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Handbook - IP-20N Basic Training Course T7.9

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Henry Javier Brito

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100% found this document useful (3 votes)

2K views264 pages

Handbook - IP-20N Basic Training Course T7.9

manual

Uploaded by

Henry Javier Brito

We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.

Available Formats

Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

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COURSE HANDBOOK

Installation | Commissioning | System Configuration

FibeAir IP-20N Basic Training Course

Updated for SW Version T7.9

Visit our Customer Training Portal at cts.ceragon.com or contact us at [email protected]

Trainee Name:

_________________

Copyright 2014 Ceragon Networks Ltd.

www.ceragon.com & cts.ceragon.com

Thispagewasintentionallyleftblank.

FibeAirIP20NCeragonTrainingCourse
TableofContent
IntrotoRadioSystems

005

IP20NOverview..

029

RadioFrequencyUnitsRFUs.

059

FirstLogin...

077

ShelfManagement

085

ACM&MSE....

089

RadioLinkParameters..

101

AutomaticTransmitPowerControlATPC..

107

IP20NXPICConfiguration..

113

ServiceModelinIP20N..

121

ProtectionSystemConfiguration..

145

MultiCarrierABC

159

Licensing..

177

NativeTDM

187

ConfigurationManagement&SoftwareDownload

205

Troubleshooting..

219

HeaderDeDuplication

237

TCCRedundancy.

247

CascadingPortConfiguration..

257

CourseEvaluationForm.

263

CERAGONTRAININGPROGRAMIP20NBasicTrainingCourse

Sw7.9

Thispagewasintentionallyleftblank.

Introduction to Radio Systems

October 2014
Version 3

Agenda
Radio Relay Principles
Parameters affecting propagations:
Dispersion
Humidity/gas absorption
Multipath/ducting
Atmospheric conditions (refraction)
Terrain (flatness, type, Fresnel zone clearance, diffraction)
Climatic conditions (rain zone, temperature)
Rain attenuation

Modulation

Proprietary and Confidential

Digital Transmission Systems

Proprietary and Confidential

Radio Relay Principles

f1
RF Signal
f1

Path Terrain

A Radio Link requires two end stations

A line of sight (LOS) or nLOS (near LOS) is required

Microwave Radio Link frequencies occupy 1-80GHz

Proprietary and Confidential

High and Low frequency station

Tx(f1)=11500 MHz

Rx(f1)=11500 MHz

Full duplex

Localsite
Highstation

Remotesite
Lowstation

Rx(f1)=11000 MHz

Tx(f1)=11000 MHz

High station means: Tx(f1) >Rx(f1)

Low station means: Tx(f1) < Rx(f1)

Proprietary and Confidential

Standard frequency plan patterns

Only Low stations can interfere High stations

Frequency reuse:
Low 1,3V
1,3H
Tx

High

Low

1,3V

1,3H

High
Tx

1,3H

Reduced risk for overshoot

Frequency shift:
1,3H

1,3V

2,4V

2,4H
Tx

Reduced risk for overshoot

1,3H

Tx in upper part of band

Tx in lower part of band

Proprietary and Confidential

Preferred site location structure

Proprietary and Confidential

Radio Principal Block Diagram

Input
signal

Z'
Digital
Line interface

E'
Modulator

Transmitter

RF Tx Filter

Branching
Network(*)

Feeder

TRANSMITTER PATH

Feeder

Branching
Network(*)

RF Rx Filter

E
Receiver

Demodulator

RECEIVER PATH

Proprietary and Confidential

Digital
Line interface

Output
signal

RF Principals
RF - System of communication employing electromagnetic waves
(EMW) propagated through space
EMW travel at the speed of light (300,000 km/s)
The wave length is determined by the frequency as follows -

Wave Length

c
f

where c is the propagation velocity of electromagnetic

waves in vacuum (3x108 m/s)

Microwave refers to very short waves (millimeters) and typically

relates to frequencies above 1GHz:
300 MHz ~ 1 meter
10 GHz ~ 3 cm

Proprietary and Confidential

RF Principals
We can see the relationship between colour, wavelength and amplitude
using this animation

Proprietary and Confidential

Radio Spectrum

Proprietary and Confidential

Parameters Affecting Propagation

Dispersion
Humidity/gas absorption
Multipath/ducting
Atmospheric conditions (refraction)
Terrain (flatness, type, Fresnel zone clearance, diffraction)
Climatic conditions (rain zone, temperature)
Rain attenuation

Proprietary and Confidential

Parameters Affecting Propagation Dispersion

Electromagnetic signal propagating in a physical medium is degraded
because the various wave components (i.e., frequencies, wavelengths)
have different propagation velocities within the physical medium:

Low frequencies have longer wavelength and refract less

High frequencies have shorter wavelength and refract more

Proprietary and Confidential

Parameters Affecting Propagation

Atmospheric Refraction
Deflection of the beam towards the ground due to different electrical
characteristics of the atmospheres is called Dielectric Constant.
The dielectric constant depends on pressure, temperature &
humidity in the atmosphere, parameters that are normally decrease
with altitude
Since waves travel faster through thinner medium, the upper part of the
wave will travel faster than the lower part, causing the beam to bend
downwards, following the curve of earth

With Atmosphere

No Atmosphere
Proprietary and Confidential

Wave in atmosphere

Proprietary and Confidential

Parameters Affecting Propagation Multipath

Multipath occurs when there is more then one beam reaching the receiver
with different amplitude or phase
Multipath transmission is the main cause of fading in low frequencies

Direct beam

Delayed beam

Proprietary and Confidential

Parameters Affecting Propagation Duct

Atmospheric duct refers to a horizontal layer in the lower atmosphere with

vertical refractive index gradients causing radio signals:

Remain within the duct

Follow the curvature of the Earth

Experience less attenuation in the ducts than they would if the ducts were not
present

Duct Layer

Duct Layer
Terrain

Proprietary and Confidential

Parameters Affecting Propagation - Polarization and

Rain
Raindrops have sizes ranging from 0.1 millimeters to 9 millimeters
mean diameter (above that they tend to break up)

Smaller drops are called cloud droplets, and their shape is spherical.

As a raindrop increases in
size, its shape becomes more
oblate, with its largest
cross-section facing the
oncoming airflow.

Large rain drops become

Increasingly flattened on the
Bottom;
very large ones are shaped
like parachutes

Proprietary and Confidential

Parameters Affecting Propagation Rain Fading

Refers to scenarios where signal is absorbed by rain, snow, ice
Absorption becomes significant factor above 11GHz
Signal quality degrades
Represented by dB/km parameter which is related the rain
density which represented mm/hr
Rain drops falls as flattened droplet

V better than H (more immune to rain fading)

Proprietary and Confidential

Parameters Affecting Propagation Rain Fading

Heavier rain >> Heavier Atten.

Higher FQ >> Higher Attenuation

Proprietary and Confidential

Parameters Affecting Propagation Fresnel Zone

3rd
2nd
1st

1. EMW propagate in beams

2. Some beams widen therefore, their path is longer
3. A phase shift is introduced between the direct and indirect
beam
4. Thus, ring zones around the direct line are created

Duct Layer0

Terrain
Proprietary and Confidential

Parameters Affecting Propagation Fresnel Zone

Obstacles in the first Fresnel zone will create signals that will be 0 to 90 degrees out
of phasein the 2nd zone they will be 90 to 270 degrees out of phasein 3rd zone,
they will be 270 to 450 degrees out of phase and so on
Odd numbered zones are constructive and even numbered zones are destructive.
When building wireless links, we therefore need to be sure that these zones are kept
free of obstructions.
In wireless networking the area containing about 40-60 percent of the first Fresnel
zone should be kept free.

Proprietary and Confidential

Example: First condition

Proprietary and Confidential

RF Link Basic Components Parabolic Reflector Radiation (antenna)

Proprietary and Confidential

RSSI Curve for RFU-C

1,9V

1,6V

1,3V

-30dBm

-60dbm

Proprietary and Confidential

-90dBm

Main Parabolic Antenna Types

Standard performance antennas (SP,LP)

Used for remote access links with low capacity. Re-using frequencies on adjacent links is not
normally possible due to poor front to back ratio.
High performance antennas (HP)
Used for high and low capacity links where only one polarization is used. Re-using
frequencies is possible. Can not be used with co-channel systems.
High performance dual polarized antennas (HPX)
Used for high and low capacity links with the possibility to utilize both polarizations. Re-using
frequencies is possible. Can be used for co-channel systems.
Super high performance dual polarized antennas (HSX)
Normally used on high capacity links with the possibility to utilize both polarizations. Re-using
frequencies is possible with high interference protection. Ideal for co-channel systems.
Ultra high performance dual polarized antennas (UHX)
Normally used on high capacity links with high interference requirements. Re-using
frequencies in many directions is possible. Can be used with co-channel systems.

Proprietary and Confidential

Passive Repeaters

Plane
reflector

Back-to-back
antennas

Proprietary and Confidential

Link Calculation Basic Example (in vacuum)

Lfs
TSL

Lfsl

RSL ReceivedSignalLevel

Lw
Lb

TSL TransmittedSignalLevel
Lfsl Freespaceloss=92.45+20logx(distanceinkmxfrequencyinGHz)

Lf Filterloss
Lb Branchingloss
Lw Waveguideloss

RSL

Ga Antennagain

RSL=TSL+GaLfsl+GaLwLbLf

Proprietary and Confidential

Atmospheric attenuation
Starts to contribute to the total attenuation above approximately 15GHz

Aa a d

[dB]

Parameters in a:

Frequency
Temperature
Air pressure
Water vapour

Proprietary and Confidential

Objective examples

Typical objectives used in real systems

99.999%

Month: 25.9 sec

Year: 5 min 12 sec

99.995 %

Month: 2 min 10 sec

Year: 26 min

99.99%

Month: 260 sec

Year: 51 min

Performance requirements generally higher than Availability.

ITU use worst month for Performance Average year for Availability

Proprietary and Confidential

Modulation

Modulation
Modulation

Analog
Modulation

Digital
Modulation

AM - Amplitude modulation
FM - Frequency modulation
PM Phase modulation

ASK Amplitude Shift Keying

FSK Frequency Shift Keying
PSK Phase Shift Keying
QAM Quadrature Amplitude modulation

Proprietary and Confidential

Digital modulation
1
1

ASK

Modem

0 1

1
1

modulation changes the amplitude to the analog

signale.1 and 0 have different amplitude.

PSK modulation changes the phase to the transmitted

signal. The simplest method uses 0 and 1800 .

Modem

1800 phase shift

1
1

FSK modulation is a method of represent the two

binary states 1 and 0 with different
spcific frequencies.

Modem
F1

F1 F2

Proprietary and Confidential

QAM Modulation
Quadrature Amplitude Modulation employs both phase modulation
(PSK) and amplitude modulation (ASK)

The input stream is divided into groups of bits based on the number
of modulation states used.

In 8 QAM, each three bits of input, which provides eight values (0-7)
alters the phase and amplitude of the carrier to derive eight unique
modulation states
In 64 QAM, each six bits generates 64 modulation states; in 128
QAM, each seven bits generate 128 states, and so on
4QAM 2bits/symbol
8QAM 3bits/symbol
16QAM 4bits/symbol
32QAM 5bits/symbol
64QAM 6bits/symbol
128QAM 7bits/symbol

256QAM
512QAM
1024QAM
2048QAM

8bits/symbol
9bits/symbol
10bits/symbol
11bits/symbol

Proprietary and Confidential

Why QAM and not ASK or PSK for higher modulation?

This is because QAM achieves a greater distance between adjacent points
in the I-Q plane by distributing the points more evenly

The points on the constellation are more distinct and data errors are
reduced

Higher modulation >> more bits per symbol

Constellation points are closer >>TX is more susceptible to noise

Proprietary and Confidential

Constellation diagram
In a more abstract sense, it represents the possible symbols that may be
selected by a given modulation scheme as points in the complex plane.
Measured constellation diagrams can be used to recognize the type of
interference and distortion in a signal.

Proprietary and Confidential

8 QAM Modulation Example

We have stream: 001-010-100-011-101-000-011-110
DIGITAL QAM (8QAM)
Bitsequence

Amplitude

000

Phase(degrees)
None

001

None

010

pi/2(90)

011

pi/2(90)

100

pi(180)

101

pi(180)

110

3pi/2(270)

111

3pi/2(270)

How does constellation diagram look?

Proprietary and Confidential

4QAM VS. 16QAM

16QAM

4QAM

Proprietary and Confidential

2048 QAM

Proprietary and Confidential

Bandwidth vs. Modulation

2-PSK

4-PSK
Modulation
Complixity
Increases

Bandwidth
Decreases

8-PSK

16-QAM

64-QAM

Proprietary and Confidential

Signal / Noise
Example: S/N influence at QPSK Demodulator
Each dot detected in wrong quadrant result in bit errors

BER<10-13

BER0

BER=10-6

BER=10-3

Signal

S/N
Noise

Signal
S/N
Noise

Proprietary and Confidential

Power

Noise

Power

Signal
S/N

Signal
S/N
Noise

BER Impact on Transmission Quality

10 -3

10 -4

10 -5

BER change ratio vs. Noise is

dependent on Noise Power distribution
and coding

10 -6

10 -7

BER

10 -8
-75

-72
-69
Receiver input level [dBm ]

-66

Proprietary and Confidential

RSL Vs. Threshold

RSL (dBm)

BER>10-6

-20
-30

Nominal Input Level

Fading Margin

-73

Threshold level BER=10-6

BER>10-6

S/N=23dB for 128QAM (37 MHz)

Receiver amplifies thermal noise

-96
-99

Thermal Noise=10*log(k*T*B*1000)

K Boltzmann constant
T Temperature in Kelvin
B Bandwidth

Time (s)
Proprietary and Confidential

Thank you

Thispagewasintentionallyleftblank.

IP-20N Overview

November 2014
Version 4

Agenda
IP-20N Product Highlights
Network topology with IP-20N
IP-20N Overview

1U and 2U chassis

TCC Traffic Control Card

RMC Radio Modem Card

ELIC Ethernet Line Interface Card

TDM Line cards

IVM Inventory Module

PDC Power Distribution Card

Fan Module and Air Filter

RFU Radio Frequency Unit

IP-20N Block Diagram

Proprietary and Confidential

FibeAir IP-10 Product Line - 2011

Ethernet + Optional TDM

Ethernet Only

IP-10E

IP-10G

IP-10C

Terminal /
Single-Carrier

Compact
All-Outdoor

IP-10Q
Aggregation
Nodal

Nodal

Optimized for Full GE

Multi-Carrier pipes
Ultra-high density

Optimized Solution for Any Network

Proprietary and Confidential

FibeAir IP-X0 Product Line - 2012 (Introducing IP-20N)

Ethernet + Optional TDM

Ethernet Only

IP-10E

IP-10G

Terminal /
Single-Carrier

IP-20N

IP-10C
Compact
All-Outdoor

IP-10Q
Aggregation

Optimized for Full GE

Multi-Carrier pipes
Ultra-high density

Nodal

Ultra-high density/modularity

Optimized Solution for Any Network

Proprietary and Confidential

FibeAir IP-20 Product Family

IP-20G

IP-20N 1RU & 2RU

IP-20E
IP-20S
IP-20C

IP20
Platform
IP-20A= IP20N + RFU-A
Available only for US & NA market

IP-20LH
Proprietary and Confidential

FibeAir IP-20N Product Overview

Purpose built for Nodal deployments
Unified architecture with
common cards
Traffic/Control cards (TCC)
Radio interface cards (RMC)

1RUchassis,Upto5RFUs

o Non-XPIC
o XPIC
o 1024 QAM
Line cards (LIC)
o Eth 4 x 1GE
o TDM 16 x E1/DS1 LIC
1 x STM-1/OC3 LIC
- 1 x ch STM-1
o LIC-X-E4-Elec./Opt

2RUchassis,Upto10RFUs
Fullredundancyoption(NoSPoF)

Ultra-high flexibility/modularity
Optimized foot-print, density, scalability & availability
Proprietary and Confidential

FibeAir IP-20N Product Highlights

Optimized nodal solution

Multi-Carrier ABC
1xUpto8+0MCABC(Upto1Gbps)
1+1/2+2MCABC/HSB(Upto1Gbps)
MixedNx1+0/1+1&1xABC(4+0)
Rich packet processing feature-set
High Availability node
Support for multi-operator scenarios
Highest capacity, scalability and spectral efficiency
High precision, flexible packet Synchronization solution
Best-in-class TDM migration solution using PWE3 (Circuit Emulation)
Support Ceragon s current and future RFUs
Purpose built for supporting resilient and adaptive multi-carrier radio links scaling to GE
capacity
Future-proof with maximal investment protection

Proprietary and Confidential

FibeAir IP-20N Carrier Ethernet Transport

Main features

Flexible transport
Flexible service classification
Full E-Line, E-LAN support
Hierarchical QoS
Superb (hardware based) service level OAM and SLA assurance mechanisms
MSTP
Enhanced <50msec network level resiliency (G.8031/2)
Advanced L2-4 security policy (ACL) engine
Enhanced Multicast (IGMP-snooping)
ACM 4PSK 1024 QAM
LIC-T155 (1x ch-STM-1)
LIC-STM1/OC3-RST

