pacientTa Canaxatebisa da naxatebis mniSvneloba jgufuri

fsiqoTerapis dros

Zvel egviptelTa andaza

pirovneba, amgvarad, orivea – naxatic da mxatvaric.

is mxatvaria Tavisi sakuTari individualobisa."

sulierad avadmyofTa xelovnebis mimarTFfsiqiatriuli interesi momdinareobs daaxlovebiT 80

wlis win da kidev ufro adreuli periodidan. ramdenime aseuli mniSvnelovani miRweva
swored klinikuri masalidan daiwyo. es uZvelesi droidan momdinarePproblemaa.
• preistoriuli adamianis gamoqvabulis mxatvroba, Zvel egviptelTa ritualuri nivTebi,
indielTa
civilizacia, maias aRdgenili taZrebi da kretas
sasaxleebi jerovnad afaseben adamianis arsebobis mniSvnelobas, rac naTlad Cans misi
xelovnebidan da Semoqmedebidan. am drois adamini samyaros amgvari asaxvis meSveobiT
eZebda Tavis kosmosTan
kavSiris gzebs da ikvlevda arsebobis mniSvnelovnebas. Cven SegviZlia ganvixiloT xelovnebis
buneba da misi funqcia simbolur aspeqtSi.
• zigmund froidis aRmoCena, rom sizmrebs aqvT garkveuli mniSvneloba gaxda arT
(xelovnebis) TerapiaSi fsiqoanalitikuri midgomis Camoyalibebis safuZveli. misma
Teoriam aracnobieris Sesaxeb gavlena moaxdina arT TerapiaSi fsiqoanalitikuri
midgomis ganviTarebaze iseve, rogorc proeqciuli xatvis teqnikis ganviTarebaze, ramac
aracnobieri faqtebis xatebis saxiT amotivtiveba moaxdina.
• anna froidma Zlieri impulsi misca arT Terapiis ganviTarebas. anna iyenebda xelovnebas
da sxva eqpresiul (gamomxatvel) aqtivobebs Tavis praqtikaSi da aRiarebda xelovnebiT
gamoxatvis saSualebas mkurnalobis damxmare meTodad, radganac bavSvebs ar SeeZloT
mozrdilTa Tavisufal asociaciebSi CarTva.
• karl gustav iungi. k.g. iungi gvTavazobs imas, rom Canaxatebis meSveobiT Cven
SegviZlia gamovikvlioT Seucnobadi goneba da gavSifroT dafaruli Zireuli
kompleqsebi. iungi simboloebs miiCnevda erTi arsis sawinaaRmdego mxareebis
gamaerTianebel
elementebad da fsiqikis bunebriv swrafvad, daareguliros Sinagani komfliqtebi da miaRwios
individuacias.
• s. maknifi (1994). aqtiuri warmosaxvis iungiseuli teqnika adaptirebul iqna s. maknifis
mier, romelic miekuTvneba “dialogis warmoebas xatTan”da sxva.
• princhornis wigni “Bildnerei Der Geisteskranken” (“sulierad avadmyofTa
xelovneba”) efuZneboda fsiqozebiT daavadebulTa xelovnebis nimuSebis Sekrebas,
romelic cnobili iyo saxelwodebiT heidelbergis koleqcia da romelic man Seagrova
evropis mravali fsiatriuli saavadmyofodan.
• margaret naumburgi iyenebda spontanur Canaxatebs fsiqoanalizis farglebSi. man Tavis
fsiqoTerapiul midgomas uwoda dinamiurad orientirebuli xelovnebis Terapia. mas
sjeroda, rom Seucnobadi SeiZleba gadmoices simboluri gamoxatvis saSualebiT.
• m.a. seCehei (1951), Sveicareli fsiqoanalitikosi aRwers iseT midgomebs, romlebic axali
simboluri teqnikebis aqcentirebas axdens(simboluri realizacia) da romelTac
mniSvnelovani damatebebiT gaamdidres SizofreniiT daavadebulTa mkurnaloba
 • ediT kramerma (1979, 1993) Tavisi muSaobiT bavSvebTan gansakuTrebiT
amaxvilebda yuradRebas sublimaciis mniSvnelobaze da sxva damcav meqanizmebze,
romlebic froidis Teoriidan gamomdinareobda.
• arT Terapevt - iudiT rubinis (1978, 1987) Tanaxmad, pacientis fsiqoTerapiuli gageba
gacilebiT umjobesdeba xelovnebis meSveobiT gamoxatvis gamoyenebiT, romelic
ganixileba rogorc Terapia.
• m. milnerma(1957, 1969) gamoikvlia da moaxdina fsiqoanalitikuri principebis
integrireba Tavis klinikur praqtikaSi, rac moicavda analizis, kriatiulobisa
(SemoqmedebiTobis) da mxatvruli procesis urTierTqmedebas;
• m. leviki (1983) ganixilavs xelovnebiT gamoxatvas rogorc arekvlas, asaxvas damcavi
meqanizmebisa;

