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BILLED REVIYflL OF FREEMflSONRY IN

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(a)

FRATKRNALLY YOURS,

EDWIN A. SHERMAN,
HON. MEM. SUP. CON.
S. J. U. S.

PAST GRAND REGISTRAR OF THE GRAND CONSISTORY OF THIS STATE OF CALIFORNIA, SECRETARY OF THE MASONIC VETERAN ASSOCIATION OF THE PACIFIC
COAST, ETC., ETC., ETC.,

OAKLAND,

CAI<.

NEW
BRIEFANCIENT AND

EDITION
OF THE

HISTORY
OF THE

ACCEPTED SCOTTISH RITE

OF

FREEMASONRY
TOGETHER WITH
A.

HISTORIC SKETCH OF

THE SO-CALLED REVIVAL OF FREEMASONRY IN 1717,

AND OTHER INTERESTING AND INSTRUCTIVE MATTER.

FOR THE INFORMATION OF MASTER MASONS IN GENERAL AND OF BRETHREN OF THE ANCIENT AND ACCEPTED SCOTTISH RITE OF FREEMASONRY IN PARTICULAR.
COMPILED FROM THE MOST RELIABLE SOURCES AND FROM THE MOST DISTINGUISHED HISTORIANS AND AUTHORS EXTANT, BY

EDWIN
;

A.

SHERMAN,
;

33,

HONORARY MEMBER OF THE SUPREME COUNCIL FOR THE SOUTHERN JURISDICTION OF THE UNITED STATES GRAND KEEPER OF THE SEALS AND ARCHIVES OF THE GRAND CONSISTORY OF CALIFORNIA WISE MASTER OF GETIISEMANE CHAPTER OF ROSE CROIX, No. 5, OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA SECRETARY OF THE MASONIC VETERAN ASSOCIATION OF THE PACIFIC COAST VICK-PRESIDKNT OF THE NATIONAL CONVENTION OF MASONIC VETERAN ASSOCIATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES, ETC., ETC., ETC.
, ;

OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA, CAKUUTH A CARRUTH, PRINTERS, 520

June
24,

ST.

1890.

Entered according to Act of Congress, June

sth. 1890

BY EDWIN

A.

SHERMAN,

33

In the Office of the Librarian of Congress, U. S. A.

TO

THE MEMORY OF

MY TRUE FRIEND AND BROTHER,

THE KIND AND COURTEOUS GENTLEMAN, THE LEARNED AUTHOR, THB PROFOUND SCHOLAR, THE DISTINGUISHED MASON, AND THE LAWGIVER TO THE "ANCIENT AND HONORABLE FRATERNITY OF FREE AND ACCEPTED MASONS,"

Albert CSaUatin IJtackeQ, 33,

LATE SECRETARY GENERAL AND DEAN OF THE SUPREME COUNCIL OF THE
33D DECREE OF THE
"

ANCIENT AND ACCEPTED SCOTTISH RITE OF

FREEMASONRY" FOR THE SOUTHERN JURISDICTION OF THE

UNITED STATES, PAST GENERAL GRAND HIGH PRIEST, ETC., ETC., THIS LITTLE WORK IS MOST

FRATERNALLY AND AFFECTIONATELY DEDICATED,

BY

EDWIN

A.

SHERMAN,

33,

THE COMPILER.
OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA,
St.

John the Baptises Uuy, June 24111, 1890.

2067028

PREFACE.
In presenting this "NEW EDITION OP A BRIEF HISTORY OF THE ANCIENT AND ACCEPTED SCOTTISH RITE OF FREEMASONRY" to his

Brethren of the Craft, a few prefatory remarks the Author deems to be necessary at this time.

The first edition prepared by him was under the auspices of the Grand Consistory of the State of California in the month of July, 1885, at which time he was its Deputy and Grand Lecturer as also the Deputy of 111. Bro. Charles
33, one of the Active Inspectors-General for this State. Some hundred copies were then printed and distributed gratuitously among the Brethren of the A. & A. S. Eite in particular, and the Blue Lodges throughout the State of California in general, the Grand Consistory afterwards paying for the printing and the postage cost of distribution, but no compensation was made to the writer for the compiling of the work, which had been prepared after a great deal of time expended in reading and condensing of the history of the Rite for the object had in view. Being printed only in pamphlet form, the most of the first edition was soon lost and destroyed.
F. Brown,
fifteen

Many

of the Brethren having manifested their desire to have the

same

reproduced, the writer had already undertaken the task and it was well under way, when he was written to by the agent of publishers in the East, and
solicited to prepare a portion of a

new and large Masonic work of a more general and comprehensive character, which will soon make its appearance.
In that work, will appear an abridged portion of
this,

and of the

first

edition issued in July 1885, which the writer has supplied to those publishers for that work, but not exclusively, he retaining the original production pre-

pared by him in 1885, as also the present work enlarged and expanded with
notes and additional matter, which the limited space allotted -in the forthcoming publication by the Eastern publishers would not admit.

He, however, would most cordially commend the work referred

-s

to,

which

THE HISTORY OF FREEMASONRY AND CONCORDANT ORDERS " to be published by L. C. Hascall & Company, publishers, New York and Boston,
and which every Master Mason, Royal Arch Companion, Knight Scottish Rite Mason ought to have, and it should be found in every Masonic Library as it will be the best Masonic work of interest of the Century, as a general compendium of the history of our Ancient and HonorU.
S. A.,

"

Templar and

able Order.

This " NEW EDITION OF THE BRIEF HISTORY OF THE ANCIENT AND ACCEPTED SCOTTISH RITE OF FREEMASONRY, etc., herewith presented, is

PREFACE.
intended more as a hand-book for reference as an epitome of history, instead of a great work. Of the abridged portion of this production, which will be

published in the greater work, the reviewing editor, one of the brightest Bro. H. L. Stillscn, K. T., of Bennington, scholars of New England,

Vermont, says
"

My

verdict of

it is,

that

it is

valuable contribution.
effort for

You know
it is.

able, candid, intensely interesting, and a I predicted that it would be your crowning

the Craft, and

"
I

world's history in the language, and allow me to say, that I like your treatment of the English Reformation, the Protectorate, etc., better than any outline of it I have ever
read.

wonder how you managed to comprehend so much of the There is nothing like your production in so short a space.

You may take this as a very great compliment, because I arn no admirer of the religious views of either Oliver Cromwell or John Knox, but I can see and appreciate fairness in a historical writer as distinguished as
yourself.

Some

standard historians' names would have descended to posterity

with greater fame, had they approached you in this characteristic. " " Hughan's Royal Order" which follows your "Scottish Kite" and
is numbered chapters IV. and V. in connection with it, are splendidly written and the two will make a Masonic History of themselves." After such a flattering encomium of the abridged portion of this work to be embraced in the greater History referred to, the writer feels confident that this production will be duly appreciated by the Brethren who may read it, yet at the same time he urgently recommends and hopes that after reading this,

" they will subscribe for and procure the greater work of

THE HISTORY OF
may be
said to be
to be preferred be-

FREEMASONRY AND CONCORDANT ORDERS"

fore it," the clasps of

of which this
it

the "fore-runner" of the "one that cometh after

which

is

which he is hardly "worthy

to unloose,"

where there are

distinguished writers than himself engaged upon it, who have been reared in the classic shades of Oxford, Harvard, Yale and other colleges,
so

many more

while the writer has spent more than forty years of his life upon the frontiers and among the mountains and slopes of the Pacific Coast. Such as it is, how.
ever,

he commits

it

to the destiny that awaits

it,

and patiently but confidently

A.

bides the result.

EDWIN
OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA, July
1,

SHERMAN,

33.

1890.

John

Pavkovich,

INTRODUCTION.
"

He

that

is first

in his

own cause seemeth

fiele

just

but his neighbor cometh and

de-

searcheth him."

Prov.
(conceal)

"Some
clare." "

things thou shalt

and some thou shall publish and

sdras.

No greater honor could accrue to any man than that of having been the founder of a new school of Masonic history, in which the fictions and loose statements of former writers would be rejected, and in which the rule would be adopted that has been laid down as a vital maxim of all inductive science, in words that have been chosen as his motto by a recent powerful investigator of historical truth: 'Not to exceed and not to fall short of facts not to add and not to take away. To state the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth.' " Albert G. Mackey.

When

so

much has been

written and in a controversial

manner by

dis-

tinguished Masonic writers and varied opinions expressed by them as if ex cathedra, that statements, conflicting as they may be, are supposed to he taken as positive facts, infallible and certain, it may be considered rash and im-

prudent for another, but unpretentious writer, to enter the field and, without controversial argument, attempt to give a sketch of a Rite of Freemasonry for the benefit of the earnest seeker after Masonic truth, which Rite is the most
universal and deservedly the most popular and meritorious of all the systems of Freemasonry now practiced upon the face of the globe that of the

regularly constituted

"ANCI/.NT AND ACCEPTED SCOTTISH RITE OF FREEMASONRY," under the Supreme Councils of the World.
Says Nicholas de Bonneville
"
:

The difficulties attendant upon writing a history of Freemasonry, to compose such a work, supported by dates and authentic facts, it would require a period equal to ten times the age of man."
This statement, though an exaggerated one, contains a very large percentage of truth when we consider the age in which he lived (during the latter part of the eighteenth century), in which there were more than a hundred rites and orders of Freemasonry, and the number of degrees was legion, in which the various authors and compilers made free use of each other's inventions and
productions in compiling their own making alterations and' changing the names of degrees (which was afterward followed to some extent in America), and as their rituals were both written and printed, without a copyright law
;

for protection, while per se they were unable to protect their productions from infringement and being purloined bodily by their rival authors and competitors

and confusion being worse confounded by the

Jesuits,

who sowed

tares

among

them

all.

It is a difficult matter for the ordinary American Freemason to understand or comprehend such a state of apparent confusion among the Workmen,

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE

and of so much dust arising in cleaning out the rubbish and endeavoring to bring order out of chaos in the efforts made to restore the Temple to its And comparisons, however odious, are necessary pristine glory and splendor. to be made to understand intelligently the status and difference of condition
work.

between American and European Freemasonry before entering upon this Says Oliver: "The Americans appear to be mote generally versed in
the principles of the Order than the brethren of this country (i. e. Great Britain), which is owing, I conceive, to the genial operation of its local Grand

Lodges. Every brother may become a ruler of the Craft, and a Master in Israel, by The offices of the Grand Lodge are open to the his own meritorious exertions.
industrious and worthy brethren who have given proof of their excellence in the art; and this facility of promotion excites a spirit of friendly emulation, which operates favorably for society at large. The several Grand Lodges also

are engaged in amicable contests, which shall carry out the best interests of
effectually and hence we find nothing in Masonry as it is praccondemn, but everything to commend. They do not waste their time in talking, debates upon all speculative questions being left to the several committees or boards. The Grand Lodges have to determine merely upon their reports, which are usually found to be drawn up with so much judgment and discrimination as not to be susceptible of any hostile opinion, and hence

Masonry most
ticed there to

their

members are seidbm

in collision with each other."

In Europe they go upon the monarchial principles and ideas expressed in

Ecclesiasticus,

which happily in America are not canonical:

;

hath

of a learned man cometh by opportunity of leisure and he that business shall become wise. How can fee get wisdom that holdeth the plough and that glorieth in the goad that driveth oxen, and is occupied in their labors and whose talk is of bullocks ? " He giveth his mind to make furrows and is diligent to give the kine fodder. " So every carpenter and workmaster * * * All these trust to their hands and every one is wise in his work. " Without these cannot a city be inhabited, and they shall not dwell where they will, nor go up and down " They shall not be sought for in public counsel, nor sit high in the congregation they shall not sit on the judge's seat nor understand the sentence of judgment they cannot declare justice and judgment and they shall not be found where parables are spoken. But they will maintain the state of the world, and all their desire is in the work of their craft."

"The wisdom
little

"

of equality and

The American Freemason stands on the broad level and solid foundation common citizenship of an absolutely free government of a

democratic republic, founded by his fathers in the Revolution of more than a century ago; which has come to him as a priceless legacy by inheritance, with no law of primo geniture solely for the benefit of elder sons; and his
natural rights by birth and citizenship are protected by constitutional laws, which, as a man truly free born in every sense, make him the equal of a king,

while in Europe, from whence nearly all our Freemasonry has been originally transplanted, the European-born and created Craftsman cannot experience

and feel that thrill of conscious manhood and equality at home which inspires and gives that freedom of action, of unobsequious and fearless independence of character and tone, which distinguishes his American brother without arrogance or superciliousness.

A.

&

A.

S.

RITE OF FREEMASONRY.

In England, Scotland and Ireland, from whence we derive our Masonic descent, there is the superincumbent mass of legally stratified and arbitrary civil and social pressure of not less than sixty-six divisions or layers, one above
the other, of rank of royalty, blooded and created nobility and aristocracy, consisting in the male line of king, dukes, marquises, earls, viscounts, barons,
baronets, knighthood, etc., etc., etc., down to and including gentlemen-atarms, before the middle classes of merchants, bankers, manufacturers and the
scale of British

professions are reached, with the mechanic and laborer at the bottom of the humanity ; while an equal if not greater weight, with ten-

fold

more despotic power of caste, exists upon the continent of Europe. Only in the United States of America is the dream of the European Freemason, of
;

liberty, equality and fraternity materialized and made substantial and real and here only, absolutely and completely, politically and Masonically speaking, is his faith lost in sight, his hope ended in fruition of equal civil and religious " the liberty, and only charity remains for him to practice among his brethren in household of the faithful " in particular, and toward all mankind in general, and maintain the principles of our Order. In Europe and in European colonies the Freemason is a graded subject according to his civic rank in America, a free citizen, where all are equal ; but everywhere around the globe a brother.
;

The Masonic

doctrine enunciated by

Thomas Jefferson

in the Declaration

of American Independence, "We hold these truths to be self-evident that all men are created equal, and that they are endowed with certain inalienable rights, among which are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness," is the

American Freemason's and the

true

American

citizen's creed.

Upon

this

he

constructs his Masonic, moral, religious and political edifice, and the Grand Lodge under whose particular jurisdiction he may reside lays the corner-stones
all public buildings erected by the government of his choice, and in which he has a vote and voice. In Europe it is but theory in part, and Freemasonry lives under the baleful shadow of united altar and throne. In America it is in both theory and practice, unrestrained, and lives and thrives under the broad sunshine of well-regulated liberty and under the " starry -decked heavens" which cover a free republic "a government of the people, by the people and for the people," so well described by the immortal Lincoln, and said by

of

another,

"And
social

the will of the people

is

the law of the land."

political conditions of America and Europe are unequal, and Freemasonry in Europe, by its degrees, was, and has been for a century and three-quarters, graded according to civic rank and degree of aristocracy,

The

and

and it will in all probability continue to be so for many years to come, notwithstanding the strenuous, erratic and extraordinary efforts of our French brethren, who are too iconoclastic at times, and who endeavor to remove and
obliterate too

many

of the ancient landmarks.

Therefore, it is, that when American writers upon the subject of Freemasonry enter upon the discussion, research and history fall into the common error of traveling in old ruts made by others, like a procession of pissants,
as existed before they started out

and run everything into the ground, and into as great a darkness and obscurity on their expedition, and considering Free-

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE

masonry in the abstract without regard to the civic and social rank and condition World and each, in letting out the string of his kite to cross the Atlantic, to have something attached to the bobs of its tail, gets it entantangled abroad or it becomes too heavy to again rise, and in pulling it in finds that he has miscalculated the distance, by using Mercator's projection for his trestleboard, and not allowed for the spherical form of the earth and his kite becomes a net with the bobs for sinkers, and he finds at last that he has actually been engaged in deep-sea soundings and gathering shrimps in the Atlantic instead of bringing down illumination from the stars of an European
of affairs in the Old
; ;

sky.

of them might have learned a lesson from our own illustrious exemplar and philosopher, Benjamin Franklin, who, before he ventured upon the shores of the Old World to lecture upon the science of electricity, saw fit to test the truth of his reasoning and philosophy by tapping the battery in the clouds immediately over his head at the risk of burning his

Some

Masonic

fingers and receiving a shock of enlightenment such as the prescribed formalities of the Craft.

is

not usually given in

When the cord was loosened or cut in Europe that bound Operative and Speculative Freemasonry together, and a division of copartnership property took place, the Speculative portion retained the working tools as symbols only
to illustrate

and inculcate moral truths and though

;

in the Master's

Degree the

candidate was informed that he was "entitled to the knowledge and use of all the instruments and working tools iudiscriminatelv," "but more especially the trowel,"

which has a beautiful moral connected with

its use,

and in America has

its

ap-

propriate signification, yet in Europe its real meaning is adroitly and covertly If the brother should significantly attempt to make use of the concealed.

drawing intruments by which symbolically he should attempt to alter or improve the plan of architecture of social and civic rank and seek to rise above his station in life, the condition of his birth and education, he would very

Ne sutor ultra crepidam" ("Let not the quickly receive the admonition, cobbler overstep his last".) Or, in other words, he would be directed to confine himself to the trowel and mortar-board alone, and outside upon the walls
way of ornament or elegance which belongs only to his superiors by circumstance of birth and degree of condition. It would be implied by manner, if not actually spoken, <l We, who are your superiors, can for a few brief moments condescend to come down to your level but you must not presume to ascend to ours, for, if you do, you had better emigrate." That is the actual difference of the status between an American and an European Freemason has ever been, is now, and will continue to be until Europe overturns these layers of stratified royalty, nobility and aristocracy, where liberty is bayoneted to the cross, and the crown with the tiara or mitre have been riveted together in the union of the Church and State.
of the Temple, and not attempt anything in the
within,
;

"

tect of

King Solomon had got tired of the archithe representative of the people, and who had risen from their level to become the companion of kings. The necessity of
is

There

a secret tradition that

the Temple,

who was

personal intercourse during the construction of the

Temple had made

his

A.

&
;

A.

S.

RITE OF FREEMASONRY.

architect familiar with that royalty which was but recent and in the second generation only and the Tyrian architect regarded Solomon as but a man and the son of a shepherd who, by a chain of fortuitous circumstances, had

succeeded the

first

occupants of the throne upon the change of the autonomy

Israel.

and form of government of the people of

of equal magnificence and splendor, is said to have himself, secretly and surreptitiously, secured the plans and the last designs drawn upon the trestle-board of the Temple and secretly contrived the plot whereby his chief architect might be removed, that

King Solomon, being jealous of his power and no other monarch should erect a similar temple

glory,

and determined that

no other king or nation should be able to secure his services while his grief and indignation were simulated and hypocritical, and the unconscious instruments of his purpose performed the part they were incited to enact, not knowing who was the actual chief conspirator whose will they had carried out, when they supposed that they were only executing their own, and yet received the decision of their fate at his hands, the chief criminal and conspirBe ator acting as their judge, from whose royal decree there was no appeal. the tradition true or false, yet in European Freemasonry the same spirit to a certain extent still prevails, and there are not a few in America at the present time but who have imbibed the same. While American Freemasonry retains the form, in a modified degree, of that of its progenitors, and fraternal intercourse everywhere necessar ly exists under restrictions, yet its spirit and teachings are those which are best adapted to a free people, where each individual is the equal and peer of his fellows in the freedom and integrity of manhood and wiili equal rights, honors, and any privileges, duties and responsibilities of brotherhood and citizenship rite of Freemasonry, order or society of any kind which has been heretofore, or hereafter may be transplanted from European to American soil that does not in due time, and after a fair trial, conform to American principles of free self-government by its adherents must, as it ought to do, cease to havs, an existence on this side of the Atlantic.
;
:

In this spirit of the teachings of true Freemasonry, stripped of its surplusage, the writer approaches the task before him, to be found in the following chapters, and if a thorough experience of thirty-six years of a Masonic
life

(twenty-three of which have been officially spent in the Ancient and

Accepted Scottish Rite), of careful study, research, and intercourse with not a few of the wisest and best, who have been, and some still living are, ornaments to the Fraternity, who have illuminated the pages of the history of their country and of Freemasonry, has not taught him anything of value that

he may impart to his " Brethren of the Mystic Tie," then has his whole Masonic life been misspent and his present efforts useless and vain.

As the
Lodge

bee-hive, in a healthy condition, without drones or

its

moths

to eat

out and destroy

substance, represents a well-regulated and well-governed and each individual a worker-bee, armed for its own defense and of its

its unlimited field of labor independent and free, gathers the pollan and nectar of flowers for the sustenance of itself and its fellows, and all working to the same common purpose and end; so the writer, like the bee

hive, goes forth to

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE

whether gathering from the roses and daisies of England, the thistles nnd heather of Scotland, the willows of Germany, the lillies of France, or the honey-dew of America, which everywhere abounds, endeavor to contribute
fruit of his labors to the common stock, carefully avoiding the poison of dogwood blooms, the distillation of deadly nightshade and noxious vegetation which might be injurious to his fellows and make unhealthy the condition of the Masonic hive.

something of the

Fraternally yours,

OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA, ^ St. John the Baptist's Day," June 24th, 1890.

EDWIN

A.

SHERMAN,

33.

A.

&

A.

S.

RITE OF FREEMASONRY.

CHAPTER

I.

THE COXTEMPORAXEOUS HISTORY COEVAL WITH THE DAWN AXD RISE OF SPECULATIVE OR PHILOSOPHICAL FREEMASOXRY IN EUROPE.
"The Grand Kabalistic "FREKMA?OXRY" appeared
Association
all

known

in

at once in the

world

Europe under the name of at the period when the

Protest against the Papal Power came to break the Christian unity." The destruction of the Order of Knights Templar and the burning at the stake of Jacques De Molay, their last Grand Master, in Paris, on the llth of March,

the pretext of heresy, and

terrible conspiracy of

1313, with thousands of others proscribed or persecuted to their death under who were excommunicated and scattered under the

Pope Clement

V., Philip the Fair of France

and the

ultramontane Order of Knights of St. John of Jerusalem, who received as a reward for their perfidy the possessions of the Templars in the islands of

Rhodes and of Malta (and receiving a new title, that of the " Knights of Malta"), caused the remnants of Knights Templars to seek refuge in other " countries than their own, where they might enjoy life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness."

One portion fled to Germany, where they found protection under an excommunicated Emperor, who incorporated them into a branch of the Teutonic Order of Knights of St. Mary, who had fought by their side against the Saracens under Saladin in the wars of the Crusades. Their beauseant, or battle-flag, of black and white in the form of a pennon (or swallow tail), which they could no longer carry, was taken from them, the swallow-tail part cut off, and that they might always be able to see their colors and to remind them of the blood of the martyred Templars, so unjustly and wickedly put to death, the broad red stripe was placed under it and adopted as the flag of Germany, which still continues to be the standard of that nation to-day under
the house of Brandenburg.

Being no longer bound by the vows of a military priesthood and of chastity in Germany, some of them contracted matrimonial alliances whh their own country women yet, to distinguish their origin and maintain a distinct organ izat ion within themselves and that their wrongs might not be
;

forgotten, they adopted a

name

after that of the founder of the

Order of the

de Payens de Guenoc, which became a password among them for their greater security, from which fact, and the origin of their Order and

Temple,

Hugo

distinction

nnd condemned

as heretics, they

came

to be

more generally and

their blood and

popularly

known

as

' :

Lies

HUGUKXOTS."

Having preserved

ro

ERIEF HISTORY OF THE

years, upon the revocation of the Edict rolibed of their property, expelled from France

language distinct they gradually returned to France, from which in after of Nantes in 1085, they were again and driven to other countries

being a repetition of the same thing which in 1313 had been visited their ancestors, the Knights Templars.

upon

The remnants of Knights Templars in Fngland, Scotland and Ireland were ordered to dissolve their organization, disband and become incorporated with the English branch of Knights of St. John of Jerusalem (or Knights of Malta), to enter their priories and preceptories, or suffer the like consequences as had been visited upon their brethren in France and throughout Southern
Europe. Edward II., the son-in-law of their bitter foe (Philip the Fair of France), was then on the throne of England, and equally fierce in his determination to carry out the relentless measures of persecution against the

Templars in his dominion. America had not then been discovered, and there was no place of refuge in Ihe British Isles except in the Kingdom of Scotland, then harrassed by raids from England across the border and threatened with subjugation by Edward II. It was a* a true when Robert the Bruce, the rightful heir to the Scottish tin-one, was eoniending for the freedom and independence of Scotland and his To him this remnant erit'uu'c to the crown. l:t vful in Knights Templars He had led a portion of them in the wars of the Holy lie. for protection. Their faith in him 1 and, to regain possession of the sepulchre of Christ.
1

,">f

name of Knight Templar, as elsewhere throughout Europe, had to be dropped on account of the hostility and power o!' iheir enemies, and that branch was incorporated by Bruce into the Order of
did not prove groundless, but the
" Knights of St. Andrew of Scotland," of Chardon, or of the Thistle, which, with their aid on St. John the Baptists' Day, the 24th of June, 1314 (a little more than a year after their last Grand Master, De Molay, had been burned
at the stake), at

the Battle of Bannockburn the forces of

Edward

II.

were

overthrown, the independence of Scotland was secured, and Robert Bruce was In honor of the victory secured by him on that day restored to the throne.

he
of

instituted the
St.

Order of the Rosy Cross, which served alike

for the

Knights

Irew of Scotland and the Knights Templars, who had been incorporated into that Order. That in the persecutions, suffering, death, burial, resurrection and ascension of the Saviour the Knights Templars might see

An

symbolized the persecution, suffering and death of their Grand Master, De Molay, and the resurrection of their lost cause and restoration of their possessions wrongfully held
St.

by the Knights of Malta; while as Scottish Knights of past woes of Scotland, her deep misery and degradation heaped upon her by the same relentless foe, and which had now risen,

Andrew they saw the

with their

aid, to a glorious

independence, with the brightest hopes of peace,

An example afterward followed sucprosperity and happiness before her. cessfully in more modern times by the Carbonari Patriot Masons of Italy against the remorseless oppression of the Papal tyranny, and which at last, with the aid of such distinguished Masons and patriots as Garibaldi, Mazzini, Cavour and others, under Victor Emanuel, who secured the freedom and unity of Italy, with Rome for its capital, and overthrew the power of the Pope;

A.
which condition

&

A.

S.

RITE OF FREEMASONRY.

is still continued by King Humbert at the present day, with rights of conscience enjoyed by all, and Masons and others are no longer immured in dungeons to die of starvation or be tortured by the Inquisition for having a copy of the Bible, our Great Light, in their possession.

From the loins of the old Knights Templars of Great Britain and France and Germany sprang the Fathers of Freemasonry and the Reformation and to them is the Masonic world indebted for all that there is of Speculative Freemasonry, their colleges of science and philosophy, with the grand triune principles of Liberty, Equality and Fraternity emblazoned on its banners, with the interlaced triangles of Faith, Hope and Charity. The subsequent wars between England and Scotland caused many to flee from Scotland to the Continent and seek asylum in France and Germany, and to again return to their native land when the times were more propitious and there were favorable opportunities. And for nearly five hundred years the chivalry of Scotland was in constant migration to and from the Continent, and it was but natural that during that long period those descended from the Knights Templars of Scotland, when seeking an asylum abroad, where they were welcomed as friends and given protection, should carefully seek out those of the same blood and visit the localities where once had stood the priories and preceptories of their Templar ancestry. In those times Scotchmen generally traveled in foreign countries while the English landsman remained at home. The minstrelsy of Europe still sang the songs and related the stories and tales of the deeds of the chivalrous Crusaders, which kept up the martial spirit of the knighthood, whose powers and achievements in arms were turned in other directions, while the strides of the Reformation through streams and seas of blood and persecution for three centuries, changed the character of nearly the whole of the population of Europe and converted the Island of Great Britain
;

into a

home

of refuge for the persecuted, exiled reformers, fleeing before the

armies of the Papacy, led by'those bloodhounds in human form, the Dominicans and Jesuits. On the Continent of Europe Operative Freemasonry was comparatively at a halt. The renunciation of the Papal authority by Henry VIII. and declaring the English Church independent of the Vatican, and the encour-

agement given to the Operative Freemasons in the erection of new church edifices that were to be used for the preaching of the Gospel according to St. John the " Beloved Disciple," and not that of the so-calle$ successor to St. Peter, added fresh fuel to the fire of the wrath of the Pope at Rome. When Elizabeth, upon the death of " Bloody Mary," was called to the throne, both England and Scotland were in a constant state of inflammation, consequent upon the great religious conflicts and warfare which extended
throughout Christendom. Under her patronage a new style of architecture was introduced, called the " Elizabethean" and newer designs were being drawn upon the trestle-boards by the Master Workmen of the Craft, while the noblest spirits, poets, scholars and philosophers of the age found patronage

and protection

at the

hands of this masculine "Virgin Queen of England,"

against whom the thunders of the Vatican roared in vain, and the daggers of its Jesuit assassins failed when directed at the breast of their intended royal victim.

12 Scotland

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE

felt

the impulse and force of the waves of commotion and revo-

lution of mental and religious changes, caused by the upheaval and resistless forces of the Great Reformation, and when Elizabeth passed away on the 24th of March, 1603, and was succeeded by James VI., the Protestant King of

Scotland, who became James I. of England, uniting the thrones of both countries on July 25th, 1603, in the very dawn of the seventeenth century an age of stupendous convulsions and disturbances, which shook the British
Isles to their foundations, and were the cause of forced as well as voluntary expatriations and first peopling the Atlantic shores of America with English colonies, along the watery edge of a rock-rimmed wilderness peopled with

hostile savages, but where the vision of St. John the Evangelist was fully materialized in after years in the form of civil and religious liberty. "And the woman fled into the wilderness, where she hath a place prepared of God." "

And

to the

woman were

into the wilderness, into her place the face of the serpent."
fly

given two wings of a great eagle, that she might where she is nourished * * * from

Eeligious freedom in part was secured, the Scottish King of England and the United Kingdom has the "Great Light" brought forth and translated
out of the dead tongues and given to the people, and read openly in the churches in a language that can be heard and all understand. He provides an honored place for it in public processions, in the coronation ceremonies,
to be forever used in the

and none

others,

crowning of the Protestant kings of Great Britain and from which in after years the same ceremonies modified

are to be continually used in the installations of Master of Lodges of Freemasonry and other ceremonies of the Craft. Rome has nothing to expect in

her favor from James

I.,

and through her deadly corps of Jesuit conspirators

and

assassins attempts to destroy both James I. and the Parliament of England by blowing them into the air. Fortunately for him and his kingdom and "

assassins

humanity, the Gunpowder Plot" fails, and the immediate conspirators and meet the due punishment of their intended crime, while the Pope, in

anger and disappointment, says low mass for the repose of their damned souls.

The first quarter of the century passes away, terminating his reign on the throne by a natural death, on the 27th of March, 1625, and he is succeeded by his eldest son, Charles I., but during the latter's reign, midst civil war and
having married Henrietta Marie (daughter of Henry IV. of France), a Roman Catholic wife, and imported a retinue and horde of priests and Jesuits with her from France, the realm was rent with revolution, wars
revolutions,

and bloodshed, until at last he was brought to trial by Parliament, and two years before the first half of the century closes he is beheaded, on the 30th of January, 1648, for his treason to the British constitution and to the people.
In the midst of these wars and troubles Operative Freemasonry was
inactive and silent, while Speculative Freemasonry, in connection with it, as we now have it, had not been dreamed of by the wisest of philosophers and

changed
tion,

scholars of those days. The protectorate of Cromwell, however, materially this state of affairs. On the pacification of the people and the restor-

ation of peace, the affairs of Great Britain underwent a favorable transforma-

and he caused her

flag to

be honored at home, respected abroad and

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RITE OF FREEMASOXRY.
At home the

13
schools and

dreaded by her enemies throughout the world.

universities advanced to a higli state of improvement and culture; commerce, manufactures and navigation flourished to a degree that had never been

reached beforehand the erection of magnificent buildings and structures had begun to a liberal extent, giving employment to architects and guild of FreenuKons in their construction, when suddenly it was brought to a dead stop by the death of Cromwell on the 3d of September, 1658. The year and a half that his son Richard ruled as the Protector of the Commonwealth was not marked with any event of importance, and the tide of progress and good government was to be turned back, and all the evils which could be brought upon a nation within itself were consummated upon the accession of Charles II. to the throne on the 29th of May, 1660; and for the twenty-five years of his reign of revenge profligacy, debauchery and immorality, no period of the world's history since the days just before the flood has there been its equal among any people. If he could have covered his kingdom with a roof he would have converted it into a general house of prostitution, if he had been able to entirely debauch and corrupt the people. During his reign, in the Summer of 1664 the Great Plague broke out in London and spread over the kingdom, and in London alone, in the short space of four months, not less than one hundred thousand people were swept away by its ravages. Two years afterward, on the 3d of September, 1666, the Great Fire of London broke out, which raged for three days, in which over thirteen thousand houses and ninety churches were dotroyed, including St. Paul's, which was also laid in ashes. To restore and rebuild the city caused the influx of an immense gathering of Operative Masons from all over the kingdom and from abroad to find employment in London, which also received a new addition of population from the expatriated Huguenots from France and other religious reformers, who, in exile, sought security from persecution, hoping to find that freedom of conscience denied them at home. These people having to depend upon their own industry for their maintenance fused with the guilds of London and the other cities in their various branches of labor and swelled the ranks of Operati/e Freemasons and other organizations, and indoctrinated them with their own ideas of religious
liberty.