Future proof architecture for supporting

backhaul evolution to emerging services
Proprietary and Confidential

Network Topology Example (Tree)

Proprietary and Confidential

Network Topology Example (Ring)

Proprietary and Confidential

Network Topology Example (Tree)

C
C

RFU-C

1+0

1+1

C
C

IP20N C

2+0

1+1
C

IP20N

C
C

1+0

IP20N

C
1+0

2+0

1+0

2+0

IP10G

C
IP20N

IP20G

IP10G

Proprietary and Confidential

Reference Integrated CET solution

E1s
Eth

IP10G

E1s
Eth

1+0

E1s
Eth

1+0

IP20N C

4+0

2+2

IP10G C

C
IP20N

IP20C

IP20G

C
1+1

C IP20G C

1+1

C
C IP20N
C

E1s
Eth

4+0
Microwave
Ring

E1s
Eth

4+0

2+2
E1s
Eth

C IP20N
C

1+0

Eth

E1s
Eth

IP20N C

C
4+0

IP20N

C
E1s
Eth

IP20N
4+0

C
IP20N
IP20N

Edge
Router

10GE Fiber
Ring
Edge
Router

Proprietary and Confidential

IP20N

RFU-C

IP-20N Overview

IP-20N 2RU Chassis

Fans tray

2 x Slots for
power distribution
cards (PDC)

Filter tray
(optional)

11
7

1
2 x Slots for
Main traffic and
control cards (TCC)

2
10 x Universal slots for:
- Radio interface cards (RMC)
- Ethernet line cards (4 x GE)
- TDM line cards

Proprietary and Confidential

Slots Numbering
3

6
2

Slots Numbering starts from bottom left

11
7
3

8
4

9
5

10
6
2

Proprietary and Confidential

Card types allowed per slot 1RU

Slot

Allowed Card Type

Number
Slot
Number
1
2

Notes

TCC

RMC

Ethernet LIC-X-E4-Elec (4x GE)

Ethernet LIC-X-E4-Opt (4x GE)

TDM LIC-T16 (16x E1)

TDM LIC-T155 (1x ch-STM-1)

3-6

RMC

TDM LIC-T16 (16x E1)

TDM LIC-T155 (1x ch-STM-1)

TDM LIC-STM1/OC3-RST

Proprietary and Confidential

Card types per slot 2RU

Slot
Number

Allowed Card Type

1
2,12

3 - 10

Notes

TCC

RMC

Ethernet LIC-X-E4-Elec (4x GE)

Ethernet LIC-X-E4-Opt (4x GE)

TDM LIC-T16 (16x E1)

TDM LIC-T155 (1x ch-STM-1)

RMC

TDM LIC-T16 (16x E1)

TDM LIC-T155 (1x ch-STM-1)

TDM LIC-STM1/OC3-RST

TCC

Proprietary and Confidential

Recommendations
It is recommended to place the same type of cards in adjacent pairs, as follows:

Slots 3 and 4
Slots 5 and 6
Slots 7 and 8 (2RU only)
Slots 9 and 10 (2RU only)

The reason for this is that for certain features, connectivity is supported in the backplane
between these slot pairs
For example 2+2 HSB SD configuration with XPIC:

1+1 or 2+2 are supported in release 7.9

When combining HSB SD and XPIC, the HSB SD protection group and the
XPIC group cannot be identical. A valid combination would be:
XPIC Group #1: Slot 3 and 4
XPIC Group #2: Slot 5 and 6
Radio Protection Group #1: Slot 3 and 5
Radio Protection Group #2: Slot 4 and 6

Proprietary and Confidential

Traffic Ethernet Matrix

TCC Slot 11

Slot 12

Slot 7

Slot 8

Slot 9

Slot 10

Slot 3

Slot 4

Slot 5

Slot 6

TCC Slot 1

Slot 2
Proprietary and Confidential

Supported Configurations in T7.9

Configuration
1+0
1+0IFCombining
2+0SinglePolarization

Notes

2+0DualPolarization(XPIC)
3+0

RequiresMultiCarrierABC.
RequiresMultiCarrierABCorLAG.

4+0SinglePolarization

RequiresMultiCarrierABCorLAG.

4+0DualPolarization(XPIC)
4+0IFCombining

5+0SinglePolarization

RequiresMultiCarrierABC.
RequiresMultiCarrierABCand
1500HP.
RequiresMultiCarrierABCand
1500HP.
RequiresMultiCarrierABCorLAG.

6+0SinglePolarization

RequiresMultiCarrierABCorLAG.

7+0SinglePolarization

RequiresMultiCarrierABCorLAG.

8+0SinglePolarization

RequiresMultiCarrierABCorLAG.

RequiresRMCBand1500HP
RequiresMultiCarrierABCorLAG.

4+0IFCombiningandXPIC

1+1HSBProtection
1+1HSBProtectionwithBBSSpace
Diversity
2+2HSBProtection
2+2HSBProtectionwithBBSSpace
Diversity
2+2HSBProtectionwithXPIC
2+2HSBProtectionwithBBSSpace
DiversityandXPIC
2+2HSBProtectionwithIF
CombiningandXPIC

RequiresMultiCarrierABC
RequiresMultiCarrierABC
RequiresMultiCarrierABC
RequiresMultiCarrierABC
RequiresMultiCarrierABC
RequiresMultiCarrierABCand
1500HP
Proprietary and Confidential

SGMII to TCC primary

SGMII to TCC backup

TCC Traffic control card

Traffic Control Card (TCC)

Main functions:
TCC-B doesnt support Multi-Carrier ABC, HSB support
TCC-B-MC required for Multi-Carrier ABC configurations, HSB BBS SD support
1xUpto8+0MCABC(Upto1Gbps)
1+1/2+2MCABC/HSB(Upto1Gbps)
MixedNx1+0/1+1&1xABC(4+0)

Network processor with 16 ports

10 Gbps switching capacity
6,25 Mpps (Mega packet per second) switching capacity
Shelf control and management
Ethernet traffic management and switching
Clock unit

Ceragon SD cards with Cera OS:

Industrial SD card 1GB class 6

Proprietary and Confidential

12
8
4

7
3

9
5

10
6
2

MNG port 1

CPU

MNG port 2

Radio Card

1Gb SGMII / (2.5Gb)

Ethernet Switch
16 ports 10Gbps
Line Interface 1Gb SGMII / (2.5Gb)

1Gb SGMII / (2.5Gb)

Line Interface 1Gb SGMII / (2.5Gb)

1Gb SGMII / (2.5Gb)

Ethernet Card

1Gb SGMII / (2.5Gb)

Proprietary and Confidential

TCC Indicators & Connectors

1
1

Activity
LED
SYNC
Port

Handle

External
Alarms
Port

Serial
Port

Gigabit
Electrical Ports

Management
Ports

Gigabit Optical
Ports

Proprietary and Confidential

Handle

TCC card Interfaces pin out

Proprietary and Confidential

RMC Radio Modem Card

Radio Modem Cards (RMC)

8
4

7
3

9
5

10
6
2

RMC-A
Based on Ceragons well known SoC modem
Supports up to 256QAM
FibeAir IP-10 Series support across a link
RMC-B
Based on Ceragons new SoC modem
Supports up to 1024QAM
Supports XPIC and non XPIC (same Hardware)
Supports Header De-Duplication
RMCA

RMCB

XPIC

Yes

MultiCarrierABC

Yes

Modemtype

PVGmodem

Marsmodem

Modulation

256 QAM+ACM

1024QAMwithPremium
RFU+ACM

FDandSD

Yes

IP20communicationwith
IP10 acrossalink

Yes

Proprietary and Confidential

Radio Modem Cards (RMC) and RFUs combinations

Combination

Multi Carrier
ABC

XPIC&Header
De Duplication

Maxavailable
Modulation

IP20N
communication
withIP10acrossa
radio link

IP20N
communication
withIP20G

RMCA&RFU
standard

256QAM

Yes

RMCA&RFU
premium

256QAM

Yes

RMCB &RFU
standard

Yes

256QAM

Yes

RMCB &RFU
premium

Yes

1024QAM

Yes

RMC-A

RMC-B

RFU-C/Ce
Proprietary and Confidential

Radio Modem Cards (RMC-E)

8
4

7
3

9
5

10
6
2

RMC-E is used for IP-20LH with Evolution radio.

This card has Radio Interface and STM-1 RST Interface

Proprietary and Confidential

RMC Indicators & Connectors

12
8
4

7
3

9
5

10
6
2

IF Connector

Handle

ACT
LED

LINK
LED

RFU
LED

Color
off
green
yellow
red

ACT

LINK

RFU

Nopower

OK,activemode

LinkOKnoalarms

RFUisOK

OK,standbymode

Minororwarning
alarm

failure

Criticalor major
alarm

Proprietary and Confidential

ELIC Ethernet Line Interface Cards

Ethernet Line Interface Card

Electrical LIC-XE4-Elec

LIC-XE4-Elec

Supports 4 GBE ports (one combo)

Works only on slots 2 and 12
MDI/MDIX support
Cascading ports (port 3 & 4)

Proprietary and Confidential

LIC-XE4-Elec
Indicators & Connectors

Gigabit Electrical Ports

Handle

ACT
LED

Color
off

green

red

SFP
LED

SFP
Slot

ACT

LeftLEDforport

RightLEDforport

SFPLED

Nopower

Interfaceisdisabled

Interface isdisabled
ortheinterface
operatesat
100BaseTmode

Cablenotconnected,
linknotok,interface
isdisabled

OK,noalarms

theinterfaceis
enabledandlinkis
OK(Blinking=traffic
activity)

Interface operatesat
1000BaseTmode,
Blinkingmeans
operatesat10BaseT
mode

Interface isenabled
andlinkisOK,
blinkingmeanstraffic
activity

Cardfailureor
hardwarefailure

Proprietary and Confidential

Ethernet Line Interface Card

Optical LIC-XE4-Opt

LIC-XE4-Opt

Supports 4 GBE ports (firs port is combo)

Total 4x SFP
Works only on slots 2 and 12
Cascading ports (port 3 & 4)

Proprietary and Confidential

LIC-XE4-Opt
Indicators & Connectors

Gigabit Optical Ports

Handle

ACT
LED

Color
off

green

red

SFP
LED

Gigabit
Electrical port

ACT

LeftLEDforport

RightLEDforport

SFPLED

Nopower

Interfaceisdisabled

Interface isdisabled
ortheinterface
operatesat
100BaseTmode

Cablenotconnected,
linknotok,interface
isdisabled

OK,noalarms

theinterfaceis
enabledandlinkis
OK(Blinking=traffic
activity)

Interface operatesat
1000BaseTmode,
Blinkingmeans
operatesat10BaseT
mode

Interface isenabled
andlinkisOK,
blinkingmeanstraffic
activity

Cardfailureor
hardwarefailure

Proprietary and Confidential

TDM Line cards

LIC-T16 (16xE1/DS1)
Line Interface Card

12
7
3

9
5

8
4

10
6
2

TDM-LIC
16 E1/T1s
1588 client clock and boundary clock as a future option

Proprietary and Confidential

LIC-T16 (16xE1)- Indicators & Connectors

7
3

9
5

8
4

10
6
2

16 x E1/ DS1 Connector

Handle

SYNC Connector
Color

off

green

red

ACT

ACT LED

E1/DS1LED

SyncLeftLEDfor
port

SyncRightLEDfor
port

E1/DS1LED

Nopower

Theinterfaceis
disabledornosignalis
beingreceived

Theinterfaceis
disabled

The interfaceis
disabled

OK,noalarms

Indicateswhetheravalid
signalisbeingreceived
whenenabled

Indicateswhetherthe
interfaceisconfiguredto
exportaclock

Noalarms

Cardfailureor
hardwarefailure

Any alarms

Proprietary and Confidential

LIC-T16 (16xE1)
Connector and Synchronization Interface

12
7
3

8
4

9
5

10
6
2

Proprietary and Confidential

TDM LIC-T155 (1x ch-STM-1)

12
7
3

8
4

9
5

10
6
2

TDM-LIC
1 STM-1/OC3
1588 client clock and boundary clock as a future option
The 1 x ch-STM-1 interface uses an optical SFP connector.

Proprietary and Confidential

TDM LIC-T155 (1x ch-STM-1)

Indicators & Connectors

12
7
3

9
5

8
4

10
6
2

STM-1/OC3 SFP

Handle

ACT
LED

Color

off

green

red

STM-1/OC3
LED

SYNC
Connector

ACT

SyncLeftLEDfor
port

SyncRightLEDfor
port

STM1/OC3

Nopower

Theinterfaceis
disabledornosignalis
beingreceived

Theinterfaceis
disabled

The interfaceis
disabled

OK,noalarms

Indicateswhetheravalid
signalisbeingreceived
whenenabled

Indicateswhetherthe
interfaceisconfiguredto
exportaclock

Noalarms

Cardfailureor
hardwarefailure

Any alarms

Proprietary and Confidential

TDM LIC-STM-1/OC3-RST

12
7
3

8
4

9
5

10
6
2

Proprietary and Confidential

Inventory Module (IVM)

Mandatory Cards - IVM

Single card for 1RU and 2RU chassis.

2 x E2PROM on single board (function as 2 separated cards).
Installed at the back of the chassis
Holds the chassis:
License.
Node MAC address (48 MACs per unit).
Serial number.

Proprietary and Confidential

IVM Inventory Module

The IVM contains pre-programmed information that defines the chassis and its slots,
including:
Module types that can be inserted into the chassis, per slot
Product and card names
Internal MAC addresses
Serial number
Hardware versions
Licensed features and capacities
The IVM stores information in a 8 KB (64 kb) EEPROM. A 2RU IP-20N IVM contains
two EEPROMs. If a redundant TCC configuration is used, each EEPROM is
dedicated to a specific TCC

IVM
EEPROM
TCC 1

EEPROM
TCC 2

Proprietary and Confidential

PDC Power Distribution Card

Mandatory Cards PDC

Power Distribution Card

Monitors the inputs signal

Drives the -48V signal
Converts the -48V signal to other power levels
Different card for 1RU chassis and 2RU chassis
2U chassis uses two PDC card for redundancy
1U chassis uses dual input for redundancy

Proprietary and Confidential

Power Distribution Card

A 2RU IP-20N can use two PDC cards for redundancy. Each PDC provides 48V
power to all modules in the chassis via the backplane, on different lines.
A diode bridge in the modules prevents power spikes and unstable power from the
two power sources.
Voltage range: -40,5 VDC to -60 VDC
The maximum rating of the overcurrent protection shall be 3 Amp per link, while the
maximum current rating is 9A for 1RU and 17Amp for 2RU
The power source must be grounded
If the voltage goes below -38V, the LED displays Red. When the voltage returns to 40V or higher, the Red indication goes off and the Green indication reappears.
Standard PDC Interface

Dual - Input PDC Interfaces

Proprietary and Confidential

Power consumption specification

Proprietary and Confidential

Fans Module & Air Filter

Mandatory Cards Fans

Four fans inside the fans module
Powered up from -48VDC from the backplane
Different module for 1RU and 2RU chassis

Proprietary and Confidential

Filter Tray - optional

IP-20N offers a filter as optional

equipment. If a filter tray is not
ordered, the IP-20N chassis is
delivered with a blank filter slot
cover.

Proprietary and Confidential

IP-20N Block diagram

IP-20N Block Diagram

Proprietary and Confidential

Traffic Path vs Internal Shelf Management Path

Proprietary and Confidential

Traffic Path vs Internal Shelf Management Path

Proprietary and Confidential

Thank You

Thispagewasintentionallyleftblank.

Radio Frequency Units

V1
April 2014

Agenda
Radio Frequency units for IP-20N
RFU Selection Guide
RFU-C
1500HP / RFU HP
Split Mount Configuration and Branching
New Outdoor Circulator Block OCB
Split Mount Configurations
Green mode

Proprietary and Confidential

Radio Frequency units

Standard Power
FibeAir RFU-C

High Power
FibeAir 1500HP
FibeAir RFU-HP

The following RFUs can be installed in a split-mount configuration:

FibeAir RFU-C (642 GHz)
FibeAir 1500HP RFU-HP (611 GHz)
RFU-HP (68 GHz)

The following RFUs can be installed in an all-indoor configuration:

FibeAir 1500HP/RFU-HP (611 GHz)

The IDU and RFU are connected by a coaxial cable RG-223 (up to 100 m/300 ft),
Belden 9914/RG-8 (up to 300 m/1000 ft) or equivalent, with an N-type connector
(male) on the RFU and a TNC connector on the RMC in the IP-20N chassis.

