;.
7. gj;kehfk;
8.k`hgj;kehfk;.
mjdhy;jhd; ehfRuk; vd;wngah; te;jJ.
NkYk;..kFbiaj;jtpu NtW ve;j,irf;Fk;
kaq;fhj ehfq;fs; ehj];tu ,irf;F
kl;LNk kaq;fp MLk;.
Kd;ndhUehs; rptd;jhzltj;jpy; RUjp
Ngjkhf tp\;D Gy;yhq;Foy; thrpj;jNghJ
rptd; jd; fOj;jpy;,Ue;j ehfj;ijvLj;J
,dpikahfRuj;ij thrpj;J fhz;gpj;jhh;.
,JNt ehf];tukhf khwpaJ. vd fh;z
top fijAk; cz;L.
,irtbthd fiythzpNa vy;yhf;fiy
fSf;Fk; jhaha; uhfNjtijaha; tpsq;
Ffpwhs; vd NtjGuhzq;fs; $Wk;.
kq;fykhd ,lq;fspnyy;yhk; eh];tu
XirNa ,iw,d;gk; jUk;.

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

nja;tPf ,irthj;jpaq;fs; ... tPzh

(tPiz)

17

Vfhe;jthj;jpak;

,e;j gpugQ;rj;jpd; caph;ehbahf tpsq;FtJ gpuztk;. gpuhzthA mf;dpAld; fye;J cUthf;FtNj ehjk;.
,e;jehjg;gpuk;kk; caph;fsplj;jpy; ehgpapy; Njhd;wp ,jaj;jpd;%yk; caph;gG
; va;jp njhz;ilf;Fop topahf
,iraha; ntspg;gLfpwJ. ,e;j ,irAk; Xh; Ntjk;. ,ir kf;fSf;Fk; ,iwmUSf;Fk; MjhukhFk;NghJ
Nts;tpahfpwJ.,irahy; kf;fisAk; ,iwtidAk; trkhf;fyhk;.
Ntjq;fspy; Kjy;,irf;fUtpahf $wg;gLtJ tPzh. rptngUkhd; Kjypy; ,e;jtPidia ,irj;jhh;.gpd;
fiythzpahfpa ru];tjpf;F mspj;jhh;.ngUk;rptgf;jdhfpa ,yq;ifkd;dd; uhtNz];tud; ,iwtd; Kj
ypy; ,irj;j tPidia jdJehl;bd; Njrpanfhbahf Mf;fpdhd; jhDk; (ehl;Lkf;fSk;) tPiz,irgapd;W
ngUk;tpj;jfdhfpshd;. mjdhy; rhkfhdk; ,irj;J ,iwtidNa kaf;fpdhd;. jkpo;je;j mf];jpaUk;
ehujUk; Jk;GUTk; vg;nghOJk; thrpg;ghh;fs;.,irf;F jiyahftpsq;Fk; rg;j];tuq;fSk; ,iwtd; jpUKf
] --rh;gg
up --Uj;jpuhl;rk;
f --fq;if
k --kpWfk;; (rptd;ifapYs;skhd;)
myq;fhukhf vOe;jit.
; k;
g --G\;gk;.
j --jkUfk;(cLf;if)
ep -eprhfud;. (epyT.re;jpud;) ,JNt 7 ];tuq;fshapd.
Uj;jpudhy; ,irf;fg;gl;ljhy; Uj;jputPid vdngah;te;jJ. ru];tjptPiz thzp thrpg;gjhy; ngah;ngw;wJ.
gupthjpdp vd;Dk;ti
P d gy;ytd; kNfe;jputh;kd t
; hrpj;J Gfoile;jhd;.jl;rpzh%h;jj
; pAk; tPizthrpf;fpwhh;.
clypYk; KJFg;gf;fj;ij tPdhjz;lk; vd $Wth;
kuf;Fjpiu
njhLg;G
;
jpUFkzp
nkl;Lf;fs;
ehfghrk;
jz;b
gf;ftpy;

ahspKfk
fOj;J

Flk;
Ruf;fha;jhq;fp

Myaq; f spy; tP i z,ir thrpg; g J ,iwtDf; F kfpo; r ; r pjUk; .

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

18
rptdpd; 108 jhz;ltj;jpd;NghJ vl;Lf;fuq;fisAila
ghzhRud; vd;gtd; thrpf;Fk; gQ;rKf thj;jpak;

rq;fepjp

gJkepjp

gQ;rKfthj;jpak;

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

Qhdfl;fk;

/3GYs*-

ahfrhiyapy; rptd; thj;jdpia ,izf;Fk; Qhdfl;fk;. 19

ca=0D]\;xM FJ9 v;u4b8 /3GYa; y4Z3 Kg;gj;jhW jh;gi
; gfshy; Qhdfl;fk;nra;f.
qu\B6 iD6l;u6L; u\G]11Vz DFg9y;D3L3k3D\ v1k31hD; y3l1K1~d]j@G;-

4 mq;Fyk;

bvv;u\bd3f93K k1X81zF3;u6L; J1zM-h3x91K3~98;u6L;1h\3{; D11fzh6iv;K6D*Mo;eJ

; mfd;W Ez;zpakhf ,Ug;gJ Qhdk;.
mwpahik vd;Dk; ,Uisntl;Lk; Qhdths;.
Qhdfl;fk; vdg;gLk;.

2 mq;Fyk;
jhykhj;uk;

4 mq;Fyk;.

36 jh;igfshy; gpd;dg;gl;l Qhdfl;fj;jpd;

Edpg;ghfk; 4 mq;Fyk; cilajhTk;. Kbr;R
mjpy; miug;gq;Fk;.
,uz;Lgf;fq;fspYk;
rkdhd ehf;F Nghd;w tioT cilajhAk;
fl;lg;glNtz;Lk;. ifgpbg;gjw;fhf eLNt 4
mq;FyKilajhfTk; gf;fq;fspy; jhykhj;jpu
msT 2mq;FyKilajhfTk; gpd;dg;gl;lNj
Qhdfl;fk; MFk;.
Md;kNfhbfspd; Mzthjp kyq;fis ePfF
; k;
nghUl;L ,iwtd; Ie;JKfk; gj;JiffSld;
ahfj;jpy; ahNf];tu ahNf];tupahf mjp\;bj;J
epd;W mUsNt ,UtiAk;,izj;J Qhdfl;fk; rkh;gpf;fg;gLk;

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

kpWj;rq;fpufzk;

(kz;vLj;jy;)

Kisg;ghypifNghLtjw;fhf kz;izg;Gdpjkhf;fp vLg;gJ

k4D;u\bd z]g],GF[D[1l Da31yz3 1yD31l FJ9k7L1y- 1u3z31v hz9z1D11iz x6X1F1x h\1zx1KM-ejpf;fiu.Fsf;fiu.jh;igKisf;Fk;,lk;. tay; gRj;njhOtk;.kiyabthuk; mt;tpjk; Rj;jkhd ,lq;fspy;
kz;vLf;fyhk;. (rpe;jpahfkk;)
rg;jthup Fk;gk;
6
5

1.f;\Pu rKj;jpuk;
2;.ytz rKj;jpuk;
3.,f;R rKj;juk;
4.RjhrKj;uk;
5.rh;gprKj;jpuk;.
6.jjprKj;jpuk;
7.Rj;Njhjf rKj;jpuk;
kz;lyj;jpy...
1.rptjj;tk;
2.rjhrptjj;tk;.
3.<];tujj;tk;
4.tpj;ahjj;tk;.
5.khahjj;tk;
6.fhyjj;tk;
7.epajpjj;tk;
8.GU\jj;tk;

kz;lyk;

G+kpNjtp

Fe;jhyp

G+khNjtp

m];jpuNjth;

20

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

xd;gJ #j;jpu kz;^fgj th];Jkz;lyk;.

kd7yhF*-

kd7y hlkx3K]y hF2 ~]z]g; J1zM- kd7y; 1FzD3G3V z3v6G3V x]z;J1zM-- i]B8;
th];J kz;^fk;.gukrhap vd ,Utifg;Ngjk;cz;L.kz;^fgjk; rptDf;Fk;>Mz;nja;tq;fSf;Fk; nra;ag;gLtJ.
th];Jg+i[ %d;Wtpjk;
tpjk - 1.ruth];Jg+i[

2; ];jputh];J G+i[

21

3.cgath];J G+i[

ruth];J - gpuk;khKjy; Nyhfghyh;tiu G+[pg;gJ..

,J vw;rt fhyq;fspy; nra;ag;gLtJ.
];jputh];J- Nyhfghyh;Kjy; gpuk;kh\;lfk;tiu G+[pg;gJ.
,J gpujp\;lh fhyq;fspy; nra;ag;gLtJ.
cgath];J- Kjypy; gpuk;kh\;lfj;ij G+[pj;J gpd; gpuk;khitAk;
Nyhfghyh;Kjy; \l;gjk;tiu G+[pg;gJ
,J gpuhar;rpj;jq;fspy; nra;ag;gLtJ.

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

gukrhapgj th];Jrhe;jp

(gj;J#j;jpuq;fis (86gjq;fs;.) nfhz;lJ)

1Fz[G3; qG8x{[G3; x6J; hlk x3K]y, - i]B83u1k
1Fz[G3; hlkx3K]y3 --
y3ld3u1k

NjtpMyaq;fspy; gpujp\;il cw;rtk;. Ehjd fpupah fhyq;fspYk; gukrhapgj th];J

nra;jy;Ntz;Lk;. NkYk;@ KUfd; Myaj;jpYk; gukrhapgj th];Jrhe;jp nra;a tpjpAk; cz;L.

G+kpia Rj;jk;nra;tjw;fhfTk; G+kpapy;Vw;gLk; mguhjq;fs; Nghf;fTk; ,f;fpupif nra;ag;gLk;.

22

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

uf;N\hf;d N`hkkz;lyk;.