On

of Charles

the 6th day of February, 1685, the world was relieved of the presence II., and on the 23d of April following (1685) his brother, James IL,

jiM.vnded the throne, and the last of the male line of the Stewarts was crowned King of Great Britain and Ireland. But he, treacherous and false to his oath, after four years' efforts to restore the supremacy of the Papacy, is forced to abdicate by the people and driven into exile, from whence he returns to make one more, and the last, but fruitless effort to regain his throne. The revocation of the Edict of Nantes by Louis XIV. of France in 1685 had driven a million of Huguenots, with their families, to England, Holland and America, and William of Nassau and Prince of Orange the grandson of "William the Silent and great-grandson of Coligny, the Huguenot Admiral of France, slain at the Massacre of St. Bartholomew was called to the throne, with the Protestant daughter of James II. as Queen, and they were jointly crowned as William III. and Mary II., Kiug and Queen of Great Britain, Ireland and the Colonial Dependencies.
f

I4

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE

The joy which

prevailed throughout Great Britain and the American knew no bounds, and only in Ireland was there discontent and rebellion, which was speedily settled by the victory of William the Prince of Orange

Colonies

over the combined armies of the Papal French invaders and Irish rebels under James II., at the Battle of the Boyne, in Ireland, on the 12th of July, 1690
(or just two hundred years ago), when peace was restored throughout the The augmentation of the population by the forced emigraentire kingdom.

tion of the Huguenots from France made up the loss of those destroyed by the Great Plague, and many of them entered the army and navy, gave valuable assistance in winning the victories over the invaders and rebels in
Ireland.

were
in

settled all over the

Others, skilled in the arts and sciences, scholars and philosophers, kingdom; but a large proportion were domiciled in

London and the other cities of the realm. The seeds of the Reformation sown in Scotland in the middle of the sixteenth century by John Knox, had borne abundant fruit and transformed
he, with his people,

nearly the whole people, excepting a few clans in the Highlands. In 1546, had entered the Castle of St. Andrews as a place of safety from the Romish clergy, but in 1547 they were compelled to surrender to the

combined

forces of the

Roman

Catholics of Scotland and France.

Knox was

taken a prisoner to France and forced to work as a slave in the galleys for two years, when he was released and returned to Scotland and again entered

upon

"

his

the Castle of

preaching with his best beloved brethren of the congregation of St. Andrews."

The constant wars, civil and foreign combined, in Scotland, the destruction of castles and fortresses as well as edifices, gave the opportunity in l imes
.

of peace for the employment to the Operative Freemasons to rebuild And repair the damages and ravages of war, while the principles of civil and religious liberty steadily inculcated among the people, found a secure lodgment

whom the Great Light had been specially which they were enabled to read by the three lesser lights, themselves a symbol of Divine truth, that, being placed in triangular form, produced one light without one candle casting a shadow upon the other (as there would be if two or more were placed in line), thus representamong
the brethren of the Craft, to
intrusted for safe keeping,

ing or illustrating the doctrine of the Trinity of the Godhead or his attributes-

Upon the accession of William III. the Prince of Orange to the throne, confidence was restored throughout the kingdom, and he, recognizing the peaceful character, industry and loyalty of the Craft, whose occupation was to
and not destroy, directed that their aprons and other 'insignia to be fidelity, which afterward (in 1730) became a standing regulation, from which time " Ancient Craft Masonry" has " Blue Masonry" and the Lodges "Blue Lodges," and are thus been termed and known as such throughout the world. It is well to note in designated
build,

bordered with blue as a mark of union and

this connection that the

Huguenot

colors were blue

and white, and blue

is

the

color of Scotland.
It was during the latter half of the seventeenth century that the nebulae of Speculative or Philosophic Freemasonry was gradually taking the form of a solar and stellar system in conjunction with the operative, as being accepted

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RITE OF FREEMASONRY.

15

which it already possessed. It was during this period that the Craft was chiefly under the direction and charge of one whose name in history is, and always will be, inseparable from that of Freemasonry Sir
in addition to that

Christopher Wren.

"This man (the son of a rector of the Established Church) was born
October 20th, 1632, in the reign of Charles I. When fourteen years of age he entered Wadharn College, Oxford, as a gentleman commoner, and was even then distinguished for his mathematical knowledge and for having invented
several astronomical and mathematical instruments.

member

of the Scientific Club connected with

Gresham

In 1645 he became a College, from which

the Royal Society subsequently arose. In 1657 he removed permanently to London, having been elected Professor of Astronomy at Gresham College.

from his youth he had devoted and during the Parliamentary wars and the rule of the protectorate under Cromwell he kept away entirely from the contests of party. In 1660 he was appointed by Charles II. one of a commission
architect, but

He

was not professionally an

much time

to its theoretic study,

to superintend the restoration of the Cathedral of St. Paul's,

which had been

dilapidated, but before the designs could be carried out the Great Fire of London occurred, in which St. Paul's Cathedral was also reduced to ashes,

much

and in 1665

Wren went

to Paris

and other

cities

of the continent to study the

While assistant designs of the various churches and other public buildings. to Sir John Denham, the Surveyor-General, he directed his attention to the
restoration of the burnt portion of the city, and in 1667 he was appointed Surveyor-General and Chief Architect, and as such he erected a large number
edifices.

of churches, the Royal Exchange, Greenwich Observatory and other public But his crowning work and masterpiece is the Cathedral of St. Paul,

commenced
at

in 1675 and finished in 1710; but the cap-stone was which there was a great celebration." Hockey.

laid in 1708,

One writer says that " Christopher Wren was the President of the London Guild of Freemasons at the time of the Commonwealth (under the ProtectorCromwell) that they held their meetings secret in the Common Hall of Freemasons, and that their real object was political the restoration of the monarchy hence the necessary exclusion of the public and the oaths of
ate of Oliver
;

The pretense of promoting architecture secrecy enjoined on the members. and the choice of the place where to hold their meetings, suggested by their
more than blinds to deceive the existing government." W. King. Another writer says: "This day, May the 18th, being Monday, 1691, after Rogation Sunday, is a great convention at St. Paul's Church of the
President, were no
C.

fraternity of the

ADOPTED MASONS, where

Sir Christopher

Wren

is to

be

adopted a Brother and Sir Henry Goodrich of the Tower, and divers others. There have been Kings that have been of this sodality." Aubrey.

From

these two facts

it

is

the Established Church under Charles

evident that Wren, being the son of a rector of I., was naturally opposed to the rule of

Cromwell as Protector, which is confirmed by his being appointed Surveyor General by Charles II. immediately after the restoration of the Stuarts to the throne; and it is also confirmatory of the fact that the "Adopted" or

16

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE

Accepted Masons, or rather Speculative and Philosophic Masons, then connected with the Operative, at that time were composed of gentlemen who were Protestants and especially loyal to that cause which had elevated William the
II. to flee from his kingdom. And that until that period when peace prevailed throughout the realm and no hope existed for the restoration of the Stuarts, that further cause of suspicion as to Wren's loyalty to the reigning family had ceased to exist, and therefore he was admitted to full fellowship with others, and as both Operative and Speculative he could serve as Grand Master to and after

Prince of Orange to the throne and had forced James

to Paris

the completion (of the Temple) of St. Paul's Cathedral. Certainly his visit and elsewhere on the Continent in the service of Charles II. (who was expected to restore the Roman Catholic religion in England) gave him
facilities of

were extended

admission into churches and other buildings, where courtesies to him with the expectation that in his rebuilding of St. Paul's

Cathedral in London he would be reproducing a second St. Peter's, like that at Rome, in which the Romish and not the Anglican service would be held.

At any
tition

rate, it is certain that in

is

the

communion

there was what

now

designated as

"High Church," with

of priests and laity even then a very thin par-

between

itself

and

adhered

strictly to

the tenets of the Protestant faith.

Rome, and the "Low Church" party, which But Speculative or

Philosophic Freemasonry was then in its first stage of organization, preparing for its grand work before it in the opening of the eighteenth century, when all questions of philosophy and science which agitated the public mind
siastical

could be discussed and opinions expressed without danger of kingly or ecclecensure or punishment within the kingdom. Christopher Wren had

now become too old to perform the duties of Patron or Grand Master, and as there were no other great buildings to be constructed at that time many of the Operative Masons dispersed, and Operative as well as Speculative Masonry combined began to temporarily fall into decay, and in 1716 Christopher
life ended, and his tomb in the crypt of St. Paul's Cathedral was appropriately inscribed with the words, "Si monumentum requiris, circumspice." ("If you desire to find his monument, look around").

Wren's

But Wren had done more than merely draw designs and superintend the The moral lessons in connection with the working tools, which had been enlarged under his direction and supervision, were to be carried by the craftsmen into every part of the world where they journeyed and found employment. Though they were simple and crude, yet
construction of material edifices.

what was

interwoven as they were with their labors, they were the primer series of to be unfolded and developed in future years by others.

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17

CI-I

AFTER

II.

THE SO-CALLED REVIVAL OF FREEMASONRY IN 1717 AND ITS DEVELOPMENT WITH CONCURRENT HISTORY OF THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY.
Upon the so-called revival of Freemasonry in 1717, when the Lodges were separate and independent of each other, and there never having been a governing Grand Lodge before, a French Huguenot Reformer, John Theophilus Desaguliers,

born

at

Rochelle, France,

March
ot

a curate of the
in St. Paul's

Church of England and

first

initiated in the

church -yard, secured the assistance

having become Lodge of Antiquity" several older Masons to aid

12th, 1683, "

Grand Lodge of England. He succeeded in obtaining a meeting of the four London Lodges on St. John the Baptist's Day, June 24th, 1717, when the Grand Lodge of Masons was organized at the Apple Tree Tavern, and Antony Saver, the son of a French Huguenot, was In 1718 he was succeeded by George Payne, elected the first Grand Master. and in 1719 Desaguliers was elected Grand Master, followed by the Duke of \Vliarton. the Earl of Dalkeith, Lord Paisley and others.
in the formation of the

England

Desaguliers was the son of a French Huguenot clergyman, who fled to in 1685 on the revocation of the Edict of Jsantes. He was more of

a scientist than a preacher, and Priestly styles

him "an

indefatigable experi-

mental philosopher." His frequent personal intercourse with Sir Christopher Wren, with whom he was on terms of the most intimate friendship, enabled

him

to greatly profit from the experience and information given by so distinguished a man.

In remodeling the work of Speculative Freemasonry, engrafted upon the Operative, the myth or legend of the third degree was now added by Desaguliers when the work was divided into three degrees for the Entered ApprenThe ancient ceremonies of the Egyptian and tice, Fellows and Masters.
Eleusinian mysteries were made use of by him to make the myth or legend of the fate of the master builder of King Solomon's Temple fabricated, for the

purpose of concealing by symbolism the deatli of the Grand Master of the Templars and others who became martyrs for conscience sake, who were
victims of that terrible power which for so curse of mankind.
-

many

centuries has been the

ui

our lamented brother, Albert G. Mac -key. of blessed memory: "To few the present day, except to those who have made Freemasonry a sub-

i8
ject of special study,

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE

But it is well is the name of Desaguliers very familiar. they should know that to him, perhaps more than to any other man, are we indebted for the present existence of Freemasonry as a living institution, for when, in the beginning of the eighteenth century, Masonry had fallen into a
decadence which threatened its extinction, it was Desaguliers who, by his energy and enthusiasm, infused a spirit of zeal into his contemporaries which culminated in the revival of the year 1717, and it was his learning and social position that gave a standing to the institution, which brought to its support noblemen and men of influence so that the insignificant assemblage of the four London Lodges at the 'Apple Tree Tavern' has expanded into an association which now overshadows the entire civilized world. And the moving spirit of all this was JOHN T^EOPHILUS DESAGULIERS."
state of

Three years before this revival took place Queen Anne (the second surviving child of James JI., who succeeded William III. and her sister Mary II.) died on the 1st Day of August, 1714, the last reigning sovereign of
by George
and was succeeded on the 20th of October following This foreign German Prince, who had been born and reared under a different civil state of affairs, upon making an investigation into the condition of his new realm, was totally unable to comprehend the institution of Freemasonry, which socially appeared to be so levelling in its doctrines and principles, and could not understand how a society formed of men with different degrees of rank could meet on the same level scholars, philosophers and scientists and men from the working guilds of Operative Freemasonry. He was suspicious, fearing that their assemblages might be used for purposes menacing to his reign and in the end conspire for the overthrow of his government, and was disposed to attempt the exercise of his arbitrary and despotic will by closing the Lodges and forbidding their assemblages. However upon being appealed to and informed that his ideas were erroneous and the cause of his fears groundless, he reconsidered his intuitions in that respect, but to satisfy his royal pleasure required that the Masters of Lodges and their successors in office for themselves and the members should take an oath of allegiance especially to him and the House of Hanover, that they would be true and loyal subjects and not engage in plots and conspiracies against him, his family or his Parliament, which oath they were required to take and administer to their successors, which was accordingly done; but it was the first time in its history that Freemasonry, by its officers, were ever sworn to support and tie its fortunes to
the
Stuarts,
I.,

House of the

a Prince of the House of Hanover.

any line of Kings or household, or to maintain any particular government, and thus commit its destiny to the will and caprice of a sovereign who, if by revolution should be driven from his throne, they themselves, as his sworn adherents, would be forced into exile or suffer imprisonment or such other punishment as might be inflicted by the successful party. The Craft was no longer free, but existed under royal caprice and restraint. This custom, in a a modified form, has been inherited and perpetuated in American Lodges in
the installation ceremonies of installing their Masters.

So long as there was a royal bond of unity existing between England and Scotland on account of a me mber of the House of Stuarts being of the royal

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RITE OF FREEMASONRY.

19

family on the throne of England in the persons of James I., Charles I., Charles II., James II., his daughter Mary II., the wife of William III., and

Anne, his second daughter, (Scotland was measuiably quiet; but when Cromwell's iron hand was laid on the throat f Charles I. and a German Prince and foreigner was called tothe throne, there was either restive impatience or actual rebellion and revolution in Scotland, the general sympathy of that people going out after one of their own nation who had any sort of a claim to the throne, pretentious or not and being naturally a warm-hearted people and hot-blooded, their generous sympathy would be manifested for the weaker party in the conflict so long as he wore the plaid, no matter whether he was in the right or not and especially when a foreigner, and he being only able to speak English in a broken manner with* a German accent, hard to be under"
; ;

stood.

Freemasonry having now for the first time in its history a regular representative organized government with a national head, its Grand Masters and officers being elected from among its members, it became, as it were, a republic
for ilself within a kingdom) but sought royal patronage and favor for protection or for policy's sake so as not to give offense to the reigning monarch, who might attempt to close the Lodges or impose restraint upon their organization
its operations, which in a manner had already been done. Royalty looked upon Fremasonry to a certain degree with disfavor, and thinking to prevent its increase of numbers a restriction was imposed upon the Lodges

and limit

and their members, that no one was to be solicited to join them a rule which was never required before, but which has been continued until the
present time.

" King Solomon said there were three things too hard for him, yea eves a fourth: the way of a ship in the sea, of an eagle in the air, a serpent on a So it would have been equally as rock, and the way of a man with a maid." hard for King George I. to have ascertained how Freemasonry swelled its ranks to so great a number as it did without violating the rule he had, through his ministers, imposed upon the Craft. As has been well said by our
and lamented brother, Albert G. Mackey " The design of Freemasonry neither charity nor almsgiving, nor the cultivation of the social sentiment for both are merely incidental to its organization; but it is the search after
late
is
:

truth, and that truth

is

the unity of

God and

the immortality of the soul.

various degrees or grades of initiation represent the various stages through which the human mind passes and the many difficulties which men, individually or collectively, must encounter in their progress from ignorance
to the acquisition of this truth."
It

The

was

this idea

which generally prevailed

in the seventeenth

century

among the Operative Freemasons, who were

called

upon

to construct religious

and other edifices for the various sects which had divided the Christian Church, and that called forth a more general spirit of inquiry among them into religious and philosophical truth and the calling to their aid the scientific, philosophic and learned scholars of the age, who were welcomed into the Operative Guild as auxiliaries and were received and made Adoptive or Accepted Freemasons, as had been their custom from time immemorial, and

20

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE

left

antiquarian, Elias Ashmole, who also the impress of his work upon the drama in that portion of the ritual which now relates to the Fellow Craft Degree in particular and before Freemasonry was divided into three degrees. He was made a Freemason Octo-

among those admitted was the learned

has

ber 16th, 1646.

Some thirty-six years afterward, on March 10th, 1682, he was summoned to attend a Lodge of Masons the next day at Masons' Hall, London, an account of which he has left in his diary.

Among
among other

his collection, to be found in the

Ashmolean Museum

at Oxford,

no doubt to be made that the skill of Masons, which was always transcendent even in the most barbarous times their wonderful kindness and attachment to each other, how different soever in condition, and their inviolable fidelity in religiously keeping their secret must expose them in ignorant, troublesome and suspicious times to a vast
things he says
:

"

There

is

ations in government.

variety of adventures, according to the different fate of parties and alterBy the way, I shall note that the Masons were

always loyal, which exposed them to great severities when power wore the trappings of justice, and those who committed treason punished true men

as traitors.

Thus in the third year of the reign of Henry VI. (1432) an Act of Parliament was passed to abolish the society of Masons and to hinder, under grievous penalties, the holding of Chapters, Lodges or other regular assemblies. Yet this act was afterward repealed and, even before that, King

Henry VI. and

of the Craft."

several of the principal Lords of his court became Fellows

In connection with this subject we again revert

to the so-called revival of

Freemasonry in 1717 and take up the name of three of the Grand Masters of England who followed each other in succession immediately after DesaguThe Duke of Wharton, the Earl of Dalkeith and Lord Paisley. liers, viz These gentlemen, and eminent Masons and Grand Masters, had been attainted and forfeited their titles in the British or, rather, Scotch peerages for their
:

adherence to the House of the Stuarts, as will be seen by reference to De Brett's " Peerage of Great Britain and Ireland." Wharton forfeited his Dalkeith was a descendant of the Duke of Monmoulh, illegittitle in 1728. imate son of Charles II. Charles Eadcliff^ who had married Charlotte,
Countess of Newburgh, a widow, was the third son of Edward the second, Earl of Derwentwater, and assumed that title upon the death of his nephew, who was executed for rebellion against George II. in 1716, and fleeing to France

Freemasonry in that country and became the first His mother was Mary Tudor, the illegitimate daughter of Charles II. He had also been attainted and convicted of treason before his flight. He left France in 1733 (five years before the Grand Lodge of England was organized) and made several visits to
assisted in the planting of

Grand Master

of Masons of France in 1725.

England

illegitimate,

The blood of the Stuarts, though in unsuccessful pursuit of pardon. which flowed in his veins operated as an effective barrier to his
Baffled with hopeless disappointment, he at last a) lies Young Pretender in 1745 and sailed from Framw

hopes and prospects.

his fortunes to those of the

to join him, but the vessel in which he had embarked was captured by an English man-of-war. He was taken prisoner and beheaded on Tower Hill,

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RITE OF FREEMASONRY.

21

London, December 8th, 1746. [The Fourth Grand Master of California, Charles Morton Eadcliff, born at Inverness, Scotland, February 5th, 1818, was
his grand-nephew.]

The great monument in London was designed by Sir Christopher Wren, on which he intended to erect the statue of Charles II, instead of the pot of flames as we now see it. But in this he was overruled by men of decency and good sense who did not want to see their country disgraced by the effigy of the most lustful monarch that ever sat on the throne of England, who
debauched his people and destroyed
virtue.

Perhaps no greater royal libertine ever lived than theinfamous Charles II., and incidentally the streams of pure Freemasonry were destined to carry along with them the history of the lives of men who were either legitimately or illegitimately descended from him, or who, by sympathy with the cause of

House of the Scotch Stuarts against that of the successful foreign House of Hanover, which for two hundred and thirty years has held the throne of Great Britain, Ireland and its colonial dependhis line

of the

German and
encies.

The Scottish Element at the time of the so-called revival of Freemasonry England prevailed, and the Masonic world is greatly indebted to a man born on August oth, 1684, at Edinburgh. Scotland a Doctor of Divinity of the Presbyterian faith, who removed to London and became the pastor of the Scotch Presbyterian Church in Swallow Street, Picadilly the Rev. James Anderson, who was commissioned by the Grand Lodge of England on the 29th of September, 1721, to collect and compile the history and charges of the Fraternity
in

from the then existing constitutions of the Lodges. "Anderson's Constitutions and Old Charges and Regulations," compiled by him, have been the general
standing regulations of the Fraternity for nearly a century and three-quarters since they were collated and when we consider the troublous times in which the so-called revival of Freemasonry took place in England, the characters of
;

the persons connected with

it

who had
with

their titles forfeited,

and the predominance of Scottish noblemen and Scottish gentry and scholars also connected

it, we naturally and logically conclude that the fountain-head of the Freemasonry then taught and practiced must be looked for in Scotland itself, which had infused its spirit and teachings into the Grand Lodge of England, thus created and governed in the main by Scotchmen, and where the Scottish sentiments and ideas prevailed so largely, as subsequent events proved to be the case as time and circumstances developed them, and the spirit with the ceremonies of the Rosy Cross of the Scottish Templars, modified and adapteu to the Master's Degree in Blue Masonry with the invention of the legend of the fate of the Master Builder of Solomon's Temple as a symbol which each could adapt and apply for himself.

The
Jesus,
to life,

the widow's son by the prophet Elisha

restoration of the widow's son to life by the prophet Elijah ; that of that of the widow's son of Zain by
;

who

also raised Lazarus (the widow's son) from the grave and restored typical of his own resurrection after his crucifixion and death, found

delineation and representation by the Scottish Templars in their Order of the Rosy Cross of the widow's son of Mary; to al~<> represent the betrayal and

22

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE

death of De Molay, the last Grand Master of the Templars, by order of Pope Clement V. and Philip the Fair, were to be applied to Hiram Abif, the archi-

King Solomon's Temple, as a legend of pure fiction, invented for the purpose of concealing a hidden truth. For there is no history, sacred or profjuie, which gives any account of the tragical fate of Hiram Abif, either before
tect of

or after the completion of the Temple, and the last mention that him anywhere in history is in the Scriptural account, as follows:
"
for the

is

made

of

So Hiram

made an end

House of the Lord."

/.

of doing all the Kings, 7:40.

work

that

he had made King Solomon

Charles

But the adherents of the House of the Stuarts made the application to I., and while they carried Freema 01117 to the Continent of Europe,
to France,

and especially

hoping
its

to use

it

successfully in the cause of the Pre-

legend by restoration to power in England, the liberal philosophers and scientists of the Continent who became united to the Fraternity cf Freemasonry gave it a broader significance and intention of
lectual

tender, in the application of

purpose, and Europe soon was fairly ablaze with the electric lighte of inteland spiritual liberty, ardently striven for by the lovers of Free Thought
;

and Free Conscience throughout the Continent

and everywhere the

investi-

gation into mental and religious philosophy and the sciences was pursued with an avidity and enthusiasm almost equal to that which had animated the

Crusaders to rescue the sepulchre of Christ from the hands of the Saracens.

The

histories,

myths and legends of

all

the ancient nations were explored

to their depths, and degrees were invented by legions, and rites of initiation were organized by the hundreds, of true and false Freemasonry, many of

hem under the direction of the Jesuits, for the purpose of misleading and producing confusion worse than that which caused the stampede at Hie building of the Tower of Babel. If they could not prevent the true Freemasonry from progressing, yet they by subtilely playing upon the selfish propensities of ambitious men within it, could cause it to be divided, and hoped that of itself it would fall into ruins, and thus eventually be destroyed. Towards the latter part of the Seventeenth Century, on the 9th of June, 1668 was born at Ayr in Scotland, Andrew Michael Ramsay, the son of a baker who was well-to-do, who gave his son a liberal education in his own town and a the University at Edinburgh. By his great natural ability, diligence and
industrious perseverance he rose high in his scholarship to the position of a He was a Protestant in religion and sought the practice of his proteacher. fession first in Holland, and was subsequently employed in Paris by James III, the Pretender, as the tutor of his children after he had embraced the

Roman

Catholic faith.

But having while in Holland imbibed the

spiiit of

mysticism, he became the formulator of degrees and the founder of a Masonic rite bearing his name, from which several of the degrees were taken to form

other rites and systems of Freemasonry out of the myths, legends, and histories of the ancient nations with that of the Hebrew and Egyptian especially and
the

Temple of Solomon

at

Jerusalem as the

central

idea of

concentra-

tion as a symbol.

In 1728 he visited England with the object of having his system adopted by the Masonic Lodges there, but did not meet with the success he hoped for, and returned to France where he died May 6th 1743, in the

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RITE OF FREEMASONRY.

23

But his visit to England was not entirely seventy-fifth year of his age. fruitless as will be seen by the following. The great majority of the Fraternity in England at that time were come
municants of the Established Church.

few were Independents or Congre-

gationalists and Presbyterians, but the greater portion of the minority werliberals in their religious sentiments, and governed by a spirit of toleration Cowards all the various sects. While Ramsay could not succeed in having the

English Lodges adopt his system, especially the degree of the Eoyal Arch of Enoch or Solomon which was ateo known as the "Grand Scottish Knight of the
Sacred Vault of Jaroes VI," on account of it being brought from France, and of the national prejudice against the French and hostility to the Stuart Family whom in one sense he represented, yet he planted the seeds of ambition and discord which were to bear fruit in the then near future, which was to rend the Grand Lodge of England asunder, and cause no less than three Grand Lodges to exist at one and the same time and at war with each other.
Personal ambition for
differences,
office,

religious

and

political as well as personal

were the real causes which

split the

Grand Lodge of England

in

twain in 1738 while the pretexts for the cause of division were puerile, frivolous and childish. The seceders under Lawrence Dermott called themselves

York Masons," without the authority of the Grand Lodge at York, and styled the pegular bodies from which they had seceded the "Moderns," and in 1739 set up a new Grand Lodge, dismembered the Third or Master's Degree, leaving that in partial ruins, and carried over the severed portion
the "Ancient

and deposited it in the ruins of King Solomon's Temple where it was to be found in a newly manufactured degree, made by Dermott called the "Royal Arch of Zerubbabel" to distinguish it from the original Royal Arch of Enoch
or Solomon; using the Sacred or Secret Vault second-handed, for the new myth or legend invented by him out of material thus borrowed, to arrange his new system, containing matter and ceremonies of which the remaining members of the original Grand Lodge knew nothing of, nor did their successors in England, until seventy-five years after when, in 1813, these two Grand Lodges united and formed the present Grand Lodge of England which in its

declaration of Constitution declared that "Ancient Craft

Masonry

consisted of

the Three Degrees of Entered Apprentice, Fellow Craft and Master including the Holy Royal Arch."

Mason only

These two Grand Lodges of England during this long period of three quarters of a century, chartered Lodges throughout the English dependencies and with the Grand Lodges of Scotland and Ireland occupied joint possession of the American Colonies until the war of Independence in 1776 which severed

The war of the Revolu under the benign influence and direction of Washington, healed the differences between the "Ancients'' and "Moderns" in this country, who were still more strongly united together by the additional ties of kindred and patriotism, and the Military Lodges which were formed,
also all

tion in

Masonic allegiance America which was

to the

Mother country.

successful

added strength and influence to the cause of Freemasonry and to the lovers Of The first of the Military Ledges being "Amerliberty from Maine to Georgia. ican Union No. 1," which at the close of the Revolutionary War, found per-

24

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE

manent lodgment at Marietta, Ohio, the first established west of the Alleghanies, where it still flourishes.
During the middle portion of the Eighteenth Century, while the Continental wars in Europe were in full activity, Freemasonry continued to thrive in spite of the devastation of war and the hostility of nations; and the
it, in the fulmination of the bulls of the Pope, threatening excommunication, confiscation of property, imprisonment and death to all who belonged to the hated and persecuted Order, failed to crush the

thunders of the Vatican against

spirit or destroy the

bonds of fraternity which bound

it

together.

During

this

period English Freemasonry remained comparatively inactive or was engaged jn dissensions and bitterness of strife; its power for good rendered inoperative,

the true spirit of Freemasonry emasculated, and the two Grand Lodges of England were like tired and exhausted eunuchs, who had become worn out in
a boxing or wrestling match in the arena and no longer capable of doing each other harm. But each changed its lectures and formula repeatedly, and Eng-

Freemasonry stood still. And it has been well and truly stated by a most distinguished Masonic writer, that at this time "it became envious and suspicious of the higher degrees. It refused to recognize them as Masonic, or to form
lish

any connection with them, or with the Royal Arch of Dermott, framed from the Royal Arch of Enoch or Solomon. It ne*er had any object after the struggle of the Stuarts had ended. But Scottish Freemasonry, on the contrary, engaged in its long controversy with Royal and Pontifical Despotism, and became the apostle of Free Thought, Free Speecli and Free Conscience."

The Rite of Perfection consisting of twenty-five degrees, was being rapidly extended and propagated throughout France, Italy, Germany aud other European States. Frederick the Great of Prussia, though thoroughly a German
and devoted to the Fatherland and to the Protestant religion, found himself and his kingdom to be the intended victim and prey of the Pontificate which was intriguing with and stirring up the Roman Catholic nations around him to acts of unfriendliness and hostilities against him and his kingdom. Being an accomplished French scholar, a lover of literature and philosophy and an ardent Freemason, even in the midst of active warfare, he found time to patronize the artsand sciences, to study the occult mysteries of Freemasonry and enjoy the society of the most distinguished philosophers, authors and poets of that age.

With

the assistance of his Scottish and French brethren and others, for the

better protection of Freemasons and the Order in general, he remodeled with with their assistance the Rite of Perfection in its government, and interlacing eight other degrees which were added to it, formulated the Ancient and Ac-

cepted Scottish Rite of Freemasonry with himself as its Chief, and established its Constitutions in 1762, which were revised in 1786, and which have

been the fundamental law of that Rite to the present date, which is destined to become the most popular, as it is the most universal rite around the globe. It
has been plundered and robbed extensively of its degrees, to patch up other and systems under other names, and emasculated of their original spirit and objects, and only rendered mechanically dramatic, without the true morals
rites

and lessons they were originally intended to teach. "De mortnis nil nisi bonuni" is a maxim generally adopted to express Masonic Charity for the

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RITE OF FREEMASONRY.
Masonic Justice
also declares

25

faults of the dead; but for the survivors

"De

mortuis nil nisi rerum."

And
state that

Let nothing be said of the dead but what is true. before entering the next chapter, it will be but right and proper to
L. Cross, in this country, interpolated into the Master's Degree Broken Column and the Weeping Virgin, with old Father
St.

Jeremy
his

his fiction of the

Time with

hour glass and scythe, employed in unwinding the ringlets of

Paul's Churchyard in

her hair, from observing that figure in statuary in

New York

city.

In the same manner he laid hold of the side degrees of Royal and Select
Masters of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite of Freemasonry in the jurisdiction of the Southern Supreme Council and propagated them in the territory of the Northern

Supreme Council, and established bodies which in time have become representative and legislative, and partially attached to the Webb Chapter and Commandery system. "The evil that men do lives after them and the good is often interred with
their bones."

Thomas. Smith Webb, out of the Master Mark Mason's Degree, in part, manufactured the American Mark Master's Degree, invented that of Past Master and Most Excellent Master at Albany, New York, at the same time he revamped Dermott's Royal Arch Degree.
"Most Excellent Master." This degree is peculiarly American, it being practiced in no other country. // was the invention of Webb, who organized the capitular system of Masonry as it is taught in this country and established the system of lectures which is the foundation of all subsequent systems
taught in America.