Proprietary and Confidential

FibeAir Radio Frequency Units

Standard Power (Max 24 dbm)

FibeAir RFU-C

6-38 GHz
3.5-56Mhz Ch. Bandwidth
QPSK-1024QAM
Very Compact

FibeAir RFU-HP -1RX

Ultra High Power (Max 33 dbm)

6-8 GHz
3.5-56Mhz Ch. Bandwidth
Low Loss Chaining
QPSK-1024QAM
Reduced Power Consumption Mode (Green Mode)

FibeAir 1500-HP/SD

High Power (Max 33 dbm)

6-11 GHz
3,5-56Mhz Ch. Bandwidth
QPSK-1024QAM
Low Loss Chaining
Dual RX with IFC (Single Rx available for 11GHz)

Proprietary and Confidential

RFU Selection Guide

1500HP/RFUHP
(6 11GHz)

RFUC
(6 42GHz)

RFUCe
(6 42GHz)

SplitMount

AllIndoor

1+0/2+0/1+1/2+2

Character
InstallationType

Configuration

PowerSavingMode

Modulation

N+1

N+0(N>2)

SDsupport

(IFC,BBS)

(BBS)

AdjustablePower
Consumption

QPSKto256QAM

512to1024QAM

RFU-HP does not support 56 MHz channels.

IFC at 40MHz is supported only for the 11GHz frequency band.

Proprietary and Confidential

RFU C

6-42GHz

Standard RFU C
Support up to 256 QAM modulation
RMC-A or RMC-B

Premium RFU-Ce
Support up to 1024 QAM modulation
RMC-B is required

Main Features of RFU-C:

Frequency range Operates in the frequency range 6 42 GHz
More power in a smaller package - Up to 26 dBm for extended distance, enhanced
availability, use of smaller antennas

Configurable Modulation QPSK 1024 QAM

Configurable Channel Bandwidth 3.5 MHz 56MHz
Compact, lightweight form factor - Reduces installation and warehousing costs
Supported configurations:

1+0 directandremotemount
1+1 directandremotemount
2+0 directandremotemount
2+2 remote mount
4+0 remote mount

Efficient and easy

Proprietary and Confidential

Example of RFU-C direct 1+1 mount configurations

1+1 direct

Proprietary and Confidential

Orthogonal Mode Transducer (OMT) Installation for 2+0

Configuration

Switch to the circular adaptor

(removing the
existing rectangular transition,
swapping the O-ring, and
replacing on the circular
transition).

Proprietary and Confidential

OMT Installation Example

Note: RFUs are at sub 11GHz band

Proprietary and Confidential

1500HP / RFUHP

Main Features of 1500HP/RFU-HP

Frequency range:

1500HP 2RX: 6-11GHz

1500HP 1RX: 11GHz

RFU-HP: 6-8GHz
Frequency source Synthesizer
Installation type Split mount remote mount, all indoor (No direct mount)
Diversity Optional innovative IF Combining Space Diversity for improved system gain (for 1500HP), as
well as BBS Space Diversity (all models)
High transmit power Up to 33dBm in all indoor and split mount installations
Configurable Modulation QPSK 1024 QAM
Configurable Channel Bandwidth

1500HP 2RX (6-11 GHz): 10-30 MHz

1500HP 1RX (11 GHz): 10-30 MHz

1500HP 1RX (11 GHz wide): 24-40 MHz

RFU-HP 1RX (6-8GHz): 3.5-56 MHz

System Configurations Non-Protected (1+0), Protected (1+1), Space Diversity, 2+0/2+2 XPIC, N+0, N+1
XPIC and CCDP Built-in XPIC (Cross Polarization Interference Canceller) and Co-Channel Dual Polarization
(CCDP) feature for double transmission capacity, and more bandwidth efficiency
Power Saving Mode option - Enables the microwave system to automatically detect when link conditions allow it
to use less power (for RFU-HP)
Tx Range (Manual/ATPC) Up to 20 dB dynamic range
ATPC (Automatic Tx Power Control)
RF Channel Selection Via EMS/NMS
NEBS Level 3 NEBS compliance

Proprietary and Confidential

1500 HP 2RX in 1+0 SD Configuration

Proprietary and Confidential

1500 HP 1RX in 1+0 SD Configuration

Proprietary and Confidential

RFU-HP 1RX in 1+0 SD Configuration

Proprietary and Confidential

HP Comparison Table
Feature

1500HP2RX

1500HP1RX

RFUHP

FrequencyBandsSupport

6L,6H,7,8,11GHz

6L,6H,7,8GHz

Notes

ChannelSpacingSupport

Upto30MHz

Upto30MHz
11GHzversionfor
40MHz

Upto60MHz

SplitMount

AllarecompatiblewithOCBs
frombothgenerations

AllIndoor

AllarecompatiblewithICBs

SpaceDiversity

BBSandIFC

BBS

IFC IFCombining
BBS BaseBandSwitching

FrequencyDiversity

1+0/2+0/1+1/2+2

N+1

N+0(N>2)

HighPower

RemoteMountAntenna

PowerSavingMode

Powerconsumptionchanges
withTXpower

1500 HP (11 GHz ) 40 MHz bandwidth does not support IF Combining. For this frequency, space diversity is only available via BBS.

Proprietary and Confidential

Split Mount Configuration and Branching

Split Mount Configuration and Branching Network

Outdoor Circulator Block OCB The Tx and the Rx path

circulate together to the main OCB port. When chaining
multiple OCBs, each Tx signal is chained to the OCB Rx
signal and so on (uses S-bend section). For more details,
refer to 1500HP/RFU-HP OCBs

Indoor Circulator Block ICB All the Tx signals are

chained together to one Tx port (at the ICC) and all the Rx
signals are chained together to one Rx port (at the ICC). The
ICC circulates all the Tx and the Rx signals to one antenna
port.

Proprietary and Confidential

Split Mount Configuration and Branching Network

All- Indoor Vertical Branching

Split-Mount Branching and All Indoor Compact

Proprietary and Confidential

New OCB

New OCB Outdoor Circulator Block

The OCB has the following main purposes:
1. Hosts the circulators and the attached filters.
2. Chain and accumulate radio signal ( multiple carriers )
3. Routes the RF through the filters and circulators.
4. Allows RFU connection to the Main and Diversity antennas.

Proprietary and Confidential

New OCB Components

RF Filters - are used for specific frequency channels and Tx/Rx separation. The filters are attached to the OCB,
and each RFU contains one Rx and one Tx filter. In a Space Diversity using IF combining configuration, each RFU
contains two Rx filters (which combine the IF signals) and one Tx filter. The filters can be replaced without
removing the OCB. The RF filter is installed with every configuration.

DCB - Diversity Circulator Block An external block which is added in Space Diversity configurations. DCB is
connected to the diversity port and chains two OCBs.

Coupler Kit is used for 1+1 Hot Standby configurations. (loss 1.6 /6dB)

Symmetrical Coupler Kit is used for: (loss of 3/3 dB) When chaining adjacent channels (only 28/30 MHz) 1+1
Hot Standby configurations with a symmetrical loss of 3dB in each direction Note: CPLRs loss tolerance is 0.7
dB

U Bend The U Bend connects the chained DCB (Diversity Circulator Block) in N+1/N+0 configurations.

S Bend The S Bend connects the chained OCB (Outdoor Circulator Block) in N+1/N+0 configurations.

Pole Mount Kit The Pole Mount Kit is used to fasten up to five OCBs and the RFUs to the pole. The kit enables
fast and easy installation.

Proprietary and Confidential

1+1 and 2+2 HSB Configuration

Proprietary and Confidential

N+0/N+1 Configuration

Proprietary and Confidential

2+0 XPIC

Proprietary and Confidential

Split mount applications

Proprietary and Confidential

Split mount applications 4+0

S-Bend

Proprietary and Confidential

Split mount applications 4+0 SD

DCB

S-Bend

Proprietary and Confidential

U-Bend

Green Mode
Significant Power Consumption Reduction

Minimal power consumption required in 99.9% of the time

Green Mode enables:

Reduction of consumed power by automatically reducing Tx power
Quick increase in Tx Power in case of fading.
No traffic impact
PowerConsumption
Level

Max.Tx Power
(@128QAM)

Power Consumption

High

31dBm

80W

Mid

27dBm

56W

Low

21dBm

41W

AutomaticTXPowercontrolforoptimalpower
consumption
Proprietary and Confidential

Green Mode (RFU-HP)

Significant Power Consumption Reduction

31dBm
80W

27dBm

56W
21dBm
41W

Proprietary and Confidential

Power Consumption VS. Monitored TSL

The radio operates in fixed and pre-defined
power-consumption states:

PowerState

MonitoredTX
Power

Consumed
power[W]

HIGH

31dBm

80Watt

MEDIUM

27dBm

56 Watt

LOW

21dBm

41 Watt

Transition between power states is hitless and

errorless !
*X<Y<Z
Proprietary and Confidential

Normal ATPC
Set reference level Remote TX changes accordingly

5 dB
dB
10
150

RX:41dBm
Referencelevel:40dBm
When fading occurs, both transmitters try to
compensate for the losses by increasing
transmission power while maintaining RSL as
close as possible to the Ref. level
Proprietary and Confidential

GREEN MODE
Set
Set

GreenMode
GreenRSL

enable
limit [dBm]

setting the Green RSL to

-50dBm doesnt degrade fade
margin, as the mechanism will
increase TX power if
necessary.

10
155
0 dB
dB

RX:52dBm
RX:37dBm
RX:42dBm
RX:47dBm
Greenlevel:50dBm
When fading occurs, both transmitters
compare the monitored RSL with the Green
Level (Ref.). As long as RSL> Ref. there is no
need to increase the TSL.
Proprietary and Confidential

GREEN MODE
Set
Set

GreenMode
GreenRSL

enable
limit [dBm]

setting the Green RSL to

-50dBm doesnt degrade fade
margin, as the mechanism will
increase TX power if
necessary.

15 dB

RX:50dBm
RX:52dBm
Green level: -50dBm
When RSL drops below the Green Ref. level,
we must increase the TSL to maintain the
fade margin and avoid low sensitivity

Proprietary and Confidential

Thank You

First login

Ceragon Training Services

October, 2014 v2

Agenda

CLI and Web login

General commands
Get IP address
Set IP address
Set to default

Proprietary and Confidential

Connecting to the Unit

CLI

Web/Telnet

Baudrate=115200
Databits:8
Parity:None
Stopbits:1
FlowControl:None

IPaddress=192.168.1.1
DefaultUsername/passwordisadmin/admin
Proprietary and Confidential

General commands

Press twice the TAB key for optional commands in actual directory
Use the TAB key to auto-complete a syntax

Use the arrow keys to navigate through recent commands

Question mark to list helpful commands

Proprietary and Confidential

Get IP address
CLI Command:
platform management ip show ip-address

Proprietary and Confidential

Changing Management IP Address

CLI Command:
platform management ip set ipv4-address <IP Address> subnet <Mask>
gateway <default gateway>

Example
Web
expand Platform branch, then Management branch and click on IP, set
accordingly and click Apply button

Proprietary and Confidential

Set to default
CLI Command:
platform management set-to-default

Please note that IP address after Set to Factory Default will be not changed!!!

Proprietary and Confidential

Other CLI commands

For any CLI commands please follow our Web Manual

Open Index html file

Find out in Topics submenu required configuration

Proprietary and Confidential

Web Management

First Web login

Default IP address is 192.168.1.1 /24

DefaultUsername/passwordisadmin/admin
Proprietary and Confidential

Set to factory default

Please note that IP address after Set to Factory Default will be not changed!!!

Proprietary and Confidential

IP address settings

2 select IPv4 or IPv6

Proprietary and Confidential

Web configuration manual

For any CLI commands please follow our Web Manual

Open Index html file

Find out in Topics submenu required configuration

Proprietary and Confidential

Thank You

Thispagewasintentionallyleftblank.

Shelf Management

October 2014
Version 2

Connecting to the Unit

CLI

Web

Baudrate=115200
Databits:8
Parity:None
Stopbits:1
FlowControl:None

IPaddress=192.168.1.1
DefaultUsername/passwordisadmin/admin
Proprietary and Confidential

Chassis Configuration Window

NavigationTree

ConfigurationArea

SelectionArea
Proprietary and Confidential

Configuring the Chassis (1/2)

Proprietary and Confidential

Configuring the Chassis (2/2)

Proprietary and Confidential

Questions?

Proprietary and Confidential

Thank You

ACM Adaptive Coding and Modulation

MSE Mean Square Error

November 2014
Version 3

Agenda

Adaptive Coding and Modulation

Using MSE with ACM
What is MSE?
Link Commissioning with MSE
Triggering ACM with MSE
ACM Benefits
ACM and 1+1 HSB

Proprietary and Confidential

Adaptive Coding and Modulation (ACM)

In ACM mode, the radio will select the highest possible link capacity based on received signal quality.

When the signal quality is degraded due to link fading or interference, the radio will change to a more robust
modulation and link capacity is consequently reduced.

When signal quality improves, the modulation is automatically increased and link capacity is restored to the original
setting. The capacity changes are hitless (no bit errors introduced).

During the period of reduced capacity, the traffic is prioritized based on Ethernet QoS - and TDM priority - settings.

In case of congestion the Ethernet or TDM traffic with lowest priority is dropped. TDM capacity per modulation
state is configurable as part of the TDM priority setting.

Proprietary and Confidential

Hitless and Errorless switching

Proprietary and Confidential

Using MSE with ACM

MSE - Definition

MSE is used to quantify the difference between an estimated

(expected) value and the true value of the quantity being
estimated
MSE measures the average of the squared errors:
MSE is an aggregated error by which the expected value differs
from the quantity to be estimated.
The difference occurs because of randomness or because the
receiver does not account for information that could produce a
more accurate estimated RSL

Proprietary and Confidential

To simplify.

Imagine a production line where a machine needs to insert

one part into the other
Both devices must perfectly match
Let us assume the width has to be 10mm wide
We took a few of parts and measured them to see how
many can fit in.

Proprietary and Confidential

The Errors Histogram

(Gaussian probability distribution function)

Quantity

Expected value

3
3

width
6mm

7mm

10mm

12mm

16mm

To evaluate how accurate our machine is, we need to know how many
parts differ from the expected value
9 parts were perfectly OK
Proprietary and Confidential

The difference from Expected value

Quantity

Error = 0 mm

Error = + 2 mm
Error = - 3 mm
Error = + 6 mm

Error = - 4 mm

width
6mm

7mm

10mm 12mm

16mm

To evaluate the inaccuracy (how sever the situation is) we

measure how much the errors differ from expected value
Proprietary and Confidential

Giving bigger differences more weight than smaller

differences
Quantity

Error = 0 mm

+ 2 mm = 4
-3 mm = 9
+ 6 mm = 36

- 4 mm = 16

width
6mm 7mm 10mm 12mm

16mm

We convert all errors to absolute values and then we square them

The squared values give bigger differences more weight than smaller differences,
resulting in a more powerful statistics tool:
16cm parts are 36 units away than 2cm parts which are only 4 units away
Proprietary and Confidential

Calculating MSE
Error = 0 mm

Quantity

+ 2 mm = 4
-3 mm = 9
- 4 mm = 16

+ 6 mm = 36
width

To evaluate the total errors, we sum all the squared errors and take the average:
16 + 9 + 0 + 4 + 36 = 65, Average (MSE) = 13
The bigger the errors (differences) >> the bigger MSE becomes

Proprietary and Confidential

Calculating MSE
MSE determines how narrow / wide the Bell is
Quantity

width
10mm
When MSE is very small the Bell shaped histogram is closer to perfect
condition (straight line): errors = ~ 0
Proprietary and Confidential

MSE in digital modulation (Radios)

Let us use QPSK (4QAM)
as an example:

Q
01

QPSK = 2 bits per symbol

2 possible states for I signal
2 possible states for Q signal

= 4 possible states for the

combined signal

The graph shows the expected

values (constellation) of the
received signal (RSL)

Proprietary and Confidential

MSE in digital modulation (Radios)

The black dots represent the
expected values (constellation)
of the received signal (RSL)

Q
01

00
The blue dots represent the
actual RSL

As indicated in the previous

example, we can say that the
bigger the errors are the
harder it becomes for the
receiver to detect & recover the
transmitted signal

Proprietary and Confidential

MSE in digital modulation (Radios)

Q
01

MSE would be the average

errors of e1 + e2 + e3 + e4.

e1
e2

I
e4

When MSE is very small the

actual signal is very close to
the expected signal

Proprietary and Confidential

MSE in digital modulation (Radios)

Q
01

When MSE is too big, the

actual signal (amplitude &
phase) is too far from the
expected signal

e1
e2

I
e4

Proprietary and Confidential

Commissioning with MSE in EMS

When you commission your

radio link, make sure your MSE
is small
Actual values may be read
-34dB to -35dB

Bigger values will result in loss

of signal

Proprietary and Confidential

MSE and ACM

When the errors is too big, we need
a stronger error correction
mechanism (FEC)
Therefore, we reduce the number
of bits per symbol allocated for data
and re-assign the extra bits for
correction instead
For example
256QAM has great capacity but
poor immune to noise
64QAM has less capacity but much
better immune for noise
ACM Adaptive Code Modulation
Proprietary and Confidential

Triggering ACM with MSE

When ACM is enabled, MSE values are analyzed on each side of the link
When MSE degrades or improves, the system applies the required
modulation per radio to maintain service
MSE Down-Threshold

MSE Up-Threshold

8PSK

-16

-19

16QAM

-17

-23

32QAM

-21

-26

64QAM

-24

-29

128QAM

-27

-32

256QAM

-30

-34

512QAM

-32

-37

1024 QAM SFEC

-35

-38

1024 QAM WFEC

-36

-41

2048QAM

-39

Profile

Mod

QPSK

-18

Applicable for both 28/56MHz , 2048 QAM will be supported in 7.9

The values are typical and subject to change in relation to the frequency and RFU
type. For more details please contact your Ceragon representative
Proprietary and Confidential

ACM & MSE: An example

It is easier to observe the hysteresis of changing the ACM profile with
respect to measured MSE.
As you can see, the radio remains @ profile 8 till MSE improves to -38dB:

ACM
Profile

Downgrade
Downgrade

-41
-38
-37
-34

Profile 10

Profile 9

2048 QAM

-39

1024 QAM

Profile 8
1024 QAM

-36

Profile 7
512 QAM

-35

Profile 6
256 QAM

-32

Profile 5
128 QAM

-30

Profile 4
64 QAM

-27

Proprietary and Confidential

-24

Profile 3
32 QAM

MSE

-21

ACM & MSE: An Example

When RF signal degrades and MSE passes the upgrade point (MSE @ red point), ACM will
switch back FASTER to a higher profile (closer to an upgrade point) when MSE improves.
When RF signal degrades and MSE does not pass the upgrade point (green point) ACM
waits till MSE improves to the point of next available upgrade point (takes longer time to
switch back to the higher profile).