• d. vinikotma (1971) aseve unikaluri wvlili Seitana bavSvebSi xelovnebisa da

TamaSis Terapiis fsiqoanalitikur gagebaSi; vinikotis ideebi (swrafi weris teqnika da
xelovnba da ambis Txroba), vinikotis (1953) koncefciebi “gardamavali sivrcisa”
da “gardamavali obieqtebis” Sesaxeb warmoadgenen arT Terapiis gansakuTrebuli interesis
sagans.

• J. Saveriens (1992) farTod aqvs gamokvleuli analitikuri fsiqologiis roli arT Terapiis
procesSi, man warmogvidgina analizis procesSi xatis Seqmnis funqciis dResdReobiT
yvelaze yovelmxrivi gamokvleva.
• m. edvardsma (1987), britanelma arT Terapevtma, romelmac iungis analizis meTodiT
gaiara swavleba, SemogvTavaza analitikuri Teoriisa da arT Terapiis integracia.
• e. valasma (1975, 1987), mxatvarma da analitikosma, moaxdina aqtiuri warmosaxvisa da
xelovnebiTi gamosaxvis kombinireba;
• m. keiesma (1983) erTmaneTs Seurwya iungis principebi ufro humanistiuri safuZvlebis
mqone Terapiebs, rogorsac warmoadgenen transaqciuli analizi da geStaltis Terapia;
• j. alanma (1988) moaxdina iungis principebis kombinireba konsultaciur principebTan
bavSvebTan muSaobis procesSi;
• ukanakvnel xans m. framklinma, m. farel – hensenma, da s. valingfordma, (2000)
daakavSires transpersonaluri midgoma arT TerapiasTan da gaaerTianes iungis
fsiqologia transpersonalur fsiqologiasa da spiritualur praqtikebTan
• fsiqoanalitikur midgomisas, iseve rogorc arT Terapiul bevr sxva midgomebisas,
Terapevtisa da jgufis rolia interpersonaluri urTierTobebis fasilitacia, rac pirovnebas
stimuls aZlevs Seqmnas spontanuri xatebi da aRmoaCinos personaluri mniSvneloba Tavis
mxatvrul gamosaxulebebSi.
II meTodebi da parametrebi, gamoyenebuli jgufuri fsiqoTerapiis dros gakeTebuli
Canaxatebisa da naxatebis struqturuli analizisTvis
• garegani (formaluri) parametrebi
– qaRaldis furclis formatis zoma, romelic Canaxatebis gasakeTeblad gamoiyeneba
– adaminis figurebi
– abstraqtuli simboloebi (ricxvebi, geometriuli figurebi)
– mcenarrebi, cxovelebi
– ferebi
meTodebi:
• prezentaciis avtori 1988 wlidan uZRveba nevrozebis mqone pacientebis Terapiul jgufs
Tbilisis (saqarTvelo) fsiqiatriul saavadmyofoSi. moqmedi jgufebi iyo patara, daxuruli da
Ria, heterogeniuli, socialur – kulturaluri TaviseburebebiT.
• Tematuri Canaxatebi
• proeqciuli Canaxaturi xasiaTis naxatis funqciaa uzrunvelyos jgufi damatebiTi sadiskusio
masaliT. es im problemisa da gamocdilebebis gamoaaSkaravebisa da gagebis saSualebas
iZleva, romelTa verbalizacia rTulia.
 • sesiebi Semdegnairad ewyoba: yoveli pacienti iRebs TeTri qaRaldis furcels, ferad
fanqars da iwyebs Tematuri naxatis xatvas. Tema SeiZleba exebodes rogorc individualur,
aseve jgufur problemebs:
vin var me, vin minda rom viyo, ras warmovadgen garSemo myofi adamianebisaTvis;
Cemi ojaxi, rodesac me viyavi ZalianApatara; Cemi ojaxi axla; Cemi mSoblebi; me xalxs
Soris; Cemi koncefcia nevrozis mqone pacientsa da janmrTeli adaminis Sesaxeb; Cemi
yvelaze rTuli problema; yvelaze sasiamovno da yvelaze usiamovno mogoneba an
gamocdileba (bavSvobasa an, zogadad, cxovrebiseuli); Cemi mTavari problema; ra ar
momwons adamianebSi; sami survili; bednierebis kunZuli; cxovreba nevrozis gareSe;
Cemi mTavari gmirebi; Cemi jgufi; jgufis romelime wevri.

