Crime Against Humanity

Indict Iran's Ruling Mullahs for Massacre of 30,000 Political Prisoners

List of 3,208Victims of Massacre

National Council of Resistance of Iran Foreign Affairs Committee

Crime Against Humanity

Indict Iran's Ruling Mullahs for Massacre of 30,000 Political Prisoners
List of 3,208 Victims of Massacre

National Council of Resistance of Iran Foreign Affairs Committee

Copyright 2001 by Foreign Affairs Committee of the National Council of Resistance of Iran. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.

ISBN : 0 9540035 0 0

A publication of the Foreign Affairs Committee of the National Council of Resistance of Iran. Correspondence address: B.P.18, 95430 Auvers-sur-Oise, France.

THIS BOOK IS DEDICATED TO

more than 30,000 women and men, of all ages, of all types, of all tastes, united in a single goal; that of Irans liberation from the clutches of fundamentalist tyranny. They perished in the massacre of 1988, when the orders came to exterminate all political prisoners. The vast majority of them were under thirty; most had been in jail for years, many since they were only thirteen or fourteen years old. As they were being led to execution dozens at a time, day after day, a short poem became popular among prisoners: Every dawn the storm comes To mow the young red roses down But this garden, where the water is blood, Will for ever be full of red roses. This book is dedicated to the countless red roses of the Iranian peoples resistance against tyranny.

Contents
Foreword Introduction
A call for justice i v

I II

A Damning Document
19 39

Excerpts from The Memoirs of Grand Ayatollah Hossein-Ali Montazeri

How Many Executions?

Mojahedins statement on Montazeris revelations 45

III

Crimes Against Humanity, Crimes Against Women

Statement by Womens Committee of National Council of Resistance 49

IV

Wanted for Crimes Against Humanity

A list of proposed indictments against 21 leaders and officials of Iranian regime 77

Legal Grounds

A review of international law and legal precedents for the establishment of an international tribunal for Iran 85

VI

Eyewitnesses Speak Out

A collection of reports and accounts of the massacre by some of the few survivors

VII

Mass Graves

95

Discovery of scores of secret graves where the bodies of the victims of mass executions were buried

VIII

A Shocked World Watches in Disbelief

115

Reports and resolutions by United Nations human rights rapporteurs, the General Assembly, the Human Rights Commission, NGOs, etc., on the massacre

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A List of Victims

133

Hitherto unpublished list of names and particulars of 3,208 victims of the massacre

Foreword

Crimes against international law are committed by men, not by abstract entities, and only by punishing individuals who commit such crimes can the provisions of international law be enforced

(Judgment of the Nuremberg Tribunal, 30th September and 1st October 1946, Cmd. 6964, Misc. No. 12, London: H.M.S.O 1946, p. 41)
Even though the Nuremberg Tribunal more than half a century ago set a precedent, under international law, for a universalistic approach to crimes against humanity, the concept of universal jurisdiction over such crimes did not gain broad international acceptance until the world was shaken, once again, by the atrocities in the former Yugoslavia and Rwanda. The Statute of the International Criminal Court has not yet been ratified by the sixty countries needed for the treaty to come into operation. But UN officials have indicated that with more than 130 signatures, they expect that by mid-2002 the necessary threshold will be reached. The overwhelming support for the ICC reaffirms the strong public support for international accountability and the punishment of perpetrators of genocide, war crimes, and crimes against humanity. Unfortunately, the jurisdiction of the Court will not be retrospective, and some means have to be found of dealing with exceptionally serious crimes of the recent past. There has been discussion of ad hoc tribunals, and in one case, Sierra Leone, where it is estimated that tens of thousands have been killed, the United Nations is actually setting up a special court to try the leaders who ordered those crimes.

Crime Against Humanity

Ayatollah Hossein-Ali Montazeri says that in the first few days of the Iranian massacre in 1988, thousands were killed, and at a conservative estimate, the final death toll was in the region of 30,000. It may be politically impossible to establish a formal means of bringing the culprits to justice, but it must be said that the episode of 1988 presents an unavoidable challenge to the will and consistency of the international community in dealing with such crimes. Moreover, since that time, there has been a constant flow of evidence regarding the merciless extermination by the rgime of its political opponents, from human rights NGOs, the Special Rapporteur on Iran of the UN Human Rights Commission, and thousands of individual witnesses. Now, Ayatollah Montazeri has shown that the orders for extrajudicial executions come from the very top. He reproduces in his book the text of the fatwa issued by Khomeini, ordering the deaths of political prisoners. Khomeini wrote: It is decreed that those who are in prisons throughout the country and remain steadfast in their support for the Monafeqin [Mojahedin] are waging war on God and are condemned to execution. The task of implementing the decree in Tehran is entrusted to Hojjatol-Islam Nayyeri, the religious judge, Mr. Eshraqi, the Tehran prosecutor, and a representative of the Intelligence Ministry. Even though a unanimous decision is better, the view of a majority of the three must prevail. In prisons in the provinces, the views of a majority of a trio consisting of the religious judge, the revolutionary prosecutor, and the Intelligence Ministry representative must be obeyed. It is nave to show mercy to those who wage war on God. The decisive way in which Islam treats the enemies of God is among the unquestionable tenets of the Islamic rgime... Those who are making the decisions must not hesitate, nor show any doubt or be concerned with details. They must try to be most ferocious against infidels. This fatwa was issued in July 1988, and the bloodshed continued for the next five months. In March 1989, Le Monde reported: Imam Khomeini summoned the Revolutionary Prosecutor, Hojjatol-Islam Khoeiniha, to instruct him that henceforth all Mojahedin, those in prisons or elsewhere, must be killed for waging war on God. The executions followed summary trials. The trial consisted of various means of pressuring the prisoners to repent, to change their ways and confess. Cases of young Mojahedin who were executed included some who were jailed about eight years earlier, when they were 12 to 14 years old, for taking part in public demonstrations. Edward Mortimer wrote in the Financial Times of August 17, 1988: Iran has resorted to mass executions of political prisoners, possibly intended to forestall or divert attacks on the Government by groups angry at its acceptance of UN peace terms...

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Foreword

The people executed were in prison long before these events. Some had been given death sentences which had been suspended, often because the people concerned had formally repented of their crimes and pledged support for the rgime. Others had been given prison sentences of which they had already served the greater part, while yet others were still on trial. So the world knew generally what was going on, but the missing piece of the jigsaw was the text of Khomeinis fatwa, though, ironically, another fatwa by Mr. Khomeini issued about six months later, against Salman Rushdie in February 1989, gained much international infamy. The people who carried out the first decree murdered thousands of political prisoners after summary trials that lasted only a few minutes. Most of them, except Khomeini and his son who are dead, continue to occupy the top echelons of power in the Islamic Republic of Iran. It is clear why the moderates colluded with the hardliners for the trial of those involved in the chain murders of dissidents in 1998 to be held in camera. While President Khatami has said there is nothing to hide in the case of the chain murders, almost certainly, some of the officials who were involved in the massacre of 1988 were also guilty parties in the more recent wave of killings. If those responsible for this crime against humanity go free, a terrible injustice will have been done to the victims, their families, and the survivors of the mass executions. The cause of international justice and universality of jurisdiction over crimes against humanity will have been seriously impaired. It is essential that the UN Human Rights Commission should now conduct a proper investigation of the events of 1988, with extra resources allocated to the Rapporteur on Extrajudicial Executions for the purpose. The international community should reserve the right to demand that, in order to comply with accepted norms of justice, a future Iranian government itself should bring to justice those who were responsible for this enormous crime. Eric Avebury Member of the House of Lords, Vice-chairman of the British Parliamentary Human Rights Group January 2001

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Introduction

A CALL FOR JUSTICE

In December 2000, Hossein-Ali Montazeri, a 79-year-old cleric who had been for ten years the designated successor to Khomeini, the supreme ruler of the theocratic regime in Iran, published his memoirs. The book revealed shocking documents on the atrocities committed by the clerical regime, none so horrendous as the massacre of 30,000 political prisoners in 1988 on the orders of Khomeini. Montazeris book was not the first time the world was hearing about this massacre. News of the carnage began to trickle through the iron curtain of censorship imposed by the mullahs to ensure a complete blackout on their crime. By autumn 1988, many human rights organizations and NGOs were already voicing alarm over the mass executions in Iran and urging a full international inquiry. Montazeris book does possess a unique legal and political value, however, in that he reveals, for the first time, some key documents on the way the massacre began and was conducted. Most important among the documents is the text of Khomeinis fatwa - religious edict that in clergy-ruled Iran has the force of law ordering the massacre of all political prisoners. Whoever at any stage continues to belong to the Monafeqin [Mojahedin] must be executed. Annihilate the enemies of Islam immediately, Khomeini decreed.

Crime Against Humanity

What gives added weight to the revelations is that they are being made by a man who was, at the time of the executions, the officially ordained successor to Khomeini and the second highest authority in the land. Even today, Montazeri makes it clear that he speaks from within the clerical regime, cares about its survival, and in no way condones any action to undermine or change this regime. Indeed, beyond the revelation of certain key documents and facts, Montazeri attempts to whitewash the role of the highest levels of government in the carnage. The documents and accounts in Montazeris memoirs complement and corroborate thousands of substantive reports and official complaints by eyewitnesses and families of the victims of the massacre. They prove beyond a shadow of doubt that the most senior officials of the clerical regime took part in the implementation of the policy of exterminating political prisoners in 1988. Speaking on French television in February 1989, Hashemi Rafsanjani, the then acting commander in chief of the armed forces and Speaker of the Majlis, said that the number of political prisoners executed in the past few months was less than 1,000 (Iran Yearbook 89/90). The then President Ali Khamenei, now the regimes Supreme Leader, told a meeting at Tehran University: As regards mass executions... those in prison who had contacts with the Monafeqin, who mounted an armed incursion against the Islamic Republic, do you think we should have given these prisoners sweets for this?... They are condemned to death and we execute them. We do not joke with this (Tehran radio, December 5, 1988). The newspaper Iran News wrote about Khomeinis decree: This decree was issued at a time when President Mohammad Khatami was the Director of Ideological and Cultural Affairs of the Armed Forces' High Command. He implemented the Imams decree in the most decisive manner, (Iran News, April 10, 2000). Another state-controlled daily, Ressalat, wrote the same day: Mr. Khatami, who was the Director of Cultural Affairs of the Armed Forces' High Command, vigorously supported the Imam's decree, (Ressalat, April 10, 2000). Abdulkarim Moussavi Ardebili, the Chief Justice at the time of the carnage, declared publicly: They must all be executed There is not going to be any more of this sentencing and appeals (Tehran radio, August 6, 1988). The Paris-based Le Monde wrote in March 1989: Imam Khomeini summoned the Revolutionary Prosecutor, Hojjatol-Islam Khoeiniha, to instruct him that henceforth all of the Mojahedin, those in prisons or anywhere else, should be executed for waging war on God. The executions followed summary trials. The trial consisted of various means of pressuring the prisoners to repent, to change their ways and confess Cases of young Mojahedin who were executed included some who were jailed about eight years ago, when 12 to 14 years old, for taking part in public

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A Call for Justice

demonstrations (Le Monde, March 1, 1989). The massacre that went on in Irans prisons in the second half of 1988 undoubtedly fits into the category of crimes against humanity; crimes that are so serious as to mandate universal enforcement, jurisdiction, and responsibility. The Iranian Resistance has presented to the relevant international authorities the files on twenty-one senior leaders and officials of the Iranian regime who have acted as the principal protagonists of the massacre. It has called on the United Nations Security Council to establish a tribunal to indict and try these individuals on the basis of international law and legal precedents that range from the Nuremberg Tribunal at the end of the Second World War to the international criminal tribunals for Rwanda and the former Yugoslavia, mandated by Security Council resolutions. The individuals whose indictment by an international tribunal has been requested are as follows:
Name Ali Khamenei Ali-Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani Mohammad Khatami Position in 1988 President Acting Commander in Chief of the Armed Forces, Majlis Speaker Minister of Guidance, Director of Cultural Division in Armed Forces High Command Chief Justice Chief Revolutionary Prosecutor Intelligence Minister (Senior) Deputy Intelligence Minister Religious judge and head of the revolutionary tribunals Deputy Intelligence Minister Tehran prosecutor Current Position Supreme Leader Head of the State Exigencies Council President

Abdulkarim Moussavi Ardebili Mohammad Moussavi Khoeiniha Mohammad Mohammadi Rayshahri Ali Fallahian Jaafar Nayyeri Mostafa Pourmohammadi Morteza Eshraghi

Marja Taqlid (religious guide) based in Qom Leader of Khatamis faction Khameneis rep. in Hajj (Mecca pilgrimage) Member of Assembly of Experts Deputy President of the Supreme Court Advisor for Security to Khamenei Senior judicial official

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Crime Against Humanity

Gholam-Hossein Mohseni Ezhei Mohammad Mohammadi Gilani Ali Younessi Ali-Akbar Mohtashami Ebrahim Raissi Mohammad Moghissei Seyyed Hossein Mortazavi Ali Mobasheri Mohammad Ismail Shoushtari Ali-Akbar Velayati Religious judge Prosecutor for the Special Court for the Clergy

Secretary, Council of Guardians President of the Supreme Court Religious judge Minister of Interior Deputy Prosecutor for Tehran Governor of Gohardasht prison Governor of Evin Prison Religious judge at Evin Prison Head of State Prisons Organizations, senior member of death committee Foreign Minister Intelligence Minister Leader of Khatamis faction in Majlis Head of State Inspectorate Office Senior figure in the judiciary Senior figure in the judiciary Head of Tehran's Justice Department Minister of Justice

Senior advisor to Khamenei

The massacre of political prisoners in 1988 is by no means the only crime against humanity committed by these individuals and other officials of the Iranian regime. Other crimes include, inter alia, systematic torture, ethnically- and religiouslymotivated genocide, institutionalized discrimination against women and systematic rape of women and girls in prisons, persecution on political and cultural grounds, and assassination of hundreds of dissidents outside Iran. In the face of such compelling evidence on one of the most gruesome massacres since the Second World War, the United Nations and its organs have a historical and moral duty to act. If these crimes are to be left unpunished, a terrible injustice will have been perpetrated upon the victims and survivors of these crimes, along with their families. But more importantly, it would make a mockery of the exercise of universal jurisdiction over such crimes. It would raise the obvious question, for example, that would the perpetrators of crimes against humanity in Rwanda and the former Yugoslavia have been brought to justice if their governments were exporting oil and offering lucrative business to the outside world? The Iranian Resistance requests the active assistance and solidarity of all those who care for justice and human rights to bring about the establishment of a United Nations-mandated international tribunal for Iran.

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A Call for Justice

Who is Hossein-Ali Montazeri? Memoirs of Grand Ayatollah Hossein-Ali Montazeri is the name of a voluminous book published in December 2000 in Qom, 140 km south of Tehran, where Montazeri resides. The book has been compiled by a group of theological students of the Grand Ayatollah and personally endorsed by himself. Translated excerpts of the book that deal with some of the most shocking examples of the clerical regimes crimes against humanity appear in this book. Who is Hossein-Ali Montazeri? He was a long-time companion of Khomeini who studied and later taught theology in Qom for decades under the reign of the Shah and his father. In the 1960s, he supported Khomeini, who had been exiled to Iraq. Montazeri was imprisoned by the Shahs secret police for several years in the 60s and 70s. By 1978, when the mass protest movement against the Shah manifested itself on the streets, Montazeri became a prominent figure among the clergy who were to take the helm of the state after the overthrow of the Shah in February 1979. Montazeri was carefully groomed by Khomeini to become his successor and was officially ordained as the "designated successor to the Leader" by the Assembly of Experts. But relations between Khomeini and Montazeri began to sour after 1981 and the split finally burst into the open after the leak in March 1989of Montazeris letters to Khomeini, in which he had sharply criticized the rulers decree for the massacre of all political prisoners in Iran. Soon afterwards, Khomeini publicly disgraced Montazeri and removed him from his position. Montazeris status in the mullahs hierarchy and his access to the clerical states innermost secrets turn his revelation of some of the crimes against humanity by the mullahs regime into a potent evidence that is mostly corroborated by thousands of eyewitness accounts and other substantiated reports.

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A Damning Document
Excerpts from The Memoirs of Grand Ayatollah Hossein-Ali Montazeri
Khomeinis decree on massacre of political prisoners in Iran Q. It appears that Your Eminence wrote a letter to Imam Khomeini in connection with the execution of the Monafeqin [Mojahedin] in prisoners after the Monafeqins offensive into the Islamic Republic, the Mersad or Eternal Light operation. What was the situation and what made it necessary to write the letter? Montazeri:...What prompted me to write the letter was that at the time (in 1988) certain people had decided to liquidate the Mojahedin and get rid of them once and for all. They received a letter from the Imam stating that all individuals from the Mojahedin who have been in prison from any time in the past must be executed if a majority of a three-man panel composed of the prosecutor, the religious judge, and an Intelligence Ministry representative in any area vote that the prisoner is holding firmly to his belief. In other words, if two out of the three members of the panel thought that prisoner X was still supporting the Mojahedin, even if he had been sentenced previously to one or two or five years or more in prison, he must be executed. The Imams letter was undated, but it was written on a Thursday. On Saturday, a religious judge brought me a copy and was extremely distressed. I read the letter. It was very sharply written in response to the Mojahedins operation and it was said to be in [Khomeinis son] Haj Ahmads handwriting. As the letter was sent to all the judges in the country, it is permissible to read it for you, so you can grasp the reality of the situation as it was at that time:

Crime Against Humaity

Doc. No. 152 Imam Khomeinis letter in connection with the execution of steadfast Monafeqin [Mojahedin] in prisons: In the Name of God, the Compassionate, the Merciful, As the treacherous Monafeqin [Mojahedin] do not believe in Islam and what they say is out of deception and hypocrisy, and as their leaders have confessed that they have become renegades, and as they are waging war on God, and as they are engaging in classical warfare in the western, the northern and the southern fronts, and as they are collaborating with the Baathist Party of Iraq and spying for Saddam against our Muslim nation, and as they are tied to the World Arrogance, and in light of their cowardly blows to the Islamic Republic since its inception, it is decreed that those who are in prisons throughout the country and remain steadfast in their support for the Monafeqin [Mojahedin], are waging war on God and are condemned to execution. The task of implementing the decree in Tehran is entrusted to Hojjatol-Islam Nayyeri, the religious judge, Mr. Eshraqi, the Tehran prosecutor, and a representative of the Intelligence Ministry. Even though a unanimous decision is better, the view of a majority of the three must prevail. In prisons in the provinces, the views of a majority of a trio consisting of the religious judge, the revolutionary prosecutor, and the Intelligence Ministry representative must be obeyed. It is naive to show mercy to those who wage war on God. The decisive way in which Islam treats the enemies of God is among the unquestionable tenets of the Islamic regime. I hope that with your revolutionary rage and vengeance toward the enemies of Islam, you would achieve the satisfaction of the Almighty God. Those who are making the decisions must not hesitate, nor show any doubt or be concerned with details. They must try to be most ferocious against infidels. To have doubts about the judicial matters of revolutionary Islam is to ignore the pure blood of martyrs. Ruhollah Moussavi Khomeini

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A Damning Document

The preceding letter is not dated, but Haj Ahmad has written on the back of the original decree: My Pre-eminent Father, His Eminence the Imam, With greetings, [Chief Justice] Ayatollah Moussavi Ardebili has telephoned to raise three ambiguities about Your Eminences recent decree on the Monafeqin [Mojahedin]: 1. Does the decree apply to those who have been in prison, who have already been tried and sentenced to death, but have not changed their stance and the verdict has not yet been carried out, or are those who have not yet been tried are also condemned to death? 2. Those Monafeqin [Mojahedin] prisoners who have received limited jail terms, and who have already served part of their terns, but continue to hold fast to their stance in support of the Monafeqin [Mojahedin], are they also condemned to death? 3. In reviewing the status of the Monafeqin [Mojahedin] prisoners, is it necessary to refer the cases of Monafeqin [Mojahedin] prisoners in counties that have an independent judicial organ to the provincial center, or can the countys judicial authorities act autonomously? Your son, Ahmad Underneath the letter, the Imams reply was written: In the name of God, the Most High, In all the above cases, if the person at any stage or at any time maintains his [or her] support for the Monafeqin [Mojahedin], the sentence is execution. Annihilate the enemies of Islam immediately. As regards the cases, use whichever criterion that speeds up the implementation of the verdict. Ruhollah Moussavi Khomeini I subsequently wrote to Ayatollah Moussavi Ardebili, the then head of the Supreme Judicial Council: Were it not your judges who condemned these prisoners

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Crime Against Humaity

to five or ten years in jail? Were you not responsible? So how is it that you telephone Haj Ahmad and ask him should we execute them in Kashan or in Isfahan? You should have gone to the Imam and told him that if someone has been in jail for some time and has been sentenced to five years, and had no news of Monafeqins [Mojahedins] operation, how can we execute him? They have not committed a new crime for which we could try them. Finally, they executed 2,800 or 3,800 women and men in the country (I doubt which figure is right). Even those who were saying their prayers and fasting were summoned and would be told to recant. The prisoner would find this offensive to his personality and would refuse. Then they would say, so you are steadfast in your position, and would have him executed. One of the judicial officials in Qom came to see me and complained about the head of the Intelligence Department in Qom. He said: The man says let us kill them off as quickly as we can and get rid of them. The judicial official would complain and say: Let us at least look at the file and review the sentence, but the intelligence official would reply: The Imam has issued the verdict; all we have to do is to ascertain that the prisoner is holding fast to his views [supporting the Mojahedin]. The judicial official told me that they would ask prisoners: Are you still holding to your views? To which the prisoners would respond yes, unaware of the consequences. Then they take them immediately for execution. I finally felt that this was not the correct way of doing things and decided to write a letter to the Imam... I sat down and wrote the following letter:

Doc. No. 153 Letter to the Imam in protest over the execution of prisoners who were serving their sentences in jails Date: July 31, 1988

In the Name of God, the Compassionate, the Merciful, His Exalted Eminence Imam Khomeini, With greetings, I would like to apprise Your Eminence that following your recent decree for the execution of the Monafeqin [Mojahedin] who remain in prisons, the nation tolerates the execution
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A Damning Document

of the detainees of recent events and they apparently have no adverse consequences, but the execution of those who were already in prison has the following consequences: 1. These executions are perceived as an act of vengeance and a vendetta, considering the present state of affairs; 2. Many families, even those who are pious and revolutionary, are distressed and aggrieved by these executions, and have turned their backs to our regime; 3. Many of the prisoners who are not holding fast to their views are being treated by the officials as if they were; 4. At a time when under the attacks and pressures of Saddam and the Monafeqin [Mojahedin], we are attracting some sympathy around the world and many newspapers and personalities are defending us, it is unwise for the regime and yourself to have the propaganda turn against us; 5. While these people have been sentenced by our courts to prison terms, to execute them without any process and new activity is a complete disregard for all judicial standards and judges rulings. This will not reflect well on our regime; 6. Our judicial officials, prosecutors and intelligence officials are not perfect and there is plenty of opportunity for mistakes and unduly influenced decisions. With Your Eminences recent decree, many people who have light charges or are innocent are executed; 7. We have not so far benefited from these killings and violence. We have only stirred more propaganda against ourselves and we have increased the appeal of the Monafeqin [Mojahedin] and the counterrevolutionaries. It is appropriate to treat them with mercy for a time so as to attract the sympathies of many of them; 8. If you insist on your decree, then at least issue an order so that the judge, the prosecutor and the intelligence official would have to reach a consensus for execution. They must particularly spare women with children. The execution of several thousand prisoners in a few days will not have positive repercussions and will not be mistake-free. Even some of our religious judges were very distressed by this. Hossein-Ali Montazeri

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Crime Against Humaity

Text of Montazeris letter to Khomeini on 31 July 1988, complaining that mass execution of Mojahedin prisoners will only enhance their legitimacy and popular appeal

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A Damning Document

A few days later, a judge from Khuzistan by the name of Hojjatol-Islam Mohammad Hossein Ahmadi came to see me and was very distressed. He told me: Over there, they are executing them with great speed. They conjure up a majority vote out of the three-member panel. They are angry about the Monafeqins operation, but are venting their anger on the prisoners. I conveyed what he told me in the following letter to the Imam:

Doc. No. 154 The second letter to Imam Khomeini on this issue Date: August 2, 1988 In the Name of God, the Compassionate, the Merciful, His Exalted Eminence Imam Khomeini, With greetings, pursuant to my letter of July 31, 1988, I write the following out of my sense of religious duty: Three days ago, a religious judge from one of the provinces, who is a trustworthy man, came to see me in Qom and was in great distress because of the way Your Eminences decree is being implemented. He said: The intelligence chief or the prosecutor (I forget which) was trying to ascertain if a prisoner was still holding fast to his beliefs. He asked the prisoner if he was prepared to condemn the Monafeqin [Mojahedin], he said yes. He asked him: Are you willing to go to the front to fight in the war with Iraq? He said, Yes. They asked, Are you willing to walk over mines*? He said, Do you mean all the people are willing to walk over mines? Moreover, you must not have such high expectations from someone who has just changed his views. They said, It is obvious that you are still holding on to your political beliefs, and dealt with him in the same way they dealt with those who had held onto their previous political positions (and executed him). The judge told me how much he insisted that the verdict be issued by consensus, or a majority, but this was not accepted, because it is the intelligence official who has absolute control and others are under his influence. Your Eminence can see what type of persons are
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Crime Against Humaity

implementing your grave decree that affects the lives of thousands of prisoners. Hossein-Ali Montazeri
* By walk over mines, the prosecutor was referring to the commonly used tactics by the Revoultionary Guards in the Iran-Iraq war of sending waves of boy soldiers across minefields to clear the way for the Guards advance. Hundreds of thousands of young Iranians perished in these human wave attacks.

But I noticed that they were still continuing the executions. On the first of [the lunar month of] Moharram*, I summoned Mr. Nayyeri, the religious judge of Evin, Mr. Eshraqi, the prosecutor, Mr. Raissi, the deputy prosecutor, and Mr. Pourmohammadi, the Intelligence Ministry representative. I said to them: Now is the month of Moharram and at least halt the executions during this month. Mr. Nayyeri replied: We have executed 750 prisoners in Tehran and have separated 200 others as those who are sticking to their views. Once we finish off this lot, you can order as you wish... I became much dismayed and made several points and gave them a copy of the main points in the form of a memorandum:
* In Moslem tradition, following ancient Arab customs, fighting and bloodshed are banned in the month of Moharram.

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A Damning Document

The original text of Montazeris letter to Khomeini on 2 August 1988

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Crime Against Humaity

Doc. No. 155 Memorandum addressed to Mr. Nayyeri, the religious judge, Mr. Eshraqi, the prosecutor, Mr. Raissi, the deputy prosecutor, and Mr. Pourmohammadi, the Intelligence Ministry representative in Evin Prison for implementation of the Imams decree Date: August 15, 1988 In the Name of God, the Most High, 1. I have received more blows from the Monafeqin [Mojahedin] than all of you, both in prison and outside. My son was martyred by them. If it was a question of revenge, I should pursue it more than you. But I seek the expediency and interests of the revolution, Islam, the Supreme Leader, and the Islamic state. I am worried about the judgment that posterity and history will pass upon us. 2. Such massacres without trial, particularly when the victims are prisoners and those in captivity, will definitely benefit them in the long run. The world will condemn us and they will be further encouraged to wage armed struggle. It is wrong to confront ideas and ideologies with killings. 3. Look at the behavior of Prophet [Mohammad] and how he treated his enemies after the conquest of Mecca and the Battle of Hawazen. The Prophet showed mercy and amnesty and was given the title of the Mercy of both worlds by the Almighty. Look how Imam Ali treated his enemies after defeating them in the Battle of Jamal. 4. Many of these people who are holding fast to their beliefs are doing so in reaction to the way they have been treated by interrogators and prison wardens, otherwise they might have been flexible. 5. To argue that if we released these prisoners, they would rejoin the Monafeqin [Mojahedin] is not sufficient to characterize them as Mohareb (waging war on God) and of having mutinied against God. Imam Ali did not punish Ibn Moljem (his assassin), before he actually carried out the crime, even though he said before hand that he (Ibn Moljem) is my killer.... 6. The beliefs of a person, per se, are not sufficient grounds to declare him as someone who is waging war on God or rebelling against

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A Damning Document

the Almighty. Even if it is supposed that the [Mojahedin] leaders are renegades, their supporters cannot be given the same verdict. 7. Judgment must be made in an environment free of emotions. The social environment now is not conducive to justice due to sloganeering and propaganda. We are upset with the Monafeqins crime in the west, but are taking it out on prisoners and former prisoners. Executing people who have not carried out any new activities will cast doubt on previous judges and all previous judgments. According to which standard do you execute a prisoner whom you have previously given a lesser sentence? At present, prison visits and telephone calls have been cut off, but how will you answer the families tomorrow? 8. I, more than anybody, care about the prestige of His Eminence the Imam as the Supreme Leader. I do not know how things are being presented to him. Should we say that all that we were studying in Islamic jurisprudence about taking caution when dealing with peoples blood and properties were wrong? 9. I have met with a number of just and pious judges who were dismayed and complained about the way the decree is being implemented. They said there is too much extremism and cited numerous cases of people being executed without any reason. 10. In conclusion, the Peoples Mojahedin are not individuals; they are an ideology, and a world outlook. They have a logic. It takes right logic to answer wrong logic. You cannot rectify wrong with killings; you only spread it. Hossein-Ali Montazeri Mr. Eslami, who was the revolutionary prosecutor in Fars province, came to see me with a file about the execution of a girl. He said: I opposed her execution, but they executed her as they outnumbered me two to one. Hojjatol-Islam Hossein-Ali Ansari, who was my representative in prisons, said: There were six or seven brothers in one prison who were pious and said we turned away from the Monafeqin, but the authorities want us to recant on television and we refuse to do so, as this is a dishonorable thing for us... The officials in the prison said this showed that they were still supporting [the Mojahedin] and executed them. They only spared one of them, who had been paralyzed [in prison]. This is how things were being carried out.

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Crime Against Humaity

Text of Montazeris letter to members the death committee on 15 August 1988 in which he warned about the repercussions of summary executions of Mojahedin prisoners

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A Damning Document

Doc. No. 157 Text of letter sent to Imam Khomeini by the religious judge of Islamic Revolutionary Courts in Khuzistan on the manner of implementation of His Eminences decree on the Monafeqin [Mojahedin]: In the Name of God, the Most High, His Eminence Imam Khomeini, With greetings, I would like to bring to Your Eminences attention some points on the recent decree you issued with regard to the Monafeqin, even though I am much too humble to talk about this. But as my religious duty requires and in a bid to seek guidance, I wish to point out that the issue of whether a person is holding fast to his support for the Monafeqin is subject to different interpretations. Different viewpoints and tastes vary between the extremes and I have brought detailed cases to the attention of Haj Ahmad and refrain from repeating them. As an example, in Dezful prison, several prisoners named Taher Ranjbar, Mostafa Behzadi, Ahmad Assekh, and Mohammad Reza Ashou, were prepared to condemn the Monafeqin and even recant on radio and television or before other prisoners. But the Intelligence Ministry official asked them: Are you prepared to fight for the Islamic Republic in the war or in the cities? Some wavered and some said no. The intelligence official said they are still holding on to their positions, as they were not willing to fight for our just regime. I told the official, should we therefore say that the majority of the Iranian people who are not willing to go to the front are also supporters of the Monafeqin? He replied: These people are different from ordinary folks. The above-named prisoners were all executed, except the last one who managed to escape on the way to the execution yard. I therefore urge Your Eminence to clarify some uniform standards so that officials would not go to the extreme and commit mistakes. Mohammad Hossein Ahmadi Religious judge of Islamic Revolutionary Court in Khuzistan copy to His Eminence Grand Ayatollah Montazeri

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Crime Against Humaity

Execution of children
Doc. No. 128 Letter to Imam Khomeini, dated September 27, 1981 The situation in the Revolutionary Courts is such that honest and sincere elements within these institutions are saying that the current situation in Evin Prison and many prisons in the provinces is very disturbing and appalling. These include arbitrary executions,... and even the execution of girls as young as thirteen years old, simply because they uttered some tough words, while they bore no arms and took part in no demonstration. The pressures (on prisoners) and practice of intolerable torture and corporal punishment are on the rise. Prisons are so overcrowded that often five prisoners must stay in a solitary cell under inhuman conditions. They are not even allowed to say their prayers...

Systematic Use of Torture

Doc. No. 142 Letter to Imam Khomeini, dated October 8, 1986 ...Do you know that crimes are being committed in the prisons of the Islamic Republic in the name of Islam the like of which was never seen in the Shahs evil regime? Do you know that a large number of prisoners have been killed under torture by their interrogators? Do you know that in Mashad prison, some 25 girls had to have their ovaries or uterus removed as a result of what had been done to them, and because there were no physicians and medical care? Do you know that in Shiraz prison, a girl who was fasting in the month of Ramadan was executed on petty charges immediately after breaking her fast? Do you know that in some prisons of the Islamic Republic young

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A Damning Document

girls are being raped by force? Do you know that interrogators foulmouth the girls and use disgusting words to insult them while interrogating them? Do you know that as a result of unruly torture, many prisoners have become deaf or paralyzed or afflicted with chronic diseases? And there is no one to listen to their complaints? Do you know that in some prisons, prisoners have even been banned from performing their Muslim rites? Do you know that in some prisons prisoners are not allowed to see daylight, not for one or two days, but for months on end? Do you know that even once a prisoner is tried and receives a sentence, he is beaten and abused? No doubt Your Eminence would be told that these are lies and Montazeri is naive. But let me also report to Your Eminence, if you permit me, what is happening outside prisons: Do you know that people, while traveling in buses and taxis and waiting in queues for chickens, eggs, vegetable oil and beef or waiting in queues at petrol stations, are openly cursing the officials of the Islamic Republic, including, I regret to say, yourself? Do you know that the (Shiite) clergy and clergymen are reviled by the people? Do you know that even those who come to Friday prayers are mostly disenchanted and curse the authorities? Do you know that bribery is rampant everywhere in government offices, ministries, and unfortunately in some prosecutors offices and courts? Do you know that huge embezzlements of government funds are hushed up with some bribes, a telephone call, or a recommendation, while petty thieves are prosecuted? Do you know that there have been so many robberies and thefts and plundering by persons in the uniforms of Revolutionary Guards and Komiteh agents that people feel no security for their lives and properties? Do you know that more than two million Iranians are living in exile and many women have resorted to prostitution and discredited Iran and Iranians in the eyes of foreigners? Do you know that poverty and high costs of living are putting intolerable pressures on the people? While the average income and

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Crime Against Humaity

salaries are the same as they were before, prices have jumped ten to twenty times higher. How can the poor live in such conditions? Do you know that contrary to what we studied in Islamic jurisprudence, in the Islamic Republic a Muslims right to life is not respected, nor is his property... Do you know that most good judges have become disillusioned and have resigned, leaving behind corrupt or weak individuals as judges? Do you know that... everyday about a million Iranians go to doctors and pharmacies and hospitals and clinics, but the vast majority of them return unsatisfied and disenchanted? This is not because of the war, but because of mismanagement and lack of planning... Do you know that drug addiction is rampant in this country, and that executions, prisons, island concentration camps, etc., are no longer effective?... In conclusion, it is my view that the country is on a downward spiral and the majority of the people are disenchanted... For eight years, we have been ruling the country through violence, numerous executions, and inappropriate confiscation, and we have not got anywhere.

Arbitrary Justice
Our judges were very inexperienced. To give you an example, they brought to me a case where the judge had written this as his verdict: In the Name of God, the Compassionate, the Merciful, execution. Execute who? For what reason? The judge had simply written one word without mentioning his reasons, not even the convicts name. Just the word execution and his signature were there and you could arrest and execute anyone with a verdict like this! That was our judiciary in those years: they would arrest people with great speed and then there would be immediate calls for execution. Haj Seyyed Jaafar Karimi told me that he had seen a case where a judge had given an accused six months imprisonment. The case was retried by another judge and this one sentenced him to death. This was how uncoordinated things were. Once I was in Najafabad and I was told about two persons who had

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A Damning Document

been sentenced to death. One was the thirteen-year-old daughter of Haj Taqi Rajai. I knew their family well; they were pious and lived in Najafabad. The other was Mr. Lessani, who had been a good friend of my son. They were said to have been influenced and recruited by the Peoples Mojahedin, and were sentenced to execution for this reason. I must point out here that one of the things that should have been done after the revolutions victory was to organize and guide these revolutionary forces. The Peoples Mojahedin identified and recruited them in an organized manner. People looked on them favorably and young people were deluded by their slogans. People who were being arrested and interrogated for belonging to the Mojahedin should have been treated in a subtle and wise way and if they had been handled correctly, it would have been possible to turn them away from the Mojahedin. They told me that these two persons had been sentenced to death. I asked what they had been charged with. They said the thirteen-yearold girl had been asked by the interrogator: Dont you believe in the Imam if you are saying these things? She said, with youthful pride: No, I dont. I once told the Imam: If someone says I like Massoud Rajavi more than the mullahs, and I dont like Mr. Khomeini, but I have nothing to do with politics and I am just minding my own business, and if we know he is telling the truth, should we jail him? The Imam replied: No, why should we? I never thought that these two persons would be executed any time soon, and said to myself that I would follow up their cases later. But they came to me the next day and said: The two of them were executed last night! I was utterly shocked. The same sort of things was going on everywhere else in the country and I was by and large informed of them... Mr. Moussavi Ardebili, the then Chief Justice, told me of the case of the son of Dr. Shariat, who had been executed. He said: This 16year-old boy was a revolutionary and was not with the Mojahedin and other groups. He kept a diary and noted everyday the sort of things he found wrong in the government, according to his own understanding. When the judiciary discovered the diary, they executed him simply because of the notes he had written in it. Even Mr. Ardebili said he was baffled by the execution.
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Crime Against Humaity

Tortured Political Prisoners Become Insane

Ayatollah Seyyed Jaafar Karimi was among the persons assigned by the Imam to look into prison conditions, as this issue was creating plenty of problems for us. One day Karimi came to see me and said: We went to visit Hessarak Prison (or Qezel Hessar), near Mardabad. We saw a door that was covered with a black blanket and a rug. Inside, it was so dark you could not tell the day from the night. About ten prisoners were being held in that room. We came across a girl, one of the prisoners, who was eating her own feces. She had been so much tortured and harassed that she had become deranged. But they were still keeping her in jail. [The girl was among a group of 200 to 300 girls who had been arrested essentially for having read the Mojahedins statements and some of them had become mentally disturbed while in prison.]

Atrocities in Prisons Across the Country

Doc. No. 97 Report submitted to Imam Khomeini by a member of the delegation appointed by Grand Ayatollah Montazeri on prison conditions

In the Name of God, the Compassionate, the Merciful, His Exalted Eminence, the Great Commander of the Faithful and the Imam of the Ummah, Grand Ayatollah Imam Khomeini, With greetings, My humble self, in the company of several personalities trusted by the Grand Ayatollah Montazeri, the exalted Deputy Leader, have visited the prisons and detention centers of the

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A Damning Document

cities of Yazd, Shahr-e Babak, Sirjan, Bandar-Abbas, Jiroft and Birjand. The visit was carried out in accordance with instructions given by Grand Ayatollah Montazeri in order to witness the treatment accorded to prisoners by the honorable officials and the prisoners food and other issues, and also listen to the prisoners. We presented a brief report on our visit to Grand Ayatollah Montazeri and His Eminence wished that the report be brought to Your Eminences attention, even if Your Eminence are already aware of the situation. We emphasize that the prisoners were warned that they must not commit another crime by telling lies about the honorable officials, as this would necessitate further physical punishment for the prisoners. We saw a number of Iranian and non-Iranian prisoners whose hair had been pulled out, their arms and legs broken, their toes and fingers smashed, their teeth broken. They had scars on their bodies. A woman from Mashad said that she had been arrested during the month of Ramadan while she was pregnant and had been beaten so much that she miscarried her child. Prisoners claimed that two of them had been beaten to death. Even non-political prisoners in Bandar-Abbas, Sirjan and elsewhere said that the scars on their bodies were caused by flogging with electric cables, kicking, burning the skin with lighters, being dragged by a car, being burnt with kerosene and petrol, etc. One prisoner said his genitals had been burnt with a piece of wood soaked in gasoil. Some claimed that they had medical certificates to prove their claims and some gave their names and particulars for follow-up of their cases. Mahmoud Mohammadi Yazdi

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II

How Many Executions?

Mojahedins statement on Montazeris revelations

The following are excerpts from a statement by the Peoples Mojahedin Organization of Iran, issued on December 17, 2000, on the dimensions of the massacre of political prisoners: 1. It is regrettable that Mr. Montazeri, as the second highest authority in the country at the time of the massacre of political prisoners in 1988, fails to reveal in his recent book the real number of executed political prisoners in that carnage, nor does he mention the duration of the massacre. He does not say, for example, how many political prisoners were jailed from 1981 to 1988, while his representatives were present in the prisons during that period and Mr. Montazeri is undoubtedly aware of the figures. He does not say how many political prisoners there were prior to the massacre, and how many survived. How were the killings carried out? And for how long? Where were the bodies buried? And how many people were executed by the time the carnage came to a halt? 2. The first reference that Mr. Montazeri makes to the number of executed prisoners covers only the first days of the massacre, when he wrote: Finally, they executed 2,800 or 3,800 women and men in the country (I doubt which figure is right)... I felt that this was not the correct way of doing things and decided to write a letter to the Imam.

Crime Against Humaity

Mr. Montazeri then proceeds to describe the first letter he wrote to Khomeini on this issue, dated July 31, 1988. In this letter, Montazeri mentions the massacre of political prisoners and writes in the last paragraph: The execution of several thousand prisoners in a few days will not have positive repercussions and will not be mistake-free. While Montazeri clearly states that by July 31, in the first days of the massacre, the number of mass executions reached 2,800 or 3,800 or, as he wrote in his letter, several thousand prisoners, he does not mention any figure for the number of executions at the end of the massacre and repeats the figures of 2,800 or 3,800. It is also clear from the contents of his first letter to Khomeini that by July 31, he was still unaware of the mass executions in the provinces and the figures he gives refer only to Tehran. 3. Mr. Montazeri also wrote in his memoirs: A few days later, a judge from Khuzistan by the name of Hojjatol-Islam Mohammad Hossein Ahmadi came to see me and was very distressed. He told me: Over there, they are executing them with great speed. They conjure up a majority vote out of the three-member panel. They are angry about the Monafeqins operation, but are venting our anger on the prisoners. Mr. Montazeri says that following this meeting, he wrote a second letter to Khomeini, dated August 2, 1988, in which he protested against the procedures. 4. Mr. Montazeri notes that after writing the second letter to Khomeini, I noticed that they were still continuing the executions. On the first of Moharram, I summoned Mr. Nayyeri, the religious judge of Evin, and Mr. Eshraqi, the prosecutor, and Mr. Raissi, the deputy prosecutor, and Mr. Pour-Mohammadi, the Intelligence Ministry representative. I said to them: Now is the month of Moharram and at least halt the executions during this month. The first day of the month of Moharram coincided with August 13, 1988. Mr. Montazeri thus makes it clear that mass executions were going on with the same intensity up to that point. 5. Mr. Montazeri writes in the following section: Later, they obtained a letter from the Imam for non-religious prisoners. At the time, there were about 500 nonreligious and atheist prisoners. The aim was to liquidate these prisoners, as well, and get rid of them. Several weeks separate Montazeris August 14 letter and the new fatwa by Khomeini which concerned the execution of non-Mojahedin prisoners. Investigations by the Mojahedin at the time showed that Khomeinis second fatwa (which dealt with non-Mojahedin prisoners), was issued on September 6 or thereabouts. In other words, by the time this new fatwa was issued, mass execution of Mojahedin political prisoners in Tehran had been going on with great ferocity for more than 40 days.
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How Many Executions?

6.In his memmorandum to the members of the death committee in Tehran on August 15, 1988, Mr. Montazeri referred to the execution of prisoners and former prisoners. The reference to former prisoners being executed was prompted by the fact that once the massacre of political prisoners got underway, the clerical regime launched a nationwide effort to re-arrest former political prisoners, as Khomeinis fatwa stressed that all Mojahedin supporters and members must be executed. The French daily, Le Monde , wrote: Imam Khomeini summoned the Revolutionary Prosecutor, Hojattol-Islam Khoeiniha, to instruct him that hencefore all of the Mojahedin, those in prison and elsewhere, must be executed for waging war on God (Le Monde, March 1, 1989). According to reports from across Iran, thousands of former political prisoners and Mojahedin supporters were rounded up over a period of several months in 1988 and most were executed. 7 - Mr. Kamal Afkhami Ardekani, a former official at Evin prison, has said in testimonies to human rights rapporteurs of the United Nations: In July 1988, after Khomeini issued a fatwa ordering the massacre of Mojahedin prisoners, a meeting was held in Evin prison in which the following persons participated (the positions mentioned here are the positions they held at the time): Ebrahim Raissi, Tehrans deputy prosecutor, Mohammad Mohammadi Rayshahri, the Intelligence Minister, Gholam-Hossein [Mohseni] Ezhei, a top judiciary official, [Seyyed Hossein] Mortazavi, the governor of Evin, [Ali] Mobasheri and [Jaafar] Nayyeri, religious judges based in Evin prison. There they agreed on the procedures for carrying out Khomeinis orders. They would line up prisoners in a 14-by-5-meter hall in the central office building of Evin. The maximum capacity of the hall was 180 prisoners. They would then ask simply one question: What is your political affiliation? Those who said the Mojahedin, would be hanged from cranes that had been in position behind the building. Prisoners were hanged in Evin prison with six cranes and three fork-lift trucks. Each time, 33 people would be hanged. On each crane, there was an iron beam and five ropes were suspended from the beam. The six cranes were positioned in these locations: one was placed next to the administrative courtroom building, two were placed next to Ward 325, three were placed next to the special ward for the clergy and the central administrative building. The fork-lift trucks, each fitted with a beam with four ropes, were placed in the parking lot outside the prosecutors office. The parking lot was also used as an execution yard. There was a crane in the garage next to the parking lot and that was also used for executions. The mass executions began in late July, 1988. Every half an hour, 33 persons
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Crime Against Humaity

were being hanged by these cranes and the process went on and on without any interruption. The bodies were examined by Dr. Ata Foroughi, who was head of the prisons clinic, and Dr. Mirzai, who was head of Lajevardis office. [Assadollah Lajevardi was the former governor of Evin Prison and the most notorious executioner and torturer in the mullahs regime. Later he became the head of the State Prisons Organization.] Once they were pronounced dead, the bodies would be piled into covered trucks and taken out of prison. The trucks had been on loan from Evins police station. Some of the trucks belonged to Evin prison itself. The same procedure went on for two weeks, from 7:30 am until 5 pm. Soon they were also using the parking lot for the executions and the number of executions every half-hour reached 37 to 40. On the basis of these revelations by a former official of Evin prison, we can safely extrapolate that if 19 rounds of executions were carried out every day, and in each round 30 prisoners were hanged, then at least 570 prisoners were being executed in Evin prison every day. In 14 days, the number of executions exceed 8,000. Bearing in mind that executions were continuing even after two weeks, and that by early September Khomeini issued another decree ordering the execution of non-Mojahedin prisoners who, according to Montazeri, numbered about 500, then the number of male prisoners executed in Evin prison was more than 10,000. There were thousands of women prisoners, many of whom were executed. In addition, there were thousands of inmates in other jails in and around Tehran, including Gohardasht, where the massacre was carried out with equal ferocity. When all these are added together, the number of executions in Tehran jails becomes exceedingly high. One must also bear in mind that the Iranian Resistance had revealed a list of 635 prisons with addresses and their specifications, which gives an idea of the magnitude of the carnage. 8. Montazeri does not mention the cities and towns where the massacre of political prisoners took place, nor does he say how many prisoners were executed in each city. But reports compiled by the Mojahedin show that the carnage went on in at least 100 cities and towns across the country. In many of these cities, not a single political prisoner was left alive. These cities included Kermanshah, Zanjan, Mashad, Arak, Hamedan, Orumieh, Semnan, Rudsar, Ahwaz, Qom, Sari, Qaemshahr, Shahre Kord, Khorram-Abad, Zahedan, Karaj, Tabriz, Sabzevar, Rasht, Shiraz, MasjidSoleiman, Isfahan, Sanandaj, Babol, Lahijan, Bandar-Anzali, Chalous, Borujerd, Kashan, Manjil, Garmsar, Fasa, Andimeshk, Behbahan, Kalachai, Gachsaran, Kerman, Somesara, Abhar, Shahinshahr, Dezful, Islamabad, Kerend, Ilam, Borazjan, Toyserkan, Pol-Dokhtar, Ardebil, Shahroud, Gorgan, Gonbad, Shahreza, Langaroud, Amol, Aligudarz, Quchan, Makou, Qazvin, Birjand, Maragheh, Mahshahr, Bushehr, Khoy, Kazeroun, Salmas, Golpayegan, Estahbanat, Aliabad, and so on.
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How Many Executions?

Amnesty International reported that it was receiving information pointing to hundreds of executions from among the Kurdish opposition group prisoners in the prison of Orumieh, and 50 executions in Sanandaj. Throughout the rest of 1988, there were reports on continuing executions in different parts of Iran: - In Orumieh, around 400 prisoners were executed and buried in mountains around the city in groups of 10, 20, and 30 people (November 8, 1988) - In Semnan, eight prisoners supporting the Mojahedin were hanged in public from a construction crane, (November 8, 1988). - 18 prisoners in Arak, an unspecified number of prisoners in Rudsar, dozens of prisoners in Ahwaz, 18 prisoners in Astara and another group of prisoners in Shahre-Kord were sent to the firing squad, (November 8, 1988). - In November 1988, further reports on more executions in different cities began coming in. According to these reports which were confirmed by different sources, 84 people were executed in Mashad prison in October. Also in October, 150 prisoners were executed in the prison of Khorramabad (western Iran). Twenty-one prisoners were executed in Tabriz prison (December 2, 1988). Manjil - Following torrential rains, a mass grave containing 80 bodies of political prisoners was discovered two kilometers west of the Tehran-Rasht highway. Garmsar - Two truckloads of bodies of prisoners were transferred from Evin and Qezel Hessar prisons to wastelands around the city and buried in a big mass grave. Southwestern Iran - 33 Mojahedin supporters were executed over several weeks in the cities of Ahwaz, Andimeshk and Behbahan. Among them were at least seven women. At the same time, more than 20 political prisoners were executed in Bushehr. Sabzevar - 29 Mojahedin supporters were executed after years of imprisonment. Southern Iran - 26 political prisoners, who were completing their prison terms, were executed in Fasa. Also in Adelabad prison in Shiraz 14 inmates were executed in one day. Northern Iran- Following the discovery of 10 corpses belonging to Mojahedin prisoners buried in two mass graves in Kalachai and Rudsar, citizens clashed with the Guards. Tabriz - Four opponents of the regime were hanged in one of the cities circles. The bodies were left hanging for 24 hours, (January 2, 1989). All political prisoners in the prisons of Dizelabad (Kermanshah), Vakilabad (Mashad), Gachsaran, Khorramabad, Kerman and Masjid Soleiman had been executed by January 10, 1989. The Guards dug a big mass grave near Somesara - Kasma road in the northern province of Gilan, and during one night buried several truckloads of corpses in it.
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Crime Against Humaity

Near Khavaran road (east of Tehran), agents of the Revolutionary Prosecutors Office buried the bodies of a large group of the executed beside the Armenian cemetery. Stray dogs dug out some corpses from shallow graves, and the mass graves were exposed. In Isfahan, in the beginning of 1989, bodies of executed political prisoners were buried in groups of 40, 60 and 100 in Bagh-e-Rezvan cemetery. In Tehran, agents of the regime buried corpses of a large number of massacre victims in a big canal in Beheshte Zahra Cemeterys Block 93. In blocks no 106, 107, 108 and 109 of the same cemetery; the graves of a considerable number of executed prisoners have been discovered by their families. Ninety-four people from the town of Abhar, 60 people from Khazaneh (southern Tehran), 40 people from the residents of Ray Street, and 11 people from Norouzkhan district in Tehrans Bazaar were executed (December 31, 1988). In a suburb of Isfahan called Shahinshahr, 700 people were executed over several months. During the last days of 1988, 10 Mojahedin members were hanged in public in one day in three different places in the city of Islamabad (western Iran), while 40 people were executed by firing squad in the northern city of Lahijan. Mass executions and public hangings continued at the same rate in towns all over the country. Thirty-One people in Sanandaj, 25 in Borazjan, 27 in Baneh were executed. In only one village named Dehkohneh, in the vicinity of Borazjan, five Mojahedin supporters were sent to the firing squad. In Tagh Nosrat district of Toyserkan, three supporters of Mojahedin were hanged in public in one day. In Karaj, the extent of secret execution of political prisoners was extremely high, leaving only three people from 500 in one ward of Gohardasht prison (February 10, 1988). It was known afterwards that a number of army servicemen who had refused to fight the National Liberation Army during Operation Eternal Light in July 1988, and had deserted the ranks of the army, were executed. In one day, two officers, one NCO and two soldiers were hanged in public in the city of Kermanshah, western Iran.

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Crimes Against Women

III

Crimes Against Humanity, Crimes Against Women

Statement by Womens Committee of National Council of Resistance
In his recently published memoirs, Mr. Hossein-Ali Montazeri, the former heirapparent of Khomeini, refers to mass execution and systematic torture of women political prisoners in Iran, that has led to numerous women being killed or maimed under torture or losing their mental balance. He reveals that in the massacre of political prisoners in 1988, numerous women were also sent before the firing squads after summary trials. While the Iranian Resistance has consistently exposed the crimes of the mullahs regime against women in Iran, today some of these crimes are being revealed by a man who was for ten years the clerical regimes Number Two and Khomeinis heirapparent, with access to the innermost secrets of the state: 1. Mr. Montazeri reveals in this book the text of a personal letter he sent to Khomeini on October 8, 1986. In it, Montazeri wrote, inter alia: Do you know that crimes are being committed in the prisons of the Islamic Republic in the name of Islam the like of which was never seen under the Shahs evil regime? Do you know that a large number of prisoners have been killed under torture by their interrogators? Do you know that in Mashad prison, some 25 girls had to have their ovaries or uterus removed as a result of what had been done to them, and because there were no physicians and medical care?

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Crime Against Humaity

Do you know that in Shiraz prison, a girl who was fasting in the month of Ramadan was executed on petty charges immediately after breaking her fast? Do you know that in some prisons of the Islamic Republic young girls are being raped by force? Do you know that interrogators foulmouth the girls and use disgusting words to insult them while interrogating them? Do you know that as a result of unruly torture, many prisoners have become deaf or paralyzed or afflicted with chronic diseases? And there is no one to listen to their complaints? The damning contents of this letter alone provide sufficient grounds for an international prosecution of the crimes against humanity in Iran. Where else in the world are women and girls subjected to such horrifying treatment? 2. In another shocking example of the atrocities committed by the mullahs regime, Mr. Montazeri writes in his memoirs: Once I was in Najafabad and I was told about two persons who had been sentenced to death. One was the thirteen-year-old daughter of Haj Taqi Rajai. I knew their family well; they were pious and lived in Najafabad. They were said to have been influenced and recruited by the Peoples Mojahedin, and were sentenced to execution for this reason. They told me that these two persons had been sentenced to death. They said the thirteen-year-old girl had been asked by the interrogator: Dont you believe in the Imam if you are saying these things? She said, with youthful pride: No, I dont. I never thought that these two persons would be executed any time soon... But they came to me the next day and said: The two of them were executed last night! I was utterly shocked. 3. Mr. Montazeri in effect acknowledges that the rape of girls in the mullahs prisons was a widespread and systematic practice. He writes: Many of those who were being arrested in connection with the Mojahedin were girls and they were executing them on charges of waging war on God... I told the judiciary officials and Evin officials and others, quoting the Imam, that they must not execute girls from the Mojahedin. I told judges not to write death sentences for girls. This is what I said. But then they perverted my words and quoted me as saying: Dont execute girls. First marry them for one night and then execute them. This is a clear acknowledgment that girls in prisons were being systematically raped by the guards and torturers. The sexual assault on prisoners was not confined to girls; from teenagers to aging women, all female prisoners were constantly exposed to this savage treatment. Many women prisoners became insane as a result of being raped by the guards.

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Crimes Against Women

4. An aide to Montazeri who visited some of the prisons wrote a letter to Khomeini about his observations. The letter, reproduced in Montazeris book, reads in part: [There] are prisoners whose hair had been pulled out, their arms and legs broken, their toes and fingers smashed, their teeth broken. They had scars on their bodies. A woman from Mashad said that she had been arrested during the month of Ramadan while she was pregnant and had been beaten so much that she miscarried her child. Prisoners claimed that two of them had been beaten to death. He refers to a variety of tortures, including flogging with electric cables, kicking, burning the skin with lighters, being dragged by a car, being burnt with kerosene and petrol. 5. Montazeri cites a report by his own representative who visited some prisons: We went to visit Hessarak Prison (or Qezel Hessar), near Mardabad. We saw a door that was covered with a black blanket and a rug. Inside, it was so dark you could not tell the day from the night. About ten prisoners were being held in that room. We came across a girl, one of the prisoners, who was eating her own feces. She had been so much tortured and harassed that she had become deranged. But they were still keeping her in jail. The girl was among a group of 200 to 300 girls who had been arrested essentially for having read the Mojahedins statements and some of them had become mentally disturbed while in prison. 6. Mr. Montazeri points out that many of the victims of the 1988 massacre of political prisoners were women. In his first letter to Khomeini on the issue of massacres, written only three days after the killings began, Mr. Montazeri stated: If you insist [on the mass executions], at least allow the women to be spared, especially women with children. In another example, Montazeri cites the revolutionary prosecutor of Fars province: [Islami] had brought to me the file of a girl about to be executed. He said he was opposed to executing her, but the other two voted in favor of the execution. 7. But most of the atrocities and crimes perpetrated against women in Khomeinis jails are not even mentioned in Montazeris book. The infamous Residential Units, for example, which the torturers and guards referred to as a place of no return, were comparable to rape camps where women prisoners faced the most horrendous treatment and torture and were in the end executed or killed under torture. The only survivors are those who have become mentally deranged. Mojahedin women taken to these units would be held inside cages - coffin-like cell where the prisoner had to stand on her feet all the time. One former prisoner wrote: They brought to our cell several women who had been tortured in the Residential Units. They had all become insane. They cried all day, swore, talked to themselves, while refusing to talk to anybody else.