ACM
Profile

Profile10

Profile9

Profile8

393635

MSE

Proprietary and Confidential

ACM Benefits

The advantages of IP-20Ns dynamic ACM include:

Maximized spectrum usage
Increased capacity over a given bandwidth
8 to 10 modulation/coding work points (~3 db system gain for each
point change)
Hitless and errorless modulation/coding changes, based on signal
quality
Adaptive Radio Tx Power per modulation for maximal system gain per
working point
An integrated QoS mechanism that enables intelligent congestion
management to ensure that high priority traffic is not affected during
link fading

Proprietary and Confidential

ACM and 1+1HSB

When ACM is activated together with 1+1 HSB protection, it is

essential to feed the active RFU via the main channel of the coupler
(lossless channel), and to feed the standby RFU via the secondary
channel of the coupler (-6db attenuated channel). This maximizes
system gain and optimizes ACM behavior for the following reasons:
In the TX direction, the power will experience minimal attenuation.
In the RX direction, the received signal will be minimally attenuated.
Thus, the receiver will be able to lock on a higher ACM profile
(according to what is dictated by the RF channel conditions).
The following ACM behavior should be expected in a 1+1 or 2+2
configuration:
In the TX direction, the Active TX will follow the remote Active RX ACM
requests (according to the remote Active Rx MSE performance).
The Standby TX might have the same profile as the Active TX, or might
stay at the lowest profile (profile-0). That depends on whether the
Standby TX was able to follow the remote RX Active units ACM
requests (only the active remote RX sends ACM request messages).
In the RX direction, both the active and the standby carriers follow the
remote Active TX profile (which is the only active transmitter).

Proprietary and Confidential

Thank You

100

Radio Link Parameters

October 2014
Version 3

Agenda
MRMC
TX & RX Frequencies
Link ID
RSL
MSE
Current ACM Profile

Proprietary and Confidential

101

High and Low frequency station

Tx(f1)=11500 MHz

Rx(f1)=11500 MHz

Full duplex

Local site
High station

Remote site
Low station
Tx(f1)=11000 MHz

Rx(f1)=11000 MHz

High station means: Tx(f1) >Rx(f1)

Low station means: Tx(f1) < Rx(f1)

Proprietary and Confidential

Radio Link Parameters

TSL

IDU

ODU

))

RSL

ODU

IDU

To Establish a radio link, we need configure following parameters:

1. MRMC Modem scripts (ACM or fixed capacity, channel & modulation)
2. TX / RX frequencies set on every radio
3. Link ID must be the same on both ends
4. Max. TSL Max. allowed Transmission Signal [dBm]
5. Unmute Transceiver Transceiver is by default muted (is not transmitting)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------To verify a radio link, we need control following parameters:
1. RSL Received Signal Level [dBm] nominal input level is required
2. MSE- Mean Square Error [dB]
3. Current ACM profile

Proprietary and Confidential

102

MRMC Multi Rate Multi Coding Profiles

Modulation

RFUCwithRMCA

RFUCPremiumwith
RMCB

QPSK

Profile 0

8QAM

Profile 1

16QAM

Profile 2

32QAM

Profile 3

64QAM

Profile 4

128QAM

Profile 5

256QAM(strongFEC)

Profile 6

N/A

256QAM(weakFEC)

Profile 7

Profile 6

512QAM

N/A

Profile 7

1024QAM (StrongFEC)

N/A

Profile 8

1024QAM (LightFEC)

N/A

Profile9

Proprietary and Confidential

MRMC Scripts 1st step

N normal script
X XPIC script

ChangingscriptautomaticallyresetsdedicatedRMCcard
Proprietary and Confidential

103

Radio Parameters settings

2nd step

4th step
5th step
3th step

Proprietary and Confidential

LINK ID Antenna Alignment Process

To avoid pointing the antenna to a wrong direction (when both links share the same
frequency), LINK ID can be used to alert when such action is take.

# 101
# 101

# 102
# 101
Link ID Mismatch

Proprietary and Confidential

104

Link ID
Mismatch

LINK ID Antenna Alignment Process

Both IDUs of the same link must use the same Link ID
Otherwise, Link ID Mismatch alarm will appear in Current Alarms Window

# 101
# 101

# 102
# 101
Link ID Mismatch

Proprietary and Confidential

Questions?

Proprietary and Confidential

105

Link ID
Mismatch

Radio Link Setup Exercise

Proprietary and Confidential

Thank You

106

Automatic Transmit Power Control - ATPC

October 2014
Version 1

Agenda
Why ATPC?
How does ATPC works?
ATPC Vs. MTPC
ATPC Configuration

Proprietary and Confidential

107

ATPC Automatic Transmit Power Control

The quality of radio communication between low Power devices varies
significantly with time and environment.
This phenomenon indicates that static transmission power, transmission range,
and link quality, might not be effective in the physical world.

Static transmission set to max. may reduce lifetime of Transmitter

Side-lobes may affect nearby Receivers (image)
Main Lobe

Side Lobe

Proprietary and Confidential

ATPC Automatic Transmit Power Control

1. Enable ATPC on both sites
2. Set Input reference level (min. possible RSL to maintain the radio link)
3. ATPC on both ends establish a Feedback Channel through the radio link (1byte)
4. Transmitters will reduce Output power to the min. possible level
5. Power reduction stops when RSL in remote receiver reaches Ref. input level
6. ATPC is strongly recommended with XPIC configuration

TSL Adjustments

ATPC
module

Monitored RSL

Radio
Transceiver

Radio

Radio
Receiver

Feedback

Site A

Radio
Receiver
Signal
Quality
Check

Proprietary and Confidential

108

Ref. RSL

RSL
required
change
Site B

ATPC Example when ATPC is OFF

Site A

FSL= -60 dB

Site B

MTPC

TSL A = 30dBm
RSL A = ?

TSL B = 30dBm
RSL B = ?

RSL A = -30dBm (TSL B + FSL)

RSL B = -30dBm (TSL A + FSL)

Proprietary and Confidential

ATPC Example when ATPC is ON (One site ATPC, second site MTPC)

Site A

FSL= -60 dB

Site B

ATPC
IRLB (Input Ref. level on Site B) = -50dBm

MTPC

TSL A = ?
RSL A = ?

TSL B = 30dBm
RSL B =?

TSL A = 10dBm (IRLB-FSL)

RSL B = -50dBm (TSL A + FSL)

RSL A = -30dBm (TSL B + FSL)

You want -50dBm on Site B, so what is TXA in Site A?
Proprietary and Confidential

109

ATPC Example when ATPC is ON (ATPC on both sites)

Site A

FSL= -60 dB

Site B

ATPC
IRLB (Input Ref. level on Site B) = -50dBm

ATPC
IRLA (Input Ref. level on Site A) = -50dBm

TSL A = ?
RSL A = ?

TSL B = ?
RSL B = ?

TSL A = 10dBm (IRLB - FSL)

TSL B = 10dBm (IRLA-FSL)

RSL A = -50dBm (TSLB + FSL)

RSL B = -50dBm (TSL A + FSL)

Proprietary and Confidential

ATPC Example when ATPC is ON (ATPC on both sites), ATPC range

Max TSL is 30dBm
ATPC range is 20dB

Site A

Max TSL is 30dBm

ATPC range is 20dB

FSL= -60 dB

Site B

ATPC
IRLB (Input Ref. level on Site B) = -60dBm

ATPC
IRLA (Input Ref. level on Site A) = -50dBm

TSL A = ?
RSL A = ?

TSL B = ?
RSL B = ?

TSL A = 10dBm (IRLB-FSL)

TSL B = 10dBm (IRLA - FSL)

RSL A = -50dBm (TSL B + FSL)

RSL B = -50dBm (TSL A + FSL)

RSL B is -50dBm because typical ATPC range for TX level is 20dB (depend on RFU type)!!!
It means that TSL A cant be 0dBm because possible min is 10dBm (Max is 30dBm)
Proprietary and Confidential

110

ATPC Configuration

Proprietary and Confidential

Thank You

111

Thispagewasintentionallyleftblank.

112

IP- 20N XPIC Configuration

November 2014
Version 3

Agenda

System Spectrum Utilization

ACAP
ACCP
CCDP

Co-channel System
IP-20N & XPIC
XPIC Recovery mechanism
XPIC Settings

Proprietary and Confidential

113

System Spectrum Utilization

5
4

7
6

9
8

ACAP (Adjacent Channel Alternating Pol.)

ACCP (Adjacent Channel Common Pol.)

V
H

CCDP (Co-Channel Dual Polarisation)

Proprietary and Confidential

CCDP frequency plan

V
H

Vertical and Horizontal Polarization are using the same frequency

Proprietary and Confidential

114

1
2

Co-channel Systems

The XPIC improvement factor is typically 26 dB.

Two channels are using the same frequency but different polarization

RMC-B and XPIC script is required

The XPIC mechanism utilizes the received signals from the V and H modems to extract the V and H signals
and cancel the cross polarization interference due to physical signal leakage between V and H polarizations.

The H+v signal is the combination of the desired signal H (horizontal) and the interfering signal V (in lower
case, to denote that it is the interfering signal). The same happens with the vertical (V) signal reception=
V+h. The XPIC mechanism uses the received signals from both feeds and, manipulates them to produce the
desired data

IP-20Ns XPIC reaches a BER of 10e-6 at a co-channel sensitivity of 5 dB. The improvement factor in an
XPIC system is defined as the SNR@threshold of 10e-6, with or without the XPIC mechanism.
Proprietary and Confidential

Conditions for XPIC

XPIC is enabled by selecting an XPIC script for each carrier.
In order for XPIC to be operational, all the following conditions must be met:
The RMCs must be RMC-B
Communications with the RFU are established in both RMCs.
RFU type must be the same for both carriers.
The frequency of both radios should be equal.
The same script must be loaded in both RMCs.
The script must support XPIC
If any of these conditions is not met, an alarm will alert the user. In
addition, events will inform the user which conditions are not met.

Proprietary and Confidential

115

RSL Vs. Threshold for system without CCDP

RSL (dBm)

BER>10-6

-20
-30

Nominal Input Level

Fading Margin = 43dB

-73

Threshold level BER=10-6

BER>10-6

S/N=23dB for 128QAM (37 MHz)

Receiver amplifies thermal noise

-96

K Boltzmann constant
T Temperature in Kelvin
B Bandwidth

-99

Thermal Noise=10*log(k*T*B*1000)

Time (s)
Proprietary and Confidential

RSL Vs. Threshold for CCDP system without XPIC

RSL (dBm)

BER>10-6

-20
-30

Nominal Input Level H

Fading Margin = 17dB

Threshold level because of interference without XPIC
BER=10-6

-47
BER>10-6

S/N=23dB for 128QAM (37 MHz)

Interference level in H (interference from V,
separation between H & V with very good antenna is
35dB)

-65
-73

Interference
Threshold level without interference BER=10-6

-96
-99

Time (s)
Proprietary and Confidential

116

RSL Vs. Threshold for CCDP system with XPIC

RSL (dBm)

BER>10-6

-20
-30

Nominal Input Level H

Fading Margin = 38 dB

BER>10-6
Interference level in H (interference from V, when
XPIC is not enabled

XPIC will
improve
interference
for extra
26dB

-65
-68
-73

Threshold level when XPIC is ON

Original Threshold level without CCDP and XPIC

S/N=23dB for 128QAM (37 MHz) configuration

Interference level in H (interference from V, when
XPIC is enabled

-91

Interference level

Time (s)

Proprietary and Confidential

Conditions for XPIC

XPIC

XPIC is enabled by loading an XPIC

script to the radio in the IDU.
In order for XPIC to be operational,
all the following conditions must be
met:
Communications with the RFU are
established in both RMCs:
An RFU must be connected to each
RMC
The frequency of both radios should
be equal.

The same script must be loaded in

both RMCs.

If any of these conditions is not met,

an alarm will alert the user. In
addition, events will inform the user
which conditions are not met.

Proprietary and Confidential

117

XPIC Recovery Mechanism

The purpose of the XPIC recovery mechanism is to save the working link while
attempting to recover the faulty polarization.

The mechanism works as follows:

The indication that the recovery mechanism has been activated is a loss of
modem preamble lock, which takes place at SNR~10dB.
The first action taken by the recovery mechanism is to cause the remote
transmitter of the faulty carrier to mute, thus eliminating the disturbing signal and
saving the working link.
Following this, the mechanism attempts at intervals to recover the failed link. In
order to do so, it takes the following actions:
The remote transmitter is un-muted for a brief period.
The recovery mechanism probes the link to find out if it has recovered. If not,
it again mutes the remote transmitter.
This action is repeated in exponentially larger intervals. This is meant to
quickly bring up both channels in case of a brief channel fade, without
seriously affecting the working link if the problem has been caused by a
hardware failure.
The number of recovery attempts is user-configurable

Every such recovery attempt will cause a brief traffic hit in the working
link.
Proprietary and Confidential

Recommendations
It is recommended to place the same type of cards in adjacent pairs, as follows:

Slots 3 and 4
Slots 5 and 6
Slots 7 and 8 (2RU only)
Slots 9 and 10 (2RU only)

The reason for this is that for certain features, connectivity is supported in the backplane
between these slot pairs
For example 2+2 HSB SD configuration with XPIC:

1+1 or 2+2 are supported in release 7.9

Proprietary and Confidential

118

MRMC selection

X means XPIC script

N Normal script

Proprietary and Confidential

XPIC settings

Proprietary and Confidential

119

Thank you

120

Service Model in IP-20

November 2014
Version 5

Agenda
IP-20 Ethernet Capabilities
Service Model in General

What is a Service ?
What is a Service point?

Services in IP-20 Family & Services attributes

1.
2.
3.

Point to Point Service

Multipoint Service
Management Service

Service Point in IP-20 Family

1.
2.
3.
4.

Pipe Service Point

Service Access Point (SAP)
Service Network Point (SNP)
Management Service Point (MNG)

Service Points classification and attributes

Examples for Services and Service points
Logical VS. Physical Port
Proprietary and Confidential

121

IP-20s Ethernet Capabilities

Up to 1024 services (1025 reserved for Management)
Up to 32 service points per service (30 SPs for MNG service)
All service types:

Multipoint (E-LAN)
Point-to-Point (E-Line)
Point-to-Multipoint (E-Tree)
Smart Pipe
Management
128K MAC learning table per service - ability to limit MAC learning per
service
Split horizon between service points
Flexible transport and encapsulation via 802.1q, 802.1ad (Q-in-Q), and
MPLS-TP, with tag manipulation possible at egress
High precision, flexible frame synchronization solution combining SyncE
and 1588v2
Hierarchical QoS with 8K service level queues, deep buffering, hierarchical
scheduling via WFQ and Strict priority, and shaping at each level

Proprietary and Confidential

IP-20s Ethernet Capabilities

Hierarchical two-rate three-Color policers

Port based Unicast, Multicast, Broadcast, Ethertype

Service-based
CoS-based
Up to four link aggregation groups (LAG)
Hashing based on L2, L3, MPLS, and L4
Enhanced <50msec network level resiliency (G.8032) for ring/mesh support
IP-20 is fully MEF-9 and MEF-14 certified for all Carrier Ethernet services.

