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Cryogenic Machining and Its Applications

This document summarizes cryogenic machining, which uses liquid nitrogen as a coolant for tools. Cryogenic machining reduces tool-chip interface temperatures, tool wear, and improves tool life, production rates, cutting forces, surface finish and product quality. It allows higher machining rates of difficult materials like hardened steels, super alloys, carbides and composites. The document reviews the technology, its effects on cutting forces, tool wear, friction and surface finish. It has applications in aerospace and automotive industries for machining alloys like titanium, nickel and cobalt alloys. Cryogenic machining provides environmental and cost benefits over traditional wet cooling.

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2K views18 pages

Cryogenic Machining and Its Applications

This document summarizes cryogenic machining, which uses liquid nitrogen as a coolant for tools. Cryogenic machining reduces tool-chip interface temperatures, tool wear, and improves tool life, production rates, cutting forces, surface finish and product quality. It allows higher machining rates of difficult materials like hardened steels, super alloys, carbides and composites. The document reviews the technology, its effects on cutting forces, tool wear, friction and surface finish. It has applications in aerospace and automotive industries for machining alloys like titanium, nickel and cobalt alloys. Cryogenic machining provides environmental and cost benefits over traditional wet cooling.

Uploaded by

indra089
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Cryogenic Machining and its

Applications
By
Indranil Banerjee
Roll-000711701021
B.Production.Engineering
4th Yr, 1st Sem

Under the Guidance of: Prof. S. Chkrobarty


What is Cryogenic Machining?
Using Liquid Nitrogen (ln 2) as a Coolant for Tools
Why Cryogenic Machining?
Environmentally sound
Chip Tool Interface Temperature greatly reduced
Reduced Tool Wear
Greater tool life
Higher production rates
Higher Cutting Force and Reduced Force Variance
Greater Product Quality
No mist collection, filtration, wet chips, contaminated
work pieces or disposal cost
Power Saving
Liquid Nitrogen
Temperature -196˚C -321˚F
Colorless
Inert, doesn’t react with other
materials
Non toxic
Readily vaporizes into gas.
A Machine Utilizing Cryogenic Machining and
Schematic Diagram of the Machine Set-up
Nozzle Tool Assembly
Effect Of Cryogenic Machining on
Cutting Force
Effect of Cryogenic Machining on Tool
Wear

View of Worn out Tip of SNMG Inserts Under Dry and Cryogenic Cooling
Effect of Cryogenic Machining on Friction
Coefficient

Effect of Cryogenic Machining on Surface Finish


Greater Tool Life
Application of Cryogenic Machining
Material Properties:
o Difficult to Machine Materials
o High Shear Strength
o High Work Hardening Capacity
o Low Thermal Conductivity and Specific Heat and thus
High Cutting Temperature
o Materials that Absorbs Oxygen in High Temperature and
Become Brittle
o Wear Resistant Alloys
o High Abrasive Quality of the Material
o Super Alloys
Application of Cryogenic Machining
Hardened Steel and
Irons Wrought Co-
Cr Alloy
Machining of
Stellite
Composites
Ti-6Al-
4v Alloy

Polymer:
Polyurethane,
Silicone etc.

Machining
Tantalum
Nickel
Machining alloys
of Carbide
Dies
Commercialization of Cryogenic
Machining
First Introduced in Industry by Project Team
Icefly Collaboration with Hardinge Machine
Tool Builder in 2003
 Specially
developed for turning
 Some application for milling.

Now-a-days it is Used for:


 High Speed Machining for hard and super alloys
 Aerospace and Automobile Industries

Recent Breakthrough:
 MAGthe global tool manufacturers are bringing out new
machine tools that utilizes cryogenic machining technology.
Advantages of Cryogenic
Machining
Tool life increases up to 40% in Titanium
turning.
Tool life increases up to 130% in Hard turning.
Increase in MRR up to 290% in Hard turning.
Increase in MRR up to 60% in Titanium
milling.
Tool life increases up to 260% in Titanium
milling
Conclusion
It is a very effective machining technique that utilizes
liquid nitrogen as coolant to bring down the
temperature at the chip tool interface, reducing the
tool wear and improving the product quality.
It has shown excellent results in machining difficult to
machine materials, hard materials, super alloys etc.
and found a place in the aerospace and automobile
industries.
References
 ‘Cryogenic Machining’- Technology Innovation Forum, Project Icefly, B&E Tool,
11/18/09
 Experimental Investigation of Cryogenic Cooling by Liquid Nitrogen in the
Orthogonal Machining Process M.Dhananchezian, M. Pradeep kumar , A. Rajadurai
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Anna University Chennai, India.
 Cryogenic Machining of Tantalum
Z.Y.Wang, Nevada Manufacturing Research Center, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering,
University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA
K.P. Rajurkar and J. Fan, Industrial and Management Systems Engineering Dept.,
University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
G. Petrescu, Nevada Manufacturing Research Center, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering,
University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA
 Friction and cutting forces in cryogenic machining of Ti–6Al–4V
Shane Y. Hong , Yucheng Ding, Woo-cheol Jeong
 CRYOGENIC TREATMENT OF CUTTING TOOLS - ANDREW YONG
 ‘Effects of cryogenic treatment and refrigerated air on tool wear when machining
medium density fiberboard’- Judith Gisipa, Rado Gazob,∗, Harold A. Stewart c
Thank You

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