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8. Beijings conference coined the mantra that womens rights are human rights. After Beijing+5, fighting violence against women has become a major issue for defenders of womens rights across the world. Today, the world community is bringing to justice perpetrators of crimes against humanity whose victims have been women. All this makes it imperative that the rulers of the mullahs regime, as the principals in these crimes against humanity, be brought to justice by the international community. The revelation of shocking evidence of such crimes by the former heirapparent of Khomeini only makes any inaction and silence on these crimes more unjustified. Economic interests must not be placed ahead of human rights concerns. The womens committee of the National Council of Resistance of Iran urges all human rights forums, the UN Commission on Human Rights, the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, the UNHRC special representative for human rights in Iran, the special rapporteur for women, and all organizations defending womens rights to condemn the Iranian regimes crimes against women and to undertake every effort to remove the political and practical impediments to the formation of an international tribunal for putting on trial the principals and perpetrators of these crimes. Womens Committee of the National Council of Resistance of Iran December 21, 2000

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Wanted for crimes against humaity

IV

Wanted for Crimes Against Humanity

Proposed list of indictments against 20 leaders and officials of Iranian regime

The following pages contain preliminary information on 21 individuals who have played an active role, in various capacities, in the massacre of thousands of political prisoners in Iran in 1988. The list, although not exhaustive, does identify the principal figures involved in the implementation of Khomeinis fatwa that ordered the extermination of political prisoners.

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Crime Against Humaity

Name: Ali Family Name: Khamenei POSITION IN 1988: President CURRENT POSITION: Vali-e Faqih (Supreme Leader) OTHER POSITIONS: 1. Member, Revolutionary Council 2. President, two terms for a total of eight years 3. Supreme Leader since 1989 CHARGES RELATED TO THE MASSACRE OF POLITICAL PRISONERS IN IRAN IN 1988: 1. Khamenei was present in the meeting where Khomeini ordered the massacre. Khamenei strongly supported Khomeinis order and persistently defended the fatwa when international condemnation mounted. 2. As President and the highest ranking executive authority in 1988, Khamenei bears primary responsibility for the massacre. As President, he allowed unlimited governmental resources to be used in implementing Khomeinis order. 3. Khamenei has since been actively involved in preventing the exposure of the carnage. In order to protect the interests of the system after the 1988 massacre and keep the crimes against humanity from being exposed, he prevented the UNHRC Special Representative from visiting Iran (reported by the regimes radio on December 6, 1988). OTHER CHARGES: 1. The terrorist operations outside Iran targeting hundreds of Iranian dissidents are initially approved by Khamenei and then submitted to the Supreme National Security Council for further review and subsequently put into implementation. 2. A German court referred to Khameneis role in the killing of four Iranian dissidents by agents of the Intelligence Ministry in the Mykonos restaurant in Berlin. The court identified Khamenei as the highest authority for giving orders for the assassinations.

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Wanted for crimes against humaity

PUBLIC STATEMENTS: Khamenei acknowledged his responsibility and defended the massacre of political prisoners With respect to executions, mass executions in Iran, ... have we banned capital punishment? No. We in the Islamic Republic have capital punishment for those who deserve to be executed. Do you think we should give sweets to a prisoner who has connections with the activities of the Monafeqin who attacked the Islamic Republics borders? If his connection with that group is revealed, what should we do to him? He is condemned to execution and we will execute him. We do not joke with this (Tehran radio, December 12, 1988).

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Crime Against Humaity

Name: Ali-Akbar Family Name: Hashemi-Rafsanjani

POSITION IN 1988: Speaker of Parliament, Acting Commander in Chief of the Armed Forces CURRENT POSITION: Head of the State Exigencies Council, Deputy Speaker of Assembly of Experts OTHER POSITIONS: Member of the Revolutionary Council, Minister of the Interior, President 19891997 CHARGES RELATED TO THE MASSACRE OF POLITICAL PRISONERS IN 1988: 1-Khomeini first raised the idea of his fatwa for the massacre at a meeting attended by his son Ahmad, Rafsanjani (the then Speaker of the Majlis and Acting Commander in Chief), Ali Khamenei (the then President), Abdolkarim Moussavi Ardebili (the then Chief Justice), Mohammad Moussavi Khoeiniha (the then Chief Revolutionary Prosecutor), and Mohammad Khatami (the then Director of Cultural Affairs at the General Command of the Armed Forces and Minister of Islamic Guidance). 2-As Acting Commander in Chief and the regimes de facto Number Two after Khomeini, Rafsanjani vigorously defended the fatwa for the massacre. He stated: In the recent affair, the Mersad Operation, there were people inside Iran who wanted to engage in extensive sabotage. They were punished. (State radio, December 6, 1988) 3-After Khomeini issued the fatwa, Rafsanjani oversaw its enforcement as Khomeinis representative and reported to him on the progress of the massacre. 4. As the Acting Commander in Chief, Rafsanjani ordered that all the military personnel who had deserted or surrendered themselves to the Mojahedin must be executed. The order was carried out. OTHER CHARGES: 1-In the summer of 1981, as large-scale execution of dissidents began, Rafsanjani

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Wanted for crimes against humaity

demanded more ruthless repression. He said publicly: At the outset of the Revolution we made a mistake: we did not kill 200 Mojahedin, now we have to kill them by the thousands. 2-During his presidency, he ordered the execution of many dissidents abroad. One such example was the assassination of Dr. Kazem Rajavi in Geneva in April 1990. The victims brother, Massoud Rajavi, revealed Rafsanjanis crime based on the testimony of reputable witnesses, and the Swiss media published the details. Rafsanjani tried to sue one of the reporters, but a Geneva court ruled in favor of the journalist and rejected Rafsanjanis claim of libel. 3- As chairman of the regimes Supreme National Security Council between 1989 and 1997, Rafsanjani personally endorsed plans for the assassination of Iranian dissidents abroad. 4- A Berlin Court found Rafsanjani guilty as one of a group of the highest officials of the Islamic Republic who had ordered the assassination of four dissident Iranians in Mykonos restaurant in 1992. 5- Throughout the year 2000, more evidence of Rafsanjanis role in a chain of politically motivated murders in Iran has surfaced. PUBLIC STATEMENTS: Rafsanjani: Gods law prescribes four punishments for them (the Mojahedin). 1-Kill them. 2-Hang them, 3-Cut off their hands and feet 4-Banish them. If we had killed two hundred of them right after the Revolution, their numbers would not have mounted this way. I repeat that according to the Quran, we are determined to destroy all [Mojahedin] who display enmity against Islam ( Ettelaat, October 31, 1981).

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Crime Against Humaity

Name: Mohammad Family Name: Khatami POSITION IN 1988: Minister of Islamic Guidance, Director of Cultural Affairs at the General Command of the Armed Forces CURRENT POSITION: President since 1997 OTHER POSITIONS: 1-Khomeini appointed him Supervisor of Kayhan (Irans biggest-circulation daily) 2-Member of the Majlis (parliament) from Ardekan 3-Minister of Guidance from 1982 until 1992 4-Advisor to the President and Director of the National Library 1992-1997

CHARGES RELATED TO THE MASSACRE OF POLITICAL PRISONERS IN IRAN IN 1988: 1-Khatami participated in the session in which Khomeini, for the first time, discussed plans for the execution of all political prisoners. 2-In governmental meetings, Khatami consistently opposed those worried about the social and international backlash of the massacre and strongly defended Khomeinis edict. As Minister of Guidance, he was responsible for suppressing any news of the massacre or criticism of it by various circles. As Ressalat and Iran News, state-run dailies, recently reported: This edict was issued and enforced when Mr. Khatami was Director of Cultural Affairs at the Armed Forces General Command and he resolutely defended His Holiness the Imams decision. 3-Abusing his powers as President, he has tried to cover up these mass murders, especially his own role in them. The daily Gozaresh, dated April 9, 2000, reported: Arya daily was closed down on the explicit, personal order of President Khatami, enforced immediately by the Ministry of Guidance, after it carried a story about the massacre of political prisoners in 1988. OTHER CHARGES: 1-From the outset, he was a close advisor to Khomeini. He personally directed

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Wanted for crimes against humaity

the censorship and repression of writers and artists for ten years as Minister of Guidance. Many of the most outstanding Iranian writers and artists were executed by firing squads during his term as Minister of Guidance. 2-During the war (with Iraq), Khatami was responsible for mobilizing school children who died by the tens of thousands in senseless human-wave attacks across minefields. Khatamis role in this atrocity indeed amounts to a war crime.

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Crime Against Humaity

Name: Abdulkarim Family Name: Moussavi Ardebili POSITION IN 1988: Chief Justice of the Islamic Republic, head of the Supreme Judicial Council CURRENT POSITION: One of the regimes official interpreters of canon law (a jurist worthy of being followed or emulated), theological lecturer in city of Qoms seminaries OTHER POSITIONS: Member of the ruling clergys Revolutionary Council. The first Chief Prosecutor under Khomeini CHARGES RELATED TO THE MASSACRE OF POLITICAL PRISONERS IN IRAN IN 1988: 1-He appointed religious judges to the death committees throughout Iran. 2-He conveyed Khomeinis fatwa for the massacre to religious judges and prosecutors throughout Iran and ordered them to join the death committees. 3-He is among those who directly received Khomeinis fatwa for the massacre. He then made sure the judiciary would obey it. (Refer to a handwritten note by Khomeinis late son, Ahmad, on Khomeinis fatwa. Montazeri has published the document in his memoirs.) 4-Moussavi-Ardebili ordered speedy execution of political prisoners without any judicial formalities. On August 6, 1988, in an interview broadcast by the national radio network, he stated: The Judiciary is under great pressure...There are questions about why these people are not executed. They must all be executed. We will no longer have trials or bother with the dossiers of the convicts. OTHER CHARGES: During his tenure as Chief Justice between 1981 and 1989, more than 90,000 executions took place. Ardebili was the ultimate judicial authority as Chief of the entire Judicial System REMARKS: Moussavi-Ardebilis own confession of some of these wholesale crimes against humanity is included.
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Wanted for crimes against humaity

Name: Mohammad Family Name: Moussavi Khoeiniha POSITION IN 1988: Chief Revolutionary Prosecutor CURRENT POSITION: Leader of the Second Khordad Front (Supporters of Khatami); and member of the State Exigencies Council OTHER POSITIONS: Leader of the Students Following the Line of the Imam who held American diplomats in Tehran hostage for 444 days CHARGES RELATED TO THE MASSACRE OF POLITICAL PRISONERS IN IRAN IN 1988: 1-Khomeini personally assigned the task of implementing the fatwa for the massacre to Khoeiniha as Chief Revolutionary Prosecutor. 2-In all death committees he had his own representatives who directly reported to him. 3-He dismissed several local prosecutors who objected to the mass murders. 4-From 1985 through 1988, as Chief Revolutionary Prosecutor, he was instrumental in the execution of thousands of people. OTHER CHARGES: 1-He and his deputy prosecutors issued at least 100,000 arrest warrants for dissidents. Most of the detainees were subjected to savage torture. Huge numbers were executed. 2-He appointed special representatives in the Ministry of Intelligence and its departments throughout Iran in order to expedite the arrest and torture of political dissidents. PUBLIC STATEMENTS: Le Monde , March 1, 1989: Imam Khomeini summoned Revolutionary Prosecutor Hojjatoleslam [Mohammad Moussavi] Khoeiniha and ordered him to treat all Mojahedin, in prison or elsewhere, as being at war with God and execute them summarily...

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Crime Against Humaity

First Name: Ali Last Name: Fallahian POSITION IN 1988: Deputy Director of the Ministry of Intelligence CURRENT POSITION: Member of Assembly of Experts OTHER POSITIONS: Religious judge of the Islamic Revolutionary Court in Abadan Religious judge of the Islamic Revolutionary Court in Kermanshah Minister of Intelligence Special Prosecutor Deputy Chief Revolutionary Prosecutor Head of the Armed Forces Counter-intelligence Organization CHARGES RELATED TO THE MASSACRE OF POLITICAL PRISONERS IN IRAN IN 1988: In his position as deputy to Intelligence Minister Rayshahri, Fallahian played an active role in implementing Khomeinis orders. He appointed many of the Intelligence Ministry officials to the death committees. OTHER CHARGES: 1- As the religious judge in several cities including Abadan and Kermanshah, he issued the execution order and imprisonment of several hundred people. 2- In 1982, as the Deputy Chief of the Revolutionary Court, he coordinated the activities of the Tehran Revolutionary Court and the Central Committee and Revolutionary Guards Intelligence which led to the violent crackdown of 1982. ( Abrar Newspaper August 20, 1989). As a result of the regimes Revolutionary Guards attack on the houses of Mojahedin members and supporters in Tehran, at least 60 were killed. The list of their names is available. 3- In his position as the religious judge of the Islamic Revolutionary Court, he was able to discover and destroy Mojahedins organization in Kermanshah and Khorassan provinces. (Abrar, August 20, 1989) Fallahian signed the execution orders of many Mojahedin members and supporters in these two provinces. 4- In his position as the Deputy Intelligence Minster, he was responsible for the training of terrorist teams operating outside Iran.

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Wanted for crimes against humaity

5- Judge Roland Chatelain, the Swiss magistrate in charge of investigations into the 1990 assassination of Dr. Kazem Rajavi, declared in July 1997 that Fallahian had masterminded Dr. Rajavis assassination. 6- A Berlin court which investigated the assassination of four Iranian dissidents declared after a four-year investigation that Fallahian was the mastermind and organizer of this crime. The court issued an international arrest warrant for Fallahian. 7- Fallahian issued the order to assassinate Mr. Mohammad-Hossein Naghdi, the National Council of Resistances Representative in Italy. This terrorist act was carried out by agents of the Intelligence Ministry in 1993. 8- Fallahian issued orders to kidnap and kill Mr. Ali-Akbar Ghorbani, a member of the Mojahedin, in 1992 in Turkey. Ghorbani died under torture and his mutilated body was discovered a few months later. 9- Fallahian issued orders to kidnap and assassinate Ms. Zahra Rajabi, a senior member of the National Council of Resistance of Iran. He directly supervised this operation which was carried out in February 1996. The initial plan was to kidnap Zahra Rajabi, but at the time due to the resistance of a Mojahedin supporter who accompanied her, the Intelligence Ministrys terrorists killed both of them. One of these terrorists who was arrested confessed to the Turkish authorities. He was sentenced to life imprisonment. 10- The assassination of Shahpour Bakhtiar in Paris in August 1991 was ordered by Fallahian and carried out by agents of the Intelligence Ministry. 11- Fallahians Intelligence Ministry carried out 51 terrorist operations against the Mojahedin in Iraq. Ruhollah Hosseinian, a former Intelligence Minister Deputy, has confessed that Saeed Emami (Fallahians deputy) led 100 operations against the Mojahedin outside Iran. 12- Fallahian is one of the principal figures behind the murder of writers and intellectuals in Iran, known as the chain political murders. He was the organizer of these assassinations. A list including the names of 111 of those assassinated is available.

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Crime Against Humaity

Name: Mohammad Family Name: Mohammadi Rayshahri POSITION IN 1988: Minister of Intelligence CURRENT POSITION: Representative of Supreme Leader Khamenei for the pilgrimage to Mecca. OTHER POSITIONS: Judge of the Special Court for the Clergy; judge in the Revolutionary Tribunal; President of the Military Tribunals; founder of the Ministry of Intelligence. CHARGES RELATED TO THE MASSACRE OF POLITICAL PRISONERS IN 1988: 1-Appointment of the death committees, each consisting of three members, in Tehran and the provinces. These committees interviewed all prisoners and decided who should be executed. Montazeri reveals that the committees were dominated by the Intelligence Ministry representatives, who insisted on the highest number of executions. 2-Rayshahri headed an oversight committee in Evin Prison. On the first day of the massacre, this committee drew up details for the execution of more than 10,000 political prisoners in Tehran on Khomeinis orders. Other members were Raissi, Nayyeri, Mortazavi, Mohseni-Ezhei, Mobasheri. and Pourmohammadi. 3-The arbitrary detention of thousands of former political prisoners and young supporters of the Mojahedin and the re-arrest of thousands of released political prisoners. His ministry organized the execution by firing squads of these victims along with political prisoners. OTHER CHARGES: 1-Ordering the execution of dozens of people during the years 1979 through 1981 as a roving Revolutionary Judge in Gachsaran, Dezful, Behbahan, Khorramabad and Borujerd. 2-Purges of thousands of dissident military personnel as chief judge and prosecutor of Military Tribunals from 1980 through 1984. He personally ordered the execution of several hundred servicemen during this period.

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Wanted for crimes against humaity

3-Detention of many dissident clergymen and the execution of several of them. 4. As the founder of the Intelligence Ministry, he was responsible for institutionalizing torture, kidnapping, murder, sexual assault on women detainees and an endless list of crimes committed by the Intelligence Ministry agents under his command. REMARKS: Several former personnel of the Ministry of Intelligence and Evin Prison are ready to give eyewitness testimony about Rayshahris crimes against humanity in any trial.

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Crime Against Humaity

Name: Morteza Last Name: Eshraghi POSITION IN 1988: Tehran Prosecutor and chair of the death committee in Tehran CURRENT POSITION: Justice of the Supreme Court CHARGES RELATED TO THE MASSACRE OF POLITICAL PRISONERS IN IRAN IN 1988: 1. The Chief Prosecutor of Tehran and the head of the death committee in Tehran. He was appointed by Khomeini. 2. Along with other members of the death committee, Eshraghi is responsible for issuing execution verdicts for at least 10,000 political prisoners during the massacre. REMARKS: Many individuals who were in prison during the massacre and closely witnessed Eshraghis role are ready to serve as witnesses and testify in an international court. Similarly, several former members of the Intelligence Ministry and former employees of Evin prison are ready to serve as eyewitness and testify in an international court. One of these witnesses personally attended a meeting at which the procedures for implementing Khomeinis order were discussed.

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Wanted for crimes against humaity

Name: Jaafar Family Name: Nayyeri POSITION IN 1988: Presiding Judge of Revolutionary Tribunal in Tehran and Chairman of the central death committee in Tehran CURRENT POSITION: Deputy Chief Justice of the Supreme Court CHARGES RELATED TO THE MASSACRE OF POLITICAL PRISONERS IN IRAN IN 1988: 1-Religious judge and chairman of the central death committee in Tehran, personally appointed by Khomeini. 2-Personally ordered the execution of at least 10,000 political prisoners during the massacre. 3-According to Montazeri, in a meeting on August 12, 1988, Nayyeri confessed to some of his crimes by stating: We have so far executed 750 people in Tehran. We have separated two hundred others because of their views and will get rid of them as well. OTHER CHARGES: 1-In the past two decades, as a religious judge, judge of the Revolutionary Tribunals and holder of other senior positions in the ruling clergys courts, Nayyeri has ordered the execution of thousands of political prisoners. REMARKS: 1-Many eyewitnesses, prisoners who witnessed the crimes, are ready to testify in any trial. 2-Some former personnel of the Ministry of Intelligence and Evin Prison are ready to testify about Nayyeris crimes.

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Crime Against Humaity

Name: Mostafa Family Name: Pourmohammadi POSITION IN 1988: Deputy Minister of Intelligence and member of the death committee in Tehran CURRENT POSITION: National Security Advisor to the Supreme Leader CHARGES RELATED TO THE MASSACRE OF POLITICAL PRISONERS IN IRAN IN 1988: 1-Representative of the Ministry of Intelligence in the central death committee in Tehran 2-The principal figure behind the execution of at least 10,000 political prisoners in the massacre OTHER CHARGES: 1-For 13 years, he consistently held high positions in the Ministry of Intelligence. From 1989 through 1997, he was Deputy Minister of Intelligence under Fallahian. During this period, Pourmohammadi played a direct role in the arrest, torture and murder of thousands of political prisoners. 2-He was one of the key masterminds of a chain of political assassinations in and outside Iran. 3. Pourmohammadi played an instrumental role in dozens of murders involving dissidents and intellectuals in Iran throughout the 1990s. Among the victims was his own cousin, Mrs. Ashraf-os-Sadat Borghei, who was killed at her home in Qom in March 1996. Emadoddin Baghi, a journalist who was later jailed for his revelations, wrote in Fath newspaper on January 29, 2000: The murderers of Mrs. Borghei put the house on fire to make it look like a fire and conceal their crime. Deputy Intelligence Minister Mostafa Pourmohammadi, who was the cousin of Mrs. Borghei, was at a house near the scene of the crime, together with Intelligence Minister Ali Fallahian. Baghi later revealed a letter from Borgheis husband in which he accused Pourmohammadi of killing his wife. Mrs. Borghei was working for the Intelligence Ministry.

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Wanted for crimes against humaity

REMARKS: 1-Many eyewitnesses, prisoners during these crimes against humanity, are willing to testify against Pourmohammadi in any court. 2-In addition, a number of former personnel of the Ministry of Intelligence and Evin Prison are willing to provide eye-witness testimony about Pourmohammadis crimes against humanity.

65

Crime Against Humaity

Name: Gholam-Hossein Family Name: Mohseni Ezhei POSITION IN 1988: Special representative of the Chief Justice in the Ministry of Intelligence CURRENT POSITION: President of the Special Court for the Clergy since 1998 OTHER POSITIONS: Judiciarys representative in the Ministry of Intelligence until 1995 President of Branch 3 of the Revolutionary Court Deputy Revolutionary Prosecutor in Tehran Religious judge of the State Employees Tribunal CHARGES RELATED TO THE MASSACRE OF POLITICAL PRISONERS IN 1988: 1. Mohseni Ezhei was a member of the top supervisory committee that under Intelligence Minister Rayshahri met in Evin Prison to oversee the progress of the implementation of Khomeinis fatwa . It was this committee that set down the procedures for the massacre before the executions began. 2. Mohseni Ezhei was present in Tehrans prisons throughout the period of the massacre and assisted the death committees as a religious judge and oversaw the executions. OTHER CHARGES: 1. As the religious judge of the State Employees Tribunal, Mohseni Ezhei has issued thousands of verdicts for the dismissal, arrest and execution of dissident employees of the government 2. As the special representative of the judiciary in the Intelligence Ministry, Mohseni Ezhei facilitated the unlawful acts of the Intelligence Ministrys agents by giving them authorization for murder and harassment of the citizens. In that position, he issued thousands of arrest warrants and ordered the torture of detainees. He also issued death decrees for prisoners who were killed under torture. 3. Mohseni Ezhei has issued death decrees for the murder of several dissident intellectuals and writers. Newspapers in Iran revealed that Pirouz Davani, a writer,

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Wanted for crimes against humaity

was abducted and killed by Intelligence Ministry agents on a secret decree issued by Mohseni. REMARKS: Several former personnel of the Ministry of Intelligence are ready to give eyewitness testimony about Mohseni Ezheis crimes against humanity in any trial.

67

Crime Against Humaity

First Name: Mohammad Last Name: Mohammadi Gilani POSITION IN 1988: Secretary of the Guardian Council CURRENT POSITION: Chief of the Supreme Court OTHER POSITIONS: Chief of Tehrans Revolutionary Court Member of the Guardian Council CHARGES RELATED TO THE MASSACRE OF POLITICAL PRISONERS IN IRAN IN 1988: As the most influential religious judge in the regime, Gilani played an active role in the massacre of 1988 by overseeing the work of the death committees. OTHER CHARGES: 1-As Chief of Tehrans Revolutionary Court, he issued numerous death sentences. Several thousand individuals have been tried by him summarily and sentenced to death. The courts lasted for only a few minutes and the defendants were never given a chance to defend themselves or appeal the courts verdict. 2-He ordered the execution of two of his own children, who were members of the Mojahedin. 3-Gilani has openly and repeatedly supported torture, public executions, etc. 4-In his position as the president of the Supreme Court, he has upheld thousands of death sentences passed by courts and religious judges across the country. PUBLIC STATEMENTS: Mohammadi Gilani, then-Religious Judge of Tehran: We must use Taazir (torture) on these [Mojahedin] to make them tell us where they have hidden their weapons. According to Islam, even if they die under torture, no one is held accountable. This is the precise decree of the Imam ( Ettelaat, October 30, 1981). Mohammadi Gilani: Those who are arrested during armed street demonstrations can be lined up against a wall and shot on the spot. The wounded can also be finished off on the spot. From the religious point of view, there is no need to bring such people to court, because they have waged war on God. Their sentence is clear. (Kayhan, September 20, 1981).

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Wanted for crimes against humaity

First Name: Ali Last Name: Younessi POSITION IN 1988: First deputy to the Judicial Organization of the Armed Forces, religious judge CURRENT POSITION: Minister of Intelligence since 1999 OTHER POSITIONS: Religious Judge of Qom Chief of Tehran Revolutionary Court Chief of the Army Revolutionary Court, religious judge of the armed forces Khomeinis representative for rebuilding the Army Counter-intelligence Organization General Prosecutor of Tehran CHARGES RELATED TO THE MASSACRE OF POLITICAL PRISONERS IN IRAN IN 1988: 1- As the religious judge, he was directly involved in the prosecution and execution of political prisoners 2- In his position as chief of the 2nd Branch of the Revolutionary Court and a religious judge, he had an active role in the arrest of dissident servicemen, ordering the execution of many of them. 4- In 1986, he was Khomeinis representative for rebuilding the Armys Counterintelligence Organization and in 1988, he was the representative of the Acting Commander of Chief for intelligence and security issues. In this position, he for the second time proceeded to purge the military personnel and to arrest and execute dissident servicemen. 5- From 1988 to 1993, he was Tehrans General Prosecutor. In this capacity, he was personally responsible for the execution of many prisoners. 6- From 1993 until 1999, he was Chief of the Armed Forces Judicial Organization. In this position, he issued death sentences for several hundred servicemen opposing the regime and supporting the Mojahedin.

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Crime Against Humaity

Name: Ali-Akbar Family Name: Mohtashami POSITION IN 1988: Minister of the Interior CURRENT POSITION: Majlis deputy, leader of Khatamis faction in the Majlis OTHER POSITIONS: Ambassador to Syria Responsible for the regimes terrorist activities abroad in the 1980s Presidential counselor (under Khatami) CHARGES RELATED TO THE MASSACRE OF POLITICAL PRISONERS IN 1988: 1- As Interior Minister, he was instrumental in carrying out the large-scale arrest of former political prisoners and Mojahedin sympathizers across the country, because Khomeinis fatwa required that in addition to those Mojahedin supporters in jail, others at large also be caught and executed.. 2- Mohtashami vigorously defended the massacre and suppressed all internal dissent. The Komiteh Revolutionary Guards under his command were responsible for suppression and intimidation of families of victims.. OTHER CHARGES: 1- As the acting commander in chief of the internal security forces (Komiteh), Mohtashami was responsible in the 1980s for the arrest and torture and murder of numerous political activists and dissidents across the country. 2. Mohtashamis role in the foreign terrorist operations of the mullahs regime throughout the 1980s is well documented. PUBLIC STATEMENTS: Mohtashami: There are crimes which must be punished by execution. It is natural that the punishment for the Mojahedin is execution. All the rumors about mass executions is only about those who were executed in Mersad operation... But to put this issue to rest, I must say that all those who were arrested and all those who joined [the Mojahedin] have been executed (An interview with Irans Interior Minister, Al-Mostaqbal daily, Lebanon, February 24, 1989).
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Wanted for crimes against humaity

Name: Ebrahim Last Name: Raissi POSITION IN 1988: Deputy to the Tehran Prosecutor and influential member of death committee in Tehran CURRENT POSITION: Head of the State Inspectorate Office OTHER POSITIONS: President of Tehrans Islamic Revolutionary Court for Political Groups CHARGES RELATED TO THE MASSACRE OF POLITICAL PRISONERS IN IRAN IN 1988: 1. Raissi was one of the most influential members of the death committee in Tehran and along with its other members was responsible for the execution of at least 10,000 political prisoners in Tehran OTHER CHARGES: 1. As the President of the Tehran Revolutionary Court for Political Groups, Raissi has been involved in the arrest, torture, and execution of members and supporters of political groups, especially the Mojahedin REMARKS: Many individuals who were in prison during the massacre and closely witnessed Raissis role are ready to serve as witnesses and testify in an international court. Similarly, many former members of the Intelligence Ministry and former employees of Evin prison are ready to serve as eyewitnesses and testify in an international court.

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Crime Against Humaity

Name: Mohammad Family Name: Moghissei (aka Naserian) POSITION IN 1988: Governor of Gohardasht Prison CURRENT POSITION: Senior official in the judiciary OTHER POSITIONS: Top official in Revolutionary Prosecutors Office in Tehran Interrogator in Evin Prisons Branch 3 CHARGES RELATED TO THE MASSACRE OF POLITICAL PRISONERS IN 1988: 1. As the governor of Gohardasht Prison, Moghissei sat on the death committee during its sessions in that prison. 2. He personally hanged numerous prisoners in Gohardasht during the massacre. 3. In the exceptional cases that other members of the death committee wanted to show some leniency, Moghissei always prevented them and had the prisoner executed. 4. Under his direction, thousands of prisoners in Gohardasht were executed during the massacre and the few survivors were transferred to Evin. OTHER CHARGES: 1. Moghissei has been described by many former prisoners as the most ruthless among all the savage torturers and executioners in Khomeinis prisons. This ruthlessness allowed him to rise quickly in the mullahs hierarchy and become the governor of a major prison by 1987. 2. As the governor of Gohardasht, he introduced the most savage types of torture to the prison. Hundreds of prisoners lost their mental balance under these tortures and hundreds more died under torture. 3. He himself raped numerous women prisoners and encouraged this practice during his term as governor. REMARKS: There are hundreds of former prisoners from Gohardasht who are prepared to testify on Moghisseis crimes.

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Name: Seyyed Hossein Family Name: Mortazavi POSITION IN 1988: Governor of Evin Prison CURRENT POSITION: Senior official in the judiciary OTHER POSITIONS: Candidate for Majlis from the city of Zanjan Official in Revolutionary Prosecutors Office Interrogator in Evin Prison CHARGES RELATED TO THE MASSACRE OF POLITICAL PRISONERS IN 1988: 1. As the governor of Evin Prison, Mortazavi sat on the death committee during its sessions in that prison. 2. He executed numerous prisoners in Evin during the massacre. 3. Thousands of prisoners in Evin were executed during the massacre under Mortazavis personal supervision OTHER CHARGES: 1. Mortazavi was one of the most ruthless torturers in Evin and was personally responsible for killing many prisoners under torture. 2. As the governor of Evin, he ordered the arbitrary execution of numerous prisoners. REMARKS: There are hundreds of former prisoners from Evin who are prepared to testify on Mortazavis crimes. There are also several former members of the Intelligence Ministry who have indicated their readiness to testify about Mortazavis crimes.

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Name: Ali Family Name: Mobasheri POSITION IN 1988: Religious Judge in Evin Prison CURRENT POSITION: President of Revolutionary Courts in Tehran OTHER POSITIONS: Top official in Revolutionary Prosecutors Office CHARGES RELATED TO THE MASSACRE OF POLITICAL PRISONERS IN 1988: 1. As the religious judge based in Evin Prison, Mobasheri sat on the death committee during its sessions in Evin. 2. He was a member of the top supervisory committee that under Intelligence Minister Rayshahri set down the procedures for the massacre before the executions began. 3. Mobasheri personally issued hundreds of death sentences in Evin prison. OTHER CHARGES: 1. Mobasheri was a senior official in the Revolutionary Prosecutors Office after the 1979 revolution and in that position, he was actively involved in the arrest, torture and execution of thousands of political dissidents in Tehran. Deputy Chief of the Judiciary, Mullah Hadi Marvi, praised Mobasheris record recently: Mr. Mobasheri is an active and well-known figure in the judiciary. In the early years of the revolution, he was working with Ayatollah Qoddusi to clamp down on the [Mojahedin] (State television, April 2, 2000). 2. As the resident religious judge in Evin prison since 1981, he issued countless orders for torture and execution of prisoners. 3. Mobasheri has personally issued decrees for the rape of women prisoners in Evin before their execution. REMARKS: There are hundreds of former prisoners in Evin who are prepared to testify on Mobasheris crimes. Several former personnel of the Ministry of Intelligence are ready to give eyewitness testimony about Mobasheris crimes against humanity in any trial.

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Name: Ismail Family Name: Shoushtari POSITION IN 1988: Head of the State Prisons Organization, member of central death committee CURRENT POSITION: Minister of Justice since 1989 OTHER POSITIONS: Two-term Majlis deputy Senior official in Central Revolutionary Court Member of the Council of Senior Judicial Officials CHARGES RELATED TO THE MASSACRE OF POLITICAL PRISONERS IN 1988: 1- As the Head of the State Prisons Organization, Shoushtari played a key role in the overall coordination of the implementation of Khomeinis fatwa in prisons across the country. 2. As an active member of the central death committee in Tehran, he was involved in the approval of 10,000 executions in Tehran in the second half of 1988. He was appointed as Justice Minister the following year in appreciation of his services to the regime during the massacre of political prisoners. OTHER CHARGES: 1- As the Head of the State Prisons Organization for several years, Shoushtari was directly responsible for thousands of executions, systematic torture, and rape of women prisoners that went on in prisons under his authority. 2. Since 1989, Shoushtari has been Justice Minister and a key member on the Council of Senior Judicial Officials. He therefore bears direct responsibility for all the crimes of the mullahs judicial system throughout this period. 3. Shoushtari has played a significant role in the past two years to cover up the case of politically-motivated chain murders. COMMENTS: Many former political prisoners from Evin Prison are ready to testify on the crimes of Shoushtari and his role in the massacre of political prisoners in 1988.

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Name: Ali-Akbar Family Name: Velayati POSITION IN 1988: Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1981 to 1997 CURRENT POSITION: Advisor on international affairs to the Supreme Leader OTHER POSITIONS: Member of the Majlis 1980-1981 CHARGES RELATED TO THE MASSACRE OF POLITICAL PRISONERS IN 1988: 1- After the first discussion among the top leaders of the regime about the massacre, Velayati was consulted about the international consequences of the carnage. He gave his full backing to the decision to massacre political prisoners. 2-As Foreign Minister, he led the regimes attempts to deceive the international public opinion on the massacre and conceal the dimensions of the killings. He was instrumental in barring any fact-finding visit to Iran by NGOs and UN rapporteurs. Once the massacre ended, he led the attempts to whitewash these crimes by arranging guided tours of the empty prisons. His role in this respect is comparable to the crimes of Joseph Goebbels in Nazi Germany. OTHER CHARGES: 1- In April 1997, a Berlin Court found Velayati guilty as a member of a secret four-man committee comprising the highest officials of the Islamic Republic who had to ratify all plans for the assassination of dissident Iranians abroad. 2. During his tenure as Foreign Minister, Velayati placed all the facilities of the Foreign Ministry at the disposal of the Revolutionary Guards and the Intelligence Ministry to carry out terrorist attacks on Iranian dissidents and also foreign targets in different countries around the world. PUBLIC STATEMENTS: Velayati: In this country, those who resort to armed insurgency must be killed. Thats the law. Prisoners who have been executed in recent months belonged to the Peoples Mojahedin. Other executed prisoners had confessed to murder of political figures (Interview with Irans Foreign Minister, the French weekly Le Point, February 5, 1989).
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Legal Grounds for the Establishment of an International Tribunal

The most serious crimes of concern to the international community as a whole must not go unpunished and their effective prosecution must be ensured... (from the preamble of the Statute for the International Criminal Court, adopted in Rome on 17 July 1998)

The National Council of Resistance of Iran calls for the establishment of a tribunal to try the leaders of the Iranian regime and other officials of this regime who have acted as the principal protagonists of the massacre of thousands of political prisoners in Iran in 1988. The carnage that went on in Irans prisons in the second half of 1988 undoubtedly fits into the category of crimen contra omnes - crimes against all - in other words, crimes that are so serious as to mandate universal enforcement, jurisdiction, and responsibility. The call for the establishment of an international tribunal is fully based on international law and legal precedents: from the Nuremberg tribunal at the end of

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the Second World War to the international criminal tribunals for Rwanda and former Yugoslavia, mandated by UN Security Council resolutions. Crimes against humanity recognized by international law include the practice of systematic or widespread murder, torture, forced disappearances, deportation and forcible transfers, arbitrary detention and persecutions on political or other grounds. There is a huge body of irrefutable evidence to prove that hundreds of thousands of cases of these crimes have been perpetrated by the current Iranian regime. Much of the evidence has been documented and catalogued in testimonies, reports and resolutions by United Nations rapporteurs, the Commission on Human Rights, the General Assembly, international NGOs, victims or their families, former or serving officials of the regime, press reports, opposition organizations, etc. For many years, the National Council of Resistance of Iran has been calling on the Security Council to order the establishment of an international tribunal that would bring to justice Iranian officials responsible for crimes against humanity that include mass executions, systematic torture, ethnically- and religiously-motivated genocide, institutionalized discrimination against women and systematic rape of women and girls in prisons, persecution on political and cultural grounds, and terrorist attacks in many parts of the world. What bestows particular urgency and added justification to the establishment of a tribunal now is the recent revelation of a series of documents on the massacre of political prisoners in 1988 by Mr. Hossein-Ali Montazeri, the 79-year-old senior cleric who was for a decade the designated successor to the regimes Supreme Leader, Ruhollah Khomeini. It can be said with certainty that documents that so clearly show that orders for the massacre of thousands of political prisoners came from the highest authority in the country and involved the top echelons of the government and part of the state apparatus in a systematic and planned way are unique; there are no comparable documents of this clarity in other instances brought before justice by the international community in the past few decades. With such compelling evidence readily available, the failure of the international community - specifically the UN Security Council - to act promptly is wholly unjustifiable and exposes it to charges of double standards. If these crimes are to be left unpunished, a terrible injustice will have been perpetrated upon the tens of thousands of victims and survivors of these crimes, along with their families. The legal basis The NCR proposal for the tribunal is firmly based on international law and legal precedents. Each of these crimes against humanity have been recognized as crimes
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under international law in international conventions or other international instruments, either expressly or as other inhumane acts, including in Article 6 (c) of the Charter of the International Military Tribunal at Nuremberg (1945) (murder, deportation and other inhumane acts and persecutions), Allied Control Council Law No. 10 (1946) (murder, deportation, imprisonment, torture and other inhumane acts and persecutions), Article 6 (c) of the Charter of the International Military Tribunal for the Far East (1946) (murder, deportation and other inhumane acts and persecutions), Article 2 (10) of the Draft Code of Offenses against the Peace and Security of Mankind (1954) (murder, deportation and persecutions), Article 5 of the Statute of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (1993) (murder, deportation, imprisonment, persecutions and other inhumane acts), Article 3 of the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (1994) (murder, deportation, imprisonment, persecutions and other inhumane acts), Article 18 of the UN Draft Code of Crimes against the Peace and Security of Mankind (1996) (murder, torture, persecution, arbitrary imprisonment, arbitrary deportation or forcible transfer of population, forced disappearance of persons and other inhumane acts) and Article 7 of the Statute of the International Criminal Court (1998) (murder, deportation or forcible transfer of population, imprisonment or other severe deprivation of physical liberty in violation of fundamental rules of international law, torture, persecution, enforced disappearance of persons and other inhumane acts). Historical and legal precedents The Treaty of Versailles at the end of the First World War recognized for the first time (in an international treaty) the principle of the punishment of war criminals. Under the relevant articles of the Treaty, Articles 228 through 230, the German government acknowledged the right of the Allies to bring before military tribunals individuals accused of acts in violation of the laws and customs of war, agreed that the accused would be tried in military tribunals and agreed to turn over all documents and information necessary to the tribunals. Although due to a compromise, the German government subsequently tried the defendants in national courts and gave them unduly light punishment for serious crimes, the principle was established in modern international law that authorization for the trial of war criminals can be established by treaty. In the wake of the Second World War, the United States, the Soviet Union, Britain and France reached an agreement by which an international military tribunal was to be created to try the German war criminals. Accompanying the agreement was a Charter of the International Military Tribunal (the Nuremberg Charter). The Nuremberg Charters major contribution to international law was the notion of individual accountability for violations of international legal norms. The charter,
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in its Article 6, created three charges (Crimes Against Peace, War Crimes, and Crimes Against Humanity), and prohibited the defense of superior orders and likewise prohibited the defense of the Act of State. It was the third charge - Crimes Against Humanity - which was the major innovation among the charges. The Charter took a universalistic approach to these crimes, namely that the crimes are so heinous and grave in nature that they become international crimes against universally accepted concepts of morality. To bolster international support for the Charter, another 19 states expressed their adherence to its principles. The United Nations General Assembly, on December 11, 1946, unanimously affirmed the principles of the Nuremberg Charter. The Charters principles thus became part of customary international law. Jurisdiction of the tribunal The main jurisdictional argument used for the Nuremberg Tribunal is that the crimes committed by the German leadership were so atrocious that there existed universal jurisdiction over them. The perpetrators of such crimes are deemed to be hostes humani generis, or common enemies of mankind. It was argued that the tribunal was created by the four powers on behalf of the entire world community of civilized nations, to bring to trial the major Nazi war criminals. The Charters preamble states that the four nations were acting in the interests of all the United Nations. The logical conclusion of this specific jurisdictional basis of the Nuremberg Tribunal is that there are certain crimes for which universal jurisdiction exists and for which certain powers can act - on behalf of the world community - to prosecute the criminals. International customary law The crimes in question are recognized as crimes against humanity under international customary law (Article VI (c) of the International Law Commissions Principles of International Law Recognized in the Charter of the Nuremberg Tribunal and in the Judgment of the Tribunal, 1950). As the UN Secretary-General made clear in his report to the Security Council on the establishment of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia, which has jurisdiction over crimes against humanity, the application of the principle of nullum crimen sine lege requires that the international tribunal should apply rules of international humanitarian law which are beyond any doubt part of customary law so that the problem of adherence of some but not all States to specific conventions does not arise (Report of the SecretaryGeneral pursuant to paragraph 2 of Security Council resolution 808 (1993), UN Doc. S/25704, 3 May 1993, para. 34). He also stated that [t]he part of conventional international humanitarian law
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which has beyond doubt become part of international customary law includes the Nuremberg Charter (Ibid., para. 35). Moreover, crimes against humanity and the norms which regulate them form part of jus cogens (fundamental norms). As such, they are peremptory norms of general international law which, as recognized in Article 53 of the Vienna Convention of the Law of Treaties (1969), cannot be modified or revoked by treaty or national law. That article provides that a peremptory norm of general international law is a norm accepted and recognized by the international community of states as a whole as a norm from which no derogation is permitted and which can be modified only by a subsequent norm of general international law having the same character. The responsibility of states An amicus curae submitted to the panel of judges of the House of Lords by Amnesty International in October 1998 concerning the case of Chilean dictator General Augusto Pinochet stated: As the International Court of Justice recognized in Barcelona Traction, Light and Power Company Ltd. (ICJ, 1972 Report, p. 32), the prohibition in international law of acts, such as those alleged in this case, is an obligation erga omnes which all states have a legal interest in ensuring is implemented. This legal interest permits any state to exercise universal jurisdiction over persons suspected of committing crimes against humanity (M. Cherif Bassiouni, Crimes against Humanity (Dordrecht/Boston/ London: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers 1992), pp. 510-527). On this basis, the National Council of Resistance calls on each member state of the United Nations to proceed with the arrest and prosecution of the leaders and top officials of the Islamic Republic of Iran on charges of crimes against humanity. A number of states, including Canada and France, have enacted legislation permitting their courts to exercise universal jurisdiction over crimes against humanity and a number of national courts are reported to have determined that they have jurisdiction over acts which amount to crimes against humanity. The French Court of Appeal referred to this fundamental rule of international law in the Barbie Case when it held that by reason of their nature, the crimes against humanity with which Barbie is indicted do not simply fall within the scope of French municipal law, but are subject to an international criminal order to which the notions of frontiers and extradition rules arising therefrom are completely foreign (Fdration Nationale des Dports et Interns Rsistants et Patriotes and Others v. Barbie, Cour de Cassation (Chambre Criminel), Judgment, 6 October 1983). The UN Special Rapporteur on torture, Nigel Rodley, before he assumed that post concluded more than a decade ago that permissive universality of jurisdiction
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[over torture] is probably already achieved under general international law (Nigel Rodley, The Treatment of Prisoners under International Law (Oxford: Clarendon Press 1987) p. 107). Every state which is a party to the UN Convention against Torture (including the United Kingdom, Belgium, Chile, France, Italy, Luxembourg, Spain, Switzerland, Sweden and the United States) is under a solemn duty under Article 7 (1) of that treaty to extradite anyone found in its jurisdiction alleged to have committed torture or to submit the case to its competent authorities for the purpose of prosecution. The absence of immunity Those responsible for torture, genocide and other crimes against humanity cannot invoke immunity or special privileges as a means of avoiding criminal or civil responsibility. The fundamental rule of international law that there is no immunity under international law for heads of state and public officials for crimes against humanity has been long established. It is simply a specific example of the general rule of international law recognized in the Treaty of Versailles of 28 June of 1919 that immunities of heads of state under international law have limits, particularly when crimes under international law are involved. The Allies had planned to bring Adolf Hitler, the head of state of Germany, to justice for crimes under international law. Article 7 of the Nuremberg Charter expressly provided: The official position of defendants, whether as Heads of State or responsible officials in Government Departments, shall not be considered as freeing them from responsibility or mitigating punishment. In its Judgment, the International Military Tribunal at Nuremberg declared: Crimes against international law are committed by men, not by abstract entities, and only by punishing individuals who commit such crimes can the provisions of international law be enforced (Nuremberg Judgment, supra, p. 41). The fundamental rule of international law that heads of state and public officials do not enjoy immunity for crimes against humanity has also been consistently reaffirmed for more than half a century by the international community, the last major instance being Article 27 of the Statute for the International Criminal Court, adopted in Rome on 17 July 1998. The international law rule which provides that there is no immunity for heads of states or public officials for crimes against humanity is buttressed by the exclusion of statutes of limitation and the prohibition of asylum for persons responsible for such crimes. An appeal for justice It is clear, as far as international law is concerned, that all states have universal
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jurisdiction over torture, extrajudicial executions, genocide and other crimes against humanity and they have a duty to bring the perpetrators of such crimes to justice in their own courts, to extradite them to a state willing to do so or to surrender them to an international criminal court with jurisdiction over these crimes. The National Council of Resistance of Iran once again draws the attention of all member-states of the United Nations to the irrefutable evidence proving the massacre of thousands of political prisoners in Iran in 1988, an act that clearly fits into the definition of crimes against humanity. The NCR urges member-states to arrest and prosecute the leaders of the Iranian regime, who are responsible for this crime.

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VI

Eyewitnesses speak out

A collection of reports and accounts of the massacre by some of the few survivors

All we know for sure is when it began. The massacre of political prisoners in Iran began on Wednesday, July 31, 1988. By the time it finally ended in January 1989, the huge population of political prisoners throughout the country had been reduced to an insignificant number of survivors. Nobody really knows exactly how many political prisoners were executed in the massacre. Even the top officials who were responsible for carrying out Khomeinis fatwa to liquidate political prisoners do not possess accurate figures as to how many perished in the carnage. Khomeinis written orders to religious judges and revolutionary prosecutors across the country were explicit: Annihilate the enemies of Islam as quickly as you can. In the great haste to fulfill his command, Khomeinis henchmen often did not bother with details such as recording or reporting the exact number of executions, or even registering the identities of victims. Over a decade later, hitherto undisclosed information about the massacre of political prisoners in 1988 keeps popping up from Evin and Gohardasht prisons in Tehran to prisons in remote parts of the country. The survivors of the holocaust are few and, among them, some are still languishing in jails, while many have lost their mental balance. A former prisoner who spent 15 years in jail and witnessed the massacre said: It was autumn when they gathered the surviving prisoners from different prisons of Tehran in Evin. The massacre machine was grinding to a halt, but sporadic executions continued here or there. We were taken from Gohardasht prison to Evin.

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The prison population in Evin was so badly decimated in the massacre that by now we, the Gohardasht survivors, outnumbered the inmates in what had been, up to then, by far the countrys largest and most populated prison. We still could not grasp the depth of the catastrophe. Our most dominating feeling was one of shame and guilt for having stayed alive while so many had perished. When they finally allowed family visits to resume after several months of isolating prisoners from the outside world, we felt ashamed to face the visitors. By then news of the massacre had reached the outside world. Our families were overjoyed to see us alive, but we could feel the obvious question on their mind: why were we among the few survivors of the carnage? We tried to make this inferno more bearable by collecting the names of victims. We listed the names of 6,450 male inmates executed in Tehrans prisons alone. We had no knowledge of the number and names of executed women. But even as far as the executed male prisoners in Tehran were concerned, our list was incomplete. We learnt later of wards in Evin where all prisoners - down to the last man - had been executed, with not a single survivor to tell the story. We did not even know their names... We made an attempt to send the list outside through the family of an inmate, but it was discovered by the regime. The result of painstaking research and laborious efforts to compile a comprehensive list of victims was destroyed. Some months later, we received information from other parts of the country, from Shiraz, Mashad, Kermanshah, Sanandaj, Qom, Rasht, Babol, Sari, Ghaemshahr, Zahedan, and so on. In the majority of these cities, all political prisoners had been executed. In Tehran and in all other cities, thousand of ex-prisoners who had served their sentences and been released years before that, were re-arrested and taken directly to the amnesty committee [These committees, set up for the summary trial of prisoners, were nicknamed death committees by prisoners]... Those who were not prepared to condemn the Mojahedin were taken to the gallows directly... Paving the way Even before the public revelation that the massacre had taken place on Khomeinis direct orders, it became clear, through eyewitness accounts and other reports, that the carnage was a deliberate policy of the Iranian government, aimed at shoring up the clerical states loosening grip on power. Amnesty International stated in a report after the carnage that the massacre of political prisoners was a premeditated and coordinated policy which must have been authorized at the highest level of government. There are numerous indications that the policy to exterminate political prisoners had been in the pipelines for a long time. In March 1988, Massoud Moghbeli, a Mojahedin sympathizer, was taken from Evin to Komiteh Moshtarak prison in
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Tehran. There he was warned by prison authorities that we are going to settle scores with all of you in a bloody way. Tell your fellow inmates they had better make up their minds. Another ex-political prisoner, a witness to the massacre, says: There is no question that the carnage was planned well in advance. Long before it began, Lajevardi and Haj Davood, head of the Qezel Hessar prison, repeatedly told us that if they felt the regimes existence was seriously in jeopardy, they would not leave a single prisoner alive. We were told that they had put aside grenades to lob into every prison cell if the prison came under attack by Resistance forces. Another prisoner wrote: When it was announced that Khomeini had accepted the cease-fire with Iraq on July 18, 1988, and described it as drinking a chalice of poison, they took us with all our belongings to solitary cells. The trend of transferring prisoners to solitary cells was accelerated on July 24, a week before the massacre began. On July 25 or 26, a prison guard came to our cell and gave us a form to fill in. I was sharing the cell with Reza Shemirani and Amir Abdollahi, who were later executed during the massacre. The form asked ones name, surname, fathers name, political tendency, whether one had been re-arrested, and ones signature. In a highly unusual way, the guard did not utter a word and left us to fill in the forms. We wrote Mojahedin Organization as our tendency. When the guard returned, we were even more surprised as he asked us why we had not written the name of the organization in full. (Up to that time, if a prisoner mentioned the name of the Mojahedin, he or she would be severely tortured.) So we wrote Peoples Mojahedin Organization of Iran and handed him the completed forms. He smiled and walked out. An ex-political prisoner recalls the days preceding the launch of the massacre: The early signs of the regimes decision to liquidate political prisoners surfaced in the autumn of 1987, when prisoners were separated into two groups of Mojahedin and non-Mojahedin. In Gohardasht prison, those condemned to life imprisonment were transferred to Evin and the rest were divided into two groups of under- and over-ten-year terms. Families of some prisoners were told that the prisoners fate would be decided after June. Visits banned The most ominous sign that something was afoot came in mid-July, when all of a sudden family visits were banned. Families, anxious to hear about their loved ones fate in jails, were turned away from prison gates with no clear explanation. This total darkness continued for three months. Inside, guards spread the word that an amnesty committee had been formed, which would interview each prisoner in order to issue a general amnesty. Few believed the guards, but the move, coming in the wake of the ban on family visits, gave rise to
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much speculation among prisoners as to what the real intentions of the regime were. It did not take long for the truth to emerge. The death committee The amnesty committee began its work at Evin prison on Wednesday, July 27. The first series of prisoners taken to be interviewed by the committee were executed that same evening. Yet the majority of prisoners in the wards knew nothing of what was going on. Many inmates had been moved to solitary cells several days earlier, so that less people would get to know about the executions. But after a few groups of prisoners were processed by the amnesty committee, it became clear to prisoners that death and nothing else awaited them in that committee room. Prisoners immediately nicknamed it the death committee and the name stuck. The committee consisted of Jaafar Nayyeri, a mullah who headed Tehrans Court of First Instance, Morteza Eshraghi, the Tehran prosecutor general, and Mostafa Pourmohammadi, the representative of the Intelligence Ministry. Mohammad Moghissei, also known as Nasserian, governor of Gohardasht prison, and Mullah Hossein Mortazavi, governor of Evin prison, sat on the committee when it met in their prisons. Former prisoner, who has personally witnessed many of the executions, says: In the heat of the massacre, the governor of Gohardasht prison was heard screaming in the middle of the ward: We will no longer have prisoners. This is the Imams decree. If a prisoner maintains his positions, he will be executed. If he has recanted and abandoned political activity, then he will be freed. We are going to empty these prisons. The death committee would work three days in Evin, and then would move to Gohardasht and hold summary trials for the inmates there. A trial never lasted more than a few minutes. It resembled more an interrogation session, complete with torture, than a court hearing. The committee concentrated chiefly on Mojahedin prisoners, who made up more than 90 per cent of political prisoners. Then-Chief Justice Moussavi Ardebil said in an interview with the state radio on August 6, 1988: The judiciary is under tremendous pressure... People ask why we do not execute them, while they should all be executed. The judiciary is no longer going to take a lot of trouble taking files to and from courthouses. Another report states that the death committee spent the days July 30 and 31, and August 3, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 13 and 16 in Gohardasht prison. Members of the death committee or at least one of them would attend each series of executions to certify that the verdict had been carried out. After a ten-day lull, the committee resumed its work in Gohardasht on August 27. The price of staying alive
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When a prisoner was brought before the members of the death committee, he would invariably be asked this question: What is your political affiliation? Those who said Mojahedin would be told to leave; their names would be placed in the execution column, which would then be carried out within hours or a day. The ones who said Monafeqin [regimes derogatory term for the Mojahedin] would then face further questions: - Are you prepared to divulge and condemn the Monafeqin in a televised interview? - Are you prepared to fight the Monafeqin alongside the forces of the Islamic Republic? - Are you prepared to put the noose around the neck of an active member of the Monafeqin? - Are you prepared to clear minefields for the army of the Islamic Republic? A negative answer to any one of these questions would be sufficient to guarantee the execution of the prisoner. Supporters of the Mojahedin were the first to face the death committee. Other inmates received information on these trials through Morse messages. Similar death committees had been formed in all provinces to implement Khomeinis orders for the mass execution of all Mojahedin prisoners. The death committee in Evin On the afternoon of Wednesday, July 27, the first batch of prisoners were taken to the amnesty committee, as it was then called. They were there until 10 pm. These inmates were all taken from individual cells in the building called the Dormitory, and were all prisoners whose cases had not been decided to that date. All of them were executed the same evening. One of the prisoners reported that on the same day, during a transfer between the Dormitory and his ward, he ran into a non-political prisoner welding iron pipes, who warned him :Watch out, we are making several series of these hanging gallows each with 5 hanging ropes. As the death committee began its work, a state of emergency was declared in Evin prison. All telephone lines except a single line were cut off, so that Revolutionary Guards and prison officials could not contact anyone outside the prison. Interrogators, torturers and wardens were not permitted to leave the prison. An ex-prisoner says: I saw a guard who begged the prison governor for hours, telling him: My wife is dying, for Gods sake, let me leave for two hours and see what is going on, but the prison chief would not let him go. On the day the executions began, they shut the prison gate and declared a state of emergency. On August 14, 15 and 16, 860 bodies belonging to executed political prisoners
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were transferred from Evin prison to Beheshte Zahra cemetery in Tehran. Another prisoner writes that, as an example, from hall no. 6 of Evin prison where 104 prisoners were kept, only four people survived and 100 were executed. The death committee in Gohardasht The death committee began its work in Gohardasht prison on July 30. The first group were political prisoners from the city of Mashad who had been transferred to Gohardasht. They were all supporters of the Mojahedin and the death committee did not even spend the normal few minutes on their cases. A witness recalls the nightmare of those days: On Friday, July 29, guards raided our ward and searched the whole place and the prisoners. We learnt afterwards that they were looking for documents or anything which could be used to speed up mass executions. The next day, the death committee formally began its job and the guards began preparing the massacre. Group after group of prisoners were transferred to solitary cell . After a retrial that lasted no more than a few minutes, the death sentence would be issued and the prisoner would be executed the same day. The executions took part in the assembly hall called Hosseinieh. The ropes were suspended from the high ceiling. The prisoners, blindfolded and hands-tied, were led onto the stage in groups of 10 to 15. There the guards would place the noose around their necks. Nasserian, the prison governor, would then hang each one by kicking him from behind and throwing him off the stage. Members of the death committee attended the execution sessions. Another ex-prisoner, who personally witnessed some of the executions, recounts his sordid observations: In the killing hall, where people were hanged, Nasserian and his deputy Abbassi tried hard to execute as many as they could. In order to speed up the process, if they felt that an inmate hanging from the gallows was still alive, they would grab his feet and pull down his body with all their weight to finish him off. In several cases, when they lowered the body, they noticed that the victim was still alive, but Nasserian would say no problem and would order the guards to bring the next batch of prisoners on the stage; the victim would be taken to mass graves along with other corpses and buried alive. Reports from Gohardasht show that the few who survived the massacre did so in the most unlikely circumstances. Some prisoners condemned to death by the committee were saved by prison guards, who sent to the gallows prisoners they hated instead of them. More confusion resulted from the fact that prisoners were transferred from different prisons and moved to different wards in one prison. Due to this confusion, there were cases of mistaken executions. A prisoner writes: It was the turn of Massoud Daliri, a Mojahedin supporter, to appear before the death committee, but it coincided with the guards lunch break. They returned Massoud to the corridor
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and left for lunch. But when other guards lined up those whose trial had finished to take them to the gallows, Massoud was taken with them and was hanged in the execution hall. After their lunch break, the guards called out Massoud Daliris name to take him to the committee, only to find out that he had already been hanged. An ex-prisoner who witnessed the massacre writes: In Evin I met a man named Fathollah Pirkanaan, who came from a remote village in Gilan (northern Iran). He was imprisoned on grounds of sympathizing with the Mojahedin. He was pressured to condemn Mojahedins viewpoints, but he refused. They told him that all his fellow activists had been executed, and that he would soon join them. He did not believe them, until they took him to the basement of the infamous Ward 209, the main torture chamber of Evin, and removed his blindfolds. He was shocked by the large number of bodies of executed prisoners hanged there, so much so that for six months, he did not utter a word on this to anyone. The view from the Workshop Saeed Amirkhizi was arrested in 1986 because of his sisters activities and spent five years in prison. A paraplegic, he was able to deceive his interrogators and make them believe he was not politically oriented. Contrary to most prisoners, Saeed spent most of his time in Evin prisons workshop. This was where hand-picked prisoners could work outside their ward, and be exposed to information other inmates were unable to obtain. He writes: New arrests were on the rise as 1988 began, and the influx of new prisoners increased day by day. The important point was that many among the new detainees were ex-prisoners. After Nowrouz, the Iranian New Year, in March 1988, the authorities adopted a more Draconian approach to prisoners. Outdoor times were further limited and group exercises were prohibited. After accepting the cease-fire [in the Iran-Iraq war], the authorities brought in torturers like Ramezani, Abbas Khazai, Mossayeb,... all notorious for their brutality. Prisoners movement within the prison was severely restricted. They did not let newspapers in and television sets were removed from prison wards. The unbreakables and those who had not yet received a verdict were evacuated from Ward 2 and Ward 4 over a few days. Those staying in the wards, including myself, still knew nothing about the massacre that had begun. We had not been summoned by the committee. Afterwards, we heard that Mojtaba Halvai, an influential security officer and head torturer in Evin, had tried more than once to take those of us who were in the Workshop to the committee, but had failed because the committee was short of time. The executions took place in Ward 209. We learnt through a guard that had installed a multiple-galley beam at the visitors hall and were hanging people there.