Proprietary and Confidential

122

Service model in General

What is a Service?
A virtual bridge, connecting two or more interfaces
Bridge is a device that separates two or more network segments
within one logical network

Interfaces are usually referred to physical ports but can also be logical
ports

Proprietary and Confidential

123

Service Model

Service#1

Service#2

Proprietary and Confidential

Service points
Service points are logical entities attached to the interfaces that make up the
service. Service points define the movement of frames through the service.
Without service points, a service is simply a virtual bridge with no ingress or
egress interfaces.

Rails are second service point

towards the bridge

The Route is your first service point

towards the bridge

Proprietary and Confidential

124

What is a service point?

Service#1

Service#2

4
SP

Proprietary and Confidential

Services in IP-20 Family

125

IP-20 Services
IP20N supports the following services types:
1. Point-to-Point Service (P2P)
2. Multipoint Service (MP)
3. Management Service (MNG)
4. Point-to-Multipoint Service (E-Tree)

E-Tree services are planned for future release.

Proprietary and Confidential

Point to Point Service (P2P)

Point-to-point services are used to provide connectivity between two
interfaces of the network element.
When traffic ingresses via one side of the service, it is immediately directed
to the other side according to ingress and egress tunneling rules.
This type of service contains exactly two service points and does not require
MAC address-based learning or forwarding

PIPE

PIPE
SAP

SAP

Proprietary and Confidential

126

Multipoint Service (MP)

Multipoint services are used to provide connectivity between two or more service points.
When traffic ingresses via one service point, it is directed to one of the service points in the
service, other than the ingress service point, according to ingress and egress tunneling rules, and
based on the learning and forwarding mechanism.
If the destination MAC address is not known by the learning and forwarding mechanism, the
arriving frame is flooded to all the other service points in the service except the ingress service
point.

1
SAP

SNP

2
SAP

SNP

Proprietary and Confidential

Management Service (MNG)

Traffic ports TCC

Management ports TCC

The management service is a multipoint service that connects the two local
management ports, the network element host CPU, and the traffic ports into a single
service. The service behavior is same as the Multipoint service behavior.
The management service is pre-defined with Service ID 1025.

CPU
1
4
2

SAP

SNP

Service ID 1025
2

Proprietary and Confidential

127

Service Attributes

Service ID - 1 - 1024

Service Type P2P, MP, MNG

Service Admin Mode Operational, Reserved

EVC-ID - Ethernet Virtual Connection ID (End-to-end).

EVC Description

Maximum Dynamic MAC Address Learning per Service

Static MAC Address Configuration

CoS Mode & Default CoS

xSTP Instance The spanning tree instance ID (1-63)

Split Horizon Group - (Enable/Disable)

Proprietary and Confidential

IP-20 Service Points

128

Service points

SAP
SNP
Pipe Service Point
Management Service Point

Proprietary and Confidential

Service Access Port SAP & Service Network Point SNP

Proprietary and Confidential

129

Service Access Port SAP & Service Network Point SNP

Proprietary and Confidential

Management (MNG) Service Point

Only used for management services

Proprietary and Confidential

130

Pipe Service Points

Pipe Service Point Used to create traffic connectivity between two
points in a port-based manner (Smart Pipe). In other words, all the
traffic from one port passes to the other port. Pipe service points are
used in Point-to-Point services

PIPE
SAP

Proprietary and Confidential

Service points classification

131

PIPE
SAP

Service Point Interface Types

InterfaceType

Typesof Frames

AppliestoSPType

Dot1q

AsingleCVLANisclassifiedintotheservice
point

All

Stag

AsingleSVLANisclassifiedintotheservice
point

SNPandMNG

BundleC

AsetofCVLANsisclassifiedintotheservice
point

SAP

BundleS

AsingleSVLANandaset ofCVLANare
classifiedintotheservicepoint

SAP

AlltoOne

AllCVLANs,SVLANswithTPIDdiffthanthe
systemone anduntaggedframesthatenter
theinterfaceareclassifiedintotheservice
point

SAP

QinQ

AsingleSVLANandCVLANcombinationis
classifiedintotheservicepoint

SAPandMNG

Proprietary and Confidential

Service Points

Service

Proprietary and Confidential

132

Service

Proprietary and Confidential

Service Point Types that can Co-Exist on the Same Interface

Service point Types per Service Type
Service point type

Service Type

Management

MNG

SAP

SNP

Pipe

Yes

Point-to-Point

Yes

Multipoint

Yes

Service Point Types that can Co-Exist on the Same Interface

MNG SP

SAP SP

SNP SP

Pipe SP

MNG SP

Only one MNG SP is

allowed per interface.

Yes

SAP SP

Yes

SNP SP

Yes

PIPE SP

Yes

Only one Pipe SP is

allowed per interface.

Proprietary and Confidential

133

Service Point Types that can Co-Exist on the Same Interface

Proprietary and Confidential

Example of dot1q services

TheclassificationtoPtP1andPtP2isbased
ononecvlan.
PtP 1usessamecvlan astheclassification
atbothends
PtP 2usesdifferentcvlan asthe
classificationatbothends.
PtP1 andPtP2usesthetransportvlan
insidethenetwork.Theoriginalcvlan is
notsentinsidethenetwork.
CVlan
SAP3

SAP3

ptp 1
SAP1

CVlan
10

SAP1

SAP2

CVlan
SAP4

SAP2

120

ptp 2

TransportVlan

EVC

100

ptp1

200

ptp2

Proprietary and Confidential

134

SAP
SNP

SAP4

Example of bundle services

TheclassificationtoPtP1andPtP2isbased
onseveralcvlans.
PtP1 andPtP2usesthetransportvlan
insidethenetwork.Theoriginalcvlan is
preservedandsentinsidethenetwork.

CVlan
SAP3

10,11

SAP3

ptp 1
CVlan

SAP1

10,11

SAP1

20,21

SAP2

CVlan
SAP4

SAP2

20,21

SAP4

ptp 2

TransportVlan

EVC

100

ptp1

200

ptp2

SAP
SNP

Proprietary and Confidential

Example of Q-in-Q services

TheclassificationtoPtP1andPtP2isbased
onapairofcvlan andsvlan.
PtP1 andPtP2usesthetransportvlan
insidethenetwork.Theoriginalcvlan and
svlan isnotsentinsidethenetwork.

SAP3

SVlan

CVlan

230

SAP3

ptp 1
SAP1

SAP4

SAP2

SVlan

CVlan

340

320

ptp 2

SVlan

CVlan

230

SAP1

240

SAP2

TransportVlan

EVC

100

ptp1

200

ptp2

SAP
SNP
Proprietary and Confidential

135

SAP4

Service points Attributes

Service Point Attributes

As described above, traffic ingresses and egresses the service via service
points. The service point attributes are divided into two types:
Ingress Attributes Define how frames are handled upon ingress, e.g.,
policing and MAC address learning.
Egress Attributes Define how frames are handled upon egress, e.g.,
preservation of the ingress CoS value upon egress, VLAN swapping.

Proprietary and Confidential

136

Service Point Attributes

General

Ingress

Egress

ServicePointID

LearningAdmin

CVLANCoS Preservation

Service PointName

AllowFlooding

CVLAN Preservation

ServicePointType

AllowBroadcast

SVLANCoS Preservation

Interface

CoS Mode

MarkingAdmin

InterfaceType

DefaultCoS

ServiceBundle ID

CVLANEncapsulation
SVLANEncapsulation

Proprietary and Confidential

Service Point General Attributes

General

Service Point ID number for service point inside

the same service

Service Point Name The Name for service point

if is needed
ServicePointID
Service PointName
ServicePointType
Interface
InterfaceType

Service Point Type- SAP, SNP, MNG, PIPE

Interface - The logical interface on which the
service point is located

Interface Type Dot1q, S-Tag, Bundle-C, BundleS, All-to-One, Q-in-Q

C-Vlan Encapsulation - The C-VLAN classified

CVLANEncapsulation
SVLANEncapsulation

into the service point

S-Vlan Encapsulation - The S-VLAN classified
into the service point

Proprietary and Confidential

137

Service Point Ingress Attribute

Learning Admin - Indicates whether MAC
Ingress

LearningAdmin

address learning is enabled or disabled

Allow Flooding - Indicates whether incoming

AllowFlooding
AllowBroadcast

CoS Mode
DefaultCoS

frames with unknown MAC addresses are

forwarded to other service points via flooding
Allow Broadcast - Indicates whether frames with
a broadcast destination MAC address are allowed
to ingress the service via this service point
CoS Mode - Indicates how the service point
handles the CoS of frames that pass through the
service point.
Default CoS The service point CoS. If the CoS
Mode is set to overwrite the CoS decision made at
the interface level, this is the CoS value assigned
to frames that ingress the service point.

Proprietary and Confidential

Service Point Egress Attribute

C-Vlan CoS Preservation - Indicates whether the
Egress

CVLANCoS Preservation
CVLAN Preservation

SVLANCoS Preservation
MarkingAdmin
ServiceBundle ID

original C-VLAN CoS value is preserved or

restored for frames egressing from the service
point
C-Vlan Preservation - Indicates whether the
original C-VLAN ID is preserved or restored for
frames egressing from the service point
S-Vlan CoS Preservation - Indicates whether the
original S-VLAN CoS value is preserved or
restored for frames egressing from the service
point
Marking Admin - Indicates whether re-marking of
the outer VLAN (C-VLAN or S-VLAN) of tagged
frames that pass through the service point is
enabled
Service Bundle ID - This can be used to assign
one of the available service bundles from the HQoS hierarchy queues to the service point
Proprietary and Confidential

138

Ethernet Service Points GUI

General

ServicePointID
Service PointName
ServicePointType
Interface
InterfaceType
CVLANEncapsulation
SVLANEncapsulation
Ingress

LearningAdmin
AllowFlooding
AllowBroadcast
CoS Mode
DefaultCoS
Egress

CVLANCoS Preservation
CVLAN Preservation
SVLANCoS Preservation
MarkingAdmin
ServiceBundle ID

Proprietary and Confidential

Logical Vs. Physical Interface

139

Logical and physical interface

Proprietary and Confidential

Service Demo

140

The Setup
IP-20

IP-20C

Proprietary and Confidential

Creating the Service

Proprietary and Confidential

141

Attaching Service Points

Proprietary and Confidential

Attaching Service Points

Proprietary and Confidential

142

Attaching Service Points

Proprietary and Confidential

Questions?

Proprietary and Confidential

143

Thank You

144

Protection System Configuration

November 2014
Version 4

Agenda
What is Protection?
General Guidelines
HSB Configuration in general principals
BBS Space Diversity
1+1 HSB Configuration
2+2 HSB ABC Configuration
2+2 HSB XPIC Configuration

Proprietary and Confidential

145

Different types of protections systems

Proprietary and Confidential

What is Protection?
A method of using one or more devices in a standby mode in order to
have a secondary link up when failure occurred to the active link

In order to achieve a full protected link each and every device should
be protected

The number of multiplied devices depends on the link importance

The process of keeping (something or someone) safe

Wikipedia.com

Everybody needs Protection

Proprietary and Confidential

146

Hot standby in general

1
Ch1
Main

Ch1
Main

In case of ch1 failure, will be traffic

switched to Protection channel

1
1
Protection

Protection

1
HSB system is using same frequency for Main and Standby channel (f1 & f1)
HSB system is typically 1+1
Protection channel is internally muted. Just in case Main channel failure will be Protection channel Unmuted.
Space diversity with baseband switching is based on HSB system (selection of better input level)

In Hot Standby mode only one transmitter is active, the other transmitter is standby. Both receivers are active
and hitless switching is performed. The TX- and RX- switching at a terminal normally operates independently,
but they may be configured to operate together.

Proprietary and Confidential

HSB Protection

IP-20N offers radio redundancy via the RMCs, which can be configured in 1+1 Hot
Standby (HSB) pairs.
1+1 HSB protection provides full protection in the event of RMC or RFU failure.
Each RMC in a protected pair reports its status to the TCC. The TCC is responsible
for determining when a switchover takes place.
In a 1+1 HSB configuration:
The RMCs must have the same configuration.
The RFUs must be the same type and must have the same configuration.

Proprietary and Confidential

147

HSB Protection Revertive mode

In an HSB protection scheme, the active and standby radios are usually
connected to the antenna with a coupler.

This causes a -6dB loss on the secondary path on each side of the link,
resulting in a 12dB increase in the total path loss for the link.

This additional path loss will either reduce the links fade margin or increase

the power consumption of the Power Amplifier (PA) in order to compensate

for the additional path loss.
The system monitors the availability of the primary path at all times.
Whenever the primary path is operational and available, without any alarms,
but the secondary path is active, the system initiates a revertive protection
switch. Every revertive protection switch is recorded as an event in the
event log.
EACH PROTECTION SWITCH CAUSES TRAFFIC DISRUPTION!!!

Proprietary and Confidential

Switchover Triggers
The following events trigger switchover for 1+1 HSB protection according to
their priority, with the highest priority triggers listed first.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Card missing
Lockout
Force switch
Traffic failures
Manual switch

Proprietary and Confidential

148

ACM and 1+1HSB

When ACM is activated together with 1+1 HSB protection, it is

Proprietary and Confidential

General Guidelines
A Standby RMC is referred to as the Mate RMC
When a switchover occurs, the Active RMC becomes Standby and
the Standby RMC becomes Active

It is possible for maintenance reason to lock current status

Proprietary and Confidential

149

1+1HSB Configuration

1+1 HSB Configuration

1+1 HSB supported only by TCC-B

1+1 HSB SD supported only by TCC-B-MC

Select Member 2

Select Member 1
We support up to 4 Protection Groups

Summary
Submit

Proprietary and Confidential

150

Copy to Mate

1. Configure first (Main) radio link (MRMC, Freq., Link ID)

2. Select Copy to mate source radio location (In this case 1st link)

Proprietary and Confidential

HSB Exercise

Create 1+1 HSB link

Disconnect one of the RFUs, make sure the link switched
Reconnect the RFU
Set manual switching

Proprietary and Confidential

151

Multi-Carrier ABC 2+2 HSB Configuration

Multi Carrier ABC 2+2 HSB

1- Cards configuration
TCC-B-MC and RMC-B is required check Platform/Management/Inventory

Add needed cards Platform/Shelf Management/Chassis Configuration/Enable them

HSB 1

HSB 2

Proprietary and Confidential

152

Multi Carrier ABC 2+2 HSB

2 - MC-ABC pre-configuration
1. Enable CMR via CLI per each slot belongs to ABC group (slot 3,4,7,8)
root> platform shelf-manager abc mode admin set slot 3 state enable
2. Configure Multi Carrier ABC group. Create Group 1, use any name (2+2 HSB), press
Finish Submit (not next)
3. Edit created group and Enable protection
4. You are not able to add any members because they havent been created yet.

3
2
!!!

Proprietary and Confidential

Multi Carrier ABC 2+2 HSB

3 - Protection Groups

Create Protection Group #1 (slot 3 &7) and Protection Group #2 (slot 4 & 8)

1+1 HSB is used only for TCC-B

1+1 HSB SD is used only for TCC-B-MC

Slot 7

Slot 8

Slot 3

Slot 4

Note: If configuration will failed, please enable CMR for each radio slot in CLI:
root>platform shelf-manager abc mode admin set slot 3 state enable

Proprietary and Confidential

153

Multi Carrier ABC 2+2 HSB

4 - Protection Groups

Configure 1st link slot 3 (MRMC, freq., Link ID)

Copy to mate slot 3 will be source radio, it means that whole configuration (MRMC,
freq., link ID) will be copied to slot 7.
Configure 2nd link slot 4 (MRMC, freq., Link ID)
Copy to mate slot 4 will be source radio, it means that whole configuration (MRMC,
freq., link ID) will be copied to slot 8.
2+2 HSB is now ready!!! (but we need add members for ABC)

Slot 7

Slot 8

Slot 3

Slot 4

Proprietary and Confidential

Multi Carrier ABC 2+2 HSB

5- MC ABC Configuration Adding members
1.
2.
3.
4.

Add Protection Group #1 & Protection Group #2 into ABC

Check if Members PG1 & PG2 are enabled
Check if in MUX Configuration is Enabled ABC MUX Number 1
Check Interface Manager if Multi Carrier ABC Group #1 is UP

5. Chassis Configuration Change operation status per each ABC slot to Enable

Proprietary and Confidential

154

Multi-Carrier ABC 2+2 HSB XPIC

Configuration

Video link: https://app.box.com/s/r60ek2xse43o94phhgt6

Multi Carrier ABC 2+2 HSB XPIC

1- Cards configuration

TCC-B-MC and RMC-B is required check Platform/Management/Inventory

Add needed cards Platform/Shelf Management/Chassis Configuration/Enable them

HSB 1 XPIC 2 HSB 2

XPIC 1

V
H

Proprietary and Confidential

155

Multi Carrier ABC 2+2 HSB XPIC

3
2
!!!