Fk;ghgpN\f fpupiffspy; uf;N\hf;dN`hkKk; xd;W.

l3mv3v6l G3x3f9; y6K93Ml1m3U 1b3ky*-- v3K;J61z

uhf;\rh;fs; mRuh;fs; MfpNahupd; jPikfs; mopTf;fhf ,f;fpupif nra;ag;gLk;.

uf;N\hf;d Njtij

rjhrptd;

fl;fk;

ehspNfuk;
uf;N\hf;d Fk;gk;

23

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

gpuNtrgyp

h\1zxjL], -

24

Ol3F] kl1d1F1x OG3G3; 1l3uh[s1G- hx3F]kl1dh\31h l3Oh[s3F] y3l1d-

yc9d3F] h\D]c3B Da3yzGy3K91y - vz9G7DG y31K9c6 h\1zxjL]l6i81D -- v3K;J61z

ehl;by;thOk; kf;fSf;F [;tuk;Ngd;wtw;why; kuzk;tuhkYk;.Neha;fs;tuhkYk; ehd;Ffhy; gpuhzpfSf;Fkuzk; vd;gd

tuhkYk;.ehl;ilMo;gtDf;F Neha;tuhkYk; ,Uf;f..GjpaMyaeph;khzg;gzpfs; njhlf;fk;Fk;ghgpN~fk; tiuapYk; NtW
ve;jnthU Gjpjhd fhupak; nra;ag;gLfpwNjh mt;Ntis gpuNtrgypnra;ag;gly; Ntz;Lk;.vd;fpwJ.];thak;Gtk;vDk;Mfkk;
fhsp

ruyP

thAjpf;F
thAjpf;F
gpuk;kuhl;rrd;

FNgujpf;F
FNgujpf;F
k`hyl;Rkp

tUzjpf;F

gpuk;krejp

gprhrd;

epWjp jpf;F

G+jhrdd;

[kjpf;;F

tLfiguth;

<rhdjpf;F
<rhdjpf;F
af;\rd;

,e;jpujpf;F
uhf;\rd;

mf;epjpf;F

gpuk;kre;jp- (NfhGuthrYf;fUfpy;) ,q;Nf vl;bjo;gj;kj;jpd;

eLNt kfhyyl;Rkp.vl;L,jo;fspYk; KiwNa.. mzpkh.
k`pkh.y`pkh.fupkh.<rpj;Jt.trpj;t.gpuhg;jp.gpuhfhk;a.
Mfparf;jpfis G+[pf;f.
,e;jpure;jp-p-(fpof;F) ,jpNy gQ;rNfhzk; my;yJ m\;l
Nfhzk;. Njtij-af;\rd;.
mf;fpdpre;jp -(njd;fpofF)
,jpNy jpupNfhzk; my;yJ %d;W
tl;lf;Nfhzk;. Njtij-uhf;\]d;.
akre;jp - (njw;F) ,jpNy mWNfhzk; my;yJgQ;rNfhzk;
Njtij-rh;tG+jd;.
epWjpre;jp -(njd;Nkw;F) ,jpNy..tRNfhzk;my;yJ Jthjr
Nfhzk;. Njtij-gprh]d;
tUzre;jp- (Nkw;F) ,jpNy-jrNfhzk;.my;yJgQ;rNfhzk;
my;yJ tRNfhzk;. Njtij- gpuk;kuhl;r]d;.
thAre;jp -(tlNkw;F) ,jpNy ghDNfhzk; my;yJ.N\hlr
Nfhzk;. Njtij- fhsP
FNgure;jp- (tlf;F) mjpNy. jpupNfhzk;.
Njtij -ruy;ad;.
<rhdre;jp -(tlfpof;F) \l;jpupk;rj;Nfhzk;.my;yJjpupNfhzk;
Njtij- tLfiguth;.

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

u1dx3%k;un* -

tpehafUf;Fupa m\;lkq;fyk;.

25

%\pfk;

rj;uk; (Fil)
gj;kk;(fkyk;)
uj;dFk;gk;

fl;thq;fk;

fhh;Kfk;(tpy;)
je;jk;
mq;Frk;

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

me;jzh;fSf;Fupa m\;lkq;fsk;.

~]O3% k;un* -

26

hD3y3 x;Y iy\V h7d9y6;J; v hD\y; -iF\; Lm[ h\F[hV ~]O3G3; q%k;un* -h7z9y3l1d
nfhb

gj;jpuk;

rq;F

Fil

rf;fuk;.

yl;Rkp

G+h;zFk;gk;

jPgk;

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

l3O3% k;un*

murh;fF
; upa m\;lkq;fyk;..

27

1Jl[ z41c3 uO11xz i3kl[ 1yvl[ pc, -hD3y3i h\F[hV J7J6O3k% k;un*-

Ngupif.vUJ. ahid rhkiu rpq;fk; Fjpiu nfhb tpsf;F ,it murUf;Fupa m\;lkq;fyk;.(fhuzhfkk;)

Ngup

vUJ

rpq;fk;

Fjpiu

ahid

nfhb

rhkiu

tpsf;F

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

NtshsUf;Fupa m~;lkq;fyk;.

x7F\3d3; q%k;un* -

28

Fh9d; h7d9y6;JV hD3y3 iD\ 1Jl]y3 ->[zD;vv]y; hF; x7F\3d3; q%k;un* --y3l1d
fz;zhb. G+h;zFk;gk; nfhb. Fil Ngupif =tj;rk;.];t];jpfh jhkiu .,it NtshsUf;Fupa m~;lkq;fyk;..

(,J G+h;tfhuzhfkj;jpy; ,Ue;J fz;nlLf;fg;gl;lJ.)

.

fz;zhb.

kq;fsNgup

G+h;zFk;gk;

=tj;rk;

nfhb

];t];jpfh

Fil

jhkiu

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

1Fz83% k;un*

Njtp m\;lkq;fsk;.

(G+h;tfhuzhfkj;jpy;)

k;un; x{] y6;JV yayV v1l3l6b; i3kl; k6y6l11Vz F[1h31Fz83% k;un* --

jhyp.Njtprf;jpMAjk;.Fk;gk;.flfk;. jhkiu rhkiu fz;zhb.jPgk; ,itfs; Njtpf;Fupa m\;lkq;fsk;.

jhyp

jhkiu

rf;jp

rhkiu

Fk;gk;

fz;zhb

iftis

jPgk;

29

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

Njth~;lkq;fyk;.

1Fz3% k;un* -

30

Fh9d; h7d9y6;JV z4cJ; K6ui3kl*- >[zD; vv]y; x;Y; F[h; 1Fz3%k;un* --y3l1d

fz;zhb. g+h;zFk;gk;. tpU~gk;. rhkiu. =tj;rk;. ];t];jpfk;. rq;fk;. jPgk;.,itfs; rptDf;Fupa m~;lkq;fy
nghUl;fs;MFk;..kw;wj;nja;tq;fSf;F tpU~gj;jpw;F gjpyhf me;je;j nja;tj;jpd; thfdq;fs Nrh;ff
; g;gLk;.
NkYk; Njtpf;F NtWm~;lkq;fyKk;.ehd;FtUzj;jtUf;Fk; jdpj;jdp m~;lkq;fyq;fSk; Kd;dhy; fhzyhk;.

jh;g;gzk;

Fk;gk;

rq;fk;

tpU\gk;

jPgk;

=tj;rk;

rhkiu

Rt];jpfk;

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

m\;lkq;fsj;ij jhq;Fk; Njtfd;dpah;.

Ez9x[g4D
Fh91d

1kGy3g4D
h7d9y6;1J

fz;zhbia Ve;Jk;Ch;trp

q%k;un*-

l;J3g4D
z4c1J

Fk;gj;ijVe;Jk; Nkdif

31

D]1L3Dk3g4D
K6ui3k1l

tpU\gj;ijVe;Jk; uk;gh

rhkiuVe;Jk; jpNyhj;jkh.

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

m\;lkq;fyj;ij jhq;Fk; Njtfd;dpah;.

v6k6Y[g4D
>[z1D

=tj;rk; jhq;Fk;
RKfP

v6#l[g4D
vv]1y

];t];jpfj;ij jhq;Fk;
Re;jup

q%k;un*-

y3k6Y[g4D
x;1Y

rq;ifVe;Jk;
fhKfP

32

y3kzX9G[g4D
F[1h

jPgj;ijVe;Jk;
fhkth;jdp

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

jrhAjq;fs;.....

t[; u hAjk;

gpurd;dh

gpurd;dhj;kf rf;jp

zO\; xy]V FdV Ya; h3x3;y6xBf3 uF3

33

D]\x7L; iy\V hF11Vz Fx3K6D* --

rf; j pahAjk;

&gpzP

fpWjahj;kf rf;jp

jz; l hAjk;

jhupzP

Nfhghj;kfrf;jp

fl; f hAjk;

tpKfP
Fzhj;kfrf;jp

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

zO\; xy]V FdV Ya; h3x3;y6xBf3 gO; -

jrhAjq;fs;.....njhlh;r;rp.....

uF3

ghrk;

eph;kyP

Nfhkshj;krf;jp

mq;Frk;

D]\x7L; iy\V hF11Vz Fx3K6D* -.Jt[k;.

Jh;kyP

fij

kjpf;fpuhfP

tp\hj;kfrf;jp

kfhj;krf;jp

34

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

35

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

fl;thq;fk; (MAjk;)

jiyf;Nfhy;

nrq;Nfhy;

36

Njtr;nrq;Nfhy;(fl;banghy;)

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp-fiykhkzp-.lhf;lh;.v];.v];.FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

nja; t MAjq; f s; . .

Nflak;

rpyk;G

QK6g3G]
guR

37

cLf;if

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp-fiykhkzp-.lhf;lh;.v];.v];.FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

QK6g3G]

38

ghrk;.

mk;G

mq;Frk;.

tpy;

je;jk;.

rf;uk;

Ntjhsk;

t[;uk;

ths;

Nflak;

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

nja;t MAjq;fs;.

guR

mf;\khiy

39

njhlh;r;rp...

fUk;Gtpy;

rhkuk;

rq;F

m6upfk;

G\;gghzk;

jPmfy;

Nfhlup

tPzh

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp-fiykhkzp-.lhf;lh;.v];.v];.FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

nja;t MAjq;fs;.

1K3uFd;

=tj;rk;

rf;jpahAjk;

cilths;

=tj;rk; ,d;ndhU tif

y4h3d*-

x{]
>[zD*

40

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

nja;t MAjq;fs;.

cyf;if

41

Nfhlup

kz;ntl;b

fj;jp

(Vh;)fyg;ig

k6vL*

y6A3l*

y6#3L[

Ys;

bL*

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

nfhb];jk;gk;

];jk;gk; gpujp\;il
42
%yhyagpujp\;ilapd; gpd;jhd; nra;ag;glNtz;Lk;.
nfhbkuk;-gjp (,iwtd;)
gpujp\;ilapd;NghJ uj;de;epahrk; nra;J jq;fj;jhy; my;yJ
nfhbr;rPiy-gR (Md;kh)
;
gpuk;kue;jpuk;
rjhrptd;
nts;spapdhy; tpU\gk;-Mik nra;J jz;lj;jpd; mbapy;
kQ;rs;fapW.jpUtUl;rf;jp
(jpNuhjhdrf;jp) Uj;jpud;
itf;fg;glNtz;Lk;.jz;lj;jpd; 3y;1ghfk; G+kpf;Fs; epWj;Jjy;
Mf;iQ
tp\;Z
Ntz;Lk;.
gpuk;kh
vkJclypy; 32fl;Lf;fisf;nfhz;lKs;se;jz;ilg; Nghd;w
mikg;Ng nfhbkukhFk;.fw;gf;fpufj;jpd; tpkhdrpfucauj;jpw;
nfhbkuk
nfhbkuk; - td;dp.,Yg;ig
tpRj;jp
`pe;jhyk;.rhytpUl;rk;.gid
F miktJ cj;jkkhFk;.Kjy;epiyrpw;gj;jpd; cauj;jpw;Nfh
fKF.fUq;fhyp.re;jzkuk;
fw;gf;fpuf gpu];jucauj;jpw;Nfhkj;jpkhf mikjy;Ntz;Lk;
gid.rk;gfk;.muR.My;.NjtjhU
nfhbkuk; gjpahfpa ,iwtidf;Fwpf;fpwJ.
nfhbr;rPiy
gyhR.%q;fpy;.jhyk;.rPh;\k;
gRthfpaMd;kNfhbfis Fwpf;fpwJ. jh;igf;fapW.Md;khit
Mfpakuq;fspy; nra;atpjpAz;L.
ge;jpj;jpUf;Fk; ghrj;ijf;Fwpf;fpwJ.kQ;rs;fapW jpNuhjhd
mdhfjk;
5 Kjy; 24 Ksk;tiu ];jk;gk;
rf;jpahfpa jpUtUisf;Fwpf;fpwJ.rPiyapy;tiuagLk; ee;jp
mikf;fyhk;.
,Uepiynahg;Gmile;j(ed;ikAk; jPikAk;.RfKk;Jf;fKk;
%d;WNkfiyAld; cgNtjpif
xd;whfepidf;Fk;gf;Ftk;)gupgf;FtMd;khthfTk; Rw;wptiua
gj;kk;Mfpatw;Wld; mikjy;
kzpG+ufk;
g;gl;lnghUl;fs;Md;khf;fs; tpUk;Gk;Nghfq;fisAk; Fwpf;Fk;.
; Ntz;Lk;.
nfhbr;ri
P yf;Fs; jh;igf;fapw;iw cs;Nsitj;J KWf;Fjy;
Ntz;Lk;.Vnddpy; fz;Zf;Fg;Gyg;glhj ghrk; rPiyahfpa
Md;khitcs;spUe;J Kwpf;fpf;nfhz;L ,Uf;fpwJ vd;gij
];thjp\;lhdk; Gyg;gLj;jNtahFk;.rpyh; jk;gj;jpy; jh;igf;fapw;iw fl;Lfpwhh;
fs;.mJ jtwhFk;.(Vnddpy;.rptid ghrk;gw;wpaJNghy;MFk;)
ghrj;jpy; mfg;gl;l Md;kh gjpia gw;wpg;gpbf;f [Pthd;kh
ghrk;kiwe;J gukhj;khTld; ,izfpwJ.,JNt rpj;jhe;jk;.
g83G*- ty3v8h3F; ~]Dl;D]\1dD\; 1l3k3zL[l3O]DFJ9k3L3;
%yhjhuk; 1xD3;u l7h; vyG3J]y3K3 k3l7shF3vG Fdl7h*-- (