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One day, as I was walking to the workshop, Ramezani rushed in a hurry and pushed everybody into the wards or the courtyard. I was standing behind a door, where I could hear a lot of people coming and going. I opened the door, but before Ramezani saw me and kicked the door shut, I was able to catch a glimpse of a group of haggard soldiers in rag-tag uniforms. Afterwards, we learnt that Iranian soldiers who had disobeyed orders to fight the National Liberation Army in its operation Eternal Light had been brought there and executed. Some of their families came to Evin to visit them, but they were insulted and turned away by the Revolutionary Guards. One of the Guards jeered them: These cowards surrendered themselves to women; they deserve to be executed... The intensity of the executions was so much that it actually affected the guards themselves. Even these cruel torturers, who had been tormenting and executing prisoners for years, were astonished by this level of cruelty and barbarity. Haj Amjad, a guard who used to quarrel with everybody and was famous for his short temper and brutality, became unbelievably quiet and introverted after the carnage. He became a chain smoker, always lost in deep thought. Another torturer named Mohammad Allahbakhshi was in a similar situation. The same fate beset many others, who in the past treated the prisoners harshly and brutally. The authorities never allowed such guards to stay in prisons for long and transferred them to other places. They even gave some of them a higher position in a bid to buy off their continuing loyalty. The spreading carnage One former prisoner talks in his testimony about the discussions he and his fellow prisoners had at the time about the extent of the executions: There were 26 prisoners in Section 6 of Gohardasht prison - each prison has several wards and each ward several sections. All 26 appeared before the death committee on the very first day the committee began its work in Gohardasht. All 26 were executed on that very day. Out of 25 inmates in Section 14, which also included some who had been brought there from Khorassan province, 15 prisoners were hanged. In my own section, there were 45 prisoners; 23 were executed. In Section 13, with 30 to 40 inmates, only six or seven survived the killings. In Ward 2 in Gohardasht, there were 200 prisoners when the massacre began; only 70 survived. In the first two days, 150 to 180 people were executed each day. O, history, remember was scrawled on every wall in Gohardasht by prisoners about to be executed. Another witness wrote: From a group of 150 political prisoners in a ward, only seven survived; 143 inmates were executed during the massacre.

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Eyewitnesses Speak Out

A massacre bordering on genocide An ex-prisoner recounts: The regime had decided to physically eliminate all political prisoners. We saw Jaafar Hashemian, along with 11 other Mojahedin prisoners, as they were being taken for execution. These inmates had been transferred from Mashad to Adelabad prison in Shiraz and then to Dizelabad in Kermanshah and in the end to Gohardasht prison in Karaj. Another prisoner, Hossein Farsi, recalls: Gholamreza Kiakojouri told me: I took back my word today. The day before, he had accepted the regimes conditions when questioned by the committee, thinking that this was part of a general amnesty. Realizing that there was no amnesty, he told the committee the next day that he was a supporter of the Peoples Mojahedin; a sure way of ending up on the gallows. Gholamreza was executed a few days later. A former woman prisoner writes: I had known a member of the Mojahedin named Zahra Khosravi for a year and a half only by exchanging Morse codes which we tapped on cell walls in Gohardasht. The day she was taken to the committee, I received this message from her: I am Zahra Khosravi. They have given me 20 minutes to write my will before they take me for execution. Another eyewitness notes: Majid Pour-Ramezan became a Mojahedin supporter in prison. The committee members told him his life would be spared if he did not identify himself as a Mojahedin sympathizer. But he refused to give in and told them: When I decided to become a supporter of the Mojahedin, I made up my mind to be with them in all the ups and downs, under torture and execution. His execution decree was signed on August 3, 1988. The same witness has written in another part of his testimony: Dariush Kaynejad was a Zoroastrian and supported the Mojahedin. He was arrested in 1984 and we were together until 1987, when he completed his prison term. But they did not release him, because he did not accept to appear in a television interview to condemn the Mojahedin. He was executed on August 3, 1988. Angel of death turns to non-Mojahedin At the end of August, the death committee, which had by then executed thousands of the Mojahedin, turned to other prisoners. The procedures followed practically the same course. Here is a short account of how six non-Mojahedin prisoners appeared before the death committee: The six were asked if they prayed or read the Quran. They replied that they did not. They were then asked whether their fathers had read the Quran. Four of them answered yes and two of them no. After some discussion between members of the committee, it was decided that those who had not been brought up in a religious family were not as guilty as those whose parents were
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religious, because the former group had not been brought up as believers. Consequently, the two men whose fathers had not prayed were spared, but the other four were executed. Another witness writes: The regime began dealing with other prisoners, but not with the same ferocity as it had done with Mojahedin prisoners. They were often asked about performing daily prayers. Those who did not pray were flogged. Marxists had to convert to Islam, but a number of them were executed anyway... An ex-prisoner writes: Towards the end of August, non-Mojahedin prisoners also found their way to solitary cells. The main question concerning these people was whether they were Muslim or atheist. They were not asked about their political viewpoints. If somebody said he was an atheist, they would ask him whether his father was also an atheist. If his father had been a Muslim, they would receive the death penalty for apostasy. But if their father had been an atheist, they would receive a lighter sentence. Those who told the committee that they were Muslims would be sent back to their cells and would be told to perform religious duties, and for every missed prayer, they would receive as many as 30 lashes a day. A large number refused to pray in the beginning, but when they saw that the officials were serious and had many of them flogged for not performing prayers, they grudgingly began to pray. The officials assembled all these prisoners in two wards, and assigned a guard as their prayer leader. All of them had to do common prayers with the guard.

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Eyewitnesses Speak Out

VII

Mass Graves
Discovery of scores of secret graves where the bodies of the victims of mass executions were buried

The 1988 massacre gave rise to the phenomenon of mass graves. Every day hundreds of people in Evin and more in Gohardasht and other prisons in Tehran and in prisons all over Iran were being executed. The regimes agents did not have the time to bury them one by one, so the only way was to bury them in mass graves. This method had been used occasionally in Tehran and other cities since 1981, but in 1988 it became a systematic procedure in the major cities. A witness recalls: The scale of the massacre was so vast that bodies of the executed were carried away on trucks to mass graves. I was able to see the truck from between metal window shades covered with a canvas sheet in order to hide the mess. Amnesty International recorded similar observations in its report: One woman described to AI how she had dug up the corpse of an executed man with her bare hands as she searched for her husbands body in Jadeh Khavaran cemetery in Tehran in August 1988 in a part of the cemetery colloquially known as Lanatabad,(the place of the damned), reserved for the bodies of executed political prisoners. The woman described the gruesome sight in her own words: Groups of bodies, some clothed, some in shrouds, had been buried in unmarked shallow graves in the section of the cemetery reserved for executed leftist political prisoners. The stench of the corpses was appalling but I started digging with my hands because it was

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important for me and my two little children that I locate my husbands grave. The Amnesty report added: She unearthed a body with its face covered in blood but when she cleaned it off she saw it was not her husband. Other relatives visiting the graveyard discovered her husbands grave some days latter. A member of a communist group, he had been arrested in early 1985, tortured over several months and convicted after a summary trial at which, as a result of his torture, he was barely conscious. He never learned what his sentence was. His wife had been turned away from Evin Prison on a regular visiting day in early August, and had then started her quest for information which led her to the unmarked grave. A report dated February 3, 1996, said that during excavation by Avand Construction Company in the Khavaran district of southern Tehran, a huge mass grave was discovered. This mass grave contained hundreds of bodies of prisoners executed in the summer of 1988. After the news spread, hundreds of people rushed to the scene, but police and security forces sealed off the district and dispersed the crowd by firing into the air. The next day a number of employees of the company were arrested on charges of spreading the news. In autumn 1988, officials would inform families of the execution of their loved ones. In some cases, prison authorities informed relatives when they went to the prison for routine visits with prisoners. This led to protests by the families who would gather outside the prison, so alternative methods were sought. It seems that the majority of relatives were informed by telephone that they should refer to Islamic Revolutionary komitehs [a branch of Revolutionary Guards acting like a paramilitary police force] to obtain information about their imprisoned relatives. There they would be told of the execution and they would be further asked to give a written commitment not to hold any funeral or remembrance services for the executed. Family members would not be told where their loved ones were buried, and even if they managed to find out, they would not be permitted to place a tombstone on the unmarked grave. An Amnesty Internationa report noted: An Iranian who left Iran in late 1988 told AI how his family had learned of the execution of his brother, Hossein. In November 1988 the family received a telephone call instructing the father to go to Evin Prison to receive information about Hossein. Hosseins father and wife went to the prison where they were told that Hossein had been executed because he was not repentant and had not been improved by his imprisonment . They were not informed where his body was, and were told that they should not hold any funeral ceremony. Hossein had been held in Gohardasht Prison in Karaj where he was serving a 15 year sentence for activities in support of the PMOI. Hossein had been arrested in 1981. His brother told AI that at that time Hossein had been involved in political activities for the PMOI: collecting money and distributing leaflets and newspapers. The mother of a 39-year-old woman executed in Evin Prison wrote to AI
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describing a similar experience. Her daughter had been arrested in 1982 when she was found in possession of leaflets produced by the PMOI. She had been tried by an Islamic Revolutionary Court but never informed of the sentence passed on her. For six years the mother had visited her daughter every two weeks. In early August 1988 her visits were stopped without explanation. In November 1988 she received a telephone call telling her to go to the Islamic Revolutionary komiteh near Beheshte Zahra cemetery, where she was informed of her daughters execution. She was instructed not to hold any mourning ceremony and was not informed where the body was buried. A former political prisoner says: In the month of Mehr (beginning September 23) family visits that had been suspended before the beginning of the massacre resumed. In the meeting hall, prison officials were keeping a watchful eye on the prisoners to make sure they would not inform their relatives of the massacre. But the families were already informed, and even tried to raise their spirits. Families managed to signal to the prisoners that relatives of the executed had gathered in front of Gohardasht Prison. But the regime had refused to inform them of the fate of their loved ones, and so the families began protesting. The families were told that their imprisoned relatives were executed because they wanted to stage an uprising in the prison and raise slogans against the Imam and Islam. Meanwhile, relatives, especially mothers, suffered a lot, and a number of them died of heart attacks. Others cursed the agents with hatred. Afraid of the spread of the protests, the regime acted quickly and dispersed the families. Another witness testifies: I was told by the mothers of the martyrs that when they came to Evin to ask about their children, they had decided between themselves that if they were told of their loved ones execution, they would not weep or mourn in front of the regimes agents. When a mother, on being told that her son had been executed, just said let us thank the Almighty, the agents became furious... The relatives of prisoners executed during this period began to gather regularly in Beheshte Zahra cemetery in Tehran on Fridays. The mother of a 42-year-old man, who had been arrested in 1983 and sentenced to 12 years imprisonment before being executed in Karaj prison, wrote to her daughter outside Iran about one of these gatherings: On Friday all the mothers along with family members got together and we went to the graveyard. What a day of mourning; it was like Ashura! [ a religious occasion of particular importance to Shia Muslims, commemorating the martyrdom of Prophet Mohammads grandson Hossein]. Mothers came with pictures of theirs sons; one had lost five sons and daughters-in-law. Finally, the Guards came and dispersed us. A former prisoner testifies: In December [1988] we were finally permitted to have a visit. It was a bewildering sight. Families came to visit us with such a high
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morale. I remember my father and my mother came to visit me. They had been sent several times from Gohardasht to Evin and back and finally in a desperate call at Gohardasht they were able to see me. My father looked me in the eyes when our interphone communication was established and asked why I was still smiling. I said what else could I do? He told me it was fine to be always smiling and cited a verse from the Quran and continued: Do you know what happened to Hassan (my brother)? I said yes. He said he was happy with what the Almighty had decided for him. I was surprised to see a father say this on the death of his son.

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Mass Graves

The mass graves listed on the following pages are located in different cities across the country. They have been located by local residents, eyewitnesses, former prisoners, families of victims, or from testimonies by former prison officials. 1 - Ahwaz, Khuzistan Province 2 - Amol, Mazandaran Province 3 - Arak, Central Province 4 - Bandar Anzali, Gilan Province 5 - Borazjan, Bushehr Province 6 - Gatchsaran, Kohkiluyeh Province 7 - Gonbad, Mazandaran Province 8 - Gorgan, Golestan Province 9 - Hamedan, Hamedan Province 10 - Isfahan, Isfahan Province 11 - Kerman, Kerman Province 12 - Kermanshah, Kermanshah Province 13 - Lahijan, Gilan Province 14 - Mashad, Khorassan Province 15 - Orumieh, West Azerbaijan Province 16 - Qazvin, Qazvin Province 17 - Saleh-Abad, Ilam Province 18 - Shiraz, Fars Province 19 - Tabriz, East Azerbaijan Province 20 - Tehran, Tehran Province 21 - Zahedan, Sistan & Baluchistan Province

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AHWAZ, KHUZISTAN PROVINCE I - Grave site Susangerd-Ahwaz highway., Past Afagh village, near Jihad cemetery. II- Number of victims Hundreds buried here. III- Date of burial August 1988 IV -Names of some of the victims 1 - Ehterami, Seyyed Mehdi 2- Fatemi, Seyyed Mohammad 3 - Firooz-Zadeh 4 - Hadi pour 5 - Hessami, Seifollah 6 - Kalakach, Massoud 7 - Kalantar, Ardeshir 8 - Kaabi, Jaber 9 - Makyandi, Bijan 10 - Moussapour, Bahman Susangerd Junction 11 - Rassulnejad, Saleh 12 - Shahin
To Susangerd

Afagh Village

4.5 KM
Jihad Cemetery Mass Grave

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Mass Graves

AHWAZ, KHUZISTAN PROVINCE I- Grave site This mass grave is on Kut Abdollah Rd., near Behesht Abad cemetery. II- Number of victims Hundreds buried here. III - Date of burial August 3, 1988 IV - Names of some of the victims 1- Abbasian, Behrooz 2 - Afri, Zahra 3 - Ahmadian Moghadass, Ahmad 4 - Akhlaghi, Zahra 5 - Bagheri, Mehrdad 6 - Bagheri, Parvin 7 - Bagheri, Zeinab 8 - Dehghanzadeh, Mahmoud 9 - Faridan-Esfahani, Sadeq 10 - Ghahremanj, Bijan 11 - Havaji-Nia, Farhang 12 - Kafi-Tehrani, Jaber 13 - Keykavoosi, Fereidoon 14 - Makvandi, Gholam Hossein 15 - Omidian, Mohammad Reza 16 - Salehi, Ali-Akbar 17 - Sharaf Assadi, Bahram 18 - Sharifi, Changiz

Behesht Abad Cemetery

Victims are buried here. (Cemented area)

Victims are buried here. (Cemented area)

2 KM

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Crime Against Humaity

AHWAZ, KHUZISTAN PROVINCE I - Grave site Near Chaharshir police station, Ramhormuz junction II - Number of victims Hundreds buried here. III- Date of burial August 3, 1988 IV - Names of some of the victims 1 - Afshar, Akbar 2 - Layegh, Shahpour 3 - Mohammad-Rezaii, Azim 4 - Rashidian, Gholam-Hossein

Victims are buried here. (Cemented area)

Ahwaz Chaharshir

Ramhormuz Junction Police Station

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Mass Graves

AMOL, MAZANDARAN PROVINCE I - Grave site Amol, Taleb Amoli St., next to Amol sports stadium. A 4-5 km stretch of dirt road, II- Number of victims Hundreds buried here. III- Date of burial October 1988 IV - Names of victims 1 - Afzali, Ismail 2 - Izadi, Mahmoud

To Amol City Center 17th of Shahrivar Sq.

80 0 m et er s

To Amol City Center

987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321 987654321

St ad iu m

Am ol Sp l Ta eb Am ol iS t.

or ts

To Mahmoud-Abad and Caspian coast

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Crime Against Humaity

ARAK, CENTRAL PROVINCE I - Grave site Most graves located on Arak-Boroujed Highway, 5 km outside Arak . II - Number of victims Dozens buried here. III- Date of burial: Unknown IV - Names of victims 1 - Dajgah, Jamshid 2 - Ms. Dajgah (Jamshids sister) 3 - Sharifi, Majid

BANDAR ANZALI, GILAN PROVINCE I- Grave site Kalvir public cemetery in Bandar Anzali. II- Number of victims A group of 20 and a group of 30 (possibly all women) are buried here. III- Date of burial August 1988 IV - Names of some of the victims 1- Abedi 2- Azad 3- Babri 4- Bagheri 5- Houshmand 6- Key Azad 7- Sami 8- Senjedian 9- Shahrebani, Reza 10- Shokoufeh 11- Yavari

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Mass Graves

BANDAR ANZALI, GILAN PROVINCE I - Grave site Ab-Kenar neighborhood, newly built prison. Mass grave is located in the middle of prison yard. II- Number of victims At least 16 victims from Ab-Kenar neighborhood. III- Date of burial: After the cease-fire in the Iran-Iraq war in Summer 1988.

BORAZJAN, BUSHEHR PROVINCE I - Grave site 2 km from Borazjan-Gonaveh highway., on the right side of the road, near a shrine. II - Number of victims Dozens buried here. III- Date of burial: August 1988 IV - Names of victims 1- Bahadori, from Kazeroon, Bekr vilIage.

GACHSARAN, KOHKILUYEH PROVINCE I - Grave site Gatchsaran cemetery II- Number of victims Dozens buried here. III- Date of burial 1981 & 1988 IV - Names of victims I - Barazandeh, Masoumeh 2 - Masihi, Parviz 3 - Taghavi, Moussa 4- Zamani, Farhad
Dept. of Education Housing

Taleghani Tech. School

Cemetery

Bonyad Shahid Housing

Mass Grave

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Crime Against Humaity

GONBAD, GOLESTAN PROVINCE I - Grave site Behind Imamzadeh zeid. 1 km out of city. II- Number of victims Dozens buried here III- Date of burial: 1982, 1989 IV - Names of victims 1 - Ajil-Lou 2 - Assadollahi, Reza GORGAN, GOLESTAN PROVINCE I- Grave site Behind Imamzadeh Abdollah, Bahais cemetery. II - Number of victims Hundreds buried here. III- Date of burial: October 1988 IV - Names of victims 1- Ankoob, Hassan 2- Dowlati, Ramezan 3- Ebrahim-Pour, AIi-Akbar 4- Mansourian, Nasser 5- Moradzadeh, Hossein 6- Rahim-Nejad, Tahmoures GORGAN, GOLESTAN PROVINCE I - Grave site Golestan forest II- Number of victims Dozens buried here. III- Date ofburial Unknown IV - Names of victims 1- Akbari 2- Feizollah 3- Kordi, Behzad 4- MaIIah

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Mass Graves

HAMEDAN, HAMEDAN PROVINCE I- Gravesite City cemetery, Malayer highway, Bagh-e-Behesht Zahra, on the right hand side of the highway, past war victims graves. II - Number of victims Hundreds buried here. III - Date of burial Citys Cemetery July 1988 War Victims Block IV - Names of victims Martyrs Graves 1 - Khorshid Vash, Abbas 2 - Rayhani, Ahmad Malayer Highway 3 - Sabouhi, Jalil V- Remarks The victims are buried on the western and northern ends of the cemetery. Most tomb stones are intact, with the date of execution written on them,

ISFAHAN, ISFAHAN PROVINCE I - Grave site Isfahan, Bagh-e Rezvan cemetery, Block 41 II - Number of victims More than 350 are buried here. III- Date of burial Aug-Sept 1988 IV - Names of victims 1- Ahmadi, Fariba 2- Ahmadi, Farahnaz 3- Ahmadi, Mohammad 4- Asgari, Siroos 5- Assadi, Nader 6- Moniri, Abdolnar

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ISFAHAN, ISFAHAN PROVINCE I - Grave site Isfahan, Bagh-e Rezvan cemetery, blocks 5, 7, 8 & 9 II- Number of victims Dozens buried here. III- Date of burial October 1988 IV - Names ofvictims 1- Abbasi, Abdolreza 2- Abbasi, Mehrdad 3- Forouzandeh, Saied 4- Gol-Mohammadi, Ezzatollah 5- Keivani, Iraj 6- Sheidaii, Mansour

KERMAN, KERMAN PROVINCE I - Grave site Road between Joupar and Kerman in Behesht-e Zahra cemetery known as Rah-Joupari Behesht-e Zahra. There are 14 graves on whose stones the year 1989 is marked. These are mass graves of political prisoners who were executed at this site during the night. Eight graves are in one row and six are in one column, perpendicular to one another. II - Number of victims Hundreds buried here. III- Date of burial March 1988 IV - Names of victims 1 - Kaffash-pour, Houshang (serving 5-year sentence), from Jiroft, 2 - Mirsardo, Lotfali (serving 5-year sentence), from Jiroft, 3 - Kamrani, Houshang (serving 30-year sentence), from Jiroft, 4 - Akbari, Mahmoud (serving 7-year sentence), from Jiroft, 5 - Ghanbari, Houshang (serving 5-year sentence), from Jiroft, 6 - Babaji, Alireza (serving 16-year sentence), 7 - Massoudi-far Alireza (serving 15-year sentence), from Bam,

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Mass Graves

8 - Taj Gardan, Mahmoud (serving 6-year sentence), from Kerman, 9 - Farokh-Manesh, Mahmoud (serving 10-year sentence), from Babakm 10 - Mohammadi, Panahandeh (serving 5-year sentence), from Kerman, 11 - Bakhshaii, Mahmoud (serving 10-year sentence). Two of his brothers, one in Tehran and the other in Mashad were executed in 1981. He was from Babak and his sister is a secondary school teacher in Sirjan, 12 - Morshedi, Mohammad Ali (serving 7-year sentence) from Babak. 13 - Mohammad-Zadeh, Mohsen, 18 years old, (serving 5-year sentence). He was imprisoned in 1984 and his brother, Mohammad Reza MohammadZadeh, was executed in 1981 in Kerman at the age of 16. Her sister, serving a 10-year term was executed in Evin in March 1989, after six yenrs of captivity, 14 - Roudari Geram (serving 15-year term), imprisoned for seven years,

KERMANSHAH,

KERMANSHAH PROVINCE

I - Grave site Bagh-e Ferdows, Silo St., near childrens graves, west of the citys cemetery. The regime has named it Lanat Abad (The place of the damned), II- Number of victims Dozens buried here. III- Date of burial November 1988, January 1989 IV - Names of victims 1 - Kashanian, Kiomars 2 - Kashanian, Parichehr 3 - Dowlatshahi, Victoria 4 - Amiri, Nasrin V - Remarks Graves have no names Mass Graves or identifications. The families have Main marked them with Azadi Sq. Cemetery different objects.
To Bagh-e Ferdows Farmanfarma Traffic Dept. Amir Abad Jalili St.

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Crime Against Humaity

LAHIJAN, GILAN PROVINCE I- Grave site Lahijan, West Kashef St., Karvansarabar neighborhood, Agha Seyyed Morteza cemetery. II- Number of victims Hundreds buried here. III- Date of burial August 1988 IV - Names of victims 1- Assadi, Hojjat 2- Bahr Kazemi, Nosrat 3- Bavar, Ali 4- Bijan, Mehrdad 5- Hassan Zadeh, Ghassem 6- Hojrati, Zaman 7- Jalili, Bahram 8- Jameji, Alireza 9- Kargar Shoaii-Roui, Reza (Fereidoon) 10- Karimi, Hassan 11- Latifi, Hojjat 12- Mehdi-Zadeh, Majid 13- Mehdipour, Mohammad 14- Mirzaii, Parviz 15- Moussapour, Hossein 16- Rahbar Khah, Yahya 17- Ramezanpour, Hamid Reza 18- Samizadegan, Mohammad 19- Sedaghat, Sajed 20- Tabesh, Hassan 21- Zamani, Geda-Ali V- Remarks There are three mass graves, 2 by 10 meters in size, which have been covered with concrete.

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MASHAD,

KHORASSAN PROVINCE

I- Grave site Lanat Abad, Asgharieh Rd., Past Hashem Abad II- Number of victims Hundreds buried here. III- Date of burial Unknown

ORUMIEH, WEST AZERBAIJAN PROViNCE I- Grave site Radio & TV Ave., citys cemetery, opposite the Radio & TV building. II- Number of victims Hundreds buried here. III- Date of burial July & October 1988 IV - Names of victims 1 - Gholami, Parvin 2- Khalil-Zadeh, Davoud 3- Nour, Narges 4- Saljooghi, Rasoul 5 - Shakeri, Bahman

Mass Graves Radio & TV Building

Citys Cemetery

To Salmas Highway

Radio & TV St.

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Crime Against Humaity

SALEH-ABAD, ILAM PROVINCE I - Grave site When entering the Imamzadeh (shrine), left-hand side on top of the hill, 500700 meters. II- Number of victims Hundreds buried here. III- Date of burial Mostly in Aug.-Sept. 1988 IV - Names of victims 1- Dabeshlim, Nader 14- Kiaii, Jalal 2- Dadvand, Mohammad 15- Lahafati, Ali Ashraf 3- Dr. Shafiee, Shahsavar 16- Morovvati, Mohammad Nabi 4- Ebrahimi, Hamed 17- Naderi, Ebadollah 5- Eslami, Fariba 18- Nemati, Moussa 6- Fahimian, Faisal 19- Pour-Norooz, Behzad 7- Fassihi, Jalil 20- Pour-Norooz, Siroos 8- Fatollahi, Attaollah 21- Rahmati, Marzieh 9- Fatollahi, Hojjat 22- Rajabi, Nasrin 10- Ghambari, Faraj 23- Rashidi, Ali 11- Ghanbari, Mohammad 24- Rizehvandi, Maliheh 12- Hatami, Nouroddin 25- Siah Bidi, Amir 13- Karim-Beigi, Hedayat 26- Sima-Nejad, Mehryar

Mass Graves

To Mehran

Citys Cemetery

Imamzadeh Ali-Saleh Dome

Government Housing complex. Gathering point of GC & Army Battalion. Qazvin 16th Armored Division & the Bassij

To Ilam

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Mass Graves

SHIRAZ, FARS PROVINCE I - Grave site Dar-ol-Rahma cemetery, block 38. II- Number of victims About 1,000 victims are buried here. III- Remarks The grave site a dirt area. Top of the graves have been cemented. In one case, where the regime has dug a large area for mass graves, the cement is one large block.
Martyrs Cemetery Block 38 Mass Grave

Water storage tank

Sids St.

Sheikh Ali Choupan BLVD.

Mass Grave

Secret Grave

New Graves

TABRIZ, EAST AZERBAIJAN PROVINCE I- Grave site Tabriz, Rah Ahan St., Vadi-Rabmat cemetery and the cemetery behind Tabriz expressway. II- Number of victims Hundreds buried here. III- Date of burial October 1988 IV- Names of victims 1- Assiaban, Khosrow 2- Badri, Nasser 3- Jalil-Zadeh, Jahangir 4- Moezzi, Hassan V- Remarks Certain sections in Tabriz cemetery have been named by the regime as Lanat Shodeh (damned) and Nefrin Shodeh. The regime covered the graves with dirt, but the families have put some tomb stones which the Guards have since broken.

65432 654321 654321 54321 654321 6 1

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TEHRAN, TEHRAN PROVINCE I- Grave site Tehran, Behesht-e Zahra cemetery, block 93 or 103. II- Number of victims Dozens buried here. III- Date of burial 1988 IV - Remarks On Thursdays, families visit the site and pour perfume on it.

TEHRAN, TEHRAN PROVINCE I- Grave site Tehran, Khavaran St., Aramaneh (Armenian) cemetery. The entire area consists of mass graves. II- Number of victims At least 7 victims identified (from among 860 executed in two days) III- Date of burial August 1988 IV - Names of victims 1 - Azarmanesh, Safdar 2- Bijani, Akbar 3- Gordan brothers 4- Haj Asgari-rood family 5 - Khaksar, Abbas 6- Nouri, Jalal 7 - Zabih ZAHEDAN, SISTAN AND BALUCHISTAN PROVINCE I- Grave site Zahedan cemetery, Beheshte Mostafa St., Garage St. II- Number of victims Hundreds buried here. III- Date of burial November 1988 IV - Names of victims 1- Arab, Majid 2- Bahrami, Maliheh 3 - Doniavi, Khodam-Rasoul
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VIII

A Shocked World Watches in Disbelief

The following are examples of reports and resolutions by the United Nations and NGOs on the massacre of political prisoners in 1988.

A report by Amnesty International

IRAN
VIOLATIONS OF HUMAN RIGHTS 1987 - 1990
1.2.1 The Massacre of 1988

In mid-1988 the pattern of political executions changed dramatically from piecemeal

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reports of executions to a massive wave of killings which took place over several months. Even now, two years after these events, it is still not clear how many people died during the six-month period from July 1988 to January 1989. Amnesty International has recorded the names of over 2,000 political prisoners reportedly executed during this period. Iranian opposition groups, such as the PMOI, have suggested that the total was much higher. Speaking on French television in February 1989, Hojatoleslam Rafsanjani is reported to have said that the number of political prisoners executed in the past few months was less than 1,000 (Iran Yearbook 89/ 90). Since these events took place, Amnesty International has interviewed dozens of relatives of execution victims, and a number of former political prisoners who were in prison at the time when the mass killngs were taking place. It has received written information from many Iranians who believe that their friends or relatives were among the victims. These accounts, taken together with statements by Iranian Government personalities, have convinced Amnesty International that during this six-month period the biggest wave of political executions since the early 1980s took place in Iranian prisons. Two important political events preceded the executions, On 18 July 1988 Ayatollah Khomeini announced his intention to accept UN Security Council Resolution 598 instituting a ceasefire in the Gulf War between Iran and Iraq. A few days later, the National Liberation Army, a military force formed by the Iraq-based opposition group, the PM0I, staged an armed incursion into western Iran which was repulsed by the Iranian army. It has been suggested to Amnesty International by former prisoners that both these events may have influenced the governments decision to carry out these executions at this time. The ceasefire in the Gulf War meant that international attention was focused on international developments and not on the situation of political prisoners in Iran. The armed incursion by a PM0I force at a time when the Iranian Government had signalled its intention to cease fighting in the Gulf War gave the authorities a motive to take reprisals against prisoners associated with the PMOI who had been held in prisons around the country, often for several years. Former prisoners have also said that political prisoners were warned by their captors that when the war was over they would be dealt with. President Khamenei spoke in December 1988 of the decision taken by the Iranian authorities to execute those who have links from inside prison with the hypocrites [PMOI] who mounted an armed attack inside the territory of the Islamic Republic. An open letter to Amnesty International from the Permanent Mission of the Islamic Republic of Iran to the UN in New York stated: Indeed, authorities of the Islamic Republic of Iran have always denied the
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existence of any political executions, but that does not contradict other subsequent statements which have confirmed that spies and terrorists have been executed. (UN document A/44/153, 28 February 1989) The political executions took place in many prisons in all parts of Iran~ often far from where the armed incursion took place. Most of the executions were of political prisoners, including an unknown number of prisoners of conscience, who had already served a number of years in prison. They could have played no part in the armed incursion, and they were in no position to take part in spying or terrorist activities. Many of the dead had been tried and sentenced to prison terms during the early 1980s, many for non-violent offences such as distributing newspapers and leaflets, taking part in demonstrations or collecting funds for prisoners families. Many of the dead had been students in their teens or early twenties at the time of their arrest. The maiority of those killed were supporters of the PMOI, but hundreds of members and supporters of other political groups~ including various factions of the PFOI, the Tudeh Party, the KDPI, Rah-e Kargar and others, were also among the execution victims. The first sign that something was happening in the prisons came in July 1988 when family visits to political prisoners were suspended. This was the beginning of months of uncertainty and anguish for prisoners relatives as rumours began to spread that mass executions of political prisoners were taking place. No news of the political prisoners was heard for about three months. Relatives would go to prisons on regular visiting days only to be turned away by prison guards. Some brought clothing, medicines or money to the prisons hoping to get a signed receipt from their imprisoned relatives as an indication that they were still alive. Reports circulated among prisoners relatives that execution victims were being buried in mass graves. Distraught family members searched the cemeteries for signs of newly dug graves which might contain their relatives bodies. One woman described to Amnesty International how she had dug up the corpse of an executed man with her bare hands as she searched for her husbands body in Jadeh Khavaran cemetery in Tehran in August 1988 in a part of the cemetery known colloquially as Lanatabad, (the place of the damned), reserved for the bodies of executed political prisoners. Groups of bodies, some clothed, some in shrouds, had been buried in unmarked shallow graves in the section of the cemetery reserved for executed leftist political prisoners. The stench of the corpses was appalling but I started digging with my hands because it was important for me and my two little children that I locate my husbands grave. She unearthed a body with its face covered in blood but when she cleaned it off she saw that it was not her husband. Other relatives visiting the graveyard discovered
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her husbands grave some days later. A member of a communist group, he had been arrested in early 1985, tortured over several months and convicted after a summary trial at which, as a result of his torture, he was barely conscious. He never learned what his sentence was. His wife had been turned away from Evin Prison on a regular visiting day in early August, and had then started her quest for information which led her to the unmarked grave. In October and November 1988 the authorities began to inform families of the execution of their relatives. In a few cases prison officials informed relatives of the execution when they went to the prison for a normal family visit. This led to protests by prisoners relatives who gathered outside prisons, so other methods were devised. The majority of relatives appear to have been informed by telephone that they should go to an Islamic Revolutionary Committee office to receive news about their imprisoned relatives. There they were informed of the execution and required to sign undertakings that they would not hold a funeral or any other mourning ceremony. Family members were not informed where their relatives were buried, and even if they managed to find out they were not permitted to erect a gravestone. An Iranian who left Iran in late 1988 told Amnesty International how his family had learned of the execution of his brother, Hossein. In November 1988 the family received a telephone call instructing the father to go to Evin Prison to receive information about Hossein. Hosseins father and wife went to the prison where they were told that Hossein had been executed because he was not repentant and had not been improved by his imprisonment. They were not informed where his body was, and were told that they should not hold any funeral ceremony. Hossein had been held in Gohardasht Prison in Karaj where he was serving a 15year sentence for activities in support of the PMOI. Hossein had been arrested in 1981. His brother told Amnesty International that at that time Hossein had been involved in political activities for the PMOI: collecting money and distributing leaflets and newspapers. His brother is convinced that Hossein was not involved in violent activities. The mother of a 39-year-old woman executed in Evin Prison wrote to Amnesty International describing a similar experience. Her daughter had been arrested in 1982 when she had been found in possession of leaflets produced by the PMOI. She had been tried by an Islamic Revolutionary Court but never informed of the sentence passed on her. For six years the mother had visited her daughter every two weeks. In early August 1988 her visits were stopped without explanation. In November 1988 she received a telephone call telling her to go to the Islamic Revolutionary Committee office near Beheshteh Zahra cemetery, where she was informed of her daughters execution. She was instructed not to hold any mourning ceremony and was not informed where the body was buried.
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Relatives of prisoners executed in Orumieh Prison in Iranian Kurdistan have described to Amnesty International a form they had to sign when they were summoned to the prison to collect their relatives belongings. They were told where their relatives were buried, but the authorities had made sure that the 40-day mourning period had elapsed before telling the families about the executions. The form was an undertaking that they would not hold any form of funeral ceremony or erect any memorial on the graves. Amnesty International has received accounts of similar events in many different prisons in all parts of Iran: in Rasht, Sanandaj, Mashhad, Isfahan and elsewhere. This suggests to Amnesty International that the massacre of political prisoners was a premeditated and coordinated policy which must have been authorized at the highest level of government. The relatives of prisoners executed during this period have taken to gathering in Beheshteh Zahra cemetery in Tehran on Fridays to commemorate their dead family members. The mother of a 42-year-old man who had been arrested in 1983 and sentenced to 12 years imprisonment before being executed in Karaj Prison, wrote to her daughter outside Iran about one of these gatherings: On Friday all the mothers along with family members got together and we went to the graveyard. What a day of mourning, it was like Ashura! [A religious festival of particular importance to Shia Muslims, commemorating the martyrdom of the Prophet Muhammads grandson Hossein.] Mothers came with pictures of their sons; one has lost five sons and daughtersin-law. Finally the Committee came and dispersed us. This gathering of bereaved relatives has reportedly become a regular weekly event in the section of Beheshteh Zahra where political opponents to the government are buried. According to reports from relatives of executed prisoners in Iran, the makeshift monuments erected by the families, which consisted of a few stones and flowers, were removed by the authorities prior to the visit to Tehran by the UN Special Representative on Iran in January 1990. This was apparently an attempt to remove visible evidence of the mass killings from the sight of any possible inspection of the cemetery by the Special Representative. Amnesty International has also collected accounts of the mass killings as they were witnessed by political prisoners who were in prison at that time. A former prisoner in Dastgerd Prison in Isfahan said that almost every day between August and December 1988 prison guards came to his section of the prison and read out a list of up to 10 names. These people were then taken out of the cell, which generally housed between 150 and 300 people, and never seen again. The prisoners did not know what was happening to those taken away, but the guards said that they were to be executed. Later, prisoners were transferred to Dastgerd Prison from other prisons
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and news of similar events in these prisons spread among the inmates in Dastgerd. Prisoners in Gohardasht Prison in Karaj appear to have had a much clearer picture of the events which were taking place. Former prisoners have described to Amnesty International how a commission made up of representatives from the Islamic Revolutionary Courts, the Revolutionary Prosecutors Office and the Ministry of Intelligence began to subject all political prisoners to a form of retrial in July 1988. These retrials bore little resemblance to judicial proceedings aimed at establishing the guilt or innocence of a defendant with regard to a recognized criminal offence under the law. Instead, they appear to have been formalized interrogation sessions designed to discover the political views of the prisoner in order that prisoners who did not repent should be executed the punishment of all those who continued to oppose the government. In Gohardasht Prison those detained for their alleged support for the PMOI were reportedly the first to go before the commission. Other prisoners received information about the trials from PMOI prisoners by way of messages tapped on walls in Morse code from room to room inside the prison. According to one prisoner held there at that time, the first question asked by the commission was: What is your political affiliation? Those who answered Mojahedin were sent to their deaths. The correct answer was monafegin (hypocrites). Those prisoners who survived this first phase of interrogation were then subjected to a second series of questions. These included questions such as: - Are you willing to give an interview on television to condemn and expose the monafegin? - Are you willing to fight with the forces of the Islamic Republic against the monafegin? - Are you willing to put a noose around the neck of an active member of the monafegin? - Are you willing to clear the minefields for the army of the Islamic Republic? The majority of prisoners were reportedly unwilling to give the desired responses and were consequently sent for execution. Some 200 out of 300 PMOI prisoners in Sections 3 and 4 of Gohardasht Prison were killed following this type of interrogation. The interrogations were reportedly conducted in such a way as to trick prisoners into making statements revealing their opposition to the government. The prisoners named the interrogators the Death Commission. It came to Gohardasht Prison three times a week, arriving by helicopter. The same commission was also reportedly at work in Evin Prison. At the end of August 1988 the Death Commission turned its attention to the prisoners from leftist groups held in Gohardasht Prison. These included supporters
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of the Tudeh Party, various factions of the PFOI, and others. The interrogations followed a similar pattern, with prisoners being asked if they were prepared to make public statements criticizing the political organization with which they had been associated. The leftist prisoners were also asked about their religious faith. They were asked such questions as: Do you pray? Do you read the Quran? Did your father read the Quran? One eye-witness of an interrogation in C~ohardasht Prison described how he was taken before the Death Commission with five other prisoners. The six were asked if they prayed or read the Quran: they replied that they did not. They were then asked whether their fathers had read the Quran. Four of them answered yes and two of them no After some discussion between members of the commission, it was decided that those who had not been brought up in a religious family were not as guilty as those whose parents were religious, because the former group had not been brought up as believers. Consequently, the two men whose fathers had not prayed were spared, but the four others were executed. According to another eye-witness account of this period in Gohardasht Prison, the decisions about which prisoners were to be executed and which spared were arbitrary in the extreme. Some prisoners who had been sentenced to death by the commission were spared because prison guards sent prisoners whom they disliked to be executed in their place. There was also a great deal of confusion as prisoners were transferred from different prisons~ and from section to section within the prison. As a result of such confusion prisoners were sometimes executed by mistake. The same eye-witness estimates that out of 900 PMOI and 600 leftist prisoners in Gohardasht Prison at the beginning of the summer of 1988, 600 PMOI prisoners and 200 leftist prisoners were executed. In Evin Prison, where the execution of prisoners was going on simultaneously, the proportion of executions carried out from the total population of political prisoners was much higher. One reason suggested for this is that in Evin there was no way for prisoners to communicate with each other, so they were unable to prepare answers to questions put to them by the Death Commission as prisoners in Gohardasht had done. A similar pattern of purposeful mass killing of political opponents, beginning with the PMOI but encompassing alleged supporters of other opposition groups, took place in dozens of other prisons around the country in the second half of 1988. Among others, Amnesty International has received reports of hundreds of executions of prisoners from Kurdish opposition groups in Orumieh Prison, and of 50 being executed in Sanandaj. Ayatollah Montazeris letters to Ayatollah Khomeini in July 1988 reportedly criticized many of the aspects of the mass executions identified by former prisoners.

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Ayatollah Montazeri commented on the arbitrary way in which life and death decisions were taken: He [Ayatollah Montazeri] cited the case of a provincial mullah who had complained that a prisoner who had fully recanted was executed anyway. The prisoner, who was not named, said in response to the tribunal questions that he was ready to publicly condemn his past opposition, and to go to, the Gulf War front as well. But when he refused to declare his readiness to go to the minefields, the tribunal decided he had not truly changed and had him executed. (Reuters, 29 March 1989) In a later letter, dated 15 August 1988, Ayatollah Montazeri is reported to have demanded of the Minister of Intelligence, the Prosecutor General and the Chief Justice: On what criteria are you now executing people who have not been sentenced to death?(Reuters, 29 March 1989) Ayatollah Montazeris letters show that there was awareness at the highest level of the government that thousands of summary executions were taking place without regard to constitutional and judicial procedures. The authorities were therefore either unable to prevent these mass killings from taking place, or they did not wish to do so. The mass killing of political prisoners appears to have stopped at the beginning of 1989, when several hundred repentant political prisoners were included in amnesties to mark the 10th anniversary of the Islamic Republics foundation in February 1979. Those who were released had to sign statements denouncing their earlier political activities. They were further obliged to pledge large sums of money, or in some cases the deeds of the family house, against their future good conduct and non-involvement in opposition politics. The amnesty brought to an end a period of six to eight months which saw a massive reduction in the numbers of political prisoners in Iran through executions. Since February 1989 sporadic reports of executions of the governments political opponents in Iran have been received by Amnesty International. Some of these executions have taken place in public. For example, in March 1989 Mohammad and Saeed Khan Naroui were hanged from a crane in Abbas Ali Square in Gorgan. They had been imprisoned since 1984 for inciting the people to revolt. On 28 March 1990 the execution of two men described as bandits was announced by the Islamic Republic News Agency. Abbas Raisi and Ahmad Jangi Razhi were found guilty by the Islamic Revolutionary Court in Zahedan of collaborating with bandits and counter-revolutionaries in the Baluchistan area ( BBC Summary of World Broadcasts, 30 March 1990) Secret executions of political prisoners have also been reported. Following the assassination in July 1989 of the leader of the KDPI, Abdul Rahman Ghassemlou, in circumstances which suggest the involvement of the Iranian Government, resistance
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to the government, including armed opposition, is reported to have been stepped up in Iranian Kurdistan. The authorities are reported to have responded by executing Kurdish prisoners in Sanandaj and Orumieh Prisons. Executions of Kurdish opponents to the government have continued in 1990. Other political prisoners are reported to have been executed ostensibly as common criminals; they were among the hundreds of drug-traffickers and other convicted criminals executed in public in 1989 and 1990 For example, it was announced that 79 drug-traffickers were executed in different cities on 17 August 1g89. Among them were Mohammad Younesi, executed in Hamadan; Mohammad Gholi Ebrahimi, executed in Rasht; Bijan Biglari, executed in Kermanshah (Bakhtaran); and Bahram Kazemi and Massoud Sabet, executed in Shiraz. All these were reportedly political prisoners. Amnesty International has received no response to its requests for information from the Iranian authorities about the offences of which these prisoners were convicted.

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Excerpts from the Resolution passed by the UN Commission on Human Rights in 1989:

... Expresses its grave concern at the reports of a wave of summary executions in the period from July to December 1988, as reported also by the Special Rapporteur on summary or arbitrary executions...

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Excerpts from the report by the Special Rapporteur on Arbitrary Executions to the Fifty-fifth session of the United Nations Human Rights Commission:

E/CN. 4/1989/25 page 28

Iran (Islamic Republic of) 142. Cables were sent to the Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran on 26 August, 14 September, 11 and 15 November, 1, 8, 9, 20 and 23 December 1988 concerning allegations that since July 1988 a large number of prisoners, said to be members or supporters of groups or organizations opposing the Government, had been executed and several others were facing imminent execution in various parts of the country. According to information received, a number of prisoners had their sentences of imprisonment changed to the death sentence or were executed even though their terms of imprisonment had been completed. The Special Rapporteur, mentioning a total of some 150 cases of prisoners whose names had been received, appealed to the Government on purely humanitarian grounds to ensure that the right

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to life of those persons was protected and requested information on the aforementioned cases. 143. On 13 January 1989, a cable was sent concerning 302 persons who might be facing imminent execution. According to the information, these persons, as in the cases communicated to the Government by the previous cables, had already served or were currently serving sentences of imprisonment. It was alleged that many of the persons in question were tortured and deprived of visits from their families. 144. In view of persistent reports received that several thousand persons had been executed without trial or with a trial of a summary nature, the Special Rapporteur appealed to the Government to ensure that the right to life of the above-mentioned persons was protected as provided for in the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. He also requested information on the above-mentioned cases as well as any information on the fate of the persons mentioned in his previous cables, as follows: cable of 26 August concerning 12 persons, cable of 1 November concerning Ali- Akbar Shalgoolney and Adel Talebi, cable of 11 November concerning Fereidoun Faroughi, cable of 15 November concerning 24 persons, cable of 1 December concerning 55 persons, cable of 8 December concerning Soraya Ali-Mohammadi, cable of 9 December concerning Monireh Rajavi, cable of 20 December concerning 21 persons and cable of 23 December 1988 concerning 43 persons. 145. On the same day, the list of 302 persons was communicated to the Permanent Mission of the Islamic Republic of Iran to the United Nations Office at Geneva. 146. On 9 November 1988, a letter was sent to the Government transmitting the allegation that, since July 1988, a large number of prisoners had been executed in various parts of the country, without trial or with a trial of a summary nature. The victims allegedly included members and supporters of organizations and groups opposing the

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Government, and also Kurdish prisoners. The Special Rapporteur described by way of example the following allegations: (a) On 10 July 1988, 10 persons accused of being counterrevolutionaries and Iraqi spies were executed, (b) On 20 July 1988 about 20 persons belonging to political opposition groups were executed in Evin Prison. The victims included three members of the Tudeh Party and a member of the Peoples Fedaiyan Organization of Iran (majority). (c) Alleged collaborators with the members of the peoples Mojahedin Organization of Iran (PMOI) were publicly executed in Kangavar, Bakhtaran and Islamabad-e-Gharb. According to the official account, 15 PMOI supporters were executed on about 5 August 1988. They included seven persons executed on 1 August 1988 in Bakhtaran and one person on 3 August 1988 in Ilam; (d) On 28 July 1988, 200 prisoners said to be PMOI sympathizers, were executed in Evin Prison. In Mashad, 50 other PMOI sympathizers were executed; (e) On 14, 15 and 16 August 1988, 860 corpses were transferred from Evin Prison to the Behecht Zahra cemetery; (f) It was further alleged that on the night of 15/16 May 1988 a large number of Iraqi prisoners of war were found killed, their feet bound with ropes, in the Mawat region in northern Iraq. 147. The Special Rapporteur requested information on the alleged occurrence of summary or arbitrary executions and in particular the legal proceedings following which the alleged executions might have been carried out. 148. At the time of preparation of the present report, no reply had been received from the Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Excerpts from the Report by the Special Representative of the United Nations Human Rights Commission to the Commissions 1989 session (UN Document E/CN. 4/1989/26)

2. Written information (a) Information regarding the right to life

15. The information received by the Special Representative since the preparation of his interim report to the General Assembly contained in particular alleged violations of the right to life. In his interim report (paras. 47-49) the Special Representative referred to information he received in September 1988 alleging that a large number of prisoners, members of various opposition groups, had been executed during the months of July, August and September 1988. Since that date, the Special Representative has continued receiving persistent reports about a wave of executions of political prisoners. These reports were made available by various sources, including non-governmental organizations in consultative status with the Economic and Social Council and other bodies directly concerned by the alleged wave of

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executions. In addition, the Special Representative received hundreds of petitions and letters from private individuals around the world, including members of parliament from Australia, France, Germany, Ireland, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, as well as members of the European Parliament from several countries, and trade-union and church officials, expressing deep concern at the alleged wave of executions and calling for United Nations intervention to bring such executions to a halt. 16. The precise number of alleged victims of the recent wave of executions has not been reported. The Special Representative has received more than 1,000 names (see annex), but it was alleged that there were in all probability several thousand victims. In that connection, the Special Representative was informed that the Special Rapporteur on summary or arbitrary executions had, during the period from July to December 1988, transmitted to the Iranian Government allegations regarding the summary or arbitrary execution of several hundred persons, and sent urgent appeals regarding approximately 150 persons said to be facing an imminent danger of execution. 17. Most of the alleged victims were said to be members or supporters of the Peoples Mojahedin Organization of Iran, but members of other opposition groups, such as the Tudeh Party, the Peoples Fedaiyan Organization, Rahe Kargar and the Komala Organization in Iranian Kurdistan, as well as at least 11 mollahs, were also said to be among the alleged victims. Many of the people said to have been executed had been serving prison terms for several years, while others were former prisoners who were rearrested and then executed. It would therefore seem unlikely that these persons could have taken part in violent activities against the Government, such as participation in the NLA incursion into the western part of the Islamic Republic of Iran in July 1988. Among those said to have been executed were several women and, in some cases, several members of the same family. It was alleged that many of those who had been serving prison sentences had had their sentences changed to the death penalty, in contravention of article 14, paragraph 7, of the International Covenant

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on Civil and Political Rights to which the Islamic Republic of Iran is a party. Many of the executions were said to have been carried out in secret while others were reported to have occurred publicly, by hanging or firing-squads. 18. Statements by several high-ranking officials were published by the Iranian news media to the effect that members of opposition groups should be dealt with severely, but there was no official acknowledgement of the wave of executions. Nevertheless, reports have been received acccording to which people witnessed large numbers of bodies being buried in shallow graves in the area of Behesht-e-Zahra cemetery in Tehran, where political prisoners are usually buried, and in other parts of the country.

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IX

A List of Victims
Hitherto unpublished list of names and particulars of 3,208 victims of the massacre

The following pages contain the names and particulars of over 3,200 political prisoners who were executed during the massacre of 1988. The photographs of more than 200 of the victims also appear on these pages. The list represents only about 10 percent of the total number of victims, but the task of collection of information on the executed prisoners has been excruciatingly difficult and fraught with danger. For the sake of the safety of many of the sources of the information regarding the list, we are unable to reveal the details of how the information has been collected, processed, double-checked and finalized. Suffice it to mention that several prisoners and other Mojahedin activists in Iran have lost their lives while working on this project. The clerical authorities went to amazing lengths to prevent any leak to the outside world of the news of the massacre. All prisons across the country were placed in a state of emergency on the day the carnage began. All leaves for the personnel were canceled until further notice. All telephone lines were cut except one that was used by the death committee. All guards and staff members with knowledge of the massacre had to participate personally in the killings, so that they would be party to the crimes and would not reveal their knowledge afterwards. In many prisons and wards,

Crime Against Humanity

prisoners were executed to the last person to ensure that the secrets would be buried for ever. Only a few prisoners have emerged to tell the shocking tales of what went on inside the mullahs jails in the second half of 1988. Non-governmental organizations such as Amnesty International have also received eyewitness reports and interviewed former prisoners. These witnesses, coming from different prisons in Iran, tell a story that is the same in all its major aspects and varies only in details that are specific to every prison. The present list of victims, while incomplete, does provide a representative sample of the executed prisoners. A statistical breakdown reveals that 38 percent of the victims were hanged, 48 percent were executed by firing squads, and 14 percent were killed under a variety of circumstances: some died under torture, some were murdered when the guards blew up part of the prison, and some were hanged in public. There are numerous reports of political prisoners who were hanged in public during that time. Groups of Mojahedin prisoners, varying in number between seven and 20, were hanged in the full view of the people in the cities of Kermanshah, Harsin, Ilam, Dezful, Garmsar, Saveh, Varamin, Karaj, Tabriz, Mashad, Bandar-Abbas, etc. As last as early 1989, political prisoners were reportedly being hanged in public under the pretext of drug trafficking. Of the victims listed here, 35 percent were executed in Tehran, the majority of them in Evin prison. Fourteen percent were executed in Gohardasht prison in Karaj. Forty-six percent were killed in provincial jails. The place of execution of five percent is unknown. According to former prisoners, only 300 inmates out of the thousands who were being held in Gohardasht survived the killings by mid-September 1988. They were all transferred to Evin. More than Forty percent of the victims listed here were executed within three weeks after the executions began in late July. Of the more than 3,000 victims in this list, the Iranian regime has officially announced the execution of only 354 of them. Victims include teenagers as young as 13 and 15. Twenty-five percent of the victims were under 25 years old. Fifty-eight percent were under 30. Many like Saeed Daniali, Ahmad-Ali Vahabzadeh, and Massoud Darabi had been in jail since the time when they were only 13 years old. More than fifteen percent of the victims held university degrees. Twenty of the victims listed here were over 50. A 60-year-old woman, Sadat Hosseini, was executed in Shiraz. Another woman, known as Mother Shokri, was arrested after she protested the execution of her children. She was tortured to the
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point of becoming paralyzed and was then executed in Qaemshahr, northern Iran. Mohammad Ebrahim Rajabi, 58, father of seven, was executed in Gorgan, after five years in jail. Her daughter, Parvaneh, was executed in 1981. Mrs. Fatemeh Zarei in Shiraz, Shahbaz Shahbazi in Rudsar, Zohreh Einol-Yaghin in Isfahan were among Mojahedin candidates in the first post-revolutionary elections in 1980. Other victims, such as Ashraf Ahmadi, Mohammad Golpayegani, Qolamali Rahbari, Ali Tab, Mehdi Jalalian, and Parviz Zolfaqari were political prisoners under the Shahs regime. Many servicemen and members of the mullahs armed forces, who supported the Mojahedin, were among the victims of the massacre. Col. Mir Fakhrai, Major Khalil Minai (ground forces), Major Maghsoudi, Seyed Mohammad Ziai (officer in the navy), Seyed Ahmad Seyedian (airborne special forces, 23rd Nohed Division), Hossein Razaghi (commando in the ground forces) and Mohammad MirzaMohammadi (police corporal) were among them. The wide range of professional background of the victims is another indication of how deeply the massacre cut into Iranian society, leaving practically no family unscathed in a country where extensive families are still predominant. The victims include workers, farmers, businessmen, physicians, military personnel, engineers, accountants, teachers, university professors, sports champions, and the list goes on. In the city of Tabriz, the regimes agents hanged in public two physicians who sympathized with the Mojahedin, Dr. Firooz Saremi, a Cancer specialist, and Dr. Tabibi Nejad, an obstetrician. Both were in their 50s. The geographical distribution of the executions shows that every region of the country was affected by the massacre. In some major provincial cities thousands were executed during the killings. Another shocking reality about the carnage is that many families were wiped out in their entirety by the executioners. Some families lost three, four and even up to ten of their members. The Shojai family in Shahr-e Kord, central Iran, has lost 12 of its members. In Zanjan, the execution of Jaafar Hariri in 1988 raised the number of victims of executions in this family to six. In Isfahan, two sisters and a brother, Fariba, Farahnaz and Mohammad Ahmadi, were executed on August 3, 1988. The other brother, Mansour, was executed in Shiraz a month later.

