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Construction of VSP Gun-Pit

1) The gun pit for a vertical seismic profiling (VSP) survey should be located more than 30 meters from the wellhead to reduce tube waves interfering with data collection. 2) The gun pit should be constructed in the direction of the catwalk due to cable length limitations connecting the gun pit to the wellhead. 3) The gun pit depth should be 3 meters or more to reduce downgoing wave multiples in the data set and improve energy penetration. Tube waves travel along the mud column of the well to receivers, interfering with direct formation signals if the gun pit is too close to the wellhead.

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559 views7 pages

Construction of VSP Gun-Pit

1) The gun pit for a vertical seismic profiling (VSP) survey should be located more than 30 meters from the wellhead to reduce tube waves interfering with data collection. 2) The gun pit should be constructed in the direction of the catwalk due to cable length limitations connecting the gun pit to the wellhead. 3) The gun pit depth should be 3 meters or more to reduce downgoing wave multiples in the data set and improve energy penetration. Tube waves travel along the mud column of the well to receivers, interfering with direct formation signals if the gun pit is too close to the wellhead.

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zapspaz
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CONSTRUCTION OF A VSP GUN PIT (LAND)

A.

General
To adopt the best practice in building a VSP gun pit, the following
criteria should be observed:-

1.

Long Gun-pit Offset from Well-head, more than 30m to reduce


TUBE WAVES affecting the data-set.

2.

Construct the gun-pit in the direction of the cat-walk, due to


interconnect-cable limitations.
[Schematic A provides an ideal gun-pit position]

3.

The depth of the gun-pit should be 3m or more to reduce DownWave Multiples in the data-set, as well as for better energy
penetration.
[See Examples 1 and 2]

B.

What are TUBE WAVES?

Energy from the gun reaches the Down-hole receivers either directly
through the formation or along the mud-column (especially drilling with
heavy-drilling fluid) arriving with some delay. The gradient of the TubeWave is steeper than the gradient of the Direct First - arrivals, intercepting
at a point higher-up in the well. (Fig.1)

As use of heavy mud is the main contributor of Tube-Waves (if together


with set-casing that are poorly cemented a situation known as free pipe
condition exist where the Tube-Wave can be intensified), there is no way
around avoiding the use of heavy mud when drilling in over-pressure
formation without the risk of a blow-out.

However, certain practices can be adopted to reduce Tube-Wave travelling


along the ground to the mud column.
[These are shown in Schematic B.]

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