[Page oil Mackey's Enc.]

perfect right to do, but he wronged his did not possess them, requiring them to

may have had a English Royal Arch Brethren who

others he

The

be "healed.' that

is,

to receive his degrees before they

were allowed

to visit the

American Royal Arch Chapters. This was throwing doubt over the purity of the character of the Mother by the Daughter, who had brought in strange children into the family household only one of which has any claim to beauty or historic accuracy. To meddle with their Royal Arch is questionable. But
laid hands on the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite and took the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Degrees or Knight of the East and Prince of Jerusalem away bodily, degrees that are entirely Hebrew and Persian in their history and drama and 653 years before the crucifixion of Christ, and called the telescoped but

when he

purloined degrees the "Red Cross Degree," and took portions of the eighteenth or Grand Scottish degree, or Rose Croix, and something of the twenty-ninth

Knight of St. Andrew, and thirtieth or Knight Kadosh, to make his American Knight Templar Degree, he took that which he hadno legal right towhatever, and made his confreres and successors the innocent receivers and keepers of stolen his Chapter and property, and wrongfully and with equal impropriety called worse charCommandery system the "York Rite" and made a repetition of a acter than did Lawrence DermoU when he set np his Grand Lodge of Sectders from the Grand Lodge of England in London and called it the "Grand Lodge of Ancient York Ma~mi>" without the least shadow of a claim to the title, for
the

Grand Lodge

of

York Mason* then

still

existed at the ancient city of

26

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE

It is evident that

York.
A.
S.

he had unlawful access

to the rituals of the

A. and

New

Rite deposited in the Archives of the Lodge of Perfection at Albany York, then dormant, while he resided in that city where he invented

his degrees.

But to return

to the

main subject.

Scottish

Freemasom-y from its foundation

to the top of its loftiest spire, is the Temple of Civil and Religious Liberty, teach"It ing and practicing the true principles of Liberty, Equality and Fraternity.

has the old Knight's Templars for its models, the RoseCroix for its fathers and the Johannites for ancestors." It is the continuer of the school of Alexandria, heir of all the ancient initiations; depository of the secrets of the Apocalypse
object of its worship is Truth represented by the Light; it and professes but one and the same philosophy. The allegorical object of Freemasonry is the rebuilding of the Temple of Solomon; its real object is the reconstruction of social unity, by the alliance of Reason and Faith in accordance with knowledge and virtue, with initiation and tests by means of degrees, and we may add to preserve the natural liberties and rights of Man, corporeal, intellectual and spiritual against all usurpations of royalty and Sacerdotal power.
tolerates all creeds

and the Sohar; the

Said that implacable enemy of Freemasonry and the mouthpiece of Pope Pius VI, the Abbe Barruel, in 1797. Charging the Freemasons with revolutionary principles in politics and with infidelity to the Roman Catholic religion

seeking to trace the origin of the Institution to those ancient heretics the Manicheans and through them to the old Knights Templars, against whom he revives the old accusations of Philip the Fair and Pope Clement the Fifth, he
said:
lars.

"Your whole school and

all

of your Lodges are derived from the

Temp-

After the extinction of their Order, a certain number of guilty knights having escaped proscription, united for the preservation of their horrid mysteries.

To their impious code they added the vow of vengeance against the kings and priests who destroyed their Order and against all religion (papal) which anathematized their dogmas. They made adepts, who should transmit

from generation to generation, the same mysteries of iniquity, the same oaths and the same hatred of the God of the Christians (the Pope] and of kings and otpriests (papists). These mysteries have descended to you, and you continue Such is your origin. to perpetuate their impiety, their vows and their oaths. The lapse of time and the change of manners, have varied a part of your symbols and your frightful systems; but the essence of them remains; the vows, the oaths, the hatred, and the conspiracies are the same." So far as the origin of our Freemasonry and Lodges are concerned in being derived from the Ancient Templars, and hatred of temporal and spiritual tyranny being taught as toward such monsters as Philip the Fair and Pope Clement the Fifth with the tortures of the Inquisition, the fanatical and bigoted Abbe Barruel was correct; but as to the falsehood and slanders against the Fraternitv, we do not know of a more fittinc; reply than that made by the author of the Grand Constitutions of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite of Freemasonry, Frederick the Great, to be found in the following account which
will close this Chapter.

In the year 1778, during our American Revolution

for

Independence,

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RITE OF FREEMASONRY.

27

Frederick the Great of Prussia, and the friend of Washington, whom he admired as a patriot and Freemason, and to whom he sent the present of a sword and for whom Fredericksburg, Virginia, was named, found trouble in his own dominions which he promptly suppressed.

The Superior of a Dominican Convent at Aix-la-Chapelle, Father Greineman and a Capuchin Monk, Father Schiff, were trying to excite the lower
classes against the Lodge of Masons by the Mother Lodge at Wetzlar.
at that place,

When

Frederick heard of

which had been reconstituted this, he wrote

letter, dated February 7th, 1778, to the instigators. "Most Reverend Fathers: Various reports confirmed through the papers, have brought to my knowledge with how much zeal you are endeavoring to sharpen the sword of fanaticism against quiet, virtuous people called Freemasons. As a former dignitary in this honorable body, I am compelled as

the following

much
dark

as

it is

in

my

power, to repel this dishonoring slander, and remove the

temple we have erected to all virtues, to appear to your vision as a gathering point for all vices. Why, my most reverend Fathers, will you bring back upon us those centuries of ignorance and barbarism, that have so long been the degradation of human re:ison? Those times of fanaticism, upon which the eye of understanding cannot look back buj with a shudder? Those times in which hypocrisy, seated on the throne of despotism
veil that causes the

with superstition on one side and humility on the other, tried to put the world in chains and commanded a regardless burning of all those who were able to
read.

"You are not only applying the nickname of Masters of Witchcraft to the Freemasons, but you accuse them to be thieves, profligates, forerunners of Anti-Christ, and admonish a whole nation to annihilate such a cursed generation."

"Thieves, my most reverend Fathers, do not act as we do, and make it their duty to assist the poor and the orphans. On the contrary, thieves are those who rob them sometimes of their inheritance, and fatten orj their prey,
in the lap of idleness and hypocrisy.

Thieves cheat, Freemasons enlighten

Humanity.'''

"A Freemason

returning from his Lodge, where he has only listened to

instructions benfitted to his fellow beings, will be a better husband in his homeForerunners of Anti-Christ would in all probability, direct their efforts toward

But it is impossible for Freemasons to sin without demolishing their own structure. And can those be a cursed to spread generation, who try to find their glory, yi the indefatigable efforts
an extinction of Divine Law.
against
it,

those virtues, which constitute

them honest men?

FREDERIC."

28

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE

John

L.

Pavkovich,

CHAPTER

III.

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE RITE OF PERFECTION AND OF THE ANCIENT AND ACCEPTED SCOTTISH RITE OF FREEMASONRY.
,

Before entering direct upon the History of the Ancient and Accepted
Scottish Rite in particular, it is well perhaps to give a brief sketch of the Rite of Perfection from which it is mainly derived .

By whom

or

when

all

the degrees of the Rite of Perfection were brought

into existence, historv is totally silent upon. They seem however to have been the best of all the degrees of Freemasonry that survived the great mortality of "La Grippe" which befell the legions which came into existence during the
first half of the last century; adopting the language of St. John, the Apostle, in speaking of the Acts of Christ "which if they shall be written every one, I suppose that even the world itself could not contain the books that should be

King Solomon, though dead for nearly 3000 years, has been worked corporeally and made a phonograph of since his decease to talk myriads of times more than he did when he was alive, and tradition in his case has been made perennial and exhaustless, a thousand fold greater than the stories
written," while

and jokes accredited to the lamented Abraham Lincoln.

say,

Some of the degrees of the Rite of Perfection were brought out by Ramand others by Benedictine Monks who became disgusted with their Order and abandoned it; one of whom, Antoine Joseph Pernetty, a native of France,

who like thousands of others was warmly who made him his librarian.
It

received by Frederick the Great,

may

be well

said, that

the

Monk

of Eisleben of

Germany was the

"Great Pioneer and Torch Bearer of the Reformation to bring out the Great Light which had been hidden and concealed in the monasteries of Europe for

When Martin Luther released the Bible from its chains in his monastery and from the fetters of a dfead language not understood by the common people, and it was given to the world literally on the wings of the printer's press, he prepared the way to unlock the treasuries where the wisdom and knowledge of the centuries had been imprisoned for ages, which came forth The myths and legends of history and tradition, liberated and disenthralled. with the arts and sciences and philosophy, that burst forth from their prison cells, and, like birds just out from their cages, by natural instinct had to look around for a place to perch and for safety; and it was found under the protectCenturies.

ing wings of the Black Eagle of Great.

Germany and

in the person of Frederick the

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RITE OF FREEMASONRY.

29

But to defeat the purposes of Freemasonry, the Jesuits had managed to inveigle themselves into it, that they might eventually obtain the control, divert it from its objects and in the end destroy it.
In 1754, the Chevalier de Bonneville (not Nicholas) established a Chapter High Degrees at Paris in the College of Jesuits of Clermont. He was not the founder but the propagator of them. The College of Clermont was the asylum of the adherents of the House of the Stuarts; and hence the Rite of
of the

Masonry.

Perfection from that source became to some extent, tinctured with Stuart It consisted of twenty-five degrees. In 1758, the degrees of the "Rite of Perfection" were carried by the Marquis de Bernez to Berlin and thev

were adopted by the Grand Lodge of the Three Globes; and the same year when the Jesuits who thought they had suppressed it, the Rite again made its appearance in Paris under the authority of the "Council of Emperors of the East and West." Between the years 1760 and 1765, the Jesuits, finding thev had not destroyed it as they expected to, again Insinuated themselves as they always had done and will ever continue to do, where it is possible, and sowed the seeds of dissension and a new organization called the "Council of the Knights of the East," was formed; and a rivalry and contention existed between these two bodies and the Grand Orient of France, until finally in 1781 both were absorbed in that Grand Body which held in France the Rite of Perfection
within
It
its

bosom.
to flourish in

however continued

Germany under Frederick

After a
trial

the

of twentyfour years, finding that it was necessary to re-organize or reconstruct the Rite and to lift it up still higher in the scale of philosophy and its teachings, and
Great,
it its

who gave

Grand

Constitutions in 1762.

to prevent

its

laced and added eight other degrees to

control from again falling into the hands of the Jesuits, he interit, and named the new and reformed

"THE ANCIENT AND ACCEPTED SCOTTISH RITE OF FREEMASONRY " and established the Grand Constitutions which were ratified and signed at Berlin on the first of May 1786. Up to that time from 1762 under the former Constitutions, he was Grand Commander of the Order of Princes of the Royal Secret and the Supreme
system

Chief of the Scottish Rite or of Perfection.

By these Constitutions of 1786 he resigned his authority and his Masonic prerogatives were deposited with a Council in and for each nation, to be composed of Sovereign Grand Inspectors Generals of the Thirty-third and last Degree of legitimate Freemasonry limited in number to that of the years ol
Christ on the earth.

On the 25th of October, 1762. the first Grand Constitutions (framed in that year) were finally ratified at Bordeaux, and proclaimed for the government of all the Lodges of Sublime and Perfect Masons, Councils, Colleges and Conof Sublime Princes of the Royal Secret over the two Hemispheres. was done with the consent and approval of the Grand Consistory at Berlin. In 17(51 the Scotch Rite or of Perfection, (afterwards known as the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite) was brought to America by a Frenchman, Brother Stephen Morin, in accordance with the powers* with which he had
sistories,

Tliis

been invested by the Grand Consistory of Sublime Princes of the Royal Secret,

3o

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE

at Paris on the 27th of August, 1761, under the Presidency of Chaillon de Joinville, Substitute General of the Order.

convened

When Morin arrived at San Domingo, agreeable to his patent and according to his instructions, he appointed Brother Moses M. Hayes as a Deputy Inspector General for North America, with the power of appointing others
wh.rever necessary. Brother Morin also appointed Brother Franckin as a Deputy Inspector General for Jamaica and the British Islands and Brother Colonel Provost for the Windward Islands and the British Army. The Constitutions of 1762 being transmitted to Brother Morin soon after their adoption

and

ratification

by the Grand Consistory of France, who furnished duly authen-

ticated copies of the -same to all the deputy Inspectors Generals appointed bv him and his Deputies, and are still in force, as far as they are not modified and

repealed by those of 1786.

Degree

Brother Franckin instituted a Lodge of Perfection of the Fourteenth at Albany, New York, on December 20th, 1767 (nine years before the

Declaration of Independence) and conferred the Degree of Sublime Prince of the Eoyal Secret (then the 25th Degree but now the 32nd), upon a number of Brethren, but this body after its creation remained comparatively dormant for

many
ren,

were

years, and its original warrant and books of record and patents of Brethfifty-five years after its establishment discovered and brought to light

This was the first body of jn 1822 by our late Brother Giles Fonda Yates. the Rite of Perfection planted on the Continent of North America. From
its rituals and material it no doubt aided Thomas Smith Webb to formulate his system of degrees in the Royal Arch Chapter, to appropriate the 15th and 16th degrees entire, to make his Ked Cross Degree as he did, and, from the Rose Croix and other material with his own invention to make the American Knight Tem-

plar Degree, for he resided at his system there.

Albany

in the years of the interim and prepared

Other material from the Rite was also appropriated by Jeremy L. Cross and then the property was left concealed where Brother Yates found it. Brother Yates hy due authority revived it, and placed it under the superintendency of a Grand Council of Princes of Jerusalem as required by the Old Constitution of 1762 and such Grand Council was subsequently opened in due form in that city. Brother Hayes in 1781, appointed Brother Da Costa Deputy Inspector General for South Carolina, Solomon Bush for Pennsylvania, and Brother Behrend M. Spitzer for Georgia, which appoitments were confirmed by a Council of Inspector General on the 15th of June, 1781, two years before the close of the Revolutionary War. After the death of Brother Da Costa, Brother Joseph Myers was appointed by Brother Hayes ta succeed him. Before Da Costa died, he in accordance with the Constitutions of 1762
in Charleston, in the year time in the United States of America, were the Degrees actually worked from the 4th to the 14th inclusive; for in this Country the three symbolic degrees of the Blue Lodge being under the control and government of the Grand Lodges by which they were established, their authority

established a Sublime

Grand Lodge of Perfection

1783, where for the

first

duly recognized by all legitimate Scottish Rite Brethren in this Country who have remained true and loyal in their allegiance to the sovereign powers of

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RITE OF FREEMASONRY.

31

Ancient Craft Masonry, which in turn appoints representatives to and receives from the regular legitimate Councils of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite of Freemasonry in various countries of the world, and are in amity with them.

On

constituted at Charleston

the 20th of February, 1788, a Council of Princes of Jerusalem wasduly and the officers installed by Brother Joseph Meyers,
researches into the early history of the planting of the Scottish Rite

Behrend M. Spitzer and A. Frost.

The

or that of Perfection in this country, prove that notwithstanding the appointment of Inspectors Generals in the se/eral States the Rite was worked in

Charleston only, and to the zeal of our Charleston Brethren (the most of whom were of Huguenot descent) to their constant application to the Scottish Rite,
are we indebted for the foundation of the first Bodies of the Rite in America and the parent of all legitimate Bodies of the Scottish Rite now in existence. In 1796, a Council of Knights Kadosh, (of the 30th degree) was organized in Philadelphia by Brethren who had fled thither from the West Indies. This Council soon after became extinct through the return of its founders; and in 1797, a Chapter of Rose Croix (of the 18th degree) was founded in New

York

City.

the 17th of August, 1786, Frederick the Great died and he was succeeded by his sou Frederick William III, who was not a Mason. In France the Rite of Perfection was condensed into seven degrees called the "Rit Moderne" or the "Modern French Rite with the seventh or highest degree, the

On

Rose Croix."

The

condition of France and of French Freemasonry wa* in

constant ebulitioh and trouble; and in the terrible upheaval and Revolution in 1798 of that people, everything civil, judicial, political and Masonic were
in a state of unutterable confusion, conflict

and chaos.

of 1786 however, had been received by the Brethren a Charleston, South Carolina, as well as the rituals of the eight degrees which had been added by the authority of Frederick the Great to the Rite of Perfection,

The Constitutions

now constituted into the "Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite of Freemasonry." But the Rite of Perfection in a mutilated and sickly condition continued to exist in the West Indies where remnants of the Bodies were
Although the Revolutionary

scattered.

War

in

America had been

successful

and

the United States had been established on a sure foundation with a Constitutional

Government, yet it was comparatively in its infancy. In some portions, Freemasonry under different and civil Grand Lodges, the inheritors of their English Grand Lodge progenitors was still unsettled and a hostile feeling manifested for many years. There were two opposing Grand Lodges in South In this state of Carolina, one the "Ancients" and the others the "Moderns."
affairs the

Brethren of the Rite of Perfection in Charleston in that State, fires, and without a Supreme head to their own Rite existing anywhere; and as related by Sir Walter Scott in Quentin Durfound themselves between two

ward, one of the Waverly novels, in the reply

made by Quentin Durward

to

Charles, Duke of Burgundy when he said, "And that, finally, when I did avail myself of that imputed character, it was as if I had snatched up a shield to pro-

32
tect myself in a

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE

moment of emergency and used it, as I surely should have done for the defense of myself and others, without enquiring whether I had a right to the heraldic emblazonments which it displayed."
So

it was with the Brethren at Charleston, they were in possession of the Constitutions of 1786 as well as those of 1762, together with the rituals of the new Rite, formed as the "Ancient and Accepted Scottish Kite," and the

Grand

new
and

Kite and Grand Constitutions of 1786, became their shield of protection

defense,

by their appropriation and adoption, which action no power on arth then existed to dispute their right to them; and the first Parent Supreme Council now existing, which was formed agreeably to the Constitutions of
1786 was that founded at Charleston, South Carolina, on the 31st of May, 1801, by Brothers John Mitchell and Frederick Dalcho, the former a Colonel in the American Army and the latter a Protestant Clergyman and a most distinguished writer.
[It is well to note at this point that

up

to this time, the

Dermott Koyal

Arch Degree had not been severed from the Blue Lodges of the "Ancients" which alone worked it and none of Webb's degrees had then been made by
at Albany, New York, namely the Mark Master, Past Master and the Most Excellent Master, Red Cross, Knights Templar and other degrees, nor had the Mark been carried to England at that time.] The Supreme Council having been established at Charleston as above stated, it was the first Supreme Council of the world and became the mother and grandmother of all other legitimate Councils that were brought into existence, after it was first established and which with itself are the only legal authority of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite in America or elsewhere.

him

In 1802 it conferred the 33d degree on Brothers Count de Grasse Tilley, Hacquet, and de la Hogue; and these Brethren by its authority of Letters Patent dated February 21st, 1802, established the Supreme Councils of France and those of the French and English West India Colonies. The Supreme Council of France was duly installed by 111. de Grasse Tilly, on the 22d of
in the

December 1804, at Paris, in the hall known as the Gallery of Pompeii, situated Rue Neuve des Petits Champs. This Supreme Council was the first and

only one established in France, and it was afterwards divided into two branches, one called the Supreme Council of France and the other the Supreme Council of the Grand Orient of France. These two bodies are still in existence; but the former only is in relations of comity with the Mother Supreme Council,
(which created it,) and all the other regular Supreme Councils of the world. 111. Brother de Grasse Tilly also established the Supreme Councils of Italy. Naples, Spain and the Netherlands.
Article V. of the Grand Constitutions of 1786, provides that there shall only one Supreme Council of the 33d degree in each Nation or Kingdom; iwo in the United States of America, as distant as possible one from the other, one in the British Islands of America and one also in the French Colonies. As already stated, the First Supreme Council which was created under
i>e

those Constitutions was that of Charleston, South Carolina. It began its iabors on the 31st of May, 1801, and its jurisdiction extended over the whole United States of America, until the 5th of August, 1813, when it established

A.

&

A.

S.

RITE OF FKEEMASOXRY.
through
its

33

the "Supreme Council of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Kite of Freemasonry for the Northern Jurisdiction of the United States,"

proxv and representative, Emmanuel de la Motta. This Supreme Council whose M. P. S. Grand Commander was Brother D. D. Vice-PresTompkins,

special

ident of the United States of America, replaced the Grand Consistory of Sublime Princes of the Royal Secret 32d Degree which had been established by the same authority on the 6th of August, 1806. Subsequently in after years the seat of the Northern Supreme Council was removed to Boston. Its
jurisdiction embraces all the Northern or Northeast quarter of the United States east of the Mississippi River (excepting the small eastern fraction of Minnesota,) and embraces the States of Maine, New Hampshire,

Vermont,

Massachusetts,

Rhode

Island, Connecticut,

New

York,

New

Jersey, Pennsyl-

vania, Michigan, Ohio, Indiana, Illinois and Wisconsin. All the rest of the States and Territories were reserved by the Supreme Council for the Southern

Jurisdiction of the United States, which Masonically remained undisturbed and unaffected by the acts of secession of the Southern States, which formed

the Southern Confederacy during the late Civil War.

The Supreme Council for the Northern Jurisdiction of the United States of America, created the Supreme Council of England and Wales in March. 1846, and this Body in its turn created the Supreme Councils of Scotland and of the Canadian Dominion, the Southern Supreme Council creating the Supreme Council
for Ireland.

The
America

labors of the two regular Supreme Councils of the United States of and their subordinates have never been interrupted and from the first

day of their creation, up to this time, both have enjoyed the rights and privileges of Supreme Councils, as the constituent and administrative heads of the Ancient and Accepted Rite, each in its respective jurisdiction and whenever an attempt has been made to invalidate their authority and prerogatives, it has been met with a denunciation of the individuals or bodies encroaching

upon their
Article

Since, therefore, the 5th of August, 1813, the provisions of rights. of the Constitutions of 1786 have been complied with, and there are in the United States of America consequently but two Supreme Councils,

They have ever preserved and enforced

initio et

failed to discountenance all attempts against

their authority, and they have never an authority which rightfully ab

dejure

tt

de facto belongs to them.

for a third

It

was impossible

Supreme Council

to be established in the

United States of America, without violating the Constitution of 1786, without which, as already stated, neither the 33d Degree nor Supreme Council can exist. It was an unwise measure to have established a second Supreme Council in the United States, even though it was permissible by the Constitutions, as subsequent events have proved. It was a strange historic coincidence, that the very year that saw Blue Masonry in England of the two Grand Lodges there consolidated into one, that Scottish Freemasonry in the United

have even amicably divided into two separate organizations, each Supreme Council altering and amending its own Constitutions and Statutes and changing and making alterations of its rituals, destroying the harStates, should

mony and

uniformity of the work.

34

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE

,

But

at that

time there were no railroads or steamboats, and the distances

being so great, difficult modes of conveyance accompanied with great expense and loss of time in travelling to and from the places of meeting and the country again in war with Great Britain was at that time considered a good
excuse for the establishing of a second Supreme Council; and it will be a happy day for the Kite, when both Supreme Councils shall again be consolidated into one "National Supreme Council of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Kite of Freemasonry" for the United States of America, and which
all true lovers

and well wishers of the Kite desire

to see

accomplished as soon

as practicable.

The evil fruits of the division were soon apparent, and both Supreme Councils were soon put on their defense against the invasion of imposters and frauds, which did not effect Scottish Rite Masonry alone, but Grand Lodges of
Blue Masonry, -Grand Koyal Arch Chapters and even Grand Commanderies of Knights Templars, spurious bodies of which were also established as well as of the Scottish Kite by these impostors.

We do not

intend to waste ink, paper and valuable time to trail up all

of the acts of these frauds and their dupes and give a history of the spurious Councils and other bodies created by them; yet it would be unwise not to

acknowledge that they have had an existence and that some still exist to be used as tools by the Jesuits for the purpose of destroying Freemasonry in general, or crippling its efforts to benefit our country and mankind. At this point it may not be out of place to quote from a letter of the late
111. Bro. Dr. Henry Beaumont Leeson, the Sovereign Grand Commander of the Supreme Council of England and Wales and their Dependencies, written at London in 1860 to the Grand Commander of the Southern Supreme Coun-

cil

of the United States.

He

says:

"Our own Council

of

is

now in

a flourishing condition, nearly all of the elite

England being ranged under our banners; and although we .are distinct from Grand Lodge, who acknowledge only the first three degrees and the Royal Arch, and Grand Conclave, governing the Knights Templars. These two last degrees are in this country, perfectly different and distinct from any of the Ancient and Accepted Degrees, and of very modern origin, neither

Masonry

in

Itaving

existed

previous

to

the

middle of the

last

century.

J^

The Knight

Templar Degree was concocted in France

AND

I POSSESS

THE ACTUAL MINUTES

AND OTHER RECORDS OF THE FRENCH CONVENT.

T,he Royal Arch (Dermott's) was concocted by Ramsay, and modernized by a Chaplain (G. Brown) of the late Duke of Sussex." (Grand Master.) It was this spurious French Knight Templar Degree, and different from the Webb Templar Degree, that was not only carried to England and established there, but was also brought to the United States by the French impos-

Joseph Cerneau, who made spurious Templars in New Orleans as well as he did in New York, where he and his co-adjutors also established spurious Bodies of Templars and of the Rite of Perfection with twenty-five degrees, and by the hocus-pocus of jugglery shifted and changed the names of his Bodies from time to time, as suited his pleasure and by mere dicta per se alone, declared himself and his co-adjutors Sovereign Grand Inspectors Generals of
ter,

A.
the 33d degree.

&
A

A.

S.

RITE OF FREEMASONRY.

35

clandestine

equal propriety resolve themselves into a

Lodge of Fellow Craft Masons might with* Grand Lodge of Master Masons,

without ever having even clandestinely been raised to the Sublime Degree of Master Mason at all.
Unfortunately, afterwards, the Northern Supreme Council for a few years was divided into two factions which the impostors took advantage of and one
of these factions compromised with and affiliated some of the dupes of these frauds, and took them in, and when the schism or breach was afterwards
healed, the Northern

Supreme Council

for a time

healthy absorption by an unwise compromise which was intentions for the good of Freemasonry.

was infected with an unmade with the best

Some
Lodge of
of

New York in

of these frauds had been the means of splitting even the Grand twain, and the original chief of them, this French ad-

venturer and impostor had previously represented the spurious Knight Templars New Orleans and the spurious Council of the Rite of Perfection of Louisiana

Grand Encampment of Knights Templar of New York, as we quote from "On the 4th day of May, 1816, a meeting of the Grand Encampment of Knights Templar of New York, was called to act upon an application by a collected body of Sir Knights Templar, Royal Arch Masons, and members of the Sov. Grand Council of Sublime Princes of the Royal Secret for the State of Louisiana, sitting at New Orleans praying that a constitutional charter be granted them, etc. They had previous to this application elected and installed their officers. The charter, by resolution, was granted them, and it was also
in the

the records.

Resolved:

That the

///.

the Louisiana

Encampment

Bro. Joseph Cerneau, having been designated by to be their representive and proxy near this

Grand Encampment, be and is hereby acknowledged and accredited as such. Thus in this manner this spurious French Templar Degree that was carried from France to England, got into the United States, through the back door as it were, at New Orleans, and allied with a spurious Rite and Body and
is

amalgamated with the American Webb Templar Degree at New York and regular Freemasonry within that State becomes inoculated with the poison, which still rankles in the veins of some who are still leprous and beyond the
all the'.r

reach of hope for

often.

recovery, for they have shown themselves

to the priest

too

To suppress the evil it has required the united efforts of all the regular bodies of Freemasonry, Grand Lodges, Grand Chapters and Grand Commandcries of Knights Templars as well as both of the regular and legitimate Snpreme Councils of the United
it is

States, to
all

quarantine

it,

and then destroy

it

it;

but

a leprous cancer

and poisons
f'.s

apply mild remedial applications,

eradicate
it.

who come when only

it.

in contact with

or

who

try to

constant heroic treatment can

There

ft

Jesuit at the root of

Yet

in spite of all of these evils

which have

beset

the Ancient and Ac-

cepted Scottish Rite of Freemasonry, it has made great advance and is prospering; and during the past five years in the Northern Jurisdiction alone, it
increased nearly fifty per cent, in numbers and the returns of the Supreme Council for the Northern Jurisdiction of the United States for September, 1889,
lias

shows the following:

36
$

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE

49
2

Active Members of the Supreme Council Emeriti

Honorary
Total
" " "
" "

477

Members

of the 33d D.'gree

,

"."28

No. of Consistories of the 32d Degree

31
12,150

Members
Chapters of Hose Croix, 18th Degree

48
12,764

" "

Members
Councils of Princes of Jerusalem, 16th Degree

"
" " "

53
13,290

"
" "

Members
Lodges of Perfection, 14th Degree

68
15,378

Members
we may remark that
in spite of persecutions

Parenthetically

and Brethren

being imprisoned for no other reason than that they were Freemasons, yet under the Supreme Council of Colon, Cuba, there are no less than three Consistories of the

of Knights Rose

seven Councils of Kinghts Kadosh 30, thirty-four Chapters Croix 18, thirty-four Councils of Princes of Jerusalem 16 and thirty-four Lodges of Perfection 14 in the Island of Cuba "the Gem of the AnAnd this too where but a few years ago our Brethren were tilles," alone!

32,

butchered and murdered at their

altars.

Southern Jurisdiction and otherwise connected as subordidate to and a Deputy Inspector General at times for a period of nearly a quarter of a century. In the Southern Masonic Jurisdiction, the Kite suffered severely from the misfortunes incident to the late civil war. Its
will

We

now

revert to the

of the United States

Supreme Council with which we have been

for the

officially

treasury was exhausted in Masonic charity, its records and rituals lost and burned in the conflagration of Charleston, (the birthplace and home of our late Brother Mackey, its Secretary General,) and other cities, and at the close of the war but few Bodies had any existence, and the Brethren who had not
died, were scattered

and

left

impoverished, so that

it

seemed almost impossible

to resuscitate the Kite in that portion of its jurisdiction. There is something inexpressibly sad and touching as

we read the records

two meetings of the Supreme Council for the Southern Jurisdiction of the United States held previous to the late civil war and those immediately That of March 28th to 31st of 1860 held at the City of Washington. after it. Of the nine active members who assembled then, only two survive, the present Grand Commander Albert Pike, and the Secretary General Fred Webber. The last act of that session was to pay a pilgrimage to Mt. Vernon, escorted by Washington Commandery of Knights Templar, and hold a Lodge of Sorrow in honor of the memory of George Washington, the Father of his Country, a little more than a year before the flames and explosions of the civil war were to burst forth over the land. The session of April 1st in 1861 was held at New Orleans when twelve of the officers and active members were present, of whom only three are now living, Brothers Pike, Webber, and Batchelder.
of the
last

At the session of February, 1862, at Charleston, only four were present, no business transacted, and all are dead. War was then raging in all its fury,

A.

&

A.

S.

RITE OF FREEMASONRY.

37

and Freemasonry apparently dead, and "silence prevailed in all the valleys," while tears flowed in that dark hour from the eyes of men unused to weep. The Southern Supreme Council did not meet again until after the close of the war, and in the Masonic Hall in Charleston, South Carolina, on November
17th, 1865.

ent

in New Orleans there were no Bodies of the Rite working anywhere. The ravages of war had swept everything away, and all was sadness, sorrow and ruin, and for the moment a feeling of hopeless despair pervaded the breasts of
this half dozen veterans of the Rite.

Only six members were present and all but one of them, the presGrand Commander Albert Pike, have crossed over the river. Excepting

The Northern Supreme Council was then divided in twain and impostors and frauds were like jackals gorging themselves upon the battlefield upon the
"Ardet ut vimt." "She burns that she may live," was once a motto of the old Knights Templars, and the Phoenix was again to rise from the ashes of the funeral pyre. For, with the indomitable energy and zeal of it
bodies of theslain.