Proprietary and Confidential

Multi Carrier ABC 2+2 HSB XPIC

3 - Protection Groups

Create Protection Group #1 (slot 3 &7) and Protection Group #2 (slot 4 & 8)

1+1 HSB is used only for TCC-B

1+1 HSB SD is used only for TCC-B-MC

Slot 7

Slot 8

Slot 3

Slot 4

Note: If configuration will failed, please enable CMR for each radio slot in CLI:
root>platform shelf-manager abc mode admin set slot 3 state enable

Proprietary and Confidential

156

Multi Carrier ABC 2+2 HSB XPIC

4 - Protection Groups

Configure 1st link slot 3 (MRMC, freq., Link ID)

Slot 7

Slot 8

Slot 3

Slot 4

Proprietary and Confidential

Multi Carrier ABC 2+2 HSB XPIC

5- XPIC Groups configuration

Create XPIC Group # 1 (slot 3 + slot 4)

Create XPIC Group # 2 (slot 7 + slot 8)
Enable XPIC Group #1 & # 2

Slot 7

Slot 8

Slot 3

Slot 4

Proprietary and Confidential

157

Multi Carrier ABC 2+2 HSB XPIC

6 MC ABC Group Configuration Adding members
1.
2.
3.
4.

Add Protection Group #1 & Protection Group #2 into ABC

Check if Members PG1 & PG2 are enabled
Check if in MUX Configuration is Enabled ABC MUX Number 1
Check Interface Manager if Multi Carrier ABC Group #1 is UP

5. Chassis Configuration Change operation status per each ABC slot to Enable

Proprietary and Confidential

Thank You

158

Multi Carrier Adaptive Bandwidth Control

MC-ABC

November 2014
Version 4

Agenda
Multi-channel ABC in general
Multi Carrier ABC engine
Multi Carrier ABC & ACM
Hybrid Multi-Carrier ABC Concept
Multi-Carrier ABC 2+0 Configuration
Multi-Carrier ABC 8+0 Configuration
2+0 MC-ABC Configuration with STM-1 Clear channel
Multi-Carrier ABC 2+2 HSB Configuration
Multi-Carrier ABC 2+2 HSB XPIC Configuration
Proprietary and Confidential

159

Multi-carrier Adaptive Bandwidth Control (ABC)

Multi-channel Adaptive Bandwidth Control-ABC is the unique technology for traffic distribution over several

The Multi-channel ABC dynamically adjusts the total link capacity depending on the number of channels and

The traffic from the Ethernet WAN port is distributed to all available RF channels in a round robin fashion,

RF carriers.

their available capacities to provide the highest throughput at any time.

independent of packet sizes and flows. This results in a single high-capacity Ethernet link, with a high level of
resilience and efficiency.

If an RF-channel fails, the overall throughput will drop, but the remaining capacity will be fully utilized. The
QoS scheduler ensures that high priority traffic is transmitted unaffected, while low priority traffic may be
dropped if the link becomes congested.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zBVL1Ac9xJU
Proprietary and Confidential

Multi Carrier ABC

Multi Carrier ABC and BBS with SD require RMC-B and TCC-B-MC.
Multi-Carrier Adaptive Bandwidth Control (ABC) is an innovative technology that
creates logical bundles of multiple radio links and optimizes them for wireless
backhaul applications.
Multi-Carrier ABC enables separate radio carriers to be shared by a single Ethernet
port.
This provides an Ethernet link over the radio with multiple capacities, while still
behaving as a single Ethernet interface.
In Multi-Carrier ABC mode, traffic is divided among the carriers optimally at the radio
frame level without requiring Ethernet link aggregation (LAG).
Load balancing is performed without regard to the number of MAC addresses or the
number of traffic flows.
During fading events which cause ACM modulation changes, each carrier fluctuates
independently with hitless switchovers between modulations, increasing capacity
over a given bandwidth and maximizing spectrum utilization.
The result is 100% utilization of radio resources in which traffic load is balanced
based on instantaneous radio capacity per carrier.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zBVL1Ac9xJU
Proprietary and Confidential

160

Multi-Carrier ABC Traffic Flow

TCC
Service Engine
Ethernet Interface

Eth LIC

RMC-B

Ethernet Interface

Network Processor
IF

Ethernet Interface

RMC-B

Hybrid
Multicarrier ABC
Engine

PW
E1
Srv

TDM
LIC

TDM Crossconnect
E1 Services
PW
E1
Srv

RMC-B

TDM
LIC

E1/CH-STM-1

STM-1/
RST LIC

STM-1RST

STM-1/
RST LIC

STM-1RST

STM-1/
RST LIC

STM-1RST

Proprietary and Confidential

Multi- Carrier ABC Operation

The MC-ABC engine divides the data flows into blocks of data. Each

radio carrier is assigned blocks at a rate which is based on the ACM

profile of the carrier. Once the ACM profile of a carrier changes, the
rate at which the data blocks are delivered to this carrier changes. The
higher the ACM profile of a certain carrier, the higher the block rate
assigned to this carrier.
On the receiving side of the link, all blocks are synchronized, meaning
that blocks are delayed based on the last arriving block. The latency of
the aggregated data flow is determined by the slowest arriving block.
A low ACM profile means more latency compared to a higher ACM
profile. When all channels run the same radio script, the latency
variation for the aggregated data stream is determined by the latency
variation of one radio channel. This latency variation is slightly more
complicated to predict when the radio carriers runs at different radio
scripts, since each radio script has a unique delay distribution. MultiCarrier ABC can tolerate a large delay variance between the slowest
and the fastest arriving blocks.

Proprietary and Confidential

161

MC-ABC & ACM

Multi-Carrier ABC automatically adapts to capacity changes that result
from changes in the current ACM profile.

When an ACM profile change takes place on a specific carrier, MCABC responds by changing the block size of that channel.

The process of changing the block size is performed dynamically and

is hitless.

Since the ACM profile changes are also hitless, the overall MultiCarrier ABC traffic is hitless.

Proprietary and Confidential

Multi-Carrier ABC engine

ABC Engine
1Gbps connection for
Ethernet and TDM

Clear STM-1 channels

Network
Processor
1xUpto8+0MCABC(Upto1Gbps)
1+1/2+2MCABC/HSB(Upto1Gbps)
MixedNx1+0/1+1&1xABC(4+0)
Ethernet ports

Channelized STM-1 or E1/DS1

Proprietary and Confidential

162

Multi-carrier ABC

2. Unusedprotectionchannelfor
asinglecarrierfailure

Radio

STM1#N

Ethernet
Traffic

ABC engine

STM1
#2

4. MulticarrierABCworkssolely
onEthernetcarriers

Unused
channel

STM1
#1

3. ExcessEthernettrafficmaybe
addedtoSDHcarriers
(providedthereisexcess
bandwidth)

Radio

1. Dedicatedcarrierforeach
STM1

Protection
Radio

In the past: N+1 protection

L2 switch

SimpleandPowerfulTrafficAllocation TDM&Ethernet
Proprietary and Confidential

Hybrid Multi-Carrier ABC Concept

Creating Logical Groups

3. Nochannelisleftunused full
utilizationofavailable
bandwidth

1 2

6. Flexiblechoiceofmodulation
(lowermodulation higher
sys.gain)

Ethernet
Traffic

5. Protectsagainstmultiple
carrierfailures

STM1#N

STM1
#2

ABC Engine
STM1
#1

4. Incaseofchannelfailureor
degradation,SDHtrafficis
alwaysprioritizedover
Ethernettraffic.

1 2

Radio

1 2

Radio

2. SDHtrafficissplit(byteby
byte)betweencarriers,
combinedwithpackettraffic

Radio

1. Allradiocarriersserveasa
singlelogicalpipe

Network
Processor

SimpleandPowerfulTrafficAllocation TDM&Ethernet
Proprietary and Confidential

163

Hybrid Multi-Carrier ABC

Channel failure/degradation

1 2

Radio

1 2

155

STM1
#2

155

STM1
#1

Ethernet
Traffic

ABC Engine

3. Totalavailablecapacityfor
Ethernettraffic:

1 2

STM1#N

Radio

2. AllSDHtrafficremainsintact
aslongas:

Radio

1. Systemishighlyresilientto
carrierfailure/degradation

Network
Processor

SimpleandPowerfulTrafficAllocation TDM&Ethernet
Proprietary and Confidential

2+0 MC-ABC Configuration

Video Link: https://app.box.com/s/d8gg7npc30cv9mrd57kd

164

Multi Carrier ABC 2+0

1- Cards configuration
TCC-B-MC and RMC-B are required check Platform/Management/Inventory

Add needed cards Platform/Shelf Management/Chassis Configuration/Enable them

Proprietary and Confidential

Multi Carrier ABC 2+0

2 MC ABC Configuration
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Create ABC Group 1 consists of slot 3 (channel 1) and slot 4 (channel 2)

Check if ABC group has Admin status Enable
Setup MRMC, Freq., Link ID per each radio link
Check if ABC MUX Number 1 is enabled
Check IF Manager MC ABC Grop1 is enabled
Enable all radio slots in Chassis Configuration

Proprietary and Confidential

165

8+0 MC-ABC Configuration

Video Link: https://app.box.com/s/qiakfcnv9va8bjbrh2xn

Multi Carrier ABC 8+0

1- Cards configuration
TCC-B-MC and RMC-B are required check Platform/Management/Inventory

Add needed cards Platform/Shelf Management/Chassis Configuration/Enable them

Proprietary and Confidential

166

Multi Carrier ABC 8+0

2 MC ABC Configuration
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Create ABC Group 1 consists of slot 3-10

Proprietary and Confidential

2+0 MC-ABC Configuration with STM-1 Clear channel

167

STM-1 only card integration with ABC

ABC group should allow the following combination of types of cards

1. RMC-E/STM-1 and RMC-E

2. RMC-E/STM-1 and RMC-B
3. RMC-E and STM-1
4. RMC-B and STM-1
5. RMC-B only
6. RMC-E only
Attaching to a group
Can this be done dynamically (adding STM-1 card to an existing
group)
Group admin shall not be dependent on STM-1 admin
STM-1 may be disabled but the group enabled
Group size
Up to four STM-1 channels shall be supported per group
This is unrelated to the number of cards (no validation)
Interface number is priority as well

Group max size shall be 4 radios + 4 STM-1 cards (8 members)

Proprietary and Confidential

Multi Carrier ABC 2+0

1- Cards configuration
TCC-B-MC,RMC-B and STM-1/OC3 Interface (RMC-E should be used as STM1/OC3 interface as well) are required check Platform/Management/Inventory

Add needed cards Platform/Shelf Management/Chassis Configuration/Enable them

Proprietary and Confidential

168

Multi Carrier ABC 2+0

2 MC ABC Configuration
1. Create ABC Group 1 consists of radio slots and STM-1 slots
2. Check if ABC group has Admin status Enable
3. Setup MRMC, Freq., Link ID per each radio link
4. Check if ABC MUX Number 1 is enabled
5. Check IF Manager MC ABC Grop1 is enabled
6. Enable STM-1 interfaces
7. Enable all radio slots in Chassis Configuration and
STM-1 cards as well

Proprietary and Confidential

Multi-Carrier ABC 2+2 HSB Configuration

169

Multi Carrier ABC 2+2 HSB

1- Cards configuration
TCC-B-MC and RMC-B are required check Platform/Management/Inventory

Add needed cards Platform/Shelf Management/Chassis Configuration/Enable them

HSB 1

HSB 2

Proprietary and Confidential

Multi Carrier ABC 2+2 HSB

3
2
!!!

Proprietary and Confidential

170

Multi Carrier ABC 2+2 HSB

3 - Protection Groups

Create Protection Group #1 (slot 3 &7) and Protection Group #2 (slot 4 & 8)

1+1 HSB is used only for TCC-B

1+1 HSB SD is used only for TCC-B-MC

Slot 7

Slot 8

Slot 3

Slot 4

Note: If configuration will failed, please enable CMR for each radio slot in CLI:
root>platform shelf-manager abc mode admin set slot 3 state enable

Proprietary and Confidential

Multi Carrier ABC 2+2 HSB

4 - Protection Groups

Configure 1st link slot 3 (MRMC, freq., Link ID)

Slot 7

Slot 8

Slot 3

Slot 4

Proprietary and Confidential

171

Multi Carrier ABC 2+2 HSB

5- MC ABC Configuration Adding members
1.
2.
3.
4.

Add Protection Group #1 & Protection Group #2 into ABC

Check if Members PG1 & PG2 are enabled
Check if in MUX Configuration is Enabled ABC MUX Number 1
Check Interface Manager if Multi Carrier ABC Group #1 is UP

5. Chassis Configuration Change operation status per each ABC slot to Enable

Proprietary and Confidential

Multi-Carrier ABC 2+2 HSB XPIC

Configuration

Video link: https://app.box.com/s/r60ek2xse43o94phhgt6

172

Multi Carrier ABC 2+2 HSB XPIC

1- Cards configuration

TCC-B-MC and RMC-B are required check Platform/Management/Inventory

Add needed cards Platform/Shelf Management/Chassis Configuration/Enable them

HSB 1 XPIC 2 HSB 2

XPIC 1

V
H

Proprietary and Confidential

Multi Carrier ABC 2+2 HSB XPIC

3
2
!!!

Proprietary and Confidential

173

Multi Carrier ABC 2+2 HSB XPIC

3 - Protection Groups

Create Protection Group #1 (slot 3 &7) and Protection Group #2 (slot 4 & 8)

1+1 HSB is used only for TCC-B

1+1 HSB SD is used only for TCC-B-MC

Slot 7

Slot 8

Slot 3

Slot 4

Note: If configuration will failed, please enable CMR for each radio slot in CLI:
root>platform shelf-manager abc mode admin set slot 3 state enable

Proprietary and Confidential

Multi Carrier ABC 2+2 HSB XPIC

4 - Protection Groups

Configure 1st link slot 3 (MRMC, freq., Link ID)

Slot 7

Slot 8

Slot 3

Slot 4

Proprietary and Confidential

174

Multi Carrier ABC 2+2 HSB XPIC

5- XPIC Groups configuration

Create XPIC Group # 1 (slot 3 + slot 4)

Create XPIC Group # 2 (slot 7 + slot 8)
Enable XPIC Group #1 & # 2

Slot 7

Slot 8

Slot 3

Slot 4

Proprietary and Confidential

Multi Carrier ABC 2+2 HSB XPIC

6 MC ABC Group Configuration Adding members
1.
2.
3.
4.

Add Protection Group #1 & Protection Group #2 into ABC

Check if Members PG1 & PG2 are enabled
Check if in MUX Configuration is Enabled ABC MUX Number 1
Check Interface Manager if Multi Carrier ABC Group #1 is UP

5. Chassis Configuration Change operation status per each ABC slot to Enable

Proprietary and Confidential

175

Thank You

176

IP-20N Licensing

October 2014
Version 4

Agenda
Licensing in General
Demo License
CeraOS License concept
IP-20 Licensing Scheme
Licensed Features

Proprietary and Confidential

177

Licensing

IP-20N offers a pay as-you-grow licensing concept in which

future capacity growth and additional functionality can be
enabled with Activation key.
For purposes of licensing, each IP-20N chassis is considered
a distinct device, regardless of which cards are included in the
chassis. Each device contains a single Activation key.
Licenses are divided into two categories:
Per Carrier The license is per carrier
Per Device The license is per device, regardless of the
number of carriers supported by the device.

Ceragon provides a web-based License Management

System (LMS). The LMS enables authorized users to
generate Activation keys, which are generated per IDU serial
number.

A 1+1 HSB configuration requires the same set of licenses for

both the active and the protected interfaces.

Proprietary and Confidential

License Management System

Proprietary and Confidential

178

License generating

License is generated according to chassis SN

Proprietary and Confidential

Mandatory Cards - IVM

Single card for 1RU and 2RU chassis.

2 x E2PROM on single board (function as 2 separated cards).
Installed at the back of the chassis
Holds the chassis:
License.
Node MAC address (48 MACs per unit).
Serial number for chassis

Proprietary and Confidential

179

DEMO License
A demo license is available that enables all features for 60 days.
The demo license expires 60 days from the time it was activated,
and the most recent valid license goes into effect.

The 60-day period is only counted when the system is powered up.
10 days before the demo license expires, an alarm is raised
indicating to the user that the demo license is about to expire.