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

43

rptd;.mk;ghs; nfhbr;rPiy
j;Jt[ MNuh`zk;
%d;Wehbfs;-

1. ROKid 2. ,il
3. gpq;fiy ,it %yhjhuj;jpy;
Fz;lypdpapy;,Ue;J Nky;Nehf;fp
rf];uhuk; tiu tUknghOJ
,iwQhdk; guKj;jpfpilf;fpwJ.
mjdhyjhd; nfhbr;ri
P y.fapW
njh;ig Mfpa%d;Wk; Nky;Nehf;fp
nry;fpwJ.
eLtpy; tiuag;gl;l Md;khthfpa
gR gukrptdpd; jpup#yKj;jpiu
iar; neQ;rpNy Rke;Jnfhz;L
cyf ge;j ghrq;fspy;,Ue;J
tpLgl;L jpUtUl;rf;jpapd; JizNahL
guKj;jpehbr;nry;YfpwJ.

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

44

tpehafh; nfhbr;rPiy

Jh;fi
; f-fhsp-khup nfhbr;rPiy

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

Njh; (ujk;)

NjUf;Fupakuq;fs;-rhytpUl;rk;.ehty;.rhuk;.kfpo;.mh;AdJhjk;
45
gh;guk;.tpahf;uP.fUq;fhyp.fpU\PupzP.fpUruk;
fpUjkhyk;.td;dp.Mfpa kuq;fs;
rJutbthd Njh;- eg];tugj;jpufk; vd;Wk;. mWNfhztbthd Njiu - gpughQ;rdgj;ufk; vd;Wk; $Wth;.
NkYk;...tpjhdgj;ufk;.gtdgj;ufk;. gpU\jgj;ufk;.re;jpugj;ufk;.mepygj;ufk;
vd Ie;Jtif Njh;fs; Mfkq;fspy; $wg;gLfpwJ.
epj;Nahw;rtj;jpw;F- Ie;Jrpy;Yila Njh;. kN`hw;rtj;jpw;F 6Kjy; 10 rpy;
nfhz;l Njh;mikjy; Ntz;Lk;.
rptDf;F- 9 NtjpifAilaNjUk;.kw;wnja;tq;fSf;F 5 NtjpifAila
NjUk; mikj;jy; Ntz;Lk;.
Njupy;.. Ff;\p. mf;\k;. je;jk;. rpj;uk;. fPyk; vd5tifcWg;Gf;fs;cz;L.
#upare;jpuh;fs; - rpy;YfshfTk;.
G+Nyhfk; - Njupd;jl;lhfTk;.
64fiyQhdq;fs;-Njupd; KidfshfTk;.
Rth;fk; - MrdgPlkhfTk;.
Ntjhq;fq;fs;; - Nky;tpl;lkhTk;.
,kakiy - myq;fhu Kd;cWg;Gf;fs;.
cjafpupia .nfhbfshfTk;
mz;lq;fs; - khiyfshfTk;.
el;rj;jpuq;fs;- tpjhdkhTk;.
rg;jrKj;jpuq;fs;- myq;fhuJzpfshfTk;.
rg;jjPh;j;jq;fs;-rhkiufshfTk;
Ntjq;fs; FjpiufshfTk;
tRf;fs; fbthsq;fshfTk;
cgepljq;fs; kzpfshfTk;.
gpuk;kh rhujpahfTk;.
gpuztk; rTf;fhfTk;.mikAk;

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

Kj;jpuhyl;rzk;
Mthfdk;;

;(tutioj;jy;;)
jpf;ge;jdk;

(mUSf;F,ilA+Wtuhky;
fl;Ljy;)

46

];jhgdk;

;(mkUk;gbNtz;Ljy;)
NjDKj;jpiu

(fhkNjDtpd;ghyhy;
ghjq;fis mgpN\fpj;jy;)

re;epjhdk;

;(rhe;epj;ak;ngWjy;)
gj;kk;

(jhkiukyh;
rkh;g;gpj;jy;)

re;epNuhjdk;

(mUs;GupaNtz;Ljy;)
jpup#yk;

(#yk;rkh;g;gpj;jy;)

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

Kj;jpuhyl;rzk;

`k;rKj;jpiu

(md;dj;ij Fwpf;Fk;)
N`hkfhupaj;jpy;
jhdpak;.rkpj;J
mf;fpdpapy;,Lk;NghJ
ghtpg;gJ

47

kpWfPKj;jpiu

(khdpd;milahsk;)
tpG+jpnfhLj;jy;
G+mh;rid
Fk;gjPghjpfs;,k;
Kj;jpiuahy;
nra;jy;Ntz;Lk;

mtFz;ldk;

epuPf;\zk;

(Rw;wpg;guhkupj;jy;)
,lj;ijRw;wp
ghJfhj;jy;

FU jkJ mUl;ghh;iyahy;
cw;W Nehf;Fjy;

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

fw;G+ujPgkfpik..

48

vy;yhj;jg
P q;fspYk; fw;G+ujPgNk tpN\lkhdjhFk;.rpthfkq;fs; nrhy;Yk; fw;G+uePuhQ;rdk; jw;nghOJ Myaq;f
spy; (Gifmjpfk;tUtjhfr;nrhy;yp) fhl;lg;gLtjpy;iy. 100 Njq;fha;vz;izj; jPgk;Vw;Wjy;>; XUnea;jg
P k; Vw;
WjYf;F rkd;. 100 nea;jg
P k; Vw;Wjy; XU fw;G+u jPgj;jpw;F rkkhFk;.; ,g;gbkfpikAs;sJ fw;G+ujPgk;.
ntz;ikahd fw;G+ukhdJ Md;khf;fspd; ntz;zpwkhd rhj;tf
P Fzk;Nghy Mtjw;Fk;> fw;G+ukhdJ mf;fpdp
NahL Nrh;ej
; Jk; cUfp jd;tbtk;khw;wp N[hjptbkha; tpsq;Fjy;Nghy Md;khf;fs; rptQhdhf;dp gw;wpaJk;
kdKUfp gRj;Jtk; ePqf
; p rptj;Jtjd;ik miljiyf;Fwpf;Fk;.NkYk;> fw;G+uk; ahnjhUgw;Wkpy;yhky; jd;tb
tk;KOJk; fiuag;ngw;W Mfhaj;jpy; fye;J mj;Jtpjkha; tpsq;FtJNghy> mij Vw;Wtjhy;...Md;khf;fs;
];Jhy #f;\k
; fhuz ruPuq;fs; fiuag;ngw;W vy;yhtpj Mrhghrq;fs;eq
P f
; g;ngw;W rpjhfhrj;NjhL mj;Jtpj
kha; ,iwad;gpy; Ngupd;gngUtho;T milthh;fs;. vd;gij czh;jJ
; fpd;wd.
fU
G+Nuhk; ,d;ndhU fw;gj;jpy; G+ukhl;Nlhk;. fw;G+uk; Vw;wpdhy; vkJghtq;fs; fiutNjhL ,dpxU
fw;gj;jpy;nrd;W gpwf;fkhl;Nlhk. vd;gij Fwpj;Jepw;Fk;.
fw;G+uk; gw;wp jpUKiwfspy;...
1. mf;fpdpf;fw;G+uj;ij awtpOq;fpf; nfhz;lhw;Nghd;
kf;fpdk; gl;Ls;Ns kUtpapUe;jhz;b - gl;bdj;jhh;ghly;.
2. jPaizahf;fw;G+uk; jPgnkd ehd;fz;l
NrhjpAld;xd;Wpj jpuprWg;gnjd;ehNsh...- jhAkhdth;;
vdNt..vkJgpwtpg;gpzpia mfw;wty;yJ fw;G+ujPgNk
fw;Gurl;bvLj;J topgLjy; ngz;fSf;F fhtbtopghLNghd;wjhFk;

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

kdpjNjfj;jpy; Mwhjhuq;fs;.....

gpuk;kue;jpuk;

49

mFsgj;kk;.(rf];uhuk;)
Mf;iQ
GUtkj;jp

tpRj;jp.(fz;l];jhdk;)
,jDila jdpj;jdp tpsf;fq;fs;
mLj;j gf;fq;fspy;.
meh`jk; (`;Ujafkyk;)

kzpg+ufk;.(ehgp];jhdk;)
Rthjp];jhdk; (Fj];jhdk;)
%yhjhuk; (Fz;lypdprf;jp)

Fsgj;kk;

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

Mwhjhuk;...(tpupthf;fk;)
1.%yhjhuk
1.%yhjhuk;(Fz;lypdprf;jp)

50

,J rJutbTilaJ. jk; Jk; kk; Kk; lk; Lk; vd;Dk;

MWvOj;Jf;fSila Mwpjo;f;fkyk;.,q;Nf fhaj;jpup.rhtpj;jpup
rNkjuhf gpuk;khtPw;wpUf;fpwhh;.,Jypq;f];jhdj;jpy; cs;sJ.

2.];thjp\;lhdk
hdk; (ypq;f];jhdk;)
,J Kf;NfhztbTilaJ.tk;-xk;-ck;-vk;-vd;Dk; ehd;F
vOj;Jf;fSld;$ba 4 ,jo;fkyk;.nghd;dpwk;.tPzhjz;lj;jpd;
mbg;ghfj;jpy;cs;sJ.,q;Nf rpj;jpyl;Rkp ty;yigrf;jprNkj
uhf %yhjhufzgjp tPww
; pUf;fpwhh;.,JNt Xq;fhu tbthd
Fz;lypdp rf;jpahFk;.

