Î c
Îc J
c :A major division in a play. Often, individual acts are divided into smaller units
("scenes" that all take place in a specific location.
c : A real or fictional event or series of such events comprising the subject of a novel,
story, narrative poem, or a play, especially in the sense of what the characters do in such a
narrative. Action, along with and the characters' thoughts, form the skeleton of a
narrative's .
c c : (Greek for "recognition": A term used by Aristotle in the o m
to describe
the moment of tragic recognition in which the protagonist realizes some important fact or
insight, especially a truth about himself, human nature, or his situation.
c Î c (also called u : a drop, often sudden and unexpected, from a dignified or
important idea or situation to one that is trivial or humorous. Also a sudden descent from
something sublime to something ridiculous. In fiction and drama, this refers to action that is
disappointing in contrast to the previous moment of intense interest. In rhetoric, the effect
is frequently intentional and comic. For example: "Usama Bin Laden: Wanted for Crimes of
War, Terrorism, Murder, Conspiracy, and Nefarious Parking Practices."
c : an actor͛s speech, directed to the audience, that is not supposed to be heard by other
actors on stage. An aside is usually used to let the audience know what a character is about to
do or what he or she is thinking. For example, in © , Iago gives several asides, informing
the audience of his plans and how he will try to achieve his goals. Asides are important because
they increase an audience's involvement in a play by giving them vital information pertaining
what is happening, both inside of a character's mind and in the plot of the play.
The m (from the Greek word ͞ʃʄ ʅɲʇ͟ (á meaning ͞staircase͟ and ͞ladder͟
or of a work is its point of highest tension or drama or when the action
starts in which the solution is given.
An (from the Greek, ɲ ʏʊʎ-
self + ɴʀʉʎ-
life + ɶʌɳʔɸɿʆ-
to
write is a book about the life of a person, written by that person.
The Jm (m
is a group of twelve or fifteen minor actors in tragic and twenty-four
in comic plays of classical Athens. They can portray any characters, for instance,
in Aeschylus' , the chorus comprises the elderly men of Argos, whereas
in Euripides' mm, they are a group of eastern bacchants, and in Sophocles' m
, the
chorus is made up of the women of Argos.
m is a necessary element of fictional literature. It is defined as the problem in any piece
of literature and is often classified according to the nature of the protagonist or antagonist.
Sir Arthur Thomas Quiller-Couch, literary critic and author, was first to classify plots as
mmm
: Man against Man, Man against Nature, Man against Himself, Man against God,
Man against Society, Man caught in the Middle, Man & Woman.
is a literary and theatrical form, the most notable examples of which in Western
literature are the dialogues of Plato. Dialogue is, fundamentally, a written or
spoken conversational exchange between two or more people.
m in its original, primary meaning, refers to the writer's or the speaker's
distinctive vocabulary choices and style of expression in a poem or story.
The ( ʹ
was an ancient Greek hymn sung and danced in
honour of Dionysus, the god of wine and fertility; the term was also used as an epithet of the
god.
l (Ancient Greek: ʅɲʌʏʀɲ is a term developed by Aristotle in his work o m
. The
term can simply be seen as a character͛s flaw or error. The word hamartia is rooted in the
notion of missing the mark (hamartanein and covers a broad spectrum that includes accident
and mistake[1], as well as wrongdoing, error, or sin.[2] In mm m
, hamartia is
described by Aristotle as one of the three kinds of injuries that a person can commit against
another person. Hamartia is an injury committed in ignorance (when the person affected or the
results are not what the agent supposed they were.[3]
An or
(from the Greek ʆʉʅɲʏʉʋʉɿʀɲ; ʆʉʅɲ for "name" and
ʋʉɿɹʘ for "I make" (adjectival form: "onomatopoeic" or "onomatopoetic" is a word that
imitates or suggests the source of the sound that it describes. (as
an uncountable noun refers to the property of such words. Common occurrences of
onomatopoeias include animal noises, such as "oink" or "meow" or "roar". Onomatopoeias are
not universally the same across all languages; they conform to some extent to the
broader linguistic system they are part of.
m is an ontological metaphor in which a thing or abstraction is represented as a
person. A description of an object as being a or as in: "The sun shone
brightly down on me as if she were shining for me alone". In this example the sun is depicted as
if capable of intent, and is referenced with the pronoun "she" rather than "it".
An (plural or the Greek plural (from Greek ʇʑʅʘʌʉʆ, "sharp
dull" is a figure of speech that combines normally-contradictory terms. Oxymorons appear in a
variety of contexts, including inadvertent errors such as
, deliberate puns
like
mor
, and literary oxymorons crafted to reveal a paradox.
" consists in stating the contrary of what is meant."
*
m
is a disparity of expression and awareness: when words and actions possess a
significance that the listener or audience understands, but the speaker or character does not.
For example when a character says to another "I'll love you until I die!" not realizing a piano is
about to crush them.