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R 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Surname Ali Abbass Mirzadeh Abbass Zadeh Abbass Zadeh Abbass Zadeh Seromi Abbassi Abbassi

Name Changiz M. Reza Majid Bahih Majid Hafez Hossein (Bahman)

Age Sex

POB

Edu. H.s.s. Univ.s.

Date Aug. 88 1988 Jan. 89

Place Ardebil Gohardasht Gohardasht Chalous Rasht Evin Gohardasht

Method F.s. Hang Hang F.s. Hang Hang Hang

26 M Ardebil 30 M Karaj M Gazvin 25 31 M Some Sara M

H.s.dip. Univ.s.

1988 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88

30 M Hashtpar Tavalesh H.s.dip.

8 9 10 11 12

Abbassi Abbassi Abbassi Abbassi Abbassi

Sirouss Abdolreza Abdolmajid M. Javad Alireza

M M Halabcheh M Halabcheh 26 M Tehran 26 M Haftgel S. H.s.dip. H.s.dip.

1988 Aug. 4, 88 Aug. 4, 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88

Evin Isfahan Isfahan Evin Masjid Soleiman

Hang Hang Ex. Hang F.s.

13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

Abbassi Abbassi Abbassi Abbassi Abbassi Abbassi Abbassi Abbassi Abbassi Shiraz Abbassian Abbassian Hosseini Abdi Abdi Abdi Abdi Abdi Abdi Pir Bazari Abdolahzadeh Kakhki Abdolali

Gholamreza M. Javad M. Reza Mahmoud Maghsoud Mehrdad

M Masjed Soleiman 26 M Tehran 29 M Tehran 28 M 30 M Masal 30 M Abadan

H.s.dip. S. H.s.dip.

Aug. 6, 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 3, 88

Isfahan Evin Gohardasht

Hang. Hang. Hang Hang. Ex.

Aug. 12, 88 Gohardasht Univ.s. 1988 Aug. 1, 88 Nov. 1, 88 Feb. 89 Isfahan Shiraz Evin Gohardasht Ahvaz Mashad Evin

F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. Hang. Ex. F.s.

Mansour Behrouz Maryam Esfandiar Hossein Ghanbar M. Ismaeel

25 M Rezvanshahr M F 29 M 15 M 25 M 22 M Shiraz

H.s.s.

Aug. 88 Oct. 88 1988

Univ.s

Sep. 88 Oct. 88

H.s.dip. H.s.dip.

1988 Nov. 88 1988

Lahijan Babol Shiraz Evin Evin Hamedan

F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang.

Forouzan Mohsen

31 F 30 M

Tehran

Univ.s. B.s. M.s.

Aug. 88 Aug. 88 1988

33 M Hamedan

136

A List of Victims

R 32 33 34 35

Surname Abdolali Pour Abdolalinejad Abdolhosseini Abdolhosseini Ruzbehani

Name Fatemeh Fatemeh Gholamhossein Mohsen

Age Sex 29 F F

POB Fassa

Edu. H.s.dip.

Date 1988 1988

Place Adelabad Shiraz Gohardasht Gohardasht

Method Ex. Ex. Hang. Hang.

M Andimeshk 27 M Boroujerd

H.s.dip. H.s.s.

Aug. 9, 88 Oct. 7, 88

36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63

Abdoli Kamali Abdollahi Abdollahi Abdollahi Abdollahi Abdolvahab Abedi Abedi Abedi Abedi Abedi Abedi Abedi Abedi Abedi Zadeh Se-sari Abedini Abedini Abedini Abkenari Abootorab Abootorab Absari Abtahi Adab-avaz Adab-avaz Adab-avaz Adeli Adeli Adi-shirinpoor

Majid Javad Abolhassan Amir Mirfatah Hossein

25 M 37 M Tabriz 22 M Tehran 23 M Tehran M 36 M Tehran F H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.dip.

Dec. 28. 88 Tabriz Aug. 88 Jul. 27, 88 Aug. 88 Oct. 88 Aug. 3, 88 1988 1988 H.s.dip. 1988 1988 1988 H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.s. Oct. 88 Oct. 88 Aug. 88 1988 Sep. 88 S. H.s.dip. Sep. 88 Oct. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 H.s.dip. B.s. P.dip H.s.dip. S H.s.s. 1988 1988 Aug. 88 1988 Aug. 88 Oct. 88 1988 S 1988 Ardabil Tehran Tehran Rasht Evin Gohardasht Lorestan Gohardasht Shiraz Adel-abad Shiraz Babolsar Tabriz Evin Evin Tehran Gohardasht Evin Evin Shiraz Kazeroon Tehran Adel Abad Adelabad Rasht

Ex. Hang. Hang. Hang. F.s. Hang. Ex. F.s. F.s. Ex. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. Ex. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang. Ex. Hang. Tor. Tor. Ex. Hang F.s. Ex.

Ebrahim Bahram Hassan Hassan Seyyed Abass Seyyed Kazem Mostafa Khalil Abbass Monireh Mostafa Ashghar Saeid Doustali Mojtaba Hossein Esmat Fatemeh Jamshid Abolghassem Ali

M 32 M Shiraz M M 33 M Kazeroon 29 M Kazeroon 23 M Abkenar Anzali M Somesara M Kazeroon 24 F 27 M Abkenar Anzali 23 M 28 F M Poldokhtar

31 M Isfahan 30 M Jahrum 25 F 23 F Jahrum Jahrum

29 M Rasht M 24 M Ardabil

137

Crime Against Humanity

R 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96

Surname Adibi Adibi Aeineh Afghani Afhan Afkhami Afravi Afrazeh Afri Nejad Afsari Afsari Afshar Afshar Afshar Afshar Afshar Shandi Afshar-loo Afshari Afshoon Afshoon Afzali Afzallipoor Afzani Aghabozorgi Aghabozorgi Aghah Aghahosseini Aghajari Aghakhani Aghanoor Aghapour Aghdaghi Agheli

Name Sirous Mahmoud Youssef Mohammad Abbas Abbas Naji Abbas Zahra Hamid Mohammad

Age Sex 40 M 29 M

POB

Edu.

Date Oct. 88 1988

Place Evin Vakilabad Evin

Method Ex. Ex. Hang. Ex.

24 M Tehran 30 M Shahrood 27 M Amol 28 M Yazd 22 M Abadan 27 M Lahijan 27 F Abadan

Aug. 88 88

S H.s.dip. H.s. S. H.s.dip. H.s. S. S H.s.dip.

Aug. 3, 88 1988 Jan. 89 88 Jul. 28, 88 Jan. 88 Sep. 88 Dec. 88 1988 Oct. 27, 88 Aug. 88

Gohardasht Evin Khalkhal Lahijan Ahwaz Babol Babol Gohardasht Isfahan Tehran Mashad Orumieh Evin Malayer Gohardasht Gohardasht Evin Vakil Abad Evin Lahijan Evin Mashad Tehran Qezel Hesar Arak Tehran Evin

Hang. Hang. Hang Ex. F.s. Ex. Hang. Ex. Ex. Ex. Hang. Ex. Ex. Ex. Hang. Hang. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Hang. Hang. F.s. Ex. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang.

21 M Babol 27 M Babol M M Isfahna

Parviz Fazlollah Rasoul Ahamad Mahin Zinolabedin Alireza M.Reza Ali Esmael Majid Hossein Ali Reza Mohammad Saeid Shahnaz Jafar Mojtaba Rahim

M M 27 M Orumieh 31 M Roodsar 28 F 26 M Golpayegan 25 M 28 M Amol 32 M Gonabad 28 M Amol M Astaneh Ashrafieh 28 M Astaneh Ashrafieh H.s.dip. 22 M 20 M M 28 M Arak 27 F 33 M Bonab 25 M Tabriz 30 M Rasht H.s.dip. S B.s. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.s. S S S H.s.dip. B.s. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.dip.

Aug. 88 Oct. 88 1988 1988 1988 1988 Sep. 8, 88 1988 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 1988 1988 1988 1988

Aug. 14, 88 Tabriz Aug. 88 Gohardasht

138

A List of Victims

R 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129

Surname Aghili Ahadi Ahanchi Ahang Ahangar Ahmad-nezhad Ahmad-zadeh Ahmad-zadeh Ahmad-zadeh Ahmadi Ahmadi Ahmadi Ahmadi Ahmadi Ahmadi Ahmadi Ahmadi Ahmadi Ahmadi Ahmadi Ahmadi Ahmadi Ahmadi Ahmadi Ahmadi Ahmadi Ahmadi Ahmadi Ahmadi Ahmadi Ahmadi Aloonabadi Ahmadi Qotbi Ahmadi-vand

Name Hamid

Age Sex M

POB

Edu.

Date Nov. 88

Place Tehran Dezful Mashad Tehran Evin

Method F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s.

20 M Andimeshk F Saeid Javad Farshid Esmail Asieh M.Reza Hassan Hamid Hamid 25 M M M 33 M 27 F Tehran Mashad

1988 Aug. 88

H.s.s.

Nov. 88 Aug. 88 Sep. 88

H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.s. H.s.dip. H.s.dip.

1988 1988 Aug. 88 Feb. 89 1988 Aug. 88 Dec. 88

Bushehr Evin Rasht Evin Mashad Gohardasht Tehran Isfahan Garmsar

Ex. Hang. F.s. Ex. Hang. Hang. F.s. F.s. Ex. Ex.

25 M Abkenar 24 M Tehran 23 M Mashad 31 M M

Ahmad Ahmad Asghar Abdollah Ali Ali Farahnaz Fariba Mohammad Mohammad M. Reza Morteza Mansour Mehdi Nader Nasser Houshang Ashraf-ol Sadat Nassir Maqsoud

24 M Shiraz 27 M Rebkan Garmsar M 30 M Bushehr M 22 M Mashad 20 F 22 F Abadan Abadan

H.s.dip. H.s.dip.

Aug. 3, 88 Jan. 89 1988

H.s.dip.

1988 Aug. 88

Bushehr Evin Mashad Isfahan Isfahan Isfahan Mashad Semnan Evin Shiraz Gohardasht Isfahan Evin Hamadan Evin Mashad Tabriz

Ex. Hang. Hang. Ex. Ex. Ex. Hang. Ex. Ex. Ex. Hang. Hang. Hang. Ex. Hang. Ex. Hang.

H.s.dip. S S H.s.dip. H.s.s. H.s.dip.

1988 Aug. 4, 88 Aug. 4, 88 Aug. 4, 88 Jul. 30, 88 Oct. 88 1988

32 M Abadan 24 M Tehran 25 M Garmsar M 26 M Abadan 25 M Tehran M 36 M Tehran 31 M Assad-abad 47 F 24 M 39 M Tabriz Tehran

H.s.dip. S. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. S. H.s.s.

Sep. 1988 Aug. 88 Aug. 4, 88 Aug. 88 Nov. 88 Jul. 31, 88 1988 Sep. 88

139

Crime Against Humanity

R 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149

Surname Ahmadian Ahmadian Ahmadian- Moqaddas Ahmadieh Akhavan Ajini Ajoodani Akbari Akbari Akbari Akbari Monfared Akbari Monfared Akbari Namdar Akbarian Akbariani Akbariseffat Akbarnezhad Akbarzadeh Yousefi Akhavan Akhlaghi Akhlaghi

Name Faramarz Mahmoud Ahmad Jallal-oddin Sohan Ismail Ibrahim Hassan Feyzollah Roqieh Abdolreza Gholamreza Abdolsaheb Hamid Ibrahim Hurieh M. Hossein Jalal Asghar Seyyed Mohammad

Age Sex

POB

Edu. S. B.s. H.s.s. H.s.dip.

Date Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Oct. 88 Aug. 6, 88 1988 1988

Place Tehran Evin Ahvaz Gohardasht

Method Hang. Hang. Ex. Ex. Ex.

32 M Babol 40 M Tehran 28 M Ahvaz 27 M Tabriz M 27 M 25 M Orumeih 25 M Langrood 31 M Bandargaz 30 M Tehran 23 M Tehran 29 M Tabriz 27 M Behbahan 25 M Tehran 30 M Lahijan 24 F 60 M Tabriz M M 38 M

Shahrood Tabriz Gilan Gorgan Evin Tehran Tabriz Behbahan Gohardasht Gohardasht Evin Tabriz Gohardasht Bushehr Gohardasht

Hang. Ex. Ex. Ex. Hang. Hang. Hang. Ex. Hang. Hang. Ex. Hang. Hang. Ex. Hang.

S S H.s.dip. H.s.s. S H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.s

Aug. 88 1988 Dec. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 6, 88 Sep. 88 1988 Aug. 88 Dec. 88 Aug. 88 Sep. 88 Aug. 88 1988

H.s.dip.

Aug. 88

150 151 152

Akhtari Akki Akrami

Alireza Hamid Mahmoud

30 M Assad-abad M 18 M Sarbandar Shahpour S

1988 1988 1988

Hamadan

Ex.

Masjid Soleiman Ex. Mahshahr Ex.

153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160

Akrami Farsi Akraminaqsh Al-eshaq Alaeddini Alai Khastou Alam Alavi Alavi Reza Mehdi Massoud Massoud Ahamd Seyyed Reza Mehrdad

22 M Shahre-ray 25 M Maragheh 25 M Qom M 25 M Tehran M 26 M Deh-kohneh 24 M Lahijan

S S H.s.dip.

Feb. 89 1988 Feb. 89 Aug. 88

Tehran Zanjan Qom Shiraz Gohardasht Adelabad Bushehr Rasht

Ex. Ex. F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang. F.s. Ex

S.

Jul. 30, 88 Aug. 88

H.s. Dip. S.

Dec. 88 Jan. 89

140

A List of Victims

R 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193

Surname Alavi-tafreshi Ali Akbarian Kahani Ali Beik (Beik Ali) Ali Mohammadi Ali Moradi Ali Yazdan Panah Alidoost Alidoost Alijani Alipour Alipour Alipour Alipour Alirezania Alizadeh Alizadeh Alizadeh Alizadeh Alizadeh Alizadeh Zahed-sefat Alizaghi Allahyari Allahyari Allahyari Allame Araqi Allame Haeri Alooki Alshafie Alvani Alvari Ameri Amin Amin

Name Afshin Majid Ali Akbar Mohammad Behrooz Ali Akbar Ghanbar Reza Asghar Hassan Hossein Hamid Reza Mohammad Reza Mohammad Taqi Shaban Ali Mohammad Mahmoud Mehdi (Bijan) Qassem Zia Sartip Alireza Majid Homayoun Fazilat Qassem Mostafa

Age Sex

POB

Edu. S. H.s. Dip.

Date Aug. 9, 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 6. 88

Place Gohardasht Vakilabad Evin Evin Sanandaj Tehran Rasht Lahijan Tehran Shiraz Shiraz Lahijan Rasht Evin Rasht Babol

Method Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang. F.s. Ex Ex F.s. Ex F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. Hang F.s.

23 M Mashad 28 M Ghouchan 25 M 29 M Tehran 24 M Sanandaj M 27 M Lahijan 19 M M M Abadan M Abadan M Astaneh Ashrafieh

H.s. Dip.

Aug. 88 Nov. 88 1988

H.s. Dip. H.s. Dip.

Jan. 89 1988 Sep. 88 Sep. 88 Sep. 88 Jan. 89 Jan. 89 Dec. 11, 88 1988 Nov. 88 1988 Sep. 88

17 M Astaneh Ashrafieh S. 23 M Shahr-e Ray 21 M Kouchesfahan 30 M Babol M M 25 M Tehran 28 M Orumieh 33 M Najaf M 24 M Karaj 24 M Abadan M 29 M Shahroud 29 M Tehran M Univ. S Univ. S S H.s.dip. S. H.s. Dip. S. H.s. S. H.s. S. H.s. Dip.

Tehran Gohardasht Orumeih Gohardasht Evin Gohardasht Ahvaz Tehran Tehran

F.s. Hang. F.s. Hang Ex. Hang. Ex. F.s. Hang. Hang. F.s.

Aug. 3, 88 Aug. 88 Nov. 11, 88 1988 Aug. 88 Jan. 89 Mar. 89 Nov. 88

Dec. 12, 88 Evin 1988 1988 Shiraz

Ex. Ex.

Reza Ozra Reza Reza

31 M 28 F

H.s.dip.

Mar. 5, 89 1988 Dec. 88 1988 Andimeshk Tehran Rasht

Ex. Hang. Ex.

18 M Astaneh Ashrafieh S 19 M Astaneh Ashrafieh S

141

Crime Against Humanity

R 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226

Surname Amin Amin-oltolieh Amini Amini Amini Amini Amini Amini Amini Amini Khah Amini Khah Aminian Aminian Aminifar Amininia Aminpour Amir Akram Amir Bahrami Amiri Amiri Amiri Amiri Amiri Amiri Amiri Amiri (Amini) Amirian Amjad Amjadi Amjadi Tousi Amoli Amouzgar Amouzgar

Name Massoud Seyyd Shams Ayyoub Khosro Reza Kamran Mohammadreza Massoud Massoumeh Seyyed Mehdi Mashallah Jamshid Alireza Baratali Jamshid Jamshid Ismail Mohammad

Age Sex

POB

Edu.

Date Dec. 88 Aug. 3, 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Sep. 88

Place Tehran Gohardasht Shiraz Gohardasht Evin

Method Hang. Hang. Hang. Ex. Ex. Ex.

16 M Astaneh Ashrafieh S 25 M Tehran 26 M Sepidan 36 M Paveh 28 M Sonqor Koliae M 37 M Hamedan 25 M Sonqor Koliae 25 F 21 M M M 26 M M Meskin Abad 28 M Tehran 28 M Karaj 27 M Tehran 22 M M Fahlian Hassani M S S H.s.dip. S Sonqor H.s.dip. S B.s. S S H.s.dip. H.s.dip.

1988 Aug. 88 Nov. 88 1988 Dec. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 1988 Jul. 27, 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 1988 1988 Sep.88

Hamedan Gohardasht Gohardasht

Ex. Hang. Ex. Ex.

Bushehr Tehran Gohardasht Ahwaz Evin Evin Evin Evin

Ex. Hang. Hang. Ex. Ex. Hang. Hang. Ex. Ex.

Mashad Gohardasht Gohardasht Gohardasht Evin Gohardasht Arak Gohardasht Gohardasht Gohardasht Evin Evin Adel Abad Shiraz

Ex. Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang. Ex. Ex. Ex. Hang. Hang. Ex. Hang. F.s. F.s.

Parvin Jahanbakhsh Hamidreza Alireza Morteza Mohsen Kiomars Majid Abdolnasser Khosro Ahmad Reza Ali

27 F

Kandooleh

S S

Aug. 88 Dec. 6, 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88

M Kermanshah M M 26 M Kermanshah 32 M Shahzand Arak 20 M Sonqor M 29 M Karaj 29 M Abadan M 34 M Fasa 34 M Shiraz

H.s.dip. B.s.

Aug. 88 Sep. 88 1988 Aug. 88

H.s.dip. H.s.dip.

Jul. 31, 88 Aug. 1988 Aug. 1988

H.s.dip. H.s.dip.

Oct. 10, 88 Nov. 29, 88

142

A List of Victims

R 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259

Surname Amouzgar Amouzgar Amouzgar Amri Amshasband Anosheh Barikabi Ansari Ansari Ansari Ansi Anzhdani Aqahayan Aqahayan Aqahayan Aqahayan Aqahei Aqvami Aqvami Aqvamipanah Aqyani Arab Arab Arab Arab Arab Mojahed Arab Taheri Arab Vaziri Arabi Arabi Kheder Arabian Araghi Farahani Aram Aramin

Name Alireza Mehri Navid Hamid Mehdi

Age Sex

POB

Edu. H.s.dip.

Date 1988 1988

Place Shiraz Adel Abad

Method Hang. Ex. Hang. Ex. Hang. Ex. Hang. Ex.

29 M Fasa F 26 M 29 M Arak 29 M Qom

S H.s.dip. S H.s.dip. S

Aug. 16, 88 Mashad Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 5, 88 Jul. 29, 88 1988 Vakil Abad Qom Dezful

Seyyed Mohammad 29 M Andimeshk Jaber Mohsen 28 M M Azarbijan Seddiqeh Amir Farah Amir Abdolaziz Abdolvahhab Majid Maliheh Mehdi Mohammad-reza Mehri Ali Majid Mohammad Mohammad Reza Ali Ali Asghar Alireza Bahman Mehdi Mohammad Ali Majid Mojtaba Siavoush 21 25 22 22 25 30 24 26 21 27 25 24 F Tehran

S H.s.dip. S S S S S

Aug. 88 Sep. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Jan. 89 Dec. 88 Dec. 88 Nov. 88 Jan. 89 Dec. 88

Qom Tehran Tehran Evin Shahrood Shiraz Lar Behbahan Tehran Tehran Gohardasht Tehran Isfahan Zahedan Isfahan Zahedan Zahedan Gorgan Semnan Garmsar Vakil Abad Isfahan Arak Tehran Evin

Ex. Hang. Hang. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. Ex. Hang. Hang. Ex. F.s. F.s. F.s. Ex. F.s. Hang F.s. Hang F.s. F.s. Hang.

25 M Kermanshah 28 F Isfahan

22 M Shahrood 39 M Larestan 23 M Larestan 27 M Behbahan 26 F M 23 M Tehran F Shahrood

S H.s.dip. S. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.s. H.s.dip. P.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.s. S

Aug. 88 1988 Aug. 4, 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 4, 88 Aug. 11, 88 Aug 6. 88 1988 Sep. 88 Jan. 89 1988 Aug. 4, 88 Sep. 88 1988 1988

M Homayoun-shahr M Zahedan M Ahwaz M Zahedan M M Gorgan M M Garmsar M Khadar-shandiz M Sedeh Isfahan M Arak M M Tehran

143

Crime Against Humanity

R 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292

Surname Arang Arasteh Arbab -ali Tehrani Arbab-zadeh Arbabi Arbabi Ardebili Ardekani Ardekani-moqaddam Ardeshir-zadeh Ardeshiri Ardeshiri Ardestani Arjomand Arjomandi Arjomandi Armian Armin Arooji Zare Arshadi Aryan Aryan Aryan-nezhad Arzhangi Asadollahi Asekh Asgar Khani Asgar Shahi Asgari Asgari Asgari Asgari Asgari

Name Ali Majid Qassem Ali Hossein Reza Mehrdad Jafar Mohammad Bahram

Age Sex 27 27 25 28 40 35 40 26

POB

Edu. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. B.s. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.s. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. S M.s.d. S S S.

Date Aug. 88 Jan. 89 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 1988 1988 Jul. 31, 88 Aug. 2, 88 Aug. 88 1988 Oct. 88 Oct. 89 Aug. 88 Nov. 1, 88 Sep. 88 Jan. 89 Aug. 88 Aug. 6, 88 Oct. 88 1988 Dec.88 Aug. 88 1988 Aug.13, 88 1988 Aug. 2, 88 Aug. 88 Nov. 17, 88 Sep, 88

Place Gohardasht Shirza Gohardasht Evin Qom Gohardasht Gohardasht Evin Gohardasht Kazeroon Evin Gohardasht Adel-abad Qazvin Rasht Gohardasht Gohardasht Rasht Zanjan Evin Gohardasht Evin Evin Gonbad Dezful Gohardasht Evin Karaj

Method Hang. Ex. Hang. Hang. Ex. Hang. Hang. Ex. Hang. Ex. Ex. Ex. Hang. Ex. Ex. Ex. Hang. Hang. Ex. Ex. Ex. Hang. Ex. Hang. Ex. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. Hang.

M Tehran M M Tehran M Tehran M Qom M M Tehran M Gorgan M Tehran M M M M Tehran M M Astara M M M Astara M Zanjan M M Tehran M M Tehran M Tehran M Andimeshk M Tehran F Tehran

Hamid-reza

25

Akbar Mahmoud Mahmoud Jaber Javad Heshmatollah Bijan Mohsen Houshang Reza Ahmad Mojtaba Zahra

26 26 28 32 31 31 22 47 25 28 25 24

Seyyed M. Hassan 27 Sirous Shahla(zahra) Alireza 26 26 29

M Mazandaran M Masjed Soleiman F M Tehran

H.s.dip. H.s.s. H.s.s. Univ.s

Aug. 13, 88 Gohardasht Aug. 88 Isfahan

Aug. 28. 88 Evin Oct. 88 Gohardasht

Hang. Hang.

144

A List of Victims

R 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325

Surname Asgari Asgari Asgari Asgari Pour Asgari Zadeh Asgari(khatam-abadi) Asghar Nezhad Asghar Zadeh Asghar Zadeh Asghar Zadeh Asghar Zadeh Asgharian Asgharipoor Ashouri Ashouri Ashrafi Ashrafi Ashrafzadeghan Ashtari Ashtari Ashtiani Asiaban Asiabani Askia Aslani Asna-ashari Asoya Assad AssadPour Assadi Assadi Assadi Assadi

Name Mohammad Mohammadreza Mansour

Age Sex 22 25 31

POB

Edu. H.s.dip. H.s.s. H.s.dip.

Date Aug. 4, 88 Oct. 88 Aug. 4, 88 Sep. 88 Oct. 88

Place Isfahan Evin Hamedan Gorgan Tehran Evin Langrood Evin Tehran Babol Gorgan Tehran Noshahr Tabriz Tehran Rasht Evin Gohardasht

Method F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. Ex. Ex. Hang. Ex. Ex. EX. Ex. F.x. F.s. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. Ex. F.s. Ex.

M Isfahan M M Aznai Aligoudarz Kurdkuy

Mahmoud Ahmad Ismael Ali Farid Mahmoud Vahid Nader Mohammad Bahram Ali Mohammad Seyyed Hassan Aziz Mehrdad Ali Hassan Khosrow Mina (Qamar) Majid 30 23 23 28 20 28 30 22 28 Jafar Abdolreza Jalal Jalal Jamshid Hojjat Effat 40 33 30 18 27 27 28 28 34 25 28 30 25

M M Tehran M M Tehran M Tehran M Bandar Anzali M M Babol M Ashoor Shahrood M Noshar M Tabriz M Shahrood M Roodsar M Behbahan M Tehran M Tehran M Kashan M Khaoy F S H.s.dip. H.s.dip. S S B.s. H.s.dip. Univ.s S S H.s.s. H.s.dip. H.s.s.

Aug. 88 Sep. 88 1988 Aug. 88 1988 Sep. 88 Aug. 88 Sep. 88 Sep. 88 Sep. 88 Aug. 88 Jan. 89 Sep. 88 Mar. 89 Aug. 6, 88

Sep. 29, 88 Evin 1988 Oct. 88 1988 1988 Isfahan Orumieh Tehran Mianeh Tehran

M Mianeh M M M Shiraz M Mashad M Mashad M Boroojerd M Lahijan F Qom

Teolog. S Sep. 88 H.s.dip H.s.dip. S H.s.dip. S. Pharms. Oct. 88 1988 Oct. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Jul.29, 88 Dec. 88

Mashad Mashad Evin Rasht Tehran

Ex. Ex. Ex. Hang. Hang. Ex.

145

Crime Against Humanity

R 326 327 328 329 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 341 342 343 344 345 346 347 348 349 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358

Surname Assadi Assadi Assadi Jabbari Assivand Atabaki Atighechi Atrak Atrak Atrak Attaii Attaii Attaii Attaii Attaii Attaii Tehrani Attaran Attari Attarian- Nejad Attarodi Attarzadeh Attarzadeh Attarzadeh(attari) Ayatollah-zadeh Shirazi Ayatollahi Ayouzi Alamdari Azad Azad-abkenari Azadegan Azadeh Azadi Azadi-khoh Azadmanesh Azadmehr

Name Alireza Nader Mahmoud Mostafa Kamal Ali Farrokhzad Farhad Ahad Hassan Hossein Mohammad Mehdi Seyyed Kambiz Mohsen Ali Saeed Mohammad Behrouz Mohsen

Age Sex 27 30 24 26 31 20 21 31 30 25

POB

Edu. H.s.dip. S H.s.dip. Univ.s. H.s.dip. S S H.s.dip. H.s.dip.

Date Aug. 4, 88 Aug. 4, 88 Aug. 88 1988 Sep. 88 1988 Aug. 4, 88

Place Isfahan Isfahan Ahwaz

Method Ex. Ex. Ex.

M Masjed-suleiman M Masjed -suleiman M Ahwaz M M Zanjan M Tehran M Isfahan M Isfahan M Khorram-darreh M M M

Masjid Soleiman Ex. Evin Zanjan Isfahan Hang. F.s. F.S. F.s. Hang. Ex. Hang. F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang. Hang. F.s. Gohardasht Mashad Evin Mashad Evin Evin Shiraz Evin Babol Rasht Isfahan Evin Evin Isfahan Gohardasht Evin Hang. Ex. Hang. Ex. Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang. Ex. Hang. Ex. Hang. Ex. Ex. Ex.

Aug. 22, 88 Isfahan Aug. 3, 88 1988 1988 Sep. 88 Oct. 88 Gohardasht Ghazvin Shiraz Tehran Evin Evin Evin Mashad

26 22 28 25

M Tehran M Tehran M M Sangar-shaghaji M

S. H.s.s. H.s.dip. S.

Sep. 88 Jan. 89 1988 Aug. 88 Aug.16, 88 Oct. 20, 88

31 21 27

M Ghouchan M Mashad M Mashad F F F Boroujerd S. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. B.s. H.s. Dip H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. S H.s.dip. S S

Oct. 88 Aug. 88 Sep. 88 Nov. 1, 88 Dec. 88 Aug. 88 Feb. 89 1988 Aug. 4, 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 4, 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88

Azam (Shahrbanoo) 27 Razieh 36 Faramarz Rahim Mazaher Rahim Hassan Hassan Rahim Mohammad-reza Safdar 27 23 27 25 25 27 24 30

M Tehran M Qaemshahr M Abkenar Anzali M Isfahan - Sedeh M M M Homayoon-shahr M Varamin M Islam-abad

146

A List of Victims

R 359 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 369 370 371 372 373 374 375 376 377 378 379 380 381 382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389 390 391

Surname Azali Azami Azami Azami Azar Azar Kayvan Azaran Azarang Azarash Gorgani Azari Azari Azarm Azhdar Afshar Azhdar Afshar Azhini Azimi Azimi Azimi AZIMI Azimi Azimzadeh Turk Aziz Saless Aziz Zadeh Maleki Azizi Azizi Azizi Azizi Azizi Azizi Azizi Azizi Azizi Fard Khaless Azizian

Name Reza Abdolrazzaq Houshang Houshang Mokhtar Anousheh Reza Davood Ali Davar Davood Youssef Akbar Ali-asghar Mahmoud Jamshid Hojjat Ali KIOMARS Bibi-hamdam Mehdi Khalil Shapour

Age Sex 28 21 29 26 26 30 27 25 30 25 30 30 M

POB

Edu. H.s.dip. S H.s.dip. H.s.s. H.s.dip. S H.s.dip. S S H.s.s. Univ.s.

Date Aug. 88 Dec. 7, 88 Oct. 88 Nov. 88 Sep.17, 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 3, 88 1988 Sep. 88 Aug. 88 Sep. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Nov. 88 Sep. 88 1988 AUG. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 1988

Place Gohardasht Adel-abad Isfahan Tabriz Shiraz Evin Sari Gohardasht Gohardasht Tehran Tehran Evin Ahvaz Tehran Evin Evin Evin Mashad RASHT Evin Gohardasht

Method Hang. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Hang. F.s. Hang. Hang. Ex. Ex. Hang. Ex. Ex. Hang. F.s. Ex. Hang. HANG. Hang. Hang. Ex.

M Khonj - Lorestan M Golpayegan M M Darab Fars M Tehran M Maragheh M Zanjan M Tehran M M M Chaf - Lahijan M Abadan M Mashad M Tehran M Tehran

M Harsin Kermanshah H.s.s. M Univ.s. H.S.S. Univ. S. Univ.s.

25 35 30

M Rezvanshahr M Mashad M Tehran M

31 30

M Tabriz

S.

Oct. 24, 88 1988

Tabriz Islam Abad Evin Ardebil Evin Islamabad Evin Gohardasht Gohardasht Adelabad Evin

F.s. Hang. Hang. F.s. Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang. F.s. Hang.

Ashraf(maryam) Davar Davoud Sohbat Ali

24 28

Tehran

H.s.s. P.dip.

Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 1988

M Ardebil M

60 M M Mianeh M Tehran F M Zargan Fars Tehran H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.s. S.

Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 3, 88 Nov. 88 Aug. 88

Mohammad Sadeq 27 Hadi Zahra Mohammad Ali 27 40 22

147

Crime Against Humanity

R 392 393 394 395 396 397 398 399 400 401 402 403 404 405 406 407 408 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 417 418 419 420 421 422 423 424

Surname Azkia Azmoodeh Azmoodeh Lakami Babaii Babaii Babaii Babashahf Babri Babri Babri Babri Babri Babri Badan Ara

Name Mina (Qamar) Alireza Fakhri Beheshteh Ali Alireza Boyouk Abri Iraj Hassan Saeid Farzan Massoud Habib

Age Sex 22 31 32 25 27 23 27 F

POB

Edu. B.s. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.s. H.s.dip.

Date 1988 Aug. 88 1988 Nov. 88 Aug. 88 Sep. 88 Aug. 88 Sep. 88

Place Evin Evin Rahst Rasht Gohardasht Kerman Gohardasht Bandar Anzali Rasht Rasht Rasht Rasht Rahst

Method Hang. Hang. F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s.

M Tehran F F M M Kerman M Tehran M Rashat Rasht

29

M Bandadr Anzali M Bandar Anzali

H.s.dip.

1988 Aug. 88

27 26 24

M Bandar Anzali M Bandar Anzali M Bandar Anzali M

H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.dip.

Oct. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 1988

Badri Ghara Gheshlaghi Nasser Bafian Tousi Baghban Dorrani Baghbani Bagheri Bagheri Bagheri Bagheri Bagheri Bagheri Bagheri Bagheri Bagheri Bagheri Bagheri Bagheri Fard Bagheri Ghaziani Bagheri Tahani Bagheri Tava Mohsen Farahmand Yahya Parvin Javad Javad Zeinab Sirous Amel Gholamhossein M.Hossein Mohmmad Ali Massoud Mehrdad Baqer Ali Reza Nezhat

26

M Salmas M M Tehran

S P.dip.

Oct. 88 Dec. 89 Aug. 88

Tabriz Mashad Tehran Isfahan Evin Gohardasht Kermanshah Ahwaz

F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang. F.s. Hang. F.s.

24 19 27 28 30

M Boroujen F Ahvahz

Univ. S S H.s.dip. H.s.dip.

Aug. 4, 88 Dec. 89 1988 Nov. 88 Sep. 88 Sep. 88

M Sonqor M F M Ahwaz

H.s.dip.

23 30 32 27

M Khalkhal M Borazjan M Isfahan M M P.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.dip.

Sep. 23, 88 Gohardasht 1988 1988 1988 1988 H.s.dip. Dec. 89 Oct. 88 H.s.dip. H.s.dip. 1988 1988 Oct. 88 Ahwaz Lahijan Rasht Tehran Rasht Bandar Abbas Qezel Hesar Shiraz

23

M Ahwaz M Dehkohneh

F.s. F.s. F.s. Ex. F.s.

28

M Bandar Anzali M Tehran F

148

A List of Victims

R 425 426 427 428 429

Surname Baghi Bahador Bahadori Bahadori Qashqaii Bahadori Qashqaii Kashkooli

Name Mohammad Akram Mahboubeh Morad Ibrahim

Age Sex 25 35

POB

Edu. S B.s.

Date Jul. 30, 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 1988

Place Khorram Abad Evin Isfahan Evin Shiraz

Method F.s. Hang. Ex. F.s. F.s.

M Khorram Abad F F Abadan

S S H.s.dip.

26 32

M Shiraz M Shiraz

430 431 432 433 434 435 436 437 438 439 440 441 442 443 444 445 446 447 448 449 450 451 452 453 454 455 456

Bahman Amini Bahmani Bahr-e Kazemi Bahraini Bahrami Bahrami Bahrami Bahrami Bahrami Bahrami Eivanaki Bahrami Fard Bahrami Hidji Bahramian (Bahrami) Bahremand Bahri Bajian Bajoor Bajoor Bakali Bakhsh-e Jahan Bakhshaii Bakhshaii Bakhshaii Bakhshandeh Bakhshandeh Bakhshi Bakhshi

Mohammad Hamid Nosrat Akram

26 22 25 26

M Abadan M Astaneh Ashrafieh F Lahijan

Univ.s. S H.s.dip. Univ.s

Nov. 88 Aug. 3, 88 Aug. 88 1988 Sep. 88 Nov. 88

Shiraz Rasht Rasht Isfahan Evin Tehran Evin Gohardasht Evin Evin

F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. Ex. Hang. F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang. F.s. Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang. F.s. Ex. Hang. Hang. Hang. F.s. F.s.

M Isfahan M

Zahra Fereidoon Koroush M.Hossein Fereidoon Mohsen Daryoush Valli Jafar Hossein Ahmad Arash Arash Ali Hossein Mahmoud Mahmoud Nasrollah Hamid Davood Bakhshali Hossein 35 25 25 29 25 25 28 39 28 35 24 37 26 27 29 24

F M Zanjan M Kermanshah M M M Tehran M Tehran M Malekan Tabriz M M M Abadadn M Tehran M Tehran M M Tehran M M M Golpayegan M Tehran M Amol M Khalkhal M Tehran H.s.s S Univ.s H.s.dip. H.s. Dip. H.s.s. Univ.s H.s.s H.s.dip. B.s. S Univ. S.

Aug. 88 Sep. 88 Aug. 88 Nov. 88

Aug. 28, 88 Rasht Sep. 88 Sep. 9, 88 1988 Jul. 31, 88 1988 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 9, 88 Aug. 88 Dec. 88 Dec. 88 Nov. 3, 88 Aug. 88 Dec. 88 Aug. 88 Sep. 88 Evin Tabriz Mashad Gohardasht Arak Tehran Tehran Gohardasht Evin Tehran Kerman Evin Gohardasht Evin Rasht Evin

149

Crime Against Humanity

R 457 458 459 460 461 462 463 464 465 466 467 468 469 470 471 472 473 474 475 476 477 478 479 480 481 482 483 484 485 486 487 488 489

Surname Bakhshi Nazar Bakhshi-tari Bakhshi-zadeh Bakhshyari Bakhtiari Bakhtiari Bakhtiari Bakhtiari Bakhtiari Balaii Bamoniri Banani Banavi Bandar Bandehkhoda Bandi Bani Jangaloo Bani-amerian Bani-amerian Bani-amerian Bani-ardalan Bani-hashemi Bani-morovvati Baradaran Baradaran Gooran Baradaran Moqaddam Barahooii Barandak Barani Barari Barari Barati Bagherabadi Baravardeh

Name Majid Hamid Reza

Age Sex 36 28 26

POB

Edu. H.s.dip. Univ. S B.s. H.s.dip.

Date Sep. 88 Nov. 88 Sep. 88 Nov. 88 1988 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 1988 Nov. 88 Aug. 4, 88 Nov. 88

Place Hamedan Evin Gorgan Dezful Dezful Evin Evin Ilam Ilam Rasht Isfahan Evin Shiraz Gohardasht Isfahan Semnan Orumieh Gohardasht Gohardasht Gohardasht Evin Evin Ilam Kashan Gohardasht Mashad

Method F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang.

M Hamedan M Tehran M M M M M M M Izeh

Jalil Mehrab Abdollah Ossman Nasrollah Nosratollah Taher Abdolsattar Abdolhossein Massoud Hamid Farhad

28

31 25 31 27 25 25

M Hashtpar Tavalesh H.s.dip. M Abadan M M M Tehran M Isfahan M H.s.dip. H.s.s H.s.dip. H.s.dip.

1988 Nov. 88 Aug. 4, 88 Nov. 88

Ahmad Afshin Ramin Reza Ali-asghar Assadollah Mohammad Ehsan Mohammad Hadi Ali-asghar Habibollah Habibollah Hossein Rassoul Zahra (Shamsi) Mojtaba Hassan

24 21 22 31

M Orumeih M Songor M Songor M Songor Kolyaee M

S S H.s.s H.s.dip.

Nov. 3, 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Sep. 88 Aug. 88

25

M Semnan M

H.s.dip.

Jul. 30, 88 1988

28 26 26

M Kashan M Kermanshah M Qouchan M Zahedan M

H.s.dip. H.s.s H.s.dip.

Sep. 88 Aug. 88 Dec. 88 1988 1988

Sis&Baluchistan Ex. Tehran Gohardasht Mashhad Vakil Abad F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s.

40 30 40 24 26

M Gonaveh M Zanjan F Zanjan

B.s.

1988 Aug. 88 Nov. 88

M Mashad M Bushehr

H.s.dip.

Aug. 24, 88 Vakil Abad Aug. 88

150

A List of Victims

R 490 491 492 493 494 495 496 497 498 499 500 501 502 503 504 505 506 507 508 509 510 511 512 513 514 515 516 517 518 519 520 521 522

Surname Barazandeh Bargak Barzabadi Farahani Barzegar Barzegar Bashiri Bastaki Bateni Bavar Bazarghani Bazaz Haghighat Talab Bazgooneh Baziarpour Bazirpour Beegham Beehamta Tousi Behboodi Beheshti Tabar Behnam Zadeh Behnia Behnik Behrangi Behzad Behzadi Behzadi Behzadi Behzadi Nezhad Beigdeli Beighi Beighi Beiglari Beiglari Beikmohammadi

Name Massoumeh Daryoush Morteza Nasser

Age Sex 20 26 26 27 F

POB Gachsaran

Edu. S

Date Sep. 1988 1988

Place Gachsaran Bushehr Arak Gohardasht Adel Abad Rasht Arak Rasht Rasht Kermanshah Zanjan Lahijan Borazjan Borazjan

Method Hang. F.s. F.s. Hang. Ex. F.g. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang. Hang. F.s. Hang. F.s. Hang. Hang. F.s. F.s. Ex. Hang. F.s. Tor. Ex.

M Bushehr M Arak M Foman H.s.dip.

Dec. 88 Aug. 88 Sep. 88

Bakhsh Ali Qasem Ali Mahmoud Ali

26 29 29 25

M Khalkahl M

H.s.s H.s.dip.

1988 Oct. 88 Dec. 89 Sep. 88 Oct. 88

M Shalman Lagrrood P.dip. M Lahijan F H.s.s.

Taher Hossein Abbas Mohammad Amir Mehran Mohammad Ali Akbar (Sirous) Hurieh Behrooz Yaqub Hassan Abdollah Mostafa

29 15 47 M Lahijan M Borazjan M Borazjan 25 30 28 M Tehran M Mashad M Rasht F 29 Isfahan

Univ. S S

Sep. 88 1988 Nov. 88 Nov. 88

S H.s.dip. Univ. S. M.s. Univ.s.

Aug. 20, 88 Gohardasht Nov. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 3, 88 Sep. 88 Mashad Rasht Evin Gohardasht Shiraz Mashad Gohardasht Evin Tehran Rasht Gohardasht Dezful Evin

M Tehran M

25

M Sabzevar M Tehran

H.s.s

Sep. 88 Aug. 6, 88

22 15

M Tehran M

Oct. 88 1988 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Sep. 3, 88 1988 1988

Hassan Nematollah Mostafa Ismaeel Sadeq Hadi Ismail Mehrdad Mohammad Reza 31 27 28 33 22 20

M Hashtpar Tavalesh H.s.dip. M Tehran M Dezful M M M Delijan Isfahan M Babol M Lahijan M Hezareh Arak H.s.dip. S P.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. S H.s.s.

Aug. 88 Nov. 88 Nov. 88 Jul. 30, 88

Tehran Evin Lahijan Evin

Hang. Hang. F.s. Hang.

151

Crime Against Humanity

Surname Hezareh

Name

Age Sex

POB

Edu.

Date

Place

Method

523 524 525 526 527 528 529 530 531 532 533 534 535 536 537 538 539 540 541 542 543 544 545 546 547 548 549 550 551 552 553 554

Beilghoosh Berenjian Biabanaki Biabangard Mehrabani Bidarian Bidokhti Bidokhti Bijani Bijanyar Bijanzadeh Biranvand Bitarafan Bolbolian Bordbar Borhani Borhani Boubini Boubini Boubini Boubini Boubini Boudaghi Bourbour Boushehri Bouzi Bozorg Bashar Bozorgan Fard Chahar Roosta Chaki Chamani Chamansara Changizi

Ibrahim Massoud Behnam Habib Bahram Hassan Hossein Akbar Zahra Mohammad Sadeq Mehdi Roshan Mehrdad Seyyed Ahmad 25 33 38 25 27 24 24 29 30 28 25 28

M Roodsar M M Garmsar M Zahedan M Tehran M Semnan M Tehran M Qasr-e Shirin F M M Andimeshk M Qom M Tehran M Fasa M Qazvin M Qazvin M Tehran M Tehran M M 22 27 25 M M M Garmsar M 28 33 30 M Mianeh M Tehran M Tehran Shiraz H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. S Univ.s. Univ.s. M.s. M.s. H.s.dip. P.dip. S S H.s.dip. H.s.s. S H.s.dip. S S Univ.s.

Aug. 88 1988 Sep. 88 Aug. 88 Sep. 88 1988 Dec. 88 Sep. 88 Jan. 10, 89 1988 1988 Jan. 15, 89

Evin

Hang. F.s.

Semnan Gohardasht Gohardasht

F.s. Hang. Hang. Ex.

Evin Gohardasht Gohardasht Shiraz Dezful Qom

F.s. Hang. F.s. Hang. Ex. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang. Ex. Ex.

Aug. 16, 88 Gohardasht Dec. 88 Nov. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 1988 Nov. 88 Nov. 88 Dec. 88 Tehran Hamedan Semann Adel Abad Tehran Qazvin Tehran Tehran

Seyyed M.Hossein 25 Abdolreza (Kambiz) 26 Alireza (Kamran) Kia Kimi Kiomars Nossratollah Khalil Ali Manouchehr Manuchehr Gholamreza 25

F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s.

Dec. 16, 88 Evin Aug. 9, 88 Aug. 12, 88 Gohardasht Aus. 88 Feb. 17, 89 1988 H.s.dip. Oct. 88 Aug. 88 Shiraz B.s. Jan. 89 Gohardasht Shiraz Evin Rasht Evin Shiraz

Hang. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s.

Shaban Behzad (Ali) Hamid Fariba

32 27

M M Rasht M

29

152

A List of Victims

R 555 556 557 558 559 560 561 562 563 564 565 566 567 568 569 570 571 572 573 574 575 576 577 578 579 580 581 582 583 584 585 586 587

Surname Chardah Cherik Charhar Mahalli Charooseh Chartabi Chehreh Azad Chehri Chenari Cheraghi Cheraghi Cheraghi Choobdar Choobian Dadgar Dadgar Dadgar Dadkhah Dadseresht Dadsetan Daknama Daknama Dalili Daliri Dalman Dalvand Damghanian Damghanian Danaii Danesh- Abkenari Daneshvar Daniali Daniali Dankoub Dar-afarin

Name Gholam Shah Touraj Massoud Samad Abolfazl Zabihollah Amir Rahman Karim Mohammad Reza Ibrahim Kourosh Amir Majid Massoumeh Rassoul Saeed Zari Afaq Majid Hamid Parviz Hassan Hassan Hassan Reza M.Ibrahim Khossrow Mohammad-reza Saeed Sohail Hassan Ardalan

Age Sex 22 30 28

POB

Edu. H.s.s. P.dip. H.s.s.

Date Sep. 88 1988 1988 Aug. 88 Aug. 88

Place Gachsaran Shiraz Ahvaz Evin Evin Gohardasht Tehran Gohardasht

Method F.s. Hang. F.s. Hang. Hang. F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s.

M Gachsaran M M Abadan M M

26

M Harsin M

Sep. 88 Dec. 88

22

M Kouchesfahan M

Aug. 9, 88 1988 1988

28 29

M Khorram Abad M Tehran M Tehran H.s.dip. Univ. S. B.s.

Aug. 88 Dec. 88 Sep. 88 Oct. 16, 88 Oct. 16, 88 1988

Gohardasht Evin Evin

Hang. F.s. Expl. Hang. Hang.

30

M Kerman M F M

Adel Abad Hamedan Rasht Evin Shiraz Rasht Rasht Gohardasht Gohardasht Mashad Gohardasht Semnan Rasht Evin Evin Gohardasht Gorgan Evin

F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. Ex. F.s. Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang. F.s. Hang. F.s. Hang. F.s. Hang.

30 21 30 26 26 17 24 26 26

M Hamedan F F Roodsar Shiraz

B.s. H.s.s. Univ. S. Univ. S.

Aug. 11, 88 Sep. 88 Oct. 23, 88 Aug. 88 Jan. 89

M Shiraz M Astaneh Ashrafieh M Astaneh Ashrafieh M Tehran M Tehran M Semnan M

H.s.s. H.s.s. H.s.s. H.s.dip.

1988 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Sep. 88 Aug. 88

28 29 30 21 23

M Semnan M Abkenar-anzali M M M Tehran M Gorgan

H.s.dip. H.s.dip. Univ. S. H.s.s. H.s.s.

Oct. 23, 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Nov. 88 Nov. 88 1988

23

M Lahijan

H.s.s.

Aug. 88

153

Crime Against Humanity

R 588 589 590 591 592 593 594 595 596 597 598 599 600 601 602 603 604 605 606 607 608 609 610 611 612 613 614 615 616 617 618 619 620

Surname Darabi Darabi Darabi Darabi Darabi Darabi Darabi Darafarin Darbari Daroodi Daroodi Darvish Noori Darvishi Darvishvand Daryabari Dashtban Dashti Dastian Davachi Davari Davari Davood-pour Davood-zadeh Davoodi Davoodi Davoodi Davoodi Davoodi Davoodi Dehdar Dehghan Dehghani Dehghani

Name Hamid Hamid-reza Reza Mohsen Massoud Mansour Mansoureh Ardakan Mehdi Abdoullah Ali Mohammad Abdol Rahman Mohammad

Age Sex 26 28

POB

Edu. H.s.dip. H.s.dip.

Date Dec. 8, 88 Aug. 88 Oct. 88

Place Evin Tehran Boroujerd

Method F.s. Hang. Hang. Hang. F.s. Hang. Tor. Hang. F.s. Hang. Hang.

M Tehran M Tehran M Broujerd M Broujerd

B.s. H.s.s H.s.s. H.s. Dip. H.s.s. H.s.s. H.s.s. Ph.d. H.s. Dip. H.s. Dip.

Sep. 23, 88 Boroujerd Nov. 88 Boroujerd

25

M Broujerd M Broujerd

Sep. 23, 88 Boroujerd Sep. 88 Aug. 88 1988 Aug. 88 1988 Aug. 88 Aug. 11, 88 1988 1988 Gohardasht Gohardasht Boroujerd Evin Shiraz Gohardasht

24 25 18 24

M Broujerd M Lahijan M Fasa M Tehran M

28

M Karaj M Tavalesh-rasht

Hang. Hang.

29

M Masjid Solaiman

Masjid Soleiman F.s. Evin Adelabad Evin Amol Evin Zanjan Gohardasht Orumieyeh Rasht Tehran Babol Tehran Tehran Babol Gohardasht Shiraz Ex. Ex. Hang. Ex. Hang. F.s. Hang. Hang. F.s. Hang. F.s. Hang. F.s. Hang. Hang. Ex. Hang. Orumieh F.s. F.s.

Heydar Fariba Akbar Jamshid Gholam-reza Mohammad-taghi Mohsen 29 25 24 25 27

M F Abadan H.s.s. H.s.s. P. Dip. B.s. H.s. Dip. H.s.s. H.s.s.

1988 Sep. 88 Nov. 88 Aug. 88 Sep. 88 Sep. 88 Sep. 88 Oct. 88 1988 H.s.dip. Jul. 29, 88 1988 H.s.s. 1988 Aug. 88 H.s.s. Jul. 30, 88 Aug. 88 H.s. Dip P. Dip. H.s.s Aug. 88 Oct. 4, 88

M Babol M Tehran M Zanjan M Tehran M Makoo

Jalal Hossein Reza Tahereh M.Ibrahim Taqi Parviz Hossein Massoud Yadollah 30 31 23 26 27 29 32 25

M M Babol M Varamin F M Babol M Tehran M M Borazjan M Makou M

Aug. 16, 88 Rasht

154

A List of Victims

R 621 622 623 624 625 626 627 628 629 630 631 632 633 634 635 636 637 638 639 640 641 642 643 644 645 646 647 648 649 650 651 652 653

Surname Dehghani Dehghanzadeh Dehkhar Qani Dehnad Dehnadi Dehpanah Delavar Delavari Deliri Deliri Deljouii Sabet Delkash Delkash Delkhosh Delsouzi Delzendeh Denarood Derakhshani- Nia Dezfuli Deziani Dibaii Diyanat Diyanat Diyari Dolfi Donyavi Doorandish Doost Mohammadi Dorkhah Dorostkar Doroud Doroudi-ashkiki Doroudian

Name Ali Akbar Mahmoud Soheila Hadi Ahmad Amanollah

Age Sex 29 24 M

POB

Edu. Univ. S. H.s. Dip B.s. H.s. Dip. H.s. Dip. Univ. S.

Date Aug. 88 Oct. 88 1988 Aug. 6, 88 Dec. 88 1988 Sep. 88

Place Evin Ahwaz

Method Hang. F.s. F.s.

M Ahwaz F

27 31 26

M Lahijan M Tehran M

Gohardasht Evin Mashad

Hang. Hang. Hang.

Gonbad-e Kavous Ex. Semnan Rasht Gohardasht Gohardasht Gohardasht Karaj F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang. F.s. Hang. Hang. F.s. Hang. F.s. Hang. F.s. Ex. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang. F.s. Hang. F.s.

Gholamreza Maryam Massoud Mohammad Reza Faramarz Farhad Mohammad Reza Akbar Iraj Rahim Mehri Ramin 23 21 27 23 25 25 24 24

M F Rasht H.s.s. H.s. Dip H.s.s. H.s.s. H.s. Dip. H.s.s. H.s. Dip.

Nov. 88 Nov. 88 Aug. 3, 88 Aug. 4, 88 Oct. 88 1988 1988

M Tehran M Lahijan M Tehran M Karaj M Lahijan M M M F M M Shahrood M Rasht M Tehran

Aug. 16, 88 Mashad Aug. 88 Oct. 88 Evin Dezful Tehran Evin Evin Rashat Evin Evin

H.s.s. H.s.s. H.s.s. S.

Nov. 88 Oct. 8, 88 Sep. 88 Nov. 10, 88 1988

Mohammad Hassan 26 Reza Fatollah Ghasem Mehdi Sakineh Gholam Rassoul Mahmoud Ali Hamid Abdoul-rassoul Sirang Mohammad Rashid Hossein 30 26 30 28 24 26 35 29 33 22

M Tehran M Fasa F Abadan

H.s.dip. H.s.s. H.s. Dip. H.s.s. Univ. S. Univ. S.

Aug. 88

Sep. 30, 88 Shiraz Sep. 19, 88 Ahwaz Aug. 5, 88 Zahedan

M Zahedan M Zahedan M Semnan M M Rasht M M Rasht M

Aug. 17, 88 Evin Nov. 88 1988 Tehran Shiraz Gohardasht Qezel Hesar Gohardasht

H.s.dip. Univ. S. H.s. Dip.

Aug. 88 Nov. 88 1988 1988

155

Crime Against Humanity

R 654 655 656 657 658 659 660 661 662 663 664 665 666 667 668 669 670 671 672 673 674 675 676 677 678

Surname Doroudian Doroudian Dowlatabadi Dowlatabadi Dowlatabadi (Female) Dowlati Dowlati Nowdeh Dowlati Nowdeh Dowlatshahi Ebad Ebadi Ebadi Ebadi Ebadi Lari Ebrahim-nia Ebrahimi Ebrahimi Ebrahimi Ebrahimi Ebrahimi Ebrahimi Ebrahimi Ebrahimi Godarzi Ebrahimi Savareh Ebrahimi-nezhad Baloochi

Name Mohammad- Ali Mostafa Ahmad Mahmoud

Age Sex 29 27

POB

Edu. Univ. S. H.s.s.

Date Aug. 88 Aug. 88 1988

Place Evin Gohardasht

Method Hang. Hang. Ex.

M Tehran M M

31

M Sabzevar

P. Dip.

Nov. 88 Nov. 88

Vakilabad Sabzevar Kermanshah

Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s.

Mohammad Ramezan Ali Qanbar 32 30

M Kermanshah M Gorgan M Gorgan

H.s. Dip. H.s. Dip.

Aug. 1, 88

Aug. 23, 88 Gorgan Dec. 88 Nov. 88 Gorgan

Yadollah 27 Bahman Mahmoud Farhad Ashghar Jalal Hassan Hamid Saeid Karim Nasser Azizollah Ali Bahman 30 33 22 30 28 25 27 23 20 30 27 32

M Tonekabon M Tehran M Tehran Shiraz M Abadan M Nooshahr M M Songhor Kolyaei M Tehran M Shahrood M Songhor Kolyaei M Tehran M Tehran M Ashtarinan M Tehran M Rasht H.s.dip. B.s. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. S H.s.dip. S S S H.s.s. H.s.dip.

