PRESENTATION
ON
GAS TURBINE CONTROL & PROTECTION
Presented
by
Kirit Padalia
Pranav Dave
CPP - INSTRUMENT
April 2, 2016
TOPICS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT AND REFERENCE
OVERVIEW
PROTECTIONS
CONTROL SCHEMES
MARK V CONTROL SYSTEM
OVERVIEW
STARTUP SEQUENCE
April 2, 2016
REFERENCES
DEP 31-29-70-11-Gen Combustion Gas
Turbines
DEP 31.29-70.31-Gen Combustible Gas
Turbines[amendments] supplement to API619
DEP 31.29 .70.32 Gas Turbine Combustion
Air Intake &
Exhaust system
BHEL GAS TURBINE MANUALS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Sh. DHIREN RINDANI
Sh.
April
2,KRISHNA
2016
SRINI
CONTROL AND INST. FUNCTIONS
SR
No.
FUNCTIONS
LOCAL
DISPLAY
REMOTE
NORMAL
ALARM
TRIP
DISPLAY
S/D
1 FLOW
FUEL
STEAM INJECTION
I,R
I
2 LEVEL
LUBE OIL TANK
L,H
HITECH TANK
L,LL
3 PRESSURE
AIR FILTER DP
AIR COMPRESSOR DISCHARGE
EXHAUST PLENUM
GAS FUEL
I,R
LIQUID FUEL
I,R
LIQUID FUEL TO NOZZLE
ATOMISING AIR
I,R
LUBE OIL
I,R
HYDRAULIC OIL
I,R
TRIP OIL
I,R
SEALING AND VENTING
I,R
COOLING WATER
I,R
LUBE OIL FILTER DP
INJECTION
AprilSTEAM
2, 2016
HH
HH
I,R
HH
LL
LL
H
I,R
HH
CONTROL AND INST. FUNCTIONS
SR
No.
4
LOCAL
DISPLAY
REMOTE
DISPLAY
ALARM
LUBE OIL TANK
I,R
L,H
COOLING WATER
I,R
FUNCTIONS
ATOMISING AIR
H,HH
I
I,R
COMPRESSOR DSCH. AIR
I,R
TURBINE WHEEL SPACE
I,R
TURBINE EXHAUST
I,R
BEARING
I,R
SPEED
FLOW DIVIDER
I,R
TURBINE
I,R
VIBRATION
PROXIMITY PROBES
I,R
SEISMIC SENSOR
I,R
AXIAL DISPLACEMENT
I,R
HH
HH
HH
FLAME
I,R
FIRE & GAS
FIRE DETECTION
GAS DETECTION
MAMNUAL TRIP
HH
COMPRESSOR INLET AIR
TURBINE
8
TRIP
TEMPERATURE
ACOUSTIC ENCLOSURE
NORMAL
S/D
H
X
MISCELLANEOUS
DEVICE
AprilSTARTING
2, 2016
HOW GT WORKS
EXHAUST
C O M B. CH M BR
CO M PRESSO R
TURBINE
3
P2
EXPANSION
4
COMB.
INLET AIR
TEMP.
P1
BRAYTONE CYCLE
2
COMP.
EXHAUST
April 2, 2016
ENTROPY
GAS TURBINE ADVANTAGES
COMPACT
FAST STARTUP & RAPID LOADING
MODERATE FIRST COST
LESS GESTATION PERIOD (TAILOR MADE)
EASY MAINTENANCE
HIGH RELIABILITY
BEST FOR STAND ALONE APPLICATION
LESS ERECTION TIME
April 2, 2016
GAS TURBINE ADVANTAGES
HIGHER THERMAL EFFICIENCY WITH
COMBINED CYCLE OPERATION.
NO COOLING WATER REQUIRED.
FUEL FLEXIBILITY
FEWER AUXILIARIES.
WEIGHT/ POWER RATIO IS LESS
April 2, 2016
GAS TURBINE MAJOR MANUFACTURER
GENERAL ELECTRIC
ABB (ASIA BROWN BOWERI)
SIEMENS
WESTINGHOUSE
ROLLS ROYCE
RUSTONE
April 2, 2016
GAS TURBINE APPLICATIONS
POWER GENERATION
TO DRIVE COMPRESSOR
AVIATION
SHIPPING
RACING MOTOR VEHICLES
April 2, 2016
GAS TURBINE CLASSIFICATION
BASED ON COMBUSTOR
CYLO TYPE COMBUSTION CHAMBER
- ABB, SIEMENS
MULTI CANE COMBUSTOR
- GE, WESTINGHOUSE, RUSTONE
BASED ON No. OF SHAFTS
SINGLE SHAFT (GE, ABB, SIEMENS)
TWIN SHAFT (GE, RUSTONE, WESTINGHOUSE)
April 2, 2016
CYLO TYPE COMBUSTOR
FUEL
TO TURBINE
April
2, 2016
AIR
MULTICANE TYPE COMBUSTOR
COMBUSTOR &
FUEL NOZZLE
TURBINE
April 2, 2016
GAS TURBINE MAIN FEATURES
BUCKET/BLADE AND NOZZLES ARE AIR COOLED .