Grand Commander, Albert Pike, 33, who had during the two years and a half of the war, been engaged in rewriting and restoring its rituals, whose matchless scholarship in ancient lore and profound knowledge of the Ancient Mysteries and philosophy, aided by that other most illustrious Mason, the Moses and Lawgiver of the Fraternity of Freemasons around the Globe, Albert Gallatin Mackey, 33, the late Dean and Secretary General of the Southern Supreme Council, assembling like Zerubbabel and Haggai with a
Illustrious Sovereign
last

few others

at

struction of the Rite at Charleston, South Carolina,

the ruins of their Temple at Jerusalem, commenced the reconupon the old foundations

which remained undisturbed.

yet their jurisdiction of the
diction

Though the Temple and City were destroyed* Holy Empire remained intact. Without money and means they devoted themselves to the work. That portion of the juris-

which before had been comparatively unoccupied, and happily escaped the ravages of war, and the black cloud of sorrow and desolation which covered the southern and eastern portions of their jurisdiction, still moistened with
blood and wet with the dew of tears of the sorrowing and afflicted, had a silver and even a golden lining when lifted by the fresh breezes from the Pacific shores,

borne across the Sierras' and the Rocky Mountains' hills and valleys of the South.

crest, to

the woe-strickeo

As has already been stated, nearly all the Bodies of the Rite in the Southern Jurisdiction were either dead or dormant, and the work of resuscitation
the midst of

and reconstruction was a most herculean task to attempt or accomplish; and in it there arose opposition and bitter controversy from ignorance and prejudice which continued for many years, until it was happily allayed,

the error acknowledged by those other Brethren who wantonly assailed the Rite, but who afterwards became its most vigorous and ardent defenders. On the Pacific Coast, the late 111. E. H. Shaw, 33, Active Inspector General for California, aided by 111. Thomas H. Caswell, 33, (now also Active Inspector

General for California and Grand Chancellor of the Southern Supreme Council), in 1866 to 1870, established twenty Bodies of the Rite in California
including the Grand Consistory of which the writer became the Grand Registrar and since that time Inspector General Caswell has established one other Body of

38

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE

the Rite in California, besides doing a very large amount of work in advancing the interests of the Rite on the Pacific Coast.

In Oregon, in the same period, 111. John C. Ainsworth, 33, then Active Inspector General of that State, aided by the late E. H. Shaw, 33, established six Bodies of the Rite in that State.

The latter also established four Bodies of the Rite at Virginia City in the State of Nevada, in 1867, and in 1871, one at Salt Lake City, in Utah Territory. The writer as the Deputy of the late E. II. Shaw, 33, constituted one
Body at Hamilton, White Pine County, Nevada, in 1871, and as the Deputy of Thomas II. Caswell, 33, one body at Eureka. California, in 1871. As the Deputy of the Southern Supreme Council in 1872 he established fifteen Bodies of the Rite on Puget Sound in the then Territory but now State
III.

of Washington. In 1874 and 1875 he assisted in the organization of the two Bodies of the Rite, one above the other at Carson City, Nevada, and was installed

Master of both.

In October, 1883, he assisted in organizing three Bodies of the Rite IB Oakland, California, of which he became a Charter member and the Commander of the Council of Kadosh of which Bodies he is still a member and an officer in

W. Master of the Chapter of Rose Croix. (The Grand Commander having conferred the degrees upon a class of twelve members previously, who formed about one third of the charter memeach, being at present the

bers

when
111.

constituted).

Charles F. Brown, 33, having for many years rendered most efficient service to the Rite by untiring zeal, devotion and perseverance, and worked his
the onerous position of Muster of Ceremonies of the Lodge of Perfection to that of Venerable Master of the same, and through the Oriental chairs of the various other Bodies, to the office of Venerable Grand Master of

way up from

zeal,

the Grand Consistory of California, which he honored by his efficiency and was at last rewarded by being elected and crowned as an Active Member

for the State of California, in the Southern

Supreme

Council.

his Deputy, the writer, in the year 1385, constituted four Bodies of the Rite in California and as the Deputy and Grand Lecturer of the Grand Con^

As

sistory (of whicli he is still an officer) he visited and instructed the various Bodies of the Rite in the interior and on the borders of the State of California.

twenty-two years the writer has been a charter member than nine Bodies of the Rite, a member and officer of four others and as a Deputy has constituted twenty-one other Bodies of the Rite in California, Nevada and the State of Washington, making thirty-five Bodies in all
last

During the

and

officer of

no

less

consisting of one Grand Consistory 32, one Subordinate Consistory 32, six Councils of Kadosh 30, nine Chapters of Rose Croix 18, six Councils of Princes

of Jerusalem 16, and twelve Lodges of Perfection 14, with which as a member and an officer he has been identified, while he bus participated in the initiation
of

many hundreds of Master Masons into the Rite, upon a large proportion of which he has himself officially conferred all the degrees from the 4th to the 32nd inclusive. As a recognition of the long sixteen years of service previously rendered to the Rite, the Southern Supreme Council by unanimous vote at its session in October, 1884, elected him a Knight Commander of the

A.

&

A.

S.

KITE OF FREEMASONRY.

39

Court of Honor and

him.

to receive the Thirty-third

Degree as an honorarium, and

an Honorary Member of

that

Supreme Council, which was duly conferred upon

At the time of the Triennial Conclave of the National Grand Encampment of Knights Templars of the United States, held in San Francisco in August, 1883, the Grand Consistory of California welcomed and entertained at their parlors in the Palace Hotel, no less than 480 Scottish Rite Brethren of the 32nd degree, visitors to the Pacific Coast borne upon its register, while the utmost spirit of courtesy and fraternity prevailed; and delegations from California Commandery, No. 1, and Golden Gate Commander}', No. 16, of Knight Templar visited the Scottish Rite headquarters, which were returned by the Grand Consistory in full uniform, accompanied by the 2d Regiment Band.
There is no ground or cause for envy, jealousy or conflict existing between the two Rites, and only the ignorant, narrow-minded and bigoted, who are incapable of receiving more light, whose capacity is already filled, and they can hold no more, are like lamps filled with wicking, with but a small space for
oil,

give but

little light,

soon burn out, and end in darkness and smoke.

of the Southern Jurisdiction has

The Supreme Council

now removed

it*

It owns its own headquarters to Washington City, District of Columbia. asylum, which belongs to all the members of the Rite alike, in its jurisdiction,

and where

its

business

held with every Mason,

may be transacted, and official and fraternal intercourse who will always find a cordial welcome under its roof
and steadily increasing, with nearly two hunits

Its constituency is constantly

dred regularly organized bodies of the Rite over

widely extended territory,

and nearly approaching in number of members that of its more prosperous Sistr Council of the Northern Jurisdiction, which did not suffer by calamities
of war.

H. Shaw, 33, Thomas H. Caswell, 33, Charles F. To the late 111. Brown, 33, Active Inspectors General for California, Theodore H. Goodman; J. 33, and others of Hobe, 33, Stephen Wing, 32, George California; 111. John C. Ainsworth, 33, John McCracken, 33, Rockey P. Earhart, 33, Active Inspectors General, and Irving W. Pratt, 33, and Christtopher Taylor, 33, Honorable Inspectors General and others for the State of Orthe State of egon, and 111. James S. Lawson, 33, Active Inspector General for of that "Washington (now of California), James G. Hayden, 33, and others Pacific Coast, whose State, is the Rite mainly indebted for its success on the
influence

and power

performed.

own, and its seeking for knowledge

daHy being augumented, and its mission being steadily no degrees but what are strictly and legitimately its doors are open to every worthy intelligent Master Mason, who is and light, and who is willing to use the sword when
is

It confers

f of the temple of civil and necessary in the defense o the trowel in the building where the principles of Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity religious freedom, are inculated, and where the loftiest truths of science and philosophy are and politics without party, taught, and the religion of humanity without creed, are most studiously cultivated. A ladder like that in Jacob's dream, where the Christian, the Jew, the Mohammedan, the Brahmin, and even a Buddhist brother climb to its summit and view the Infinite, and hold communion

may

40
with the All Father

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE

if he so desires, without encroaching upon the rights and privileges of his brother Mason. It is this spirit of toleration which the Rite inculcates, and like the bee gathers honey from every flower for the common hive, yet carries a weapon to

defend

itself

when

attacked in

its

course by the oppressor, the thief, and the

robber in every land.

The illustrious names of Parvin, Tucker, Jordan, Teller, Carr, Browne, Batchelor and others, shine brightly over the plains east of the Rocky Mountains, from British America to Mexico, from the Ohio River to the Gulf and
from the majestic Mississippi
to the storm-beaten shores of the Atlantic;

while

the index finger of Liberty from the dome of the Capitol of the Nation beckons the members of our Supreme Council to assemble, and beneath the shadow of the
loftiest monument ever erected to the memory of man, the "Father of His Country" and the "Father of American Freemasonry, our own beloved Washington, who received the gift of his sword from Frederick the Great,whogave us ou r Grand Constitutions, of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite, and in whose

honor the
diction.

city of Fredericksburg, Virginia,

was named, and in our own juris-

Of the legitimate Supreme Councils duly recognized by each other around the globe entitled to fraternal recognition, are the following: ..Constituted May 31, Southern Jurisdiction. U. S. A 1801
*France (Supreme Council) Northern Jurisdiction, U. Si
"

Sept. 22,

1804
1813
1817

"
" " "

Aug.

5,

Belgium
Ireland
Brazil

March
June
April

11,

11,
6, 2,

1825

1826

Peru

" "

Nov.

1830
1833
1846 1846 1856

New Grenada
England, Wales and Dependencies Scotland

" "
"

March

Uruguay
Argentine Republic
Turin, of Italy

"

Sept. 13,
" " "

1858 1848
1855

Colon (Cuba) Venezuela

1864

Mexico
Portugal
Chili Central

" "
'

Apr.

28,

1868

1842

America

'

May May

24, 27,

'

Hungary
Greece
Switzerland
' '

Nov. 25, June 24, March 30,

October, Jan. 14,

Canada Rome, of Italy Egypt

Spain Tunis

'
.' ,

1862 1870 1871 1872 1873 1874 1877

1879 1880

" "

May

11,

Canada
*The Grand Orient of France body of the United Slates.
is

not in fraternal

communion with any Masonic

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RITE OF FREEMASONRY.

41

The following Supreme Councils have been formed, but have not received formal recognition and the court -ey of an exchange of representation: Naples of Italy, Dominican Republic, Turkey, Palermo of Italy, Florence of Italy, and
Luxemburg.

To

several of these

Supreme Councils the Grand Lodges of the maritime

States of the Atlantic and Pacific Coasts appoint representatives to and receive representatives from, they being also Grand Lodges and governing the blue

But in the United States, England, Scotland and Ireland, the governdegrees. ment of the symbolic Lodges and the control of the blue degrees are relinquished

Grand Lodges of their several jurisdictions. But to receive the degrees of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite in the United States, // is only necessary to be a Master Mason in good standing, and the degrees of the Scottish Rite commence from that of Master Mason, and are regularly conferred in legally constituted bodies of the Rite, at or in
to the

the vicinity of the applicant's residence, if there be any; or they are conferred by communication by Active Inspectors General of the 33d degree of the Rite, or by their duly appointed Deputies, who are authorized to communicate them

and create members

into bodies

at large, as nuclei for others to be afterward constituted

when there

are a sufficient number, the fees received being paid into

the Charity fund, after deducting the necessary expenses of the

cil.

Supreme Coun-

While it may be considered a large number of degrees, yet the lessons and catechism to be learned are very short, not averaging over five questions and answers to a degree, in order to be perfect. Yet the patent, or diploma, will at. all times admit the lawful possessor to any body of the Rite which he is entitled
to visit

by virtue of the rank of the degree

to

which he has

attained.

following is the scale. of degrees of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish The Ineffable Degrees pettain to King Bite, and are designated as follows.

The

Solomon's Temple only.

The Ineffable Degrees conferred 4, Secret Master, 5, Perfect Master, 6, Intimate Secretary,

in a

Lodge of Perfection

are:

7. Provost and Judge, 8, Intendant of the Building, 9, Knight Elect of the Nine, 10, Illustrious Elect of the Fifteen, 1 1, Sublime Knight Elect of the Twelve, 12, Grand Master Architect, 18, Royal Arch of Solomon, 14, Grand Elect Perfect and Sublime Mason,
AY Inch have sole reference to all the events in detail, in regular order in connection with the completion and dedication of King Solomon's Temple, and which may be classified as follows: The 4th and .">th have relation to the proper tribute due to the memory of the third Grand Master of the TemTheV.tii. Ttii and 8th, to supplying the place made vacant by the death
ple.

of the Architect

<>f

the Temple, in keeping the record of the plans agreed

42

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE

upon by the two kings, the adjustments of the accounts and demands of the workmen, the settlement of disputes, and the resumption of work upon the
Temple.

The

tires or sleeps.

9th and 10th to the faithful administration of justice, which never The llth, the rewardingof the faithful and true for bringing

offenders to justice, and the regulation of the equitable collection of the rev-

enues of the realm. The 12th, the science of architecture, the use of all the instruments and their morals, and the science of astronomy, with geometry and the lofty lessons to be learned in the study of the starry heavens above us.

which have been lost, but unknown and the 14th, the preparation of the mind, heart and body by consecration to the service of true Freemasonry, and to receive, with the fullest and most ample explanations, the great treasure and reward on the competion of the Temple, which is delivered by the two kings to the patient, discreet, and faithful workman, which will enable him in all his journeys through life to be welcomed and received as a true brother, earn his wages and the bread for himself and his family, and to contribute to the relief of his

The

13th, the fortunate discovery of that

to the discoverers;

fellows.

NOTE. From the Sixth Degree and a portion of the history of the Fourteenth Degree, the Degree of Select Master was made. And from the Thirteenth and Fifteenth Degrees, with a change of history, applied to the second Temple under Zerubbabel,left unfinished, Lawrence Dermott made his Royal Arch when he split the Grand Lodge of England in twain, in 1739, and added to by Dunckerly, when he dismembered the Master Masons Degree and cutting off the True Word and attaching it to the Royal Arch, and remodeled by Webb, is the Royal Arch Degree of the American Rite as practiced in the United States as heretofore stated.

SECOND TEMPLE DEGREES.

The
following are the Second Temple Series: 15, Knight of the East, of the Sword or of the Eagle. 16, Prince of Jerusalem.

These two degrees are founded upon the history of the two reigns of the Persian monarchs, Cyrus and Darius, the destruction of the Temple of Solomon by ISebuzuradan, the captivity of the Jews, who were carried away into
Babylon, the decrees of these two kings permitting the rebuilding of the Temple by Zerubbabel and the restoration of the holy vessels, and the release of the Jews from captivity, with the hindrances and opposition from the Samaritans, all serving to symbolize the destruction of the Order of the Temple which was ruined, scattered and proscribed, and of a country which has once
lost its liberties,

and the

difficulty of

regaining them, teaching to Freemasons,

as brethren, the lessons of patience and perseverance under affliction and in their efforts to regain that which, through trials, and never to despair

treachery, persecution, oppression and robbery, whether of liberty or possessions, they, like the old Knights Templars, may have lost. NOTE. These two degrees were taken bodily by Webb, from the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite, telescoped or consolidated by him and called the "Red Cross Degree" and placed by him in the American Commanderies of Knights Templar, without leave or license. They are entirely Jewish and Persian in history and drama and the events occurred 563 years before the Crucifixion of Christ, as already stated.

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43

KMGHT OF THE

EAST.

Fifteenth Degree of the Ancient and Ac-

Knight of Mackey's Enc.] KNIGHT OF THE EED CROSS. "Webb, or whoever else introduced it into the American system, undoubtedly took it from the Sixteenth Degree or Prince of Jerusalem of the Ancient and Accepted Rite.
It has within a few years, been carried into

cepted Scottisli Rite. It is also substantially the Tenth Degree or the Red Cross of the American Rite. [Page 415,

England under the

it

"Red Cross

of Babylon." In tic Masonry. It is there as

New Brunswick it has been

much
out of place as

title of the connected with Crypis in aCommandery of

Knights Templars."

[Page 418, Mackey's Enc.]

BABYLONISH PASS. A degree given in Scotland by the authority of the Grand Royal Arch Chapter. It is also called the Red Cross of Babylon and is almost identical with the Knight of the Red Cross conferred in Commanderies of

Knights Templar as a preparatery degree. [Page 99, Mackey's Enc.] EMBASSY. The embassy of Zerubbabel and four other Jewish chiefs to the court of Darius to obtain the protection of that monarch from the 'en-

croachments of the Samaritans, who interrupted the labors in the reconstruction of the Temple, constitutes the legend of the Sixteenth Degree of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite, and also of the Red Cross degree of the

American

Rite,

which

is

surely borrowed

from

the former.

[Page 250,

Mackey's Enc.]

THE SPIRITUAL TEMPLE DEGREES.

17, Knight of the East and West. 18, Knight Rose Croix (or of the Rosy Cross.) The 15 and 16 embraced in the Council of Jerusalem are now, with the 17 and 18, conferred in the Southern Jurisdiction, in the Chapters of Rose
Croix.

St.

The 17 of Knight of the East and West portrays the history and life of John the Baptist and his sad fate like that of the Master Builder of Solo-

tegrity and truth;

mon's Temple, who fell a victim and a Martyr to the principles of virtue, inand also the history and teachings of St. John the Evangelist, the Beloved Disciple who, in his gospel, declared that "in the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God and the Word was GOD," and whose rapturous vision of the New Jerusalem on the Isle of Patmos, in which he was told to "weep not, behold the Lion of the tribe of Judah, the Root of David hath prevailed," made him the Knight of the West to proclaim the truth in revelation as John the Baptist had been the Knight and Herald of
the East, at the head of the Order of the Essenes, to declare the approach of "One that cometh after him, and who is preferred before him."

The 18,
al

his race and to be the

or Rose Croix, portrays the history of him Reformer and Redeemer of Men.

who came to elevate One whom all liber-

minded men, regardless of creed, will readily admit was unjustly and inhumanly put to death, as a victim to satisfy the clamors of a fanatical mob,
at the instigation of a hierarchy that

was

false to its race,

and content

to will-

ingly serve under the foreign yoke of a conqueror, to pay tribute to its power, that priestly authority might control the destiny of its own people whom it

44

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE

was willing should be kept in subjection that they might, with a rod of iron, rule over the hearts and consciences of men. A hierarchy that finds to-day its counterpart at the Vatican in Rome. In the 18 no violence is done to any man's religious faith, while the Christian may draw its lessons more closely to heart than others; yet the grand principles of Toleration, Humanity and Fraternity are taught, in which all good men may recognize Christ as a Most Wise Master Builder, and one endeared to us as "our elder Brother," who has taught us to say "Our Father which art in Heaven," and to "Do unto others as we would have them do unto us." NOTE. From the Rose Croix Degree, Webb made his Kuight Templar Degree
in part.

THE HISTORIC, PHILOSOPHIC AND CHIVALRIC DEGREES.

19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30.

Grand Pontiff'. Grand Master of

all Symbolic Lodges. Noachite or Prussian Knight. Prince of Libanus, or Knight of the Royal Axe.

Chief of the Tabernacle.

Prince of the Tabernacle.

Knight of the Brazen Serpent.

Prince of Mercy.

Knight Commander of the Temple. Knight of the Sun, or Prince Adept. Grand Scottish Knight of St. Andrevr
Knight Kadosh, or of the Temple.
relates

The 19th degree

to

the Apocalyptic Vision of

St.

John the

'Evangelist, and the hoped-for milleniiitn, when there shall be a perfect union of mankind under the perfect sway of Toleration and Charity.

The 20th degree teaches Veneration for the Deity, Knowledge, Science and Philosophy, inculcates Charity, Generosity, Heroism, Honor, Patriotism, Justice, Toleration and Truth.

The 21st degree portrays the history of the Knights Crusaders, who returned to Europe from the wars in the Holy Land, to find themselves and their kindred stripped of their properties by the rapacity and canning frauds of the Monks, and the recovery of their lands, and the punishment meted out
to those cowled thieves and robbers

who plundered

the estates of the living

and dead, and the absent defenders of the Faith in Palestine, and turned old men, women and children out upon the highways to starve and perish by the
roadside.

The 22d degree

relates to the

tion of the timbers and

work upon Mt. Lebanon, and the preparawoodwork for the Temple; the dignity of labor, and

that in Freemasonry rank and nobility go for naught, and that he not work among his fellows in the Craft, shall not eat.

who

will

The 23d and

24th degrees relate to the history of the formulation of the

ceremonies of the Jewish religion, in the setting up of the Tabernacle in the Wilderness, and the doctrines and laws given by Moses, who was well versed in all the knowledge of the Egyptians.

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RITE OF FREEMASONRY.

45

were bitten by

25th degree portrays the sufferings of the Children of Israel, who fiery serpents in the Wilderness, and the raising up of the

brazen serpent by Moses, that those who looked upon it might live, in which the profoundest doctrines are taught of life and death, and to lead men away from their evil passions and to look for help and relief from above.

26th degree particularly treats of mercy, charity and loving kindand that men are not to be persecuted and tortured on account of different creeds or faiths, all of which is exemplified by recounting
ness, of toleration,

The

the sufferings and woes inflicted for religious differences of opinion in the ages that are past.

The 27th degree relates to the Crusades under Henry VI, of Germany, son of Frederic Barbarosa, aided by all the knighthood and chivalry of Europe, joined by Philip Augustus of France, and Richard Coeur de Lion of
England, which went to the Holy Land in 1191, and became the Teutonic branch of the Order of the Temple, and known as the Knights of St. Mary, where they established a Hospital on Mount Sion, for the reception of pilgrims.

The lessons taught to fight for the glory of Masonry, to uphold its banners and vindicate its principles; to love, revere and preserve liberty and
and
to favor, sustain

justice;

and defend the oppressed, without neglecting the

sacred duties of hospitality.

The 28th degree treats of science and philosophy, and inculcates the full exercise of intelligent reason and faith in the reading of the Book of Nature, with a well grounded trust in the wisdom and mercy of the Creator.
The
29th degree portrays the history and valor of the Scottish Branch of

Knights Templar, or Grand Scottish Knight of St. Andrew; the inculcations of a spirit of humility, patience and self-denial, with charity, clemency and generosity based upon virtue, truth and honor, and to resist all oppression, whether it proceed from temporal or spiritual authority, and to recover that which was lost through persecutions, robbery and death, inflicted by those powers which destroyed the Order of the Temple and plundered it of its lawful possessions, giving a portion as a reward to their enemies, the Knights of
St.

John of Jerusalem, now known

as the

Knights of Malta.

30th degree relates to the history of the Order of the Temple, their woes, sufferings, banishment, destruction and death, and bears the same relation to the Knight Kadosh, that the 3d degree does to Master Masons, or the 18th degree to Knights Rose Croix, with this difference, that it is vastly more profound in its depth of meaning, and more determined in its aims and objects. It is the areopagusand citadel of Freemasonry. It neither attacks or defends any man's creed or religious faith, but it maintains the rights of conscience, freeedom of speech, and free government. The horrors of the past, committed by crowned and mitred tyrants, crushing out the souls of men and trampling liberty in the dust, are neither forgotten or forgiven, so long as oppression and

The

wrong from temporal and

eons of men.

spiritual despots are permitted to exist and curse the Liberty, Equality and Fraternity are its cardinal tenets, with the warning ever in view, that "Eternal vigilance, education and enlightenment are the life and guarantees of liberty."

46

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE

NOTE. The soth Degree or Knight Kadosh, [Kadosh Kadoshim, the Sanctum Sanctorum or Holy of Holies of the Temple] is the real Knights Templars' Degree which in 110 wise resembles the American-Webb-Templar, or the spurious French Jesuit or Cerneau Templar Degrees, in ceremony, ritual, teachings or dress. As no one under the inflexible rule of the REAL ORDER OF THE TEMPLE or "Poor Fellow Soldiers of King Solomon's Temple or of Jesus Christ," could be admitted and created a Knight Templar unless he was of noble blood, the remnant of Knights Templars after the Battle of Bannockburn in Scotland, June 24th, 1314, and after having been created by Bruce, Knights of the Rosy Cross and Knights Grand Crosses of St. Andrew of Scotland, they created the Order of Knights Kadosh, to be composed of themselves and those they saw proper to admit to their fellowship and confidence, after having tested their patience, fidelity and courage. And as they could no longer be known as Knights Templars, they chose the name of Kadosh, the better to conceal their identity for personal safety; and they also assumed the name of Knights of the Black and White Eagle, the black and white having reference to the colors of the pavement of King Solomon's Temple, and of their lost Beauseaut, while the IJagle was the symbol of liberty, as in the same manner the guild of Operative Freemasonry, adopted or accepted as Brothers and Fellows, those admitted of the speculative and philosophic Freemasonry.
It is greatly to be regretted that their true name of Knights Templars should have been dropped; but being sensitive and proud of their blood audachievem 'ts and history, they preferred to let the true name or title go down in honor and to be ob" scuredby the adoption of a new one, Knight Kadosh, not dreamingthat other persons of another age and another land across the Atlantic, not then discovered, should presume to take their names, titles and consolidate them with those of their enemies, the Knights of Malta, unwarrantedly use emasculated portions of their work, and ignorantly but innocently flaunt their insignia and banners before the world, without lineage of blood or lawful inheritance of their ancient rights, honors and privileges, and without carrying out the objects and purposesof the Old and True Knights Tern. plars, as faithfully delineated by their true successors, the Knights Kadosh, in the degrees of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite of Freemasony by its regular and legally constituted authorities. Happily, however, the error is being rapidly corrected by the swelling of the ranks of the Scottish Rite, by those who have also received the Webb and Cross System of degrees, more appropriately denominated by our late and lamented Brother, Albert G. Mackey, 33, as the "American Rite," who rose to the highest distinction in both Rites. As Napoleon once said, "If you prick a Russian, you bleed a Tartar," so it may be said with nearly equal truth, if one should happen to prick an intelligent Knight Templar of the American Rite, who has attained any distinction at all, he would find that he was drawing the blood of a Rose Croix Knight, or of a Knight Kadosh of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite of Freemasonry, the Parent of all true Masonic Knighthood, Philosophy and Chivalry.

In connection with this subject, the writer disclaims any hostility to a Rite long established, with which he himself is connected and when it is too late to remedy the original wrong or correct the error; but he believes in the motto, "Magna est Veritas et prevalebit" and that in writing the history of Freemasonry impartially and un-

NOTHING BUT biased, that "the truth, THE WHOLE TRUTH, should be stated, clear from the fountain head; "nothing extenuated down in malice."

AND

THE TRUTH,"
and naught
set

Compensation is being made by the manly, chivalric and Masonic support being given by the Grand Lodges, Grand Royal Arch Chapters and Grand Commanderies of American Knights Templars, in recognizing the legality and regularity of both the Southern and Northern Supreme Councils of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite of Freemasonry, which so far as they are concerned at the present day, is ample atonement for the infringement and wrongs perpetrated nearly a century ago by Webb, Cross and their coadjutors, for which their ignorant and innocent successors are in no wise to be held responsible.

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CONSISTORIAL AND JUDICIAL DEGREES.

31, Grand Inspector Inquisitor Commander. 32, Master of the Kadosh, or Prince of the Royal Secret. The 31st degree is the highest judicial degree and Supreme Court, speak, of the Rite, in which all appeals are heard, and the trials of all

so to
cases

above the rank of the 30th degree. The lessons taught are of the highest order of justice, in which the examples of Moses and the principal law givers
of the ancient nations are represented and cited, and it is the most august tribunal held in Freemasonry, to teach the loftiest principles of Truth, Equity

and

Justice.

The 32d degree

teaches the ancient truths and philosophy of our

Aryan

ancestors as they have come down to us drained through the Alexandrian school of science, and the Zoroastrian doctrines; the fundamental* principles of the Mosaic and Christian dispensations, the resurrection of the body and

the immortality of the soul, with all the symbolism of our ancient brethren left as monuments to guide us in our investigation and search after truth.

The plan of battle to resist the encroachments and attacks of our enemies, with the entire body of Freemasonry in all of its divisions united as a whole, by means of its symbolic geometric formation and combinations of its mysterious numbers.

NOTE. In the jurisdiction of the Northern Supreme Council, the Council or Preceptory of the Knights Kadosh is within the bosom of the Consistory, while in that of the Southern they are separate. The rituals of the degrees differ materially in their drama and while that of the Northern Jurisdiction applies more direct to the scenes and history of the Crusades, requiring the skill of the athlete and adroit to delineate the drama represented, those of the Southern Jurisdiction are more intellectual, historic and philosophical, which do not require the experts of a gymnasium to represent its physical development to the sacrifice of the intellectual. The Rite, in the latter iurisdiction has a higher culture for its initiates and seeks rather to instruct, than to astonish and amuse. But the refined scholar as well as the most robust and athletic gymnast, can find sufficient food in both jurisdictions for thought, as well as to enlarge the porosity of his cuticle in sudorific physical exercise; but he will find a wider sphere for his development in the Camp of the Saracens, in paying his physical devotions to tht Deity of the Mystic Shrine, which is in no wise Masonic in any sense, but an acrobatic descent from the sublime to the ridiculous, and instead of the war-horse of the Crusader, the bareback of the bucking wild ass of the desert forms the inverted crescent to bestride
instead of the steed of Richard of the Lion Heart. In the Northern Jurisdiction, Councils of Deliberation are held in each State of the bodies from the I4th to the 326 degree inclusive, presided over by a Deputy for the State, in which all local legislation is presented and acted upon, to be afterwards, approved, annulled or amended by the Supreme Council. In some of the States of the Southern Jurisdiction and Japan, there are Grand Consistories which govern the Bodies the of Rite in their respective states, limited In other O nlv by the Grand Constitutions and the Statutes of the Supreme Council. states the highest bodies are particular Consistories, with no power of government
all

over any other Bodies of the Rite below themselves.

THE GOVERNING DEGREE.

33, Grand Master of the Kadosh or Sovereign Grand Inspector General. The 33d degree is conferred in the Supreme Council of the Rite, which is the governing body over all. which prescribes its law? and statutes for the

48

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE

members

various divisions into which the organized bodies are divided. The active are limited to thirty-three, including the officers, who for their re-

spective States are relatively the Grand Masters of the Kite. Honorary Inspectors General, are those who are elevated to the degree, but have no other powers than those specifically delegated to them, or they are appointed as

Special Deputies to propagate the Kite by communicating the degrees and the establishing of bodies. In all other respects they are like delegates in Congress, with the right to a voice, but not to a vote.

In the Southern Supreme Council the Statutes limit the number of Active In the Northern Supreme of the 33d Degree to 33 and no more. Council to just double the number or 86.

Members

In the Southern Supreme Council there

is

what may be

called the Vesti-

bule to the Thirty-third Degree, called the "Court of Honor," which is composed of two grades or ranks and each Active and Emeritius Member of the

Supreme Council \sex-officio, a memberof both grades. The firstgradeis that of Knight Commander, which is conferred for general meritorious services supposed to have been rendered to the Rite, and is conferred upon Brethren of the 32d Degree, upon the recommendation of the Grand Consistories or by the Active Inspectors Generals of their respective States. The second or highest grade is that of Knight Grand Cross which, with the jewel, is conferred
for extraordinary service and merit in the Both of the grades of honor are reserved and cannot be conferred upon any person who may ask for them. When conferred, it is an act of gratuity and appreciation for service rendered. It is necessary to have the rank of Knight Commander of the Court of Honor, in order to be eligible to receive the Thirty-third Degree. In the Southern Supreme Council there are 29 Active Members, with four There are nine Emeriti or Retired Active Members, and vacancies to fill. 205 Honorary Members, making in all 243 Members of the 33d Degree. The number of Knights Grand Crosses is 75, and Knights Commanders of the Court of Honor of 32d degree is 205. There are under the jurisdiction of the Southern Supreme Council four Grand Consistories of the 32d degree, one each in Louisiana, Kentucky, California and the Empire of Japan. There are also 13 Particular or Subordinate Consistories throughout the Jurisdiction, including one at Honolulu in

upon Brethren of the 32d degree

Rite.

the Hawaiian Islands.

There are 28 Councils of Kadosh of the 30th degree.

Of

Chapters of Rose Croix, of the 18th degree 47, and of Lodges of Perfection of the 14th degree 81. As the territory of the Supreme Council of the Southern Jurisdiction covers so vast an extent, and some of the Bodies of the Rite, are too remote for

Brethren Master Masons who may desire to receive the degrees without travelling great distances and at enormous expense the Active or Deputy Inspector Generals are authorized by the Statutes, to confer the degrees by communication, and place them on the Subordinate Roll of the Supreme Council as Mem/

ber s-at-large, with the direction at the

first

favorable opportunity,

when

after-

wards residing in the vicinity of regular subordinate Bodies of the Rite, they must make application for affiliation therewith. It is fair to presume that ten

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RITE OF FREEMASONRY.
Body

49

per cent, of the membership of the Rite in the Southern Jurisdiction are members-at-large, and as the Rite is a Propaganda within the of Free-

masonry, this is permissible as well as obligatory, upon all Active and Deputj Inspectors Generals and Bodies of the Rite, but no person not already a Master Mason and in good standing can be admitted to "THE ROYAL AND MILI-

TARY ORDER OF THE HOUSE OF THE TEMPLE," which is the true "ANCIENT AND ACCEPTED SCOTTISH RlTE OF FREEMASONRY.

title

of the

The above concludes all the information that is permitted to be given concerning the Rite which, for the beauty of its ritual, the splendor of its
drama, profundity of
the promulgation of
its its

philosophy and
principles,

ethics, the activity

put in force in

which have now spread over the whole earth, its perfectness of system, the high character of its membership, which embraces liberal kings on their thrones, the nobility and best scholars of Europe and America, the elite of the Fraternity around the globe, with whom the most modest but intelligent Master Mason may find companionship, receive and impart instruction and feel at home, to whom its doors are open, and whose way up its staircase leading to science and philosophy, to its halls where Gallileo, Copernicus and Kepler would have delighted to tread, and, like Humboldt, find a place for rest and repose, without the shadow of a familiar of the Inquisition to darken the entrancesor summon to trial in the torture chambers, where the body is made to suffer for the of the

breathing

thoughts that are generated by the aspirations of the soul.

but proper to reiterate that the Scottish Rite which in the past five years and continually increasing, confers no degrees but its own, and has no conflict with any legitimate bodies of any other Rite of Freemasonry to which so many of its members belong. It comit is

In conclusion,
its

has doubled

numbers

mends

itself to the thoughtful Masonic student as worthy of his study and research in which he will find the truth, and the reward for the time expended in his investigations, that of the Philosopher's Stone.