1988 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 1988 Jul. 30, 88 1988 1988 1988 1988 Dec. 88 1988 1988 Aug. 88 Nov. 88 Aug. 88 Jul. 30, 88

Rasht Evin Evin Shiraz Evin Noushahr Evin Tehran Evin Shahrood Tehran Evin Evin Khorram Abad Evin Gohardasht

F.s. Ex. Ex. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. Ex. F.s. F.s. Ex. F.s. Hang. F.s. Hang. Hang.

679 680 681 682 683 684 685

Ebrahimian Ebrahimian Edalat Edalati Edareh Eftekhari Eftekhari

Hamid Hadi Hossein Ahmad

30 23

M Shahrood M Shahrood M

S H.s.dip.

1988 1988 Sep. 88

Evin Shahrood Tehran Somee-sara Shiraz Tehran Tehran

F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. Ex. Ex. Hang.

28

M Rasht M M M Tehran

S. S H.s.s.

1988 Oct. 88 Sep. 88 Aug. 9, 88

Mohammad-reza Massoud

30 23

156

A List of Victims

R 686 687 688 689 690 691 692 693 694 695 696 697 698 699 700 701 702 703 704 705 706 707 708 709 710 711 712 713 714 715 716 717 718

Surname Ehsan Ehsani Ehsani Ehsani Ehterami Eidipour Eidipour Eidipour Einaavi Einolyaqin Eivazi Ekhtiardoost Ekhtiari Elahi Emad Emadi Emadi Chashmi Emadzadeh Emami Emami Emami Emami Emami Emami Emami Enayat-pour Entesari Tatfi Eqbali Namin Eqbali Namin Erfanian Eshaghian Esfandiari Esfandiari

Name Soheila Davood Reza Massoud Seyyed Mehdi

Age Sex 26 30 50 F

POB

Edu. H.s.dip. H.s. Dip S

Date Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 1988 Oct. 88 Nov. 88 Nov. 88 Nov. 88

Place Rasht Evin Mashad Adel Abad Havaz Shiraz Shiraz Shiraz Ahwaz Evin Tehran Orumieh Kerend Gohardasht Shiraz Tehran Qaemshahr Evin Isfahan Evin Evin Tehran Zanjan Zanjan

Method Ex. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang. Hang. Ex. Ex. Hang. Hang. F.s. F.s. Hang. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex.

M Tehran M Mashad M Nayriz M Behbahan F M M Shiraz

Mohammad Zohreh Alireza Rajab

24 34 28 30

M Ahvaz F Isfahan

H.s. S. B.s. H.s. Dip. H.s.dip. S H.s. Dip.

Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Oct. 88 Aug. 6. 88 1988 Sep. 88

M Tehran M Salmas M M Shiraz M M Tehran M Qaemshahr M Kermanshah M M Qazvin M M M Abhar M Abhar M Sangsar Amol M Tehran M M Tehran F M Sabzevar M M Tehran

Mohammad Ali Mahmoud Seyyed Taher

30 27

Seyyed Hojjatollah 31 Youssef Akbar Saeid Mohammad Mehrdad Nassrollah Hedayatollah Ahmad Farshid Mehran Nematollah Shohreh Saeid Hossein Mostafa 29 27 26 30 28 25 25 35 35 28 30 33

B.s. Univ. S. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. B.s. S H.s.dip. H.s. S. H.s.dip. B.s. Univ.s H.s.dip. H.s.dip.

Dec. 88 1988 Aug. 6, 88 Aug. 2, 88 Nov. 88 Nov. 88 Jan. 89 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Sep. 88 Nov. 88

Masjid Soleiman Ex. Sari Gohardasht Tehran Gohardasht F.s. Hang. Ex. Hang. Hang. Ex. Ex. Hang.

Aug. 25, 88 Evin 1988 1988 Aug. 88 Sabzevar Qezel Hesar Evin

157

Crime Against Humanity

R 719 720 721 722 723 724 725 726 727 728 729 730 731 732 733 734 735 736 737 738 739 740 741 742 743 744 745 746 747 748 749 750 751

Surname Esfandiari (Jafari) Esfandiari Noori Esfarayeni Eshghi Eshghi Eskandari Eskandari Eskandari Eskandari Doorbi Eskandari Tazkieii Eslambolchi Eslami Eslami Eslami Eslami Eslami Eslami Eslami Moqaddam Esmail Poor Esmaili Esmaili Esmaili Esmaili Esmaili Esmaili Esmaili Esmaili Esmaili Esmaili Esmaili Esmaili Esmaili Eyvanaki Esmailian

Name Davood Farshad Shahriar Ahmad

Age Sex 27 31 26 30 25

POB

Edu. H.s.dip. B.s., Usa H.s.s.

Date Aug. 88 Aug. 88 1988 1988

Place Gohardasht Evin Vakil-abad Ahwaz Ahwaz Gohardasht Qezel Hesar Evin Ahvaz Evin Vakil-abad Vakil Abad Ilam Vakil-abad Evin Gohardasht Vakil-abad Shiraz Isfahan Evin Isfahan Lahijan Isfahan Evin Evin Tehran Isfahan Isfahan Evin

Method Hang. Hang. Hang. F.s. Ex. Hang. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Hang. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex.

M Tehran M M Bojnoord M Abadan M Mazandaran M Tehran M Tehran M M Tehran M Qochan F

H.s.dip. S H.s.dip. H.s.s. H.s.dip. S H.s.dip. B.s. H.s.dip. H.s.s. H.s.s. S H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.s. B.s. S S

Jul. 31, 88 Jul. 30, 88 Mar. 89 Oct. 88 Sep. 88 Aug. 88 Dec. 88 1988 1988 Aug. 9, 88 Mar. 89 Mar. 89 Mar. 89 Aug. 1, 88 1989 Aug. 88 1988 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 6, 88 1988 1988 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 6, 88 Aug. 88 1988

Gholam-hossein Mohammad Mahmoud Fariborz Mitra Hamid

30 27 26 23 28 23

M Shirvan F F Ilam Shirvan

Farah Maryam Mehdi Mehran Shirin Massoud Asghar Asghar Iraj Behrooz Parvaneh Tooraj Teymoor Rassoul Saber Fatemeh Keyghobad Mahnaz Effat

25 29 28 26 26 37 30 20 28 25 22 30 35 27 25 27 22 29

M M F Shirvan

M Kerman M Shahreza M Tehran M Shahreza M Lahijan F Shahreza

M Shahreza M Isfahan M M F Shahreza

M Shahreza F F Isfahan Tehran

Aug. 25, 88 Evin Dec. 88 Shahreza

158

A List of Victims

R 752 753

Surname Esmailzadeh Esmailzadeh Mehmandoost

Name Rassoul Saber

Age Sex 27 27 M

POB

Edu. S

Date Aug. 88 Aug. 88

Place Evin Evin

Method Hang. Hang.

M Tehran

754 755 756 757 758 759 760 761 762 763 764 765 766 767 768 769 770 771 772 773 774 775 776 777 778 779 780 781 782 783

Etemad-zadeh Etemadi Etemadol-eslam Exeer Fadai Fadai Fadai Nia Fadai Tabrizi Fadavi Isfahani Fafii-naqdi Fafii-pour Kasmaii Faghari Faghfour Maghrebi Fakhar Fakhar (Male) Fakharzadeh Kermani Fakhr Fakhri Falahati Haj Zaree Falahatkar (Male) Fallah Fallah Kheirandish Fallah Pasand Fallah Pour Fallah Roshan Ghalb Fallah Tohidast Fanaii Fani Risfani Farahani Farahani

Mehran Leyla (Tayyebeh) Mostafa Hossein Iraj Ibrahim Farhang Ashraf Mohammad Mohammad Bahram Saeid Mohsen Hassan

26 31 33 28 31 38 25 25 38

M Qazvin F

H.s.dip. S H.s.dip.

Aug. 88 1988 Aug. 88 Oct. 88 Aug. 88

Qazvin Mashad Rasht Dezful Rasht Gohardasht Ahwaz

Ex. Ex. Hang. Ex. Ex. Hang. F.s. Hang. Hang. Ex. Hang. Ex. Hang. Hang. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s.

M Mashad M Dezful M Hashtpar M Sonqor Koliai M Ahwaz F Tehran

H.s. Dip H.s.s. H.s. Dip

Aug. 88 Aug. 1, 88

Aug. 15, 88 Evin Aug. 88 1988 Evin Tehran Evin Gohardasht Gohardasht Gohardasht Evin Mashad Isfahan

M Tehran M

31

M Someeh Sara M

H.s. Dip.

Aug. 88 Aug. 88

34 28

M Mashad M Tafrash

Univ. S. Univ. S.

Jul. 30, 88 Aug. 3, 88 Nov. 22, 88

Ali Seyyed Ali Nader Zahra

25 27 26 29

M Mashad M Isfahan M F Tehran

H.s.s. H.s. Dip Univ. S. H.s.s.

Aug. 2, 88 Aug. 4, 88 Nov. 88 Aug. 88 1988

Evin Evin Tehran Tehran Lahijan Vakilabad Evin Gohardasht Gohardasht Mashad Gohardasht Evin

Hang. Ex. Explo. Hang. F.s. Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang. Ex.

Sirous Mohammad Ali Ibrahim Anoush Massoud Reza Mehrdad Mohammad Faramarz Hossein

26 29 28 21 30 29 26 30 25 25

M Amol M Lahijan M Lahijan M Mashad M Lahijan M Lahijan M Tehran M Torbat Heydarieh M Tehran M Tehran

H.s. Dip Univ. S. H.s.s. H.s.s. H.s. Dip H.s. Dip H.s. Dip P. Dip.

Dec. 88 Aug. 88 Dec. 88 1988 Aug. 9, 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 9, 88 Sep. 88 Aug. 6, 88

H.s.s.

Jan. 89

159

Crime Against Humanity

R 784 785 786 787 788 789 790 791 792 793 794 795 796 797 798 799 800 801 802 803 804 805 806 807 808 809 810 811 812 813 814 815 816

Surname Farahi Farahmand Farahmand Farahmand Farahmand Farahmanesh Faraji Eskandarani Farajpour Farajpour Faramarzi Fard (Pahlavan Aziz) Fard Raisi Fard Saeidi Fardi Pour Fardi Pour Farhadi Farhadi Farid Faridan Fariden Isfahani Faridi Faridoni Farifteh Farjad Farmani Faroughi Farsi Farsi Faryadabadi Farzaneh Sani Fath-ali Ashtiani Fath-ali Ashtiani Fath-alian

Name Gholam Reza Mohammad Morteza Mehdi

Age Sex 31 28 29 24

POB

Edu. H.s. Dip H.s. Dip H.s. Dip H.s. Dip

Date 1988 Dec. 88 Jan. 89 1988 1988

Place Sari Adelabad Rasht Gorgan Babol Kerman Gohardasht

Method F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. Ex. Ex. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. Ex. Hang. Hang.

M Babolsar M Noorabad M Lahijan M Babol

Mahmoud Mahmoud Bijan

30 24 27

M Shahr-e Babak M Tehran M M

H.s. Dip H.s.s. H.s. Dip

Dec. 88 Aug. 88

Dec. 13, 88 Adelabad Nov. 88 Feb. 9, 89 1988 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 1988 Kermanshah Bandar Abbas Boroujerd Evin Evin

Nahid Iraj Ali Seyyed Ali Parvin Keshvar Bahram Jamshid

31 43

M M Boroujerd M

45

M Tehran F Masjid Soleiman H.s. Dip H.s. Dip H.s.s. B.s.

Masjid Soleiman F.s. Ahwaz Rasht F.s. F.s. Ex. Ex. Ahwaz Ahwaz Semnan Ahwaz Evin Evin Gohardasht Evin Evin Evin Tabriz Gohardasht Tehran Gohardasht Tehran Ex. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang. F.s. Hang. F.s. Hang. Hang.

29 25 25

M Masjid Soleiman M Shahsavar M Sanandaj Kermanshah M

Aug. 88 1988 1988 Feb. 89 1988

Sadeq Moussa

26

M Fariden M Garmsar

H.s. Dip B.s. Univ. S. B.s Univ. S. H.s. Dip Univ. S. H.s.s.

Aug. 2, 88 Nov. 88 Dec. 88 Aug. 88 Jul. 1988 Aug. 9, 88 Jul. 1988 Jul. 28, 88 Nov. 88

30 Majid Mohammad Mohammad Mohammad Reza Hassan Kazem Hassan Mehrdad Sadri Mehdi Nayyereh 24 31 26 32 26 30 26 40 27 32

Ahwaz M Lahijan M Tehran M Karaj M Mashad M Tehran M Mashad M M Tehran M M Tehran F

H.s.s.

Sep. 88 Aug. 5, 88 Nov. 88

H.s. Dip Univ. S.

Aug. 88 Sep. 88

160

A List of Victims

R 817 818 819 820 821 822 823 824 825 826 827 828 829 830 831 832 833 834 835 836 837 838 839 840 841 842 843 844 845 846 847 848 849

Surname Fath-e Zanjani Fathi Fathi Fathi Fathi Fathi Fathi-gohardaneh Fathi-gohardaneh Fathi-hafshejani Fatehi Fatemi Fatemi Fatemi Fattahi Fattahian Fayazpour Fayz Abadi Fayz Abadi Fayz Abadi Fayz Aqa Bash Fayz Shandi Fayzi Fayzi Fayzi Fazel Fazl Ali Fazl Ali Fazli Fazli Fazli Fellanic Feraydooni Fifi

Name Behzad Ahmad (Ali) Hossein Ebadollah Abbas

Age Sex 27

POB

Edu.

Date Aug. 3, 88 Nov. 88 Aug. 88

Place Gohardasht Semnan Tehran Rasht Evin Tehran

Method Hang. F.s. F.s. Ex. Hang. Ex. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. Hang. F.s. Hang. Ex. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang. Ex.

M Tehran M M Tehran

21 32

M Rasht M Tehran M Tehran

H.s.s. H.s. Dip B.s. H.s. Dip H.s. Dip H.s. Dip H.s. Dip Univ. S. Univ. S. H.s. Dip H.s.s. Univ. S.

1988 Aug. 8, 88 1988

Assieh Hossein Saeid Taher

29 26 27 29

Lahijan

Sep. 13, 88 Evin Aug. 88 1988 Jul. 30, 88 Aug. 2, 88 Aug. 88 1988 Feb. 24, 89 1988 Jul. 30, 88 Evin Isfahan Gohardasht Ahwaz Evin Saveh Islamabad Evin Khorramabad Evin Sabzevar

M Lahijan M Hafshejan M Bandar Anzali M Behbahan M Saveh M Saveh M Islamabad F M Shahr-e Kord

Seyyed Mohammad 30 Seyyed Hossein Seyyed Mohsen Mehdi Soheila Reza Gholamhassan Mohammad Gholamhossein Bahram Shirin Bahram Shahriar Ali Reza Ebrahim Hossein Ali Reza Hassan Hossein Ali Reza Ali Reza Mehdi Bahram 29 27 29 27 21 26 23 25 24 28 25 26 27 30 27 65 28

M Arak M Sabzevar M Arak M Tehran F M Azarbaijan M Ardebil M Tabriz M Rasht M Tehran M Tehran M Zanjan M Tehran M M Tehran M Tehran M

H.s. Dip H.s. Dip Univ. S.

Aug. 88 Aug. 88

Aug. 13, 88 Gohardasht Aug. 88 Evin Evin Evin Evin Tabriz Evin Evin Evin Zanjan Evin Tehran Gohardasht Gohardasht Gohardasht

Univ. S.

Aug. 88 Sept. 88

Univ. S. H.s. Dip H.s.s. H.s.s. H.s.s. H.s.s. H.s.s.

Aug. 3, 88 Sep. 88 Aug. 88 Nov. 1988 Aug. 88 Nov. 1988 1988 Nov. 1988

P. Dip. H.s.s.

Aug. 3, 88 Nov. 88 1988

161

Crime Against Humanity

R 850 851 852 853 854 855 856 857 858 859 860 861 862 863 864 865 866 867 868 869 870 871 872 873 874 875 876 877 878 879 880 881 882

Surname Firouz Jaiyan Firouzi Firouzi Firouzi Firouzmand Forghanian Formgah Foroutan Forouzan

Name Ali Zaman Reza Abbas Mahtab Gholam Hassan Majid Ata Ali

Age Sex 26 25 29 23

POB

Edu. H.s.s. H.s.s. Univ. S. H.s.s.

Date 1988 Oct. 88 Nov. 11, 88 Sep. 88 Nov. 88

Place Sari Evin Tehran Evin

Method F.s. Hang. F.s. Ex. F.s.

M Babol M Tehran M Arak F M Tehran

33

M Fouman M M Tehran

H.s. Dip

Nov. 88 Nov. 88 Aug. 88

Rasht Evin Gohardasht Rasht Isfahan Shiraz Evin Rasht Dezful Evin

Hang. F.s. Hang. F.s. Tor. Hang. Ex. Hang. F.s. Hang. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang.

13 24 35

M Rasht M Hafshejan M Kazeroun M Isfahan

H.s.s. H.s. Dip H.s. Dip

Nov. 10, 88 Aug. 4, 88 Nov. 88 Nov. 88

Forouzandeh Hafshejani Saeid Forsat Fouladi Fouladi Fouladvand Gani Ganjeii Ganjikhani Garmroudi Geledar Geraili Gerami Geran Payeh Ghaemi Dizaji Ghaffar Rashidi Ghaffari Ghaffari Ghaffari Ghaffari Ghaffari Ghaffari Ghaffari Koucheksarai Ghaffarian Ghaffarzadegan Bahram Ramezan Mehrdad Karim Yazdan Hamid Hamid Saeid Abdol Hakim Hadi Javad Mohammad Mehdi Saeid Davar Mohammad Javad Behnam Hadi Rahim Habib Behrouz Behrouz Manouchehr

27 27

M Rasht M Andimeshk M

Univ. S. H.s.s.

Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88

27 25 26

M Rasht M Tehran M Arak M

H.s.s. H.s.s. H.s. Dip.

Dec. 21, 88 Rasht Aug. 88 Oct. 88 Dec. 88 1988 Evin Arak Khorramabad Qaemshahr Isfahan Hamedan Tabriz Qaemshahr Tehran Adelabad Gohardasht Mashad

26 26 24 23 29 24

M Qaemshahr M Shahreza M Hamedan M Disaj Oskoo M Qaemshahr M Yassouj M H.s.s. H.s.s. H.s. Dip. H.s. Dip

1988 1988 Aug. 88 1988 1988 Aug. 88 Aug. 88

27 29 28 29 31

M M Taybad M M Tehran M Qaemshahr M Tehran H.s.s. P.dip. H.s.s.

Aug. 88 1988 Aug. 88 1988 Aug. 88

Evin Mazandaran Gohardasht Ardebil

Hang. F.s. Hang. F.s.

26

M Ardebil

H.s. Dip

Nov. 88

162

A List of Victims

R 883 884 885 886 887 888 889

Surname Ghaffouri Gharib Ghafouri Rashtabadi Ghanimati Alkarizi Ghaybshavi Ghayoumi Pour Ghayour Najafabadi Ghayouri Nasir Mahalleh

Name Hassan Lida Mojtaba Jalil Farzaneh Ebrahim Ebrahim

Age Sex 26 22 28 28

POB

Edu. H.s.s. H.s.s. Univ. S. H.s. Dip

Date 1988

Place Vakilabad

Method Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. Ex. Hang. Hang.

M Mashad F Rasht

Sep. 23, 88 Rasht Nov. 4, 88 1988 Sep. 88 Evin Dezful Tehran Gohardasht Gohardasht

M Tehran M M Roudsar

30 24

M Najafabad M Shaft

Univ. S. H.s. Dip

Aug. 88 Jul. 30, 88

890

Ghazanfar pour Moghaddam

Alireza

27

M Karaj

Univ.s.

Jul. 31, 88

Gohardasht

Hang.

891 892 893 894 895 896 897 898 899 900 901 902 903 904 905 906 907 908 909 910 911 912 913

Ghaznavi Ghazveh Ghiyasvand Gholami Gholami Gholami Gholami Gholami Gholami Gholami Gholami Gholami Gholami Gholami Gholami Gholami Gholami Gholami Gholami (Male) Gholami Mofrad Gholamnia Gholampour Gholamrezazadeh

Katayoun Ali Mohammad Mohammad Reza Ahmad Ahmad Reza Asghar Asghar Asghar Parvin Hojjat Ollah Hojjat Ollah Khadijeh Ali Ali-asghar Golnaz (Monireh) Mohammad Nayyer Asghar 23 32 26 28 26 28 23 25 25 25 23 25 40

F M Islam Abad M M Qaemshahr M Tehran M Qaemshahr M Rasht M Gorgan F Orumieh Univ. S. H.s. Dip. H.s.s. H.s.s. H.s. Dip H.s. Dip H.s. Dip

Sep. 88 Aug. 88 1988 Sep. 88 Dec. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 1988 Aug. 88 Nov. 88 1988 H.s.s. H.s. Dip H.s. Dip H.s. Dip H.s.s. H.s. Dip Nov. 17, 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Jul. 30, 88

Tehran Islamabad Gohardasht Sari Evin Evin Tehran Evin Orumieh Evin Tehran Qaemshahr Evin Mashad Sari Somee- Sara Gohardasht Evin Salmas Evin Evin Mazandaran Isfahan

F.s. F.s. Ex. Hang. F.s. Hang. Hang. Hang. F.s. Hang. F.s. Ex. F.s. Hang. Hang.

M Abadan M Tehran F Qaemshahr

M Tehran M Mashad F Qaemshahr

M Someh Sara F Kermanshah

Hang. Hang. F.s. Hang. Hang. F.s. Hang.

M Lahijan

Habib (Hamed) Ali

33 23

M Mashad M Tehran Ghadikolah

H.s.s. H.s.s.

1988 Aug. 88 1988

Gholamreza

27

M Abadan

H.s. Dip

Aug. 88

163

Victims of 1988 Massacre

Mohsen Abdolhosseini Ruzbehani

Abdolhossein Abdollahi

AmirAbdollahi

Naji Afradi

Ali Afzalpour

Massoud Alai Khastou

Qasem Alouki

Jamshid Asadi

Mansour Asghari

Sirous Asghari

Mahmoud Asgharzadeh

Shahrbanou Attarzadeh

Safdar Azadmehr

Mehdi Azim Zadeh Turk

Shapour Aziz Zadeh Maleki

Ibrahim Bahadori Qashghaei Kashkooli

164

victims of 1988 Massacre

Mohsen Bahrami Farid

Hamid Reza Bakhshi Tari

Abdulsattar Bamoniri

Morteza Barz Abadi Farahani

Abbas Bazyarpour

Amir Mehran Beegham

Ismail Bighlari

Zahra Bijanyar

Ali Akbar (Manuchehr) Bozorgh Bashar

Massoud Charooseh

Mohammad Ebrahim Danai

Massoud Darabi

Fariba Dashti

Sakineh Dolfi

Hamid Doost Mohammadi

Rashid Doroudi Ashkiki

165

Victims of 1988 Massacre

Mahmoud Dowlat Abadi

Ali Akbar Ebrahimpour

Effat Esmaili Eyvanaki

Massoud Esmailpour

Farah Eslami

Mahmoud Faraji Eskandari

Mohammad (Massoud) Farjad

Hassan Farsi

Hossein Fathi Ghohardaneh

Asieh Fathi Gohardaneh

Hassan Fazli

Abbas Firoozi

Hossein Forghanian

Ali (Behrooz) Ganjeh Khosravi

Behrooz Ganjikhani

Davar Ghaffarzadeghan

166

victims of 1988 Massacre

Lida Ghafoori Rasht Abadi

Mojtaba Ghanimati

Ali Asghar Gholami

Ahmad Gholami

Parviz Goodarzi

Ferdous Habib Akhbari

Jaber Habibi

Behzad Hadi Beighi

Amir Houshang Hadikhanlou

Morteza Hadizadeh

Hamid Haghi Monie

Mohammad Hossein Haghighatgoo

Ali Naqi Haghighian Roodsari

Gholam Abbas Haghshenas

Fereshteh Hamidi

Gholam Reza Hassanpour Kasma

167

Crime Against Humanity

R 914 915 916 917 918 919 920 921 922 923 924 925 926 927 928 929 930 931 932 933 934 935 936 937 938 939 940 941 942 943 944 945 946

Surname Gilvaii Goharnia Gol Allah Pour Gol Mohammadi Golabi Golabzadeh Golbarg Golchin Golchin Golchini (Female) Goldan Goldan Goldari Golestan Hashemi Golestani Goli Golij Golij Golpaygani Golpaygani Golpaygani Golpaygani Golshaii Golshaii Golzadeh Ghafouri Golzadeh Ghafouri Gorgani Gorgani Gorji Gorji Gorji Gorji Nia Goudarzi

Name Qodrat Farideh Hossein Ezzatollah Mahmoud Mohammad Bahram Khadijeh Ali

Age Sex

POB

Edu.

Date 1988

Place

Method F.s.

M Kouchesfahan 23 F M 28 24 23 28 23 30 M Hafshejan M Shahreza M Isfahan M Kermanshah F M Tehran H.s.s. H.s. Dip. H.s.s. H.s. Dip. H.s.s. Kermanshah H.s.s.

Sep. 88 Aug. 88 Jul. 30, 88 Aug. 4, 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Nov. 88 Aug. 88 Oct. 88 1988 1988 1988

Gohardasht Gohardasht Isfahan Isfahan Isfahan Gohardasht Karaj Evin Bandar Anzali Adelabad Shiraz Fars Shiraz Shiraz

Hang. Hang. F.s. F.s.

Hang. F.s. Hang. Ex. Ex. F.s. Ex. Hang. Ex. Hang. Hang. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang. Hang. F.s.

Razieh Marzieh Yassin Seyyed M.Reza Kamal Ali Khodayar Ali Iraj Hassan Mohammad Mohammad Reza Hassan Ali Qassem Ali Hossein Maryam Zahra Saeid Ahmad Ali Mohammad

40 40 27 33 33

F F

Shiraz Shiraz

M Goldar, Fars F M Isfahan M Univ. S. Univ. S.

Aug. 88 1988

Aug. 16, 88 Mashad H.s.s. H.s.s. H.s. Dip. H.s. Dip. H.s. Dip. Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 4, 88 Jan. 89 Gohardasht Gohardasht Isfahan Garmsar

27 23 22 25 33

M Tonekabon M Tonekabon M Golpaygan M Garmsar M Garmsar M

Dec. 21, 88 Semnan Aug. 88 Evin Zahedan Zahedan Gohardasht Evin Shahroud Gohardasht Gohardasht Evin

22 24

M Zabol M Zabol M Tehran

H.s. Dip. H.s. Dip.

Aug. 6, 88 Aug. 6, 88 Aug. 88

29 28 28 30 29

F F

Tehran Shahroud

Univ. S. H.s. Dip. Univ. S. H.s. Dip. Univ. S.

Dec. 88 1988 Jul. 27, 88 Jul. 30, 88 Oct. 88 Sep. 88

M Mashad M Zarand Saveh M M

Javad Bahram

26 24

M Bamdar Anzali M Tehran

H.s.s. H.s.s.

Aug. 88 1988

Evin Tehran

F.s. F.s.

168

A List of Victims

R 947 948 949 950 951 952 953 954 955 956

Surname Goudarzi Goudarzi Goudarzi Goudarzi Goudarzi Goudarzi Goudarzi Goudarzi Goudarzi Goudarzi

Name Parviz Parviz Parviz Hojjat Ollah Hassan Shahbaz Ali Kiomars Mirza Minoo

Age Sex 33

POB

Edu. P. Dip.

Date Aug. 88 1988 1988

Place Kermanshah Tehran Tehran Gohardasht

Method F.s. Ex. Ex. Hang. F.s.

M Kermanshah M Tehran M Hamedan M Khorramabad M

Univ. S.

Aug. 88 Nov. 88

30

M M M

P. Dip.

Nov. 23, 88 1988 Oct. 88 Nov. 88

Adelabad Khorramabad Arak Khorramabad Adelabad

Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. Ex.

28 25

M Boroujerd F Noorabad, Mamassani Univ. S.

Jan. 21, 89

957 958 959 960 961 962 963 964 965 966 967 968 969 970 971 972 973 974 975 976 977 978

Govaraii Haeri Habib Akhyari Habib Rad (Habib Poor) Habibi Habibi Hadian Hadian Hadian Hadibeigi Hadidi Hadikhanlou Hadikhanlou Hadipour Hadipour Hadizadeh Hadvand Mirzai Hafezinia Haghani Haghani Haghdoost Haghi

Ali Parvin Ferdous

30 29 26

M Qazvin F F M Isfahan

H.s. Dip. M.s. Univ. S.

Jan. 89 Sep. 88 Aug. 88 Sep. 88

Qazvin Tehran Isfahan Evin Evin Evin Evin Hamedan Hamedan Kermanshah Isfahan Evin Tehran Ahvaz Ahvaz Ahvaz Evin Evin Rasht Babol Rasht Tabriz

F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. Ex. Hang. F.s. Hang. Hang. F.s. F.s. Ex. F.s.

Ibrahim Jaber Hamid-reza Karim Hadi Behzad Mohammad Taqi Amir-houshang Bijan Seyyed Ahmad Seyyed Hamid Morteza Ruhollah Mohammad Ali Hossein Ali Mahboob Mehdi

31 26

M Tehran M Marand M

Univ. S. H.s.dip.

Aug. 88 Aug. 88 1988

31 23 29 24 62

M Nahavand M Nahavand M Kermanshah M Isfahan M Orumeih M

P. Dip.

1988 1988

H.s. Dip. H.s.dip. H.s. S. Univ. S. Univ. S Univ. S H.s. Dip. S. S H.s.dip.

Sep. 88 Aug. 4, 88 Oct. 88 1988 1988 Sep. 88 Nov. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Nov. 88 1988 Aug. 88

37 37 22 25 25 27 24

M M Shoushtar M Ahvaz M Varamin M M Lahijan M Babol F Astara

18

M Tabriz

1988

169

Crime Against Humanity

R 979 980 981 982 983 984 985 986 987 988 989 990 991 992 993 994 995 996 997 998 999

Surname Haghi Monie Haghigaht Khou Haghighat Haghighatgoo Haghighi Haghighi Haghighi Haghighi Haghighi Fard Haghighian Haghighian Roodsari Haghighian Roodsari Haghshenas Haghverdi Mamghani Hahsemi

Name Hamid Yahya Hassan

Age Sex 23

POB

Edu. H.s.dip.

Date Nov. 88 Aug. 88 1988

Place Tabriz Lahijan

Method Hang. F.s. F.s.

M Tabriz M Lahijan M M Tehran M

Mohammad Hossein 30 Saeid Shahin Aghil Manzar Mohammad Majid Zahra Alinaghi Gholamabbas Ali Saied 29 29 28 26 36 33 24 26 23 30

B.s. H.s.dip.

Aug. 3, 88 Aug. 88 1988

Tehran Evin Rasht Evin Evin Tehran Isfahan Gohardasht Roodsar Shiraz Evin Evin Gohardasht Gohardasht Zanjan Evin Evin Gohardasht Evin Shiraz Shiraz Shiraz Shiraz Rasht Tehran Tehran Tehran Ahwaz Adel Abad Gohardasht

F.s. Hang. F.s. Hang. Ex. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. Ex. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s.

F M Qaemshahr M Tehran M M Isfahan F Roodsar Univ. S. Univ. S. H.s.dip. S. Univ. S. B.s. P.dip. Univ. S. Univ.s. B.s.

Aug. 88 1988 Sep. 88 1988 Nov. 88 1988 Sep. 88 Aug. 3, 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 9, 88 Aug. 88 Sep. 88

M Roodsar M Fasa M Mamghan Tabriz M Tehran M M Abhar M Abhar F

Haj Abdoldazim Naraghi Mohammad Haj Aghaei Hajaghaei Hajakbari Hajali Haji Abolghasem Behrooz Soheila Mahboobeh Ali Nasser

26

F M Karaj

H.s.dip.

Nov. 88 Aug. 9, 88

1000 Haji Asgari 1001 Haji Isfahani Jahromi 1002 Haji Isfahani Jahromi 1003 Haji Isfahani Jahromi 1004 Haji Isfahani Jahromi 1005 Haji Salehi 1006 Hajia Nejat 1007 Hajian 1008 Hajian (Hajinezhad) 1009 Hajian Gallehdar Asl 1010 Hajiani 1011 Hajinezhad

23

M Zanjan M M M M

H.s.dip.

Jan. 89 Dec. 88 Dec. 88 Dec. 88 Dec. 88

Ali Asgahr Leila Nila Leila Fatemeh Hamid Ali

27 26 23 25 29

M Lahijan F F F F Abadan Tehran Tehran

H.s.dip. H.s.dip

Jan. 89 Nov. 88 1988

S H.s.dip. H.s.dip. Univ. S.

Nov. 88 1988 1988 Nov. 1, 88

M Shiraz 28 M Khoy

170

A List of Victims

Surname

Name Leila (Sediqeh) Massoud Zohreh Zohreh Alireza Sirous Shahriar Kheyrollah

Age Sex F 20 25 25 32

POB

Edu.

Date Sep. 88

Place Tehran Shiraz Evin Tehran Tehran Tehran Evin Tehran Behbahan Evin Hamedan Kerend

Method F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. Ex. Ex. Hang. F.s. Hang

1012 Hajizadeh 1013 Hajizadeh 1014 Hajmiresmaili 1015 Hajmohammadi 1016 Hajsamadi 1017 Hakimi 1018 Hakimi 1019 Halali 1020 Halvaii 1021 Hamed Heydar Doost 1022 Hamedai 1023 Hamedani 1024 Hamedani-faraz 1025 Hamedi 1026 Hamidi 1027 Hamidi 1028 Hamidi 1029 Hammami 1030 Hamzeh Louian 1031 Hamzehii 1032 Hanaii 1033 Hanaii 1034 Hanif 1035 Hanif Zadeh 1036 Hanifeh Poor Ziba 1037 Hanifi (Hanif) 1038 Hariri 1039 Hariri 1040 Hariri 1041 Hariri 1042 Hariri 1043 Hariri 1044 Hariri

M Shiraz F F M Ardebil M

H.s.s. S H.s.dip. Univ.s.

Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Sep. 88 Aug. 88 Nov. 1988

27

M Tehran M Behbahan

Univ. S.

Nov. 18, 88 1988 Aug. 88

Nader Hassan Farhad Morteza Gholi Zahra Soheila Fereshteh Mohammad Mohammad Fatemeh Mohsen Mohammad Reza

25 33 17 29 24 23 23 24 30 23 30 27

M Tehran M Sanandaj M Kerend M Hamedan M F F F Tehran Tehran

S H.s. Dip. S. P. Dip. S S S S H.s.dip. H.s.dip Univ. S.

Aug. 88 1988 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Sep. 88 Oct. 88 Sep. 88 Aug. 88

Evin Evin Evin Evin Vakil Abad

Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang. F.s. Hang. Hang. Hang. F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang.

M Qochan M Arak F M F Mashad Tehran

Sep. 23, 88 Arak Sep. 88 Sep. 88 Aug. 88 Nov. 3, 88 Tehran Vakil Abad Mashad Orumeieh Dezful

Fereidoon Daryoush Roghieh Ahmad Jafar Khalil Abbas Mohsen Massoud Massoud

21 26 30 17 28 21

M Dezful M Tehran F M M Zanjan M Zanjan M Tehran

H.s.dip S S S H.s.dip. S Ph.d H.s.s. H.s.dip.

1988

Aug. 13, 88 Gohardasht Sep. 88 Oct. 88 Nov. 26, 88 1988 Nov. 88 Nov. 88 Oct. 88 Dec. 88 Tehran Evin Evin Zanjan Karaj Rasht Tehran Mashad

25 28

M Rahst M M

171

Crime Against Humanity

Surname

Name Maqsoud Mansour Yaghoub Massoud

Age Sex M 33

POB

Edu. Ph.d Ph.d

Date Oct. 88 Nov. 88 Aug. 88

Place Rasht Gohardasht Zanjan Evin

Method F.s. Hang. F.s. Hang.

1045 Hariri 1046 Hariri 1047 Hariri 1048 Haririan 1049 Hasanvand 1050 Hashemi 1051 Hashemi 1052 Hashemi 1053 Hashemi 1054 Hashemi 1055 Hashemi 1056 Hashemi 1057 Hashemi 1058 Hashemi 1059 Hashemi Baajgirani 1060 Hashemian 1061 Hashemian 1062 Hashemian 1063 Hashemian 1064 Hashempour 1065 Hashtochahar 1066 Hassan 1067 Hassan Abadi 1068 Hassan Zadeh 1069 Hassan Zadeh 1070 Hassand Pour 1071 Hassani 1072 Hassani 1073 Hassani 1074 Hassani 1075 Hassani 1076 Hassani 1077 Hassani

M Rasht M Zanjan

34

M Tehran

Univ. S.

Dec. 88 1988

Masjed Suleiman F.s Hang. Tehran Evin Bushehr Gohardasht Evin Tehran Evin Tehran Isfhan Qazvin Evin Kermanshah Qazvin Shiraz Evin Rasht Mashad Langarood Evin Orumieh Tehran Evin Tehran Evin Evin Tehran Evin Hang. F.s. Hang. Hang F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. Explo. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. Hang. F.s. Ex. Ex. Hang. Hang. Hang F.s. F.s.

Amir Parvin Parivash Hossein

28 27 26 22

M Tabriz F F Tehran

Univ. S. H.s. Dip. H.s. S.

1988 1988 Aug. 88 Sep. 88

M Noshahr M Torbat Heidarieh M S.

Seyyed Jafar (Taher) 30 Mohammad Morteza Mahdokht Nasser Seyyed Jamshid Abolfazl Mohammad Mina 22 29 24 33 17 26

Aug. 88 Aug. 88

M Isfhan F M M Abadan M M Qazvin F Qazvin Qazvin Tehran

B.s. S.

Aug. 88 Dec. 88 1988

H.s. Dip. H.s. Dip. B.s. S.

Aug. 88 Sep. 88 Jan. 89 Oct. 88 Aug. 88 1988 1988

Sadrollah Ali Soheila Mehdi Qasem Mahyar Hassan Hassan Davood Seyyed Ahmad Seyyed Hassan Mohammad Mohammad Tagi Yagoub 28 32 30 24 25 30 27 28 26 35

M Shiraz M Abadan F Rasht H.s.s. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.s. P.dip.

1988 1988 Jan.89 Aug.88 1988 1988 1988

M Mashad M Langarood F Rasht

M Orumieh M Rostaieh Goran M Semnan M Tehran M Tehran M M Sahrood M Gom-ravang

H.s.dip.

1988 Aug, 88

P.dip B.s H.s.dip

Nov.88 Sep. 88 Aug.88

172

A List of Victims

Surname

Name Hamid Reza Mahmmoud Latiff Ghlamreza Fereidoon Amirhossein Ami Ali Bahram Mohsen

Age Sex M 28 25 25 23 27 30 26 23

POB

Edu.

Date Nov.88

Place Tehran Evin Tehran Gohardasht Maragheh

Method F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. Hang. F.s. Ex.

1078 Hassani Zadeh 1079 Hassani[Yak Kalam] 1080 Hassanpour 1081 Hassanpour Kama 1082 Hassanzadeh 1083 Hatami Kia 1084 Hatami Kia 1085 Hatamian 1086 Hatamian 1087 Hava-keshian 1088 Hayati 1089 Haybati 1090 Haybati 1091 Haybodi 1092 Haydar Nia Fath Abad 1093 Hazrati 1094 Hedayati 1095 Hedayati 1096 Hejazi 1097 Hejazi 1098 Hejazi 1099 Hejrati 1100 1101 1102 1103 1104 1105 1106 1107 1108 1109 1110 Hejrati Hemmati Hemmati Hemmati Hendijani Hessam Hessami Hessami Heydar Zadeh Heydari Heydari

M Tehran M Tehran M Kasmae Rasht M Maragheh M M Tehran M M Andimeshk M Isfahan M Bandar Mahshahr M Kermanshah M Kermanshah

Univ.s. S H.s.dip. P. Dip. H.s.dip

Jul.30.88 Oct. 11, 88 3 Aug. 88 Nov. 88

Aug. 23, 88 Tehran 1988 Tehran

H.s.dip. H.s.dip. B.s. H.s.s Univ. S. Univ. S.

Feb. 24, 89 1988 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 1988 Khuzistan Evin

Ex. F.s.

Ghodsieh (Hamideh) 30 Avaz Ahmad Nosrat Youssef Saeid Hossein Seyyed Reza Mohammad Seyyed Reza Mohammad Reza Mahmoud Mirzaman Vahid Aghdas Parvin Hamid-reza Farid Soheila Seiffolah Mohammad Ali Massoumeh 27 25 29 29 25 24 21 27 36 17 30 28 29 22 28 25

Bandar Mahshahr F.s. Kermanshah Kermanshah Ex. Ex.

M Ahvaz M Tabriz M Sabzevar M Rasht M M Babolsar M Tehran M M Astaneh Ashrafieh M Kangavar F F Semnan Semnan H.s. Dip. H.s. Dip. S. S. H.s. Dip. H.s.dip. Univ.s. S Univ. S.

Masjid Soleiman Ex. Tabriz Evin Evin Evin Babol Gohardasht Hang. Hang. Ex. Hang. F.s. Hang. F.s. Rasht Kangavar Semnan Semnan Gohardasht Rasht Rasht Ahvaz Birjand Ilam Mashad Mashad F.s. Hang. F.s. Ex. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. Ex. F.s. Hang. Hang.

Sep. 88 Dec. 88 1988 Aug. 88 Sep. 11, 88 Aug. 1, 88 1988 Jan. 89 Aug. 88 Aug.88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88

M Tehran M Mahshahr F F Rasht Ahvaz

H.s.dip. Univ. S. Univ. S. H.s.s.

1988 Aug. 88 1988 Aug. 9, 88 Nov. 88 Nov. 88

M Birjand F Ilam

M Mashad M Mashad

173

Crime Against Humanity

R 1111 1112 1113 1114 1115 1116 1117 1118 1119 1120 1121 1122 1123 1124 1125 1126 1127 1128 1129 1130 1131 1132 1133 1134 1135 1136 1137 1138 1139 1140 1141 1142 1143

Surname Heydari Heydari Heydari Heydari Heydari Heydari Heydari Heydari Heydari Heydari Heydari Heydari Heydari Shahi Heydarieh Heydarieh Holakoui Homayouni Homayouni-rad Hossein Kani Hossein Khah Hossein Pour Hossein Pour Hossein Pour Hossein Zadeh Hossein Zadeh Arbani Hossein Zandi Hosseini Hosseini Hosseini Hosseini Hosseini Hosseini Hosseini

Name Akbar Zohreh Seyyed Ali S. Mohahmmad Shahin Shirin Farah Farrokh Mohammad Mohammd Mehdi Mohammad Reza Mehdi S. Mohammad Hossein Mohammad Sohrab Parviz Mehdi Davood Houshang Issa Gholam Moussa Manouchehr Soossan Mehrdad Abolfazl Ismaeel Akbar Amir Hossein Parviz Habibollah Hassan

Age Sex 34 24 27 M F

POB

Edu. H.s.dip

Date 1988 Sep. 88 Aug. 88 1988

Place Evin Evin Tehran

Method Ex. F.s. Hang. Ex.

Qom

H.s.dip H.s.dip

M Tehran M

25 29 30

F F F M

Andimeshk Damavand

H.s.dip Univ. S. P.dip

Aug. 88 Aug. 88 88 Nov. 88 1988

Evin Evin Tehran Tehran Hamedan Gohardasht Shiraz Karaj Isfahan

F.s. F.s. Ex. F.s. Ex. Hang. F.s. F.s. Ex. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. Hang Hang. Ex. Ex. F.s. Ex. F.s. F.s. Hang.

M Hamedan 25 25 M Paveh M Gachsaran M 25 27 23 45 23 M Gachsaran M Karbala M Karbal M Isfahan M Zanjan M 25 35 17 M Tehran M M Astaneh Ashrafieh M 19 27 25 25 27 30 21 25 30 26 M Astaneh Asrafieh M Behbahan F Rasht S Univ. S. H.s.s. H.s.dip. H.s.dip H.s.dip S S P.dip H.s.dip S S S H.s.s H.s. Dip. S. Univ. S. S S S

Aug. 88 Sep. 88 Sep. 88 Aug. 88

Sep. 30, 88 Mashad Sep. 30, 88 Aug. 88 1988 Aug. 88 Aug. 6, 88 Sep. 88 Mashad Isfahan Zanjan Evin Gohardasht Evin

Dec. 22, 88 Rasht Dec. 88 Aug. 88 Nov. 88 Sep. 88 Aug. 88 Sep. 88 Jul. 30, 88 Dec. 88 Aug. 88 Sep. 88 Aug. 88 Dec. 88 Shiraz Evin Tehran Evin Gachsaran Evin Bushehr Bushehr Rasht Behbahan Rasht

M Tehran M Jahrom M Tehran M M Tehran M Gachsaran M Shahr-e Ray M

F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. Hang. F.s.

174

A List of Victims

R 1144 1145 1146 1147 1148 1149 1150 1151 1152 1153 1154 1155 1156 1157 1158 1159 1160 1161 1162 1163 1164 1165 1166 1167 1168 1169 1170 1171 1172 1173 1174 1175 1176

Surname Hosseini Hosseini Hosseini Hosseini Hosseini Hosseini Hosseini Hosseini Hosseini Hosseini Hosseini Hosseini Hosseini Hosseini Barzi Hosseini Iraj Hosseini Rajabi Hosseini Zadeh Hossien Pour Hossien Pour Hossien Pour Housahngi Houshi Houshmand Houshmand Houshmand Houshmand Houshmand Hoveida Ighee Ilbaki Imani Imani Khoshkhou Inaghi

Name Reza Seyyed Habib Seyyed Hassan Seyyed Ahamd Seyyed Akbar Seyyed Saeid Seyyed Fazlolah Seyyed Nasrollah Etrat Alireza Gholam Hossein Leily

Age Sex 25 26 28 30 31 24 25 24 42 M

POB

Edu. S

Date Dec. 88 1988

Place Evin Mashad Gohardasht Shiraz

Method F.s. Hang. Hang. Hang. Ex.

M Gonbad Kavous M Amol M Shiraz H.s.dip H.s.dip

Aug. 88 1988 1988 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Dec. 88 Sep. 88 Aug. 9, 88 1988

M Galehdar Lorestan H.s.dip. M Natanz M Tehran M Songor Koliaye F M M Jahrom S S H.s.dip

Gohardasht Gohardasht Gohardasht Shiraz Gohardasht Evin Tehran Bushehr Gohardahst Vakil Abad Evin Evin Rasht Genaveh Rasht Kermanshah Tabriz Evin Shiraz Evin Rasht Gohardasht Gohardasht Evin Tehran Evin Lahijan Paveh

Hang. Hang. F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. Hang. Ex. Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang. Ex. F.s.

31

F M Borazjan M Barze Kashan M Esfaryen M

H.s.dip H.s. Dip. S H.s.dip

Sep. 88 Feb. 89 Aug. 88 1988 Aug. 88

Mohammad Hossein 27 Seyyed Saeid Hojjatollah Mohammad Mehran 26 61 24 30

M Malayer M Astaneh Ashrafieh M

Univ. S.

Aug. 88 Jan. 89 Jan. 89

Reza

29

M Lahijan

H.s.dip.

1988 Nov. 88

F.s. Ex. F.s. F.s. Hang F.s. Ex. Hang F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. Hang.

Mahmoud Ismaeel Ahmanollah Jafar Hojjatollah Farshid Mehran Mostafa

23

M Tabriz M Tehran

H.s. Dip.

Sep. 88 Aug. 88

25 25 27

M Balghan, Larestan M Tehran M Anzali M

S. S. S.

Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Jul. 27, 88

25 30 25

M Tehran M Tehran M M Tehran M Lahijan M

S. Univ.s

Jul. 30, 88 Sep. 88 Nov.88

Ali Majid Yarahmad

22 28

S H.s.dip.

Aug. 88 Nov. 88 Sep. 88

175

Crime Against Humanity

R 1177 1178 1179 1180 1181 1182 1183 1184 1185 1186 1187 1188 1189 1190 1191 1192 1193 1194 1195 1196 1197 1198 1199

Surname Irani Iranpak Isfahani Izadbin (Izadi) Izadi Izadi Izadi Izadi Izadi Izadi Izadi Izadi Izadi Ghassabsari Izadi Ghassabsari Jabbari Jabbari Jabbari Jabbari Jabbarian Jadidi Jadidian Jafari Jafari

Name Mohammad Javad Hadi Ali Mohammad Javad Javad (Hessam) Alireza Mohsen Mohammad Mahmoud Mostafa Mehdi Ali Alireza

Age Sex 28 25 31 24 25 19 M M _

POB

Edu. H.s.dip. _ S H.s.dip. S H.s.s. P.dip. B.s. H.s.dip. Univ.s S S

Date 1988 1988 Aug. 6, 88 Aug. 88 1988 Nov. 6, 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Dec. 88 1988

Place Shiraz Shiraz Gorhardasht Evin Shiraz Hamedan Evin Shiraz Evin Amol

Method Hang. Hang. Ex. Hang. Hang. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. Ex. F.s. Ex. Hang. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. Ex. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s.

M Arak M Karaj M Shiraz M Hamedan M

25 23 27 22 25

M Shiraz M Karaj M Nour M Hamedan M M Qazvin

Aug. 18, 88 Hamedan Aug. 88 Feb. 89 Hamedan Gohardasht Evin Kermanshah Tehran Evin Qazvin Evin Isfahan

30

M Somee-sara F

P.dip.

Aug. 89 Oct. 88 Sep. 88 Aug. 88

Jalal Jalil Alireza 37

M M M Qazvin F H.s.s.

Oct. 88 Nov. 88 Aug. 88

Zahra Alireza Behnam Davood Seyyed M. Reza Moharram Ali Zafar Aziz Aghamohmmad Nader Iraj Hassan Davood Morteza

19 27 34 26 26 26 27 29

F M Mashad M Tehran M M Sabzevar M Rasht M Zanjan M Shiraz M M H.s.dip. Ph.d. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.s. B.s. H.s.dip.

Aug. 16, 88 Mashad 1988 Aug. 88 Nov. 22, 88 Nov. 88 Evin Evin Kermanshah Rasht

1200 Jafari 1201 Jafari 1202 Jafari Afshar 1203 Jafari Garashi 1204 Jafarian 1205 Jafarzadeghan 1206 Jafarzadeh 1207 Jafarzadeh 1208 Jafarzadeh 1209 Jafarzadeh

Aug. 13, 88 Gohardasht 1988 1988 1988 Shiraz Semnan Adel Abad Gohardasht Khoy Evin Khoy

25

M Tehran M Khoy M M Khoy

H.s.s.

Aug. 3, 88 1988

H.s.dip.

1988 1988

176

A List of Victims

Surname

Name Mahmoud Mojtaba Hassan Ibrahim Amir Hossein Ahmad Jafar Hadi Kheiroolah Karim Mohammad Mitra Ali Farhad Alireza Mehdi Hadi Shahin Bahaman Jafar Ali Nahid Jahangir Mohsen Abdolmahoud Reza Amir (Sirous) Fahimeh Alireza Faramarzs Father

Age Sex 34

POB

Edu. Univ. S.

Date Jul. 29, 88 1988

Place Orumieh Behshahr Evin Behbahan Tehran Evin Bandarabbas Adel Abad Tehran Gohardasht Tehran Eving Gohardasht Evin Rasht Hamedan Evin Evin Evin Rasht Tehran Hamedan Tehran Orumeieh Sharood Boroojerd Vakil Abad Adel Abad Tehran Rasht Tehran Evin Evin

Method F.s. F.s. Hang. Ex. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. Ex. Hang. Hang. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang. F.s Ex Hang F.s. Ex Hang. Hang. F.s. Hang. Hang. F.s Ex. Ex.

1210 Jafarzadeh Marandi 1211 Jahan

M Khoy M

1212 Jahan Ara 1213 Jahanbakhsh 1214 Jahanbakhsh 1215 Jahanbakhsh 1216 Jahangiri 1217 Jahangiri 1218 Jalal Abadi Farahani 1219 Jalali 1220 Jalali 1221 Jalali 1222 Jalali 1223 Jalali Khah 1224 Jalali Safari 1225 Jalalian 1226 Jalalian 1227 Jalalian 1228 Jalghazi 1229 Jalili 1230 Jalili 1231 Jalili 1232 Jalili 1233 Jalilzadeh 1234 Jamali 1235 Jamasbi 1236 Jame Anvari 1237 Jame Dar 1238 Jame Kalkhoran 1239 Jameii 1240 Jamshidi 1241 Jamshidi 1242 Jamshidi

27 31

M Abadan M Behbahan M M

B.s. H.s.dip. H.s.dip.

Aug. 88 1988 Nov. 88 Aug. 88 Sep. 88

23 29 26 29 27 26 29 28 25 25 31 27 27 26 32

M M M Tehran M Tehran M M Shahrood F M M Lahijan M Hamedan M Qazvin M Qazvin F Qazvin Kermanshah S H.s.dip. Univ. S. H.s. Dip. H.s. Dip H.s.dip. Univ. S. H.s.s. H.s.s. H.s.dip. H.s.dip H.s.dip. H.s.dip.

Sep. 88 1988 Aug. 3, 88 Dec. 88 Dec. 88 Sep. 88 Jul. 28, 88 Feb. 89 Nov. 88 Mar. 89 Mar. 89 Oct. 88 Jul. 29, 88 1988 Aug.18.88

M Lahijan M Lahijan M Hamedan

32 27 24 30 29 33 28 29

Tabriz

B.s. H.s.dip. B.s. P.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. Univ.s. H.s.dip.

Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Sep.88 1988 Feb. 11, 89 1988 1988 Jul. 29, 88 1988 Nov. 22, 88

M Khoy M Sharoud M Boroujerd M Mashad M Abadan M M Lahijan M Tehran F Tehran Tehran

Parvaneh

Nov. 22, 88

177

Crime Against Humanity

Surname

Name Faramarz Massoud Ahmad Mohammad Abdolrassoul Mohmmad Reza

Age Sex 24 26 26 35 28 32 25

POB

Edu. H.s.s. H.s.dip.

Date Aug. 13,88 Aug. 4, 88 Aug. 88

Place Gohardasht Evin Orumieh Gohardasht Evin Gohardasht Evin

Method Hang. Hang. F.s. Hang. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. Ex. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s.

1243 Jamshidi 1244 Jamshidi 1245 Jangaloo 1246 Jangzadeh 1247 Jani 1248 Jannat Rostami 1249 Jannati 1250 Jareh 1251 Jassemi 1252 Javan 1253 Javan Shoja 1254 Javan Shoja Mofrad 1255 Javid Yar 1256 Javid Yar 1257 Jaza Sarkeradeh 1258 Jazani 1259 Jebelli 1260 Jebreli 1261 Jebreli 1262 Jenazadeh 1263 Jestan 1264 Jolodar 1265 Joudaki 1266 Joze Kalatari 1267 Kaabi 1268 Kaboli (Haqiqi) 1269 Kachelami 1270 Kadkhoda 1271 Kafaii 1272 Kaffash 1273 Kaffashian 1274 Kaffashian (Male) 1275 Kaffashian (Male)

M Tehran M Tehran M Orumieh M Khoy M M Tonekabon M Tehran M Shiraz M

Univ. S. H.s.dip. B.s. H.s.dip.

Sep. 88 Nov. 15, 88 Aug. 88 Oct. 88

Farhad

22

Aug. 25, 88 Evin Sep. 88 Sep. 88 Univ. S. B.s. Aug. 6, 88 Jan. 89 Nov. 22, 88 H.s.dip. Sep. 88 1988 Sep. 88 Shiraz Tehran Gohardasht Evin Kermanshah Gohardasht Evin Tehran Qaemshahr Tehran Tehran Gohardasht Tehran Evin Khorram Abad Zanjan Ahwaz Evin Lahijan Behbahan Adelabad Kashan Gohardasht Tehran Tehran

Mohammad Qassem Gholam Hossein Ali Massoud Hojjahtollah 24 20 31 30

M M Tehran M M M Khorramabad M Tehran

Mola Arfa Mohammad Saeid Mohammad Taghi Robert Esmaeel Farhad Khalil Jaber Hamid Qanbar Fereidoun Hamid-reza Ali Hossein

27 25 30 33

M Qaemshahr Bijar M Bijar M Somee-sara M M

H.s.dip. H.s.s. Univ. S. H.s.dip. P. Dip.

Aug. 88 Nov. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Sep. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 1988 1988 Aug. 88 Oct. 30, 88 Nov. 88 Sep. 88 Aug. 2, 88 Aug. 88 Jan. 89 Sep. 88

30 25 27 29 26 29

M Pol-dokhtar Lorestn P. Dip. M Zanjan M Abadan M Tehran M Rasht-kachelam M M Gatchsaran H.s.s. H.s. Dip. H.s. Dip H.s. Dip H.s.s. H.s. Dip. H.s. Dip. H.s. Dip.

22 28

M Kashan M

178

A List of Victims

Surname

Name Houshang (Iraj) Reza Ahmad Sirous (Shapour) Ali Fayzollah Nasrin Kamal (Touraj) Maryam Ardeshir Hamed (Shahriar) Hamid Farangiss (Goli) Nader Abolqassem Hojjat Ollah Esfandiar Reza Mojgan Houshang

Age Sex 24

POB

Edu. H.s. Dip.

Date Nov. 88 Aug. 88

Place Kermanshah Yazd Evin Gohardasht Dizel Abad Noshahr Gohardasht Evin Shiraz Gohardasht Gohardasht Zanjan Tehran Evin Shiraz Dezful

Method F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang. F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang. F.s. Hang. Hang. F.s. Hang. Hang. Ex. F.s. F.s. Ex.