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

Mwhjhuk;....njhlh;rr
; p..
3.kzpG+ufk
3.kzpG+ufk;.(ehgp];jhdk;)

kzpG+ufk; tpWj;jtbtk;.,jpy;..s; S; d; D; f; F;
g; G; h; H; vd;Dk; 10 ml;ruq;fSld;$ba fkyj;jpy;
jhuh yl;Rkp rNkjuhf kfhtp\;Z tPww
; pUf;fpwhh;.
,J njhg;gps;];jhdkhFk;.

4. mdhfjk
mdhfjk;(`pUja];jhdk;)

51

,J mWNfhztbTilaJ.y; Y; u; U; ?;
i; o; O; p; P; a; A; vd;Dk;12 ml;ruq;fs;
cilafkyk;. ,jpy; nfsupmk;gpifAld; tpU\g
thfdj;jpy; Uj;jpu%h;jj
; p tPww
; pUf;fpd;whh;.

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

Mwhjhuk;....njhlh;rr
; p..

6.Mf;iQ (GUtkj;jp)

52

5.tpRj;jp.p.(fz;l];jhdk;)

,J fz;l];jhdj;jpy;...q; Q; w; W; e;
E; r; r; R;R; t; 1t; T; T2;
q; q, vDk; 16 ml;ruq;fSld; $ba fkyj;jpd;
eLNt cd;kdP thf;thjpdPrNkjuhf kN`];tuh;
tPw;wpUf;fpwhh;.

Mf;iQ-GUtkj;jpapy; ..n; m; vd;Dk; ,uz;L

ml;ruq;fSld; $ba ,U,jo;ff
; kyj;jpy; kNdhd;;
kzp>jh;krf;jp rNkjuhf rjhrpth; tPww
; pUf;fpwhh;.

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

Mwhjhuq;fSf;FNky; ..Jthjrhe;jk;... mFsgj;kk;

53

(rpu];Rf;FNky;12mq;Fyk;)
mq;Nf....Mauk; ,jo;fSila rf];jpujsgj;kj;jpy; MjpNjtuhfpa rptngUkhd; rpj;nrh&gkha;>ep\;fs&gkha;
#f;\k
; Njfpaha; vy;yhk;mwpAk; rh;tf;Quha; MWFzq;fshy; epuk;gg;ngw;wtuha; eph;kyuha; Qhd%h;jj
; paha;
Ntjrhukha; guhj;gukha; tpsq;Ffpwhh;.
G]D8x6X j6X1j3g G]z]9y3l G]k9L; qD8d6h\k3dF]z8 1FbF[h kz8K;/3Gx3m] l7h1bD6 v3m]v3gG3Dl; QD]1Fz k7L1zF v3l1kz i]B1KM --

mjPj];jhdk;

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

54

Mrhh;a cw;rtj;jpy; Dr.FU[P

kN`hw;rtj;jpy; Dr.FU[P

Ehiyg;ghuhl;b
fiykhkzp
Dr..v];.v].FU[P
mth;fSf;F
nghd;dhil
Nghh;j;jp khiy
mzptpf;fpwhh;..
uh[g;ghFUf;fs;

Mfkr;rpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-1 ntspaPlL
; tpohtpy; >fhQ;rpGuk; uh[g;ghFUf;fs;>rhkp.tp];tehjf;FUf;fs;> vkJje;ijahh;>
eapid guNk];tuf;FUf;fs;. nfhOk;G FQ;rpjghjf;FUf;fs;. MfpNahh; mkh;ej
; pUf;Fk; fhl;rp.

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

Ntjpiffs;....

55

gj;kk;

I];th;a

fh;zpif

ituhf;a

Nfruk;

Qhd

jh;k

gj;kk;

ehsk;

fe;jk;

mde;jd;

Mjhurf;jp
$h;khrdk;
$h;khrdk;
rhjhuzNtjpif
\Lj; j hrdk;

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

56
,d;ndhUtpjk;.

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

Fk;gq;fs; itf;Fk; rf;jpf;Fupa ahfNtjpiffs; (rhf;jk;)

gj;k Ntjpif

kfhNkU =rf;jp Ntjpif

57

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

ahfNtjpif..

gQ;rhrd Ntjpif(NtWtpjk;)

rf;jpf;Fupa ahfNtjpif

mh;j;jNkU Ntjpif(rhf;jk;)

58

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

gQ;rhrdq;fSld; $ba Ntjpif

59

tpkyhrdk;
gj;khrdk;
Nahfhrdk;

rpk;khrdk;

mde;jhrdk;
m\;lehfk;
m\;lf[k;
m\;lgh;tjk;
gP[hq;Fuk;
Mjhurf;jp
$h;khrdk;
cgNtjpif

VfFk;gNtjpif

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

60

gQ;rhrdk;...jdpj;jdp tpupthf;fk;...

$h;khrdk;

1.mde;jhrdk;
m\;lnf[q;fs;

Mjhurf;jp
jz;L
gP[hq;Fuk;

mde;jd;

$h;kk;
m\;lehfq;fs;

m\;lgh;tjq;fs;

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

gQ;rhrdk;...jdpj;jdp tpupthf;fk;...

61

2.rpk;khrdk;

3.Nahfhrdk;

Qhdd;

ituhf;ad;

JthguAfk;

jpNujhAfk;
mituhf;ad;

mf;Qhdd;

mid];th;ad;

mjh;kd;

Rj;jkhia

fpWjAfk;

jh;kd;

I];th;ad;

fypAfk;

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3

gQ;rhrdk;...jdpj;jdp tpupthf;fk;...

4.gj;khrdk; & 5.tpkyhrdk;

62

gpujhdFk;gk;

rhj&g>gpe;JUgrf;jp
kz;lyq;fs;
#h;a Nrhk td;dp
kz;lyq;fs;

tpkyhrdk;
; m\; l jsgj; k k;
1. mzpkhkajsk;
2 y`pkhkajsk;
3. k`pkhkajsk;
4. `upkhkajsk;
5. gpuhfhk;akajsk;
6. <rpj;tkajsk;
7. trpj;tkajsk;
8. rh;tf;Qjhkajsk;

m\;ltpj;Na];tu Fk;gq;fs;

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

Ntjpiffs; . ...
Fk;gmgpN\f fhyq;fspy; Fk;gk;itg;gjw;F ,e;j
Ntjpiffis mikj;Jg;ghtpf;fyhk;.

tpWj; j Ntjpif

rJuNtjpif

gQ;;rNfhzNtjpif

mWNfhzNtjpif

63

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

ahfj;jpw;Fupa Fz;lq;fs.; mikf;Fk; Kiw....

rJuFz;lk;

\l;NfhzFz;lk;;

64

NahdpFz;lk;

gj;kFz;lk;

tpWj;jFz;lk;

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

ahfj;jpw;Fupa Fz;lq;fs;

Nky;Nkfiyapy;-murk;,iyNghd;W ehgp mikf;fg;gLk;

Fz;lj;jpd; cs;mfyk;- 1 Kok;

65

Fz;lq;fs; %d;W NkfiyfSld; mikAk; (glk;-3)

rJu];uFz;lj;jpd; ntspj;Njhw;wk;.
mh;j;jre;jpu Fz;lk;

Nky; Nkfiyapd; msT- 4 mq;Fyk;.

eLNkfiy msT- 3 mq;Fyk;.
fPoN
; kfiy msT - 2 mq;Fyk;
NkfiyfSld; Fz;lj;jpd; Mok;- 24 mq;Fyk;.
mjhtJ - Nkfiyfs; 9 mq;FyKk;.
fPoM
; ok; epyj;jpy;,Ue;J 15 mq;FyKkhFk;.
Nkfiyfspy;..gupjp.tp\;luk;.gup];juzq;fs;
itf;fg;gLk;

jpupNfhz Fz;lk;

gupjpfspy;-fpof;Nf-gpuk;khitAk;
Nkw;fpy;--tp\;Z. njw;fpy;- Uj;jpud;
tlf;Nf- mde;jidAk; G+[pf;f.
eLNkfiyapy;- tp\;luq;fspy;-,e;jpuhjp m\;ljpf;ghyfh;.
fPo;Nkfiyapy;- gup];juzq;fspy;-t[;uhjp jrhAjq;fisAk;
G+[pf;f.

m\;lNfhzFz;lk;

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

ahfrhiyapd; G+h;tj;Jthu Njtijfs;.....G+[pf;Fk;

,lq;fs;---

66

FKjd;
Jthucgup];jpjJt[k;
gpurhe;jd;

rprpud;
jf;\pzgjhif
Jthunjl;rpzrhif
Mjpj;jpad;

cj;jugjhif
ru];tjp

yl;Rkp

fzgjp
jhf;ud;

Jthucj;jurhif
re;jpud;

kpj;jpud;

tpjhj;ud;
rhe;jp
Njhuzk;

,Uf;Ntjk;
aKid

nfq;fh
mth;f;fh
fth;f;fh
fghlk;

Jthughyh;

Jthughyh;
mNjhJk;guk;

G+h;tj;Jthuk; (fpof;Fthry;)

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

gQ;rtpk;rjp (25)fyr ];egdk;. (nusuthfkk;)

67

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

eNthj;jurj (109)fyr];egdk;. 14#j;jpuk; (nusuthfkk;)

68

fpof;F

njw;F

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

N\hlr j;Jtprj (216) fyr ];egdk;. (m[pjhfkk;)

20 #j;jpuq;fs;.

69

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

eNthj;ju rf];u (1009)fyr];egd etFz;lgjk; ---(nusuthfkk;)

52#j;jpuk;.

1009 KbT.

70

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

eNthj;jurj (109)fyr (rq;f) ];egdk;.

(Rg;gpuNgjhfkk;)

71

tlf;F

fpof;F
Nkw;F

njw;F

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

jr#j;jpu (gq;jp) VfFz;l ahfrhiy

10 #j;jpuk;.

ryNgu cw;rt%h;jpfspd; gpujp\;ilapd;NghJk;

72
rk;GNuhf;\zk;. m\;lge;jdq;fspYk; mikf;fyhk;

gpuk;kgjk; - gpujhdFk;gk;.
Njtgjk; - gupthuFk;gk;.
khD\gjk; - rQ;rhugjk;. Fz;lq;fs;
uhf;\rgjk; - Njhuq;fs;

7my;yJ 9 Kok;rJuj;jpy; ahfk; mikf;fyhk;

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

utp#j;jpu gQ;rFz;l ahfrhiy .(fhkpfk;)

tpkhd];jhgdk;.GNuhf;\zk; Mfpatw;wpw;F 73
,ijmikf;fyhk;.

12#j; j puk; 11gjk;

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

fyh#j;jpu etFz;l ahfrhiy (fhkpfk;) 16 #j;jpuk;.

74

ghy];j;jhgdk; .jPl;ir. ]k;GNuhf;\zk;.ypq;f];jhgdk;

Mfpatw;wpy; ghtpf;fyhk;.

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

m\;Nlhj;jurj (108)fyr (rq;F) ];egdk;.

-fhuzhfkk;.

75

tlf;F

Nkw;F

fpof;F

njw;F

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

eNthj;ju rf];u (1009) fyr ];egdk;.

-Rg;gpuNgjhfkk;.