2. Tavisufali naxati
• imisaTvis, rom jgufis wevrebs avuxsnaT, Tu rogor gamoviyenoT Canaxati an naxati
masala, sasurvelia movaxdinoT mokle demonstrireba imisa, Tu rogor vixmaroT
pastelis carci. naxatis Seqnmas 30 wuTi miaqvs. pirvel rigSi, jgufis wevrebi msjeloben, ra
undoda eTqva naxatis avtors Tavisi CanaxatiT da saubroben naxatisadan gamomdinare
im asociaciebis Sesaxeb, romelic gonebaSi mosdiT. Semdeg dgeba avtoris jeri, isaubros
Tavisi naxatis Sesaxeb. msjeloben interpretaciebis gansxvavebebze.
SesaZlebelia sesiis Catareba sxvadasxva gziT, rodesac mTeli jgufi xatavs erTi da igive
naxats. am SemTxvevaSi msjelobis sagani xdeba yoveli wevris monawileoba,
yoveli pacientis wvlilis xasiaTi naxatis Seqmnis procesSi da
maTi urTierTqmedeba jgufis SigniT. es meTodi proeqciuli arT Terapiis tips
warmoadgens, sadac naxatebis Sesaxeb msjeloba jgufSi mimdinareobs jgufis yoveli
wevris problemisa da mTeli jgufis, rogorc mTliani organizmis, problemis warmoCinebis
mizniT.
3. amplifikaciis meTodi
• amplifikacia Tavdapirvelad warmoadgenda ocnebis interpretaciis meTods, romelic
SemuSavebul iqna iungis mier da romelic gansxvavdeba im Tavisufal asociaciisagan,
romelSic igulisxmeba “xatTan asocireba” misi yvela aspeqtis ganxilviT (h. makkoneghei,
2001).
• zogadad, arsebobs ori sxvadasxva midgoma amplifikaciis mimarT: subieqturi da
obieqturi (m.keiesi,1983). obieqturi amplifikaciis dros analitikosi krebs Temebs
miTologiidan, religiidan da sxva wyaroebidan, rom axsnas simbolo. subieqturi
amplifikaciis dros
adamiani iyenebs “aqtiuri warmosaxvis” teqnikas, raTa ipovossimbolos asociaciebi.
• aqtiuri warmosaxva aris meTodi, romelic k. iungma (1916) aRwera rogorc adamianSi
SemoqmedebiTobis (kreatiulobis) ganTavisuflebis gza misi fantaziisa da ocnebebis, rogorc
gamojanmrTelebis ZiriTadi meTodis, gamoyenebiT. es aris dinamiuri produqcia Sinagani
xatebisa, sadac adamins saSualeba eZleva Tvalyuri adevnos am xatebs (j. iakobi, 1942).

III. ras warmoadgens fsiqozebis, nevrozebis da personaluri aSlilobebis mqone

pacientebis Canaxatebisa da naxatebis Taviseburebebi da gansxvavebebi?

garegani (formaluri) parametrebi

• a) orive sqesis, rogorc Sizofreniis mqone, aseve nevrotul pacientTa umravlesoba irCevs
furclis erTi da igive zomas
• b) adamianis figurebi ufro xSiria nevrotuli daavadebebis, personaluri aSlilobebis mqone
adamianTa naxatebSi, vidre Sizofreniis mqone pacientebSi
• g) ferebi da emociebi naklebad xSiria Sizofreniis mqone pacientebis naxatebSi, vidre
nevrotuli daavadebebis adamianTa naxatebSi
• d) depresiuli ganwyoba axasiaTebs ufero Canaxatebs Sizofreniis, nevrozisa da
personaluri aSlilobebis mqone pacientTa naxatebs
• e) Sizofreniis mqone pacientebis naxatebi xasiaTdeba SemdegiT:
– geometriuli formebis, rogorc sqematuri, aseve dekoratiuli elementebis
gamoyenebiT
– abstraqtuli simboloebiT
– elementebis SemWidrovebiT (kondensaciiT)
– naxatebis umravlesoba statikuria
– Sizofreniuli fraqciebiT
– perspeqtivis moSliT
– kompoziciis simetriisa da balansis rRveviT
• zemoT xsenebuli garegani (formaluri) Taviseburebebi SegviZlia aRmovaCinoT nevrotuli
daavadebebisa da pirovnebis aSlilobebis mqone pacientebSic. diagnozebi aq yovelTvis
daismis pacientTa naxatebis asociaciebze dayrdnobiT
2. asociaciebi, warmoqmnili nevrozebis mqone pacientebis
naxatebisa da Canaxatebis safuZvelze
• asociaciebi, warmoqmnili nevrozebis mqone pacientebis naxatebisa da Canaxatebis
safuZvelze :
• a) mJRavndeba, ZiriTadad, interpersonaluri konfliqtebi;
• b) dakavSirebulia mikro – socialur problemebTan( ojaxi, samuSao);
• g) Cveulebriv aris konkretuli da dakavSirebuli naxatis SinaarsTan
• d) aSkara asociaciebi naklebadaa, vidre SizofreniiT daavadebul adaminTa naxatebSi
• e) axlavT adeqvaturi emociebi
3. asociaciebi, warmoqmnili Sizofreniis mqone pacientebis
naxatebisa da Canaxatebis safuZvelze