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A (or The character may be speaking his or her thoughts aloud, directly
addressing another character, or speaking to the audience, especially the former. Monologues
are common across the range of dramatic media (plays, films, animation, etc.. It is distinct from
a soliloquy, which is where a character relates his or her thoughts and feelings to him/herself
and to the audience without addressing any of the other characters.[1]
(from Anglo-Saxon, "heart" or "spirit": 3 In literature, a feeling, emotional
state, or disposition of mind--especially the predominating atmosphere or tone of a
literary work. Most pieces of literature have a prevailing mood, but shifts in this prevailing
mood may function as a counterpoint, provide comic relief, or echo the changing events in
the plot. The term is often used synonymously with and m
A is a traditional tale of deep cultural significance to a people in terms
of , eschatology, ritual practice, or models of appropriate and inappropriate
behavior. The myth often (but not always deals with gods, supernatural beings, or
ancestral heroes.
A is, within any story (literary work, movie, play, verbal account, etc., the person who
conveys the story to the audience. When the narrator is also a character within the story, he or
she is sometimes known as the
mm. The narrator (or the female
equivalent, [1] is one of three entities responsible for story-telling of any kind. The
others are the author and theaudience; the latter called the "reader" when referring specifically
to literature.
(Greek, Ʌɸʌɿʋɹʏɸɿɲ is a reversal of circumstances, or turning point. The term is
primarily used with reference to works of literature. The English form of peripeteia is
.
Peripety is a sudden reversal dependent on intellect and logic. In modern
Greek means adventure.
m m is a literary device in which virtue is ultimately rewarded or vice punished, often
in modern literature by an ironic twist of fate intimately related to the character's own conduct.
A (from the Greek ʋʌʘʏɲɶʘʆɿʍʏɼʎ
, "one who plays the first part,
chief actor"[1] is the main character (the central or primary personal figure of a literary,
theatrical, cinematic,video game, or musical narrative, around whom the events of the
narrative's plot revolve and with whom the audience is intended to share the most empathy. In
the theatre of Ancient Greece, three actors played all of the main dramatic roles in a tragedy;
the leading role was played by the protagonist, while the other roles were played
by deuteragonist and the tritagonist.
The , or , is a form of word play which exploits numerous meanings of a
statement, allowing it to be understood in multiple ways for an
intended humorous or rhetorical effect. Puns are used to create humor and sometimes require
a large vocabulary to understand. Puns have long been used by comedy writers, such as William
Shakespeare, Oscar Wilde, and George Carlin.
Î (from Old English
, from
meaning "to give council" or "to read": A
universal form of literature in which a puzzling question or a conundrum is presented to
the reader. The reader is often challenged to solve this enigma, which requires ingenuity in
discovering the hidden meaning. A riddle may
involve , , mm, m(especially , or
unusual .
For instance, the riddle of the sphinx from Sophocles' ©
. The sphinx asks
Oedipus, "What goes on four feet, on two feet, and then three. But the more feet it goes
on, the weaker is he?" The answer is a human being, which crawls as an infant, walks erect
on two feet as an adult, and totters on a staff (the third leg in old age.
is primarily a literary genre or form, although in practice it can also be found in
the graphic and performing arts. In satire, vices, follies, abuses, and shortcomings are held up
to ridicule, ideally with the intent of shaming individuals, and society itself, into
improvement.[1] Although satire is usually meant to be funny, its greater purpose is constructive
social criticism, using wit as a weapon.
: A dramatic sequence that takes place within a single locale (or on stage.
Often scenes serve as the subdivision of an act within a play.
In fiction, includes the time, location, and everything in which a story takes place, and
initiates the main backdrop and mood for a story. Setting has been referred to as story
world [1] or to include a context (especially society beyond the immediate surroundings
of the story. Elements of setting may include culture, historical period, geography, and hour.
Along with plot, character,theme, and style, setting is considered one of the fundamental
components of fiction.[2] A setting is the time, place and social environment a story takes place.
A is a figure of speech comparing two unlike things, often introduced with the words
"like", "as", or "than".[1] Even though similes and metaphors are both forms of comparison,
similes allow the two ideas to remain distinct in spite of their similarities, whereas metaphors
compare two things without using "like" or "as". For instance, a simile that compares a person
with a bullet would go as follows: "Chris was a record-setting runner and as fast as a speeding
bullet." A metaphor might read something like, "When Chris ran, he was a speeding bullet
racing along the track."
A is a device often used in drama whereby a character relates his or her thoughts and
feelings to him/herself and to the audience without addressing any of the other
characters.[1] Soliloquy is distinct from monologue and aside.
A is a secondary plot strand that is a supporting side story for any story or the main
plot. Subplots may connect to main plots, in either time and place or in thematic significance.
Subplots often involve supporting characters, those besides the protagonist or antagonist.
Î : Frequent use of words, places, characters, or objects that mean something
beyond what they are on a literal level. Often the may be ambiguous in meaning.