(50#j;jpuq;fs;)

76

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

fz#j;jpu etFz;l ahfrhiy (fhkpfhfkk;)

18

#j;jpuk; 289 gjk; 8Mtuzk;

tlf;F

fpof;F

Nkw;F

njw;F

77

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

m\;Nlhj;jpu rjfyr(108) ];egdk;. tpWj;jhfhuk; (thJshfkk;) 16 #j;juk;.

tlf;F

fpof;F

Nkw;F

njw;F

78

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

kD#j;jpu etFz;l ahfrhiy - (fhkpfk;)

79

14 #j;jpuk; 169 gjk;

tlf;F

Nkw;F

fpof;F

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

jPf;\hkz;lyq;fs;.....

80

fhkpfk;.

Rgj;uh jPf\
; hkz;lyk;
,J 12 #j;jpuq;fisf; nfhz;lJ.

yjh ypq;f gj;kjPf\

; h kz;lyk;
29 #j;jpuq;fs; nfhz;l m\;lypq;f kz;lyk;

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

81
l3O1u3h6l z]g],
~3lV j:11FzV G[L3z]c6v11fzi- G3ny6;1Jc6 l61F\i x]Lhw%]VF3l611y, vz91Fz rc];11iz v11glvV x{]c6- vz93GB3z]g3GV J11{x ud J7J11y, >;u3lVfL;y4D8 GmD\V vk3i1lM- wD]1u3h6l 1GD\;i x]l G3v] y\1kdD6--

,uh[NfhGuk;..

gQ;rjs
uh[NfhGuk;

Uj; j pughfk;

tp\; Z ghfk;

gpuk; k ghfk;

jpupjs uh[NfhGuk;

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

Jtpjs tpkhdk;.

(,uz;Ljstpkhdk;)
]; J hgp

fNghjfk;

,J 16 gq;Fld; 5 tupirfs;
1k; fh;z$L - gq;F 5
gpu];juk; gq;F 2
nfdk; gq;F 3
rpfuk;
gq;F 4
];Jhgp gq;F 2
Mf gq;F 16.
rpfuk;

fOj;J

ghe;J

Nfh
\;
l
J
th
uk;

ikaNfh\;lk;

ghe;J

$z;L

nfdk;

gpu]; j uk;
gQ;ru$L

gQ;ru$L

1k; fh; z $L
J
th
uk;

82

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

jpupjs tpkhdk;

(%d;Wjsk;)

fyrk;

rpfuk;

%d;whtJ jsepiy
2k; gpu];jsk;

(jpupjs tpkhd gq;Fyl;rz fl;blmikg;G) 83

kfhgj;kk;
khiyffl;L
f;zzhbfl;lk;
gz;bif
,ilf;fl;Lehfge;jk;
gj;kk;
khiyfl;L
Jhf;NfhL
Nghwpif
ika Nfh\;lk;

fhy;

2k; fh;z$L
$z;L

Ntjpif
ahsk;
fNghjfk;
vOjfk;
cj;juk;
cs;ehl;Lf;fOj;J

,uz;lhtJ jsepiy

ikarhiy
gQ;ruk;

fh;z$L
ahsk;
vOjfk;

1k; gpu];jsk;

cj;juk;
cs;ehl;Lf;fOj;J
fNghjfk;

Kjy;js epiy
fh;z$L

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

84

fw;gf;fpuf cj;jukl;lfl;bl mikg;G

ahstup

gpu];jhdk;
$z;L

fNghjtup
fk;Gtup
vOjftup

cj;jutup

fk;Gtup
Nghjpiftup

ghjth;f;fk;

fhy;tup

Nfh\;lk;
Ntjpiftup
mjp\;lhdk;

mjp\;lhdtup
fdjptup
gl;biftup

cggPlk;

fz;ltup
cghdtup
gpujktup

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

85

Kfgj;jpuNtiyapd; tupirkhd fl;blmikg;G

ahsk;
f;Nghjk;
vOjfk;
cj;juk;
nghwpif

fhy;

mNjhgj;kk;
fOj;J
Nfhbkhiyfk;G
th[pdk
vOjfk;
fk;G
cj;juk;
nghwpif
tPufz;lk
fOj;J
my;ypf;fhy;
ehb
fhy;
ehfge;jk;

Ntjpif
gz;bif
cghdgj;kk;
;fNghjgz;bif

fz;lk;
gpujkk;

fk;G
mNjhgj;kk;
fOjJ
gyif
Ch;j;tgj;kk
FKjfk;
fOj;J
Ch;j;tgj;kk

fz;lk;
Ch;j;tgj;kk;

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

ghjnge;jk;

gpujpnge;jk;

G\;gnge;jk;.

=nge;jk;

fk;G
gl;bay;
fk;G
fz;lk;
fk;G
FOjfk
n[fjp

gj;kk;
cghdk;

Jhz; f spd; t iffs

gpu]; j uth; ; f k;
th[dk;
gpujp
me;jup
Mypqf
; k;
fNghjk;

vOjfk
fk;G
cj;juk;

; ;

Fl;aghjk;

ghjth;fk;

ghjth;fk;

rpj;jpuj;Jhz;

86

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

fw;gf;fpuf gjq;fs;- nja;tq;fis ];jhgpf;Fk; ,lq;fs;

(fhkpfk;)

87

,J;..G+j gprhR thr];jyk;..,jpy;ahiuAk; gpujp\;il nra;af;$lhJ

1

10

11

12

13

14

15

tpehafh;

gf;jNjtijfs;

ru];tjp;;..yl;Rkp

\z;Kfh;

tp\;Z
gpuk;kh

ikag;gFjp

11 uJ9u\bv8z]v3l; z];xD]J93uk3i1iM12
13
14
15

17

18

19

20

rf;jp. Jh;fi
; f-fhsp
iguth;

10

16

rq;fugjk;-rpt%h;jj
; q;fs;

NfhKif

fw;gfpufj;ij 20 gjq;fshf Mf;Ff.

,jpNy...
h\fk; x;ylv8D6 ~]D[K; z]c6l6i81D
ikag;gFjpapy; ,Ue;J gpd;Rth;iu Nkw;fhl;bagb
D4D[K; cd6Y;v3h8 hVkB6 vlvD]
me;je;j ];jhdq;fspy; Rthkpia gpujp\;il nra;f.
cck; J{1Fz3G3; vhkB6 z]G3Ky; gpd; Rtiumz;bAs;s G+j gprhrgjq;fspy; ve;jnthU
qck; 11Jl; v3h8- Gzk; x{ l6i81D-- nja;tj;ijAk; ];jhgpj;jy; MfhJ.
-y3k]y*-

;
<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;
88
k1g8F6 Fg]h\3i] Fm]1d U4D1kzi
eD1l kg6v;1K3O8 xy9l3 hx]1k J1zMyDnhGv3k\DV u1G3Fy; kD,hl;Q1u83F[x3G hK9B; v3J1KD6 z]1xcD,-- i]B83u1khV3k4D; F3zM ~]z]g; JzD]- gQ; r hkph; j k; ,Utpjk; .
1.urgQ;rhkph;jk;- Vyf;fha; Kjypa fe;Njhjfq;fSld; ghy;.japh;.rh;f;fiu

gQ;rhkph;jk;....

Njd;.nea; Kjypad Nrh;ej

; J.
2.gogQ;rhkh;jk;-Nkw;$wpa jputpaq;fSld; khk;gok;.thiog;gok;.gyhg;gok;
,itfs; Nrh;gg
; J.

mq; F uhh; g ; g zk;

;....#h;am];jkdj;jpd;gpd; %d;NwKf;fhy; ehopifapy; nra;a tpjpahk;.

m\;lghypif- etgjj;jpd; eLNt.mkph;Nj];tuh;(NrhkFk;gk;) thkghfk;-fpUj;jpfh .jf;\ghfk;-NuhfpzP.

G+h;thjp 8gjq;fspy; ,e;jpuhjpfis G+[pg;gJ.
Jthjr ghypif- kj;jpapy; 2rf;jpfSld; NrhkFk;gk;.
12 ghypiffspYk; Nk\k;Kjyhd uhrpfis
G+[pg;gJ.
rJh;ghypif- 1.fhupzPG+jh.2.jhuzPG+jh3.thUzPG+jh4.rh;t
kq;fsh vdehy;tUld; ghypiffspy;...
G+h;thjpahf.....gpuk;kh. tp\;Z. Uj;jpud;. mde;jd; vd
ehy;tiuAk; G+[pg;gJ.

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

rptd;Mya thapw;fhtyh;fs;.
fpof;F thry;

x]z~3l h3Ly3,-

h7z9~3l;

ee;jp

89

(nusuthfkk;)
njw;F thry;

1Dm]d~3l;

kfhfhsh;

jz;b

Kz;b

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

rptj;Jthu ghyfh;fs; (nusuthfkk;)

Nkw;Fthry;.

~3lh3Ly,-

thapw;fhtyh;fs;.
tlf;Fthry;

hx]k~3l;

tp[ad;

90

eDl~3l;

gpWq;fp

Nfhgjp

mde;jd;

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

Njtg+i[.....kq;fy jrjuprdk;..

91

Myaq;fspy; Fk;ghgpN\fk
hgpN\fk; eilngWk;nghOJ %yhyaj;jpy; Fk;gePh; mgpN\fk;nra;jTld; Myaf; fjT
rhj;jg;gLk;. mjw;Fupa fhuzk;...kdpjh;fshfpa vk;khy; nra;ag;gl;l Fk;ghgpN\fj;jpy; njupe;Njh njupahkNyh
nra;ag;gl;l Fw;wk; Fiwfis ePfF
; tjw;fhf Njth;fs; tUifje;J khdrPfg;gpujp\;il nra;J G+i[ nra;J
mUis Vw;gLj;jpr;nry;thh;fs;.mjw;fhfNt miukzpNeuk; NjtG+i[f;fhf fjT rhj;jg;gLk;.
mjd;gpd; jrjuprdk; fhz;gpf;fg;gLk;. jrjupdkhtJ...10 tpj kq;fyq;fis ,iwtDf;F fhz;gpj;jy;.
mitahtd.....1.Njth;fs;ahtUk; epiwe;jpUf;Fk; gR.
2. Fk;ghgpN\fj;ij elhj;jpitj;j mwpthh;ej
; FU.
3. Ntjghuhazk; nra;j me;jzh;.
4.. kq;fyk;jUk; fz;zhb.
5. G+uzFk;gk;
6. kq;fyjPgk;.
7. fd;dpg;ngz;fs;.
8. eldkpLk; fzpifah;
9. ehl;ilMs;gth;. Myav[khd;
10. gz;ghLk; mbahh; jpUf;$l;lk;.
gz;zpNdh;nkhop vDk; gjpfk; ghb fjTjpwe;J ,itfs; xtnthd;whf fhz;gpj;J jPgk;fhl;Ljy; Ntz;Lk;.
juprpf;Fk; gf;jh;fs; fz;zhbtopahf Kjypy; juprdk; nra;jy; Ntz;Lk;.