1276 Kaffashpour 1277 Kafi 1278 Kaghaz Kannani 1279 Kahrizi 1280 Kahrizi 1281 Kaka Soltani 1282 Kakaii 1283 Kalanaki 1284 Kalantar 1285 Kalantari 1286 Kalantari 1287 Kalantari 1288 Kalantari 1289 Kalantari 1290 Kalantari (Kalantar) 1291 Kalavand 1292 Kalhor 1293 Kallah 1294 Kamali 1295 Kamrani Mahani 1296 Kani 1297 Karamati 1298 Karami 1299 Karami 1300 Karami Mahabadi 1301 Karami Nassab 1302 Kargar Fard 1303 Kargar Shojaii Rooy 1304 Karim 1305 Karim Abadi 1306 Karim Khah 1307 Karim Nezhad 1308 Karim Nezhad

M Jiroft M M Miyaneh

H.s.s. H.s.s.

Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Oct. 23, 88

19

M Kermanshah M

27 18 23 23 30 26 30 29 29

M Kelardasht F Aqajari

Univ. S. H.s.s. H.s. Dip. Univ. S. H.s. Dip. H.s. Dip. H.s. Dip. Univ. S. Univ. S.

Sep. 88 Aug. 88 Nov. 22, 88 Nov. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Dec. 1988 1988 Aug. 88 Nov. 88 Aug. 2, 88

M Tehran F Sari

M Behbahan M Kermanshah M Khorramdarreh F M M M Andimeshk Ramhormoz

22

M Karaj M

H.s.s.

Dec. 18, 88 Gohardasht 1988

26 35

Tehran

H.s. Dip. Univ. S.

Aug. 88 Nov. 88 Dec. 88

Evin Kerman Evin Gohardasht Zanjan Adelabad Tabriz Evin Ahwaz Rasht Evin Evin Gohardasht Tehran Gohardasht

Hang. F.s. F.s. Hang. Ex. F.s. Ex. Hang. F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang. Hang. F.s. Hang.

M Jiroft M

Mohammad Ahmad Jamshid Bouzarjomehr Mahmoud Bahram Reza (Fereidoun) Hossein Davoud Moussa Saber Mohsen

35 35

M Tehran M Khorram-darreh M Shiraz

B.s. H.s. Dip.

Aug. 9, 88 Aug. 88 Dec. 6, 88

25 34 28 28 29 26 27 25 29

M Mianeh M Babol M Abadan M Lahijan M Tehran M Gorgan M Karaj M Tehran M Varamin

H.s.s. P.dip. H.s.s. H.s.s. H.s. Dip. Univ. S.

Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Jul. 30. 88

H.s. Dip. Univ. S.

1988 Jul. 30. 88

179

Crime Against Humanity

Surname

Name Ibrahim Ardalan Akbar Amir Hossein Javad Hassan Sadeq Ali Farhad Fereidoun Mojtaba Mohsen Mahmoud Mohammad Reza Mohammad Shah Mahmoud Moslem

Age Sex M 26 M M 26 25 25 30 25

POB

Edu. P. Dip. H.s.s.

Date 1988 Aug. 88 Aug. 88

Place

Method Ex.

1309 Karimi 1310 Karimi 1311 Karimi

Evin Evin Gohardasht Mashad Lahijan Gohardasht Evin

Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang. F.s. Hang. Hang. F.s.

1312 Karimi 1313 Karimi 1314 Karimi 1315 Karimi 1316 Karimi 1317 Karimi 1318 Karimi 1319 Karimi 1320 Karimi 1321 Karimi 1322 Karimi 1323 Karimi 1324 Karimi 1325 Karimi 1326 Karimi (Male)

M Tehran M Birjand M Astaneh Ashrafieh M Aral M Varamin M Gorgan M M

H.s.s. H.s. Dip.

Aug. 3, 88 1988 1988

H.s. Dip. H.s. Dip.

Jul. 30, 88 Sep. 88 1988 Aug. 88 1988

Evin

Hang. Ex.

29 24 29 22 30

M Tehran M Tehran M Tehran M Tehran M M

H.s. Dip. H.s.s. H.s.s. H.s.s. H.s. Dip.

Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Oct. 88 1988 Nov. 88 Nov. 88

Gohardasht Evin Evin Evin Evin

Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang. F.s. F.s.

31 28 29 31 M Varamin M Varamin M Kalachai F F 25 M Ardebil M 26 27 25 30 29 25 M Tabriz M Sabzevar M Touyserkan M Tehran M Tehran M Kermanshah F F Darab Univ. S. H.s. Dip. H.s.s. H.s.s. H.s. Dip H.s. Dip Univ. S. H.s.s. H.s. Dip. H.s. Dip.

1327 Karimi Jafari (Varamini) Asghar 1328 Karimi Jafari (Varamini) Ali 1329 Karimi Moghaddam 1330 Karimian 1331 Karimian 1332 Karimzadeh 1333 Karimzadeh 1334 Karkooti 1335 Karroubi 1336 Kashaii (Goshaii) 1337 Kashani 1338 Kashani Aqdam 1339 Kashanian (Kashani) 1340 Kasra 1341 Kasra Zakaria (Bahman) Massoumeh Mehri (Zahra) Saber Fereidoun Hamid Mohsen Mohammad Reza Ali Gholamreza Kiomars Sorayya Homa

Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Jul. 30, 88 Nov. 29, 88 Nov. 29, 88 Oct. 23, 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 1988 Aug. 9. 88 1988 1988 Nov. 88 1988 1988

Tehran Tehran Gohardasht Evin Evin Gohardasht Evin Evin Vakilabad Gohardasht Evin Tehran Gohardasht Darab Darab

Hang. Hang. Hang. F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang. F.s. F.s. Hang. Ex. Ex.

180

A List of Victims

Surname

Name Khosrow Hadi Mohammad Morteza Mahmoud

Age Sex M 27 20 24

POB

Edu.

Date 1988

Place

Method Ex.

1342 Kassani 1343 Kassari 1344 Kasseb Qane 1345 Kasseban 1346 Kassraii 1347 Kaveh 1348 Kaviani 1349 Kay Nezhad 1350 Kaykavousi 1351 Kaykavousi 1352 Kaykhah 1353 Kayvanfar 1354 Kayvanfar 1355 Kayvani 1356 Kayvani Hafshejani 1357 Kayvanpour 1358 Kazemi 1359 Kazemi 1360 Kazemi Fard 1361 Kazemizadeh Nayshabouri 1362 Kazemzadeh Ardebili 1363 Kazerouni 1364 Kazerouni 1365 Kebaii Pour (Zadeh) 1366 Kebari 1367 Kebriti 1368 Keshavarz 1369 Keshavarz

M Rasht M M Aradan, Garmsar M Mahshahr M Arak

H.s. Dip. H.s.s. H.s. Dip

Nov. 88 Oct. 20, 88 Nov. 88 Nov. 88 Feb. 89

Rasht

F.s.

Astaneh Ashrafieh F.s. Semnan Ahwaz Arak Rasht Gohardasht Ahwaz Ahwaz Adelabad Evin Tehran Evin Isfahan Shiraz Gohardasht F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. Evin Vakilabad Hang. Hang.

Behnaz Darioush Farideh Nahid Abdol Samad Jamshid Hassan Farangiss Iraj Mostafa Behrouz Ali Reza Mehdi Mohsen

20 31 25 26 30 24 33 25 25

Rasht-shaft

H.s.s. H.s. Dip. H.s. Dip.

1988 Aug. 3. 88 Oct. 88 Dec. 88

M Yazd F F Izeh Ahwaz

M Shiraz M Tehran M Tehran F M Hafshejan M

H.s. Dip. Univ. S. H.s.s. H.s.s. H.s.s.

Oct. 26, 88 Nov. 88 Aug. 88 1988 Jul. 30, 88 Jan. 1, 89

26

M Lahijan M Siahkal

H.s.s.

Oct. 88 1988

30 29

M Tehran M Mashad

H.s. Dip

Sep. 88 Aug. 2, 88

Ahad Mohammad Reza Mohammad Reza Darioush Massoud Hamid-reza Bijan Samad

25

M Tehran M M Kazeroun

H.s.s.

Aug. 88 Aug. 88

Evin Evin Gohardasht Gohardasht Gohardasht Gohardasht Gohardasht Zahedan

Hang. Ex. Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang. F.s.

H.s. Dip

Aug. 88 Aug. 88

40 27 25 24 25

M M Shiraz M Tehran M Rasht M Noorabad Mamassani Univ. S. H.s.s. H.s.s. B.s.

Jul. 31, 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 5, 88

1370 Keshavarz 1371 Keshavarz 1372 Keshavarz

Abdol Hossein Gholam Hossein Fathollah

M M M Gatchsaran

Sep. 88 Sep. 88 Sep. 88 Shiraz Gatchsaran

Ex. F.s. F.s.

181

Victims of 1988 Massacre

Aqdas Hemmati

Yousef Heyboudi

Jasoumeh Heydari Zadeh

Seyyed Ismail Hosseini (Mohammad Qazi )

Amanollah Hushmand

Mostafa Igeei

Mahmoud Jafar Zadeh Marandi

Hadi Jalal Abadi Farahani

Mahammad Jang Zadeh

Reza Kafi

Nasrin Kakai

Hushang Kamrani Mihani

Zakaria (Bahman) Karimi Moghaddam

Gholam Reza Kashani Aghdam

Mohsen Kazemi Zadeh Neishabouri

Sadeq Khazai

182

victims of 1988 Massacre

Hossein Khodaparasti

Abbas Khoshkhah

Ezzatollah Kia Ahmadi

Gholam Reza Kia Kajouri

Massoud Kolah Kaj

Mohammad Ismail Kord Jazi

Saeid Maleki Anaraki

Kamalolldin Mansourian Tabaei

Majid Marandi

Ahmad Mashadi Mohammad Ali Kharrat

Hamdi Reza Massoumi Goudarzi

Ismail Mir Bagheri

Ali Mir Shahi

Hossein Mirzai

Massoumeh Mirzai

Mostafa Mirzai

183

Victims of 1988 Massacre

Ashraf Moezzi

Hassan Moezzi

Mehdi Mobini Kesheh

Ali Mohajeri

Mohsen Mohammad Bagher

Jamal Mohammad Nezhad

Frangis (Mehri) Mohammad Rahimi

Soheila Mohammad Rahimi

Qasem Mohammad Rezaei

Shekar Mohammad Zadeh

Mohsen Mohammadi

Maryam Mohammadi Bahman Abadi

Reza Mohammadi Bahman Abadi

Gholam Reza Mohmmadi Sarvestani

Yahya Mohseni Berenj Abadi

Parviz Mojahednia

184

victims of 1988 Massacre

Karimollah Moqimi Qadikolahi

Behrouz Morabbi

Shahriar Mortezai Sanjabi

Mousa Mousa Khani

Saeid Mohammad Taher Najjar

Hossein Namdar Malayeri

Shahroukh Namdar Masjedi

Mohammad Reza Naeim

Gholam Reza Naghipour Amirzadi

Massoud Naseri Razliqee

Javad Nasiri

Seyyed Hossein Nejati Katemjani

Hossein Niakan

Zahra Niakan

Kheyrollah Nilghaz

Zidollah Noor Mohammadi

185

Crime Against Humanity

Surname

Name

Age Sex

POB

Edu. H.s.s. H.s. Dip. Univ. S.

Date Aug. 88 Aug. 3, 88

Place Adelabad Gohardasht

Method Ex. Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang. Hang. F.s. Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang. F.s. Hang. F.s. Hang Hang Hang Ex. Ex.

1373 Keshavarz 1374 Keshavarz 1375 Keshmiri 1376 Keshmiri 1377 Keshtgar 1378 Keshtkar 1379 Khaddami 1380 Khademi 1381 Khademi 1382 Khademi 1383 Khajeh Nouri 1384 Khake Barik 1385 Khaksar 1386 Khalaj 1387 Khaldi 1388 Khaldi 1389 Khaleghi 1390 Khaleghi 1391 Khaleghi Zadeh 1392 Khaleghparast 1393 Khalghi 1394 Khalili 1395 Khalili 1396 Khalili 1397 Khalilpour Gargari 1398 Khalilzadeh 1399 Khalkahli Shandize 1400 Khaloot Zadeh 1401 Khan Mohammadi 1402 Khan Mohammadi 1403 Khan Mohammadi 1404 Khanban 1405 Khanbanha

Mohammad Hossein 24 Massoud Ali Asghar Ali Reza Mohammad Reza Mohammad Majid Hossein Ali-akbar Majid Reza Akbar Abbas Ali Rafat Nosrat Mohsen Mostafa 40 27 28 26 19 21 28 29 35 27 28

M Dehdasht M Som-eh-sara M Tehran M M Tehran M Som-eh-sara M Shiraz M M Gachsaran M Golpayegan M Yazd M Roodsar M Qasr-e Shirin M Qzvin M Tehran F M M Mashad M Hamedan M Lahijan M

Aug. 16, 88 Mashad Aug. 88 Jul. 30, 88 Evin Tehran Evin Adel Abad Kerman Adel Abad Isfahan Mashad Rasht Gohardasht Qazvin Tehran Tehran Tehran Vakil Abad

H.s. Dip.

Aug. 88 Nov. 28, 88 Oct. 88

H.s.dip S H.s.s H.s.dip H.s.dip H.s.dip H.s.dip

Dec. 88 Aug. 6, 88 Nov. 88 1988 Oct. 88 Sep. 88 Nov. 88 Nov. 88 Sep. 88 Sep. 8, 88

Mohammad Hassan 31 Shahpour Nasser Ibrahim Esmaeel Parviz Nouroollah Davood Mohammad 32 30 29 28 29 28 20 Khidan Mohammad Hanif Yahya Maryam (Malahat) Nargis 55 26 29 27

Univ. S. H.s.dip

Aug. 16, 88 Gohardasht Aug.88 Sep. 88 Evin Tehran Mashad Mashad Gohardasht Gohardasht

M M M M Gargar Jolfa M Naghadeh M Tehran Shiraz M Sarpolzahab M Kermansah M Tehran F F Qazvin

Univ. S. Univ. S. Univ. S S H.s.s. H.s. Dip S

1988 1988 Aug. 88 Aus. 9, 88

Aug. 23, 88 Orumeih 1988 1988 Aug.88 Mashad Adel Abad Kerand Gohardashet Evin Evin Hashtpar

H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.dip H.s.dip

Aug.88 Aug. 88 1988 1988

186

A List of Victims

Surname

Name Fereidoun Farahed Nasrin Mahmoud Farhad

Age Sex M 24

POB

Edu.

Date Aug. 88

Place Evin Gohardashet Semnan Mashad Isfahan Evin

Method Hang. Ex. Ex. Hang. F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang F.s. Hang. Hang. Hang. F.s. Ex.

1406 Khandan 1407 Khani 1408 Khanjani 1409 Kharghi 1410 Kharrazi Isfahani 1411 Khasi

M Kermansah F Sangsar

H.s.dip. H.s.dip H.s.dip H.s.dip

1988 Oct. 88 1988 Aug. 4, 88 Dec. 1, 88

24 25

M M Isfahan M

1412 Khatami 1413 Khatib Zadeh 1414 Khatibi 1415 Khatibi 1416 Khazali 1417 Khazaei 1418 Khazae\I 1419 Khazri 1420 Khbaz Kar 1421 Kheradmandi 1422 Kheyrani 1423 Kheyri- Nejad 1424 Kheyrkhah 1425 Kheyrkhah 1426 Khezr Safae Manesh 1427 Khezri 1428 Khezri 1429 Khezri 1430 Khodabakhshi 1431 Khodabaksh 1432 Khodabaksh 1433 Khodabakshi 1434 Khodabandeh 1435 Khodada Pour 1436 Khodajoo 1437 Khodaparasti 1438 Khonsari Zadeh

Mohammad Hassan 35 Hassan 40 Hosseinali Mohsen 31 29

M M F M M Tehran M Torbat Heidarieh M Bushehr M F H.s.dip H.s.dip H.s.dip

Aug. 16, 88 Gohardasht Aug. 88 Nov. 1988 Aug. 6, 88 Aug. 88 1988 1988 1988 1988 Shiraz Univ.s. H.s.dip. Dec. 88 Sep. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Sep. 88 Sep. 88 Sep. 88 Univ. S H.s.dip. 1988 Jan. 89 1988 P. Dip S H.s.s H.s.dip B.s. H.s.dip 1988 Oct. 88 1988 Sep. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Rashet Adel Abad Evin Gohardasht Gohardasht Rasht Evin Evin Tehran Gohardasht Kermanshah Evin Gohardashet Gohardasht Qazvin Adel Abad Evin Chaloos Gohardasht Gohardasht Evin Gohardasht Evin Vakil Abad Bushehr

Mohammad Sadeq 23 Mahmoud Asghar Zahra Zakieh (Mahnaz) Bahram Kheyrollah Fatollah Yahya Nader Seyyed Asqar Seyyed Hamid Mostafa Sohrab Iraj Yazdan Sohrab Qasem Massiallah Mohammad Hossein Seyyed Hassan 30 28 31 26 28 26 27 36 29 28 28 24 26 22 28 27 28

Ex. F.s. Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang. F.s. F.s. Hang F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. Ex. F.s. Hang.

F M

M Tehran M Semnan M Astaneh-ashrafieyeh H.s.dip. M Damavand M Tehran M Tehran M M Mehran M M M Nafet Saher M Qazvin M M Lahijan M Langrood M Tehran S H.s.dip. S

187

Crime Against Humanity

Surname

Name Hossein Morteza Marzieh Tahereh Tayebeh Abbas Massoud Mansour Mahmoud Hossein Saeid Abbas Khalil Karim Saeidhe Soossan Siavoush Ali Hossein Majid Baqer Zinolabeddin Abbas Yousef Ali Simin Vahid Massoud Malieh

Age Sex 27 29 29 M

POB

Edu.

Date Aug. 88

Place Tehran Adel Abad Shiraz Sabzevar Tehran Tehran Evin Evin Tehran Qezel Hesar Kermanshah Hamedan Ardebil Gohardasht Shiraz Shiraz Adel Abad Roodsar Tehran Gohardasht Tehran Evin

Method Hang F.s. F.s. Ex. F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang. Hang. Ex. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. Ex. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang

1439 Khoor 1440 Khorad 1441 Khorasani 1442 Khoro Abadi 1443 Khoro Abadi 1444 Khoro Abadi 1445 Khoro Abadi 1446 Khoro Abadi 1447 Khoro Gorgi 1448 Khorram 1449 Khorsandi 1450 Khorshid Vash 1451 Khoshafkar 1452 Khoshafkar 1453 Khoshbouee 1454 Khoshbouee 1455 Khoshbouee 1456 Khoshfam 1457 Khoshgoftar 1458 Khoshgoftar 1459 Khoshhal 1460 Khoshkbijari 1461 Khoshkhah 1462 Khoshkhoo 1463 Khoshnevis 1464 Khoshnevis 1465 Khoshnoudi 1466 Khoshroo 1467 Khoshsaliehgh 1468 Khosravi 1469 Khosravi 1470 Khosravi 1471 Khosravi

M Shiraz F F Behbahan

H.s.dip H.s.s

Aug. 88 Nov. 22, 88 1988

25

Sabzevar

H.s.dip Univ. S. Univ.s H.s.s.

Aug. 88 Nov. 4, 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88

M Sabzevar 29 24 29 M Sabzevar M Tehran M Tehran M Ramsar 25 24 25 30 20 22 18 19 M M Hamedan M Ardebil M Ardebil F F M M M 28 25 M M M 31 28 M Shiraz M Kouchesfahan M F 22 23 30 M Songor M Tehran F F Bandar Anzali Karaj Jahrum Jahrum

Univ. S

1988 Aug. 88

S H.s.dip

Aug. 88 Nov. 88 Aug. 6, 88

S S H.s.s. H.s.dip

Nov. 88 Nov. 88 Nov. 88 Nov. 88 Sep. 88

Univ. S. S

Aug. 88 1988 1988

Univ.s H.s.dip

Sep. 25, 88 Adel Abad Feb. 89 Sep. 88 1988 Rasht Vakil Abad Mashad Gohardahst Mashad Rasht Evin Karaj Gohardasht Gohar Dasht

H.s.s H.s.dip H.s.dip Univ.s. B.s. B.s. S

1988 Aug. 88 Aug. 1, 88 Jan. 89 1988 Aug. 88 Dec. 88

Amir Hossein Jafar Zahra (Roya)

40 33

M Assad Abad M Rasht F

188

A List of Victims

Surname

Name Mehrdad Amir Hamid Khosrow Mehdi

Age Sex M 25

POB

Edu.

Date 1988

Place

Method F.s.

1472 Khosravi 1473 Khosravi Rad 1474 Khosro Gorgi 1475 Khosro Nezhad 1476 Khosrovani 1477 Khosrovani 1478 Khoyei 1479 Khoyei 1480 Khoyei 1481 Khvar Pour 1482 Khvar Pour 1483 Kia 1484 Kia 1485 Kia Ahmadi 1486 Kia Ahmadi 1487 Kia Ahmadi 1488 Kia Kajouri 1489 Kiaii 1490 Kiaii 1491 Kiaii Pour (Zadeh) 1492 Kiamarzi 1493 Kianfar 1494 Kiani 1495 Kiani 1496 Kiani 1497 Kiani Dehkordi 1498 Kianpour 1499 Kianpour 1500 Kianpour 1501 Kiazadeh Abkenari 1502 Kodiri 1503 Kohandani 1504 Kohansal

M Tehran M Damavand

Sep. 88 Dec. 88

Evin Evin Rasht Bushehr Terhan Khoy Khoy Khoy

Hang. F.s. F.s. Ex. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. F,S.

28 28

M Roodbar M

H.s.dip H.s.s

1988 Nov. 88 Sep. 88

Hassan Zaki Zahra Hamid Ali Kamal Akbar Ezzatollah Vajihollah Vahid Gholam Reza Darioush 26 30 30 26 27

M Khoy F F M M Babool M Qaemshahr M M Gorgan M M M Tehran M F Tehran Kordkouy H.s.s. H.s.s. H.s.dip. Univ. S. H.s. Dip. H.s. Dip. Khoy Khoy

1988 Aug. 88 1988 1988 Aug. 88 1988 Nov. 88 Sep. 88 Sep. 88 Sep. 88 Aug. 6, 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 1988 1988 1988 H.s. Dip. B.s. Aug. 88 1988 1988 Univ. S. H.s.s. Sep. 88 Aug. 88 Oct. 88 Nov. 1, 88

Sari Sari Kurdkouy Kurdkouy Gorgan Gorgan Gohardasht Gohardasht Evin Gorgan Evin Tehran Gohardasht Evin Kazeroun Evin Tehran Gorgan Adelabad Rasht Tehran

Ex. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang. F.s. Ex. Hang. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. Ex. F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang.

Zahra (Mahboubeh) 33

Mansour Hassan Khosrow Sardar Saham Simin Dokht Khosrow Ali-asghar

29

M Firouzabad, Shiraz H.s. Dip. M Tehran

28

M Tehran M

29 29 20

M Qaleh Kohneh F Shahr-e Kord

M Tehran M Kordkouy

Hadi Ali Reza Ali-asghar Hojjat

26 34 25 25

M Abkenar, Anzali M Tehran M Tehran M Mashad

H.s. Dip.

Aug. 88 Nov. 88

H.s.s. H.s. Dip.

Sep. 16, 88 Evin 1988 Vakilabad

189

Crime Against Humanity

Surname

Name Mokhtar Baqer Massoud Ali Houshang M.Ismaeel Mohammad Reza Hassan

Age Sex 25

POB

Edu. H.s. Dip.

Date 1988 1988

Place Vakilabad

Method Hang. F.s.

1505 Kohansal 1506 Kohneii 1507 Kolah Kaj 1508 Kolah Sefid Zaytooni 1509 Kompany 1510 Kord Jezzi 1511 Kord Rostami

M Mashad M

22 26 50 32 37

M Mahshahr M M M Bandar Gaz M Bandar Gaz M M Someh Sara M Isfahan

H.s.s. H.s. Dip. B.s. P Dip H.s. Dip

Feb. 89 1988 Nov. 88 Nov. 11, 88 Sep. 88 Nov. 88 Aug. 88

Ahwaz Shiraz Teran Sari Evin

F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s.

1512 Korki 1513 Kouchaki 1514 Kouchaki 1515 Kouhestani 1516 Kouhi 1517 Kouhi 1518 Kouhi Jalalian 1519 Kouhsari 1520 Koustchi 1521 Kowsari 1522 Kowsari 1523 Kozazi 1524 Lali 1525 Laghaii 1526 Lahijani 1527 Lajevardi 1528 Lari Lavassani 1529 Lashkari 1530 Lashkari 1531 Latif 1532 Latifi 1533 Latifi 1534 Latifi 1535 Latifpour 1536 Layatanahi 1537 Layeq

Mohammad Hassan 30 Morteza Shahla Abbas Ali Gholam Abbas Gholam Mehdi Mohammad Ali Mohammad Azar Fatemeh Jalal Jamshid Firouz 29 28 29 30 29 26 26 36

Evin

Hang. F.s.

Univ. S. Univ. S. H.s. Dip.

1988 Aug. 88 Sep. 88 1988 Evin Tabriz Salmas Evin Mashad Evin Evin

Masjid Solaiman

Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s Hang. Hang. Hang. Ex.

M Salmas M Salmas M Qazvin M Qoochan M Boroujerd F F Shiraz

Univ. S. H.s. Dip. H.s. Dip.

Dec. 88 Aug. 88 Oct. 23, 88 Aug. 88

B.s. H.s. Dip. Univ. S.

1988 Sep. 9, 88 Nov. 88 Aug. 88 1988 Evin Khorramabad Evin

M Tehran M Boroujerd M

Hang. F.s. Hang. F.s.

Hamid

34

M Tehran M Tehran M Mashad M Kerman M Tehran M Siahkal F Tehran

H.s. Dip. H.s. Dip. H.s. Dip. Univ. S. H.s. Dip. Univ. S. H.s. Dip. Univ. S. H.s. Dip.

Aug. 88 Sep. 88 1988 Jul. 30, 88 Nov. 88 Aug. 88 Oct. 88 Aug. 88 Dec. 88 1988

Evin Tehran Mashad Gohardasht Evin Lahijan Tehran Sari Adelabad

Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. Ex.

Mohammad Hassan 25 Abolfazl Iraj Ali Akbar Hojjatollah Mojgan Nasser Razieh 25 31 31 34 27 30 29

M Babol F Abadeh, Shiraz

Shapour

22

M Behbahan

H.s.s.

Aug. 2, 88

Ahwaz

F.s.

190

A List of Victims

Surname

Name Jalal Nader Fariba Rahman Sirous Ali Reza Mina

Age Sex 28 28 26 33 34 22 30

POB

Edu. H.s. Dip. H.s.s. H.s. Dip. P. Dip. H.s. Dip. H.s. Dip. H.s. Dip.

Date Aug. 88 Aug. 88 1988 Oct. 88 Aug. 88 1988 Jul. 27, 88 1988

Place Gohardasht Gohardasht Tehran Zahedan Orumieh Isfahan Tehran Isfahan Isfahan Shiraz Evin Gohardasht Tehran Zanjan Evin Evin Evin Gohardahst

Method Hang. Hang. Ex. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. Ex. Ex. F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. Hang Hang F.s. F.s.

1538 Layeqi 1539 Lessani 1540 Lohrasbi 1541 Lorki 1542 Lotfi 1543 Lotfi 1544 Lotfi 1545 Lotfi 1546 Lotfi 1547 Lowlaii 1548 Maboodi 1549 Maboodi 1550 Maboodi 1551 Maboodi 1552 Mamour 1553 Madaen 1554 Madani 1555 Maddah 1556 Mahbian 1557 Mahbian 1558 Mahboubi 1559 Mahboubi 1560 Mahboubi 1561 Mahdavi 1562 Mahdavi Abkenari 1563 Maheronnaghsh 1564 Mahimani 1565 Mahjoub 1566 Mahjoubi 1567 Mahmood Abadi 1568 Mahmood Zadeh 1569 Mahmood Zadeh 1570 Mahmood Zadeh

M Tehran M Tehran F M Ramhormoz M Orumieh M Golpayegan F Abadan Golpayegan F

H.s. Dip.

Sep. 88 Dec. 88

Majid Hojjatollah Hassan Ezzat Ali Reza Seifoddin Leila Seyyed Morteza Mehdi Mina Minoo Hassan Hossein Moussa Abdol Majid Mohsen Jalal Jafar Hamzeh Amjad Akbar Asghar 25 36 22 35 27 29 29 21 30 32 28 28 23 21 21 26

M M Hamedan M M M Zanjan M F Tehran H.s. Dip. S. H.s.s. H.s. Dip.

1988 Aug. 88 Nov. 88 1988 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 1988 1988

M Tehran M Roodbar F F M M Tehran M Rasht M Borazjan M Abkenar, Anzali M Tehran M Babol M Roudsar M Zanjan M M Bandar Anzali Tehran Tehran

S. Univ. S. S. Univ. S. H.s. Dip. B.s. H.s. Dip. S. H.s. Dip. P. Dip. H.s.s.

Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Oct. 31 Sep. 88 Aug. 4, 88 Aug. 88 Sep. 88 Sep. 88 1988 1988 1988 Oct. 88

Gohardahst Gohardahst Rasht Gohardasht Gohardasht Evin Sari Roudsar Zanjan Shiraz

Hang Hang F.s. Hang. Hang. Hang. F.s. F.s. Ex. Hang. Ex.

Fasa Tehran

F.s. Ex.

Siavosh

Univ. S.

1988

191

Crime Against Humanity

Surname

Name

Age Sex 22

POB

Edu.

Date Nov. 88

Place Karoon Tehran Evin Evin Evin Hamedan Evin Evin Evin Rasht Evin Tehran Tehran Gohardasht Evin Evin Tehran Isfahan Evin Evin Evin Dezful Dezful Dezful Ahwaz Ahwaz Isfahan

Method F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang Exp. F.s. F.s. Hang F.s. Hang Hang F.s. Ex. Ex. Hang. Hang. F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang. Ex. F.s. F.s. Ex. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang. Ex. F.s.

1571 Mahmoodi 1572 Mahmoodi 1573 Mahmoodi 1574 Mahmoodi 1575 Mahmoodi 1576 Mahmoodi 1577 Mahmoodi 1578 Mahmoodi Far 1579 Mahmoodian 1580 Mahrami 1581 Mahyaii 1582 Majani 1583 Majazi 1584 Majd Amiri 1585 Majd-ol Hosseini 1586 Majdabadi 1587 Majid 1588 Majidi 1589 Majidi 1590 Majidi 1591 Majnoon Mohammadi 1592 Makiani 1593 Makiani 1594 Makiani 1595 Makvandi 1596 Makvandi 1597 Malakouti 1598 Malayeri 1599 Malayeri 1600 Maleki 1601 Maleki 1602 Maleki 1603 Maleki Akbar Manouchehr Mohammad Reza Asghar Abdol Rahim Abdol Karim Gholamreza Bijan Ali Hossein Mansour Ali (Asef) Mahvash Assadollah Shamsollah Ainollah Maryam Ahmad Arastoo Davood Sassan Mahmood Mansoor Abdol Ahad Ali Hassan Mohammad Abdol Rassoul Mohammad Reza Morteza Hossein Reza

M M 28 27 29 22 27 30 27 M M Tehran M Asad Abad M Tehran M Tehran M Ilam M Ardebil M 28 M Najaf M M Kermanshah 29 24 M Isfahan M Arak H.s.s. Univ. S. H.s.s. H.s. Dip. H.s. Dip. Univ. S. S. H.s. Dip. S. H.s. Dip.

1988 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Nov. 88 Aug. 88 1988 Nov. 88 1988 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Nov. 15, 88 1988 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Sep. 88

27

M Isfahan M Lahijan

H.s. Dip. H.s.s. H.s.s. H.s. Dip.

1988 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Nov. 88 Oct. 88

23 28

M Tehran M Tehran M

28 32 30 26

M Andimeshk M M Masjid Solaiman M Haftkal M Gazbarkhar

H.s. Dip. P. Dip. Univ. S. H.s. Dip. Univ. S. H.s.s. P. Dip. H.s.s. H.s. Dip. P. Dip. H.s. Dip.

Aug. 2, 88 1988 Nov. 88 Nov. 88 Aug. 6, 88

26 24 25 24

M Karaj F Tehran

Oct. 23, 1988 Gohardasht Mar. 89 Aug. 88 Nov. 88 1988 Jan. 89 Evin Gohardasht Kermanshah Dizelabad Shahroud

M Sonqor Koliaii M Kermanshah M Kermanshah

26

Shahroud

192

A List of Victims

Surname

Name Saeid Majid Javad Karimollah Mohammad Kazem Saeid Hossein Sattar Soudabeh Nasser

Age Sex 29 25 28 26 25

POB

Edu. H.s. Dip. H.s.s. H.s. Dip.

Date Aug. 88 Nov. 1, 88 Aug. 88 Sep. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 4, 88

Place Evin Tehran Evin Gorgan Gohardasht Isfahan Shiraz Isfahan Tabriz Tehran Gohardasht Mashad Evin Adelabad Evin

Method Hang. F.s. Hang. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. Ex. Hang. Hang. Hang. F.s. F.s. Hang. Ex.

1604 Maleki Anaraki 1605 Maleki Anaraki 1606 Malekian 1607 Mallahi 1608 Mamouli Karegar 1609 Manafi 1610 Manavi 1611 Mandegari

M Tehran M Tehran M

M Nokandeh, Dargaz H.s.s. M Tehran M Isfahan H.s. Dip.

20 22 34

M Firouzabad, Fars M Isfahan M Ahar F Arak

H.s. Dip. H.s. Dip. H.s. Dip. Univ. S. Univ. S.

Feb. 89 Aug. 4, 88 Aug. 9, 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 6, 88 Nov. 88

1612 Mansouri 1613 Mansouri 1614 Mansouri 1615 Mansouri (Male) 1616 Mansourian (Male) 1617 Mansourian Tabaii 1618 Maqssoudi 1619 Maqssoudi (Male) 1620 Maraiian 1621 Marandi 1622 Marati 1623 Mardani 1624 Mardani 1625 Mardfar 1626 Mardomi 1627 Marivani 1628 Marivani 1629 Marivani 1630 Marjouii 1631 Maroufkhani 1632 Maroufkhani 1633 Marzaji (Male) 1634 Mashhouli 1635 Mashhouli 1636 Mashouf

28

M Tehran

32 Kamaleddin Qassem Ali 28 28 55 Abbas Majid Reza Morad Mostafa Solaiman Jamshid Behzad Kamran Mehrdad Shahram Ahmad Majid 26 27 26 21 26 31 30 25 M M

Gorgan M mamasani M Tehran H.s. Dip. H.s.s.

Aug. 88 Nov. 23, 88 1988 1988 1988 H.s.s. H.s. Dip. H.s.s H.s.s Univ. S. H.s.s Aug. 88 Mar. 88 1988

Adel Abad Evin

Ex. Hang. F.s.

M Sanghar M Sar Pol-e Zahab M Tehran M Tehran M Tabriz M Sanandaj M M M Ardebil M Tehran M Karaj-shahriar

Aug. 24, 88 Gohardasht Aug. 6, 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 1988 Gohardasht Tabriz Gohardasht

Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang. F.s.

H.s. Dip. H.s.s. H.s. Dip. H.s. Dip.

Aug. 11, 88

Evin

Hang. Hang. F.s. Hang. Ex. Ex. Ex.

Aug. 14, 88 Mashad Sep. 4, 88 Jul. 30, 88 1988 Evin Gohardasht Gonbad Kavous

Mansour Nasser Majid

M M M

1988 1988 1988 Tehran

Ex.

193

Crime Against Humanity

Surname

Name Hamid Reza Sorour Gholam Hossein

Age Sex 25 30 25 33

POB

Edu. H.s.s.

Date Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88

Place Evin Evin Gohardasht Gohardasht

Method Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang.

1637 Mashoufi 1638 Mashadi Estarabadi 1639 Mashadi Ibrahim

M Tehran F

Estarabad, Mashad M.s. H.s. Dip. Univ. S.

M Tehran M Tehran

1640 Mashadi Mohammad Ali Ahmad Kharrat 1641 Mashadi Qassem 1642 Mashadi Reza 1643 Mashat 1644 Mashkouri 1645 Masjed Makki 1646 Masjedi 1647 Maslakhi 1648 Massih 1649 Massiha Langroodi 1650 Massoudi 1651 Massoudi 1652 Massoudi Far 1653 Massoumi 1654 Massoumi 1655 Massoumi Goudarzi 1656 Massouri 1657 Mastchi 1658 Mastchi 1659 Matloob Pasand 1660 Mayeli 1661 Mayeli Kohan 1662 Mazaher 1663 Mazaheri 1664 Mazar 1665 Mazeni 1666 Meftahi 1667 Mehdi 1668 Mehdi Pour Asghar Abolqassem Parviz Manijeh Saeid Massoud Alireza Hossein Reza Hamid Reza Iraj Ali Massoud Aziz Iraj Mojtaba (Farhad) Ibrahim Saeid Taher Issa Mehran Fereidoun Esmail Akbar Mohammad Ali Mohammad Abol Qassem

26 30 29 33

M M Mashad M Tehran M Ramsar Zahedan

H.s. Dip. P. Dip. H.s. Dip. H.s. Dip.

Jul. 30, 88

Gohardasht

Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang. F.s. Hang. Ex. Ex. Ex. F.s. F.s. Explo. Hang. Ex. F.s. F.s. Hang. Ex. Ex.

Aug. 16, 88 Mashad Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Gohardasht Evin Zahedan Gohardasht Orumieh Gatchsaran Langrood Zanjan Zanjan Evin Vakilabad Gohardasht Khorramabad Khorramabad Mashad

29 25 24 29 27 32 27 24

M Tehran M M Gatchsaran F Langrood

Univ. S. H.s.s. H.s. Dip. H.s. Dip. H.s.s. H.s. Dip. Univ. S. H.s.s. H.s. Dip. H.s. Dip. H.s. Dip. H.s. Dip.

Sep. 2, 88 Oct. 88 Sep. 88 1988 1988 1988 1988 Jul. 30, 88 Aug. 88 Oct. 26, 88 Dec. 88 1988 1988

M Zanjan M Zanjan M Bam M Baft, Kerman M

31 29 22

M Boroujerd M M Mashad M

28 27 29

M Kouchesfahan M Tehran M Tehran M Hamedan

H.s. Dip. H.s. Dip.

Dec. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Jan. 6, 89 Evin Tehran Tehran Isfahan Tehran Evin Ahwaz Evin Rasht

Hang. Hang. Ex. F.s. Ex. F.s. F.s. Ex. F.s.

33

M Isfahan M

Univ. S.

Aug. 3, 88 1988

25 22 26 23

M Gorgan M Khuzistan M M Rasht

H.s.s. H.s.s.

Aug. 88 1988 1988

H.s.s.

1988

194

A List of Victims

Surname

Name Sirous Mohammad Ahmad Ali Reza Farhad Majid

Age Sex 27 30

POB

Edu. H.s. Dip. Univ. S.

Date Sep. 88 Nov. 88 Nov. 88

Place Isfahan Lahijan Evin Gohardasht Tehran Rasht Roudsar Tehran Gorgan Tehran

Method Ex. F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. Ex.

1669 Mehdi Pour 1670 Mehdi Pour 1671 Mehdizadeh 1672 Mehdizadeh 1673 Mehdizadeh 1674 Mehdizadeh 1675 Mehdizadeh (Female) 1676 Mehrabian 1677 Mehrani 1678 Mehrchin 1679 Mehri Pour 1680 Mehri Rizi 1681 Mehrizi 1682 Mehrpour 1683 Memar 1684 Memaran Kashi 1685 Memarzadeh 1686 Menbari 1687 Mesgari 1688 Meshkat 1689 Meskin Bejar Sari 1690 Meymenat 1691 Mikaeel 1692 Minaei 1693 Mir Ali 1694 Mir Baqeri 1695 Mir Derigvand 1696 Mir Farough

M Masjed Suleiman M Ishka M

27

M Rasht M

H.s.s.

Aug. 3, 88 Nov. 88

25 18

M Astaneh Ashrafieh

H.s.s. H.s.s.

Jan. 89 Oct. 88 Dec. 88

Ali Mohsen Omran Mohammad Majid Hamid Reza Behrouz Akbar Afshin Samad Mohammad Jamshid Mohammad Hassan 38 Habibollah Mahmoud Hamid Khalil Abedin Seyyed Ismaeel Rahim 35 23 30 25 28 24 25 28 31

M M M M M M Tehran M Roudsar M Darab M Tehran M M Tehran M Gachsaran M M Roudsar M Tehran M M M Andimeshk M Borazjan M Loristan M Rasht M Sarvestan M Tehran M M Mashad M Mashad Univ.s. Univ. S. Univ. S. H.s.s. H.s. Dip. Univ. S. Univ. S. H.s.s. H.s.s. H.s.s. Univ. S. Ph.d.

Oct. 88 Sep. 88 1988 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Nov. 88 Oct. 88 Nov. 9, 88 Nov. 88 1988 1988 Aug. 88 Jul. 30, 88 1988 Dec. 7, 88 1988 Nov. 6, 88 1988 Aug. 88

Evin Evin Evin Shiraz Evin Darab Tehran Gachsaran

Hang. Hang. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. Ex.

Evin Gohardasht

Hang. Hang F.s.

Tehran Shiraz Evin Khorramabad

F.s. Ex. F.s. F.s.

Seyyed Mohammad 33 28 29 40 31 22

1697 Mir Hosseini Sarvestani Seyyed Farajollah 1698 Mir Jafari 1699 Mir Mohammadi 1700 Mir Seyyedi Anbaran 1701 Mir Shahidi Farshad Seyyed Morteza Hamid Jamshid

Dec. 19, 88 Adelabad Nov. 1988 1988 Nov. 22, 88 Sep. 88 Gohardasht Mashad Evin

F.s. Hang. Hang. F.s.

195

Crime Against Humanity

Surname

Name Reza Haji

Age Sex 26 50

POB

Edu. S.

Date Aug. 1, 88 1988 1988

Place Gohardasht Mashad

Method Hang Hang. F.s.

1702 Mir- Massoumi 1703 Mir- Mostafaee 1704 Mir- Vahab-zadeh 1705 Mir-ghalavand 1706 Mir-hadi 1707 Mir-karimi 1708 Mir-mohammadi 1709 Mir-mohammadi 1710 Mir-mohammadi 1711 Mir-mohammadi

M Lahijan M Zanjan

Abdollah Kioumars Reza Amir Seyyed-morteza Seyyed- Aghil Mehdi Monireh Mohammad- Ali Abbas Mohsen 26 43 Lotfali Ali Mohammad 26 25 64 29 40 34 28 25 40

M Hosseynieh-lorestan M Tehran M Gorgan M Ghaemshahr M Tehran M Qaemshahr M Tehran F M M Abadan M Tehran Tehran M Jiruft M Mashad M Arak Univ.s H.s.s. H.s.s. Univ.s. Univ. S. Ahwaz Univ. S. H.s.dip. S. H.s. Dip.

1988 Sep. 88 Oct. 25, 88 Aug. 88 Nov. 88 Oct. 88 Aug. 88 Dec. 88 Nov. 2, 88 Nov. 88 Aug. 88 Nov. 88 Aug.88 Aug.88 Nov. 88 Nov. 88 Aug.88 Dec. 88

Khoramabad Gohardasht Gorgan Gohardasht Evin Gohardasht Evin Ahwaz Rasht Adelabad Evin Evin Kerman Vakil Abad Arak Karaj Gohardasht Evin Rasht Evin Tehran Ahvaz Hamedam Zanjan Evin Hamedan Evin Evin Rasht Rasht

Ex. Hang F.s. Ex. F.s. Hang Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. Hang F.s F.s. Hang Ex. Hang Hang F.s. F.s. Hang F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang Hang F.s. F.s.

1712 Mir-moradi 1713 Mir-vaseh 1714 Miraian 1715 Mirabzadeh 1716 Mirfakhraie 1717 Mirsardu 1718 Mirshahi 1719 Mirza Mohammadi 1720 Mirza Zadeh 1721 Mirzadeh 1722 Mirzadeh 1723 Mirzai 1724 Mirzai 1725 Mirzai 1726 Mirzai 1727 Mirzai 1728 Mirzai 1729 Mirzai 1730 Mirzai 1731 Mirzai 1732 Mirzai Alivcheh 1733 Mirzai Ashkiki 1734 Mirzai Ashkiki

Mohammad Reza

25

M Abadan

Univ.s.

Parviz Hojjatollah Hossein Zahra Shahnaz Mohsen Mostafa Masoumeh Ahmad Ahmad Korous Kosoush

32 30 33 25

M Astaneh Ashrafieh M Varamin M Hamedan F F Ahvaz

P.dip. Univ.s. Univ.s. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. A S. H.s.dip.

Jul. 29. 88 Aug.88 Aug. 11, 88 Dec. 88 Sep. 88 Sep. 88 Aug. 11, 88 Aug. 4, 88 Aug.88 Aug.88

S. 20 23

M Zanjan M Hamedan F M M Isfahan Hamedan

21 22

M Khomam Rasht M Khomam Rasht

S. S.

Nov. 10, 88 Nov. 10, 88

196

A List of Victims

Surname

Name Ghassem (Palang)

Age Sex 35

POB

Edu. H.s.dip. B.s.

Date Jan. 89 1988 Dec. 88

Place Arak Evin Ahwaz Ahwaz Ahwaz Evin Estahbanat

Method F.s. Ex. F.s. F.s. Ex. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. Ex. F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. Ex. Hang Hang. F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. Hang. Hang.

1735 Mirzai Goudarzi 1736 Mirzai Hossein 1737 Miyahi 1738 Miyahi (Female) 1739 Miyahi (Female) 1740 Miyaneh 1741 Moaddab 1742 Moaddeli 1743 Moadi 1744 Moakkadi 1745 Moallemian 1746 Moayyeri 1747 Moazzami Goudarzi 1748 Moazzeni 1749 Moein 1750 Moein (Female) 1751 Moeini 1752 Moezzi 1753 Moezzi 1754 Moezzi 1755 Moezzi 1756 Moezzi Ismaeili 1757 Mobaraki 1758 Mobini Kesheh 1759 Modaressi 1760 Modarres Kamali 1761 Mofkham 1762 Moghaddam 1763 Moghaddam 1764 Moghaddam 1765 Moghaddam 1766 Moghaddam 1767 Mogharrab

M Arak

Habib 23

M Ahwaz Ahwaz Ahwaz H.s.s.

Dec. 88 Dec. 88 Nov. 88

Darioush Hassan Kavous Reza Hossein Khodadad Hamid-reza Mirza Ali Khodadad

25

M Tehran M Darab H.s. Dip. H.s. Dip.

Nov. 88

38

M Larestan M

Dec. 31, 88 Adelabad 1988 Gohardasht Semnan Tehran Evin Tehran Shiraz Tehran Tehran Tehran Gohardasht Orumieh Khoy Khoy Evin Evin Gohardasht Estahbanat Tehran Gohardasht Evin

29

M Sangsar, Semnan M

H.s. Dip.

Oct. 23, 88 Sep. 88

23 28 30

M Tehran M Boroujerd M Kazeroun

H.s.s. H.s.s. H.s. Dip.

Sep. 88 Oct. 88 Aug. 88 1988 Sep. 88

Reza Ashraf Hassan Ali Mohammad Behzad Ali Mehdi 31 28 24 26 23

M F Khoy H.s.s. H.s.s.

1988 Aug. 88 Oct. 88 1988 1988 H.s. Dip. H.s. Dip. H.s.s. Sep. 88 Oct. 88 Dec. 88 1988

M Khoy M Khoy M Khoy M M Shemiran M Tehran

Mehdi Majid Hamid Seyyed Ali-akbar Ali Qassem Mohammad Ali-akbar

27 25 30

M M Tehran M Tehran M

Univ. S. H.s.s.

Aug. 88 Aug. 88 1988

Sep. 29, 88 Karaj H.s.s. H.s.s. H.s.s. 1988 Sep. 88 Sep. 88 Jul. 28, 88 Mashad Sabzevar Mashad Tehran

24 29 21 30

M Sabzevar M Sabzevar M Sabzevar M Tehran

197

Crime Against Humanity

Surname

Name

Age Sex F

POB Tehran

Edu.

Date Jul. 28, 88 Dec. 1, 88

Place Tehran Evin Evin Evin Evin Mashad Evin Tehran Evin Evin Babel

Method Hang. F.s. Hang. Hang. Ex. Hang. F.s. Ex. F.s. F.s. F.s. Ex.

1768 Mogharrab 1769 Moghbeli 1770 Moghbeli 1771 Moghimi 1772 Moghimi Ghadi Kolaii 1773 Mohajer 1774 Mohajer 1775 Mohajer 1776 Mohajer Airomloo 1777 Mohajeri 1778 Mohammad Ali-zadeh 1779 Mohammad Hosseini 1780 Mohammad Hosseini Farshid (Farid) Massoud Saeid Karimollah Reza Maryam Mostafa Hamid Reza Ali (M.Reza) Shaban-ali Hossein Mohammad 26 32 31 27 27 21 25 22 29 23 30 28 25 29 25 25 25 26

M M Tehran M Hamedan M Qaemshahr M Ghaen F Zanjan H.s. Dip. H.s. Dip. H.s. Dip. H.s. Dip. H.s.s.

Aug. 88 Aug. 88 1988 1988 Oct. 88 Sep. 88

M Isfahan M Tehran M Isfahan H.s.s. H.s. Dip.

Feb. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Dec. 88 Nov. 88

M Kia-kola QaemshahrUniv. S. M Borazjan M Borazjan M M Ramhormoz M Makoo M Lahijan F F Tehran Tehran H.s. S. H.s. S. Univ. S. Univ. S. H.s. S. S. Univ. S. H.s. Dip.

Bushehr Vakilabad Ahvaz Orumieh Gohardahst Evin Evin Ahwaz Evin Evin Evin Evin Evin Shiraz Arak Shiraz Gohardahst Gohardahst Shahroud

F.s. Hang Ex. F.s. Hang Hang Hang F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang Hang F.s. Hang Ex. Hang Hang Hang F.s.

1781 Mohammad HosseinpourMehdi 1782 Mohammad Nejad 1783 Mohammad Nejad 1784 Mohammad Nejad 1785 Mohammad Rahimi 1786 Mohammad Rahimi 1787 Mohammad Rezaii 1788 Mohammad Rezania Jamal Sadeq Hadi Soheila Farangis (Mehri) Abdol-azim Ali Reza

1988 1988 Oct. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 1988

M Ahvaz M Shahr-e Ray M Tehran M Koochesfahan M

1789 Mohammad Taher Najar Saiid 1790 Mohammad Veisi 1791 Mohammad Zadeh 1792 Mohammad Zadeh 1793 Mohammad Zadeh 1794 Mohammad-abadi 1795 Mohammad-amini 1796 Mohammad-baqer 1797 Mohammad-khah 1798 Mohammad-khani 1799 Mohammadi 1800 Mohammadi Youness Rahim Shekar Gholamreza Reza Bahman Mohsen Hossein Saied Mehdi Ahmad

H.s. Dip.

1988 Aug. 88 Aug. 88

30 26

F M M

Tehran

B.s. H.s. Dip.

Aug. 88 1988 Sept. 88

27 25

M M Tehran M Arak

H.s. Dip.

1988 Aug. 9, 88

Univ. S. H.s. Dip. H.s. Dip.

Aug. 88 Sept. 88 1988 Aug. 88

26 28 28

M Behshahr M Masjed-soleiman M Tehran

Masjed-soleiman F.s. Gohardahst Hang

198

A List of Victims

Surname

Name Esmaeel Asghar Behrooz Saiid Shahnaz Ali Gholam Gholamreza Firouz Mohsen Mohsen Mohammad Mirza Minoo Valli Iraj

Age Sex M M 29 M

POB

Edu.

Date Aug. 88 Nov. 88

Place Evin Tehran Evin Evin

Method Ex. F.s. F.s. F.s.

1801 Mohammadi 1802 Mohammadi 1803 Mohammadi 1804 Mohammadi 1805 Mohammadi 1806 Mohammadi 1807 Mohammadi 1808 Mohammadi 1809 Mohammadi 1810 Mohammadi 1811 Mohammadi

H.s. Dip. Univ. S.

Aug. 88 Aug. 88 1988

M Zanjan F 31 30 28 23 26 22 28 M Ghom M M Shahrood M Masjed-soleiman M Masjed-soleiman M Kerman M Masjed-soleiman M 22 F M 27 M Behbahan Ghazvin

P. B.s. P. Dip. H.s. Dip.

Fev. 88 1988 1988 1988

Evin Adel -abad Shahrood

Ex. Ex. Ex.

Masjed-soleiman F.s. Esfahan Kerman F.s. F.s.

H.s. Dip. H.s.s. H.s. Dip.

Aug. 88 Aug. 88 1988 1988

1812 Mohammadi 1813 Mohammadi 1814 Mohammadi 1815 Mohammadi 1816 Mohammadi 1817 Mohammadi (Male) 1818 Mohammadi Arjangi 1819 Mohammadi Bahman Abadi 1820 Mohammadi Bahman Abadi

Masjed-soleiman F.s. Ex. Ghazvin Tehran Evin Ex. Ex. Exp. Ex. Gohardahst Evin Hang. Hang.

H.s. Dip.

Aug. 88 1988

H.s. Dip.

Aug. 88 1988

Abolghasem Reza

47 35

M Tehran M Tehran

P. B.s. B.s.

Aug. 88 Nov. 88

Maryam

28

Tehran

H.s. Dip.

Aug. 88

Evin

Hang.

1821 Mohammadi Ghanaddi Saied 1822 Mohammadi Gol Goli Ghobadi 1823 Mohammadi Khabbazan Asghar 1824 Mohammadi Mir MoghimiAli 1825 Mohammadi Moheb 1826 Mohammadi Rezaii 1827 Mohammadi Sarvestani Gholamreza 1828 Mohammadi Zadeh 1829 Mohammadi Zadeh 1830 Mohammadi-var Bahman Mahdokht Mehri Mostafa Doost Khoda

27 21

M Hashtpar Tavalesh Univ. S. M Lorestan S.

1988 1988

Rasht Pol-doghtar

F.s. F.s.

24 30 37

M Tehran M M

S. B.s.

Aug. 88 Dec. 88 Aug. 88 1988

Gohardahst Evin Gohardahst Esfahan Adel-abad Kerman Evin Tehran

Hang. Ex. Hang. Ex. F.s. F.s. Ex. Ex.

30

M Sarvestan M Kerman F F

P. Dip. S. Univ. S.

Fev. 88 1988 Aug. 88 1988

199

Crime Against Humanity

Surname

Name Nader Kazem Mohammad Reza Qasem Farhad Amir Hossein Mohseni Mohseni Mohsen Yahya Jafar Parviz Asgar Soheila Hossein Fakhri Soheila Massoud Ali-akbar Morteza Yahya

Age Sex 23

POB

Edu. H.s. Dip.

Date Aug. 88 1988

Place Esfahan Evin Someh Sara Gohardahst Evin Tehran Ahwaz

Method F.s. Ex. F.s. Hang Hang Ex. F.s. Ex.

1831 Mohammadian 1832 Moharrami 1833 Moheb Pour 1834 Moheb-ali 1835 Mohsen-poudeh 1836 Mohseni 1837 Mohseni 1838 Mohseni 1839 Mohseni Behbahani 1840 Mohseni Berej-abadi 1841 Mojaddad 1842 Mojahed Nia 1843 Mojarrad 1844 Mojaver 1845 Mojaver Aqili 1846 Mojtabaii 1847 Mokhtar Zadeh 1848 Molla Abbas Isfahani 1849 Molla Abdol Hosseini 1850 Molla Abdol Hosseini 1851 Mollazadeh 1852 Monem 1853 Monajatzadeh 1854 Montazeri 1855 Montazeri 1856 Morabbi

M Abadan M

28 28

M Fouman M Tehran M M

Univ. S. H.s. S.

1988 Aug. 9, 88 Aug. 88 1988

30

M M

H.s. S.

1988 1988

27 25

M Behbahan M Orumieh M

H.s. Dip. H.s. S.

Nov. 88 Oct. 88 1988

Behbahan Tabriz

F.s. F.s. F.s.

17 27 24

M Islamabad

H.s.s.

Aug. 88 1988 1988 1988

Evin Ardebil Tehran Kord Kouy Isfahan Evin Evin Gohardasht Evin Ardebil Tehran Evin Orumieh Vakilabad Tabriz Adel Abad Evin

F.s. F.s. Ex. Ex. F.s. Tor. Hang. Hang. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. Ex. F.s. F.s. Hang F.s.

M Parsabad, Moghan H.s. Dip. F M H.s. Dip.

28 24 25 35 29 29

F F

Isfahan Tehran S. H.s.s. Univ. S. Univ. S. H.s.s.

Aug. 6, 88 1988 Aug. 88 Aug. 3, 88 Aug. 88 Feb. 89 Sep. 88

M Isfahan M Tehran M Tehran M Ardebil

Majid Mahmoud Morteza Behrooz

22

M Tehran M Ramsar

H.s.s.

Feb. 89 Dec. 88

22 24 30

M M Tabriz M Sarvestan M M Ghaleh Kohneh Noor Abad

H.s.s. H.s. Dip. H.s. Dip.

Nov. 88 Aug. 88 1988 Aug. 88 1988

1857 Morad Zadeh Sarvestani Jalal 1858 Moradi 1859 Moradi Bagher Sahan

1860 Moradi 1861 Moradi 1862 Moradi Far

Ali-asghar Ghavam

28 30

M Kermanshah M Shiraz M

H.s. Dip. H.s. Dip. H.s. Dip.

1988 Dec. 88 1988

Kermanshah Adel Abad Shiraz

Ex. F.s. Hang

Mohammad Bagher 26

200

A List of Victims

Surname

Name Manijeh

Age Sex 28 F

POB Masjed Soleiman

Edu. H.s. Dip.