NOTE: By way of explanation it may be stated, perhaps, as one of the reasons for the slight difference of the manner of the working of the degrees of the Rituals of the Rite between the Southern and Northern Jurisdictions, and changes which had to be necessarily made, the late 111. Brother Azariah T. C. Pierson, 33, Active Inspector General for the State of Minnesota, in the Southern Jurisdiction, shortly before his decease, in November, 1889, informed the writer "that the late Masonic firm of Macoy and Sickles, of New York City, both of whom are 33, and belong to the Northern Supreme Council, printed the rituals for the Supreme Council of the Southern Jurisdiction as well, but who unfortunately failed in business, and that the stereotype plates which belonged to either or both regular Supreme Councils, were surreptitiously seized upon and taken by persons connected wth theCerneaufraud, who claimed that they had bought them with the rest of the property of Macoy and Sickles, which was sold for the benefit of their creditors; and that it was with these stereotype plates of the rituals thus surreptitiously obtained that the fraudulent Cerneau Supreme Council was thus enabled to improve its own meagre skeleton, and give its subordinate bodies a semblance of the true work conferred under the authority of the regular Supreme Councils, which for self-protection against impostors and clandestine Scottish Rite Masons, had to call in all the rituals then out, and to issue new ones in lieu thereof." If such be the case, and believing it to be true, it will account for the ease and facility of making dupes by the impostors by presenting to them a counterfeit coin containing so large a percentage of the true metal in its manufacture, and the great difficulty of convincing Brethren

50

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE

not belonging to the lawful and legitimate jurisdictions, of the Cerneau impostures as being frauds and their victims who could not believe themselves to be swindled or that they had been clandestinely made. Fortunately the evil is fast being overcome, and the true and legal authorities of the Rite sustaining' themselves with the moral support of all other regular Hodies of

Freemasonry throughout the world.

The

Freemasonry

foregoing completes the labors of the writer in the true history of in general, and of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Kite in

particular, briefly but carefully presented.

Fraternally Yours,

EDWIN
Hon.
Insp. Gen.

A.

SHERMAN,

33,

Deputy and Grand Lecturer of the Grand Consistory of California. Hon. Mem. of the Southern Supreme. Council, Secretary of the Masonic Veteran Association of

and the

late Special

the Pacific Coast,

etc., etc., etc.

OAKLAND,

CAL., June

1st,

1890.

TABLEAUX OF OFFICERS AND ACTIVE MEMBERS

OF THE

Supreme Council
of the

of the

Southern jurisdiction

l/nited States,

Register of Subordinate Bodies, Supreme Council of the jj, A. A. S. Rite of Freemasonry, Southern Jurisdiction, U. S., 1890.

&

Tableau of the Supreme Council of Sovereign Grand InspectorsGeneral, 33, for the Northern Masonic Jurisdiction of the United States.

Grand

the

Bodies, Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite, Recognized by Supreme Councils, 33, of the Southern and Northern Jurisdictions of the U. S.

Roll of Officers and Members of the Masonic Vein an Association of the Pacific Coast, Etc., Etc., Etc.

TABLEAUX OF OFFICERS AND ACTIVE MEMBERS

OF THE

Supreme Council
of the

for

the

Southern jurisdiction

United States,

(Officer*.

Grand Commander ALBERT PIKE Washington Lieut. Grand Commandfr..]AUHS CUNNINGHAM BATCHELOR

City,

I}.

C.

New
Grand Prior Grand Chancellor
PHILIP CROSBY TUCKER

Orleans, La. Galveston, Texas

THOMAS HUBBARD CASWELL

San Francisco, Cal.

Grand Minister of State... ERASMUS THEODORE CARR

Leavenworth, Kan.
Secretary General

Treasurer General

Grand Almoner Grand Auditor Second Grand Auditor

FREDERICK WEBBER. ..Washington City, D. C. " " " " JOHN MILLS BROWNE.. ROBERT CARREL JORDAN... Omaha, Nebraska SAMUEL MANNING TODD....NCW Orleans, La. WILLIAM OSCAR ROOME, (33 Hon.)
Washington
City, D. CX

Grand Constable Grand Chamberlain First Grand Equerry

ODELL SQUIRE LONG Wheeling, W. Va, MARTIN COLLINS St. Louis, Mo. JOHN QUINCY ADAMS FELLOWS

New

Orleans, La.

Second Grand Equerry.....JAMES RUDOLPH HAYDEN Seattle, Wash Grand Standard .#<rar<T...BuREN ROBINSON SHERMAN. ..Waterloo, Iowa Grand Sword Bearer GILMORE MEREDITH Baltimore, Met

Grand Herald Grand Tiler

HENRY MOORE TELLER

2Uttte

Central City, Co}.

(33

WILLIAM REYNOLDS SINGLETON,

Washington

Hon.)

City, D. C.

timber*.
Iowa
City,

THEODORE SUTTON PARVIN JAMES SMYTHE LAWSON DE WITT CLINTON DAWKINS MICHEL ELOI GIRARD

Iowa

San Francisco, Cal.

Jacksonville, Florida
Lafayette, La.

54

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE

.

CHARLES FREDERICK BROWN.

..............................

San Francisco, Cal.

ROCKY PRESTON EARHART ........................................... Salem, Oregon EUGENE GRISSOM ........................................................ Raleigh, N. C. JAMES DANIEL RICHARDSON .......................... ...... Murfreesboro, Tenn. SAMUEL EMERY ADAMS ......................................... Minneapolis, Minn. RUFUS EBERLE FLEMING ......................................... Fargo, N. Dakota
.

ADOLPHUS LEIGH FITZGERALD ................................... Eureka, Nevada JOHN FREDERICK MAYER ............................................. Richmond, Va. NATHANIEL LEVIN .................................................... Charleston, S. C. RICHARD JOSEPH NUNN ........................................ Savannah, Georgia GEORGE FLEMING MOORE ................................. Montgomery, Alabama

meritt ov ^etiretr gUttt>e iplember. CLAUDE SAMORY ..................................................... New Orleans, La. GEORGE B. WATERHOUSE, now in New York ............... North Carolina JOHN C. AINSWORTH, now in Oakland, Cal ...................... ..... Oregon JOHN McCR AKEN ...................................................... Portland, Oregon ABRAHAM E. FRANKLAND, now in New York ...................... Tennessee WILLIAM ROBERTS BOWEN, now in Pennsylvania .................. Nebraska JOHN LONSDALE ROPER ............................................. Norfolk. Virginia ROBERT S. INNES ................................ ................................ Minnesota ACHILLES REGULUS MOREL, now of Oakland. Cal. (9) ............ Louisiana
-

ALABAMA. STEPHEN HENRY BEASELEY ............................................ Montgomery " FAY MCCULLOCK BILLING (2) ........................................
ARIZONA.

MERRILL PINGREE FREEMAN

(i) ............................................ Tucson

CALIFORNIA.

ALEXANDER GURDON ABELL .......................................... San

ISAAC SUTVENE TITUS ....................................................
"

Francisco
"

Army GEORGE JOHN HOBE ............................................... THEODORE HENRY GOODMAN ......................................

S.

ELISHA INGRAHAM BAILEY, Surgeon U.

.............
......

" "
'

AYLETT RAINES COTTON PETER THOMAS BARCLAY ....................................... " DAVID BERNARD JACKSON ............................................. " COLUMBUS WATKRHOUSE ............................................. " CHARLES THOMAS HANCOCK ...................... ................. " WILLIAM ABRAHAM DAVIS ........................................... " JOHN MASON BUFFINGTON ..................................... - ............ Oakland " EDWIN ALLEN SHERMAN.... ............................................... " DAVID MCCLURE .................................................................. NATHAN WESTON SPAULDING ............................................. ... " " WILLIAM FRANK PIEKCE .............................................. ....... " CHARLES EDWIN GILLETT .................................................... " JAMES BESTOR MERRITT ........................................................
......................... ......................
'

" " " " " "

A.

&

A.

S.

RITE OF FREEMASONRY.

55

CHARLES MEDLEY DOUGHERTY CHARLES JACOB R. BUTTLAR SILAS MONTGOMERY BUCK CHARLES E. STONE WILLIAM FRANKLIN KNOX WILLIAM MONROE PETRIE JAMES ROBERT DUPUY (26)
COLORADO.

Alameda Co. Eureka

Marysville

Sacramento
"

Los Angeles

LAWRENCE NICHOLS GREENLEAF EDWARD CARROL PARMELEE RICHARD W. POMEROY (3)

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

Denver

Georgetown

CLEMENT WELLS BENNETT

Washington
"

EDWARD

FITZKI

JOHN FRAZIER HEAD REV. WILLIAM AUGUSTUS HARRIS

CHRISTOPHER INGLE

" "

ABNER TOWNSLEY LONGLEY EDWIN BALRIDGE MAC GROTTY LUTHER HAMILTON PIKE WILLIAM OSCAR ROOME WILLIAM SMITH ROOSE JOHN ERNST. CHRISTOPHER SCHMID THOMAS SOMERVILLE JOSEPH CLARENCE TAYLOR
JOHN WILSON WILLIAM W. UPTON JAMES LANSBURY THOMAS GEORGE LOOCKERMAN
JAMES EMMET BLACKSHEAR.

"
"

"

(17)

GEORGIA.

Macou
"

ANDREW MARTIN WOLIHIN

THOMAS WHITTY CHANDLER CALVIN FAY (4)
GERMANY.
J.

Atlanta

IGNATIUS HIRSCHBUHL

(i)

r.aden

Baden

HAWAIIAN ISLANDS.

KING DAVID KALAKAUA JOHN OWEN DOMINIS WILLIAM COOPER PARKE GEORGE WILLIAMS (4)
ILLINOIS.

Honolulu

FRANCIS A. HAYDEN

(i)

Chicago

IOWA.

GEORGE WASHINGTON ASHTON GEORGE WASHINGTON PARKER ARTEMUS LAMB

i.yous
'.

Clinton

56

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE

Clinton

JAMES VAN DEVENTER GEORGE W. BEVER JAMES MORTON (6)

JAPAN.

Cedar Rapids
"

"

DURHAM WHITE STEVENS

OSCAR KEiL AUGUSTUS LANGEELDT ADOLPHO FARSARI (4)
KANSAS.
.-

Tokio

Yok ohama
"

"

JOHN HENRY BROWN JOHN CALVIN CARPENTER ALONZO CHENEY EMMONS PETER JOHN FRELIN G. BURTON EVERINGTON LANGDON MATTHEW MURRAY MILLER ADRIAN CYRUS SHERMAN CHARGES SPAULDING

Wyandotte Leavenworth
"

Fort Scott Clay Center

Rossville

Topeka
"

EVAN DAVIS
CHARLES STIPES WILDER JEREMIAH GILES SMITH JEREMIAH SIMPSON COLE

Lawrence
Wichita
(12)

KENTUCKY.

GEORGE C. BETTS JAMES ALEXANDER BEATTIE JOHN WILLIAM COOK...

JOHN FINZER

Louisville "

" "
"

HENRY WEEDEN GRAY EDWIN GILBERT HALL HENRY HARRISON NEAL

WILLIAM REINECKE WILLIAM RYAN
LEVI SLOSS

" " " " "

"

KILBOURNE WALTER SMITH CHARLES CHRISTOPHER VOGT THOMAS UNDER WOOD DUDLEY FRANK H. JOHNSON (Deputy for Kentucky) BURTON K. LANGDON CHARLES H. FISK ROBERT TALBOT MILLER

"
" " " Covini*ton

WARREN LARUE THOMAS

CAMPBELL H. JOHNSON
v

Marvsville

MAX J. MACK
JAMES G. SHIELDS
(21)

Henderson Cincinnati, Ohio

....New Albany, Ind.

LOUISIANA.

ALBERT

G. BRICE
-.

New
"

Orleans
"

EMMETT DEWITT CRAIG ALFRED HENRY ISAACSON

A.

&

A.

S.

RITE OF FREEMASONRY.
"

57

GEORGE SOULE

New Orleans

HENRY PEET BUCKLEY

KELLS ANDREW HERO, JR JOSEPH POTTS HORNKR
E.

CHARGES

<

<

<

<

THOMAS CRIPPS MARK QUAYLE

"
(10)

"

MARYLAND. THOMAS AUGUSTUS CUNNINGHAM JOHN HAZLEHURST BONNEVILLE LATROBIC NATHAN LEHMAN CHARGES THOMAS Sisco
DAVID WEISENFIELD

Baltimore
"
<

<

THOMAS JACOB SHRYOCK

GILES WILLIAM MERRILL

(6)

" "

MINNESOTA.
St.

Paul
"

ORVILLE GILBERT MILLER CHARLES WHIPPLE NASH JOHN CARL TERRY CALEB HENRY BENTOX EDWARD ARMENIUS HOTCHKINS JAMES MONTGOMERY WILLIAMS DAVID MARCUS GOODWIN JOSEPH HAYES THOMPSON SAMUEL S. KILVINTON (10)
MISSOURI.

" "

Minneapolis "
"

"

AMBROSE WEBSTER FREEMAN THOMAS ELWOOD GARRETT WILLIAM NAPOLEON LOKEK STEPHEN BROWN POTTER STEPHEN D.THACHER (5)
MISSISSIPPI.

St.

Louis
" "
''

Kansas City
Vicksburg

FREDERICK SPEED

(i)

MONTANA.

HARRY RETZER COMBY

CORNELIUS HEDGKS JOHN CRITTENDEN MAJOR.
(3)

Helena
"

NEBRASKA.

HARRY PORTER DEUEL ELBERT FREEMAN DUKE

JOHN JAMES MONBLL, JR CHARLES PHILIP NEEDHAM ROBERT HENRY HALT WILLIAM CLEBURKK HENRY CLAY AKIN ROBERT HECTOR OAKLEY EDGAR SWARTWOUT DUDLEY

Omaha

Lincoln

58

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE

,

THOMAS SEWELL ROBERT WILKINSON FURNAS BENJAMIN FRANKLIN RAWALT JAMES ALLEN TULLEYS EDWIN FORCE WARREN FRANK HENRY YOUNG (15)
NEVADA.

Lincoln Brownsville

Hastings

Red Cloud
Nebraska City
Custer

FLETCHER HARRIS HARMON

JOSEPH THOMAS BROWN
(i)

(i)

Eureka

NEW YORK.
New York
.j.

City

NORTH DAKOTA.

ANDREW HORACE BURKE MARK ANTHONY BREWER

,

Fargo
"

CHARLES CHRISTIAN KNEISLEY THOMAS CHASE PAXTON FRANK JURED THOMPSON DANIEL FRANK ETTER (6)

"
".

"

"

Yankton
Salem
Dayton
:..

ORB;GON.

STEPHEN FOWLER CHADWICK CHRISTOPHER TAYLOR JOSEPH NORTON DOLPH JOHN R. FOSTER IRVING W. PRATT FERDINAND N. SHURTLIFF (6) SOUTH CAROLINA. JOHN SOMERS BuiST JOHN FREDERICK FICKEN HENRY WHARTENBERG SHRODER THOMAS MOULTRIE MORDECAI (4)
TENNESSEE.

Portland
"

"

Charleston
"

"

FORDYCE FOSTER BOWEN JOHN ZENT CHARLES HAZEN EASTMAN JOHN FRIZZELL

Memphis
"

Nashville
"

WRIGHT KUGENE HERMAN PLUMACHER

PITKIN C.

" "

BENJAMIN RUFUS HARRIS

HENRY

R.

HOWARD

(8)

Jackson Aillahoma

TEXAS.

JOSEPH KNIGHT ASHBY SPOTSWOOD WELLFORD LOMAX SIDNEY MARTIN AUSTIN BEVERLY CHAMBERLIN

Fort
"
"

Worth
"
"

?ii>ine

Pass

CHARLES SOLOMON MORSE LOUIS MONTCALM OPENHEIMER

.Austin Calvert
.r,alveston

NAHOR BRIGGS YARD RUDOLPH GRIMMER

(8)

Dallas

A.

&

A.

S.

RITE OF FREEMASONRY.
VIRGINIA.

59

CHARLES ALBERT NESBITT ................................................. Richmond HENRY FLOOD BOCOCK ...................................................... Lynchburg " EDWARD ADDISON CRAIGHILL .......... .................................. " WILLIAM LURAY PAGE ..................................................... FREDERICK GREENWOOD ........................................................ Norfolk DANIEL JAMES TURNER (6) ............................................. Portsmouth
.

WEST
WILLL\M
J.

VIRGINIA.

APPLEGATE ....................................................... Wellsburg

KEPHART DELWAR WALKER ............................................... Fainnount

JOHN WILLIAM MORRIS ........................................................ Wheeling " THOMAS MILLIGAN DARRAH (41 ........................................
WASHINGTON.
" ROSSELL GALBRAITH O'BRIEN ............................... ................ JOSEPH AUGUSTUS KUHN ............................................... Port Townsend JAMES M. BUCKLEY ......................................................... New Tacoina WILLIAM PARKHURST W INANS ........................................ Walla Walla MARSHALL WILLIAM WOOD, U. S. A .......................... Fort Walla Walla Louis ZEIGLER (7) ...................................................... Spokane Falls
.

THOMAS MILBURNE REED ...................................................... Olympia

WYOMING. ASAHEL COLLINS BECKWITH ................................................. Evanston

JESSE

FRANK MILLS FOOTE, Deputy ............................................... KNIGHT (3) .............................................................

Total Honorary Members, 205.

" "

mertti
th e

There are Forty-three Emeriti Honorary Members who belong Northern and to the Foreign Supreme Councils of the World.

lo-

Court

of

Honor*

STEPHEN HENRY BEASELY ................................................... Alabama ISAAC SuTVENE TlTUS ........................................... San Francisco, Cal. GEORGE JOHN HOBK ............................................. " " ELISHA INGRAHAM BAILEY, U. S. Army ..................
JOSEPH THOMAS BROWN .......................................... Washington, D. (X

CLEMKNT WELLS BENNETT ...................................... LUTHER HAMILTON PIKI: ....................................... WILLIAM REYNOLDS SINGLETON ............................ KING DAVID KALAKAUA ............................................. Honolulu, GOVERNOR JOHN OWEN DOMINI; .................................

H.

I.

JOHN WILLIAM COOK ................................................ Louisville, Ken. JOHN FRAZIER HEAD, U. S. Army .............................. WILLLVM REINECKK ..................................................

60

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE

EDWIN GILBERT HALL ............................................... Louisville, Ken. " " WILLIAM RYAN ......................................................... THOMAS CRIPPS ........................................................ New Orleans, La. THOMAS ELWOOD GARRETT ............................................ St. Louis, Mo. " " WILLIAM NAPOLEON LOKER ........................................... ORNILLE GILBERT MILLER .......................................... St. Paul, Minn. GEORGE C. BETTS ............................................................... Nebraska " ROBERT WILKINSON FURNAS .............................. Brownsville, STEPHEN FOWLER CHADWICK ........................................ Salem, Oregon " ROCKY PRETSON EARHART ....................................... Portland, JOHN SOMERS BUIST .................................................. Charleston, S. C. ABRAHAM EPHRAIM FRANKLAND ................................ Memphis, Tenn WILLIAM LURAY PAGE ......................................... Lynchburg, Virginia " " HARVEY ALLEN OLNEY ..................... ...................
" M EDWARD ADDISON CRAIGHILL .............................. " FREDERICK GREENWOOD .......................................... Norfolk, KEPHART DELWAR WALKER ................................... Fairmount, W.

Va.

JOSEPH KNIGHT ASHBY ........................................... Fort Worth, Texas

Anight*

(Stetmfc <&*0#*je# ci

the
Washington, D. C.
State of Washington

JOSHUA OTIS STANTON 32

.......................................

JOHN Fox DAMON,

ginigljt*

32

.............................. Seattle,

ontmrmfcer*

jof

the (&onvt oi jj0nor.

(Masters of the Royal Secret 32ds not 33ds.)

ALABAMA.

WALTER LAWRENCE BRAGG ............................................. Montgomery

DAVID CLOPTON ..................... ........................................ JAMES T. PIERCE .................................................................... Warrior JOHN WALTER TOMLINSON ............................................... Birmingham " SAMUEL TANNER BUTTLE ................................................. " RUDOLPH MESTIER MULFORD (5) ......................................
ARIZONA.

MARTIN W. KALES

(i) ............................................................ Phoenix

CALIFORNIA.

HARRY HOLLES .................................

..........................

San Francisco
"

WILLIAM SCHUYLER MO;KS .......................................... AARON JONATHAN MESSING ........................................... WILLIAM A. ROBERTSON ............................................... SAMUEL W. ROSENSTOCK .............................................. JOHN HENRY TITCOMB ................................................. BERNARD FRANZ .......................................................... REUBEN HEDLEY LLOYD ............................................... CHARLES HENRY WELLS ..............................................

HENRY WOLFSOHN ....................................................... STEPHEN WING ............................................................

SAMUEL

W OLF
T

LEVY ...............................................

A.

&

A.

S.

RITE OF FREEMASONRY.

61

CHARLES FRANKLIN BURNF-\M GEORGE PATTERSON CHARLES DEXTER PIERCE WILLIAM CALDWELL BELCHER THOMAS HUGH KERNAN HENRY SAYRE ORME ISADORE E. COHN JAMES ROBERT DUPUY (33 elect) CHARLES WESLEY LONG
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

Oakland

Marysville
I, ;s

Angeles
"

Kureka

GEORGE MILTON BARKER GEORGE W. BALLOCH GEORGE EDGAR CORSON HENRY LOUD CRAWFORD CHARLES COLTON DUNCANSON ALEXANDER H. HOLT JAMES LANSBURGH ALONZO JOEL MARSH GEORGE ENOCH NOYES
ISAAC PITTMAN NOYES

\Vashington City

" "

"
"

" "
"

LEROY MORTIMER TAYLOR (n)

FLORIDA.

ROBERT JUDSON PERRY

(i)

Key Wes
GEORGIA.
Augusta
"
Atlanta "
"

CHARLES H. GOODRICH CHARLES W. HARRIS SAMUEL LAWRENCE CHARLES LEONARD WILSON HENRY CLAY STOCKDELL (5)
IDAHO.

NEWELL JONATHAN BROWN HENRY BEWS (2)

IOWA.

Ilawley "

THERON ROMEYN BEERS WILLIAM WILBURN SANBORN CHARLES W. WARNER GEORGE M. CURTIS
JAMES SCOTT JENKINS ERASTUS A. WADLEIGH NEWTON R. PARVIN UPTON C. BLAKE CALVIN GRAVES GREEN CYRUS WALDCRAVE EATON

Lyons
"

"
Clinton
" "

Cedar Rapids

EDWARD

C. AINSWOTH...

Des Moines

62

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE

JAPAN.

STUART ELDRIDGE ANDREW PATTERSON CONSTANT WILLIAM DIMOCK

Yokohama
Kobi
"

ROBERT HUGHES
KANSAS.

DAVID PASSON JUSTUS ASSMAN JAMES F. BAYLES EDWARD VAN BUREN ALBIN WEST R

Lawrence
" "

" "
"

REUBEN H. HERSHFIEI;D JOSEPH WILKINS PARK

JOHN WESTLAKE LUKE MICHAEL HAVENS ARTHUR CHARLES PERRY WALTER WHITE PHILL" s THEOPHILUS PATTERSON ROGERS JOHN WHERRELL HARPER SAMUEL CUNNINGHAM EDWARD C. CULP (15) KENTUCKY.

"
"

Fort Scott " "

Topeka
"

Faola
Salina "

HENRY CADWALADER ADAMS, JAMES ANDREWS BURRELL

stat'oned at

HENRY L. BURKHARDT RICHARD B. CALDWELL JOHN V. COWLING JOHN WINFIELD HAMMOND HENRY HUDSON HORACE JANUARY WILLIAM HENRY MEFFERT THEOPHILUS STERN
HENRY GOLDMAN STEIBEL DAVID HUNTER WILSON
GEORGE
T.
B.

Philadelphia, Pa Louisville "

"
"
"

"

"

" "
" " "

EVANS

HENRY
T

GRANT

"
"

W ILLIAM R. JOHNSON
GEORGE KOPMEIER

HENRY BOSTWICK
ROBERT T. MILLER JAMES W. STATON JOHN WILLIAM PRUELL THOMAS ELWOOD LEVIZEY

Covington
Brooksville

Frankfort
(21)

Newport

LOUISIANA.

RUDOLPH H. BENNERS WILLIAM TORBETT BENEDICT BIANCO CAMPEGLIO

New
"
"
.

Orleans
"

"

A.&
WILLIAM
JOSEPH
R.

A.

S.

RITE OF FREEMASONRY.
New
"
" "
<<

63

HENRY WALTER COULTER

DOUGLAS

Orleans

HENRY DE GRANGE
B.

GEORGE

ITTMAN

CARLOS MADUEL JOHN O. McLEAN GEORGE MINIERI CHARLES WESLEY NEWTON JEAN BAPTISTE SORAPURN JOHN ALEXANDER STEVENSON FRANCISCO PAULA DE VILLESANA JOSEPH VOEGTLE

" "
'

"
" " "

"
"
"

EDWARD

A.

YORK

JOHN WILLIAM HADDEN RICHARD LAMBERT CHARLES F. BUCK PAULM. SCHNEIDER DAVID ARENT ABEL J. NORWOOD (22)

"
"
"

" "

Faruiersville

Clinton

MARYLAND.

WILLIAM FRANCIS COCK RAN

BaHimore
" " "

HERMAN L. EMMONS JACOB EMERY KEREBS

MAURICE L/ANPHEIMER HENRY CLAY L,ARRABEE
(5)

"

MINNESOTA.

ROBERT S. ALDEN GEORGE HUNSAKER DELOS A. MONFORT NEWTON IRVINE WILLEY WILLIAM HENRY STERLING WRIGHT GEORGE REUBEN METCALP WILLIAM MINER BUSHNELL WILLIAM PARKER JEWETT

St.

Paul
"

"

"
"

"
Paul

EDWARD HENRY MILHAM

JOHN WALWORTHHENION... ALBERT ENOS HIGBEE JOHN ALBERT SCHLENER DAVID MARCUS GOODWIN

St.

Minneapolis

.'

HENRY ROCKWOOD DENNY

SILAS BUCK FOOTE

Carver

R ed Wing
Faribault St. Peter

SWANTE JOHN WlLLARD REV. GEORGE B. WHIPPLE THOMAS MONTGOMERY CLARK HORTON PORTER DOUGLAS RUDD SUTHERLAND ROYAL HATCH GOVE (21)

Winona

Moms
Rocbester

64

BRIEF Hr STORY OF THE

MISSOURI.
Louis
"

JOHN HENRY DEEMS

WILLIAM DOUGLAS JOHNR. PARSONS

St.

"
"
(5)

HIRAM HENRY STEIBEL WILLIAM PARSONS MOORE

MONTANA.

HENRY
JAMES

H. GURTHRIE H. MOE

Helena
"

ANTHONY HUNDLEY BARRETT JOSEPH ANTHONY HYDE ROBERT C. KNOX WILLIAM THOMPSON (6)
NEBRASKA. GUSTAV ANDERSON FRED JAMES BUTHWICK CARL AUGUSTUS FRIED CHARLES SMITH HUNTINGTON FREDERICK BROWN LOWE GEORGE MURRAY NATTINGER JOHN GILBERT TAYLOR CHARLES RICE TURNEY CHARLES MAY CARTER CHARLES H. WILLARD EDWIN CATLIN WEBSTER (:i) NEVADA. HENRY W. BoLLEN FRED DAN STADTMULLER GEORGE BUSH HILL GEORGE TUXFLY ALEXANDER FRASER DAVID HENRY HALL JOHN EDWARD JONES HIRAM JOHNSON REINHOLD SADLER
'.

Bu'te

" "

Omaha
" "

" " "

" "

Lincoln
Hastings

Carson City
"

"

"

Eureka
"
"

"

PEPlSTELER....

THOMAS WREN GIOVANNI TORRE

MICHAEL BOWERS
FABIUS

(la)

" " " "

NORTH CAROLINA.

HAYWARD BUSBEE
(3)

Raleigh "

HENRY THEODORE BOHNSON

WILLIAM ADDISON BENTLY

Salem
Bismark
Fargo Jonestown

NORTH DAKOTA.

ANDREW HORACE BURKE

ERNEST J. SCHWELLENBACK

A.

&

A.

S.

RITE OF FREEMASOXRY.

65

WILLIAM BLATT LEVI BUTLER FRENCH GEORGE A. ARCHER ALBERT BREWER GUPTIL SAMUEL THOMAS CORMICK JOSEPH SELDEN HUNTINGTON JAMES TWAMLEY OSCAR S. GIFFORD (n)

Yankton

....Fargo

Sioux Falls

NEW
WILLIAM WASHINGTON GRIFFIN
JAMES R. BAYLEY

MEXICO.
'.

Santa Fe

OREGON.

HENRY
SETH
L.

Newport
Portland

C.

MORRICE

POPE
(41

ANDREW ROBERTS BENJAMIN GARDNER WHITEHOUSE

ISAAC

"

SOUTH CAROLINA.

WAYNE ANGEL

Charleston

ERRINGTON BROWN HUME ALEXANDER WASHINGTON MARSHALL W. JAMES WHALEY (4)

TENNESSEE.

" "

HENRY MARTIN AIKEN

ROGER EASTMAN.. WILLIAM AUSTIN SMITH
(3)

Knoxville
Nashville

Columbia
TEXAS.
Galveston " " " " " "
Austin
" " "

WILLIAM MORGAN ANDREWS BENJAMIN FOLGER DISBROW BENJAMIN LECOMPTE WILLIAM SCRIMGEOUR BENJAMIN OVERFIELD HAMILTON

FRANK DURANG HARRAR SVMON CONRADI

HENRY LINCOLN CARLTON JOHN MCDONALD GEORGE MELLERSH

TOM MURRAH JOHN C. McCoY
CHARLES ALBERT HOTCHKISS ROBERT BREWSTER STEPHEN DECATUR MOORE PIERRE LEON QUERONZE HENRY SHERFFINS JAMES SHEPHERD SULLIVAN CHARLES BENJAMIN PATRICK HENRY ADDINGTON GILPIK

Dallas "

Houston
"

"
"

Richmon
El Paso
Collins

SYMON ROSENFIELD

(21)

Fort Worth

66

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE

VIRGINIA.
;

JAMES GASKINS BAIN STEPHEN McGEE FISHER DAVID HUSTED

Portsmouth

Richmond
Lynchburg
"

THOMAS

E.

MOORMAN

DINWIDDIE B. PHILLIPS JOHN R. SPILLMAN JOHN J. TERRILL

" "
" "

SAMUEL TYLER ABRAHAM MYERS

(9)

Norfolk

WEST
JACOB BERGER JEREMIAH A. MILLER
(2)

VIRGINIA.

Wheeling
"

WASHINGTON.

ALEXANDER FAY ANDERSON WILLIAM HENRY GILLIAM

GRANVILLE OWENHALLER

Seattle "

EDWARD

STURGIS INGRAHAM

CHARLES ALBERT WRIGHT JOHN JACOB GILBERT JOHN FRANKLIN GOWEY WILLIAM MCMICKEN NATHAN SMITH PORTER JOHN WHITE EDWARDS FRANCIS TARBELL WALTER JAMES THOMPSON CYRUS WALKER, Port Gamble
LEVI ANKENEY

" " "

Olympia
"

" "
Port Blakely

Tacoma
" "

Walla Walla
"
'.