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

92

G+i[f;Fupa cgfuzq;fs;
tpG+jpkly;

fyrk;

nfz;b

cUj;jpuhl;rk;

kzp
rq;fk;
Jhgf;fhy;
cj;juzp

gQ;rghj;jpuk;

jPgf;fhy;

fw;G+uj;jl;L

Fj;Jtpsf;F

G+j;jl;L

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v];.FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

tpehafh;. mq;Frh];j;uk;.(G+[pf;fg;gLk; Njtijfs;.).

tpyhrpdp ;

;fNzrh;

gpuNkhjd;

tpfph;jp
ty;yghNjtp

MNkhjd;
tpflh;

tPud;

m\;lehfhjpfs;

Jh;jud;Kjyhd
vz;kh;
KePej
; pud;

q?6x3v*-

93

g83G*D]\1GD\; l{zd9V EX91yx; v6F;%]\d;

yh3L x7L; hFV ykdLm g3l]d;
El6bv;~]h3FV y]V]Mj\bv]D3GG;

1y3a 1y3a kb3O3L; j\bz]c6 x]z3Dy;

kb3;y6x3v\ 1kzB6g831KM z]UG]z3ly*--

m\;lnf[k;
re;jpud;
m\;ltRf;fs;.
#h;ad;
VfhjrUj;jpuh;fs;
Jthjrhjpj;ah;fs;
etf;fpufhjpNjth;fs;
mq;Frh];jpuNjth;

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

x]z3v \ ;

rptm];jj
; puk;

mf;dp

94

thA

rptUj;jpuh;
Mfhrk;

gpuk;kh

tp\;Z

D]\1GD\; l{zd9V EX91yx; v6F;%]\d;yh3L x7L; hFV ykdLm g3l]d;-

guNk];tup
kfhfhsp
ru];tjp
<rhehjp Njth;fs;
gpuhk;kpKjyhd rg;jkhjhf;fs;
re;jpud;
m\;lkq;fyk;

El6bv;~]h3FV y]V]Mj\bv]D3GG;1y3a 1y3a kb3O3L; j\bz]c6 x]z3Dy;

kb3x]z3v\1kzB6 g831KM z]UG]z3ly*--

=Njtp
tpf;Nd];tuh;
N\j;jpughyh;

mtpf;dd;
gpuNkhjd;

#h;ad;
thkhjpetrf;jp
VfhjrUj;jpuh;
m\;liguth;
Jthjr Mjpj;jpah;

tpf;dfh;jj
; h

MNkhjd;

m\;ltRf;fs;

gypgPlk;
kfhrh];jh
;

Jh;fhNjtp
etf;fpufk;
m\;lnf[k;. m\;lehfk;. m\;lgh;tjk;

Jh;Kfd;

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

(Rg;gpukzpah;)..Ffh];jpuk;.

u6b3v*-

mf;dp
Uj;jpuh;
kfhrh];jh
thA

Mfhr%h;jj
; p

tp\;Z

95

-u6b3vg83G*-

qv6l bld xv; x{]k3kd]D3u\;vyLv6l kK3B; v#bv h]\K;v83MD]\x]YOL]D zb] z3K6l3y3x k7D]9;qklzlv6 h7O8; qv1Fz vl7h*--

gpuk;kh
];fe;jh;
rFd;epahjp m\;lrf;jpfs;.

kfhty;yp

nf[ty;yp

#upad;

G+kpNjtp
kA+uh;

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

Mapuj;njl;L ypq;fk;

96
96

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

97

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

rptdpd; vOtifj; jhz;ltq;fs;..

3.re;jpah jhz;ltk;.(fhj;jy;)

98

4.rq;fhujhz;ltk;(mopj;jy;)

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

rptdpd; vOtifj; jhz;ltq;fs;..

5.jpupGu jhz;ltk;.(kiwj;jy)

99

6.Ch;jJ
; t jhz;ltk; (mUsy;)

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

100

101

,iw rpifmyq;fhuk;

jkpok;(rpyk;Gf;nfhz;il)
msf#lk;

jk;kpy;yk;(jkpok;)

jkpok;

jkpok;

102

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

jiymyq;fhuk;-1

103

[lhkz;lyk;

rh;gg
; nksyp

[lhkz;lyk;

Nfrge;jk;

Rlh;Kb

[lhge;jk;

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

jiymyq;fhuk;-2

Nfrge;jk;

Nfrge;jk;

tpupril

tpupril

104

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

jiymyq;fhuk;-3

[lhghuk;

[lhghuk;.

rpu];jpufk;

Fe;jsk;

[lhghuk;

105

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

,iwmzpfyq;fs;. 1
Nkfiy

106

Nkfiy

Nkfiygpd;Gwk;

miug;gl;b

jhufr;Rk;ik

1
2

miug;gl;bgpd;mikjp
Nkfiy.

,ilf;fl;L

Kbr;rzpNkfiy

miug;gl;b
jhufr;Rk;ik

cjug;gl;b

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

,iwmzpfyq;fs;.......

107

rd;dtPuk;
Njhs;tisfs;

tPur;rq;fpyp

G+Ehy;- cjuge;jk;
rd;dtPuk; gpd;mikjp

tPur;rq;fpyp

.G+Ehy; cu];#j;jpuk;

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

mzpfyq;fs;..

108

Gypg;gy; jhyp
mUk;Gr;ruk;-rug;gsp
fz;bif-rug;gsp-rTb
njha;afk;- fbg;G

Njhs;tis

fpiuNtafhuk;
Njhs;khiy
];jd#j;jpuk;.

cu];#j;jpuk;
cjuge;jdk;

thFkhiy-

gpuk;kKbr;R
gpuk;kKbr;R

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

109

nja;tMilmzpfyq;fs;

Njhyhil

kuTupMil

g;lhilapd;mikjp

gl;lhil,ilf;fl;L.
Kj;jhsak;

Njhyhil

gQ;rhilapd;mikjp

Fwq;F nrwp

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

110

epw;Fk; jpUf;Nfhyq;fs;..

itj];jpf];jhdfk;

rkghj];jhdfk;
fhNahj;rh;f;fk;

itrhf ];jhdfk;

];t];jpfhrdk;

mh;jj
; itj];jpfk;

it\;ztk;

Vfghj ];jhdfk;

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

Rthkpfspd; ,Uf;if epiyfs;.

111

gj;khrdk;

mh;jj
; gj;khrdk;

Rfhrdk;

Nahfhrdk;

cj;Fbfhrdk;

tPuhrdk;

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

112

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

113

rpd;Kj;jpiu

mga`];jk;

tuj`];jk;

NahfKj;jpiu

flf`];jk;

jh;[dP`];jk;

rpk;kfh;zk;

fz;lh`];jk;

jhld`];jk;.

tpahf;u`\;jk;

lkU`];jk;
jz;l`];jk;

gpurhupjk;

G\;gGlk;

nf[`];jk;

mQ;ryp

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

114

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

rptahf Fk;gq;fs;..

115

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

116

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

117

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

118

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

119

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

120
hz]D\g3ld z]g], Kf3zO\; v61l#\x8 Kf3 x7L; blv8i -Kf3iy\; z]1c3, Df3u61l3h9z]D\y* vhz]D\ y1l11dz vz9y3K9; vk3i1lM- (y3l1d)

gtpj;jpuk;

,e;jpuDf;F t[;uhAjk;. rptDf;F #yhAjk;. tp\;Ztpw;F rf;uhAjk; vt;tsTKf;fpaNkh

mJNghy FUtpw;F gtpj;jpuk; Kf;fpakhdjhFk;. vdNt G+i[ fpupia nra;Ak; FU
gtpj;jpuk; mzpe;Jnfhz;Ljhd; vy;yhf;fh;khf;fisAk;nra;jy;Ntz;Lk;. (fhuzhfkk;)
Ie;J jh;igapy;nra;j gtpj;uk; NjfG\;biaf; nfhLf;Fk;. ehd;Fjh;g;igapyhd gtpj;uk;
rj;JUehrj;ij jUk;. %d;W jh;igg;gtpj;uk; rhe;jpiaj; jUk;. ,uz;Ljh;ig gtpj;uk;
Mya Njtfhupaq;fSf;Fk; xU jh;g;igg; gtpj;uk; gpNujfhh;aq;fSf;Fk; mzpjy;Ntz;Lk;.

u61l3h9z]D\; yGy3vf3 - (v6h\1J1F)

FUthdth; jq;fj;jpdhy; nra;j gtpj;jpuk; mzpjy; Ntz;Lk;.

Edpapy;
rh;tjPh;j;jq;fs;

2mq;Fyk;

k71LD6 h3z9zD[11iz -uG211iz vlvD[

q1uD6 vz9D[f93G] hz]Dv83g] 1FzD3 -((/3GlD3zL])

g - ghtehrk;. tp - Kk;kyehrk; j;jpu - fh;kRj;jp

4mq;Fyk;

1mq;Fy

hz]D\ qf]1FzD3

Kbr;rpy;
ru];tjp

ehsj;jpy;
ghh;tjp

,k;%d;Wk; jUtJ gtpj;uk;.

xh;fpupia nra;Ak;NghJ fztd;kl;Lk; gtpj;jpuk; mzpjNy tpjp. kidtpahdts; jh;igapdhy;
,lJNjhis njhLjy;Ntz;Lk;. fztd;,y;yhjtplj;J kidtp tyJifapy; Nkhjputpuypy;
mzpe;J nfhs;syhk;. ngz;fs; ,lJifapy; gtpj;jpuk; mzpe;jhy; nra;Ak;fhupak; gadw;Wg;
NghFk;. Vnddpy; gtpj;jpukhd njh;igia mRj;jKs;s ,lJiftpuypy; NghlyhFkh?
ngz;fs; fhg;GEhy; kl;Lk; kzpf;fl;Lf;FNky; ,lJifapy; mzpayhk;. jPh;j;jk; gUFk;NghJ
gtpj;jpuj;ij fow;wp tyJfhjpNy itj;Jtpl;L jPh;j;jk;Fbj;jy;Ntz;Lk; gpd; if
myk;gptpl;L gtpj;jpuj;ij kPz;Lk; mzpe;Jnfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.
tpdhafiu Fl;btzq;Fk;NghJk; Ie;JKiw Fl;Ljy;Ntz;Lk;. mJTk;
iffis Neuhfitj;J Fl;lNtz;Lk;. Njhg;Gf;fuzk;NghLk;NghJ kl;Lk;ifia
khwpgpbj;jy;Ntz;L;k;.
Fl;ldk; gQ;rthufk
thufk; Fl;Ljy; Ie;J Kiw vdfhkpfhfkk; $Wk;..

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

<rhdhjp gQ;r%h;j;jpfs;.
<rhd%h;j;jp

(nghd;epwk;)

121

jj;GU\%h;j;jp

(kQ;rs;)

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

122

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

<rhdhjp gQ;r%h;j;jpfs;.
rj;jpNah[hj %h;jj
; p

(ntz;ik)

123

tPugj;jpuh;

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

124

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

125

jPghuujidfs;.....
2

ehfjPgk;

tpU\jPgk;

GU\jPgk;

mLf;Fj;jg
P k;

t;ahf;u jPgk;

rpk;kjPgk;

#h;ajPgk;

re;jpujPgk;

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

126

nf[jPgk;
13

el;rj;jpujPgk;

10

11

m];tjPgk;

NkUjPgk;

12

tpUl;rjPgk;

14

$h;kjPgk;

15

Fk;gjPgk;
gQ;rjl;Lf;fs;

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

jPghuhjid.....

,d;ndhUtif jPg cgrhuk;- mjd; mjpNjtijfs;

1.

2.

3.

4.

127

5.

9.el;rj;jpujPgk-

6,

8,

12.

9.