Date Aug. 88 Aug. 88 1988

Place Ahvaz Gohardasht Dezful Evin Shiraz Ilam Ilam Kerman Ahwaz Evin Gohardasht Evin Shiraz Kermanshah

Method F.s. Hang. Ex. Hang. Hang. F.s. Tor. Ex. Ex. Hang. Hang. Hang. Tor. F.s. Ex.

1863 Moradi Shalal 1864 Moravvej 1865 Morid Ali 1866 Moridi 1867 Moridi Vatan 1868 Morovvati 1869 Morovvati

Seyyed Mohammad 27 Ali Manzar Mohammad Baqer Abdonnabi Mohammad Nabi 30 24 28 27

M Shahriar, Karaj M F M M Ilam M Ilam M Shahr Babak M M Univ. S. P. Dip. H.s. Dip. Tehran H.s. Dip.

Dec. 88 1988 Aug. 9, 88 Aug. 9, 88 Dec. 88 1988 Aug. 88

1870 Morshedi Shahr Babaki Mohammad Ali 1871 Morshedzadeh 1872 Mortazavi 1873 Mortazavi 1874 Mortazavi 1875 Mortazavi Tazangi 1876 Mortezaii Sanjabi 1877 Moshaq 1878 Moshref 1879 Moshrefeddin 1880 Moshtaqi 1881 Mossadeqi Far 1882 Mossalli 1883 Mossavat 1884 Mossavat 1885 Mossayyeb Pour 1886 Mosslehi 1887 Mosslemi 1888 Mostafaii 1889 Mostafavi 1890 Mostafavi 1891 Mostafavi Khoii 1892 Mostowfi 1893 Mostowfi Zadeh 1894 Motahhari 1895 Motamed Farahnaz Hassan Mohsen Jafar Mansoureh Abbas Mohammad Reza Ali Kayvan Rahim Mehdi Mahmoud Kiomars Fereshteh Reza Rahim Seyyed Hassan Seyyed Hossein Mohammad Reza Shahriar Mohammad Majid Bahram Mahmoud

31 29 32 26

M Isfahan M Gilan M Tehran M Kermanshah M

H.s. Dip. B.s. H.s. Dip. H.s. Dip.

Aug. 88 1988 Sep. 88 Nov. 88 1988

25

M Qom M

H.s.s.

Aug. 9, 88 1988

Gohardasht Ahwaz Gohardasht Isfahan Tehran

Hang. Ex. Hang. Ex. Hang. Ex.

30

M Babol M Isfahan F

H.s. Dip.

Aug. 88 1988

H.s.s.

1988 1988 Dec. 1, 88 Aug. 88 Nov. 88 1988 1988

24

M Borazjan M Borazjan

Boushehr Gohardasht Tehran Qazvin Ashtarnian Tehran Tehran Evin

Ex. Hang. F.s. Ex. Ex. Hang. F.s. Hang. F.s.

26 27 32

M Hashtpar, Tavalesh H.s. Dip. M Tehran M M M Tehran M M M M Hamedan M F Rasht Phd Univ. S. Univ. S.

1988 Nov. 88 Aug. 88 Dec. 88 1988 Aug. 88 Nov. 88

Hamedan

Ex. Hang.

Rasht

F.s.

201

Victims of 1988 Massacre

Seyyed Mojtaba Olama

Ibrahim Pak Aghideh

Javad Paykhoush

Hushang Pir Nezhad

Mahmoud Poolchi

Abbas Poorsaheli

Sakeineh Qaderi

Ayyoub Qahremani Fam

Manuchehr Qandehari Aliveije

Shahrooz Rahsaz

Rahim Rajoli

Monireh Rajavi

Arzhang Ramaghi Abkenar

Hamid Reza Ramezanpour

Samad Ranjbar Shoordel

Mahmoud Rastgar

202

victims of 1988 Massacre

Mahshid Razzaqi

Mahammad Roud

Gerami Roudari

Jalil Sabouhian

Mohammad Sadeqi

Mohammad Reza Sadeqi

Vahid Saeid Nezhad Qomi

Abdollah Saeidi

Hamid Safai

Maryam Saghari Khodaparast

Ibrahim Sahraghard

Parviz Salimi

Mehran Samad Zadeh

Ismail Senjedian

Seyyed Mohammad Seyyed Ahmadi Qoshchi

Seyyed Mohsen Seyyed Ahmadi Qoshchi

203

Victims of 1988 Massacre

Ahmad Seyyedian

Mohammad Reza Shariati

Parviz Sharifi

Nasrin Shojaei

Morad Shojaei

Qorban (Kourosh) Shojaei

Hassan Shokrollahian Cheshmeh

Azar Soleimani

Saeid Soleimani

Ali Taheri

Ramin Tahmasebian

Mohammad Talebi

Mohammad Baqer Tamaddon Abad

Bahram Tarz Ali

Ahmad Tasharrofi

Maryam Tavanaeanfar

204

victims of 1988 Massacre

Mohammad Ali Toutounchian

Ahmad Ali Vahhabzadeh

Mohammad Hossein Vazin

Daryoush Yousefi

Mahnaz Yousefi Louyeh

Farhad Zare

Mohammad Zakeri

Fatemeh Zarei

205

Crime Against Humanity

Surname

Name Rashid (Amir) Reza Rahmatollah

Age Sex 27 22 25

POB

Edu. H.s. Dip. H.s.s. H.s.s. H.s. Dip. P. Dip.

Date Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Dec. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88

Place Rasht Rasht Evin Evin Tehran Rasht Somehsara

Method F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang. F.s. Ex. Ex. F.s. F.s. Ex. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. Hang. Hang. Hang. F.s. Hang. Ex. Ex. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang Hang Hang. Hang. Hang

1896 Mottaqi Talab 1897 Mottaqi Talab 1898 Mottaqian 1899 Moussakhani 1900 Moussavi 1901 Moussavi 1902 Moussavi 1903 Moussavi 1904 Moussavi 1905 Moussavi 1906 Moussavi (Female) 1907 Moussavi Fard 1908 Moussavi Nezhad

M Rasht M Rasht M Tehran M Zarghan Marand F Tehran

Moussa (Homayoun) 31 Ashraf Rahim Seyyed Jamshid Seyyed Abbas Mahmoud Mehdi 20 Seyyed Nasser Reza 26 28 31 26 33 29 29 26 31 29 24 34

M Paresar, Hashtpar M Somehsara M M M Qaemshahr Jahrom M Arak M M Rasht M Shahr-e Kord M Shahr-e Kord M Birjand M Babol M Qouchan M Qouchan M Qom M Tehran M Islamabad M 25 26 M Mianeh M Ramsar Shahr-rey H.s.s. H.s.s. H.s.s. H.s.s. H.s. Dip. H.s. Dip. H.s.s. H.s. Dip. B.s. H.s. Dip. H.s. Dip. H.s.s. H.s. Dip. Univ. S.

Sep. 29, 88 Karaj 1988 Sep. 88 Sep. 88 Jan. 89 Sep. 88 Aug. 3, 88 Isfahan Gorgan Shiraz Arak Evin Gohardasht

1909 Moussavi Pour LafmajaniBahman 1910 Moussavian 1911 Moussavian Dehkordi Seyyed Mahmoud Alireza Khalil Massoud

Aug. 24, 88 Isfahan Aug. 88 Sep. 88 Aug. 88 1988 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 1988 Mashad Mashad Babol Vakilabad Vakilabad Tehran Evin

1912 Movaddi 1913 Movahhedi

1914 Movaqqar Moghaddam Asghar 1915 Movaqqar Moghaddam Gholam Hossein 1916 Mowlaii 1917 Mozaffari 1918 Mozaffari 1919 Mozaffari 1920 Nabavi 1921 Naddafian 1922 Naderi 1923 Naderi 1924 Naderi 1925 Naderi-nia 1926 Nadimi 1927 Nadimi 1928 Naeim Javad Mohammad Reza Ebadollah Manouchehr Majid Abbas Ahmad Heshmat Mohammad Reza Mir Faraj Saeid

Sep. 28, 88 Islamabad 1988 1988 Oct. 88 Nov. 88 Shiraz Zanjan Tonekabon Evin Ilam Evin Mashad Dizelabad Gohardasht Evin

27 27 23 40 27 28

M Haft-Cheshmeh M Savadkooh M Mashad M M Kermanshah M Tehran

H.s. Dip. H.s.s. S.

Nov. 88 Aug. 88 1988 1988

Univ. S. H.s.dip.

Aug. 88 Aug. 4, 88

206

A List of Victims

Surname

Name

Age Sex

POB

Edu.

Date 1988

Place Takestan Eilam Evin Vakil Abad Vakilabad Gohardashet Tehran Vakil Abad Evin Tehran Tehran Arak Kermanshah Rasht Darab Tehran Shiraz Gohardashet Arak Arak Shiraz Evin

Method Hang F.s. Hang Hang Hang Hang Ex. Hang Hang. F.s. Ex. F.s. Hang. Hang. F.s. Ex. Ex. Hang Ex. F.s. F.s. Hang Hang

1929 Nafti 1930 Nagami Zad 1931 Nagash Zadeh 1932 Nagavi 1933 Nagdi 1934 Nagdi Dorabati 1935 Nagi Nejad 1936 Nagi Pour Amir Zadi 1937 Najaf Qolian 1938 Najafabadi 1939 Najafabadi 1940 Najafi 1941 Najafi (Maleki) 1942 Najafi Azad 1943 Najib Zadeh 1944 Najjarian 1945 Nakhaii 1946 Nalbandi 1947 Namakian 1948 Namakian 1949 Namavar 1950 Namdar 1951 Namdar 1952 Namdar-akbari 1953 Namdar-malayeri 1954 Namdari-masjedi 1955 Namjoo 1956 Namvar 1957 Namvar 1958 Namvar 1959 Namvar 1960 Nankoli 1961 Nankoli Mousa Massoud 28 28 28 Mohammmad Rafie 31 Mojtaba Gholamreza Akbar (Ali) Fatemeh Qandallah Safar Mahtaj Abedin Reza Ebrahim Akbar Ahamad Habib Alah Mohammad Hassan 30 Ali Ali-ashraf Farah Gholamreza Hassan Shahrokh Ali Seyf-aldin Nahid Nassrin Hajar Simin Faraj 27 26 30 23 33 31 31 30 33 27 32 22 35 25 M Eilam M Tehran M Bojnored Bojnored M Tehran M Tehran M M Tehran M M M Khomain F M M Darab M M M Tehran M M Arak M M F M Tabriz M Arak M Masjed-soleyman M Roodsar M Ardabil F F F F M Qazvin Sonqor H.s.s. H.s.s. Univ. S. S. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. Univ. S. B.s. H.s.dip. S. H.s.dip. H.s. Dip. H.s. Dip. H.s.dip. H.s.s. B.s. H.s.dip. H.s.dip.

Aug. 88 Aug. 89 Aug.89 Aug. 90 Aug. 88 1988 Nov.7.88 Aug. 88 1988 1988 1988 1988 1988 Aug. 88 1988 1988 Aug. 9, 88 1988 1988 1988 Aug. 88 1988 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 1988 Aug. 88 28 Aug. 88 1988 1988 Aug. 88 Sep. 88 1988

Tabriz Arak

Ex. F.s.

Masjed-soleyman F.s. Roodsar Evin Gohardasht Gohardasht Gohardasht Evin Evin Hang Hang F.s. Hang Hang Hang. F.s.

207

Crime Against Humanity

1962 Nansa R Surname 1963 Naraqi 1964 Narimani 1965 Naseri 1966 Naseri 1967 Naseri 1968 Naseri-raz Lighi 1969 Nasir Moghdam 1970 Nasouri 1971 Nasrabadi 1972 Nasrabadi 1973 Nasri 1974 Nasri 1975 Nasrollahi 1976 Nassabi 1977 Nassaj 1978 Nassari 1979 Nasserian 1980 Nassim 1981 Nassiri 1982 Nassiri 1983 Nassiri 1984 Nassiri 1985 Nateghi 1986 Navaei 1987 Nazar Ali Kasmaei 1988 Nazar Ali Zadeh 1989 Nazari 1990 Nazari 1991 Nazem-albaka 1992 Nazemi 1993 Nazemi 1994 Nazemi 1995 Nazemi Ruhollah Abbas Ali 30 27 M Ilam M Khoy M H.s.dip. Univ.s. H.s. Dip. Javad Hossien Saber Qassem Ashraf Mahmoud Fereidoun Ahmad Hamzeh Iskandar 22 29 28 28 30 Mansoureh Name Mohammad Ramin Shahrokh Mahmoud Manoucher Massoud Nazr Pouran Majid Nasr Seyyed M.Mehdi Qodrat Iraj Azamossadat Mahmoud Kaveh Mahmmoud Fakhri 32 29 31 25 26 26 25 28 30 30 29 26 25 25 27 25 F Tehran Age Sex POB M M Tehran M Ilam M M M Tehran M Poul Dokhtar F Kermanshah H.s.dip. H,S.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.s. Univ. S. H.s.dip H.s. Dip. P.dip. H.s. Edu. Dip. 1988 Date Aug. 88 Aug. 88 1988 Aug. 88 1988 Aug. 2, 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 1988 Dec. 88 Aug. 88 1988 P. Dip. H.s.s. Univ. S. H.s.s. S. Isfahan H.s.s. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. 1988 Tehran Place Evin Evin Evin Gohardasht Tehran Gohardasht Khoram Abad Ghohardasht Tehran Evin Hamedan Tehran Shiraz Hang. Method Hang. Hang. F.s. Hang F.s. Hang F.s. Hang F.s. Ex. F.s. Ex. Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang Ex. Vaki Abad Mashad Tehran Anzali Hang Hang F.s. F.s. Ex. Hang Evin Tehran Hamedan Roodsar Evin Golpayegan Ilam Orumeih Evin Hang. Hang. F,S. F,S. Hang F.s. Ex. F,S. F.s.

M Sabzevar M M Hamedan M M M Kermanshah M M Karaj M F

Aug. 29, 88 Gohardasht 1988 Vakilabad

Aug. 13, 88 Gohardasht 24 Aug. 88 1988 Aug. 88 Aug. 89 Feb. 89 Aug. 88 1988 1988 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 89 Aug.88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 1988 Sep.88 Nov. 88 Evin

M Mashad M Mashad M Tehran M Abkenar Anzali M F

M Kasma Someh Sara H.s.dip. M Tehran M Malayer M Amlash Roodsar M Northern Iran S. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.s.

208

A List of Victims
1996 Nazemi R Surname 1997 Nazeri 1998 Nazeri 1999 Nazeri 2000 Nazeri-fini 2001 Nazeri-fini 2002 Naziri Kameneh 2003 Neghban 2004 Nejati 2005 Nejati Katamjani 2006 Nejati Moharrami Amin 2007 Nemat Baksh 2008 Nemat Baksh 2009 Nemat Baksh 2010 Nemati 2011 Nemati Mohammad Reza Moosa Mohammad Reza Farshid{Nagi} Abbas Amir Asgar Ali Hassan 19 29 21 31 27 29 35 27 M Tehran M Eilam M Sabzvar M Ghazvin M Tehran M M Tabriz M Tehran M Kochesfahan S. Univ.s. H.s. H.s. Dip. P.dip. Univ.s. Jafar Ahmad Hossein Zahra Abdollah Massoud Ali Firouz 27 31 25 19 M Gilan M Kazeroon M Terhan F M M M M Mianeh Univ.s. Tehran H.s.dip S H.s. Dip H.s.dip. B.s. Akbar Reza Sofia Ghanbar Yadollah(li) Name Javad Reza Manouchehr Zahra Mohammad Reza Khosrow Hossein Majid Seyyed Hossein Age M Hamadan Sex POB 25 23 29 25 23 28 25 25 29 31 24 23 26 28 M Tehran M M Tehran F Kashan H.s.s. Edu. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. Univ. S. H.s.dip. Univ.s. H.s.dip. H.s.s. H.s. Dip. H.s. Dip. Aug. 88 Date 30 Jul. 88 2 Aug. 88 Aug. 3, 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 89 Aug. 88 Sep. 1, 88 Evin Place Gohardasht Kashan Gohardasht Isfahan Isfahan Evin Rashet Mashad Evin F.s. Method Hang F.s. Hang F.s. F.s. Hang Hang Hang. Hang. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. Ex. Hang F,S. Ex. Hang F.s. Hang. F.s. Hang. Hang Ex. Hang. F.s. Hang. F.s. Ex. Hang. F.s. Zanjan F.s.

M Kashan M M Rashet M Mashad M Bandar Anzali _ Bojnourd

Aug. 16, 88 Vakilabad Aug. 88 Aug. 4,88 Aug. 88 Isfahan Isfahan Isfahan Gohardasht Evin Evin

M Isfahan M Isfahan F Isfahan H.s.dip

M Talgan

Aug.16, 88 1988 Aug. 88

2012 Nemati Arab 2013 Nemati Zadeh 2014 Nematirad 2015 Nemati{ Varki} 2016 Nematolahei 2017 Nematolahei Arab 2018 Nemoneh Khah 2019 Neshati 2020 Nezam Pasand 2021 Nezam Zadeh 2022 Nia Jalili 2023 Niakan 2024 Niakan 2025 Niakan 2026 Niavand 2027 Niayesh 2028 Nick-khah 2029 Nick-khah

Sep. 21, 88 Eilam 1988 Aug. 88 1988 Aug. 88 Aug.14, 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 1988 Aug. 88 1988 Evin Evin Evin Evin Tabriz Evin Rashat Adel Abad Evin Kazeroon

Aug. 13, 88 Gohardasht Nov. 88 Oct. 88 Aug. 88 Dec. 88 1988 Orumieh Tehran Gohardasht

209

Crime Against Humanity

Surname

Name Reza Mohammadreza Ali Hossein Fatemeh Zahra Ali-asghar Fariba Ali-asghar Mohammad Mohammad Ali Ahmad Ali Ibrahim Hojjatollah Homayon Ismael Kheirollah- Rashid Ali(kheirollah) Mohsen Naser Hamid Hamid Farhad Ahmad Jalal Hossein Adel Ali Ali Gholam Ghodratollah Mohammad Mohammad Shfieh

Age Sex M 25 25 25 28 26 22 27 22 26 29 30 23

POB

Edu.

Date Sep. 88

Place Shiraz Rasht Adelabad Gohardasht Evin Shiraz Evin Shiraz

Method F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. Exe. Ex.

2030 Nickar(nickan) 2031 Nickfar 2032 Nicknam 2033 Nicko 2034 Nicko-eghbal Tak 2035 Nickopour 2036 Niclo 2037 Niclo-pourdeilami 2038 Nik Kar 2039 Nikbin 2040 Nikfar 2041 Nikfar 2042 Nikkhah 2043 Nikkhoee 2044 Nikpour Farrokh 2045 Nikravesh 2046 Nilghaz 2047 Nilghaz 2048 Niri 2049 Niri 2050 Niroomand 2051 Niroomand 2052 Noorbakhsh 2053 Noori 2054 Noori 2055 Noori 2056 Noori 2057 Noori 2058 Noori 2059 Noori 2060 Noori 2061 Noori 2062 Noori

M Roodsar

S.

Aug. 88 Dec. 88 Aug. 88 Dec. 88 Dec. 88 Sep. 88 Dec. 88 Nov. 88 Aug. 11, 88 Aug. 88 1988 Dec. 88 Aug. 88

M Norabad-mamsani Univ.s. M Tehran F Tehran S. H.s.dip H.s.dip. S. H.s.dip. S. S Univ. S H.s.dip H.s.dip

M Ahwaz F Tehran

M Ahwaz M M Tehran M Roodsar M Shalman M Kouchesfahan M

Gohardasht Rasht Rasht Rasht Gohardasht Gohardasht Gorgan Tehran Tehran Tehran Tehran Mashad Kazeroon Tehran Evin Gohardasht Evin

Hang. F.s. F.s. Ex. Hang Hang. Explo. Hang. F.s. Ex. Hang. Hang. F.s. Tor. F.s. Hang. F.s. Hang. F.s. Ex. F.s. Hang. Hang Ex.

29 30 27

M Tehran M M Shariar Karaj M M

Univ. S H.s.dip H.s.dip. H.s.dip.

Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Sep. 88 Sep.88 1988

22 27 18 20 27 23

M Tehran M M M M M Kermanshah M

S H.s.dip S

Aug. 88 1988 Nov. 88 1988 1988

Aug. 11, 88 1988

28

M Tehran M

H.s.dip

Aug. 16, 88 Gohardasht Sep. 88 1988 Aug. 88 Tehran Shiraz Gohardasht Gohardasht Evin

31 26 29 27 22

M Galoodar Larestan H.s. Dip M Kermanshah M Tehran M Tehran M H.s.dip H.s.dip S

Aug. 9, 88 Aug. 88 1988

210

A List of Victims

Surname

Name Mahmoud Narghes Naeem Mohammad Mahnaz Ismael

Age Sex M 23 F M 30 29 26 30 24 25 25

POB

Edu.

Date Aug. 88

Place Evin Orumieh Evin Gohardasht Gohardasht Evin Evin Evin Evin Gohardasht Gohardasht Shiraz Evin Evin Evin Evin Adel Abad Gohardasht Gohardasht Orumieh Evin Evin Gohardashet Gohardasht Gohardasht Gohardashet Karaj Khoram Abad Isfahan Evin

Method Hang F.s. Ex. Hang. Hang Ex. F.s. Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang F.s. Hang. Hang. Hang. Ex. Ex. Hang. Hang. Ex. F.s. Hang Hang Hang. Hang Hang Ex. F.s. F.s. Hang Ex.

2063 Noori 2064 Noori 2065 Noori 2066 Noori Nik 2067 Noori Nik 2068 Noormajdei

Orumieh

Sep. 88 1988

M Tehran F Tehran

H.s.dip Univ. S H.s.s. Univ. S. H.s. Dip S H.s.dip

Aug. 9, 88 Oct. 88 Sep. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88

M Tehran F F Noor Mazandaran Noor Mazandaran

2069 Noormohammad Noori Parvaneh 2070 Noormohammad Noori Saleheh (Saghi) 2071 Noormohammadi 2072 Noormohammadi 2073 Noormohammadi 2074 Noorozi 2075 Noorozi 2076 Noorozi 2077 Noorozi 2078 Noorozi 2079 Noorozi 2080 Noorozi 2081 Noorozi 2082 Noorozi 2083 Noorozi 2084 Noorozi 2085 Noparvar 2086 Nosrati 2087 Nosrati Koshro 2088 Nour Amin 2089 Nour Amin 2090 Nouraei 2091 Nouraei Motlag 2092 Nourani Javan 2093 Nozari 2094 Olama 2095 Olfati Ismael Zidollah Mansour Ismael Taghi Tahmoures Ali Feraydoon Kazem Kianoush Mohammad Mohammad Reza Mehdi Naser Mohammad Farzin Ahamad{Morad} Ahmad Reza Mohammmf^Jza Jahangir Ali Mohammad Habib Alah Seyyed Mojtaba Shahpour

M Tehran M Sarab M

38 28 26

M M Roodsar M Someesara M

P.dip H.s.dip S

Dec. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88

19 25 26 30 31 24 25 27 34 25 26

M M M Karaj M Shahriar M Orumeieh M Tehran M Tehran M M Shahriar, Karaj M Gilan M Tehran M

H.s.dip

Sep. 88 Dec. 88

Univ.s H.s.dip P. Dip H.s.dip Univ. S

Aug. 88 Aug. 88 1988 Sep. 88 Aug. 88 Aug.6, 88

Ph.d. S H.s.dip.

Aug. 1, 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Jan.10, 89

25 23 26

M Kohdasht M Isfahan M Tehran M Fahlian Hassani

H.s.dip. H.s.dip.

Jan, 89 Aug.4. 88 Aug. 88 Nov. 88

29

M Tehran M Gilan-e Gharb

H.s. Dip.

Feb. 89 Aug. 6. 88

Evin Islam-abad

F.s. Ex.

211

Crime Against Humanity

Surname

Name Mohammadreza Fariba

Age Sex 26 27 F

POB

Edu. Univ. S.

Date Aug. 88 Dec. 88 Sep. 88 Nov. 88 1988 Aug. 88

Place Ahvaz Shiraz Evin Evin Gohardasht Ahvaz Ahvaz Tabriz Gohardasht Gohardasht Tehran Evin Tabriz Gohardasht

Method Ex. Ex. Hang F.s. Ex F.s. Ex. Hang. Ex. Hang. Hang. Hang. Ex. F.s. Ex.

2096 Omidi 2097 Omidi 2098 Omoumi 2099 Omrani 2100 Omrani 2101 Onsori 2102 Oraki 2103 Oranghi 2104 Oranghi 2105 Osati 2106 Ostad-rahimi 2107 Ostevari 2108 Ozlati 2109 Pahlavan Neshan 2110 2111 2112 2113 2114 2115 2116 2117 2118 2119 Pak Aghideh Pakbaz Paki Pana Mohammadi Panah Bar Khoda Panahei Panahei Panahei Panahei Vaghar Panjeh Shahi

M Andimeshk Isfahan

M Isfahan Mostafa Zahra Nasrin Hossein Ali Ali Mohammad-reza Kambiz Ismael Morteza Ibrahim Maryam (Sara) Ali Peyman 26 23 32 25 27 Khodaverdi Shahin Mehrdad Afshar 32 30 32 25 27 27 32 29 29 28 32 M Songhor F F Abadan Masjed Suleiman H.s.dip. H.s.dip S/ S/ Univ.s. P.dip. S H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.dip.

Oct. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Jul. 30, 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 1988 Sep. 88 1988 Oct. 88 1988 Sep. 88 Aug. 88 1988

M Tabriz M M Karaj M Tehran M Tehran M Tabriz M Isfahan M Some-e Sara M Tehran M Tehran M Kerman Mianeh M Qaemshahr M Kazeroon M M Hamedan

Evin Tehran Kerman Mianeh Qaemshahr Evin Evin Evin Tehran Durood Mashad Mashad Behbahan Behbahan Mashad Gohardasht Noushahr Shiraz

Hang. Tor. F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang. F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang. F.s. F.s.

H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.dip.

Sep. 88 Feb. 89 Sep. 89 Sep. 89

2120 Papay 2121 Parandeh 2122 Parendeh 2123 Parsa 2124 Parsi 2125 Parsi 2126 Partoovi 2127 Parvareh 2128 Parvizi

Nemat Bahram Ali Mohammad Babak Kazem Mohammad Ali Ahmad Amir Hossein 48 25 28 28 22 35

M Durood M Mashad M Masha M Behbahan M Kermanshah M Sabzevar M M M Shiraz P.dip. P.dip B.s. H.s.dip. S

Nov. 88 Aug. 1988 1988 Nov. 88 Nov. 88 1988 Aug. 88 Nov. 11, 88 1988

212

A List of Victims

Surname

Name Amir Hassan Jamshid Mohammad Reza Mashallah Mansour Javad Jalal Abbas Cheraghi Farshid

Age Sex M 29

POB

Edu.

Date Sep. 88

Place Evin Evin Evin Kerman Isfahan

Method Explo. F.s. F.s. Ex. F.s. Hang. Ex.

2129 Parvizi 2130 Pasandideh 2131 Pasha 2132 Pavoshki 2133 Paydar Arani 2134 Paydar Arani 2135 Paykhoush 2136 Paymard 2137 Pazira 2138 Peshkehei 2139 Peykar

M Katalem Ramsar M

H.s.dip.

Aug. 88 Oct. 88

22 25 31 29

M Shahr-e Babak M Aran Kashan M Aran Kashan M M

H.s. S. Univ. S. Univ. S.

Dec. 88 Sep. 88

Aug. 17, 88 Evin 1988 1988 Shiraz Tehran

Ex. F.s. F.s.

32

M Arak M Koochesfahan M

H.s.dip.

1988 1988 Oct. 20, 88

Tehran Evin

Ex. Explo. F.s. F.s. F.s. Tor.

2140 Pezhman Far (Ahmadi) Mahbobeh 2141 Pirnezhad 2142 Pirooz Ram 2143 Pirooz Zadeh 2144 Pishevari Keshmesh Tappehei 2145 Poolchi 2146 Poor Ghazian Isfahani 2147 Poor Ramazan 2148 Poor Razi 2149 Poor Rosta 2150 Poor Salehi 2151 Poor Zahmat 2152 Pooralhosseini 2153 Pooreyvaz 2154 Poorhashem Tabrizi 2155 Poorheshmat Housahg Safarali Naser Ahmad Ali

34 33 28 33 27

M M Sannadaj M Hamedan M Tehran M Makoo

Ph.d Univ. S. H.s.s. Univ. S. H.s.dip.

Sep. 88

Aug. 23, 88 Orumeieh Aug. 3, 88 Sep. 88 1988 Evin Ahvaz Makoo

Mahmoud (Hamed) 28 Mehdi Majid Ali Massoud Abbas Rahim Zia Fazan Ahmad Mohammad 29 25 26 24 28 27 26 26 26 23 27 32 29

M Tehran M Tehran M Shiraz M Qoochan M M M Eastern Azarbijan M Gachsaran M Astara M Roodsar M Northern City F F F M M Abadan Abadan

H.s.dip. S Univ. S. H.s.dip.

Feb. 27, 89 Aug. 1988 Aug. 6, 88 Nov. 88 Aug. 88 Nov. 88

Evin Evin Gohardasht Mashad

F.s. Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang.

Evin Evin Adel Abad Karaj Rashat Evin Shiraz

F.s. Hang. Ex. F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang. F.s.

H.s.dip. S H.s.dip.

Aug. 88 1988 Jan. 89 Oct. 88 Aug. 88

2156 Poorkashkooli Qashqaei Fatemeh 2157 Poorkashkooli Qashqaei Farzaneh 2158 Poormirza Arya

S H.s. Dip. H.s.dip. H.s.dip.

Jan. 89

Dec. 16, 88 Shiraz Aug. 88 1988 Nov. 88 Evin Rashat Tehran

2159 Poormohammad Doost Reza 2160 Poormohmmad Massoud

213

Crime Against Humanity

Surname Jafar Jalali

Name

Age Sex

POB

Edu.

Date

Place

Method

2161 Poornasir 2162 Poornourooz 2163 Poorsafir Abkenari 2164 Poorsaheli 2165 Poostinchi 2166 Pouei 2167 Qadaksaz 2168 Qadaksaz 2169 Qadaksaz (Female) 2170 Qadami 2171 Qaderi 2172 Qadiri 2173 Qadiri 2174 Qadiri 2175 Qadiri 2176 Qadiyani 2177 Qahremai Fam 2178 Qahreman 2179 Qahremani 2180 Qahremani 2181 Qahremani 2182 Qahremani 2183 Qahremani 2184 Qajar 2185 Qalavand 2186 Qalavand 2187 Qalavand 2188 Qalavand 2189 Qalavand 2190 Qaleii 2191 Qaleii 2192 Qane Shater

Saber Behzad Saber Abbas

28 28

M Abkenar Anzali M Ilam M

H.s.dip. H.s.dip.

Aug. 88 Sep. 88 1988

Rashat Dizel Abad Rashat Gohardasht Qoochan Evin Tabriz Evin Azarshahr Amol Ahwaz Tabriz Tabriz Tabriz Tabriz Tehran Evin Vakilabad Ahwaz Gohardasht Tehran Tehran Gohardasht Evin Dezful Andimeshk Khorramabad Dezful Dezful Evin Evin Mashad

F.s. F.s. Ex. Hang. F.s. Hang. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. Hang. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s.

33

M Tehran Qoochan

H.s.dip.

Aug. 9, 88 Dec. 1, 88 Aug. 88

Mohammad Rahim Majid 25 31

M M Azarshahr M Azarshahr H.s. Dip Univ. S.

Sep. 88 Aug. 88 1988

Houshang Sakineh

29 34

M Qaemshahr F Abadan

H.s.s. P. Dip.

Jan. 89 1988 Sep. 88 Sep. 88 Sep. 88 Sep. 88

Mojtaba Ayyoub Behnam Bijan Hassan Morteza Mostafa Mansour Mohammad Ali Hojjat Ollah Shahnaz Abdshah Mohammad Reza Yahya Nader Nasser Mohammad

27 24 24 29 26

M Tehran M Bonab M Mashad M Ahwaz M Shahriar M M

H.s.s. H.s.s. H.s.s. Univ. S. H.s.s.

Aug. 88 Feb. 89 1988 Jul. 31, 88 1988 Sep. 88 Sep. 88 Jul. 30, 88 Nov. 25, 88

33

M Zanjan M

25

M Andimeshk F Andimeshk

H.s.s.

Aug. 5, 88 1988

22 25 25 29

M Andimeshk M Dezful M Andimeshk M M

H.s.s. H.s. Dip H.s. Dip H.s. Dip

1988 Aug. 5, 88 Aug. 5, 88 Aug. 88 Jan. 17, 89

F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. Ex. Hang.

25

H.s. Dip

Aug. 88

214

A List of Victims

Surname Hossein Pour

Name

Age Sex

POB

Edu.

Date

Place

Method

2193 Qane Tabrizi 2194 Qanat Abadi 2195 Qanavati 2196 Qanavati 2197 Qanbari 2198 Qanbari 2199 Qanbari 2200 Qanbari 2201 Qanbari 2202 Qanbari 2203 Qanbari 2204 Qanbari 2205 Qanbari Mehri Esmail Nassrollah Esmail Taymour Hassan Saeid Shahnaz Taher Ali Houshang Yousef

32 29 24 26 35 29 31 30 F

Shiraz Tehran

Univ. S. H.s. Dip H.s. Dip

Aug. 88 Sep. 88 1988 Aug. 88 1988

Ahwaz Evin Mahshahr Tehran Gohardasht

F.s. Ex. F.s. F.s. Hang.

M Mahshahr

M Bandar-e Mahshahr H.s. Dip M Hamedan M Masjid Solaiman M Hamedan H.s. Dip H.s. Dip

1988 Aug. 88 1988 Oct. 88 Sep. 88 1988

Masjid Solaiman F.s. Evin Hasht-par Hang. F.s.

M Hasht-par, Tavalesh Univ. S. F M Lahijan M Masjid Solaiman

Masjid Solaiman F.s. Evin F.s.

Masjid Solaiman F.s. Kerman Shiraz F.s. Ex.

31 32

M Jiroft M Gallehdar-e Larestan

H.s. Dip Elemen.

Nov. 88 1988

2206 Qandehari 2207 Qandehari Alavijeh 2208 Qaneii 2209 Qaraii 2210 Qarecheii 2211 Qarecheii

Baqer Manouchehr Hassan Mehdi Morteza Hadi Khosrow Yadollah Reza Bijan Ali Ali Reza

23 29 32 30 28

M M Shemiran M Rasht M Torbat Jam M M

H.s. Dip H.s. Dip H.s. Dip P. Dip. H.s. Dip H.s. Dip H.s. Dip B.s.

Aug. 88 Nov. 88 Aug. 88 Sep. 88

Evin Gohardasht Rasht Mashad

F.s. Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang. Ex. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. Hang. F.s. Hang.

Aug. 16, 88 Mashad Aug. 16, 88 Mashad Sep. 88 1988 Nov. 88 Isfahan Mashad Tehran Shiraz Tehran Arak Shiraz Gohardasht Orumieh Evin Gohardasht Evin

2212 Qashqaii 2213 Qashqaii 2214 Qashqaiyan 2215 Qassab Nezhad 2216 Qassemi 2217 Qassemi 2218 Qassemi 2219 Qassemi 2220 Qassemi Shokriyazi 2221 Qassempour 2222 Qassempour 2223 Qavami

29 30

M Isfahan M M

33

M Kazeroun M M Arak

H.s. Dip

1988 Dec . 88 Nov. 88

25 Ramin Salman Ali Reza Qassem Siavosh 29 26 28 26

Shiraz M Rasht M Salmas M M Tehran M Lahijan

P. Dip. H.s. Dip/ H.s. Dip H.s.s. Univ. S. H.s. Dip

Feb. 89 Jul. 30, 88 Sep. 88 Aug. 88 1988 Aug. 88

215

Crime Against Humanity

Surname

Name Mohsen Mohammad Parviz Massoud Hossein Ali

Age Sex 35

POB

Edu. P. Dip

Date Aug. 88 Jul. 30, 88

Place Rasht Gohardasht Tehran Evin Evin Evin Ahwaz Evin Evin Evin Evin Evin Evin Rasht Evin Hamedan

Method F.s. Hang. Ex. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. Ex. Ex. Hang. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s.

2224 Qavami 2225 Qazi (Hosseini) 2226 Qazi Tabatabai 2227 Qazi Tabatabai 2228 Qazvini 2229 Qiamati 2230 Qiami (Female) 2231 Qobad 2232 Qobadian 2233 Qobadian (Female) 2234 Qobadian (Female) 2235 Qobadpour 2236 Qodratabadi 2237 Qodrati 2238 Qodsinia 2239 Qoli Pour

M Siahkal M

20 26 31 24

M Tabriz M M Kermanshah M

H.s. Dip H.s.s. Univ. S. H.s. Dip

1988 Jan. 89 Sep. 88 Nov. 88 1988

Hassan Hamid 37

M Ahwaz M F 35 F M Ahwaz M 25 33 27 M Kouchesfahan F M Ganj Tappeh

H.s.s. B.s.

1988 Aug. 88 Aug. 88

B.s. H.s.s.

Aug. 88 Sep. 88 Aug. 88

Manouchehr Mohammad Youness Simin Shaban Ali

29

H.s.s. Univ. S. Univ. S.

Aug. 88 Sep. 88 Aug. 4, 88

2240 Qoli Pour 2241 Qoli Pour 2242 Qolizadeh 2243 Qoraishi 2244 Qoraishi

Mahmoud Mahmoud Massoud Seyyed Abolfazl Massiha (Seyyed Massih) 27 28

M Qaemshahr M M Fouman M Semnan M Zanjan H.s.s. H.s. Dip

Dec. 88 Sep. 88 Aug. 88 Nov. 88 Aug. 9, 88

Qaemshahr Zanjan Evin Semnan Gohardasht

F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. Hang.

2245 Qoraishi 2246 Qoraishi 2247 Qoraishvandi 2248 Qorban Ali 2249 Qorban Nezhad 2250 Qorbani 2251 Qorbani 2252 Qorbani 2253 Qorbani Ardestani 2254 Qorbanzadeh

Mahin Mahin

28 25

F F

Northern Iran Naqadeh H.s.s.

Aug. 88 1988 1988

Evin Orumieh

Ex. F.s.

Masjid Solaiman Ex. Evin Gilan Hang. Ex. F.s. Tehran Evin Evin Shiraz Hang. Hang. Hang. F.s.

Mohammad Reza Ali Bahram Ali Mahin Senobar Hossein

25 32 29 25 27 31

M Tehran-kan M Roudsar M Sari M Tehran F F M Ardestan

H.s.s. Univ. S. H.s.dip H.s.s. Univ. S. Univ. S.

Aug. 88 1988 1988 Aug. 88 Sep. 88 Sep. 88 Dec. 88

216

A List of Victims

Surname

Name Ayyoub Hadi Behrouz Yassin (Youssef)

Age Sex 27

POB

Edu. H.s.s.

Date Sep. 88 1988 Sep. 88

Place Evin

Method Hang. Ex.

2255 Qorbanzadeh Givi 2256 Qoron (Qoran) 2257 Qowmian 2258 Qowssi

M Givi Khalkhal M M

Tehran Bandar Abbas

F.s. F.s.

20

M Gallehdar-e Larestan

S.

Nov. 88

2259 Raies Karimi 2260 Raies Karimi 2261 Rabii 2262 Rabii 2263 Rabii 2264 Rabiizadeh 2265 Rabinejad 2266 Radmanish 2267 Radmanish 2268 Rafii-pour 2269 Rahati 2270 Rahbar 2271 Rahbari 2272 Rahbari 2273 Raheli-khorasani 2274 Rahii 2275 Rahii 2276 Rahimi 2277 Rahimi 2278 Rahimi 2279 Rahimi 2280 Rahimi 2281 Rahimi 2282 Rahimi 2283 Rahimi 2284 Rahimi 2285 Rahimi 2286 Rahimi-moozam

Ali Asghar Mohammad Taghi Abbas Nasser 29 30

M M M M Hamedan S. P.dip. Univ.s.

1988 1988 Aug.88

Adelabad Shiraz Ghazvin

Hang Hang F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang. F. S. Hang. Ex. F.s. Ex. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. Ex. F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s.

Aug. 18, 88 Hamedan Nov.88 1988 H.s.dip. H.s.dip. S. Jan.89 Aug. 88 Sep. 88 Sep. 88 Nov. 8, 88 1988 H.s.dip. Nov. 88 1988 B.s. H.s.dip. H.s.s. 1988 Feb. 89 Aug. 88 Oct. 88 Nov. 1, 88 Jul. 30, 88 Tehran Evin Rasht Evin Ghohar-dasht Nowshahr Khoy Rasht Adelabad Evin Mashad Eivn Tehran Gorgan Adelabad Fasa Orumeh Tehran Evin Evin Evin

Ebrahim Yadollah Homa Aliasghar Ali Ali Asghar Mahmoud Gholamali Majid Mehdi Mostafa Mansoor 37 21 32 23 25 53 25 33 25 23 34

M M Lahijan F M Kermanshah M Chalous M Tehran M Langarouid M Fassa M Tehran M Mashad M Tehran M Tehran Ghazvien

Ahmad Pari Kherollah Sohilla Kayvan Mehdi Mitra Hassan

37 26 19 28 26

M Salmas F Tehran

H.s.s. H.s.s. S. H.s.dip.

Sep. 88 Aug.88 Aug. 88 Sep. 88 Oct. 88 1988

M Ardebil F M M M Kermanshah Kermanshah

H.s.dip. Univ.s.

Aug. 88 Aug. 9, 88

Kermanshah Ghohar-dasht

F.s. Hang.

32

M Tehran

217

Crime Against Humanity

Surname

Name Mehrdad Tahmores Ali-reza Mojtaba Ismail Hassan Satar(aziz) Fereydoun Mehdi Nasser Mohsen

Age Sex 24 40 30 M

POB

Edu. Univ.s. M.s. B.s.

Date Oct. 88 Oct. 88 Aug. 4, 88 Oct. 88

Place Adelabad Gorgan Isfahan Isfahan Zahedan Tehran Ghazvin Shahr-e Kord Ghohar-dasht Tehran Adelabad Adelabad Evin Ilam Ghohardasht Ilam Arak Tabriz Tabriz Tabriz Tabriz Tabriz Tabriz Shiraz

Method Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. Ex. F.s. Hang. Hang. F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang. F.s. Hang. F.s. Ex. Ex. Ex. Hang. F.s. F.s. Ex. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. Ex.

2287 Rahimian 2288 Rahimnejad 2289 Rahimzadeh 2290 Rahimzadeh 2291 Rahmani 2292 Rahmani 2293 Rahmani 2294 Rahmani 2295 Rahmani 2296 Rahmani 2297 Rahmanian 2298 Rahmanian 2299 Rahmanzadeh 2300 Rahmati 2301 Rahmati 2302 Rahmati 2303 Rahmatian 2304 Rahnama 2305 Rahnama Nia 2306 Rahnama Nia 2307 Rahnama Nia 2308 Rahnamayan 2309 Rahsaz 2310 Rahsepar 2311 Rahsepar (Female)

M Gorgan M Isfahan M

23 27 24 30

M Aghajari M Shahrood M Ghazvien M Saman M Rasht

H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.dip.

Oct. 88 1988 1988 1988

H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.s.

Aug. 88 1988 Oct. 88 1988 Aug. 88

28 24

M Tehran M Jahrom

H.s.dip.

Nasser

38

M F Ilam S. H.s.dip. H.s.dip.

1988 Nov. 88 Aug. 9, 88 Oct. 88

Abdolrahman Marzieh

27 26

M Gorgan F Ilam

Mohammad-taghi Davoud Kazem Mohammad Taghi Naghi Shahrooz Farideh

33

M Tabriz M Tabriz

H.s.dip. Univ.s. Univ.s H.s.dip.

Sep. 9, 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 9, 88 Aug. 88 1988

29 30 30 25

M Tabriz M Tabriz M F F Kazeroun Tabriz

H.s.dip.

1988 1988

Aug. 23, 88 Shiraz Aug. 88 H.s.dip. Aug. 88 Oct. 88 H.s.s. Oct. 88 Aug. 88 Tehran Hamedan Semnan Gorgan

2312 Rahshbdez 2313 Rajabi 2314 Rajabi 2315 Rajabi 2316 Rajabi 2317 Rajabi 2318 Rajaii 2319 Rajaii

M. Mehdi Hossein Hamid M.Ebrahim Mohammad-Hassan Nasrin Ahmad Ali-reza

24 28

M Tehran M Hamedan M

58

M M

26 32 30

Elame

H.s.dip. P.dip. H.s.s.

Aug. 9, 88 Oct. 88 Oct. 88

Elame Khoramabad Evin

F.s. F.s. F.s.

M Boroojerd M Tehran

218

A List of Victims

Surname

Name Ghasme Fatemeh Mohammad-ali Monireh Arjang Mohammad-ali Hurieh Habib

Age Sex 31 26

POB

Edu. H.s.dip. H.s.dip.

Date Aug. 88 Oct. 88 Aug. 88

Place Rasht Evin Ghohardasht Evin Hamedan Sari Rasht

Method Hang. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. Ex. Hang. Hang. Tor. Tor. Ex. Hang. F.s. Hang. Ex. F.s. Ex. F.s. F.s.

2320 Rajaii 2321 Rajaii-poor 2322 Rajaiifar 2323 Rajavi 2324 Ramaghi Abkenari 2325 Ramesh 2326 Ramezan Nejad 2327 Ramezani 2328 Ramezani 2329 Ramezani 2330 Ramezanian 2331 Ramezanlou 2332 Ramezanpour

M Rasht(sangar) F M Asstar

38 26 25 23 26

Mashad

Univ.s. H.s.dip. S. H.s.s.

Oct. 88 Aug. 2, 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 1, 88

M Khoi M Babol-sar F M M Islamabad M Babol M Ghouchan M M Lahijan M Rasht Rezvanshahr

Dec. 16, 88 Evin 1988 H.s.dip. H.s.s. Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 3, 88 Univ.s. H.s.dip. Jul. 29, 88 Sep. 8, 88 1988 Islamabad Gorgan Mashad Gohardasht Lahijan Evin Ghohar-dasht Tehran Lahijan Tehran Rasht Shiraz Evin Ghezel-hessar

Mohammad Hossein 17 Yussef Siamak Saeid Hamidreza 29 23 27 32 27

2333 Ramezanpour Bandarchi Hamid 2334 Ramini 2335 Ramzi Esmaili 2336 Ranjbar 2337 Ranjbar 2338 Ranjbar 2339 Ranjbar 2340 Ranjbar 2341 Ranjbar 2342 Ranjbar Boroumand 2343 Ranjbar Masourei 2344 Ranjbar Masourei 2345 Ranjbar Shoureh Del 2346 Rasekhi 2347 Rashid 2348 Rashid-marandi 2349 Rashidi 2350 Rashidi 2351 Rashidi 2352 Rashidi Reza Reza Zahra Mohammad Hadi Parviz Taher Tahereh Samad Shahrokh Abbas Ahmad Amir Hassan Hamid Sirous Behzad

28

M Tehran

H.s. Dip.

Aug. 89 1988

26

M Ghaemshahr M Rasht

Aug. 88 1988 Univ.s. H.s.s. Jan. 89 1988 1988 1988 H.s.s. 1988 1988 H.s.s.

30 21 27 35 25 29 26 28

Shiraz

M Ghaemshahr M Kalachai Rasht M Boushehr M Andimeshk F M Tehran M M

Dezful

F.s. F.s. Hang Hang. F.s. Hang. Hang. F.s. Ex. Ex.

Aug. 15, 88 Gohardasht Aug. 88 Oct. 88 Aug. 88 Evin Evin Evin Evin Tehran Evin Shiraz

38 29

M M Tehran M Tafresh H.s.dip. S. S.

Aug. 88 1988 1988 Oct. 88

25

M M Khonj

219

Crime Against Humanity

Surname

Name Mohsen Mohammad Gholam-hossein Massoud Massoud Amir Saeid Ali Mohammad Saeed Reza Mohammad Mahmood Mehrdad Amir Ibrahim (Ebi) Nasser Ahmad Abass Mehdi

Age Sex 24 26 27 31

POB

Edu. S. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. B.s.

Date Sep. 88 Oct. 88 Nov. 88 Aug. 88 1988 1988

Place Evin Ahwaz Ahwaz Evin Tehran Evin Tehran Evin Ahwaz Ahwaz Tabriz Rasht

Method Hang. Ex. Ex. Hang. Ex. Ex. Ex. Hang. F.s. F.s. Ex. F.s. Ex. F.s.

2353 Rashidi 2354 Rashidi 2355 Rashidian 2356 Rashtchian 2357 Rashtian(rashidain) 2358 Rasooli 2359 Rasooli 2360 Rasooli 2361 Rasooli 2362 Rasooli-nejad 2363 Rastgar 2364 Rastgar 2365 Rastgar 2366 Rastgoo 2367 Ravandi 2368 Ravijzadeh 2369 Raybi 2370 Rayhani 2371 Rayhani 2372 Rayhani 2373 Rayhani 2374 Rayshahri 2375 Raysi 2376 Raysi 2377 Razaghai 2378 Razaghai 2379 Razavi 2380 Razavi 2381 Razban 2382 Razi 2383 Razip0ur 2384 Reghbati 2385 Reghbati

M Tehran M M Haftgol M Zanjan M M M Tehran M

Univ.s.

19.88 Aug. 88

36

M Tehran M Tehran

H.s.dip. Univ.s. S. H.s.dip.

1988 1988 1988 1988 Jul. 31, 88 1988 Jan. 89

25 26 27

M Tabriz M Rasht M Rasht M M

Tehran Evin Hamedan Hamedan Tehran Hamedan Hamedan Boushehr Evin

Fs. Hang. F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. Ex.

25 30 25 27 25

M Andimeshk M Boroojerd M Hamedan M Hamedan M Hamedan Hamedan

H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.dip.

Oct. 88 Oct. 88 Jul. 29, 88 Aug. 88 Jul. 28, 88 1988 Sep. 88

Saeid Saeid Ahmad (mohsan) Mahshid(Hossen) Seyyed Ahmad Gholam Farideh Rajab-ali Zeinolabedin Morteza Mostafa

30

M Tehran M Boroojerd

Univ.s. Univ.s. H.s.dip.

Aug. 88 1988 Aug. 88 Aug. 88

24 34 30

M Shmeran M Shmeran M Masjed Soleiman M

Gohardasht Gohardasht

Hang. Hang.

H.s. Dip.

Nov. 14, 88 1988

Masjed Soleiman F. S. Evin F. S. Hang. Hang. F. S. Evin Tehran F. S. F. S.

35 19

Tehran

M.s. H.s.s. H.s.s. H.s. Dip. H.s. Dip.

Aug. 19, 88 Tehran Aug. 88 1988 Aug. 88 1988 Tabrez

M Fooman M Babol

25 30

M Shabestar Rasht M

220

A List of Victims

Surname

Name Rahim (Issa) Ali-asghar Abdolah Gholam

Age Sex 30 38

POB

Edu. H.s.s.

Date Sep. 88 1988 Sept. 88 Sept. 88 Sept. 88

Place Evin Evin Bandar Abbass Bandar Abbass Tehran Evin Isfahan

Method Hang. Hang. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex.

2386 Rejli(rahmani) 2387 Reza 2388 Reza Shahi 2389 Reza Shahi 2390 Rezai 2391 Rezai 2392 Rezai 2393 Rezai 2394 Rezai 2395 Rezai 2396 Rezai 2397 Rezai 2398 Rezai 2399 Rezai 2400 Rezai 2401 Rezai 2402 Rezai Jahromi 2403 Rezai Nikoo 2404 Reza-khani 2405 Reza-pour 2406 Reza-soltani 2407 Reza-zadeh 2408 Reza-zadeh 2409 Reza-zadeh 2410 Reza-zadeh 2411 Reza-zadeh Qassab Saraee 2412 Reza-zadeh-eslam 2413 Rezaee Torqabeh 2414 Rezaee-zadeh 2415 Rezaian 2416 Rezvani 2417 Rezvani

M Maragheh M M Bandar Abbass M M

Asghar Akbar Parisa Hassan Hassan Daryoush Shahrokh Shahriar Abbass Alireza Nadereh Manouchehr Mahmoud Asghar Ahmad Fatemeh Soudabeh(zohreh) Gholamreza Kourosh Mohammadreza Reza

30

M Tafresh M

H.s.dip.

Aug. 88 Sep. 88

27 25

Shahr-e Ray

1988 Aug. 88 1988 Student 1988 Aug. 88 P.dip. H.s.dip. Dec. 88 Aug. 6, 88 Oct. 88 Nov. 88 H.s.dip. S. Aug. 88 Sep. 88 Aug. 9, 88 Oct. 88 S. Sep. 88 1988 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 H.s.dip. Aug. 88 Evin Evin Kermanshah Gohardasht Evin Gohardasht Ahwaz Ahwaz Gohardasht Gohardasht Gohardasht Tehran Tehran Evin Gohardasht Tehran Evin Evin

M Qouchan M North Iran

Hang. Hang. Ex. Ex. Hang. Hang. Hang. Ex. Ex. Hang. Hang. Ex. Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang. Ex.

22 28 28 29

M Kermanshah M North Iran M Masal M Tehran M F

28 31

M Abadan M Tabriz M M

22 22 26 23 30 33

F F Tehran

S. H.s.dip S.

M Abadan M Tehran M M Someeh Sara

Reza Hojat Alireza Mohammad Hossein Alireza 26 26 28 30

M Someeh Sara M M M Roudsar M Tehran M Tehran

H.s.dip. P. Dip.

Aug. 88 1988 Oct. 88

Evin Samarqand Tehran Roudsar Isfahan Gohardasht

Hang. Tor. Ex. Ex. F. S. Hang.

Student H.s. Dip. H.s. Dip.

1988 Aug. 4, 88 Aug. 9, 88

221

Crime Against Humanity

Surname

Name Gholamreza Naser Gholamreza Hamid Hakimeh

Age Sex 31 28 30 33 27

POB

Edu. B. S. H.s. Dip.

Date Nov. 88 Aug. 88 1988

Place Evin Gohardasht

Method Hang. Hang. Ex.

2418 Rezvani 2419 Rezvani 2420 Rezvani 2421 Riazi 2422 Rizvandi 2423 Robati 2424 Rocky-(shojahi) 2425 Rocky-poor 2426 Roofbashar-doost 2427 Rosoom-jalali 2428 Rostamalipoor 2429 Rostamani-elvar 2430 Rostami 2431 Rostami 2432 Rostami 2433 Rostami 2434 Rostami-(shahraji) 2435 Rostami-sofiani 2436 Rostamian-sofani 2437 Rostamzadeh 2438 Roud 2439 Roudari 2440 Roudari 2441 Rouh 2442 Rouh Parvar 2443 Rouhandeh 2444 Rouhani 2445 Rouhani 2446 Rouhani 2447 Rouhollah Zadeh 2448 Rouhparvar 2449 Rousta 2450 Roustaii

M Shahroud M Gilan M Mashad M Dareh Gaz F Ilam

H.h.dip. H.s.dip.

Aug. 88 Aug. 9, 88 1988

Mashad Ilam

Hang. F.s. Ex.

Hamid Abdolreza Ahmad Davood Parviz Nemat(rostam)

21 35 24

M Masjid-soliman M Masjid-soliman M Ostara M Babol M

H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.s.

Sep. 88 Aug. 88 1988 1988 Sep. 88

Masjid-soliman Masjid-soliman Tehran Babol Evin Tehran Masjid-soliman Shiraz Zanjan Zanjan Rasht Tabriz Tabriz Makoo Evin Kerman Kerman Rasht Tehran Zahedan

F.s. F.s. Hag. F.s. Hang. Ex. F.s. Hang. F.s. Ex. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. Ex.

25

M Elvar-village

H.s.s.

1988 Aug. 88

Hamid Majid Majid Mohdokht Ali Abbas Akbar Mohammad Siamak Gerami Hassan Assad Faramarz

26 29 25 26 30 35 29 26 31 31 27

M Abadan M Zanjan M Zanjan F Rasht

H.s.dip. P.dip. S. S.h.dip. H.s.dip. P.dip. S. Univ.s.

1988 1988 1988 1988 1988 1988 Aug. 9, 88 Nov. 88 1988 Aug. 7, 88

M Sofian-tabriz M Sofian-tabriz M Makoo M Tehran M Roudbaft M Kerman M Rasht M

H.s.dip.

1988 Sep. 88

18

M Babol

S.

1988 1988

Zahra Farideh Mehdi Ahmad Massoud Gholamhossein 27 33 29

F F

Qaemshahr Qaemshahr H.s.dip. H.s.dip. B.s. H.s.dip.

Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Nov. 22, 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88

Qaemshahr Qaemshahr Babol Evin Evin. Evin

F.s. Ex. F.s. Hang. Hang. Hang

M Babolsar M Tabriz M Rasht M

222

A List of Victims

Surname

Name

Age Sex

POB Mahshahr

Edu.

Date 1988 1988 Sep. 88

Place Ahwaz

Method F.s. F.s.

2451 Roustaii 2452 Rouzbehani 2453 Rouzbehani 2454 Rouzehdar 2455 Rouzgari 2456 Rouzitalab 2457 Rouzitalab 2458 Saadat 2459 Saadati 2460 Saadati 2461 Sadollah-zadeh 2462 Sab-e 2463 Sabagh 2464 Sabaghian-khamenah 2465 Sabar 2466 Saber Bachemir 2467 Saberi Leaf Shagerdi 2468 Sabet Raftar 2469 Sabet Raftar 2470 Sabohian 2471 Sabouri 2472 Sabouri 2473 Sabri 2474 Sabzdel 2475 Sadaf 2476 Sadat Hosseini 2477 Sadat Hosseini 2478 Sadat Hosseini 2479 Sadat Hosseini 2480 Sadegh 2481 Sadegh 2482 Sadegh-baygi 2483 Sadegh-baygi Abolfazl Hassan Payam Farhad Parivash Hossein 23 29 27 60 27 Nader Majid Mohammad 25 31 Hossein Roghieh(mansoureh) 34 Daryioush Nasser Hossien Mansoor Davood Nassir Hadi Reza Massoud Jalil Sanobar 26 27 30 29 28 26 24 22 25 Hossein Majid Adel Karim Ahmad Parviz 25 23 M F 27 M M

Tehran Evin Tabriz Shiraz Shiraz

F.s. F.s. F.s. Ex. F.s. F.s.

