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LIDAR

LIDAR uses laser pulses to measure distance by timing how long it takes for the pulses to return after reflecting off objects. It can be used to map terrain, buildings, vegetation and more in high resolution 3D models. LIDAR systems consist of a laser, scanner, photodetector, and navigation components. It has advantages over traditional photography like enabling 3D data collection day or night with direct height measurements. Common applications include agriculture, archaeology, biology, geology, and hydrology.

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Manish Pathak
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4K views14 pages

LIDAR

LIDAR uses laser pulses to measure distance by timing how long it takes for the pulses to return after reflecting off objects. It can be used to map terrain, buildings, vegetation and more in high resolution 3D models. LIDAR systems consist of a laser, scanner, photodetector, and navigation components. It has advantages over traditional photography like enabling 3D data collection day or night with direct height measurements. Common applications include agriculture, archaeology, biology, geology, and hydrology.

Uploaded by

Manish Pathak
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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LIDAR

GAJENDRA KUMAR
EC 3rd YR.
ROLL NO.- 0800131040
MADE BY: MANISH KR.

CONTENTS
 Introduction
 LIDAR- What???
Why???
How(operating principle)???

 Traditional photography VS Lidar


 Components and
 Characteristics
LIDAR
 Light Detection And
Ranging
 is an optical remote
sensing technology that
can measure the
distance to, or other
properties of a target by
illuminating the target
with light, often using
pulses from a laser.
General Description
 LIDAR uses ultraviolet, visible, or
near infrared light to image objects and
can be used with a wide range of targets,
including non-metallic objects, rocks, rain,
chemical compounds, aerosols, clouds and
even single molecules.[1] A narrow laser
beam can be used to map physical
features with very high resolution.
HOW????
 Each time the laser is pulsed:
 Laser generates an optical
pulse
 Pulse is reflected off an object
and returns
to the system receiver
 High-speed counter
measures the time of flight
from the start pulse to the
return pulse
 Time measurement is
converted to a distance (the
distance to the target and the
position of the airplane is then
used to determine
the elevation and location)
 Multiple returns can be
measured for each pulse
COMPONENTS::

1. LASER
2. SCANNER AND OPTICS
3. PHOTODETECTOR AND RECEIVER
4. POSITION AND NAVIGATIONAL SYS.
LASER
-600–1000 nm lasers are most common
for non scientific applications
-Airborne topographic mapping lidars
generally use 1064 nm diode pumped
YAG lasers
-Better target resolution is achieved with
shorter pulses, provided the LIDAR
receiver detectors and electronics have
sufficient bandwidth[1].
SCANNER AND OPTICS
 How fast images can be developed is also
affected by the speed at which it can be
scanned into the system .
 There are several options to scan the
azimuth and elevation, including dual
oscillating plane mirrors, a combination
with a polygon mirror, a dual axis scanner
PHOTODETECER
 Two main photodetector technologies are
used in lidars: solid state photodetectors,
such as silicon avalanche photodiodes, or
photomultipliers
 The sensitivity of the receiver is another
parameter that has to be balanced in a
LIDAR design.
NAVIGATIONAL SYS.
 LIDAR sensors that are mounted on
mobile platforms such as airplanes or
satellites require instrumentation to
determine the absolute position and
orientation of the sensor.
 Such devices generally include a Global
Positioning System receiver and an Inertial
Measurement Unit (IMU).
BASIC PRINCIPLE
 Similar principle to RADAR
– pulses of light emitted
into the atmosphere and
scattered back by clouds,
aerosols or air molecules
 Light collected by a
telescope
 Spectrometers or
interference filters isolate
wavelength concerned
 Photon-counting or
analogue detection
 Time-of-flight gives
scattering height z=2ct
TRADITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHY
VS
LIDAR

1.Day time collection only 1.Day or night data


acquisition
2. Complicated and
sometimes unreliable 2.Direct acquisition of
procedures 3D collection
3. Planimetric accuracy is
better than vertical* 3. Vertical accuracy is
better than
planimetric*
APPLICATIONS

 AGRICULTURE
 ARCHAEOLOGY
 BIOLOGY & CONSERVATION
 GEOLOGY
 HYDROLOGY
 METROLOGY

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