1.Jhgk;- thA
2.xw;iwj;jPgk; - mf;dp
3.mLf;FjPgk;-rptd;
4.ehfjPgk;-NfJ
5.tpU\gjPgk;-jh;kNjtd;
.6.GU\jPgk;-tp\;Z
7.Fk;gjPgk;-Uj;jpud;
8.gQ;rjl;L-gQ;rg;gpuk;kk;

10.

11.

9.el;rj;jpujPgk-27el;rj;jpuq;fs;;
10.NkUjPgk;-gd;dpUMjpj;jpah;fs;
11.fw;G+uj;jl;L- rptrf;jp
12.gQ;r`huhj;jp- rjhrpth;
,j;NjhL-g];kghj;uk;.fz;zhb.Fil.
rhkiu.tprpwp.nfhb.Mytl;lk;.

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

\l;cgrhuk; ....MWcgrhuq;fs;.
1

128

fz;zhb

Fil

rhkiu

nfhb
tprpwp

Mytl;lk;

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

rpWf;rpWtk;....

(Xkf;fwz;b) (rpytiffs;)

129

tN]hh; j hiu

rpk;kKf rpWf;
];RWtk;

\l;N
; fhz rpWf;

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

130

rpWf;rpWt Ngjq;fs; rpy...

tpU\gKf rpWf;F

nf[ KfrpWf;F

kA+uKfrpWf;F

ahspKf rpWf;F

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

rpWf;rpWt Ngjq;fs;.....njhlh;rr; p

v4y0v\6z g83G*

131

ek3x]z zh6K6u k7X9j3b6; D]\1GD\;

ildK6uz]l]V]; x3xD;z]c6kg8;ykLlz]xx3;u; G3nzM v\6;k6Y31u\
vyLkG6kK3;u; v\6y\z3Y8; J1Kb*-y3k]y;-

.;

rf;jp

rptd;

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

Rthkp thfdq;fs;....

%\pfthfdk;

132

rpk;kthfdk;

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

];te thfdk;.

`k;r thfdk;

ahsp thfdk;

133

Rthkpia Vw;Wtjw;fhf epWj;jg;gLk;

thfdq;fs; %yhyaj;ij ghh;fF
; k;
tz;zk; epWj;jp itf;fNtz;Lk;.
fhuzk;.Rthkpia vjphghh;j;Jf;fhj;J
epw;fNtz;Lk;.
gpd; gFjpia fhl;bagb epWj;jp
itg;gJ jtwhFk;.

gy;yf;F

ee;jpthfdk;

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

th`dq;fs;...

134

nf[th`dk;

tpU\gth`dk;.

kA+uth`dk;

fhkNjDth`dk;

eh`th`ek;

m[th`dk;

ee;jpth`ek;

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

rg;jkhjhf;fs;.....

1.gpuhk;kp

135

2.khNf];tup

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

rg;jkhjhf;fs;.....

3.nfskhup

136

4.it\;ztp

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

rg;jkhjhf;fs;.........

5.thuh`p

137

6.rhKz;;b

7.,e;jpuhzp

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

G+h;tfhuzhfk tpjpg;gb etf;fpuf epiy.

138

h71z91v3kvl7hV Fm]1d j6g,h7OG;- u6l6;11zhx]1kh7O8 eD1lx6y\vki91KM-

qu2q;u3ly; h7O8-G]rrD2 i x11Gxl;-l3b6;iz3K61F1xD6 1yD6; Wx3G1u3i1l-thA

tlf;F

<rhdk;

fpof;F

Nkw;F

epWjp

njw;F

mf;dp

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

cj;jufhkpfhfk
tpjpg;gb etf;fpuf epiy.

fpuzhfkk; tpjpg;gb
etf;fpuf epiy

139

tlf;F

tlf;F

fpof;F

fpof;F

njw;F

njw;F

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

etf;fpuf uhrp el;rj;jp; u kz;lyk;

tlf;F
jpUNth
mtpl;lk;
zk

rjak

cj;ju
l;lhjp; ;

G+ul;lhjp

Nutjp

cj;jh
uhlk;
kPdk;

Nk\k;

up\gk;

9 etf;fpufk; 12 ,uhrpfs;
27 el;rj;jpuq;fs; vd;gd
mikj;J g+i[ N`hkk;
guzp
m];tp
vd;gd nra;tjw;F
dp
cfe;jtifapy;
fhh;j;jpif
jug;gl;Ls;sJ.
fpufq;fSf;Fupa ,uj;jpdq;fs;.

kpJdk;

Nuhfppzp

flfk

kpUfrPup
\k;

G+uhlk;
;

; ;

Fk;gk;.

140

#upaDf;F-khzpf;fk;. re;jpuDf;F- Kj;J

nrt;tha;f;F-gtsk; GjDfF -kufjk;
FUTfF -G\;guhfk;. Rf;fpuDf;F -ituk;
rdpf;F -ePyk;. uhFtw;F-NfhNkjfk;
NfJTf;F-itLh;ak;

fpof;F
fpufgpuPjpfSf;F..

%yk;

Nfl;il

rpq;fk;

kfuk

jD];

tpUr;rpfk

Jyhk

fd;dp

mD\k;
tprhfk Rthjp rpj;jpiu m];jk;

cj;ju

njw;F

G+uk;

kfk;

jpUth
#upaDf;F-rptdAk;. re;jpuDf;F-mk;gpif
jpiu
nrt;tha;f;F-KUfidAk;. gj;ufhspiaAk;
GjDf;F-tp\;DitAk;.
Gdh;
FUtpw;f;F-njl;rzh%h;j;jpiaAk;
G+rk;
Rf;fpuDf;F-yl;Rk pJh;ifiaAk;.
rdpf;F-tp\;D rh];jhitAk;
uhFf;F-Jh;ifiaAk;.
G+rk;
NfJtpw;F-fzgjp.Jh;ifiaAk;
G+[pf;f ed;ikjUk;
Mapy;
ak;

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

njupe;J nfhs;sNtz;barpy tplaq;fs;........

141
topghLKbe;jJk; rz;Nl];tuuplk; nrd;W jpahdj;jpy; ,Uf;Fk; mtiu3 Kiw ifjl;b topgl;lgyidjUk;gb
. Ntz;bf;nfhs;Sjy; Ntz;Lk;. rz;Nl];tuh; xUth;jhNd xt;nthURthkpf;Fk; xt;nthUrz;Nl];tuh;
cz;lh?
vd gyh; Nfl;fpwhh;fs;. mjw;F tpsf;fk;....,e;jpug;gjtp Nghy rz;Nl];tug;gjtpAk; xd;W.;
me;jje;j nja;tj;jpd;kPJ mgupjkhd gf;jp nfhz;lth;fSf;F ,iwtdhy; toq;fg;gLk; gjtpNa
rz;Nl];tugjtpahFk;.
rptDf;Fupa rz;Nl];tuh;- j;Jtdp rz;Nlrh;. mk;ghSf;Fupa rz;Nl];tup- jhupfhrz;Nl];tup
fzgjpf;Fupa rz;Nl];tuh;-Fk;Nghjurz;Nlrh;. KUfDf;Fuparz;Nlrh;- Rkpj;jpu rz;Nlrh;.
igutUf;F-tp[atLfrz;lh;.khupf;F-Ree;jh
fhspf;F-fhyjhup. tp\;ZTfF- tp\;tf;Nrdh;.
#upaDf;F- Nj[]; rz;lh;. Iag;gDf;F- rh];Nj[h;
fpupiffSf;Fupa mf;ep....... jPli
; r.rhe;jp.vd;gdtw;wpw;F- ghyhf;dp.
GNuhf;\zk;.cw;rtj;jpy;- astdhf;dp
gpujp\;ilfspy;- tpWj;jrpthf;dp. vd%d;WNgjq;fs; fhuzhfkk; $WfpwJ.
F[m3x3B]v6 j3L3u], -1h\3m1d3Dz K2zG*- h\D]`c3G]D8 z4X3u];- qu]1JF; D]\g3J1zM-G+[pf;Fk; mf;dp...... tpthfq;fk; KjypaRgfhh;aq;fspy;- fhh;fgj;a
; hf;dp.
gpjph;fhh;aq;fspy;- jf;\pzhf;dp
Njtfhh;aq;fspy;- MftdPahf;dp.nfhz;Lk; G+[pf;f.
ghy];jhgdj;jpy; ghyhyak; mikf;fNtz;ba,lk;.- fw;gf;fpufj;j
; pw;F <rhdk;..tlf;F.fpof;F Nkw;F mf;dp
Mfpa ,e;jjpf;Ffspy; tpUk;gpa xh;,lj;jpy; mikf;fyhk;.vd fhkpfhfkk; $WfpwJ.
k7Lv3Gv8 Wx3G83; eD1l h7z9 K3k81K3, -Q1uK3; k]%1F1xz3 y6K93Mj3Lu\b; y6l6-G+i[Neuq;fspy; FUkhh; iffshy; Kj;jpiu fhl;Ltjpd; tpjp...Njth;fSf;F re;Njh\j;ij nfhLg;gjdhYk;
mRuh;fis tpul;Ljw;fhfTk; Kj;jpiu Kj;jpifs; fhllg;gLfpwJ.
k6F;y1l3D] 1Fz3G3; F\3KD8 v6l3;vf3- 1k3FG3F\3zd311iz k61F\K; hl]y[D]9*-- y3l1d-

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

G];jfk;. kzp. jPgk;. rq;F. G+ .epiwFlk;. ,itfis epyj;jpy; itf;ff;$lhJ.