RALPH GUICHARD JAMES HEWITT SMITH

"

(16)

"

"

REGISTER OF SUBORDINATE BODIES

OF THE

Supreme Gouneil
Jlnmnf anb
for

of

the

^hirty-^hird Degree

OF THE JRccepfEb ;nrfftsr; Bite of ^ouffjErtt 3urisbirfton of Hnifeb 3fafca, 1890.

ffje

onttot?te*, 31 anb 32;

1

CALIFORNIA

2 3

EMPIRE OF JAPAN KENTUCKY

LOUISIANA
NOTE.

San Francisco, Cal. Yokohama, Japan Louisville, Kentucky.

New Orleans, La These Grand Consistories are the local Grand Bodies for the government of the Councils of Kadosh, Chapters of Rose Croix and Lodges of Perfection for their local jurisdictions and also confer the 3ist and 32d Degrees.
4

<mi*t0ri00,
1

81-32.
Washington City, D. C Fargo, North Dakota
Augusta, Georgia Lyons, Iowa Cedar Rapids, " Leavenworth, Kansas " Wichita, Baltimore, Maryland

ALBERT PIKE, No.

DAKOTA, No. i AUGUSTA, No. i DE MOLAY, No.
IOWA, No.
2

4
5

6
7

LEAVENWORTH,
WICHITA, No.
2

No.

8 9 10
11

CHESAPEAKE, No. i OCCIDENTAL, No. i MISSOURI, No. i

MINNESOTA, No. i MINNEAPOLIS, No. LAWSON, No. i
2

Omaha, Nebraska
St. Louis, St. Paul,

Missouri

Minnesota

12

Minneapolis,
Seattle, State of

13 14
15

Wash.

16
17 18

FORT WORTH, No. BIRMINGHAM, No. OCCIDENTAL

COLORADO, No.
i

i i

ZAREPTHAH

Forth Worth, Texas Birmingham, Alabama Los Angeles, California Denver, Colorado Davenport, Iowa

68

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE

of gia&<*#h,
,

19-3O,

No. 6 ............................................ New Orleans, Louisiana " " " 2 Los AMIGOS DEL ORDEN, No. 7 .................. " " FOYER MACONNIO.UE, No. 8 ...................... " 3 4 KILWINNING, No. i ....................................... Louisville, Kentucky 5 GODFREY DE ST. OMAR, No. i ......................... San Francisco, Cal 6 DE MOLAY, No. 2 ................ ..................................... Oakland, " " 7 HUGO DES PAYENS, No. 3 ................................... Los Angeles, i ............................................. Portland, Oregon 8 MULTNOMAH, No. 9 WASHINGTON, No. i ................................... Seattle, State of Wash. " " " 10 DE MOLAI, No. 2 ................. ..................... Olympia, 11 ROBERT DE BRUCE, No. I ........................... Washington City, D. C. 12 ALEXANDER LIHOLIHO, No. i ...................... , ......... Honolulu, H. I. 13 HUGH DES PAYENS, No. i ........................................... Lyons, Iowa " 14 ST. ANDREWS, No. 2 ........................................ Cedar Rapids, " .......................................... Davenport, 15 CCEUR DE LION 16 DES PAYENS ...................................................... Yokohama, Japan ........................................... Leavenworth, Kansas 17 DE MOLAI " 18 WILLIAM DE LA MORE, No. i ............................ Lawrence, " .............................. Topeka, 19 GODFREY DE ST. OMAR " 20 ROBERT DE BRUCE, No. 4 ................................. Fort Scott, 21 MARYLAND, No. i ......................................... Baltimore, Maryland 22 DE MOLAI, No. i ..... ........................................ St. Paul, Minnesota " 23 ALFRED ELISHA AMES, No. 2 ..................... Minneapolis, No. i ................................................ St. Louis, Missouri 24 MISSOURI, 25 ST. ANDREWS, No. i ............................................ Omaha, Nebraska 26 ORIENT, No. i ......................................................... Austin, Texas " 27 OLEANDER, No. 2 ............................................... Galveston, " 28 SIDNEY MARTIN, No. 3 .................................... Fort Worth, 29 DENVER, No. i ................................................... Denver, Colorado 30 FARGO, No. i ................................................ Fargo, North Dakota 31 ROBERT DE BRUCE, No. 2 ........................... Yankton, North Dakota " " 32 CCEUR DE LEON, No. 3 ........................ ..Sioux Falls, ............................................................. Wichita, Kansas 33 WICHITA

34
35

" SALINA .................................................................. Salina, DE LACY, No. i ............................. Birmingham, Alabama GILBERT

of
1

Ho#*

<&vaix>

15~18.

BuiST, No.

2 3

4
5

6
7

i ........................................ Charleston, South Carolina PELICAN, No. n ......................................... New Orleans, Louisana " " CERVANTES, No. 5 ...................................... " " FOYER MACONNIQUE, No.6 .......................... PELICAN, No. i ............................................. Louisville, Kentucky COVINGTON, No. 2 ......................................... Covington, Kentucky YERBA BUENA, No. 4 ............................... San Francisco, California " GETHSEMANE, No. 5 .......................................... Oakland, '' 6 .................................. Los Angeles, ROBERT BRUCE, No.

A.
10
11

&

A.

S.

RITE OF FREEMASONRY.

69

DAI NIPPON, No. EVANGELIST, No.

i..

Yokohama, Japan Washington City, D. C.

Denver, Colorado

12

13
14
15

MACKEY, No. MACKEY, No.

i I

Yankton, Dakota
Fargo, North Dakota

16
17

PELICAN, No. 2 TEMPLE, No. i NUUANU, No. i

Savannah, Georgia Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands

Lyons, Iowa

18
19 20
21

DELPHIC, No. i BRUCE, No. 2 LEBANON, No. 3 DAI NIPPON, No. UNITY, No. i

22 23

EQUALITY, No. DELTA, No. 3

24
25

MACKEY, No. 4 MEREDITH, No.i

ST. PAUL, No.
i

Cedar Rapids, " " Davenport, Yokohama, Japan Topeka, Kansas " Lawrence " '....Leavenworth " Fort Scott
;

Baltimore, Maryland
St. Paul,

26
27

Minnesota
"

ST.

VINCENT DE PAUL, No.

i I

Minneapolis,
St. Louis,

28 29 30
31

ST. Louis, No.

Missouri

HELENA, No.

SEMPER

FIDELIS, No.

Helena, Montana Omaha, Nebraska

Portland, Oregon
Austin,
2

32
33

34 35 36 37 38 39

AINSWORTH, No. I PHILIP C. TUCKER, No. i L. M. OPENHEIMER, No. S. W. LOMAX, No. 3 EL PASO, No. 4 ROPER, No. 2 PELICAN, No. 3 CHARITY, No. I A. G. MACKEY, No. I

Texas
"

Galveston, Fort Worth,

"

El Paso,

"

Norfolk, Virginia

Richmond, Virginia
Wheeling, West Virginia Evanston, Wyoming
Seattle, State of

40
41

42
43

WASHINGTON, No. i ROBERT BRUCE, No. ST. ANDREWS, No. 3

ST.

Washington

44
45

46
47 48

JOHNS, No. 4 COLUMBIA, No. 5 WICHITA, No. 5 SALINA, No. 6

".

Olympia, Port Townsend, Port Gamble, Walla Walla,

Wichita, Kansas
Salina,

"

49 50
51

MACKEY, No. 3 AREOPAGUS, No. EMANUEL, No. 2 CAPITOLIUM, No.

TEMPLE,

Red Wing, Minnesota

2

Kansas

City. Missouri

Lincoln, Nebraska
i

52

53

WHITE EAGLE CALVARY

LIVINGSTON

Carson City, Nevada Savannah, Georgia Atlanta, Georgia

Memphis, Tennessee
Livingston,

54 55 56

Montana

TACOMA

Tacoma, Washington Spokane Falls, Duluth, Minnesota

70

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE

DELTA, No.

i ........................................ Charleston,

South Carolina

ALBERT PIKE, No. i .................................... New FOYER MACONNIQUE, No. 3 .........................

Orleans, Louisiana

4
5

6
7 8

CERVANTES, No. 5 ...................................... UNION, No. 3 .................................................... Louisville, Kentucky COVINGTON, No. 4 ......................................... Covington,

"

YERBA BUENA, No. 6 ............................... San

PACIFIC, No. 2 .............................................. Marysville, California Francisco,

9 10
11

12 13

HARTLEY, No. 7 .............................................. Stockton, MYRTLE, No. 10 ................................................ Eureka, OAKLAND, No. 12 ............................................ Oakland, KING SOLOMON, No. 14 .............................. Los Angeles,

"

14
15

SAN DiEGO, No. 15 ....................................... San Diego, DAI NIPPON, No. i ............................................. Yokohama, Japan SANTA RITA, No. i ............................................... Tucson, Arizona
ALABAMA, No. i .......................................... Montgomery, Alabama " BIRMINGHAM, No. 2 ....................................... Birmingham, MITHRAS, No.i ........................................... Washington City, D. C.
ORIENT, No. 2 ................................................... Georgetown, ALPHA, No. i ...................................................... Yankton, Dakota ENOCH, No. 3 ................................................ Fargo, North Dakota KHURUM. No. 3 ............................................... Sioux Falls, Dakota
4 ................................................. Webster, " CYRUS, No. 5 .................................... ............... Watertown, ST. JOHNS, No. i ............................................. Jacksonville, Florida " DEWITT C. DAWKINS, No. 2 ............................... Key West, ENOCH No. I ........................................................ Augusta, Georgia " EMETH, No. 2 ............................................................ Albany, " ZERBAL, No. 3 ......................................................... Macon, " HERMES, No. 4 ....................... ........................... Atlanta, " EPSILON, No. 5 ................................................. Savannah, No. i ........................... Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands KAMEHAMEHA, IOWA, No. i.. ............................................................ Lyons, Iowa " KILWINNING, No. 2 ......................................... Cedar Rapids, COVENANT, No. i .................................................. Lewiston, Idaho ELEUSIS, No. i ............................................. Leavenworth, Kansas " ORIENTAL, No. 3 .................................................. Topeka, " VALLEY, No. 4 ............................................... Clay Center, " ZERBAL, No. 5 ................................................... Lawrence, " JOABERT, No. 6 ................................................ Fort Scott, " No. 7 .................................................. Emporia, KHURUM, " MACKEY, No. 8 ...................................................... Salina^ " No. .........................................................
.

16
17 18

"

19

20
21

22
23

WEBSTER, No.

"

24
25 26

27 28

29

30
31

32

33

34 35 36
37

38 39 40 41 42 43 44
45

ELMO,

Wichita,

ALBERT PIKE, No. i ...................................... Baltimore, Maryland CARMEL, No. I ................................................ St. Paul, Minnesota
EXCELSIOR, No.
2 ......................................

46

Minneapolis,

"

A.
47 48 49 50
51

&

A.
3

S.

RITE OF FREEMASONRY.
Mankato,
.....St.

71

HARMONY, No.
OSIRIS, No. 4

Red Wing, Minnesota

Peter,

DELTA, No. 5 QUITMAN, No.

ST. Louis, No.

"

I
i

52
53

54 55 56 57 58 59 60

ALPHA, No. 2 ADONIRAM, No. ALPHA, No. i

Vicksburg, Mississippi St. Louis, Missouri " Hannibal, " Kansas

City,

BETA No.

Helena, Montana "

Butte,

DOUGLAS, No.

Granite,
..Livingston,

"

KHURUM, No. 4 KILWINNESTG, No. I MOUNT MORIAH, No. 2 FIDUCIA, No. 3 61 DELTA, No. 4 62 NEVADA, No. 3 63 SANTA FE, No. i 64 OREGON, No. I 65 ALBERT PIKE, No. 2 66 JOHN CHESTER, No. i 67 EMETH, No. 2 68 EMULATION, No. 3 69 SENAL. No. 4 70 MIZPAH, No. 5 SAN FILIPE, No.i 71 72 PALESTINE, No. 2 73 FORT WORTH, No. 3 74 FIDELITY, No. 4 EL PASO, No. 5 75 76 SAN JACINTO, No. 6 77 ALBERT PIKE, No. i 78 McDANiEL, No. 3 79 A. G. MACKEY, No. 4 80 JOHN L. ROPER, No. 5 81 PORTSMOUTH, No.6 82 MCDANIEL, No. i
83

"

Grand Island, Nebraska " Omaha,

Hastings, Lincoln,
"

Carson City, Nevada Santa Fe, New Mexico

Portland, Oregon

Salem, ..Jackson, Tennessee

Columbia,
_
!

"

Nashville,

" "

Murfreesboro,

"

Memphis,
Palestine,

"

Galveston, Texas "

Fort Worth,
Austin,

El Paso,

" " "

"

Houston
Norfolk,

Lynchburg, Virginia "

Deep Creek, Richmond,

Portsmouth, Wheeling, West Virginia
Seattle, State of

WASHINGTON, No.

Washington

84
85 85

87 88

89

OLYMPIA, No. 2 LA FAYETTE, No. 3 LEBANON, No. 4 COLUMBL\, No. 5 BAINBRIDGE, No. 6 DAYTON, No. 7

Olympia, Port Townsend, Port Gamble, Walla Walla,

Port Blakely,

Dayton,

90
91

MACKEY, No. 8 TACOMA, No. 9

JORDAN, No.
i

Spokane Falls, Tacoma,

Rawlins, \VyomingTy.
2

92
93

ALBERT PIKE, No.

Evanston,

72

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE

EMETH, No. 5 FIDELITY, No. 6 MARYSVH,I,E, No. 10
Fremont, Nebraska
Niobrara,
"
Marysville, Kansas

94 95

DAMASCUS HIRAM MIDDLEBURG 100 MITHRAS

101

96 97 98 99

NORTH STAR

ARMY

Duluth, Minnesota Kearney, Nebraska Columbus, Georgia Chattanooga, Tennessee Fort Leavenworth, Kansas

TABLEAU
OF THE

Supreme (oimcil

of

Sovereign

(g rand

inspectors.

eneral

OF THE THIRTY-THIRD AND LAST DEGREE,

FOR THE

Borffjern

Masonic

3Turisbtrfion of

flj

lUnifeb

of -Jlmmta.

GRAND EAST,

BOSTOfl, O1ASSACHUSETTS.

188O-189O.

HENRY L. PALMER, Milwaukee, Wis., M. P. Sov. Grand Commander " CHARLES LEVI WOODBURY, Boston, Mass., P. Grand Lieut. 3 SAMUEL CROCKER LAWRENCE, Boston, Mass., Grand Min. of State 4 MARQUIS F. KING, Portland, Me., Deputy for Maine " New FRANK A. McKEAN, Nashua, N. H., 5 Hampshire
1

6
7

GEORGE

O. TYLER, Burlington,

Vt.,

BENJAMIN DEAN, Boston. Mass., 8 NEWTON D. ARNOLD, Providence, R. I., 9 CHARLES WILLIAM CARTER, Norwich, Conn., 10 JOHN HODGE, Lockport, N. Y.,
11

" " " "

Vermont
Massachusetts Rhode Island
Connecticut

12 13

FRAZEE, Camden, N. J., ANTHONY E. STOCKER, Philadelphia,

B.

ANDREW

New York New Jersey

"
Pennsylvania-

Pa.,

HUGH McCuRDY,

Corunna, Mich.,
Cincinnati, O.,

14
15

ENOCH TERRY CARSON,

NICHOLAS R. RUCKLE,

Indianapolis, Ind.,

Michigan Ohio Indiana

Illinois

16
17

JOHN CORSON SMITH, Chicago, 111., ALBERT V. H. CARPENTER, Milwaukee,

Wis.,

"

Wisconsin

18 19

HEMAN

20
21

Grand Treasurer General ELY, Elyria, Ohio, CLINTON FREEMAN PAIGE, Binghampton, N. Y., Grand Secretary General Lucius R. PAIGE, Cambridgeport, Mass., Grand Keeper of Archives CHARLES T. MCCLENACHAN, New York City, N. Y., Grand Master of Ceremonies

74
22

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE

ROBERT EMMETT PATTERSON, Grand Marshal General Grand Standard Bearer WILLIAM R. HIGBY, GEORGE OTIS TYLER, Grand Captain of the Guard ALBERT P. MORIARTY, Hon. 33, New York City, N. Y., Assistant Grand Secretary General
REV. JOSEPH LAFAYETTE SEWARD, Hon. 33, Lowell, Mass.,

23

24
25

26

Grand Prior
27
J.

H.

HOBART WARD, Hon. 33, New York

City, N. Y.,

Grand Marshal of
28

the

Camp

OZIAS W. SHIPMAN, Hon. 33, Detroit, Mich.,

29

30

Grand Marshal of the Camp GILBERT W. BARNARD, Hon. 33, Chicago, 111., Grand Marshal of the Camp ANDREW NEMBACH, Hon. 33, Cincinnati, Ohio, Grand Organist

of BENJAMIN DEAN ................................................ Term " 2 JOHN TV. STETTINIUS ........................................... " C. LAWRENCE ....................................... 3 SAMUEL " 4 ROBERT M. C. GRAHAM ....................................... CLINTON F. PAIGE ............................................. " 5 6 CHARLES L. WOODBURY ....................................... "
1

expires 1890

HENRY

L.

PALMER .............................................

"

" " " " " "

1891

1892 1893

1894
1895

1896

JOHN CHRISTIE ................................................ Portsmouth, N. H. DANIEL SICKLES ................................................... Brooklyn, N. Y.

Lucius ROBINSON PAIGE .............................. Cambridgeport, Mass.

4
5

6
7

WILLIAM PARKMAN ................................................ Boston, Mass. HOSMER ALLEN JOHNSON ........................................... Chicago, 111. ANTHONY EUGENE STOCKER ........................... Philadelphia, Penn.

8 9 10
11

MCCLENACHAN .............................. New York City, N. Y. HENRY CHAPMAN BANKS .............................. New York City. N. Y. DAVID BURNHAM TRACY .......................................... Detroit, Mich. JOSIAH H. DRUMMOND ............................................. Portland, Me. BENJAMIN DEAN ...................................................... Boston, Mass.
CHAS. T.

12

13

14
15

ENOCH T. CARSON ................................................ Cincinnati, Ohio WILLIAM RILEY HIGBY ...................................... Bridgeport, Conn. CLINTON F. PAIGE .......................................... Binghampton, N. Y. GEORGE W. BENTLEY .................................... New London, Conn.

16
17 18

HENRY

L.. PALMER ............................................. Milwaukee, Wis. ROBERT HARRIS Foss ................................................ Chicago, 111.

19

HEMAN ELY ............................................................. Elyria, Ohio HOMER L. GOODWIN .......................................... Bethlehem, Penn.
CHARLES W. CARTER ............................................ Norwich, Conn. JOHN CAVEN .................................................. Indianapolis, Ind.

20
21

A.
22 23

&

A.

S.

RITE OF FREEMASONRY.

75

ROBERT M. C. GRAHAM ................................ New York City, N. Y. SAMUEL C. LAWRENCE ........... .................................. Boston, Mass.

24
25 26 27 28

WAITER A. STEVENS .................................................. Chicago, 111. GEORGE O. TYLER ................................................. Burlington, Vt. CHARLES BROWN ................................................. Cincinnati, Ohio
BRENTON D. BABCOCK .......................................... Cleveland, " " " JOHN L. STETTINIUS ............................................. CHARLES E. MYER .......................................... Philadelphia, Penn. " " ROBERT E PATTERSON .................................... ALBERT V. H. CARPENTER ................................... Milwaukee, Wis. NEWTON D. ARNOLD .......................................... Providence, R. I. AUGUSTUS R. HALL ......................................... Philadelphia, Penn.
.

29

30
31

32 33

34
35

FRANK A. MCKEAN ................................................ Nashua, N. H. EDWARD P. BURNHAM ................................................... Saco, Me.

JOHN CORSON SMITH .................................................. Chicago, 111. ANDREW B. FRAZEE ................................................ Camden, N. J.

36
37

38

HUGH McCuRDY ...........

...................................... Corrunna,

Mich.

39 40
41

NICHOLAS R. RECKLE ......................................... Indianapolis, Ind. CHARLES M. COTTRILL ......................................... Milwaukee, Wis.

42 43 44
45

FRANKLIN H. BASCOM .......................................... Montpelier, Vt. MARQUIS F. KING .................................................... Portland, Me.
PHINEAS G.
C.

HUNT ......................................... Indianapolis,

Ind.

46

GEORGE M. CARPENTER ...................................... Providence, R. I. JOHN HODGE ........................................................ Lockport, N. Y. GEORGE w. CURRIER .............................................. Nashua, N. H.
l&meviti %ffi.e*nbev.

ATHANASIUS COLO VELONI .................................... Brooklyn, N. Y. FRANCIS A. BLADES ................................................ Detroit, Mich.
,

33,

MAINE.
Joseph A. Locke, Portland, " 3 Rufus H. Hinkley, 5 Arlington B. Marston, Bangor,
i

Almon
Charles

C. Waite, Portland,

Stephen Berry, Portland, " 9 Albro E. Chase,

7

4 6 8 10
12

Silas Alden, Bangor,

W. Belknap,

Portland,

John S. Russell, Portland, " George R. Shaw,

ii

Samuel

F. Bearce,
B.

"

Edmund

B. Mallett Jr, Freeport,

13

Augustus

Farnham, Bangor, 14 Albert M. Penley, Auburn, 15 William J. Burnham, Lewiston.

3
5

NEW HAMPSHIRE. 2 Henry B. Atherton, Nashua, Thomas E. Hatch, Keene, Joseph W. Fellows, Manchester, 4 John J. Bell, Exeter, 6 Andrew Bunton, Manchester, George B. Cleaves, Concord,
John
"

F. Webster, 9 Charles H. Webster, Nashua,

7

8 Joseph Shattuck, Nashua, lo Charles C. Danforth, Concord,

76

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE

VERMONT.

2 Milton K. Paine, Windsor, Levi Underwood, Burlington, 3 Fred' kF. Fletcher, St. Johnsbury, 4 William Brinsmaid, Burlington, 6 Charles H. Heaton, Montpelier, 5 Marsh O. Perkins, Windsor,
I

" Burlington, 8 Howard H. Hill, Fred'k L. Fisher, St. Johnsbury, 10 Albro F. Nichols, St. Johnsbury, 9 ii Warren G. Reynolds, Burlington, 12 George H. Kinsley, Burlington, 14 Silas W. Cummings, St. Alb ans. 13 J. Henry Jackson, Bane,

Myron W. Johnson,

MASSACHUSETTS.
I

Nicholas Hathaway, Fall River, 2 Wm. F. Knowles, W. Somerville, 4 Wyzeman Marshall, Boston, 3 Daniel W. Lawrence, Medford, " 5 Albert H. Kelsey, N. Cambridge, 6 James S. Freeland, 8 Charles C. Dume, Newburyport, K. Hall, Boston, 7 John
9

ii

Edward A. White, Boston, " William A. Smith,

Dana Bancroft, Ayer, Edward Stearns, Boston, Samuel H.Gregory, Boston,

lo
12

Benjamin F. Butler, Lowell, " William F. Salmon,

13 E.

15

14 16

Wm.

A. Richardson, Cambridge,

Thomas R. Lambert, Charlestown,

17

19 Percival L. Everett, Boston, 21 Henry Mulliken, " 23 William D. Stratton,

18 James A. Fox, Boston, 20 Sereno D. Nickerson, Boston, " 22 George O. Carpenter,

24 Benjamin A. Gould, Cambridge,

25 29
31

Henry Endicott, Cambridgeport, 26 William H. Cheesman, Boston,

28 Charles C. Hutchinson, Lowell, 30 Charles A. Welch, Boston, " Otis E. Weld, Boston, 32 John L. Stevenson, Frederick G. Walbridge, Boston, William R. Alger, Boston, 34 " Edwin Wright, 36 Thomas Waterman, " Albert C. Smith, C. H. Spellman, Springfield, 38 Samuel B. Spooner, Springfield, 40 Wm. J. Stevens, Kingston, N. H. 42 Erastus H. Doolittle, Boston, George S. Carpenter, Boston,

27 William H. Guild, Boston,

Henry

P. Perkins, Lowell,

33
35

37

39
41

43 E. Bentley Young, 45 Leonard M. Averill, 47 G. B. Buckingham, Worcester, 49 Minot J. Savage, Boston,

i

44 Josiah C. Seward, Lowell, 46 John H. Lakin, Boston, 48 Benjamin W. Rowell, Boston, 50 Joseph

W. Work,

"

RHODE
William
3

ISLAND.

B. Blanding, Providence, 2 Albert

H. Chaffee, Worcester, Mass

4 Eugene D. Burt, Providence, Bray ton, Newport, 5 Nicholas Van Sluyck, Providence 6 Stillman White, Providence. 8 William J. Underwood, Newport, 7 Joseph O. Earle, Providence, 9 George H. Kenyon, Providence.

James

B.

8 Frederick H. Waldron, New Haven W. Skiff, Danbury, 9 William C. Seeley, Bridgeport, 10 Samuel M. Bronson, Hartford, 12 Horatio G. Bronson, New Haven, ,li Arthur H. Brewer, Norwich, 13 Elias S. Quintant, Bridgeport.
7 Charles

CONNECTICUT. 2 Joseph K. Wheeler, Hartford, Marcus C. Allen, Bridgeport, 4 James L. Gould, Bridgeport, 3 Henry L. Parker, Norwich, 6 Charles E. Billings, Hartford, 5 Nathan A. Baldwin, Milford,
i

A.

&

A.

S.

RITE OF FREEMASONRY.
NEW
YORK.
2 Alfred

77

Henry

S. Sloan,

Biughampton,

Woodham, Brooklyn,

3 Albert P. Moriarty, Brooklyn,

5 Robert
7

John A. Foster, N. Y. City, John Moon, Brooklyn, 12 J. H. Hobart Ward, N. Y. City, 14 John R. Anderson, LeRoy, 16 Henry J. Shields, Brooklyn, 18 Seymour H. Stone, Syracuse, 17 George J. Gardner, Syracuse, 19 Robert H. Waterman, Albany, 20 James W. Husted, Peekskill, 21 Edwin J. Loomis, Norwich, 22 John D. Williams, Elmira, 23 Edward A. Brown, Syracuse, 24 George Babcock, Troy, 25 Walter M. Fleming, N. Y. City, 26 Aaron L. Northrop, N. Y. City, 28 John L. Sage, Rochester, 27 Charles Roome, N. Y. City, 29 Jesse B. Anthony, Troy, 30 Samuel Jones, N. Y. City, 31 Benjamin F. Stiles, Skaneateles, 32 John C. Robinson, Binghampton, 33 Judson B. Andrews, Buffalo, 34 John S. Bartlett, Buffalo, 35 Abel G. Cook, Syracuse, 36 Augustus M. Koeth, Rochester, 37 James Ten Eyck, Albany, 38 George W. Gilbert, N. Y.City,
9 Joseph J. Jennings, Brooklyn, ii Harrison S. Vining, Brooklyn, 13 Otis Cole, Rochester, 15 John F. Collins, N. Y. City,
10

Macoy, Brooklyn, William B. Newman, N. Y.

4 John Vanderbeck, N. Y. City, 6 Gustavus W. Smith, N. Y. City,

City, 8

39 Jacob R. Telfair, Staten Island, 40 Edwin Gates, Brooklyn, Edward M.L. Ehlers, N. Y.City, 42 Wm. L. Sage, Boston, Mass., 43 William S. Patterson, N. Y. City, 44 John N. Macomb, Jr., Branchport 45 Augustus W. Peters, N. Y. City, 46 Herman H. Russ, Albany, 47 Charles W.Toney, Staten Island, 48 Joseph B. Eakins, N. Y. City,
41

49 William D. Garrison, N. Y.City, 50 Charles H. Heyser, N. Y. City, 51 Austin C. Wood, Syracuse, 52 Samuel C. Steele, Rochester, 53 Charles P. Clark, Syracuse, 54 John B. Thacher, Albany, 55 Hiram B. Berry, Warwick, 56 George W. Fuller, Corning, 57 Willard A. Pearce, N. Y. City, 58 Thomas Gliddon, Rochester, 60 William A. Brodie, Genessee, 59 Benj. Flagler, Susp'n Bridge,

Wm. Millar, N. Y. City, 62 William J. Lawless, N. Y. City, 64 Foster Ely, Bridgefield, Conn. 63 Albert Becker, Jr., Syracuse, 66 Charles S. Ward, N. Y. City, 65 Wayland Trask, Brooklyn, 67 John W. Richardson, Brooklyn, 68 Joseph P, Abel, Brooklyn, 70 Frank R. Lawrence, N. Y. City, 69 Richard H. Parker, Syracuse,
61 George
71

Hiram W. Plumb, Syracuse,

73
75

Edmund

L. Judson, Albany,

George McGown, Palmyra,

James F. Ferguson, Cent'l. Valley 74 William E. Fitch, Albany, 76 Simon V. McDowell, Rochester,
72

77

79 81 George H. Clarke, Rochester, 83

Edwin A. Thrall, Brooklyn, James McGee, Brooklyn,

78 Sydney F. Walker, Brooklyn, 80 George H. Fitzwilson, N. Y. City,

82 Warren C. Hubbard, Brooklyn, Edward F.Jones, Binghampton, 84 Byron S. Frisbie, Utica,

85 Frederic A. Benson, Bingh'pton 86 Daniel L. MacLellan, N. Y. City, 87 John F. Shafer, Menands.Alb'ny 88 Thomas R. Lombard, N. Y. City.

78

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE

NEW
JERSEY.
2 G. B. Edwards, Jersey City H'ts, 4 William W. Goodwin, Camden,

George Tucker, Hoboken, 3 Otis H. Tiffany, N. Y. City,

I

5 Charles Bechtel, Trenton,

6
10

George Scott, Paterson, 9 George W. Steed, Camden,

7

8 Jerome B. Borden,

M. Higginbotham, Jersey City, New Brun&'wck Edward Mills, Camden.

PENNSYLVANIA.
i

Alex. M. Pollock, Pittsburg,

3
5
7

9
ii

13 15 Ed. S. 17

John Vallerchamp, Harrisburg, 4 Christian F. Knapp, Bloomsburg, 6 Townsend S. Hunn, N. Y. City, Isaac D. Lutz, Harrisburg, Chas. H. Kingston, Philadelphia, 8 Calvin L. Stowell, Rochester, N.Y. Thomas R. Davis, Philadelphia, 10 Charles R. Earley, Ridgeway, William H. Egle, Harrisburg, 12 Mark R. Muckle, Philadelphia, Thomas R. Putton, Philadelphia, 14 John Sartain, Philadelphia,

Sydney Hayden, Athens,

Wyckoff, Philadelphia,

16 18

Henry

Sartain, Philadelphia,

19 21

James H. Hopkins, Pittsburg, James S. Barber, Pittsburg,

23
25

27

29
31

George E. Ridgeway, Franklin, 20 Benjamin B. Hill, St. Petersburg Charles W. Batchelor, Pittsbnrg, 22 DeWitt C. Carroll, Pittsburg, Franklin Garrigues, Phila., 24 George P. Balmain, Pittsburg, 26 Samuel J. Dickey, Philadelphia, Joseph Eichbaum, Pittsbug, 28 William B. Meredith, Kittanuing, Henry R. Coulomb, Phila., 30 EHphalet O. Lyte, Millersville, John M. Clapp, Tidioute,

>

George W. Guthrie, Pittsburg, 33 Charles K. Francis, Phila., 35 B. E. Lehman, Bethlehem,

37 V. N. Shaffer, Phoenixville,

Frank Knight, Philadelphia, Cummings, Mauch Chunk, 36 Edwin G. Martin, Allentown,

32 J.

34 C. H.

39 Samuel
41

W. Wray,

38 Joshua L. Lyte, Lancaster. Philadelphia, 40 Matthias H. Henderson, Sharon,

John B. Arnold, Aurora, 111., 45 Samuel B. Kennedy, Erie,

43

42 44 46 47 Benjamin Darlington, Pittsburg, 48

Slack, Alleghany City,

W. H.

James Kerr, Jr., Pittsburg, Joel S. Eaby, Lancaster, Charles C. Baer, Pittsburg,
Caleb C. Thompson, Warren.

OHIO.
i

John

C. Bell, Cincinnati,

Wm. M.

Cunningham, Newark,

3 George Hoadley, Cincinnati,

5

7 Apollos ii J.

Charles C. Keifer, Urbana, M. Ross, Cincinnati,

4 Charles A. Woodward, Cleveland, 6 James S. Totten, Lebanon, 8 Alex. B. Huston, Cincinnati,

10
12

9 Henry C. Urner, Cincinnati, Burton Parsons, Cleveland,

Max. J. Mack, Cincinnati,

Wm.