When multiple objects or characters each seem to have a restricted symbolic meaning,
what often results is an .
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are rules for drama derived from a passage in Aristotle's o m
. In
their neoclassical form they are as follows:
The m : a play should have one main action that it follows, with no or few subplots.
The m: a play should cover a single physical space and should not attempt to
compress geography, nor should the stage represent more than one place.
The : the action in a play should take place over no more than 24 hours.
c is a figurative mode of representation conveying meaning other than the literal.
Allegory communicates its message by means of symbolic figures, actions or symbolic
representation.
An (from Greek ¦
-
, "opponent, competitor, rival"[1] is a
character, group of characters, or an institution, that represents the opposition against which
theprotagonist must contend. In other words, 'A person, or a group of people who oppose the
main character, or the main characters.'[2] In the classic style of story where in the action
consists of a herofighting a villain, the two can be regarded as protagonist and antagonist,
respectively.
or (Ancient Greek: ʃɳɽɲʌʍɿʎ is a Greek word meaning "cleansing" or
"purging".
(from Greek: á
, "songs of merrimakers": In the original meaning of the
word, comedy referred to a 2 of drama during the Dionysia festivals of ancient Athens.
The first comedies were loud and boisterous drunken affairs, as the word's etymology
suggests. Later, in medieval and Renaissance use, the word m came to mean any play
or narrative poem in which the main characters manage to avert an impending disaster
and have a happy ending. The comedy did not necessarily have to be funny, and indeed,
many comedies are serious in tone. It is only in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries
that comedy's exclusive connotations of humor arose.
m is the inclusion of a humorous character, scene or witty dialogue in an otherwise
serious work, often to relieve tension.
In literature, a is a character who contrasts with another character (usually the protagonist
in order to highlight various features of that other character's personality, throwing these
characteristics into sharper focus.
(pronounced /ha ¦p rb li/,[1] from ancient Greek ʋɸʌɴʉʄɼ 'exaggeration', is
a rhetorical device in which statements are exaggerated. It may be used to evoke strong
feelings or to create a strong impression, but is not meant to be taken literally. "The bag
weighed a ton".
A is an analogy between two objects or ideas; the analogy is conveyed by the use of
a metaphorical word in place of some other word. For example: "Her eyes were glistening
jewels".
cc (also called oxymoron: Using contradiction in a manner that oddly makes sense
on a deeper level. Common paradoxes seem to reveal a deeper truth through their
contradictions, such as noting that "without laws, we can have no freedom."
Shakespeare's
also makes use of a famous paradox: "Cowards die many times
before their deaths" (2.2.32. Richard Rolle uses an almost continuous string of paradoxes
in his Middle English work, "Love is Love That Lasts For Aye." Oscar Wilde's "Ballad of
Reading Gaol" notes "And all men kill the thing they love."
A (from the Greek ʋʌʘʏɲɶʘʆɿʍʏɼʎ
, "one who plays the first part,
chief actor"[1] is the main character (the central or primary personal figure of a literary,
theatrical, cinematic,video game, or musical narrative, around whom the events of the
narrative's plot revolve and with whom the audience is intended to share the most empathy. In
the theatre of Ancient Greece, three actors played all of the main dramatic roles in a tragedy;
the leading role was played by the protagonist, while the other roles were played
by deuteragonist and the tritagonist.
is a feeling of uncertainty and anxiety about the outcome of certain actions, most
often referring to an audience's perceptions in a dramatic work. Suspense is not exclusive to
fiction, though. Suspense may operate in any situation where there is a lead up to a big event
or dramatic moment, with tensionbeing a primary emotion felt as part of the situation.
is a literary technique that is a part of composition, which encompasses the attitudes
toward the subject and toward the audience implied in a literary work. Tone may be formal,
informal, intimate, solemn, somber, playful, serious, ironic, condescending, or many other
possible attitudes.[1] Tone and mood are interchangeable.
In Greek mythology, (Ancient Greek: ɇɳʏʐʌʉɿ, ·
are a troop of male companions
of Pan and Dionysus Ͷ "satyresses" were a late invention of poets Ͷ that roamed the woods
and mountains. In mythology they are often associated with pipe playing.
(Greek ȴɸʄʔʉʀ, [ðel¦fi][1] is both an archaeological site and a modern town
in Greece on the south-western spur of Mount Parnassus in the valley of Phocis. In Greek
mythology, Delphi was the site of the Delphic oracle, the most important oracle in the classical
Greek world, and a major site for the worship of the god Apollo after he slew the Python, a
deity who lived there and protected the navel of the Earth.
or (Greek: Ⱦɳɷʅʉʎ, in Greek, Roman and Phoenician mythologies, was a
Phoenician prince,[1] the son of king Agenor and queen Telephassaof Tyre and the brother
of Phoenix, Cilix and Europa.
A (Ancient Greek: ɇʔʀɶʇ /
, sometimes Ɍʀʇ o is a mythological creature that is
depicted as a recumbent feline with a human head.