TURBINE LEGS ARE WATER COOLED.
ENOUGH ROTOR/STATOR CLEARANCE .
BLACK START
IMPULSE TURBINE (STG REACTION TYPE)
GAS TURBINE RANGES (0.1 MW TO 225 MW)
April 2, 2016
GAS TURBINE AUXILIARIES
LUBE OIL SYSTEM
TRIP OIL SYSTEM
ATOMISING AIR SYSTEM
PURGE AIR SYSTEM
STARTING DEVICE
COMPRESSOR PULSATION
INLET AIR SYSTEM
FUEL SYSTEM
April 2, 2016
GAS TURBINE AUXILIARIES
STEAM INJECTION SYSTEM
IGNITION SYSTEM
RATCHETING MECHANISAM
FIRE PROTECTION
COOLING WATER
April 2, 2016
GAS TURBINE PROTECTION
LOSS OF FLAME
VIBRATION
EXHAUST TEMPERATURE
OVER SPEED
EXHAUST PRESSURE
LUBE OIL PRESSURE/ TEMP.
BEARING TEMP
CONTROL/TRIP PRESSURE
FIRE PROTECTION
April 2, 2016
GAS TURBINE PROTECTION
LOW FUEL PRESSURE
INLET AIR FILTER DP
TURBINE COOLING PRESSURE
COMPRESSOR SURGE
STARTING DEVICE TRIP
INLET GUIDE VANE TROUBLE
TRIP FROM DRIVEN EQUIPMENT
EXCESSIVE FUEL
April 2, 2016
EXHAUST TEMPERATURE
ISO TRIP
40 deg F
633 Deg c
618 Deg c
593 Deg c
25 deg F
TRIP
TTREF
ALARM
CONTROL
April 2, 2016
CPD
6.98 BAR
COMBUSTION MONITOR
TOTAL 18 T/C
ACTUAL SPREADS
TTXSP1 = HIGH - LOW
TTXSP2 = HIGH - 2nd LOW
TTXSP3 = HIGH - 3rd LOW
ALLOWABLE SPREAD
TTXSPL = BASED ON CTD & TTXM
April 2, 2016
COMBUSTION MONITOR
ALARM
TTXSP1 => TTXSPL
TRIP
- TTXSP1 > TTXSPL and TTXSP2 > 0.8 * TTXSPL and
LOW T/c IS NEXT TO THE SECOND TO LOW T/c..
- TTXSP2 > 0.8 * TTXSPL and ONE T/c IS FAILED ( TTXSP1
> 5 * TTXSPL) and 2nd LOWEST T/c NEXT TO 3rd
LOWEST T/c.
- TTXSP3 > 0.8 * TTXSPL.
April 2, 2016
OVER SPEED
PRIMARY
110 %
EMERGENCY
112.3 %
MECHANICAL 113 %
TEST
April 2, 2016
113.3 %
GAS TURBINE CONTROL
STARTUP
ACCELERATION
SPEED
EX. TEMP.
SYNC.
MANUAL
April 2, 2016
FSR
MIN. GATE
FINAL FSR
STARTUP FSR (FSRSU)
FIRE
15.6%
WARMUP
11.6%
ACCELERATE19.8%
SPEED
17.6%
>>> OPEN LOOP CONTROL
April 2, 2016
ACCELERATION FSR ( FSRACC)
TNHA
TNRA
April 2, 2016
FSR ACC
ACCELERATION FSR (FSRACC)
0.31
0.31
0.31 % / SEC
TNRA
0.11
0.11
0.10 % / SEC
0.10
0%
40%
50%
TNH
April 2, 2016
75%
95%
100%
SPEED FSR ( FSRN)
ISOCHRONOUS (FSRNI)
TNH
TNR
April 2, 2016
FSRNI / FSRN
SPEED FSR ( FSRN)
DROOP
104 %
100 %
TNH
FSNL
April 2, 2016
LOAD
RATED
TEMPERATURE CONTROL FSR (FSRT)
TTXM
TTREF
April 2, 2016
FSRT
TEMPERATURE CPD BIAS
6.98 Bar
593 Deg C
TTREF
April 2, 2016
16.11 Deg C / Bar
CPD
INLET TEMPERATURE CALCULATION
2.44 *
TET
{0.53(26.7%+
(33.3*CPD))}
{62.8%+(Pexh*4.7%)+
{Pamb*23.5%}}
April 2, 2016
90.35%
TEMPERATURE FSR BIAS
593 Deg C
54.12 %
TTREF
21.5 C / %
FSR
April 2, 2016
OTHER CONTROL LOOPS
SPEED RATIO VALVE
P2
P1
P3
SRV
GCV
FULE GAS SUPPLY TO TURBINE
265.2 psig
P2 = (2.8 psig /% * TNH) - 14.8 psig
P2
13.2 psig
April 2, 2016
10%
TNH
100%
OTHER CONTROL LOOPS
INLET GUIDE VANES
- PREVENT AXIAL COMP. STALLS
- MAXIMIZE HEAT RECOVERY
- STABILIZE FLAME AT LOW LOADS
593 Deg C
6.98 Bar
TTXM
16.11 Deg C / Bar
April 2, 2016
CPD
MARK-V OVERVIEW
DEDICATED TURBINE CONTROLLER
IT IS A TMR PLC (PC BASED UI AND BOI)
AND CAN BE USED AS SIMPLEX.