• asociaciebi, warmoqmnili Sizofreniis mqone pacientebis naxatebisa da Canaxatebis

safuZvelze :
• a) ZiriTadad orientirebulia intrafsiqikur / transpersonalur sferoze;
• b) aqvT susti kavSirebi yoveldRiur cxovrebasTan;
• g) arian abstaqtulebi da aqvT somboluri mniSvneloba, xSirad ar arian dakavSirebulni
naxatebis SinaarsTan
• d) asociaciebi ufro aSkaraa
• e) axlavT araadeqvaturi emociebi
4.asociaciebi, warmoqmnili personaluri aSlilobebis mqone
pacientebis naxatebisa da Canaxatebis safuZvelze

personaluri aSlilobebis mqone adaminebis Canaxatebi da naxatebi gviCveneben

xasiaTis mTavar struqturas
isteriuli wris fsiqopaTi
pirovnebis asTeniuri damokidebuli aSlilobebi
pirovnebis Oobsesiur kompulsiuri aSlilobebi
O pirovnebis obsesiur kompulsiuri aSlilobebi

IV. ra aris Canaxatebisa da naxatebis ZiriTadi praqtikuli faseuloba

da maTi gamoyenebis mniSvneloba jgufuri fsiqoTerapiis seansis
dros?

1. naxati SeiZleba iyos faseuli instrumenti im jgufis wevrebTan urTierTobisas, romelTac

aqvT problema, da uWirT Tavisi Tavis verbalurad gamoxatva
2. Canaxatebi da naxatebi pirovnebis problemisagan namdvili decentrirebis saSualebas
gvaZleven
3. zogierTTa realur gamomJRavnebas jer kidev ar gamouaSkaravebia Sinagani
konfliqtebi
4. naxats ara marto midgomebis gansxvavebuli gzebis warmoCineba SeuZlia, aramed
mas agreTve SeuZlia gamoamJRavnos problemebi, romelic aRelvebs pacients da romlis
Sesaxebac man ar icis.
5. es problemebi SeiZleba moicavdes: a) ojaxis dinamikas, b) mwuxarebisa da
danakargis faqtebs an g) ufro seriozul sakiTxebs. naxati uzrunvelyofs SesaZleblobas
vimsjeloT da aseve amovicnoT es peoblemebi
6. naxati gamoiyeneba rogorc proeqciuli testi da intervenciuli teqnika;
7. yoveli naxati gviyveba ambavs da exmareba jgufis wevrebs, gaxdnen ufro sensitiurebi
da TanamgrZnobni (empaTiurni) erTmaneTis mimarT maTi naxatebis meSveobiT;
8. jgufis wevrebi swavloben, Tu rogor igrZnon Tavi dajerebulad, darwmunebulad
naxatebTan muSaobis dros, raTa jgufis wevrTa naxatebiT amoicnon ojaxuri dinamika;
9. maT aqvT diagnostikuri da prognozuli unari sxvadasxva tipis pacientebTan
 10. personaluri aSlilobebis mqone pacientebis Canaxatebi da naxatebi gviCvenebs
ZiriTadad xasiaTis struqturas;
11. Tavisufali naxati vizualur formas aZlevs Cvens miRma myof Seucnobad fsiqikur
energias, romelic Cvens blokirebas axdens Sinagani samyarosagan, riTac asustebs mis
Cvenze zemoqmedebas;
12. qaRaldze gadmotanil ZalTa gamovlinebis meTvalyureobiT, jgufis wevrebs SeuZliaT
TavianTi Sinagani samyaros ukeTes perspeqtivas Cawvdnen, romlis gagebac migviyvans
Seucnobadi energiebis kontrolisagan ganTavisuflebamde.
V. ra gavlenas axdens Canaxatebisa da naxatebis Sesaxeb msjeloba jgufur procesze?
1.zrdis jgufis SekavSirebulobasa da mis wevrTa urTierTdamokidebulebas
2. qmnis komunikaciur qselebs
3. Tavs iCens mravali gadataniTi reaqciebi