Proprietary and Confidential

License violation
License violation yellow color screen has been implemented from sw. T7.9

Proprietary and Confidential

180

IP-20 Pricing Concept (Value Structure)

Hardware, Software & Licensed Features

CeraOS (Software)
LicensedScalability

Radiocapacity
2nd modem/core
activation(IP20G/C)
AdditionalGEuser
interfaces
AdditionalCETNode
services/EVCs(L2)

LicensedPremiumFunctionality
Advancedradioconfigurations
AdvancedQoS
EthernetOAM
TDMPWservices
Synchronization
NetworkResiliency
AdvancedSecurity

LicensedMode CETNode

CETservices/EVCs(L2)
2xGEuserinterfaces

SmartPipeservices(L1)
10Mradiocapacity
1xGEuserinterface
NativeTDMservices

Baseline
functionality

Hardware

ProductModels (e.g.IP20N,IP20G,IP20C,IP20LH)
Assemblyoptions (e.g.single/dualmodeminIP20G)
Addonmodules (e.g.RMCinIP20N)
Proprietary and Confidential

IP-20 Licensing Scheme

Per Carrier

Per Node Premium Functionality

Scalability

Radio capacity

Enhanced Packet Buffer

Frame Cut Through
H-QoS

Advanced radio configurations

ACM
XPIC
Multi-Carrier ABC
MIMO
Header De-duplication

Sync-Unit
IEEE-1588 TC
IEEE-1588 OC
IEEE-1588 BC

Redundancy/Resiliency group
Network Resiliency
Main Card Redundancy - HA

CET-Node mode/scalability

Edge (8 services/EVCs)
Agg-Lvl-1 (64 services/EVCs)
Agg-Lvl-2 (1024 services/EVCs)

Sync group

Per Node scalability

QoS group

Ethernet OAM group

Eth-OAM FM
ETH-OAM PM

General node scalability

TDM group

Security

TDM PW

2nd

modem activation (IP-20G only)

2nd core activation (IP-20C only)
GE user interfaces

Secure management

Proprietary and Confidential

181

Licensed Features
LicenseName

RadioCapacityLicense

IP20SLACM

IP20SLMCABC

IP20SLHeaderDeDuplication

IP20SLXPIC

Description
Enablesyoutoincreaseyoursystemsradiocapacityin
gradualstepsbyupgradingyourcapacitylicense.
Withoutacapacitylicense,eachcarrierhasacapacity
of10Mbps.Licensedcapacityisavailablefrom50
Mbpsto500Mbps.EachRMCcardcanbelicensedfor
adifferentcapacity.
EnablestheuseofAdaptiveCodingandModulation
(ACM)scripts.Aseparatelicenseisrequiredpercore.

EnablesMultiCarrierABC.

EnablestheuseofHeaderDeDuplication,whichcan
beconfiguredtooperateatL2throughL4.

EnablestheuseofCrossPolarizationInterface
Canceller(XPIC).Aseparatelicenseisrequiredforeach
coreintheXPICpair.

Proprietary and Confidential

Licensed Features
LicenseName

IP20SLGEPort

IP20SLMainCardRedundancy

Description
EnablestheuseofaTCC/LICEthernettrafficportinGE
mode(10/100/1000baseTor1000baseX).Anactivation
keyisrequiredforeachEthernettrafficportthatisused
onthedevice.Anactivationkeycanbeinstalled
multipletimeswithdynamicallocationinsidetheunit
toenablemultipleGEports.
Note:AllEthernettrafficportsareenabledinFEmode
(10/100baseT)bydefaultwithoutrequiringany
activationkey.

EnablestheuseofasecondTCCina2RUchassisfor
HighAvailability.

Proprietary and Confidential

182

Licensed Features
LicenseName

EdgeCETNode

Description
EnablesCarrierEthernetTransport(CET)andanumber
ofEthernetservices(EVCs),dependingonthetypeof
CETNodelicense:
EdgeCETNode Upto8EVCs.
AggregationLevel1CETNode Upto64EVCs.
AggregationLevel2CETNode Upto1024EVCs.
ACETNodelicensealsoenablesthefollowing:
Networkresiliency(MSTP/RSTP)forallservices.
Full QoSfor all services including basic queue buffer
management (fixed queues buffer size limit,tail
drop only)andeight queues perport,noHQoS.
LAGSupport

P20SLNetworkResiliency

Enablesthefollowingprotocolsforimprovingnetwork
resiliency:
G.8032
TDM(PW)services1:1/1+1pathprotection

Proprietary and Confidential

Licensed Features
LicenseName
IP20SLHQoSHQoS

IP20SLEnhPacketBuffer

IP20SLSyncUnit

P20SLFrameCutThrough

IP20SLTDMPW

Description
EnablesHQoS.Thislicenseisrequiredtoaddservice
bundleswithdedicatedqueuestointerfaces.Without
thislicense,onlythedefaulteightqueuesperportare
supported.(Plannedforfuturerelease)
Enables configurable (nondefault)queue buffer size
limitfor Green andYellow frames.Also enables WRED.
The defaultqueue buffer size limitis 1Mbitsfor Green
frames and0.5Mbits for Yellow frames.
EnablestheG.8262synchronizationunit.Thislicenseis
requiredinordertoprovideendtoendsynchronization
distributiononthephysicallayer.Thislicenseisalso
requiredtouseSynchronousEthernet(SyncE).
Enables Frame CutThrough.
EnablesTDMpseudowire servicesonunitswithTDM
interfaces.Withoutthisactivationkey,onlynativeTDM
servicesaresupported.

Proprietary and Confidential

183

Licensed Features
LicenseName
P20SLSecureManagement
IP20SLEthOAMFM

IP20SLEthOAMPM

Description
Enablessecuremanagementprotocols(SSH,HTTPS,
SFTP,SNMPv3,andRADIUS).
EnablesConnectivityFaultManagement(FM)per
Y.1731/802.1agand802.3ah(CETmodeonly).
EnablesperformancemonitoringpursuanttoY.1731
(CETmodeonly).

Proprietary and Confidential

License

Proprietary and Confidential

184

License features available

Proprietary and Confidential

Thank You

185

Thispagewasintentionallyleftblank.

186

Native TDM

November 2014
Version 6

Agenda
Native TDM Services
Hybrid Service Engine TDM + Ethernet
All-packet services example: Ethernet EVCs + TDM Pseudowire
How to Setup Native TDM
TDM Path Protection
1:1 TDM Path Protection
1+1 TDM Protection
1+1 Dual Homing TDM Path Protection
Configuration of Path Protection
2+0 MC-ABC Configuration with STM-1 Clear channel
TDM Card and Interface Protection (only for chSTM-1)
Proprietary and Confidential

187

Native TDM Services

IP-20N provides integrated support for transportation of TDM (E1) services
with integrated E1 and ch-STM-1 interfaces.

Two types of TDM services are supported using the same hardware:
Native TDM trails
TDM Pseudowire services (enabling interoperability with third party
packet/PW equipment)

IP-20N provides native TDM support, utilizing a cross-connect module to

support up to 512 TDM trails.

The IP-20N Web EMS provides a simple and easy-to-use GUI that enables
users to provision end-to-end TDM trails. The Services Provisioning GUI
includes the following trail-creation end points:
TDM interface
Radio interface
Proprietary and Confidential

Hybrid Services Engine Ethernet + TDM

Services engine
TDM cross-connect (VCs)
E1
Ch-STM1

TDM
traffic
TDM
PW

Hybrid
Radio
Network processor (EVCs)

Packet
traffic
GE/FE

Native TDM Services (VCs)

Ethernet Services (EVCs)
Ethernet switched (L2) services E-Line (PtP), E-LAN (MPtMP)

Ethernet port based (L1) services (smart pipe)

TDM Pseudowire services Unstructured (SAToP), Structured (CESoP)

Proprietary and Confidential

188

Hybrid services example: Ethernet EVCs + Native TDM

TDM cross-connect (VCs)

E1/
ch-STM1

Port

SAP

Ethernet Services (EVCs)

PtP Service

User Port
(UNI)
GE/FE

TDM
traffic

Port

SAP
SAP

SNP
SAP

Packet
traffic

Hybrid
Radio

MPtMP Service
SAP

User Port
(UNI)
GE/FE

SNP

Network
Port

Port

SAP

GE/FE

SNP

Proprietary and Confidential

All-packet services example: Ethernet EVCs + TDM Pseudowire

Ethernet Services (EVCs)
TDM
PW
E1/DS1/
ch-STM1/
OC3

Port

PtP Service

SAP
SAP

SNP
SAP

PtP Service

User Port
(UNI)
GE/FE

Port

S-VLAN =
200
SAP
SAP

SNP
SAP

Packet
traffic

Packet
Radio

MPtMP Service
User Port
(UNI)
GE/FE

SAP

SNP

Network
Port

Port

SAP

SNP

Proprietary and Confidential

189

GE/FE

How to Setup Native TDM

ETSI and ANSI

For IP-20N default standard is ETSI

To change the TDM interfaces to operate according to the ANSI (FCC) standard
(DS1 and OC-3), results in system reset and restores the default configuration.

Proprietary and Confidential

190

Native TDM Configuration

VC1

VC2

VC3

VC4

VC5

VC6

VC7

VC8

VC9

VC10 VC11 VC12

VC13 VC14 VC15 VCn

E1#1-16 (or STM-1 VC)

Loop Timing

TDM
Network
9

Proprietary and Confidential

TDM Service Configuration 1

As first we have to create any Eth. service for Radio port, because
we need specify which type of traffic will be carry by Radio.
Create any service point which is connected to the radio port in
Ethernet/Services
Proprietary and Confidential

191

TDM Service Configuration 2

LIC-T155 ACR card

16E1/DS1 card

1
2
3

1 Select required TDM card

2 Select required E1or VC
3 Select Timing
Loop Timing Timing is taken from incoming traffic.
Recovered Clock Clock information is recovered on the egress path. Extra information may be located
in an RTP header that can be used to correct frequency offsets. Recovered Clock can provide very
accurate synchronization, but requires low PDV (Packer Delay Variation).
System Reference Clock Trails are synchronized to the system reference clock.
Front Panel Trails are synchronized from Front Panel synch. port.
Proprietary and Confidential

TDM Service Configuration - 3

TCC-B-MC with ABC

TCC-B

Select VC for radio slot or

Multi Carrier ABC Group

VC1

VC2

VC3

VC4

VC5

VC6

VC7

VC8

VC9

VC10 VC11 VC12

VC13 VC14 VC15 VCn

E1#1-1

Proprietary and Confidential

192

TDM Service Configuration - 4

Proprietary and Confidential

TDM Service Configuration

Selection Summary
Proprietary and Confidential

193

TDM Path Protection

TDM path protection enables the operator to define two separate network
paths for a single TDM service.
Two different kinds of path protection are available, each suitable for a
different network topology:
1:1 and 1+1 TDM path protection is suitable for ring networks that consist
entirely of IP-20N and/or IP-20G elements with two end-point interfaces for
the TDM trail.
1+1 Dual Homing TDM path protection is suitable for networks in which the
IP-20N and/or IP-20G elements are set up as a chain connected to the third
party networks at two different sites.
The ring is closed on one side by the IP-20N and/or IP-20G elements,
and on the other by third party equipment supporting standard SNCP.
In this case, there are three end-point interfaces in the IP-20N and/or
IP-20G section of the network.

Proprietary and Confidential

194

1:1 TDM Path Protection

Backup
Path

Active
Path

1:1 TDM path protection enables the operator to define two separate network paths for a single
TDM trail.
Each trail has the same TDM interface end points, but traffic flows to the destination via different
paths.
Bandwidth is utilized only on the active path, freeing up resources on the standby path.
For native TDM services TDM path protection is done by means of configuring active and backup
path at the TDM service end-points.
Proprietary and Confidential

1+1 TDM Path Protection

Backup
Path

Active
Path

1:1 TDM path protection enables the operator to define two separate network paths for a single
TDM trail.
Each trail has the same TDM interface end points, but traffic flows to the destination via different
paths.
Bandwidth is utilized for both paths parallel.
For native TDM services TDM path protection is done by means of configuring active and backup
path at the TDM service end-points.
Proprietary and Confidential

195

1+1 Dual Homing TDM Path Protection

1+1 TDM dual homing path protection is used for networks in which the IP-20 network elements are
set up as a chain connected to third party networks at two different sites, where one end-point is
located on an IP-20 unit and the other end-point is located on third-party equipment supporting
standard SNCP.
As with 1:1 TDM path protection, the operator defines two separate network paths for a single TDM
trail. However, unlike path protection, traffic flows through both paths simultaneously, thereby
supporting standard SNCP in the third party equipment.

Proprietary and Confidential

Configuration of Path Protection

196

Configuration for 1:1 and 1+1 TDM Path Protection

1:1 or 1+1 TDM Protection

Bypass
configuration

Trail ID 1
Radio Slot 4
VC-1

E1#1
Slot 3

Trail ID 2
Radio Slot 5
VC-1

1:1 or 1+1 TDM Protection

Proprietary and Confidential

Configuration 1:1 or 1+1 TDM Path Protection

Proprietary and Confidential

197

TDM Service

Interface #1

Interface #2

Protection Interface

Proprietary and Confidential

Configuration for 1+1 Dual homing Edge

1+1 Dual homing

network edge

1+1 Dual homing

network edge

Trail ID 2

Trail ID 1

1+1 TDM Protection

Proprietary and Confidential

198

2+0 MC-ABC Configuration with STM-1 Clear channel

Multi-Carrier ABC Traffic Flow

TCC
Service Engine
Ethernet Interface

Eth LIC

RMC-B

Ethernet Interface

Network Processor
IF

Ethernet Interface

RMC-B

Hybrid
Multicarrier ABC
Engine

PW
E1
Srv

TDM
LIC

TDM Crossconnect
E1 Services
PW
E1
Srv

RMC-B

TDM
LIC

STM-1/
RST LIC

STM-1RST

STM-1/
RST LIC

STM-1RST

STM-1/
RST LIC

STM-1RST

Proprietary and Confidential

199

E1/CH-STM-1

STM-1 only card integration with ABC

ABC group should allow the following combination of types of cards

1. RMC-E/STM-1 and RMC-E

Group max size shall be 4 radios + 4 STM-1 cards (8 members)

Proprietary and Confidential

Multi Carrier ABC 2+0

1- Cards configuration
TCC-B-MC,RMC-B and STM-1/OC3 Interface (RMC-E should be used as STM1/OC3 interface as well) are required check Platform/Management/Inventory

Add needed cards Platform/Shelf Management/Chassis Configuration/Enable them

Proprietary and Confidential

200

Multi Carrier ABC 2+0

Proprietary and Confidential

TDM Card and Interface Protection

TDM card and interface protection is only applicable for LIC-T155 (1x ch-STM-1) cards.

201

TDM Card and Interface Protection

Two different schemes are available for card and interface protection:
1+1 HSB
Uni-Directional MSP

Both schemes provide full protection against hardware failure.

Both Schemes are available only for LIC-T155 card.
Uni-Directional MSP also provides full protection against interface failure due
to cable disconnection or failure of the far-end equipment, while 1+1 HSB
provides protection against interface failure due to cable disconnection at the
IP-20N side of the link.
In both schemes, configuration of the active card is automatically copied to the
standby card. The entire configuration can also be copied and stored for
maintenance purposes

Proprietary and Confidential

1+1 HSB Protection

1+1 HSB protection offers full redundancy for LIC-T155 cards. This form of
redundancy is appropriate for connections with third party equipment at which a
single STM-1 interface is available.

In a 1+1 HSB configuration, the single port on the third party equipment is connected
to two STM-1 interfaces on the IP-20N through an optical splitter cable. This ensures
that an identical signal is received by each STM-1 interface on the IP-20N. The IP20N determines which interface is active, based on traffic loss indications such as
LOS, LOF, or other errors.
While both interfaces on the IP-20N receive traffic, only the active interface transmits.
The standby interface is automatically muted.

Proprietary and Confidential

202

Uni-Direction MSP

In Uni-directional Multiplex Section Protection (MSP), the element at each end of the
STM-1 link transmits traffic through both connections.
On the receiving side, each IP-20N element unilaterally decides, based on traffic loss
indications such as LOS, LOF, or other errors, from which interface to receive the
traffic, and declares that interface the active interface.
There is no need for a protocol between the two connected elements.
Each LIC-T155 is connected directly to separate ports in the third party network
element.
There is no need for a splitter or Y-cable.
This ensures protection to the optical ports in the third party equipment and to the
optical fiber cable, as well as to the LIC-T155 in the IP-20N.

Proprietary and Confidential

Configuration 1st create group

Up to 4 Groups for STM-1 Cards are available

Proprietary and Confidential

203

Configuration 2nd select type of protection

For this configuration change need to be disabled:

1. Trail admin status = Down
2. STM-1 Interfaces Admin Status in Interface Manager = Down
Proprietary and Confidential

Thank You

204

Configuration Management &

Software Download

October 2014
Version 3

Agenda

Backup and Restore

Software Download
Unit Info file

Proprietary and Confidential

205

Backup & Restore

Backup and Restore

Backup and restore can be used for

Restoring configuration upon unit replacement

Duplicating configuration
Three restore points
Restore point are manually created
Backup file is generated from a restore pointed
Once a backup file is imported to a unit it can be restored

Proprietary and Confidential

206

Backup Process

Backup Configuration File Idea

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Install FTP server We recommend to use FileZilla Server (not Client)

Setup FileZilla Server parameters (Users, Shared Folders)
Setup communication parameters for IP20 unit with FTP Server
Create Configuration Backup inside IP20 unit
Export Configuration Backup to FTP server
Export
File

FTP IP address

Proprietary and Confidential

207

2. FTP Setup FileZilla Settings

1. Install FileZilla Server and Run it
2. Create User in FileZilla Server

Proprietary and Confidential

2. FTP Setup FileZilla Settings

3. Create shared folder in FTP Server PC (C:\ Backups)
4. Setup all permissions for this folder in FTP Server

FTP SERVER PC

FileZilla settings in FTP SERVER PC

5. Check Firewall settings in FTP Server PC and if port 21 is used only with
FileZilla
Proprietary and Confidential

208

3. IP20 Configuration Management Settings

Setup Parameters for FTP Server Connection
Status for File transfer

Status for for Backup creation

User name and password

must be same as in FileZilla
Server

!!!