142
ePwW
; G+rzpf;fhia ngz;fs; ntl;lf;$lhJ.jiytpupj;jgb kq;fstpohf;fspYk; NfhtpYf;Fk; nry;yf;$lhJ.
,t;tplq;fspy; fWj;jMilfis mzpaf;$lhJ. jq;fj;jpyhd eiffis fhypy; mzpaf;$lhJ.
cgeadk;nra;j me;jzh;fspy; jpUkzk;nra;j FUkhh;fNs Myaq;fspy; FUthf,Uf;Fk; jFjpAilath;fs;.
QhdkhfpaFLkp ,y;yhj jpUkzk; nra;ahj FUkhh;fs; ahfk;. jpUkzk; .Fk;gmgpN\fq;fs; nra;jy; MfhJ
.,J MfktpNuhjnray;. NkYk;. fhaj;jpupn[gk; nra;Ak; me;jzh;fs; G+Dhy; epyj;jpy; gLk;gbahf ntWepyj;
j
; py; tPoe
; J tzq;Fjy; fhtbvLj;jy; nrby;Fw;Wjy; gpujl;ilgz;Zjy; vd;gd nra;jy; $lhJ.
gpuNjh\hyj;jpy;..Kjypy; eNlrUf;F G+i[ nra;Jtpl;L gpd;dh; %yhya rptDf;Fk; ee;jpfFk; mgpN\fk; G+i[
nra;jy;Ntz;Lk;. Njq;fha; cilf;Fk;NghJ FLkpAs;sNjq;fha; cilg;gNj MfktpjpAilajhFk;.
tpG+jpia tajhdme;jzFUkhh;fs;G+rptplyhk;.Mdhy; vf;fhuzk; nfhz;Lk;; GU\idj;jtpu NtWahUk; ngz;
fSf;F Fq;Fkk; itf;ff;$lhJ. Fq;Fkk;itf;Fk; jFjp fztd; XUtDf;Nf cupik.
jpUkzkhfpa rpthr;rhh;ah;fs; ,iwtDf;F Mthfdk; nra;Ak;fhyj;jpy; FU&gkhfTk;. mgpN\fk; nra;Ak;
fhyj;jpy; jha;&gkhfTk; Mfpwhh;.vd Mfkq;fs; nrhyYfpd;wd.
gpujl;rz ek];fhuk;.......
tpehafiu-XUKiw gpujl;rzk; nra;jy; Ntz;Lk;. #upaid- ,uz;LKiw gpujl;rzk; nra;jy; Ntz;Lk;
rptid - %d;WKiw gpujl;rzk; nra;jy;Ntz;Lk;. mk;ghisAk;.tp\;ZitAk;- ehd;FKiw gpujl;rzk;.
murkuj;ij-VOKiw gpujl;rzk; nra;jy; Ntz;Lk;.
Fl;btzq;Fjy;- Ie;JKiw jiyapy; Fl;btzq;Fjy; Ntz;Lk;.mJTk; iffis khw;whky; glj;jpy;
fhzg;gLtJNghy; Neuhf Fl;Ljy; Ntz;Lk;..%d;WKiw Fl;Ljy; tpehafUf;FNruhJ. mRuh;fF
; Ngha; NrUk;.
1;.Rf;yhk;gujuk;>2.tp\;Zk; 3.rrpth;zk;> 4. rJh;G[k; 5.gpurd;dtjdk; vdIe;J thf;fpaq;fs; nrhy;yp>j;ahNaj;
jpahdpf;fpd;Nwd;.rh;ttpf;Ndhg rhe;jNa. vy;yhtpj ,ilA+WfSk; ePff
; jy;nghUl;L. vd;gNj.
.cyfj;jpy; Kjy; kdpjh; Mjhk;.Vths;. ,J Mq;fpy kjq;fs;; nrhy;YtJ. Mdhy; cyfj;jpd;
Rak;G- kD vd;W $wg;gl;Ls;sJ.
Kjw; rkakhftpsq;Fk; vkJ rkaj;jpy; Kjy;kdpjh;...Rak;

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

Rthkpf;FJhgk;fhl;Ljy;- ehrpf;FNkNy Nghff;$lhJ.

jPgk;-fz;fSf;FNkNy Nghff$lhJ. ieNtj;jpak;- 143
iffsNy rkh;gpf;fNtz;Lk;.
g7h;G3v3h6a~1K- F[h; 1G1D\c6 z]G8v8- qG3F] z]G81vMy1l-- y3k]1yFz;lq;fs;...tpehafUf;F-xd;gJ Fzlkhspd;..jpf;Ffspy; rJuFz;lKk; tpjpf;Ffspy; gj;kFz;lKk;. gpujhdk;tpWj;jFz;lKk; Nghlg;glNtz;Lk;.
rptDf;F..etFz;lj;jpy;...jpf;Ffspy; KiwNa..rJuk;.mh;j;jre;jpuk;.jpupNfhzk;.\l;Nfhzk;.tpjpf;Ffspy;...KiwNa
tpUj;jk;.gj;kk;.vz;Nfhzk;.Nahdp..Fz;lq;fSk;> gpujhdk; tpWj;jk;. vdmikAk;.
KUfDf;F..jpf;Ffspy; mWNfhzKk;. tpjpf;Ffspy;.gj;kKk;. gpujhdk; tpWj;jKk; mikAk;.
igutUf;F..m\;ljpf;FfsYk; vz;Nfhzk; .gpujhdk;..tpWj;jk; vdmikAk;.
rz;Nl];tuUf;F..jpfFfspy; gj;kKk;. tpjpf;Ffspy; rJuKk; gpujhdk; tpWj;jKk; mikAk;.
fhspfF jpf;Ffspy; Nahdp tpjpf;Ffspy; gj;kk; gpujhdk; tpWj;jk;.vdTk;mikAk;.
kw;iwanja;tq;fSf;F..jpf;Ffspy; rJuKk;.tpjpf;Ffspy; tpUj;jKk; mikAk; vy;yhnja;tq;fSf;Fk;
tpUj;jNk
gpujhdFz;lk;.
G+h;zhFjp vy;yhFz;lj;jpYk; rkfhyj;jpy; nra;aNtz;Lk;. vy;yhFz;lq;fSf;Fk;
ehbre;jhdk;NghlNtz;Lk;.ehb,y;yhky; nra;ag;gLk; N`hkq;fshy; xUgyDk; fpilf;fhJ..
.(ehbtpeh N`hkk;eh];jp)
etFz;lq;fspy; %h;jpgh;fs;(FUkhh;) ,y;yhjgl;rj;jpy; gpujhdFUNt vy;yhf;Fz;lq;fspYk; Kiwg;gb
N`hkk;nra;ayhk;.. gpujp\;ilfspy; .rg;jFz;lk; .jrFz;lk;. 15Fz;lk;.16Fz;lk;.Nghlf;$lhJ.
ahfg+i[...xd;gJehs; ahfG+i[ cj;jkk;.,jpy;16 fhyg+i[ eilngWk;.
VOehs;ahfj;jpy;..12 fhyg+i[.
Ie;Jehs;ahfj;jpy;.- 8 fhyG+i[. %d;Wehs;ahfj;jpy;- 6 fhyG+i[ nra;ag;gLk;.
kr;rk; khkprk; cz;gth;fSk;..jPl;irngwhjth;fSk;..Uj;jpuhl;rk;mzpjy;$lhJ.Myaq;fspy;,th;fs;gQ;rGuhzk;
XJjy; MfhJ. rkajPli
; r ngw;why;jhd; irtd; Mthd;.mtDf;Nf irtrka fpupiffs;
nra;amjpfhuk;cz;L.
rq;F... rq;fjPhj
; j
; k; gUFtjhy; rfyghtq;fSk; ePqf
; g;ngWk;. %dW cyfpy;cs;s vy;yhjPhj
; j
; q;fSk;
tp\;DtpDila fl;lisahy; rq;fpNy thrk; nra;fpd;wd. eLtpy; tUzDk;. Edpapy;-fq;if.ru];tjp
Kjyhd Gz;aejpfSk;. gpd;gf;fk; gpuahgjpAk; ,Uf;fpwhh;fs;.,jdhy;jhd; rq;fpwF kfpik rpwg;G cz;lhfpaJ.

<oey;Yhh;.rpthfktprhuj-Kj;jopo;FUkzp- fiykhkzp Dr..v];.v].FU[P - Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;-ghfk;-3;

rpthtp\;Z Myak;mikf;Fk; Kiw...

144

rpthfkq;fspy; tp\;Zit gupthukhf mikf;ftpjpAz;L.

Mdhy; it\;ztMfkq;fspy; rptid
gpujp\;ilnra;a tpjp
,y;iy.
vdNt..rptidAk;
tp\;DitAk; gpujp\;
il nra;a tpjp ,y;
iy. vdNt ,t;tpj
khd FiwghLfs;
ePff
; . eLNt mk;gh
is gpujp\;ilnra;t
jhy; Fiw ePqF
; k;.
gy Ma;Tfspd; gpd;
,e;jg;glj;jpy; cs;s
JNghy; mikf;fyhk;
vd tiue;Js;Nsd;.

c
rptkak;

Mfkr;rpj;jpuq;fs;.ghfk;-3 Ehyhrpupah; gw;wp....

,th;....,yq;ifapy; KjyhtJ ,e;Jkj FUgPlhjpgjpahf njupTnra;ag;gl;l FUkfhd;
NtjrpthfkGuhz jj;JtQhdp tpj;ahrhfuk; itj;jpa fyhepjp
rptgpuk;k=-];fe;j-rhk;grpt rpthr;rhh;ahh;.M.I.H & M.D.H & D.A.M.mth;fspd; Gjy;th;
Mthh;. ,th; ey;Yhh; fzgjP]t
; uFUFyj;jpy; 7Mz;Lfs; fw;W rk];fpUj ghygz;bjh;
rpj;jpaile;Js;shh;. ey;iy Qhdrk;ge;jh; MjPdj;jpy; irtrpj;jhe;j gapw;rpnewp tFg;gpy;
fye;Jnfhz;L rpj;jhe;j tpj;jfh;gl;lk; ngw;Ws;shh;.fiyapd;ghy; ehl;lk;nfhz;L 15Mapuk;
tpy;ypir epfo;rr
; pfis elhj;jp 15f;Fk;Nkw;gl;l gl;lq;fSk; 25 jq;fgjffq;fSk; ngw;Ws;s nts;sptpoh
fiyQh;. NkYk;.. ,ir eldk; ehlfk; ftpij rpj;jpuk; rpw;gk; N[hjplk; fjhgpurq;fk; rkar;nrhw;nghopT
Ntjk;. rpthfkMuhr;rp GuhzNjh;rr
; p gz;zpir FUj;Jtk; vd gyJiwfspy; ty;y
; fiykhkzp.
,tupd; jpwikfisnkr;rp nfhOk;gpy; 2004y; nfsut lhf;lh; gl;lk; toq;fp nfsutpf;fg;gl;lJ.
,th;rk];fpUj Ehy;fshf ffhufzgjprf];uehkk; gj;jpufhspkz;lgG+[h Mfkr;rpj;jpuq;fs;.ghfk;-1
ghfk;-2 (it~;ztepjp). vd Vw;fdNt ehd;F Ehy;fis ntspapl;L ,yq;if ,e;jpaFUkhh;fspy;
ghuhl;il
ngw;wth;. jw;nghOJ Mfkrpj;jpuq;fs;.%d;whk; ghfk; vd;Dk;,e;Ehy; gyMfkq;fis Muha;eJ
;
ntspaPL
nra;fpwhh;.NkYk;..Mfkr;rpj;jpuq;fs;.ghfk;-4 rf;jptopghl;L tpjpfSld; Ehw;Wf;FNkw;gl;l rf;jpapd;jpUTUt
rpj;jpuq;fs;.jpahdq;fs; vd;gdtw;iw jhq;fp ntspapl,Uf;fpwhh;.NkYk;...jkpopNy...MyatopghLfs;.kNfhw;
];rttpsf;fq;fs;.Fk;ghgpN~f tpsf;fq;fs; vd;gdTk;..fy;ahz fpupiffspd; Kiwfs; mjw;Fupa tpsf;fq;
fs;.vd;gdtw;iwAk; Ehyhf ntspapl Kad;WtUfpwhh;.,tUila ,g;gzpfSf;F md;gh;fs; cjTthh;fsh
apd; rPff
; puk; ,e;Ehy;fs; ntsptu tha;gG
; z;lhFk;. ed;wp..gpuk;k=.r.Rjd;rh;kh.(nkhd;wpay;.Jh;ifmk;kd;Nfhtpy;)
vdJ mUikr;rNfhjuh; fiykhkzp lhf;lh; Nrhkh];fe;j FU[P mth;fspd; ,g;gzp
ntw;wpngw vdJ,jaq;fdpe;j tho;jJ
; f;fisAk; ey;yhrpfisAk; njuptpj;Jnfhs;fNwd;.
tsh;f ,th;MASk; mwpTk; Ma;Tk;.
kfpo;Tld;...mz;zd;...
rpthfkfpupahN[hjp
itj;jpafyhepjp rpt=;.; rhk;grpt-rz;Kfehjf;FUf;fs;.D.A.M
=nfsupN[hjpl epiyak;. yz;ld;.