P. Wiltsee, Cincinnati,

13 Stith
15

M.

Sullivan, Dayton,

Sheldon Sickles, Cleveland, 17 Charles A. Collins, Akron, 19 W. L. Buechner, Youngstown,

21

14 Benjamin F. Rees, Columbus, 16 Charles E. Bliven, Toledo,

18 Gabriel B.

Harman, Dayton,

23
27

Andrew Nemback, Cincinnati, Henry H. Tatem, Cincinnati,

George W. Hart, Toledo,

20 Theodore B. Gordon, Columbus, 22 George R. Sage, Cincinnati, 24 E. S. Whitaker, Garretsville, 26 Henry W. Bigelow, Toledo,
28

25 Eli Fasold, Dayton,

John D.

Caldwell, Cincinnati,

A.

&

A.

S.

KITE OF FREEMASONRY.
30 Alex. G. Patton, Columbus,
32

79

29 David N. Kinsman, Columbus,

31 Martin J. Houck, Dayton, 33 Alex. F. Vance, Jr., Urbana,

John W. Chamberlin,

Tiffin,

34 Robert V.

35 Calvin Halladay, Lima, 36 37 William B. Melish, Cincinnati, 38 Sam Briggs, Cleveland, 39 David C. Winegarner, Newark, 40 William Shepard, Columbus, 41 Eben J. Cutler, Cleveland, 42 Edward D. Page, Cleveland, 44 Frederick W. Pelton, Cleveland, 43 Robert Gwynn, Cincinnati.

Hampson, Salem, Joseph KcK. Goodspeed, Athens,

45 William 49
51

47 Huntingtou Brown, Mansfield,

53 55 57

59
61

63
65

67

46 David L. King, Akron, 48 Sidney Moore, Delaware, 50 John T. Harris, Columbus, Joseph H. Dunn, Columbus, C. W. Chamberlain, Dayton, 52 Edward W. Matthews, Cambridge, Clarence E. Armstrong, Toledo, 54 Barton Smith, Toledo, 56 Charles H. Flack, Cincinnati, Joseph A. Stipp, Toledo, William Michie, Cincinnati, 58 Charles H. Tucker, Cleveland, Charles E. Stanley, Cleveland, 60 Samuel S. Williams, Newark, 62 John W. Parsons, Springfield, Otho L. Hayes, Galion, Allen Jeffers, Dayton, 64 Orestes A. B. Lenter, Columbus, 66 Fred A. Morse, Cleveland, James A. Collins, Cincinnati, 68 John N. Bell, Dayton, LaFayette Lyttle, Toledo, 69 Levi C. Goodale, Cincinnati.
J.

Akers, Cleveland.

INDIANA.
2 George H. Fish, N. Y. City, I James W. Hess, Indianapolis, 3 Nathaniel F. Bonsall, New Albany, 4 Joseph W. Smith, Indianapolis, " 6 Gilbert W. Davis, | 5 Henry G. Thayer, Plymouth,

7 Chas. E. Wright, Indianapolis,

8 Martin H. Rice,

"

9 Sydney
ii

W.

Douglas, Evansville, 10 Jacob

12

W.

Smith,

Walter Vail, Michigan City, 13 William J. Robie, Richmond, 15 Byion K. Elliott, Indianapolis.
17

John L.

Butler, Vincennes,

14 Austin H. Brown, Indianapolis-, 16 John T. Brush,

18 Bruce Carr,

Henry

C.

Adams,

"

19 Thos. S. McKiiiley, Crawfordsv., 20 22 21 Samuel A. Wilson, Muncie.

Samuel B. Sweet, Fort Wayne, William Hacker, Shelby ville,

25

H. Smythe, Indianapolis, 24 Cyrill B. Cole, Seymour, 26 Robert Van Valsah, Te.rre Haute Craft, Terre Haute, 28 James B. Safford, Columbus, 27 Joseph L. Smith, Richmond, 29 Roscoe O.Hawkins, Indianapolis, 30 Mortimer Nye, La Porte,
23

Wm.

John W.

Thomas B. Long, Terre Haute, 32 Henry A. Moyer, Kendallville, 33 Jos. A. Manning, Michigan City, 34 George W. Pixley, Fort Wayne, 36 Geo. E. Farrington, Terre Haute, 35 William Geake, Fort Wayne,
31

37 Jacob D. Leighty, St. Joe.

William H. Turner, Chicago,

3 5
7

Enoch

B. Stevens,

"

2 Henry C. Ranney, Chicago, 4 William H. Gale,

Benjamin F. Patrick, " Alden C. Millard,

"

James H.

Field,

8 Loyal L.

Munn,

Freeport,

8o

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE

10

13 15 17

9 Eugene B. Myers, Chicago, ii Horatius N. Hurlburt, " "

Wiley M. Eagan, Chicago,

12 Jacob

W.

Brewer,

Monmouth,

19 21 Jacob

Warner G. Purdy, Henry H. Getty, Henry H. Pond, De Witt C. Creiger,

" "
"

14 Fred A. Wheeler, Baltimore, Md., 16 James H. McVicker, Chicago,

" 18 Gilbert W. Barnard, 20 James A. Hawley, Dixon,

W.

Skinkle,

"

22

23 Jonathan A. Allen, 25 Haswell C. Clark, Kankakee,

"

Amos Pettibone, Chicago, " 29 Edgar P. Tobey 31 James Bannister, Peoria,

27

John O'Neil, Chicago, " 24 James B. Bradwell, " 26 John McLaren, " 28 Alfred
Russell,

33 Robert M. Johnson, Chicago,

Edward C. Page, Ashley, 37 Charles F. Hitchcock, Peoria, 39 Lloyd D. Richardson, Chicago,

35
41

Wm.

John P. Nowell, Danville, Lee Roy Milligan, Ottaway,42 George M. Moulton, Chicago,
44 46 48 50
Isaac C. Edwards, Peoria, Charles K. Herrick, Chicago,

30 32 34 36 38 40

James E. Church,

"

Geo. R. McClellan, William E. Poulson, "

"

John M. Pearson, Godfrey,

De Laskie

Miller, Chicago,

EHakim R. Bliss, Chicago, " 45 George W. Warvelle Charles F. Gunther, " 47

43

Edward S. Mulliner, Quincy, Michael Stoskopf, Freeport, 49 Joseph M. Bailey, Freeport, 51 Eug. Le Compte Stocker, Cent'a, 52 Joseph Spies, Chicago, 54 George W. Curtis, Peoria. 53 Norman T. Cassette, Chicago,
MICHIGAN.
i

John D. Jennings, Grand Rapids,

3 William P. Innes,

H. Putnam, Hudson, Augustus B. Taber, Detroit, 9 Richard A. Bury, Adrian, II Osias W. Shipman, Detroit, " 13 Benjamin F. Haxton, " Darius D. Thorp, 15 17 Daniel Striker, Hastings,
5 Charles
7

2 William Corbin, Adrian, 4 Charles H. Brown, Grand Rapids, 6 James Trenton, Detroit, 8 Andrew J. Kellogg, "

lo Charles T. Hills, Muskegon, 12 Perriu V. Fox, Grand Rapids, " 14 Henry F. Hastings,

16

William H. Baxter, Detroit,

19
21

23
25

27

Frank Henderson, Kalamazoo, Charles M. Wheeler, Marquette, 20 Charles H. Pomeroy, Bay City, Richard D. Swartout, Gr. Rapids, 22 John B. Corliss, Detroit, Nicholas Coulson, Detroit, 24 M. Howard Chamberlain, Detroit, 26 Francis M. Moore, Marquette, Frank O. Gilbert, Bay City, " 28 Wm. C. Maybury, Detroit, Edgar M. Sharp,
18

29 Joseph H. Steele, Sault Ste Marie.

WISCONSIN.
i

Melvin L. Youngs, Milwaukee,

William T. Palmer, Milwaukee,

"

3
5
7

Samuel

F. Greely, Chicago,

111.,

Wm.

T. Galloway,
J. Haisler,

Eau

Claire,

4 Jared W. Crippen, 6 Francis M. Wilkinson,

8 Fred L10

Michael

Milwaukee,
"

Von

9 Charles D. Rogers,
ii Geo. H. Beezenberg,

Henry

S.

Suessmilch, Delevan, Bracken, Milwaukee,

"

12

Wm.

H. Brazier,

A.

&

A.

S.

RITE OF FREEMASONRY.
Francis

81

13 Oliver Libbey,

15

17 19 21

Green Bay, 14 Jerome A. Watrous, Milwaukee, 16 Edward J. Stark, 18 Nathan B. Rundle, Eau Claire, 20

Homer

S.

J. Crosby, Milwaukee, Sidney H. Cole, EliasG. Jackson, Oshkosh, Samuel S. Fifield, Ashland, 22 Joel W. Bingham, Milwaukee, Goss, Portage, 23 Matthias R. Teegarden, Racine City.

^onoravij
1

lit ember*.
Francisco, Cal.
"

James

C.

L,.

Wads worth ...................................... San

William

Filnier, .................................................

Harmon

G. Reynolds ........................................ Blue Rapids, Kansas

Subordinate Bodies.
.

y. U.

32.

MAINE .................................................................. Portland, Maine EDWARD A. RAYMOND .............................. Nashua, New Hampshire VERMONT ........................... ........................... Burlington, Vermont

4 MASSACHUSETTS ............................................. Boston, Massachusetts

5

RHODE ISLAND ........................................ Providence, Rhode

CONNECTICUT SOVEREIGN ................................. Norwich,

Island
"

6 LAFAYETTE ................................................ Bridgeport, Connecticut

7

8 9 10
11

ALBANY ............................................................. Albany, New York " NEW YORK CITY ..................................... New York City, " CENTRAL .......................................................... Syracuse,
OTSENINGO ................................................ Binghampton, ROCHESTER .................................................... Rochester, CORNING ........................................................... Corning.
"

12 13
14
15

" " "

AURORA GRATA ................................................ Brooklyn,

NEW JERSEY ..............................................Jersey

City,

New Jersey

16
17

EXCELSIOR ...................................................... Camden,

18 19

PENNSYLVANIA ......................................... Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania PHILADELPHIA ................................... ....Philadelphia, HARRISBURG ............................................. Harrisburg,

20
21

22
23

24
25

CALDWELL ............................................... Bloomsburg, KEYSTONE ................................................... Scranton, MICHIGAN ........................................................... Detroit, Michigan " DE WITT CLINTON .................................... Grand Rapids, OHIO ..................................................................... Cincinnati, Ohio NORTHERN OHIO ................................................... Cleveland,

INDIANA ..................................................... Indianapolis, Indiana ORIENTAL ............................................................. Chicago, Illinois " 28 QUINCY .................................................................. Quincy,
26
27

29

FREEPORT ............................................................ Freeport,

30 PEORIA ................................................................. Peoria, Wisconsin 31 WISCONSIN ....... ............................................ Milwaukee, Total No. of Members of 32, 12,850. Average, 414^'

82

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE

,

18,

4
5

6
7

8 9
10
11

12 13 14 15

16
17

DUNLAP .............................................................. Portland, Maine BANGOR ................................................................ Bangor, Maine ST. GEORGE ........................................... Nashua, New Hampshire NEW HAMPSHIRE ................... ........... Portsmouth, DELTA .......................................................... Burlington, Vermont MOUNT CALVARY ......................................... Lowell, Massachusetts " MOUNT OLIVET ............................................. Boston, LAWRENCE ................................................ Worcester, RHODE ISLAND ....................................... Providence, Rhode Island PEQUONNOCK ............................................. Bridgeport, Connecticut NORWICH ....................................................... Norwich, NEW HAVEN ........................................... New Haven, ALBANY ........................................................... Albany, New York " NEW YORK CITY ................................. New York City, " CITY ............................................. Syracuse, CENTRAL " AURORA GRATA ............................................. Brooklyn,
.

18
19

OTSENINGO ............................................. Binghampton, ROCHESTER .................................................. Rochester, CORNING ......................................................... Corning,

" " "

20
21

DELTA ................................................................ Troy,

YAH-NUN-DAH-SIS ............................................... Utica,

"

" Jersey

22 23

TRENTON ...................................................... Trenton, New

JERSEY CITY ............................................. Jersey City, EXCELSIOR ................................................... Cauiden,

24
25

ADONIRAM .................................. ................ Paterson,

OLIVET ............................................. New Brunswick, PITTSBURGH ............................................ Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

26
27 28

29

KILWINNING .............................................................. Philadelphia HARRISBURG ........................................ Harrisburg,

30
31

EVERGREEN ......................................... Bloomsburg, Pennsylvania KEYSTONE ................................................ Scranton,

32

MOUNT OLIVET .................................................. Detroit, Michigan " ROBINSON ................................................ Grand Rapids, " ............................................. Bay City, 34 SAGINAW VALLEY " 35 PENINSULA .................................................... Marquette,
33

36 37 38 39 40
41 42 43

CINCINNATI ......................................................... Cincinnati,*Ohio

ARIEL .................................................................. Cleveland, COLUMBUS ............................................................ Columbus,

DAYTON ..................................... ............................. Dayton, CAMBRIDGE ......................................................... Cambridge, FORT INDUSTRY ........................................................ Toledo,
INDIANAPOLIS ..................................... .......... Indianapolis, Indiana

PEORIA .................................................................. Peoria,

Illinois

44 45 46 47

GOURGAS ............................................................. Chicago, QUINCY ................................................................. Quincy, FREEPORT .......................................................... Freeport,

WISCONSIN ...................................
Total No. of
.

"

..............

Members

Milwaukee, Wisconsin 12,764, Average 271^

A.

&

A.

S.

RITE OF FREEMASONRY.

83

Council* of tyvince* of $*jru0aUmt, 16.

1

PORTLAND AUBURN
PALESTINE GRAND COUNCIL
Portsmouth, Nashua,

Portland,

Maine
" "

Auburn,
Bangor,
'

4
5 6
7

ORIENTAL JOSEPH W. ROBY MOUNT CALVARY

New Hampshire "

"

Burlington, Vermont
" Montpelier, Lowell, Massachusetts " Boston,
Springfield,
" "

8
9
10
11

LOWELL
GILES F. YATES MASSASOIT

12 13

14
15

GODDARD RHODE ISLAND WASHINGTON VAN RENSSELAER

Worcester,
Providence,

Rhode Island
"

Bridgeport, Connecticut

ELM

CITY

New

Norwich, Haven,
Albany,

"
"

16
17

HARTFORD

Hartford,

18
19

GRAND COUNCIL NEW YORK CITY

CENTRAL AURORA GRATA OTSENINGO ROCHESTER CORNING PALMONI DELTA
YAH-NUN-DAH-SIS

New York
"

New York

City,

Syracuse,

20
21

Brooklyn,

Binghampton,
Rochester,

22

23 24
25

Corning,
Buffalo,

Troy,
Utica,

26
27 28

" " " " " " " "

MERCER

Trenton,

New Jersey

EXCELSIOR 29 JERSEY CITY

30
31

Camden,
Jersey City,
Patterson,

32 33

ADONIRAM ZERUBBABEL PENNSYLVANIA

New

Brunswick,

Pittsburg, Pennsylvania

DE JOINVILLE
HARRISBURG ZERUBBABEL KEYSTONE CARSON CYRUS BAY CITY LAKE SUPERIOR DALCHO CAMBRIDGE
BAHI-RIM

Philadelphia,

34 35 36 37 38 39 40
41

Harrisburg,

Bloomsburg,
Scranton,
Detroit,

Michigan

Grand Rapids, Bay City,

'

Marquette,
!7.

Cincinnati,

Ohio
'
'

42

Cambridge,
Cleveland,

43 44
45

FRANKLIN MIAMI

Columbus, Dayton,
Toledo,

'

'

46

NORTHERN LIGHT

"

84
47

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE

SERAIAH DARIUS CHICAGO PEORIA QUINCY FREEPORT
WISCONSIN
Indianapolis, Indiana

48 49 50
51
52

Fort Wayne, Chicago, Illinois

"

Peoria,
"

Quincy,
"
.

Freeport,

53

Milwaukee, Wisconsin Total No. of Members 16, 13,290, Average, 250%.

|0&0e0
YATES LEWISTON 3 EASTERN STAR 4 INEFFABLE
1

of -perfection,

14.
Portland, Maine

Lewiston,

"

Bangor,

6
7 8

9 10
11

AARON P. HUGHES HASWELL WINDSOR GAMALIEL WASHBURNE BENNINGTON

MIZPAH BOSTON

Portsmouth, Nashua,

New Hampshire
"

Burlington,

Vermont

Windsor,
Montpelier,

Bennington, St. Johnsbury, Boston, Massachusetts

Lowell,
Boston, Worcester, Salem,
Springfield,

12 13

LOWELL

LAFAYETTE 14 WORCESTER 15 SUTTON 16 EVENING STAR 17 SOLOMON'S 18 VAN RENSSELAER 19 DE WiTT CLINTON 20 KING SOLOMON 21 CHARTER OAK 22 E. G. STORER 23 INEFFABLE
24 25 26
27 28

Providence,

Rhode

Island

Newport,
Bridgeport, Connecticut

Norwich,
Hartford,

New

Haven, Albany,
City,

NEW YORK

CITY CENTRAL CITY

New York

New York New York

"

Syracuse,

AURORA GRATA

Brooklyn,

"
"
"

OTSENINGO ROCHESTER 29 CORNING 30 PALMONI, DELTA 31 32 YAH-NUN-DAH-STS

33

Binghampton,
Rochester,
Corning,
Buffalo,

"

" "
" "

Troy,
Utica,

34
35

GERMANIA LOCK CITY

ST.

Rochester,

Lockport,

"
"

36 37

WATERTOWN LAWRENCK NORTHERN SIAR

Watertown,
Potsdam,
Plattsburgh,

"

"

A.
38
39

&

A.

S.

RITE OF FREEMASONRY.
Trenton,

85

MERCER

New Jersey
"
"

JERSEY CITY 40 EXCELSIOR 41 New BRUNSWICK

42 43

Jersey City, Cainden,

New

Brunswick,
Paterson,

"

ADONIRAM GOURGAS
PHILADELPHIA HARRISBURG

"
"

Pittsburg,

Pennsylvania
"

44 45 46 47 48 49 50
51

Philadelphia,

Harrisburg,

ENOCH
LANCASTER KEYSTONE PRESQUE ISLE

Bloomsourg,
Lancaster,

" "
"

Scranton,
Erie,

"
"

TOWANDA
CARSON

Towanda,
Detroit,

Michigan
"

52

MORIAH
DETROIT

Grand Rapids,
Detroit,

53

54
55

McCoRMiCK MARQUETTE
GiBULr.M

BayCity, M?rquette,
Cincinnati,

" " "

56 57 58 59 60
61

Ohio
" "

CAMBRIDGE ELIADAH

Cambridge,
Cleveland,

ENOCH
GABRIEI MI-A-MI

Columbus, Dayton,
:

"

"
"

62

63 64
65 66

ADONIRAM FORT WAYNE

Toledo, Indiana Indianapolis, Fort \Vavne, "

VAN RENSSELAER
QUINCY FREEPORT

Chicago,

Illinois

Quincy,
Freeport,
Peoria,

" "

67 68

CENTRAL Cnv
WISCONSIN
Total number of

"

Milwaukee,

Wisconsin
1-7.

members of 14,

15,378,

Average, 226

ORAND BODIKS
OF THE

Jlncfenf ant JtocEpf tfb

Hn
BBlaitons of jftmihj
for
ifjE
toitfj

;c
33,

RECOGNIZED BY AND
fyt ^uprEtne (Eorincils,

^ou{I;ern anb Borffjern Hurisbiciions

tljE

of

Hnticb ^iatss of JRmertca, AND THE

of

Jfl.

W. Grand

Lodge

free and j^eeepted

of

J^asons

of

the

State

Galifornia.

mmcil, 33,f0r
Louis PROAL, Paris, EMMANUEL ARAGO, Paris, JEAN BAPTISTS BAGARY,

EUGENE BERARD,

M.P.Sov. Gr. Commander Lieut. Grand Commander Secretary General, H. E. Grand Chancellor and of the Seals

GRAND REPRESENTATIVES OK AND TO THE SUPREME COUNCILS OF THE

SOUTHERN AND NORTHERN JURISDICTIONS OF THE UNITED
STATES
OF.

AMERICA, RESPECTIVELY.

EUGENE BERARD, (S) MAURICE SCHWA LB, (N)

ACHILLE REGULUS MOREL,
(S)
:

ANTHONY EUGENE STOCKER,

(N)

Oakland, California Philadelphia, Penn.

Address of the Secretariat, Grand Chancellor and 42 Rne Rochechouart, Paris Secretary General,

Council, 33, for (JBn^lanfc,

of
H. R. H. ALBERT EDWARD, PRINCE OF WALES, K. G. 33
P. Sov.

$lUrtlesr

THE EARL OF LATHAM, ........................... M.

GRAND PATRON Grand Commander CAPT. NATHANIEL GEORGE PHILLIPS, ............ Lieut. Grand Commander LIEUT. COL. SHADWELL H. CLERKE, ............... Grand Secretary General HUGH DAVID SANDEMAN,. ...Grand Secretary of Foreign Correspondence

A.

&

A.

S.

RITE OF FREEMASONRY.

87

GRAND REPRESENTATIVES OF AND TO THE SUPREME COUNCIL,

33 FOR THE SOUTHERN AND NORTHERN JURISDICTIONS OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. CAPT. NATHANIEL GEORGE PHILLIPS, (S. and N.) 33 Golden Square

London.

THEODORE SUTTON PARVIN, (S) CLINTON FREEMAN PAIGE, (N)

Address of the Secretariat,

Iowa

City,

Iowa

Binghampton, New York 33 Golden Square, London

Council,
FRANCIS ROBERT
ST.

33,

for

CLAIR ERSKINE, Earl of Rosslyn, M. P. Sov. Grand Commander Lieut. Grand Commander EARL OF MAR AND KELLIE, Grand Secretary General, H. E. LINDSAY MACKERSV

GRAND REPRESENTATIVES OF AND TO THE SUPREME COUNCILS OF THE SOUTHERN AND NORTHERN JURISDICTIONS OF THE
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.

EARL OF KINTORE, (S) FRANCIS ROBERT ST. CLAIR ERSKINE, EARLOF ROSSLYN, (N) Edinburg
NATHANIEL LEVIN, (S) CHARLES LEYI WOODBURY,
(N)
Charleston, South Carolina Boston, Mass.

Address of the Secretariat,

No. 381. David

Street,

Edinburg

Council,

33,

for |rclanfc.

M. P. Sov. Grand Commander JOHN FITZHENRY TOWNSEND Lieut. Grand Commander RIGHT HON. HEDGES EYRE CHATTERTON Grand Secretary General, H. E. E. W. MAUNSELLI GRAND REPRESENTATIVES OF AND TO THE SUPREME COUNCILS FOR THE SOUTHERN AND NORTHERN JURISDICTIONS OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.

JOHN FITZHENRY TOWNSEND E. W. MAUNSELLI (N) FREDERICK WEBBER (S) BENJAMIN DEAN ^N)

(S)

Dublin
"
Louisville,
'.

Kentucky

Boston, Mass.
Street, Dublin.

Address of the Secretariat, No. 30 Upper Fitzwillian

^ntpremc Council, 33, for gelgittm.

PIERRE VAN HUMBECK DR. JEAN CROCQ GUSTAV WASHER
V. P. Sov. Lieut.

Grand

Chancellor,

Grand Commander Grand Commander Secretary General. H. E.

COUNCILS FOR THE

GRAND REPRESENTATIVES OF AND TO THE SUPREME

SOUTHERN AND NORTHERN JURISDICTIONS OFTHE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.

GUSTAV WASHER, (Sand
N.)
114

Address of the Secretariat,

Avenue Louise, Bruxelles

88

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE

F.

REPRESENTATIVES OF AND TO THE M. W. GRAND LODGE OF OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA.

&

A.

M.

GUSTAVE JOTTRAND ALEXANDER G. ABELL

Brussels

San Francisco, California

mtnctl,

88,

tor

MANUEL LLANO Y PERSE JUAN UTOR Y FERNANDEZ,

M. P. Sov. Grand Commander Grand Secretary General, H. E.

GRAND REPRESENTATIVES OF AND TO THE SUPREME COUNCILS OF THE SOUTHERN AND NORTHERN JURISDICTIONS OF THE
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.

JUAN UTOR Y FERNANDEZ,

(S)

Vacant.
Cincinnati,
\V.

ENOCH

T.

CARSON, (N)

Ohio

GRAND REPRESENTATIVES OF AND TO THE M.

F.

GRAND LODGE OF
Madrid San Francisco, Cal.

&

A. M.,

OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA.

JULIO FERNANDEZ ESPINA, ALEXANDER G. ABELL,

vient 3u&itana

Ittnifro

gwpremo (ftonselhcr,

33,

AUGOSTO SEBASTIAO DE CASTRO GUEDES, M. P. Sov. Grand Commander GENERAL VICONDE DE FARO, ........................ Lieut. Grand Commander EDUARDO AMOROUS, ............................ Grand Secretary General, H. E.

GRAND REPRESENTATIVES OF AND TO THE SUPREME COUNCILS, THE SOUTHERN AND NORTHERN JURISDICTIONS OF
THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.

33

FOR

REV. THOMAS GODFREY P. POPE, (S) ............ Rue de Estreila 4, Lisbon DR. ANTONIO M. DA CUNHA BELLEM, (N) ................................. Lisbon
............................................................... (S)
...............................................................

Vacant.

(N) Vacant.

GRAND REPRESENTATIVES OF AND TO THE M. W. GRAND LODGE OF

F.

&

A. M.,

OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA.

P. G.

Luiz FILLIPPE DA MATTA ........................................................ Lisbon

WILLIAM CALDWELL BELCHER,

JJntco gtuprcnte
DR. TIMOTEO RIBOLI, i GIORGIO TAMJO. j ADRIANO LEMMI,

....................... Marysville,

Cal.

CxmetpUo

el

33, pev
.

SEDENIEIN ROME. Crand Comntandfrs Hon ad

J\I.

-,,,.

P.

Grand Commander

A.

&A.S. KITE OF FREEMASONRY.

Lieut.

89

COL. GIOVANNI CECCONI, PROF. GIOVANNI BOBIO,

TEOFILO GAY, CESARE COREA, LUIGI ORLANDO, MARCHESE BENJAMINO PANDOLFI, ALESANDRO PALUMBO, COL. EDOARDO DE BARTOLOMEIS,

Grand Commander Grand Minister of State Grand Secretary Chancellor Grand Treasurer Almoner Grand Keeper of Seals Grand Standard Beater Grand Master of Ceremonies Grand Captain of the Guards

REPRESENTATIVES OF AND TO THE SUPREME COUNCIL FOR THE NORTHERN AND SOUTHERN JURISDICTIONS OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. TIMOTEO RIBOLI, (S) 29 via: Accadeiuia Albertiua, Torino, Italia Rome TEOFILO GAY OoELL SQUIRE LONG,(S) Wheeling, West Virginia SAMUEL C. LAWRENCE, (N) Boston, Mass. Rome Address of the Grand Commander
I? alley of tlje

SECTION OF THE SUPREME COUNCIL OF ITALY, FOR THE NEAPOLITAN PROVINCE.

PROF. MICHELE REUTA ALESSANDRO PALUMBO, COSMA PANUNZI,
Address of the Grand Secretary,
President of the Section

Grand Commander Grand Secretary Chancellor

Lieut.
17 Mergellina, Napoli, Italia

of

tlje

3lrno.

SECTION OF THE SUPREME COUNCIL OF ITALY, FOR THE VALLEY OP THE ARNO. SEE AT LIVORNO.

ANSELMO CARPI EDOARDO DE BARTOLOMEIS, FORTUNATO LABI,

President of the Section Vice-President

Grand Secretary

Council, 33, pour la

Louis RUCHONNET, JULES DALACRETAZ,

SEE AT LAUSANNE. M.P. Sov. Grand Commander Grand Secretary General, H.E.

GRAND REPRESENTATIVES OF AND TO THE SUPREME COUNCILS FOR THE SOUTHERN AND NORTHERN JURISDICTIONS OF
THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.

EUGENE DU LON,

(S)

REV. TH. REDARD, (N) WILLIAM OSCAR ROOME. (S) : HOSMER A.JOHNSON, (N) Address of the Grand Sectetariat,

Vevay Lausa-ne
Washington,
I).

C.

Chicago, Illinois Place du Tunnel, 9 Lausanne

90

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE

H.
ft ,

33,

xmnctl,

33,

SEE AT BUDAPEST.

GEORGE JOANNOVIES, (JOANNOVIES GYORGY) Member

of Parliament

and of the Academy of Sciences, M. P. Sov. Grand Commander ANTOINE SCHNEIDER, (SCHNEIDER ANTAL) Grand Chancellor

GRAND REPRESENTATIVES OF AND TO THE SUPREME COUNCILS, 33, FOR THE SOUTHERN AND NORTHERN JURISDICTIONS OF THE
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.
JULES ZADOR, (ZADOR GUYULA) Ministry ofJustice
(S) Counsellor in the

Royal
6,

Vaczi ut
(N) Vacant.

Budapest

JOHN COMMINGERS AINSWORTH,

(S)

Oakland, California
(N) Vacant. Vaczi Boulevard, 45 Budapest

Address of the Grand Secretariat,

T6
I'll A

TON "EAAHNIK ON 'SYMBOYAION"

TOO

Ra9iu>o\

*&nvve*ne Council,

33,

of t&veece.

SEE AT ATHENS. PRINCE DEMETRIUS RHODSCANAKJS, M. P. Sov. Grand Commander NIKOLAOS DAMASKINOS, P. Lieut. Grand Commander ANDREAS KALYVAS, Grand Secretary General, H. E.

GRAND REPRESENTATIVES OF AND TO THE SUPREME COUNCILS,

THE SOUTHERN AND NORTHERN JURISDICTIONS OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.
NIKOLA os DAMASKINOS,
(S)

33

FOR

ANDREAS KALYVAS,

(N)
(S)

Athens Athens
Vacant.
Portland,

GEORGE W. DEERING,

(N)

Maine

C&tmncil, 33, fotr SEE AT CAIRO. S. A. ZOLA M. Sov. Grand Commander FRANCESCO FERDINANDO ODDI, Grand Secretary Genetal, H. E.

GRAND REPRESENTATIVES OF AND TO THE SUPREME COUNCILS, THE SOUTHERN AND NORTHERN JURISDICTIONS OF
THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. DOCTOR ABBATE BEY, (S)
S. A.

33

FOR

Cairo
Cairo

ZOLA, (N)
(S)

CLEMENT WELLS BENNETT, DANIEL SiCKELS, (N)

New York

Washington, D. C. City, N. Y.

A.

& A.
F.

S.

RITE OF FREEMASONRY.
OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA.

91
ot^

GRAND REPRESENTATIVES OF AND TO THE M. W. GRAND LODGE

& A. M.,

FRANCISCO F. ODDI, .......................................................... Alexandria ALEX. G. ABELL, (G. S.) .......................................... San Francisco, Cal.

Council,

33,
'

for

SEE AT TUNIS. GUSTAV DESMONS, ......................... :....'...M. P. Sov. Grand Commander NICOLO S. CASSANELLO ........................ Grand Secretary General, H. E.

GRAND REPRESENTATIVES OF AND TO THE SUPREME COUNCILS, THE SOUTHERN AND NORTHERN JURISDICTIONS OF
THE UMTED STATES OF AMERICA.
COSIMO NICOLO
S.

33,

FOR

BURLIZZI, (N) ............................................................ Tunis CASSANELLO, (N) ....................................................... Tunis WILLIAM M. IRELAND, (S) ...................................... Washington, D. C.
S.

Council,

33,

for

tlje

glontinion of

SEE AT MONTREAL. JOHN VALENTINE ELLIS, St. John. N. B.. M. P. Sov. Grand Commander Lieut. Grand Commander JOHN WALTER MURTON, HUGH MURRAY, Hamilton, Ontario, Grand Secretary General, H.E^
REPRESENTATIVES OF AND TO THE SUPREME COUNCILS, FOR THE SOUTHERN AND NORTHERN JURISDICTIONS OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.

JOHN WALTER MURTON, (S) HUGH A. MACKAY, (N) FREDERICK WEBBER, (S) D. BURNH AM TRACY, (N)
oitnctl,

Hamilton, Ontario
"
Louisville,

"

Kentucky-

Detroit, Michigan.