FTP Server IP address

Path in Server (This setup means that
file will be uploaded in C:\Backups)
Name.zip (.zip is MANDATORY)
Restore point selection
Time installation for future releases

Proprietary and Confidential

4. Backup process
6. Check Export status

4. Check Status

1. Setup Configuration parameters

included Restore Point which will be
used for Configuration Backup inside
the system

2. Apply

5. Export

3. Backup

Proprietary and Confidential

209

5. Backup Files

Here are stored

backup files per each
restore point

Proprietary and Confidential

Restore Process

210

Restore Configuration File Idea

1. Install FTP server (when is not already installed) we recommend to use
FileZilla Server (Not Client)
2. Setup FileZilla Server parameters (Users, Shared Folders)
3. Setup communication parameters for IP20 unit with FTP Server
4. Import Configuration Backup from FTP Server
5. Restore Configuration Backup
Import File

FTP IP address

Proprietary and Confidential

3. IP20 Configuration Management Settings

Setup Parameters for FTP Server Connection
Status for File transfer

Status for Backup creation

User name and password

must be same as in FileZilla
Server
FTP Server IP address
!!!

Path in Server (Means that file will be downloaded

from Home FileZilla directory in our case
C:\Backups)

Name.zip (.zip is MANDATORY)

Restore point selection
Time installation for future releases

Proprietary and Confidential

211

Restore process
4. Check Import status

6. Check Restore status

1. Setup Configurations parameters

included Restore point 1-3

5 Restore

2.Apply 3.Import

RESTORE CONFIGURATION WILL NOT CHANGE CURRENT IP ADDRESS !!!

Proprietary and Confidential

Config_Dump File

Proprietary and Confidential

212

Software Download for IDU

Software Download Idea for IDU

1. Before performing a software upgrade, it is important to verify that the system date
and time are correct.
2. Install FTP server (when is not already installed) we recommend to use FileZilla
Server (Not Client)
3. Setup FileZilla Server parameters (Users, Shared Folders)
4. Setup communication parameters for IP20 unit with FTP Server
5. UnZip software package for IP-20 to FTP Server shared folder
6. Download software from FTP Server
7. Install downloaded software

Software
Download

213

IP-20 Software Download Settings

User name and password

must be same as in FileZilla
Server
FTP Server IP address

Path in FTP Server (This setup

means that configuration files will
be downloaded from Home
FileZilla directory)

Proprietary and Confidential

Software process download

4. Check Download Status

6. Check Installation Status

1. Setup
Parameters

2. Apply

3. Download
Software Files
from FTP Server

5. Install Downloaded Software

Proprietary and Confidential

214

Running Software version

Proprietary and Confidential

Unit Information file

215

Unit Info
Status for Unit info creation

Status for File transfer

User name and password

must be same as in FileZilla
Server
FTP Server IP address

!!!

Path in Server (This setup means that

file will be uploaded in C:\Backups)
Name.zip (.zip is MANDATORY)

Includes technical data about the unit and also backup files placed in restore points
This file can be forwarded to customer support, at their request, to help in analyzing issues
that may occur
Proprietary and Confidential

Create and Transfer process

4. Check Status
6. Check Export status

1. Setup Configuration
parameters included Restore
Point which will be used for
Configuration Backup inside the
system

2. Apply 3. Create

5. Export

Proprietary and Confidential

216

RFU Software Installation

Although RFU software is included in the standard installation bundle, the
current software version is not automatically updated in the RFU when an
installation is performed.
To upgrade the software in an RFU, you must perform the upgrade manually, per
slot.
This enables you to manage IDU and RFU software versions separately.
In this version, you must use the Command Line Interface (CLI) to
upgrade RFU software.

Proprietary and Confidential

217

RFU Software Installation Procedure

1. The following sequence of commands installs RFU-C software version 2.13 in the
RFU connected to slot 3.
root> platform software show rfu versions

2. The next step is to perform the update and install commands:

root> platform software update rfu version slot 3 radio-port 1
root> platform software install rfu version slot 3 radio-port 1

3. To check the status of an update or install operation, enter the following command:
root> platform software show rfu status

4. Once the installation is complete, the Install Status column should indicate installation
success and the In Progress column should indicate 100 (100%).
5.When the installation is complete, enter the show rfu versions command again to verify
that the new version has been properly installed in both the TCC and the RFU:
root> platform software show rfu versions

Proprietary and Confidential

Thank You

218

Troubleshooting

November 2014
Version 4

Agenda

Faults and Alarms

Performance monitoring
RMON statistic
Loopback

Proprietary and Confidential

219

Faults and Alarms

Faults
Current Alarms

Event Log

Proprietary and Confidential

220

Alarm Configuration

Proprietary and Confidential

Performance Monitoring - Radio

221

Radio Parameters

Profile
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

Mod
QPSK
8PSK
16QAM
32QAM
64QAM
128QAM
256QAM
512QAM
1024 QAM SFEC
1024 QAM WFEC
2048QAM

MSE Down-Threshold
-16
-17
-21
-24
-27
-30
-32
-35
-36
-39

MSE Up-Threshold
-18
-19
-23
-26
-29
-32
-34
-37
-38
-41

Applicable for both 28/56MHz , 2048 is planned for future releases

The values are typical and subject to change in relation to the frequency and RFU
type. For more details please contact your Ceragon representative
Proprietary and Confidential

Radio Parameters Defected Blocks

Proprietary and Confidential

222

MRMC actual status

Proprietary and Confidential

Signal Level

Proprietary and Confidential

223

MSE Mean Square Error

Proprietary and Confidential

XPI Level for XPIC

Proprietary and Confidential

224

MRMC

Proprietary and Confidential

Capacity, Throughput, Utilization, Frame Error State

Proprietary and Confidential

225

Performance Monitoring Ethernet Services

ETH PM RMON

Proprietary and Confidential

226

Ethernet Port Tx and RX PM Report

Proprietary and Confidential

PM RMON Special Registers

RMONregister /Counter

Description

Undersizeframesreceived

Framesshorterthan64bytes

Oversizeframesreceived

Frameslongerthan2000bytes

Jabberframesreceived

Totalframesreceivedwithalengthofmorethan2000bytes,
butwithaninvalidFCS

Fragmentsframesreceived

Totalframesreceivedwithalengthoflessthan64
bytes,andaninvalidFCS

Rxerrorframesreceived

TotalframesreceivedwithPhyerror

FCSframesreceived

TotalframesreceivedwithCRCerror,notcounteredin
"Fragments","Jabber"or"Rxerror"counters

Pauseframesreceived

Numberofflowcontrolpauseframesreceived

Proprietary and Confidential

227

Troubleshooting with RMON: Oversized frames

Site A
T

Site B
T

Tagged Frames with frame

size > 2000 bytes

Wheningressframesexceedthemaximumframesize,RMONcounterOversizedframesreceived
isupdatedaccordingly

Proprietary and Confidential

Troubleshooting with RMON: Discarding Example

Site A
T

Site B
T

Ingress traffic does not

comply to Policer rules

DiscardingExamples:
Ingressrate>RateLimiter
IngressframesdonotqualifytoPolicer rules

Proprietary and Confidential

228

Troubleshooting with RMON: Monitoring specific traffic types

Site A

Site B
Rate Limiter

Monitor

VideostreamsaregenerallytransmittedoverUDP
withmulticastaddresses
Tomonitortraffic,checkouttheMulticastFrames
Receivedregister
TolimitMCtraffic,assignaPolicer withaMCCIR
rules
Proprietary and Confidential

Performance Monitoring TDM Services

229

TDM Line Alarms

Proprietary and Confidential

TDM port PMs Table

Proprietary and Confidential

230

Loopbacks

RFU RF Loopback

231

RFU RF Loopback

RFU RF LB

IF LB

Proprietary and Confidential

RFU RF Loopback
Use it to verify communication from Line to ODU is OK (including ODU)
Traffic affecting RX is stopped
Configurable Timer to automatically restore traffic ( 0 = no time limits)
RFU LED is RED when Loopback is ON
LINK LED is GREEN when Loopback is ON
Alarm is displayed in Current Alarms:

Proprietary and Confidential

232

TDM Loopback

Proprietary and Confidential

233

Ethernet Loopback available from T7.9

Ethernet port loopback

Ethernet loopback level is available for T7.9!!!

Proprietary and Confidential

234

Ethernet Loopback

Radio port loopback

is far end loopback
type
Ethernet port
loopback is near end
loopback type

Select port and click to Loopback button

Proprietary and Confidential

Ethernet Loopback Setting

Enable Swapping MAC addresses

Enable admin status
Proprietary and Confidential

235

Thank You

236

Header De-Duplication

November 2014
Version 3

Agenda

Ethernet frame L1 and L2 Headers

L3 Headers
L4 Headers
Header De-Duplication
Exercise

Proprietary and Confidential

237

Ethernet frame L1 and L2 Headers

Proprietary and Confidential

L3 Headers
Three types of header fields
Constant
Not Constant
Calculated

Constant
Not Constant
Calculated

Proprietary and Confidential

238

L4 Headers
UDP Header

TCP Header

Proprietary and Confidential

Header De-Duplication
Legacy (Layer 2)Header De- Duplication

Enhanced (Layer 2-4) Header De- Duplication

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z8dU0J9zDtg

Proprietary and Confidential

239

Header De-Duplication

Without Multi-Layer Header Compression, IP-20N still removes the IFG and
Preamble fields. This mechanism operates automatically even header
compression is not selected by the user.

Proprietary and Confidential

Layer 1 Header Suppression

Proprietary and Confidential

240

Legacy Header De-Duplication

Proprietary and Confidential

Enhanced Header De-Duplication

Proprietary and Confidential

241

Supported Headers
Layer 2

Ethernet
Ethernet + VLAN
Ethernet + Q-in-Q
MPLS
PBB-TE
Layer 3
IPv4
IPv6
Layer 4
TCP
UDP

Latency:
IP-20N provides best-in-class latency (RFC-2544) for all
channels, making it LTE (Long-Term Evolution) ready:
<0.21ms for 28/56MHz channels (1518 byte frames)
<0.4 ms for 14MHz channels (1518 byte frames)
<0.9 ms for 7MHz channels (1518 byte frames)

Proprietary and Confidential

Multi Level Header De-duplications Counters

In order to help operators optimize Multi-Layer (Enhanced) header
compression, IP-20N provides counters when Enhanced Compression is
enabled. These counters include real-time information, such as the number of
currently active flows and the number of flows by specific flow type. This
information can be used by operators to monitor network usage and capacity,
and optimize the Multi-Layer compression settings. By monitoring the
effectiveness of the compression settings, the operator can adjust these
settings to ensure that the network achieves the highest possible effective
throughput.

Proprietary and Confidential

242

Capacity-Boosting Techniques
Payload De-Duplication

+40%
Payload
De-Duplication
Header
De-Duplication

40%

Traffic Optimizer

10%

LTE/HSPA Optimized Header

Compression

20%

Multi-Layer (L2-4)
Compression

1Gbps
(2048 QAM)

XPIC

Radio
Capacity
without any
optimization

520Mbps

Innovative Bit Stream Indexing technology

Additive to other traffic acceleration
techniques offered by Ceragon

Exploits repetitive bit patterns in traffic

Content, application & protocol agnostic
Does not affect network functionality
Optimized for aggregation microwave
backhaul where most repetitions occur

(2048 QAM)

480Mbps

Repetitivebitlevelpatterns
identified&compacted

(1024QAM)

390Mbps
(256 QAM)

56 MHz

Decompressor

Compressor

Proprietary and Confidential

Working in a Live Network

Trafficoptimizerperformanceinalivenetwork
Proprietary and Confidential

243

Header De-Duplication Settings

Proprietary and Confidential

Summary

Up to 148 B per frame can

be saved

Header De-Duplication can

increase capacity by up to:

50% (256 byte packets)

25% (512 byte packets)

8% (1518 byte packets)

Proprietary and Confidential

244

De-Duplication Exercise

Proprietary and Confidential

Thank You

245

Thispagewasintentionallyleftblank.

246

TCC Redundancy

November 2014
Version 2

Agenda
TCC Redundancy diagram
TCC Redundancy in General
TCC Redundancy Configuration

Proprietary and Confidential

247

TCC Redundancy
IF cable
IF cable

Traffic

Management
Management

Proprietary and Confidential

TCC Redundancy
In a High Availability node, the 2RU IP-20N contains two TCCs for TCC
redundancy.

TCC protection must be enabled in order for TCC redundancy to operate.

In a High Availability node, the TCCs share chassis configuration and status
information via the chassis internal management channels.

Activation key information, MAC addresses, and serial numbers, are stored

in the Inventory Module (IVM). In a High Availability node, both TCC cards
can access the IVM.
TCC switchover takes place automatically upon failure of the active TCC.
TCC switchover can also be performed manually by the user.

In a High Availability node, the GbE traffic interfaces on the TCC are

disabled.
RMC-A and STM-1/OC-3 RST configurations are not copied from the active
to the standby TCC automatically by the Copy-to-Mate command and
should be aligned manually. Support for those cards is planned for a future
release.
Proprietary and Confidential

248

TCC redundancy procedure in general

1. Check software version running in main TCC.
2. Upgrade software chassis to software version T7.9 and higher

(software below T7.7 version is not recommended for direct upgrade to T7.9)

3. Enable Main card Redundancy

4. Install software for Mate TCC (T7.9 and higher)
5. Check slot 1 and 11 for TDM standard (ETSI /ANSI)

root>platform management show tdm-interfaces-standard

6. Check if both TCCs have identical license features

7. Copy configuration from Main to Mate TCC.
8. Connect Y cable for management
Remember that traffic ports on TCC is not recommended to use when TCC Redundancy is used!!!
Recommendation is to use E-LIC card for Ethernet traffic.

Proprietary and Confidential

1. Check software version running in chassis and Main TCC

For TCC Redundancy function is required software version T7.9 and higher
Upgrade to T7.9 is recommended from T7.7 or T7.7.5 (one version below)

Proprietary and Confidential

249

2. Upgrade Main TCC to sw. T7.9 and higher

This operation requires chassis cold reset which affects traffic

Proprietary and Confidential

3. Configure correct TDM standard when is needed - CLI

For IP-20N default standard is ETSI

To change the TDM interfaces to operate according to the ANSI (FCC) standard
(DS1 and OC-3), results in system reset and restores the default configuration.

Proprietary and Confidential

250

4. Enable Main Card Redundancy

Proprietary and Confidential

5. Check software version running in both TCCs

Mate TCC is not able to see

because Main Card
Redundancy is not enabled

Proprietary and Confidential

251

6. Install software T7.9 and higher to mate TCC

This operation will not affect traffic, only may cause management los for short time period
Proprietary and Confidential

7. Check if software was installed correctly

Identical sw. is required

Proprietary and Confidential

252

8. License installation

Activation key and license features have to be same on both TCCs

Activation key is the same one for both TCCs (Main and Standby TCC)

Proprietary and Confidential

9. Copy to mate

Proprietary and Confidential

253

10. Connect Y- cable for management

IF cable
IF cable

Traffic

Management
Management

Proprietary and Confidential

11. Check alarms

Correct configuration should be without Protection configuration mismatch alarm!!!

Proprietary and Confidential

254

12. Active & Standby TCC Redundancy status

Proprietary and Confidential

Thank you

255

Thispagewasintentionallyleftblank.

256

Cascading port

November 2014
Version 1

Agenda
Hybrid TDM + Eth Concept
Configuration of Cascading port

Proprietary and Confidential

257

Hybrid (TDM + Eth) services over IP-20N cascading port

Cascading interfaces can be configured on ports 3 and 4 of an Ethernet LIC.

When operating in cascading mode, these interfaces can handle hybrid
Ethernet and Native TDM traffic, enabling operators to create links among
multiple IP-20 units in a node for multi-directional applications based on hybrid
Ethernet and Native or Pseudowire TDM services
Proprietary and Confidential

Configuration 1st Auto negotiation - OFF

Cascading
ports

Proprietary and Confidential

258

Configuration 2nd Cascading Port Configuration

Cascading ports

Proprietary and Confidential

Configuration 3rd Configure service

Create service point for Cascading Interface

Management or Pipe service point
Proprietary and Confidential

259

Configuration 4th Configure TDM Trail

Configure required TDM Trail by using cascading port

Proprietary and Confidential

Configuration 5th Configure Ethernet Service

Configure Ethernet Service where Cascading port will be one Service point with
specific Interface type and C & S-VLAN encapsulation

Proprietary and Confidential

260

Thank You

261

Thispagewasintentionallyleftblank.

262

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