M Shahre Rei M Tabriz M Shiraz M Shiraz Babol

Univ.s.

Nov. 88 Sep. 88 1988

S. H.s.dip.

Nov. 88 Oct. 88 Aug. 88

Gohardasht Shiraz Tehran Urumieh Sari Qaemshahr

Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. Tor. Hang. F.s.

Shiraz

H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.s. H.s.s. H.s.dip.

Dec. 88 Nov. 88 1988 1988 Aug. 88 1988 Aug. 9, 88

M Tehran M Orumieh M Babol M Tehran M M M Rasht M Tehran M Tehran M Hamedan F Karman Amol M Tabriz M Masjed Soleiman M Kashan Jahrom Jahrom M Jahrom M Jahrom M Borojard M Ramsar F M Tehran

Gohardasht Gohardasht Gohardasht Evin Hamedan Evin Amol Tabriz

Hang. Hang. Hang. F.s. F.s. Ex. Hang. F.s.

H.s.s. H.s.dip. Univ. S. H.s.dip. Univ.s.

Jul. 30, 88 Jul. 30, 88 Jul. 30, 88 Aug. 88 1988 1988

Univ.s.

Sep. 88 1988

Masjed Soleiman F.s. Isfahan Shiraz Shiraz Shiraz Shiraz Ahwaz Ramsar Tehran Gohardasht F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s.

H.s.s.

Aug. 2, 88 1988 1988

H.s.dip.

Dec. 88 1988

H.s.dip.

1988 Sep. 88

Univ.s. P.dip.

Oct. 88 Aug. 88

223

Crime Against Humanity

Surname

Name Mohsen Nader Mohsen Hossein Mohsen Abolhassan Bahman Hossein Ali Mohammad Mohammad-reza Mohammad-reza Mostafa Vahid Rasha Ali

Age Sex 27 29

POB

Edu. Univ.s. H.s.dip.

Date Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88

Place Evin Evin Gohardasht Gohardasht Gohardasht Qom Hamedan Shahrood

Method F.s. F.s. Ex. Hang. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. Ex.

2484 Sadegh-baygi 2485 Sadegh-kaya 2486 Sadegh-nejad 2487 Sadegh-zadeh 2488 Sadegh-zadeh-ardbily 2489 Sadeghi 2490 Sadeghi 2491 Sadeghi 2492 Sadeghi 2493 Sadeghi 2494 Sadeghi 2495 Sadeghi 2496 Sadeghi 2497 Sadeghi 2498 Sadeghi 2499 Sadeghi 2500 Sadeghi 2501 Sadeghi 2502 Sadeghi 2503 Sadeghi(sarami) 2504 Sadeghi-ala-mooti 2505 Sadeghi-amiri 2506 Sadeghi-tearabadi 2507 Sadeghian 2508 Sadeghian 2509 Sadeghian 2510 Sadghi 2511 Sadghi

M Tehran M Ramsar M M Hamedan

27 38 25 31

M Tehran M Qom M M Shahrood M Karmanshah

Univ.s. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. B.s.

Aug. 88 1988 Sep. 88 Sep. 88 1988

35 24 38

M Tehran M M M

H.s.dip. H.s.s. H.s.dip.

Aug. 88 Oct. 88 Sep. 88 Oct. 88

Gohardasht Evin Sanandaj Evin Evin

Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s.

32

M M

B.s.

Oct. 88 Aug. 88 Nov. 29, 88

27 25

M Shahrood

Evin

Hang.

Kaymarz Nahid Firooz Ali Abbas Haydar Ahmad Zohreh Fatemeh

25

M F Univ.s. Ph.d.

Aug. 88 1988 Jan. 89 Aug.1988 H.s.dip. S. 1988 Aug. 88

Evin Isfahan Tabriz Tehran Babol Gohardasht

Hang. F.s. Hang. Hang. F.s. Hang. F.s.

60 30 27 25

M Tabriz M Alamoot M Amirkolah-babol M Tehran M Hamedan F F

Aug. 14, 88 Hamedan Aug. 88 Aug. 88 1988

Hang. Evin Shiraz Mashad Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang.

Farideh Mosa-alreza Mehdi Yadollah Asghar Amir 27 27 23 25

F M Yazed M Sabzvar M Lahijan M Tehran M H.s.s. H.s.s. H.s.s. H.s.s.

Sep. 88 Sep. 88 Sep. 88

2512 Sadghi 2513 Sadidian 2514 Sadr Dehghani 2515 Saeedi 2516 Saeedi

Aug. 16, 88 Rasht Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Evin Gohardasht

224

A List of Victims

Surname

Name Tajmah Hossein Seyyed Ahmad Abdollah Alireza

Age Sex F M M 29 24 M

POB

Edu. H.s.dip.

Date 1988 Sep. 88 Aug. 88

Place

Method Ex.

2517 Saeedi 2518 Saeedi 2519 Saeedi 2520 Saeedi 2521 Saeedi 2522 Saeedi 2523 Saeedi 2524 Saeedi Nejad Ghomi 2525 Saeedi Sharif-abadi 2526 Saeedi Sharif-abadi 2527 Saeedian 2528 Safa 2529 Safai 2530 Safai 2531 Safai 2532 Safai 2533 Safai 2534 Safaian 2535 Safari 2536 Safari 2537 Safari 2538 Safari 2539 Safari 2540 Safari 2541 Safari 2542 Safari Jalali 2543 Safarmanish 2544 Safatian 2545 Safavi 2546 Safavi 2547 Safavi 2548 Safavi 2549 Safavi Bayeghi

Tehran Gohardasht Tehran Mashad Vakilabad Adelabad

F.s. Hang. Hang. F.s. Ex. F.s. Hang. F.s. Hang. Hang. F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. Ex. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. Ex.

Univ.s. H.s.s.

Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Sep. 8, 88

M Mashad

26 Vahid Ali Mohammad Reza Mehdi Mohammad Sadegh Amir Hossein Hamid Mohammad Mahboubeh Abdolhamid Ali-assgar 28 27 25 30 30 19 23 29

Kohkilouyeh M Tehran M Mashad M Mashad M Mazandaran M M Tehran M Tehran M Semnan M M Tehran M Tehran M Istahbanat

H.s.s. Univ.s. S. Univ.s. Univ.s.

Nov. 88

Aug. 22, 88 Evin Sep. 8. 88 Sep. 88 Vakilabad Mashad

Sep. 28, 88 Evin Sep. 88 1988 Tabriz Evin Evin Tehran Tehran Evin Evin Tehran Istahbanat Garmsar Lahijan Evin Evin

S. H.s.dip.

Aug. 88 1988 1988

H.s.dip.

Oct. 20. 88 Aug. 88

S.

Aug. 88 Oct. 88

Ahmad Hossein Hamid Seyyed Karim Mohammad Farhad

30 29

M Garmsar M Lahijan M

P.dip. Univ.s.

Oct. 88 Jul. 29. 88 Jul. 27. 88

26

M M

H.s.dip.

Aug. 88 1988

24 28

M Lahijan Abadan M

S.

Jan. 89 1988 Sep. 88

Rasht Ahwaz Ramsar Gohardasht Gohardasht Evin

Ex. F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang. Hang. F.s.

Hossien Amir Hamid Seyyed Karim 27 24 25

M Tehran M Kashan M Tehran

Univ.s. S. S. Univ.s.

Aug. 3, 88 Nov. 2. 88 Aug. 88 1988 Oct. 23, 88

Abolfazl

32

M Mashad

H.s.s.

Mashad

Hang.

225

Crime Against Humanity

Surname

Name Seyyed Jafar

Age Sex 27

POB

Edu.

Date Aug. 88

Place Gohardasht Mashad Mashad Mashad Mashad Tehran Brojerd Khorram Abad Dezful Evin Dezful Dezful Dezful Gohardasht Gohardasht Tehran Isfahan

Method Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang. F.s. Ex. F.s. Hang. F.s. Ex. Ex. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s.

2550 Safavi Mobarhan 2551 Safdari 2552 Safdari 2553 Safdari 2554 Safighi 2555 Saghari Khodaparast 2556 Saghlini 2557 Saghlini 2558 Sagvand 2559 Sagvand 2560 Sagvand 2561 Sagvand 2562 Sagvand 2563 Sahabi 2564 Sahami 2565 Sahm 2566 Sahragard 2567 Sajadian 2568 Sakhaii 2569 Sakhaii 2570 Sakhaii 2571 Sakhaii 2572 Sakini 2573 Salahshour 2574 Salahshour 2575 Salajegheh 2576 Salari 2577 Salari 2578 Salari Haji Abadi 2579 Salavati Dehkordi Haghani 2580 Saleh 2581 Saleh-ebrahimi

M Tehran Ghouchan S. P.dip. H.s.s. S. Univ.s.

1988 Oct. 88 Oct. 88 1988 Nov. 88 Sep. 88

Hassan Abass(ebrahim) Mohsen Maryam Alireza Gholam Parviz Javad Fereidoun

30 26

M Ghouchan M Ghouchan M Sabzevar

31

F M

27 25 23 22

M Boroojerd M Andimeshk M Lorestan M Andimeshk Ghal-eh Noor Ghal-eh Noor

H.s.dip. H.s.dip. S. H.s.dip.

1988 Aug. 5, 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 5, 88 1988 1988

Hesamodin

25 27

M Tehran Gilaneh Gharb M Tehran M Rasht M

H.s.s.

Oct. 88 Feb. 89 1988

Mohammad Heydar 22 Ebrahim Ismaeel Assadollah 36 25

H.s.s.

Aug. 7, 88 1988

M Khonj Larestan M Khonj Larestan F

B.s. H.s.s.

Dec. 7. 88 Dec. 7. 88 Sep. 88

Adelabad Adelabad Evin Shiraz Evin Tehran Rasht Evin Birjand Ahvaz Tehran Tehran

F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. Ex. F.s. F.s. Ex. F.s. Ex. Hang.

Mohammad Ismaeel 23 Farah Mansour Hossein Davoud Feizollah Bahram Reza Alireza Alireza(hamzeh) Homayoun 20 35 29 22 43 26 23 27

M Khonj Larestan M M Tehran

H.s.s. Ph.d. H.s.dip.

Dec. 7. 88 Dec. 88 1988 1988 Aug. 88 1988 Sep. 88

M Hashtpar Tavalesh H.s.dip. M Baft Kerman M M M M Isfahan H.s.fip. Univ.s. Univ.s.

1988 Aug. 88

Jamal Mehran

29

M Isfahan M

Univ.s.

1988 1988

Isfahan

F.s.

Masjed Suleiman F.s.

226

A List of Victims

Surname

Name Yaghob Ali-assgar

Age Sex M 26

POB

Edu.

Date 1988

Place

Method

2582 Saleh-ebrahimi 2583 Salehi 2584 Salehi 2585 Salehi 2586 Salehi 2587 Salehi 2588 Salehi 2589 Salehi 2590 Salehi 2591 Salehi 2592 Salehi 2593 Salehi 2594 Salehi 2595 Salehi 2596 Salehi(haji) 2597 Salehi-hkoh 2598 Salehi-oroski 2599 Salehi-rod 2600 Salehi-zadeh 2601 Salehi-zadeh 2602 Salehpoor 2603 Salehpoor-yavar-sade 2604 Salemi 2605 Salemi Moadab 2606 Salimi 2607 Salimi 2608 Salimi 2609 Saljoughi 2610 Salmanzadeh 2611 Samadi

Masjed Suleiman Ex. Rasht Evin Evin Evin Evin Qameshaher Qameshaher Ahwaz Evin Lahijan F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang. F.s. Hang. F.s. Hang. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s.

M Lahijan

H.s.dip.

Jan. 89 Nov. 88

Ahmad Babak Sousan Ali Ali Ali-akbar Gholam-hossien Majid Mahmood Mehdi Nassir Ali-assgar Ahmad Ali Abdol-hossien Seyvash Seyvash Faramarez Jahanbakhesh Saeid Javad

25 24 26 30 27 34 25 23 30 24

M Shahrood M Tehran M M Shahreza M M Tehran M Ravang-qom M Lahijan M Lahijan M Tehran M

H.s.dip. H.s.s. S. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.s.

Aug. 88 Oct. 88 Oct. 7. 88 Aug. 1, 88 Aug. 88 1988 1988 Aug. 88

H.s.s. S.

Dec. 22, 88 Rasht Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Qaemshahr Qaemshahr Rasht Evin

27 18 17 30 27 28 29 27 24

M Lahijan M Tehran M Masjed Suleiman M Tehran M Ahwaz M Abadan M Najafabad M Masjed Suleiman M Tehran M

H.s.dip.

Jan. 89 Sep. 88

S.

Aug. 88 Aug. 88

Masjed Suleiman F.s. Qaemshahr Ahwaz Ahwaz Isfahan Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s.

H.s.s. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.s. Univ.s.

Jan.89 Oct. 88 Aug. 4, 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Sep. 88 Aug. 88

Masjed Suleiman F.s. Gohardasht Gohardasht Evin Evin Hang Hang F.s. F.s. V F.s. F.s. F.s. Gohardasht Evin Evin Hang. F.s. Hang.

Nader Parviz Rasoul Hakimeh Ali Mehran Ali Seyyed Mahmoud

24 33 29 25

M Salmas M Mahalat M Naghadeh F M Kerman M.s. H.s.dip. H.s.s.

Sep. 88

Sep. 26, 88 Evin Aug. 10. 88 Orumieh Sep. 88 Jan. 89 Evin

2612 Samadzadeh 2613 Samandari 2614 Samandari

23 24 27

M Tehran M M Nazi Abad

H.s.s.

Sep. 88 Aug. 88

H.s.dip.

Aug. 88

227

Crime Against Humanity

Surname

Name

Age Sex

POB

Edu.

Date Sep. 88

Place Adelabad Adelabad Rasht Gohardasht Lahijan Tehran Tehran Tehran Adelabad Evin Adelabad Qaemshahr Shiraz Tehran Gohardasht Rasht Tehran Tehran Khoramabad

Method F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. Ex. Ex. F.s. F.s. Ex. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. Ex. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s.

2615 Samani 2616 Samani 2617 Samani Khoftani 2618 Samimi 2619 Samizadeh Lahiji 2620 Sanabakhsh 2621 Sanabakhsh 2622 Sanai 2623 Sanai 2624 Sanatfar 2625 Sanayeh 2626 Sanchouli 2627 Sani Sharghi 2628 Sanjabi 2629 Sar Kardeh 2630 Sar Reshteh 2631 Sarabi 2632 Saradar 2633 Saraf-shams 2634 Sarafi 2635 Sarahati 2636 Sarahati 2637 Sarai 2638 Saraian 2639 Sarami 2640 Sarati 2641 Sarati-shirazi 2642 Sarchenari 2643 Saririan 2644 Sathi 2645 Sattari 2646 Sattari 2647 Sattarian Hossein Kazem Hossein Jahangir Javad Behzad Hojat Ali Mehrdad Mohammadreza Jahanbakhesh Abbas Abbass Fazaneh Reza Abbas Hossien Afsaneh Maryam Mousa Mehdi Abass Parviz Mohammad Amir 25 28 25 23 30 21 23 24 25 29 25 22 27 28 30 25 25 Hamid Shahin Mansour Mohammad Ismael (Iraj) Abbas 33 23 28 31 34 27 M Nobandegan- Fassa P.dip. F Ghazian-anzali H.s.s. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. P. Dip. Univ.s

Nov. 1, 88 Nov. 1, 88 Sep. 89 Nov. 88 Aug. 88 1988 1988 Nov. 1, 88

M Sonqor M Lahijan M Tehran M Tehran Tehran M Fassa M Tehran M M Qaemshahr M M M Tehran M Rasht M Tehran M Astara M Alvar-garmsiri M M Shirz F Shirz

H.s.dip.

Sep. 88 Nov. 1, 88

H.s.s.

1988 Sep. 88 1988

H.s.dip. H.s.dip.

Jul. 30. 88 Dec. 88 Nov. 88

H.s.dip. H.s.s.

Nov. 88 Jul. 31, 88 Sep. 88

B.s. H.s.dip. H.s.s. H.s.s. 1988 Aug. 6, 88 1988 1988 S. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.s. Nov. 89 1988 Mar. 89 1988 Oct. 88 H.s.dip. Sep. 88 Aug. 88 Sep. 88 Tehran Evin Tehran Adelabad Vakilabad Adelabad Qameshahr Shiraz Shiraz Do Gonbadan Mashad F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. Hang.

M Mashad M Shiraz M Qaemshahr F F M Do Gonbadan M M M M M Shirz

228

A List of Victims

Surname

Name Hamidreza

Age Sex 25

POB

Edu. H.s.dip. H.s.s. H.s.dip.

Date Aug. 88 Aug.88

Place Evin Gohardasht

Method Hang Hang. Hang. F.s.

2648 Sattarnejad 2649 Sattarnejad 2650 Savabi 2651 Savabi 2652 Savareh 2653 Sayad Pour 2654 Sayadi 2655 Sayadi 2656 Sayadi(jahromi) 2657 Sayah Harati 2658 Sayahi 2659 Sayahi 2660 Sayar Doust 2661 Sayari Arani 2662 Sedaghat 2663 Sedaghat 2664 Sedaghat 2665 Sedaghat-rashti 2666 Sedaghat-rashti 2667 See Sakhti 2668 Sefat Bagha 2669 Sehat 2670 Sehat 2671 Seifi 2672 Seifi Sanjabi 2673 Semsarzadeh 2674 Senjedian 2675 Sepassi 2676 Seyyed Ahmadi Ghosh-chi 2677 Seyyed Ahmadi Ghosh-chi 2678 Seyyed Sobhani

M Tehran M Shahreh Rey M Tehran

Seyyed Assadollah 23 Hessamoldin 26

Aug. 12, 88 Gohardasht 1988

Ali Reza 22

M Tehran M Khoram Abad

H.s.dip. S.

Aug. 88 Oct.88 Aug. 6, 88

Tehran Khoram Abad Isfahan Rasht Isfahan Mashad Ahvaz Isfahan Gohardasht Kashan Tehran Rasht Shiraz Evin Evin Evin Evin Ardbil Ardbil Tehran Kermanshah Evin Rasht Gohardasht Karaj

Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. Ex. Hang. F.s. Ex. Hang. F.s. F.s. Hahg. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang Hang. F.s. Ex. F.s. Ex. Hang. F.s. Hang. Hang.

Ebrahim Javad Mohsen Habib Seyyed Fakher Rahim Jafar Zari Saeid Mostafa Mohammad-taghi Mohammad-reza Abdolrasoul Rahim Ardalan Ardavan Bahram Shahriar Jafar Ismaeel Alireza Seyyed Mohsen 26 27 28 25 30 27 34 27 28 25 28 27 30 28 26

M M Jahrom M Mashad M Ahvaz M Khoramshahr M Tehran M Aran Kashan F M Lahiljan M Golpaygan M Rasht M M Yasouj M Malayer M Ardbil M Maragheh M M Daranjan M Tehran M Bandar Anzali M Rasht M Tehran

Univ.s. S. S.

Oct.88 1988 Aug.88 Aug.88

H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.s.

Aug. 4, 88 Aug. 6. 88 Aug. 2, 88 Sep. 88

H.s.s. P.dip. H.s.dip.

1988 1988 Nov. 2, 88 Nov. 2, 88

H.s.s. H.s.dip. Univ.s. Univ.s.

Aug. 88 Aug. 88 1988 Aug. 11, 88 Nov. 88

H.s.s. H.s.s. H.s.dip. Univ.s. H.s.dip.

Mar. 89 Aug. 88 Dec. 88 Aug. 3, 88 Jul. 30, 88

Seyyed Mohammad 28

M Tehran

H.s.s.

Aug. 3, 88

Tehran

Hang.

Hossein

25

M Saveh

S.

Jul. 30. 88

Gohardasht

Hang.

229

Crime Against Humanity

Surname

Name Asghar Mohsen Zahra(simim) Seyyed Ahmad Habib

Age Sex 28 M

POB

Edu. H.s.s.

Date Sep. 88 1988

Place Evin Evin Rasht Tehran Tehran

Method F.s. Ex. Ex. F.s. Tor. Ex. Ex.

2679 Seyyedi 2680 Seyyedi 2681 Seyyedi Sia Astalkhi 2682 Seyyedian 2683 Sfar Nejad 2684 Shabani 2685 Shabani 2686 Shabani 2687 Shabani 2688 Shabani 2689 Shabani 2690 Shabanzadeh 2691 Shabanzadeh 2692 Shabanzadeh 2693 Shabdez 2694 Shabdez 2695 Shabhehi 2696 Shabibi 2697 Shabzendehdar 2698 Shadian 2699 Shadlou 2700 Shadman 2701 Shadmani 2702 Shaeri 2703 Shaeri 2704 Shafiati 2705 Shafiee 2706 Shafiee 2707 Shafighi 2708 Shafighi 2709 Shafighi 2710 Shafipoor 2711 Shah Bakhshi

M Mashad 24 25 M M Tehran M Jouibar H.s.s. H.s.s. Univ.s.

Nov. 11, 88 Aug. 88 1988 1988 1988

Lahijan Ebrahim Abdoljabar Ali Azame Akram Abdolali Ahmad Mohammad Hamid Jabar Zahra Abdolrassoul Ali Asghar Gholam Hassan Hamidreza Nasser Mohsen Makabez Nader Esmail Mohsen Manochiar Ali Shahram 27 27 28 23 23 27 29 24 25 33 25 22 23 19 29 23 24 M Lahijan M M Lagrood F F M M M M Tehran M Mehran F Kashan S. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. Univ.s. S. Ph.d. H.s.dip. Roodsar H.s.dip. S. H.s.dip. H.s.s. H.s.dip.

Sep.88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Sep. 88 1988 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug.88 Aug.88 Aug. 88 Nov. 88 1988 Aug. 88 1988 H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. Feb. 89 Jan. 89 1988 Aug. 88 S. 1988 1988 H.s.s. S. Sep. 8, 88 Sep. 8, 88 1988 Aug. 88

Evin Evin Tehran Lagrood Roodsar Rasht Gohardasht Evin Ghohar-dasht Evin Ilam Evin Behbahan Evin Evin Gohardasht Amol Amol Sabzevar Gohardasht Adelabad Adelabad Vakilabad Vakilabad

F.s. Hang. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang.

Ex. F.s. Poiso. Hang F.s. F.s. Ex. Hang. Hang. Hang. F.s. Hang. Hang. F.s.

M Behbahan M M Rasht M Mashad M Mahmoudabad M Mahmoudabad M Sabzhvar M M Sarvistan M M Sabzhvar M Sabzhvar M M Tehran

Gohardasht

Hang

230

A List of Victims

Surname

Name

Age Sex 21

POB

Edu. S.

Date 1988 Aug. 6. 88 Aug. 6, 88

Place Mashad Gohardasht Gohardasht Khoram Abab Khoram Abad Babol Roodsar Tabriz Gohardasht Rasht Roudsar Semnan Gohardasht Evin Gohardasht Khoramabad Evin Evin Adelabad Mashad Evin Roodsar Qazvin Qazvin Rasht Orumeh Shiraz Bushehr Arak Evin Tehran Gohardasht Orumieh

Method Hang Ex. Hang. Tor. Hang. F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang. Hang. F.s. Hang. Hang. Ex. Hang. Tor. F.s. Hang. F.s. Hang. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. Ex. F.s. F.s. F.s. Ex. Hang. Hang F.s.

2712 Shah Fazl Ghamsarian Jafar 2713 Shah Hosseini 2714 Shah Hosseini 2715 Shah Karami 2716 Shah Karami 2717 Shahani 2718 Shahbaz-zadeh 2719 Shahbazi 2720 Shahbazi 2721 Shahbazi 2722 Shahbazi 2723 Shahi 2724 Shahi-moghini 2725 Shahidi 2726 Shahir-eftikhar 2727 Shahkarami 2728 Shahkarimi 2729 Shahmerzii 2730 Shahmoradi 2731 Shahpar-tosi 2732 Shahpari (Shaher) 2733 Shahraji 2734 Shahraki 2735 Shahraki 2736 Shahrebani 2737 Shahrzad 2738 Shahvali 2739 Shahvali 2740 Shahvardi 2741 Shahverdi 2742 Shahverdi 2743 Shakeri 2744 Shakeri Mohammad-reza Mohammad-taghi Mohammad Ahmad Ata-ollah Hamid-reza Soodabeh Zahra Ali Mohammad Reza Ali Mansoor Nassir Saeid(mohsen) Esmail Mohsen Akbar Bahman Jamshid Majid Hojatollah Ali Gholamali Hadi Hossein Ravanbakhsh Shahbaz Ali Davood Behroz

M Mashad M M

25 30 30

M Khoram Abad M Khoram Abad M Babol M

Univ.s. P.dip. Univ.s.

Aug. 1, 88 Sep. 88 Aug. 88 Oct. 88

30 26 63 27 22 24

M Tabriz M Khalkahl F Roudsar

Univ.s. H.s.dip. B.s. H.s. Dip. H.s.s. S.

Aug. 9, 88 Jul. 30, 88 Aug. 88 Oct. 88 Nov. 3, 88 Aug. 88 Nov. 88

M Roudsar M Semnan M Tehran

28 25 23 29

M Tehran M Khoramabad M Khozastan M Tabriz M Abadeh-shiraz

Univ.s. H.s.s. H.s.dip. Univ.s.

Aug. 3, 88 Oct. 2, 88 Mar. 9, 89 Aug. 88 Sep. 88

21 34 26 32 31 29

M Mashad F F Tehran Roodsar

H.s.dip. B.s. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. Univ.s. H.s.dip.

1988 Sep. 88 Oct. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 1988

M Al-moot-ghazvin M Al-moot-ghazvin M Bandar-anzali M

26

M Khoramshaher M

H.s.dip. Univ.s.

1988 1988 Nov. 88 Aug. 88

25

M M Tehran

26 32 28

M Tehran M Tehran M Naghadeh

H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.s.

Sep. 88 Aug. 3, 88 Aug. 11, 88

231

Crime Against Humanity

Surname

Name Davoud Ali Ghasem Hamzeh(saeid)

Age Sex 30 26 M

POB

Edu. H.s.dip. Univ.s.

Date Aug. 88 1988 Aug. 88

Place Gohardasht Tabriz Evin Evin Borojard Kermanshah Evin Evin Lahijan Ahwaz Touyserkan Gohardasht

Method Hang. Ex. Hang. F.s. F.s. Ex. Ex. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. F.s. Ex.

2745 Shakeri 2746 Shakoori 2747 Shakoori 2748 Shalavand 2749 Shams 2750 Shams 2751 Shams 2752 Shamsabadi 2753 Shangolnia 2754 Sharafdean 2755 Sharhani 2756 Shariat 2757 Shariati 2758 Shariati 2759 Shariati 2760 Sharif 2761 Sharif 2762 Sharif-abadi 2763 Sharif-tabarestani 2764 Sharif-tabarestani 2765 Sharif-tabarestani 2766 Sharifi 2767 Sharifi 2768 Sharifi 2769 Sharifi 2770 Sharifi 2771 Sharifi 2772 Sharifi 2773 Sharifi 2774 Sharifi (Dashtaki) 2775 Shayan 2776 Shayanfar 2777 Shaybani

M Makoo M Rasht

33

M Andimeshk F

H.s.s.

Aug. 88 Nov. 88 1988

Jahanbakhesh Sohaila Majid Ghafoor Bahram Majid Jamshid Sima Gholamreza Mohammad-reza Ahmad Rohollah Mohammad-saeid Hassan Ali Mohammad Parviz Hossien Hamid Zahra Ali Ali-hossien Farhad 20 32 20 29 25 28 25 27 28 26 25 30 33 25 35 30 25

M Hosseineh-loristan F M Tehran M Lahijan M Haftgel M Tosirkan M F M M Langrood M M Ghaemshahr M M Babol M Babol M Babol M Khoramabad M Tehran M Karmanshah F Hamedan H.s.s. P.dip. H.s.s. Univ.s. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.s. Univ.s. H.s.s. B.s. H.s.dip. B.s. S. Univ.s. H.s.dip. H.s.dip.

Aug. 88 Oct. 88 Sep. 88 Aug. 88 Oct. 2, 88 Nov. 88

Dec. 22, 88 Tehran Nov. 88 Sep. 88 Sep. 88 1988 Oct. 88 Sep. 88 Sep. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 7, 88 Jul. 30. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 9. 88 1988 Sep. 88 Oct. 29. 88 Tehran Langrood Gachsaran Tehran Kazeron Babol Babol Sari Evin Gohardasht Evin Hamedan Tabriz Gohardasht Tehran Amol Dezful

M Tabriz M Harseen M

Changiz (Sadegh) Abdolrassol Homayoon(ali) Behnam

25

M Andimeshk M

H.s.dip.

Aug. 6. 88 1988

25

M Mashad M Shiraz

Univ.s.

Oct. 88 Oct. 88

Mashad Adelabad

Hang. F.s.

232

A List of Victims

Surname

Name Saham Ahmad Alireza Hossein Mohsen Hossein Ali Parviz Saleh Shaban Jafar Parviz Reza Mohammad Afsaneh Ghorban-ali Shahpoor Ayatollah Mansoor Mansooreh Ebrahim Taebeh Gholam Mohsen Ardeshir Ali Ebrahim Seyyed-ghasem Hassan Haydar

Age Sex

POB

Edu.

Date Oct. 88

Place Adelabad Babol Gohardasht Isfahan Evin Dezful Dezful Gohardasht Gohardasht Lahijan Evin Adelabad Gohardasht Gohardasht Evin Zanjan Dezful Isfahan Isfahan Isfahan Orumieh Lahijan Tehran Gohardasht Gohardasht Orumieh Orumieh Sari Adelabad Evin Isfahan Darab Isfahan

Method F.s. Hang. Hang. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. Ex. Hang. Ex. Hang. F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang. F.s. F.s. Tor. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. Ex. F.s.

2778 Shaybani 2779 Sheikh-al-islam 2780 Shekh Mohammadi 2781 Shekh-rezaii 2782 Shekhan 2783 Shekhi 2784 Shekhi 2785 Shekhian 2786 Shekhian 2787 Shekoteh 2788 Shemshad 2789 Sherafati 2790 Sherenbkheshian 2791 Sherkh-bake 2792 Shir-mohammadi 2793 Shir-mohammadi 2794 Shirani 2795 Shirani 2796 Shirani 2797 Shirani 2798 Shirazi 2799 Shirazi 2800 Shirazi 2801 Shiri 2802 Shirinbakhsh Abkenari 2803 Shirzad 2804 Shirzadi 2805 Shohadaii 2806 Shojaii 2807 Shojaii 2808 Shojaii 2809 Shojaii 2810 Shojaii

M Shiraz 28 M Babol M 27 28 22 25 M Kashan M Tehran M Andimeshk M Andimeshk M Yazd M Yazd 47 M Lahijan M M M Bandar-anzali 23 31 34 22 28 24 M Tehran F Tehran H.s.s. B.s. P.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.s. S. H.s.dip. H.s.s. H.s.dip. Uinv.s. H.s.s. H.s.dip. H.s.dip.

Aug. 88 Aug. 6. 88 Aug. 2, 88 Aug. 88 1988 Aug. 5, 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Sep. 88 Nov. 88 Aug. 88 Oct. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 5, 88 Mar. 89 Aug. 4, 88 1988 1988

M Abhar M Andimeshk M Havsheh-jan M Havsheh-jan M M Oroomeh

23

F M

Langrood

H.s.s.

Aug. 88 1988

28 23 26

M Tehran M Bandar-anzali M Orumieh M Orumieh

H.s.dip. S. S. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. S.

Aug. 3, 88 Jul. 30. 88 Nov. 88 1988 Aug. 88 1988 Aug. 88

26

M Babol M M M Shahrkord M Darab

Ghorban (Kourosh) 21 Lorasib Morad 19

H.s.dip.

Aug. 4, 88 1988

M Shahrkord

H.s.dip.

Aug. 4, 88

233

Crime Against Humanity

R 2811

Surname Shojaii

Name Massoud Nasren

Age Sex

POB

Edu.

Date 1988

Place Darab Isfahan Masjid-soliman Evin Gohardasht Qaemshahr Evin Evin Evin Qaemshahr Vakilabad Evin

Method Ex. F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. Ex. Ex. Ex. F.s. Hang. Ex. F.s.

M Darab 19 F H.s.dip.

2812 Shojaii 2813 Shojaii 2814 Shokofeh-merza 2815 Shokohi 2816 Shokri 2817 Shokri 2818 Shokri 2819 Shokri 2820 Shokri 2821 Shokri 2822 Shokri 2823 Shokrollhi-yan Cheshmeh 2824 Sia Mansouri 2825 Siavoshi 2826 Sifan Babai 2827 Sina 2828 Sinaki 2829 Siran 2830 Siran Hessari 2831 Siran Hessari 2832 Sobhani 2833 Sobhani 2834 Sobhi 2835 Soheili 2836 Sohrabi 2837 Sojudi 2838 Sokouti 2839 Soleimani 2840 Soleimani 2841 Soleimani 2842 Soleimani

Aug. 4, 88 1988

Matin Seyavsh

27 31 60

Hashtpareh H.s.dip.

Aug. 88 1988 Aug. 88 Oct. 88 Oct. 88 Oct. 88

M Karaj

27 Jafar Farah Hassan 27 M F Hamedan

H.s.s.

Oct. 88 Nov. 88 Aug. 88

M Tehran

H,S,Dip.

Aug. 28. 88 Evin

Mohammad Akbar Ghassem Afsaneh Hossein Barat Ali Ahmad Kaveh Maryam Hossien Nassir Mohammad Parviz Zohreh Maboud(aref) Azar Hassan Khodadad Saeid

41

M Takhte Soleiman M

Ph.d.

Feb. 8, 89 Aug. 6, 88

Sorkh Hessar Nahavand Gohardasht Evin Evin Mashad Mashad Mashad Adelabad Qaemshahr

Hang. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang. F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s.

35

M Tehran F

B.s.

Aug. 6, 88 Feb. 89

43 23 27 27 24

M M Mashad M Mashad M F M M Oroomeh Shiraz

Ph.d. H.s.s. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. P.dip. H.s.s.

1988 1988 1988 Aug. 88 1988 Aug. 88 Aug. 88

25

M Sabzevar M

S. B.s.

Sep. 88 1988

Vakilabad Evin

Hang. Ex. Hang. Hang. F.s. Hang. Ex.

50 29 24

Rasht

H.s.dip.

Dec. 18. 88 Rasht Jul. 30, 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 1988 Gohardasht Gohardasht Gohardasht

M Hashtpar Tavalesh H.s.dip. M Kermanshah M Tehran M H.s.dip. Univ.s.

20

M Naziabad

H.s.dip.

Sep. 88

Tehran

F.s.

234

A List of Victims

Surname

Name Saeid Kioumars Yaghoub Alireza Reza Shahrokh

Age Sex

POB

Edu.

Date 1988 1998

Place Tehran Ilam Mashad Mashad Gohardasht Tehran

Method Ex. Ex. Hang. Hang. Hang. F.s. F.s.

2843 Soleimani 2844 Soleimani 2845 Soleimani 2846 Soleimani 2847 Soleimani Fard 2848 Soleimani Fard 2849 Soleimani Ruzbehani 2850 Soltani 2851 Soltani 2852 Soltani 2853 Soltani 2854 Soltanzadeh 2855 Sorbi 2856 Sorouri 2857 Sotudeh 2858 Sotudeh 2859 Sotudeh 2860 Soufi 2861 Soufi Abadi 2862 Soumi 2863 Taati Asil 2864 Taavoni Ranji 2865 Tab 2866 Tabani 2867 Tabani (Babaei) 2868 Tabarsi 2869 Tabatabai 2870 Tabatabai 2871 Tabatabi 2872 Tabatabi 2873 Tabesh 2874 Tabib 2875 Tabibinejad

M Tehran 22 26 23 34 M Dareh Shahr Ilam M Dargaz M Semnan M Qom M S. H.s.s. Univ.s.

Sep. 88 Aug. 88 Jul. 27, 88 Nov. 88 1988

Ali Agha Farshid Farhad Mehdi Hamid Mojgan Majid Akbar Habib Aghil Faramarz Mohammad Reza Youssef Massoud Amir Ali Hossein (Bahram) Behnam (Mostafa) Shahrokh Ahmad Seyyed Mehdi Majid Morteza Hassan Azadeh

31 26 29 30

M Sanghar M Rezvanshahr M Tehran M Najaf Abad M Rudsar

P.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. P.dip. Unuv.s. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.dip.

Nov. 16, 88 1988 Nov. 88 Aug. 4, 88 1988 Nov. 88 Nov. 88 Nov. 1, 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88

Gohardasht Rasht Gohardasht Isfahan Evin Evin Behbehan Adelabad Adelabad Adelabad Evin Evin Rasht Tehran Tehran Qazvin Evin Gohardasht Rasht Evin Behbahan Evin Isfahan Rashat Evin Tabriz

Hang. Ex. F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang. F.s. Hang. F.s. Hang. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. Ex. F.s. Hang. Hang Hang.

27 30 36

Hamedan

M Behbehan M Fassa M M M

28 26 23 38 35 29 24 26

M Bam M Rasht M Ahvaz M M Qazvin M M Tehran M Rasht M Shahreza

H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. B.s. S

Aug. 88 Oct. 88 Aug. 88 Jul. 28, 88 Aug. 88 Feb. 89

H.s.dip. H.s.dip.

Jul. 31, 88 Oct. 88 Oct. 88

23

M Behbahan M Shahreza

H.s.dip.

1988 Oct. 88

24 26 23 55

M Kashan M Lahijan F Tehran

H.s.dip. S H.s.dip. Ph.d.

Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Sep. 88 Jan. 89

235

Crime Against Humanity

Surname

Name Ali Adllollah

Age Sex

POB

Edu.

Date Aug. 88 Aug. 88

Place Tehran Gohardasht Isfahan Isfahan Mashad Evin

Method Ex. Hang. F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang. Hang. F.s. Ex. F.s. Ex. Hang. Hang. Hang. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s.

2876 Tabrizi 2877 Tadayoun 2878 Taeian 2879 Taeian 2880 Tafagghodi 2881 Tafreshi 2882 Tagh Dareh 2883 Taghavi 2884 Taghavi 2885 Taghavi 2886 Taghi Zadeh 2887 Taghinizhad 2888 Taghizadeh 2889 Taghizadeh 2890 Taheri 2891 Taheri 2892 Taheri 2893 Taheri 2894 Taheri 2895 Taheri 2896 Taheri Kadkhodah 2897 Taherian 2898 Taherizadeh 2899 Tahmassebi 2900 Tahmassebi 2901 Tahmassian 2902 Tahouri 2903 Tahseeli 2904 Tahseeli 2905 Taj Akbari 2906 Taj Miri 2907 Tajadoud 2908 Tajgardoon

M Tabriz M Shahreza Shahreza S.

1988 1988

Ali Mohammad Hossein Azam Abbas Mousa Mousa Ibrahim Sivoush Parviz Mojtaba Seyyed Faraj Ali Ali Ali Mohammad Mansour Javad Hamidreza

25

M Mashad M Kashan

S B.s. Univ.s.

Aug. 88 Jan. 89

31

F M

Aug. 23, 88 Evin Sep. 88 Tabriz Adel Abad Adel Abad Tabriz Evin Evin Evin Isfahan Tehran Tehran Isfahan

25 25 25 27 24

M Gachsaran M Gachsaran M Tabriz M Lahijan M Rasht M Tehran

H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.dip.

Nov. 88 Sep. 88 Sep. 88 Aug. 88

Aug. 88 Aug. 88

37 22 30 28

M Isfahan M M Zanjan M M

P.dip. S.

Aug. 88 Aug. 88 1988

P,Dip.

Aug. 4, 88 Oct.88

32 26 24

M Varamin M Tehran M Tehran

H.s.dip. H.s.dip. S.

Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 3, 88 Sep. 88 Sep. 88

Gohardasht Gohardasht Gohardasht Tehran Tehran

Hang. Hang. Hang. F.s. F.s. Hang.

Ramin Ramin Leyla (Maryam) Hamid Fatemeh (Nahid) Manizheh

28 25 18 32 26 29

M M Kerman F Tehran

H.s.dip. H.s.dip. S Univ. S. H.s.dip. Univ. S.

Sep. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 5, 88 Feb. 89 1988 Evin Tehran Gohardasht Evin Evin

Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang. F.s.

M Tehran F F Tehran Tehran

Masjid Soleiman F.s. Gohardasht Kerman Hang. F.s.

Jafar Mahmoud

24 23

M Tehran M Neyshabour

S Univ. S.

Aug. 9, 88 Aug. 88

236

A List of Victims

Surname

Name Morteza (Mojtab) Ahmad

Age Sex 26

POB

Edu. Univ. S.

Date

Place

Method Hang. F.s. F.s. Hang Hang Ex. F.s.

2909 Tajik (Hashemkhani) 2910 Talachi 2911 Talai

M Varamin M

Aug. 13, 88 Gohardasht Aug.88 Evin

Dec. 23, 88 Evin Oct. 88 Abolfazl Ebrahim Bahram Hassan Adel Mohammad Mohammad Hadi Morteza Hamid Majid Davoud Bijan Kazem Mohammad Bager Asgar Ali Davood 25 30 23 26 33 29 29 31 23 Hossein Massoud Saeid Hossein Massoud Ibrahim Zahra Mohammad Mohsen Hassan 29 30 24 25 24 25 28 32 22 20 25 25 21 21 M Semnan M M M M M M Tehran M M Kashan M M Tehran M Ramsar M Talesh M Rezaeih M Rasht M Khoi M Tabriz M Ardebil Susangerd M Tehran M Karaj M Karaj M Rasht M M F M Tabriz M M Karaj H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. P. Dip. S. S Univ. S. H.s.dip. Univ.s. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. P.dip. H.s.dip. S. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.s. S. Oct. 88 1988 1988 Feb. 14, 89 Oct. 88 Sep. 88 1988 1988 Aug. 2, 88 Oct. 88 Aug. 5, 88 1988 1988 Dec. 4, 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 1988 1988 1988 Aug. 88 Aug. 4, 88 Feb.89 Aug.88 Aug.88 Sep. 88 Oct. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Tabriz Evin Gohardasht Marand Evin Tehran Evin Rasht Isfahan Evin Evin Ramsar Rasht Rezaeih Evin Evin Tabriz Tehran Ahvaz Evin Gohardasht Tehran Rasht Gohardasht Evin Mashad Vakil Abad Rasht

2912 Talaian 2913 Taleb Bidakhti 2914 Talebi 2915 Talebi 2916 Talebi 2917 Talebi 2918 Talebi 2919 Talebi 2920 Talebi 2921 Talebian 2922 Taleghani 2923 Taleghani 2924 Talesh Sharifi 2925 Taleshi 2926 Tamaddonfar 2927 Tamadonnahad 2928 Tamassebi 2929 Tamizkar 2930 Tammadoni Far 2931 Tarafi 2932 Tarahani Nia 2933 Tarani 2934 Tarani 2935 Taravat 2936 Tari 2937 Tarian 2938 Tarighat 2939 Tarighat 2940 Tarighol Islam 2941 Tarkhorani

F.s. Hang. Hang. Ex. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. Ex. Hang. Hang. Ex. Hang. F.s. Hang. Hang. F.s. Hang. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang.

237

Crime Against Humanity

Surname

Name Reza Bahram Sirous Ahmad Hassan Mohammad Hamid Rajab Shahpour Mohammad Nasrollah

Age Sex 32 29

POB

Edu. B.s. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. Univ. S. B.s. H.s.dip.

Date Jan. 89 Aug.88 Sep. 88 1988 Nov. 88 1988 1988

Place Evin Gohardasht

Method F.s. Hang.

2942 Tarshizi 2943 Tarz Ali 2944 Tasgari 2945 Tasharrofi 2946 Tasharrofi 2947 Tasharrofi 2948 Tavakkouli 2949 Tavakkouli 2950 Tavakkouli 2951 Tavakkouli 2952 Tavakkouli

M Tehran M Tehran M M Semnan M

Masjid Soleiman F.s. Sari Semnan Semnan Mashad Qaemshahr Evin Evin Shiraz Karaj Adel Abad Tehran F.s. F.s. F.s. Ex. F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang. Hang. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. Ex. Kermanshah Gohardasht Evin Ex. Ex. Hang.

27

M Semnan M

25 25 25

M Qaemshahr M Bandar Mahshahr M M F M M

H.s.dip. H.s.dip. B.s.

Nov. 88 Dec. 89 Aus. 88 Oct. 88 Nov. 88

2953 Tavakkouli (Mostamand) Maryam 2954 Tavana 2955 Tavana 2956 Tavanaeanfar 2957 Tavassouli 2958 Tavassoulian 2959 Tavkkoul 2960 Tavoussi 2961 Tayareh 2962 Tayareh 2963 Tayari 2964 Tayari Ashtiani 2965 Tayari Ashtiani 2966 Tayebi 2967 Tehran Kaabi 2968 Tehrani 2969 Tehrantash 2970 Teymouri 2971 Teymourian 2972 Thameni 2973 Thameni 2974 Tiori Assadollah Abbas Maryam Morad Mohammad-reza Ibrahim Faranak Hossein(mehdi) Rahmatollah Ghassem Hassan Mohammad Assadollah Jaber Mohammad Homa Majid Seyyed Qassem Ali Ali Saeid 26 29 22 27 33 26 25 30 23 24 25 30 28 30 37 28 25

1988 Sep. 88

Tehran

Univ. S. S S H.s.dip. H.s.s. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. H.s.dip. S. S Univ.s. H.s.dip. H.s.dip.

Aug. 22, 88 Evin 1988 Aug. 88 Jul. 30, 88 Oct. 88 Nov. 88 Aug. 4, 88 1988 Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Aug. 6, 88 1988 Sep. 88 Sep. 88 Tehran Evin Khorram Abad Rasht Isfahan Isfahan Tehran Gohardasht Evin Gohardasht Ahvaz Shahrood Tehran Gohardasht

M Tehran M Tehran M Khoram Abad F M M Boroujen M M Ashtian M Ashtian M M Abadan M Shahrood F M Tehran M Vard Avard M Songor Kolyaee M M Hamedan Kermanshah

H.s.dip. H.s.dip.

Aug. 88 Aug. 88 1988 1988

Univ.s.

Oct.88

238

A List of Victims

Surname

Name Mohsen Mehdi Massoud Jafar Ahmad Ismail Habib Reza Abdolvahab Mohammad Javad Mohsen

Age Sex M 30 28 31 29

POB

Edu.

Date 1988

Place Tehran Mashad Gohardasht Kemanshah Tabriz Orumieh Tehran Isfahan Shahrood Hamedan

Method Ex. Hang. Hang F.s. F.s. Ex. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s.

2975 Tiri 2976 Tolou(toloui) 2977 Tolousefat 2978 Tom 2979 Torabi 2980 Torabi 2981 Torabi 2982 Torabi 2983 Torabi 2984 Torabi Navid 2985 Torabzadeh 2986 Toubri 2987 Touhidi 2988 Touliat 2989 Toutounchi 2990 Toutounchi 2991 Toutounchian 2992 Turkaman Nezhad Tabrizi 3123 Zolfaghari 3124 Zolfi 3125 Zomorodnia 3126 3127 3128 3129 3130 3131 3132 3133 3134 3135 3136

M Mashad M M Qasr-e Shirin M Arak M

H.s.dip. S. H.s.dip. Univ. S.

Aug. 88 Aug. 88 Oct. 88 Aug. 88 Sep. 88

30 24 32 30

M Shahrood M Isfahan M Shahrood M Hamedan M

H.s.dip. S B.s. H.s.dip.

Jan. 89 1988 Jan. 89 Dec. 11, 88 1988 1988

Evin Adel Abad Birjand Zanjan Hamedan Evin Gohardasht

Ex. Ex. Ex. F.s. Hang. Hang. Hang.

Parviz Massoud Khalil Masoumeh Mohammad Ali Bijan 36 31 29

M M Qaen M Zanjan F M Hamedan M Rasht Univ. S. H.s.s. S Univ. S.

1988 1988 1988 Oct. 20, 88 Aug. 11, 88 Aug. 3, 88

Manocher Ahmad Iraj

25 27

M Masjed Suleiman M Masdad M M

H.s.s. H.s.dip.

Aug. 88 1988 Sep. 88 Nov. 88

Masjid Soleiman F.s. Vakilabad Hang F.s. Qaemshahr F.s. F.s. Hang F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s.

Ali-akbar

29

M Gorgan

P.dip

Oct. 25, 88 Gorgan Tehran

M Aboalghasem Ahmad Asad Amir Ayoub Badri Bahman 27 23 25 27 M Arak M M Boshehre M M Bonab F M S. H.s. Dip. S. S. H.s.s

Jan. 89 1988 Dec.88 1988 Aug. 88 1988 Aug. 88 Sep. 88

Genaveh Arak Evin Bushehr Evin Evin Salmas Karaj

239

Crime Against Humanity

R 3137 3138 3139 3140 3141 3142 3143 3144 3145 3146 3147 3148 3149 3150 3151 3152 3153 3154 3155 3156 3157 3158 3159 3160 3161 3162 3163 3164 3165 3166 3167 3168 3169

Surname

Name Behnam Behnam Parviz Parvin Touraj Hassan Hassan Hossein Hossein Hamid Hourieh Rashid Reza Reza Roghieh Zahra Saeid Soheila Siavosh Siavosh Sayed Karim Siroos Shahin

Age Sex 27 M M M M 25

POB

Edu. S. H.s. Dip.

Date Mar. 89 Nov. 88 Aug. 88 Nov. 88 1988

Place Evin Tehran Gohardasht Khoram-abad Ilam Rasht Tehran Evin Tehran

Method F.s. F.s. Hang. F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s.

M Kerend M M Univ.s

Sep. 88 Nov. 88

39 32 21

M M Sarab M Andimeshk F M Rasht M Masjed Soleyman M

H.s. Dip. Univ. S. H.s.s.

Nov. 88 Mar. 88 1988 Nov. 88 1988 Sep. 88

Tehran

F.s.

Karaj Tehran Evin Rasht

F.s.

H.s. Dip. S. Langarood

Sep. 88 Nov. 88 Sep. 88

22 20

F F M F M M Isfahan

F.s. F.s.

Aug. 88 Sep. 88 1988 S. Aug. 88 Dec. 88

Evin Karaj

Ex. F.s.

Bandar Mahshahr F.s. Evin Shiraz Evin F.s. F.s. F.s. Exe. Tehran Adel Abad Gohardasht Tehran Mashad Evin Ilam Evin Rasht F.s. Exe. F.s. F.s. Hang. Exe. F.s. Exe. F.s.

25

M M F Shiraz Kochesfahan F

H.s.s. H.s.s.

1988 1988 Nov. 88

25 Shirin Abdolrazagh Azizo Llah Ali Ali Farah Farangis Forogh Farid 29 24 27 25 31 32 30

M Khonj-larestan M Sari M Tehran M Mashad F Tehran

H.s.s. H.s.s.

1988 1988 1988 Aug. 88

Univ.s. H.s.s.

1988 Aug. 88 1988

M Illam F M

H.s. Dip.

88

240

A List of Victims

R 3170 3171 3172 3173 3174 3175 3176 3177 3178 3179 3180 3181 3182 3183 3184 3185 3186 3187 3188 3189 3190 3191 3192 3193 3194 3195 3196 3197 3198 3199 3200 3201 3202

Surname

Name Farid Farid Fraydon Fraydon Ghodrat Ghodsi Ghorban Kobra Majid Majid Majid Mohssen Mohammad Mohammad Mohammad Reza Mohammad Reza Mahmoud Mahoud Morteza Marzieh Moslem Mostafa Mansour Mehdi Mehran Mehran Mehrdad Mehrdad Mehrdad Mehri Mahyar Nader Naser

Age Sex M 32

POB

Edu.

Date Dec. 88 1988

Place Shiraz Evin Mashad Dezful Gohardasht Evin Evin

Method F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. Exe. Exe. Exe. F.s.

M Tehran M B.s. S.

Sep. 88 Dec. 88 Aug. 88

19

M M F Isfahan

Aug. 88 H.s. Dip. 1988 1988 B.s. H.s.s. Dec. 88 Nov. 88 Sep. 88 Oct. 88 Nov. 88 H.s.s. Nov. 88 Nov. 88 H.s.s. H.s. Dip. Tech. Nov. 88 1988 Aug. 88 Sep. 88 Nov. 88 Aug. 88 Clergy H.s. Dip. H.s.s. H.s.s. H.s.s. 1988 Nov. 88 Aug. 88 Nov. 88 Sep. 88 Dec. 88 Nov. 88 H.s. Dip. H.s. Dip. Aug. 88 Nov. 88 Aug. 88 Univ. S. Univ. S. 1988 Sep. 88

25

M Malayer F M

Evin Evin Tehran Tehran Tabriz Evin Karaj Khoram Abad Zahedan Evin Mashad Tehran Ilam Arak Tehran

F.s. F.s. Exe. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. F.s. Hang. Hang. Hang. F.s. Hang. Exe. F.s. F.s.

28

M M Tehran M M

33 29 25 18 30

M M M Khoram Abad M Babol M M F

28 29 26 18 23 20

M M Malayer M M Tehran M Tehran M Tehran M M

Evin Tehran Ahwaz Evin

F.s. F.s. Exp. F.s. Hang.

26 26

M F F M M

Tehran

F.s. Exe.

Shiraz Karaj

Exe. Exe.

241

Crime Against Humanity

R 3203 3204 3205 3206 3207 3208

Surname

Name Nasrin Vali Hadi Hadi Hadi Hoshang

Age Sex 18 F M M 25 28 47 M

POB

Edu.

Date Aug. 88 1988 Nov. 88

Place Karaj

Method Hang. Exe.

Tehran Mashad Rasht Tehran

F.s. Hang. F.s. F.s.

S. H.s. Dip H.s. Dip.

Aug. 88 1988 Nov. 88

M Abenar Anzali M

242

A List of Victims

Surname

Name

Age Sex

POB

Edu.

Date

Place

Method

Photographs of some of the victims of the 1988 massacre

Images of Innocence

243

Images of Innocence Images of Innocence

Photographs of some of the victims of the 1988 massacre

Ebrahim Sahragad in prison garb

Mohammad Zakeris body was dumped in a well after he was hanged.

244

Images of Innocence Images of Innocence

Photographs of some of the victims of the 1988 massacre

Ahmad Seyyedian with his daughter, Zohreh

Amir Houshang Hadikhanlou

Abbas Bazyarpour

245

Images of Innocence Images of Innocence

Photographs of some of the victims of the 1988 massacre
Two members of Irans national football team, both executed in the massacre: Mahshid Razzaghi (second from left, standing), and Habib Khabiri (third from left, sitting). Khabiri was the Captain of Irans national Squad.

Davar Ghaffazadegan (first in column) was an accomplished mountaineer.

Mohammad Jangzadeh (standing)

246

Images of Innocence Images of Innocence

Photographs of some of the victims of the 1988 massacre

Mohammad Poulchi (left) and Farhad Moussapour, both executed

Massoud Nasseri and Ali Heiddari, both executed

Two brothers, Farhad and Farrokh Jareh, both executed

247

Images of Innocence Images of Innocence

Photographs of some of the victims of the 1988 massacre
Zahra Niakan and her brother, Hossein, were both executed in the massacre. In this family photograph they were honoring their uncle, Heidar Niakan, executed in 1982.

Mojtaba and Fatemeh Ghanimati, a brother and sister executed by mullahs regime.

Mohammad Reza Shariati

248

Images of Innocence Images of Innocence

Photographs of some of the victims of the 1988 massacre

Hassan Shokrollahi YanCheshmeh

Ezzatollah Kia Ahmadi

Mansour Asgari

249

Ayatollah Hossein-Ali Montazeri says that in the first few days of the Iranian massacre in 1988, thousands were killed, and at a conservative estimate, the final death toll was in the region of 30,000... If those responsible for this crime against humanity go free, a terrible injustice will have been done to the victims, their families, and the survivors of the mass executions. The cause of international justice and universality of jurisdiction over crimes against humanity will have been seriously impaired. Lord Avebury Vice Chairman of the British Parliamentary Human Rights Group

The massacre of more than 30,000 political prisoners in a few months in 1988 has left an indelible mark on the history of our times as one of the most abominable crimes against humanity. The world can no longer allow the perpetrators of such carnage go unpunished. The massacre truly fits the definition of crimes against humanity. It is therefore necessary to set up an international tribunal to indict and try those responsible for this crime. Pierre Bercis President of Nouveaux Droits de lHomme Member of National Consultative Commission on Human Rights in France

Atrocities during civil wars, as in Rwanda, Bosnia or Kosovo, are bad enough. But the systematic massacre of political prisoners in cold blood by a regime which fears the people it rules is worse. This is what happened in the mullahs Iran in the single year of 1988. An estimated 30,000 political prisoners were butchered on the basis of a fatwa issued by Ayatollah Khomeini. This not only stands as a crime against the growing majority of the people of Iran who demand the return of the freedom stolen from them, it is also a crime against humanity for which the mullahs must answer. Robin Corbett Member of House of Commons (Labour Party)

This shocking massacre is a crime against humanity as a whole, and not against the Iranian people alone. It is therefore imperative that those responsible for this crime be brought to justice, be it in an international tribunal or the Iranian peoples court. Silence in the face of such barbarity is a betrayal of humanity. Fakhri Kawar Chairman of Jordanian Writers Guild, Ex-President of the Arab Writers Union

ISBN : 0 9540035 0 0

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