MINIMUM SCAN TIME 62.5 MS
CONTROL AND PROTECTION MODULES
ARE SEPERATE.
April 2, 2016
MARK V (TMR) PANEL LAYOUT
<S>
<R>
<C>
<T>
<P>
<PD>
<D>
<QD1>
<CD>
April 2, 2016
MARK IV TMR
HIGH
TEMP.
<R>
<S>
<T>
April 2, 2016
STOP
GO
GO
2/3
VOTE
GO
MARK IV TMR
HIGH
TEMP.
LOW
TEMP.
<R>
STOP
<S>
STOP
<T>
GO
April 2, 2016
2/3
VOTE
STOP
MARK V SIFT TMR
HIGH
TEMP.
<R>
GO
GO !
SIFT
LOW
TEMP.
<S>
<T>
April 2, 2016
GO
GO
2/3
VOTE
GAS TURBINE START SEQUENCE
LUBE / CONTROL OIL SYSTEM ON
STARTING CLUTCH ENGAGE
L4 (MASTER PROTECTIVE) RELAY ENERGISED
READY TO START
START COMMAND
STARTING DEVICE ON
SPEED INCREASE TO CRANKING SPEED
AFTER PURGE TIMER SPEED REDUCE TO FIRING
SPEED
April 2, 2016
IGNITION SYSTEM ON AND FIRING FSR SET
FLAME ESTABLISHED.
WARMUP FSR SET & WARMUP TIMER INITIATED.
ACCELERATION FSR SET.
SELF SUSTAINING SPEED , STARTING DEVICE GETS
DISENGAGED.
IGV STARTS OPENING AT 85 % SPEED
COMP. BLEED VALVES (20CB) CLOSE AT 95% SPEED
M/c REACHES TO FSNL
IGV OPENS TO 57 DGA AT FSNL
M/c READY FOR SYNC.
April 2, 2016
START
GAS TURBINE SET UP AT RPL - JAMNAGAR
TOTAL EIGHT MACHINES
BHEL AND NUOVO PIGNONE SUPPLIED (GE LICENSE)
GE FRAME VI MACHINES
BRIEF SPECS OF GAS TURBINE
> MODEL
: MS6000-PG6541, PG6551 & PG6561
> DOR
: CCW
> SPEED
: 5100 RPM
> CONTROL : MK-V SPEEDTRONIC
> LOAD
: 34 MW AT 30 DEGC,22M ABOVE MSL
> COMPRESSOR STAGES : 17
> TURBINE STAGES : 3
April 2, 2016
ROLL OF DCS WITH GT CONTROL
DCS COMMUNICATE TO MARK-V THROUGH
<I> STATION BY MODBUS PROTOCOL.
DCS ONLY READS ( NOT WRITING ).
DCS USED AS DATA ACQUISITION SYSTEM AND LINK .
BETWEEN GT <I> STATION AND IP 21.
CALCULATION OF HEAT RATE IS DONE IN DCS.
EFFICIENCY CALCULATION CAN BE IMPLEMENTED.
April 2, 2016
GT TRIP REASON
FALSE FIRE TRIP
EXHAUST THERMOCOUPLES IN NP M/c
HIGH TEMP IN TURBINE COMPT.
IGV LVDT INSTALLATION
FUEL PRESSURE CONTROL VALVE OPENING
DURING CHANGEOVER
MOOG VALVE FILTER
COMPRESSOR BLEED VALVE TROUBLE
April 2, 2016
April 2, 2016
GAS TURBINE AIR INTAKE SYSTEM
TO PROVIDE ULTRA CLEAN AIR FOR COMPRESSOR.
PAPER FILTERS SIZE OF 3 Microns ARE USED.
SELF CLEANING SYSTEM FOR FILTERS.
FILTER HEALTHYNESS MONITORED BY INLET PLENUM
PRESSURE.
TOTAL 448 FILTERS USED FOR GEN / COMPRESSOR
AIR FILTERATION.
MACHINE WILL UNLOAD/TRIP WHEN HIGH DP
ACROSS FILTER.
April 2, 2016