33,

for

SEE AT THE CITY OF MEXICO. M. P. Sov. Grand Commander IGNACIO POMBO, Lieut. Grand Commander MARIANO ESCOBEDO, Grand Secretary General, H. EEUGENIO CHAVERS,

GRAND REPRESENTATIVES OF AND TO THE SUPREME COUNCILS, OF THB SOUTHERN AND NORTHERN JURLSDICTIONS OF
THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.
IGNACIO POMBO, (S) IGNACIO MARISCAL, (N) PHILLIP C. TUCKER, (Sj
Callede San Felipe Neri
7,

City of Mexico"

Galveston, Texas
(N) Vacant.

Address of the Grand Secretariat, Calle de Marique, No.

5,

City of Mexico-

92

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE

constituted, and the Supreme Council, 33 for the Southern Jurisdiction of the United States appointed DON CARLOS PACHECO as its Grand Representative to that body, which in turn appointed WILLIAM REYNOLDS SINGLETON of Washington City, p. C., as its Grand Representative to the Supreme Council, 33, for the Southern Jurisdiction of the United States.

NOTE The Supreme Council, 33, for Mexico, relinquished the control of the Symbolic Degrees when the Grand Lodge for the Federal District of Mexico was

Council of Colon, 33, for Cuba

anfc the

SEE AT HAVANA. JUANlGNACioZuAZO, Marquis de Almeras,^/. P. Sov. Grand Commander BENITO J. RIERA .........................................Lieut. Grand Commander MANUEL N. OCEJO ................................ Grand Secretary General, H.E. GRAND REPRESENTATIVES OF AND TO THE SUPREME COUNCILS, 33, FOR THE SOUTHERN AND NORTHERN JURISDICTIONS OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. MANUEL OCEJO, (S) ...... Apartado de Correos 509, 1'Habana, Isla de Cuba
...............................................................

(N) Vacant.

ALBERT PIKE, Gr. Com. (S) ..................................... Washington, D. C. ALBERT P. MOKIARTV, (N) .......... 104 Stewart Building, N Y. City, N. Y. Address of Grand Secretariat, Calle de 1'Habana 55, Habana de Cuba

33, for Central SEE AT SAN JOSE, COSTA RICA. ALP. Sov. Grand Commander GUILLERMO NANNE, Grand Secretary General, H.E. FELIX MATOS, GRAND REPRESENTATIVES TO AND FROM THE SUPREME COUNCILS, 33, FOR THE SOUTHERN AND NORTHERN JURISDICTIONS OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. San Jose, Costa Rica ALOYS K. OSBORNE, (S) Guatemala LORENZO MONTUFAR, (N) EDWIN BALDRIL.GE MACGROTTY, (S) Washington, D. C. THOMAS R. LUMBARD, (Nj 160 Broadway, New York City, N. Y.
Council,
Address of the Grand secretariat,

San Jose, Costa Rica

Cottncil, 33, for intent (Now UNI ED STATES OF COLOMBIA.)

i

Sov. Grand Commander JUAN MANUEL GRAU, Lieut. Grand Commander BENJAMIN BAENA, Grand Secretary General, H.E. CARLOS MEKLANO, GRAND REPRESENTATIVES TO AND FROM THE SUPREME COUNCILS, 33, FOR THE SOUTHERN AND NORTHERN JURISDICTIONS OF THE UNITED SPATES OF AMERICA.
(S)

SEE AT CARTAJENA. AL P.

Vacant.
Cartajena
(S)

RAFAEL HERNANDEZ,
CLINTON
F. PAIGE, (N)

(N)

Vacant. Binghatnpton,

New York

Ftate* of fJJcneiuela SEE AT CARACAS. AL P. Sov. Grand Commander GENERAL JOAQUIN CRESPO Lieut. Grand Commander DR. VICENTE AMENUAL, Grand Secretary General, H. E. JESUS MARIA MEDINA Grand Secretary RAIMUNDO I. ANDUEZA,

grupreme Council, 33, for JJniteh

A.

& A.

S.

RITE OF FREEMASONRY.
'

93

GRAND REPRESENTATIVES

TO AND FROM THE SUPREME COUNCILS FOR THE SOUTHERN AND NORTHERN JURISDICTIONS OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. EUGENE H. PLUMACHER, 33, (Sj, U. S. Consul General ........ Maracaibo
............................................................

(N) Vacant.

............................................................ (S) ............................................................ (N)

Vacant. Vacant.

JOSE DINIZ VILLASBOAS, ...................... Grand Secretary General, H. E. GUSTAVO BRAGA ......................................... Secretary General Adjunct GRAND REPRESENTATIVES TO AND FROM THE SUPREME COUNCILS, 33, FOR THE SOUTHERN AND NORTHERN JURISDICTIONS OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.
......................................................

Council, 33, for *?ra|il. VALLEY OF LAVRADIO. (SEE AT RicTjANEiRO.) Luiz ANTONIO VIEIRA DA SILVA, ........... .17. P. Sov. Grand Commander OBARAO DEJACEGUAY .......................................... Lieut. Commander

JOHN QUINCY ADAMS FELLOWS.

OF
F.

DR FRANCISCO JOSE

(S) Vacant.

CARDOZA, JR. (N) ................................. Rio Janeiro

(S) ..................................

HEMAN ELY, (N) ............................................................. Elyria, Ohio GRAND REPRESENTATIVES TO AND FROM THE M. W. GRAND LODGE

New

Orleans

&

A. M.,

OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA.

..........

RODRIGO

A.

MACHADA

REIS, ..............................

ALEXANDER

G. ABELL, 33, G.

S ................................... San Francisco

Rio de Janeiro

(Council, 33. for SEE AT MONTEVIDEO. DR CARLOS DE CASTRO, ........................... M. P. Sov. Grand Commander MIGUEL FURRIOL, ........................................ Lieut. Grand Commander JUAN M. DE LA SIERRA ......................... Grand Secretary General, H. E. BELISARIO CONRADO, ........................ Grand Secretary General Adjunct GRAND REPRESENTATIVES TO AND FROM THE SUPREME COUNCILS, 33, FOR THE SOUTHERN AND NORTHERN JURISDICTIONS OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.
.........................................
.........

JOHN MAC COLL, (N) ........................................................ Montevideo MARTIN COLLINS, (S) ............................. ............... St. Louis, Missouri
...................................................... (N)

(S) Vacant.

Vacant.

Address of the Grand Secretariat, 227 Calle Queguay, Montevideo.

33, for tlje glr0cutiue SEE AT BUENOS AYRES. DR. JUAN M. LASSEN .............................. M. P. Sov. Grand Commander OTTO E. RECKE ................................... Grand Secretary General, H. E. GRAND REPRESENTATIVES TO AND FROM THE SUPREME COUNCILS, 33, FOR THE SOUTHERN AND NORTHERN JURISDICTIONS OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.
ottucil,
...............................................................

(S; Vacant.

OTTO

E.

RECKE, (N) ........................................................ Buenos Ayres

Vacant. (N) Vacant. Address of the Grand Secretariat, Calle Congailo, 540, Buenos Ayre s REPRESENTATIVES TO AND FROM THE M. W. GRAND LODGE OF F. & A.
............................................................... (S)

..............................................................

M. OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA. ESTEVAN GUABELLO ......................................................... Buenos Ayres WILLIAM CALDWELL BELCHER, P. G. M ........................ Marysville, Cal.

94

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE

Council 33,
fotr

SEE AT LIMA. FRANCISCO JAVIER MANATAGUI .............. M. P. Sov. Grand Commander JTJAN SANCHEZ SILVA .................................... Lieut. Grand Commander JUAN MEYANS .................................... Grand Secretary General, H. GRAND REPRESENTATIVES TO AND FROM THE SUPREME COUNCILS, 33,. FOR THE SOUTHERN AND NORTHERN JURISDICTIONS OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.
.............................................................

(S)

Vacant.

RICARDO H. HARTLEY, (N) ........................................................ Lima

............................................................. (S)

............................................................

Address of the Grand Commander,

Vacant. (N) Vacant. Calle de Milagro, No. 130,

Lima

(lumncU,
J.

33,

for

SEE AT VALPARAISO.
H. PLUNKET BONCHIER

M.P. Sov. Grand Commander Grand Secretary General, H. GRAND REPRESENTATIVES TO AND FROM THE SUPREME COUNCIL, 33, FOR THE SOUTHERN AND NORTHERN JURISDICTIONS OF THE UMTED STATES OF AMERICA.
.

DE MERINO BENVENTE

(S)

Vacant.
....Valparaiso

GEORGE H. KENDALL,
CHARLES W. CARTER,

(N)
(S)

Vacant.

(N)

Norwich, Conn.

ran** |ooge of ginreoen tmo SEE AT STOCKHOLM. His MAJESTY OSCAR II .......................... ........................ Grand Master A. HJELMSTIERNA ...................................................... Grand Secretary GRAND REPRESENTATIVES TO AND FROM THE SUPREME COUNCILS, 33, OF THE SOUTHERN JURISDICTION OF THE UNITED
:

STATES OF AMERICA.

KAPTIN JACOB TRINDOLF THORSSELL ................................... Stockholm JAMES CUNNINGHAM BATCHELOR ..................... New Orleans, Louisiana

(JSrcmo googe of SEE AT COPENHAGEN.

Grand Master Grand Secretary GRAND REPRESENTATIVE TO AND FROM THE SUPREME COUNCIL, 33 FOR THE SOUTHERN JURISDICTION OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.
.................................... . ..............................................
................................... , .............................................
.................. ...............................................
'.

Vacant

JOHN MILLS BROWNE, Surgeon General

U. S. Navy.... Washington, D. C.

of the ^eoeral glt&trict of (AT THE CITY OF MEXICO.) JOSE DE LA PAZ ALVAREZ ............................................... Grand Master FRANCISCO P. MONTES DE OCA .................................... Grand Secretary GRAND REPRESENTATIVES TO AND FROM THE SUPREME COUNCIL, 33, FOR THE SOUTHERN JURISDICTION OF THE UNITED STATES
OF AMERICA. CARLOS PACHECO ........................................................ City of Mexico WILLIAM REYNOLDS SINGLETON ............................... Washington, D. C.

ROLL
OF

OFFICERS AND MEMBERS

OF

t
FOR

IMeran
TWELFTH YEAR,
1889-90.

OK THE PACIFIC COAST,

ITS

W. WILLIAM S. Moses, P. M. 32, ............ San Francisco, Cal., President W. THOMAS G .LAMBERT, P. M. K. T ....... Monterey, Cal., ist Vice-Pres* W. ORRIN W. HOLLENBECK, P. M.R. A ....... Auburn, Cal., 2d Vice-PresM. W. CHRISTOPHER TAYLOR, 33, G. M. G. C. K. T.
Vice-President for Oregon

M. W. Louis ZEIGLER, 33,

P. G.

M.

P. G.

H.

P.,

Vice-President for State of Washington M. W. HARRY R. COMLY, 33, P. G. M. K. T ...... Vice-Pres. for Montana " LAWRENCE N. GREENLEAF, 33, P. G. M. K. T.,

W. WILLIAM S. PHELPS, P. M ............... San Francisco, Cal., Treasurer W. CHARLES H. HAILE, 14, P; M ................. Alameda, Cal., Marshal W. OSGOOD C. WHEELER, P. M. K. T ..... ........ Oakland, Cal., Chaplain *BERNARD F. STROMBERG, 30 .............................. Oakland, Cal., Tiler
.

" " M. W. JAMES LOWE, 32, P. G. M. E. C. K. T... Utah " " W. ALEX. D. ROCK, P. M. R. A ....................... Nevada W. JOSEPH V. COWAN, P. M ..................... Vice-Pres. for New Mr.\-i<:o " " Arizona W. ALEX. G. OLIVER, P. M., G. H. P. K. T. W. M. EDWIN A. SHERMAN, 33, ..................... Oakland, Cal., Secretary
'

Vice-Pres. for Colorado

W. COLUMBUS WATERHOUSE, 33, P. M. P. E. C. K. T ............ S. F., SAMUEL SWIFT, Tc. T .................................................... Oakland, JAMKS M. MCDONALD, 32, P. G. Tr. K. T ............... San Francisco, M. W. LEONIDAS E. PRATT, 32, P. G. M. P. G. H. P., K. T.,
W. WASHINGTON AYER, 32, P. M ........................ ROBERT H. LUCAS, R. A .......................................
"
"

Cal. "
"

(deceased) ...................................................... San Francisco, Cal.

W.JAMES

L.

COGSWELL,

P.

M. R. A .....................

"

"

96

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE

*W. FREDERICK WEBBER, 33,

P. M., Secretary General, S. C.S.J.,

Washington, D. C.

*EDWIN B. SPINNEY, 14, K. T ......................................... Boston, Mass. *W. WILLIAM E. STEUART, P. M ........................... Baltimore, Maryland *M. W. JAMES C. BATCHELOR, 33, P. G. M., Grand Secretary of the Grand Lodge of Louisiana, New Orleans, Louisiana

CALIFORNIA.

*M. W.

P. G. "

" "
"

M. JONATHAN DRAKE STEVENSON, R. A ...... San Francisco JOHN ASHBY TuTT ......................................... Madison
BENJ. DANIEL HYAM ....................... Washington, D. C. NATHANIEL GREEN CURTIS, K. T .............. Sacramento WM. CALDWELL BELCHER, 32, K. T ............ Marysville GILBERT BURNETT CLAIBORNE, K. T .............. Stockton

WM. ABRAHAM
ISAAC

DAVIES, 33,

P. G. C.

K.

T ............ S.

F.

LUTVENE TITUS, 33, P. G. C. K. T., Phoenix, A. " GEO CLEMENT PERKINS, P. G. C. K. T...San Francisco JOHN MILLS BROWNE, 33, P. G. H. P. K. T., Wash., D. C. " SAMUEL CRAWFORD DENSON ..................... Sacramento " " CLAY WEBSTER TAYLOR, 32, K. T .................... Shasta " WILEY JAMES TINNIN, P. G. H. P ............ San Francisco " * EDMUND CLEMENT ATKINSON, K. T ............ Sacramento " HIRAM NEWTON RUCKER, K.T ...................... Stockton " MORRIS MARCH ESTF.E, K. T .............................. Napa *R. W. D. G. M. WILLIAM JOHNSTON, Sr. K. T ................... Sacramento * " S. G. W. CHARLES RAY GRITMAN, K. T ............................ Napa * " J. G. W. HENRY SAYRE ORME, 32, P. G. C. K. T. ...Los Angeles *V. W. G. S. ALEXANDER GURDON ABELL, 33, P. G. C. K. T.......... S. F " NATHAN WESTON SPAULDING, 33, P. G.H. P. K. T., ...... Oakland *-R. W. P. D. G. M. ALVAH RUSSELL CONKLIN .................. San Francisco " R. W. P. S. G. W. THEO. GUEVARA COCKRILL, K.T ....... R. W. P. J. G. W. JACOB HART NEFF, 32, P. G. H. P. G. G. K. T. Colfax
'

*V. R.

WM. HENRY

HILL,

P.

M. K.T.,

32

...........................

San Rafael

*W. CHARLES DANA BARROWS, G. Orator, K. T ............. San Francisco * " GEORGE JOHNSON, P. M. A. G. S. K.T ...................... * " JAMES WRIGHT ANDERSON, G. L. K. T ..................... * " JAMES BAUNTY STEVENS, Gr. Mar ......................................... Napa *" WM. HENRY EDWARDS, Gr. Std. Bearer ..................... San Francisco * " SAMUEL BOND HINCKLEY, Gr. Sd. Bearer, K. T ................ Riverside *W. FRED. WM. LUCAS, P. M ............................................... Santa Cruz * " EDWARD MEYERS PRESTON, S. G. D. K. T ................... Nevada City * " ALEX. DOUGLAS LAUGHLIN, J. G. D .............................. Santa Rosa * " CHARLES MULHOLLAND, S. G. Std ............................. Independence " *" ADDISON MORGAN, Jr. .............................. San Diego * " JACOB FRANKLIN BOLLER, G. P .......................................... Tulare

A.

&

A.

S.

RITE OF FREEMASONRY.

97

*W. SAMUEL DAVID MAYER, G. Org., K. T * " JAMES OGLESBY, G. TILER, 32, K. T *V. R. P. G. C. ADAMC. BAINE
*\V. P. G. " *

San Francisco
Stockton San Francisco
Visalia

*W
*" *"

" " "

MAR. HARVEY MATTHEWS, K. T SWD. B., WM. HENRY HATTOX S. G. D., JOSEPH CLARENCE WARD, K. T " " EUGENE J. CREGORY, K. T J. Std. ROMAYNE WILLIAMS
P.

*AKERLY, REV. BENJAMIN,

M. K.

Sacramento Pasadena Oakland

"

*ALEXANDER Louis

L., 32

*ANDERSON, REV. THOS. HART BENTON, P. M. K. T ADAMS, FREDERICK, P. M ATKINSON, THOMAS T., P. M ALLEN, MORTIMER CHERBURY, P. M. P. H. P. K. T APPLEGATE, GEORGE WASHINGTON, P. M. R. A BLAKE, CHARLES EDWARD SR., K. T *BASION, JOSEPH GARDINER, 32, K. T BURKETT, ALEXANDER, 32, P. M. P. H. P. K. T BRAMAN, JASON JARVIS, 32 BLOOM, HERMAN, R. A BROWN, ROLAND GAIR, 32, K. T *BROWN, CHARLES F., 33 P. M. K. T

"

San Luis Obis po San Francisco

Shasta
Applegates San Francisco

Modesto
Healdsburg ^an Luis Obispo

Oakland San Francisco

'

BROWN, FRANK E., 32, K. T BROMLEY, GEORGE T., P. M. K. T BUFFINGTON, JOHN MASON, 33, K. T BADGER, WILLIAM G., K. T ^BISHOP, AMASA WRIGHT, 30, P. M. K. T *BUTTON, FRED LAWRENCE, P. M BuscELLE, JAMES R BELLAMY, BENSON C., P. M. P. H. P BOWNE, WILLIAM STEBBINS, 14, P. M BOOTH, Lucius ANSON BURNHAM, CHARLES F., 32, E. C. K. T *BELL, REV. SAMUEL BOOKSTIVER BIGELOW, CHARLES EDWIN, R. A
BYSTLE, DANIEL, P. M. R.

"

Oakland
Fruitvale

Oakland
"
i:au

Francisco Covelo

Santa Clara

Oakland
"

"

San Francisco
P. G.

A
P.

*CASWRLL, THOMAS HUBBARD, 33,

M.
J.

H. P. P. E.

G. C. G. Chancellor Sup. Con. S.

U. S

San Francisco

CLARK, TREAT P., 32 CALDWELL, JOHN C COTTRELL. EDWARD MORTIMER, 32, CRELLIN, JOHN, K. T *CLARK, ALVAH K., P. M. H. P *CRAWFORD, ELLISON L. P. M. H. P
*CRESSY,

P.

Monterey San Francisco Oakland

Georgetown San Francisco

EDWARD

P.

"

"

K.

*CROCKER, CHARLES F., 32, K. T *CAMPBELL, WALTER M., K. T

93

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE

A
Oakland
" "
"

*CAMPBELL, FRED MCLEAN, R.

DAVIS,

WM. WALLACE,

K. T.

*COLE, RECTOR E., P. M. R. A DICK, BYRON COLEMAN, 32 *DEWEY, ALFRED T DORWIN, GEORGE *DAY, FRANKLIN H., 32, P. M. G. H. P. *DORN, MARCELLUS A., 32, P. M. K. T *DAVIS, WILLIAM B., K. T. *DUSENBURY, JOHN B., K. T

"

Melrose
P. E. C. K.

San Francisco
"

Sacramento
"

EDGAR, DANIELJ.,

32

EVERS, JOHN HENRY, R. ESCOLLE, HONORE

San Francisco Oakland

.Monterey

EVELAND, GEORGE F ELLIS, JOSEPH DOANE *EwER, WARREN B., K. T FIGEL, JOSEPH R. A FRONK, GEORGE
FULLER, AMOS L/EIGHTON, R.
FISHER, GEORGE *FISHER, PHILLIP

San Francisco
" "

Oakland

"

"

"

FILMER, WILLIAM, 33 FLETCHER, LE ROY DERMOTT, 18 FLINT, THOMAS Sr., P. M. P. H. P. K. T *Fox, CHARLES N., K. T GRAVES, HIRAM T., 32, P. M., P. G. H. P.,

P. G.

C
Th.

San Francisco San Francisco South San Juan Oakland San Francisco
"
I.

GOAD, WILLIAM FRANK, P. M. K. T GiLLETT, CHARLES EDWIN, 33, P. M.,

P. G. C.

P.

H. P.

P.

M.
Oakland
"

K.

WILLIAM T., P. M *GRIMES, GEORGE L GOUD, GEORGE L., 32, K. T GILPIN, ZACHARYT., 32, P. E. C. K. T *GRAY. SPAULDING, K. T GOODMAN, GEORGE, 32, R. A GARDNER, JAMES T., K. T GIBBONS, WILLIAM P HOLLIDAY, SAMUEL HAL TEAD, JAMES LAFAYETTE, P. M. K. T HART, ALFRED HOLMES, NATHANIEL BREED, 32, K. T...
GIBBS,

San Francisco
"
,

Oakland
Oakland
"

Alameda
San Francisco
"

Livermore
Grangeville

HACKETT, HENRY HEWES, CHARLES WESLEY, K. T

Oakland
Valley View, Cramer

HAUGHTON, EDWARD WM HURLEY, JOHN, P. Th. ILL.

HARE/ELIAS, C., P. M HANLEY, WM. A., K. T

M., K.

Sacramento San Francisco

S.erra City

A.

&

A.

S.

RITE OF FREEMASONRY.

99

HAWKINS, HOWARD KENDRICK *HADSELL, JAMES RICE HEI.LWIG, CHARLES J., 32, P. M. P. H. P *HOBE, GEORGE JOHN, 33, P.M. G. R *HosMER, HEZEKIAH P. M. K. T *HYDE, MARCUS DARIUS, P. M. R. A *HANDY, BRAYTON E., K. T *Hi'LL, JOSEPH P. M INGRAM, OSCAR S
JENKINS, JOHN W., 32, K. T JOHNSON, .ALBERT TOSSELYN, EDWARD SPENCER, K.
JONES, WILLIAM PRICE. K. KING, WILLIAM AVERY, P. KEKCHIVAL.JOHN H., K. T

San Francisco
Monterey Auburn San Fra icisco San Francisco Oakland Oakland Sacramento San Diego Nevada City Alameda Monterey Alameda Oakland Oakland
P. K.

M
T

KNORP, ALBERT FREDERICK, P. M. P. H. P KENNEDY, GEORGE EDWIN, 32 P. M. P. H. LANE, ANDREW JACKSON,

San Francisco Livermore

Knights Ferry Los Angeles Berkeley San Francisco

L AZZAREVICH, GIOVANNI, 32, K. T

LORD, CARLOS REUBEN, P. M. R. A LAMPE. THEODORE C LIPPMAN, GEORGE LA BLANC, JOHN LENTELL, JAMES, P. M. P. H. P *LA\VSON, JAMES S., 33, R. A MCDONALD, RICHARD HAYES, K. T MERRITT, JAMES BESTOR, 33, P. E. C. K. MARTIN, JAMES C., P. M
'.

Oakland San Francisco

MACK, ALBERT MAYER, LEOPOLD..... MASON, WM. C MILLER, PETER C., 32 MKRRILL, ISAAC M McGouN, ROBERT., P. M. R. A MATHEWS, HENRY E., K T McNEELY. MALACHI, 32 METCALF, GEORGE D., 32, P. E. C. K. T *MOKEL, ACHILLES, 33 MCCLYMONDS JOHN WM., P. M. P. H. P. K. T *MIZNER, LANSING B., P. M *MULLARD, RICHARD T., 32, P. M. K. T *McMiLLAN, ROBERT, P. M *MORGAN, EDWARD H., 32, W.M. P. H. P. K. T *NORTHEY, VERNAL SIDNEY OWENS, JOHN BROOME, P. M. K.T *OGILVIE, JAMES G., 18 PHELPS, AUGUSTUS E

Alameda County Oakland San Francisco Oakland

San Francisco San Diego

Alameda
San Francisco Oakland Oakland
Fruitvale

Oakland
Benicia

Los Angeles San Francisco

Oakland Oakland
San Francisco San Francisco

ioo

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE

Oakland
P.

PEARCE, RICHARD POWELL, ABRAHAM, 32,

PEDRINI, CIPRIANO, K.
PRICE,

M. K. T

"

North Temescal
Petal uma

PRESTON, ROBERT JAMES

JOHN ASHLOCK

Or land
" "

PATTERSON, GEORGE, 32, K. T

JOHN W., .KT PANNO, JOHN LEWIS PATRICK, JOHN R., P. M PLUMMER, C. MOODY, 32 K. T PIERCE, WM. FRANK, 33, P. H. P. *PERRY, WM. H., 14 W. M
PHILLIPS,

T.

I.

G.

M. K. T

San Diego County Monterey San Francisco Oakland

" "

*PARRISH,
*PRICE,

WM. H WM. E., P.

San Francisco
Knights Ferry
Madison.

RANDALL, BENJAMIN RODOLPH, GODFREY, P.M. R. A RODECKER, ELIAS, P. M REISER, THEODORE, P. M. K. T RUTHERFORD, CHARLES B., R. A RIEGELHAUPT, PHILIP ROSEKRANS, HENRY M
RICE,

San Francisco Anaheim Oakland

Sail Francisco

HARVEY

Hay.wards

REED, JOHN PITTS SPAULDING, GEORGE, 32, K. T SKINNER, ISAAC ASH, R. A STEWART, MICHAEL Y SHAW, SYLVANUS H., R. A SOUTHER, JOSEPH N., 32, K. T SCHULLER, ANTONIO
SIMPSON, ROBERT

Coronado San Francisco Monterey Oakland

Sonoma
San Francisco Oakland
"
"

*STANDEFORD, DAVID SHAW, STEPHEN WM STODDARD, ASA C

San Francisco Alameda

Monterey San Francisco
"

SUTTON, *SWAIN, EDWARD B *SMITH, JOSEPH C., P. M *SA\VYER, LORENZO D *SHURTLEFF, GEORGE. A., 32, .KT

WM

Napa
San Francisco Oakland San Francisco
"

THOMPSON, ROBERT R TERP, JEFF EVERSON TURNER, MATTHEW

TRULL, SYLVESTER, 32, P. M *TAYLOR, JOHN B., 32, K. T TOOTHAKER, LUTHER S *TAYLOR, ROBERT H., P. M. R. A
TILLEY, GABRIEL

Oakland Monterey

H
K.,

San Francisco Oakland

"

VANDERSLICE, WM.

K.

A.

&

A.

S.

RITE OF FREEMASONRY.

101

WILLIAMS, HENRY F., P. M., K. T., (First Mason made in Cal.)...S. F. WINCHESTER, EBENEZER, 30, P. M. R. A. R. S. M Oakland WALTER, WM. ADDISON, P. M. R. A Livennore WRIGHT, WM. H., 30, P. M. P. H. P Yankee Hill WELLS, MICHAEL H., P. M. K. T San Francisco WINTERBURN, JOSEPH
'.

WYNN, WATKYN WM WYTHE, REV. DR. JOSEPH M., 14, WOODRUFF, GEORGE J., K. T
*\VILKINS,

Livermore
P. G. O.

K.

Oakland
"

EDMUND

T.,

32, K.

T
E. G. C. K.

Napa

WAGENER, SAMUEL HOPKINS, M.

*VANDERHURST, WILLIAM,
P. G.

San Jose
Salinas

H. P. K.

VAN

PELT,

JOHN HENRY
OREGON.

San Francisco
"

YERIAN,

ADAM

M. W. G. M. CHRISTOPHER TAYLOR, 33, P. G. H. P., P. Th. G. M. P. G. C. K. T Dayton. *M. W. P. G. M. JOHN C. AINSWORTH, 33, K. T (Oakland, Cal.)
" "
"

;;

"

"
"

"

BENJAMIN STARK Newport JAMES R. BAYLEY, 32 Portland JOHN MCCRAKEN, 33 Salem STEPHEN F. CHADWICK, 32, K. T. Gr. Sec Astoria A. W. FERGUSON DAVID G. CLARK Albany WILLIAM D. HARE THOMAS McF. PAITON, 32, P. G. H. P. K. T.... Salem J. H. KUNZIE ROBERT CLOW ROCKY P. EARHART, 33, P. G. H. P. G. C.K. T. GEORGE McD. STROUD Portland JOSEPH N. DOLPH, 33, K. T Union WILLIAM T. WRIGHT, 32
D. P. MASON THOMAS G. RE AMES, 32,

"
"

* *

" " " "

* *
*

" " " " " "

K. T

Jacksonville

JAMES JAMES

C.

FULLERTON
32, K.

ANDREW XASBURY,
F.

Marshfield

ROBINSON G. M. JACOB MAYER

Eugene City
Portland

*V. V.

W. P. G. Sec. FRELON J. BABCOCK, 32, K. T W. P G. I. Sec. IRVING W. PRATT, 33, P. H.

Salem
P. P. A. C.

K. T. Portland
Lafayette

JAMES W. COOK, 32, K.T *W. ROBERT P. Brno, P. M

WASHINGTON.
*M. W. P. G. M. Louis ZiEGLER, 33, G. H.
P.,

Vice-Pres. for

Wash. Spokane Falls

102

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE

P. G.

*M. W. " * " * " * " * * " *

'

"

M. DANIEL BAGLEY ELWOOD EVANS, 32

Seattle

Tacoma
32
/

"
"

" " " "

" "

GRANVILLE O. HALLER, JAMES R. HAYDEN, 33 PLATT A. PRESTON, 32 ROBERT C. HILL, 32 ELISHA P. Ferry, 32
Louis SOHNS, 32

Seattle
"

Waitsburg
Port Townsend
Seattle

* * * * * * *
* *

"

" " " "

"

" "
" "

RALPH GUICHARD, 32 JOSEPH A. KUHN, 32 LEVI ANKENY, 32

WILLIAM H. WHITE
JOSEPH SMITH NATHAN S. POTTER, 32 HANFORD W. FITZWEATHER,
P. S.

Vancouver Walla Walla

Port

Townsend
Seattle

Walla Walla

Kalama
Olympia
32

" " "

ADMISTON " " * THOMAS M. REED, 33, Gr. Sec., *R. W. P. G. S. W., JOHN WEBSTER, 32 (18) NEVADA. W. ALEXANDER D. ROCK, R. A., Vice-President *M. W. P. G. M. JOSEPH DE BELL, 32 " * ROBERT W. BOLLEN, 32 " * HORATIO S. MASON " " * MICHAEL A. MURPHY " " * HENRY ROLFE " " ADOLPH L. FITZGERALD, 33, P.
* *
"

Sprague Ellensburg
G. R. K.
T.... Olympia

Seattle

Eureka
(Oakland, Cal.)
(Elsinore.)

(Murrietta, Cal.)

Carson City
Virginia City

G. H.

Eureka

"
"

ANDREW NICHOLS,
MERRILL
P.

K.

"
" "
"

FREEMAN,

* * * * *

"
."
"

(Los Angeles, Cal.) 33, (Also P. G- M. and G. S. of Arizona, Tucson) (San Diego, Cal.)

DAVID E. BARLEY

HENRY

L.

FISH

Reno
Virginia City Austin Virginia City

WILLIAM MCMILLAN " " CHARLES W. HINCHCLIFF " G. M. JOHN W. ECKLEY *V. W. G. S. CHAUNCEY N. NOTEWARE, R. A " " P. SAMUEL W. CHUBBUCK, K, T * " ROBERT H. TAYLOR, K. T W. DANIEL W. LEV AN, 32 W.JOSEPH R. KENDALL, W. M. K. T W. FLETCHER H. HARMON, 33, P. M., (20)
*'

Carson City (Oakland, Cal.)

(San Francisco, Cal.)

Eureka Hamilton Eureka

Boise City

*M. W.
* * * * *
"

P. G.
" "

IDAHO. M. JONAS W. BROWNE

'.

"

"
"

" "
"

JOHNKENALLY EDWARD A. STEVENSON CHARLES HIMROD

FRANCIS E. ENSIGN

Idaho City
Boise City
"

Hailey
Boise City

"

LA FAYETTE CARTER

A.

&

A.

S.

RITE OF FREEMASONRY.

103 Boise City "

*M. W. * "

P. G.

M. GEORGE H. DAVIS

"

"

*V. W. G. Sec.

JOHN HUNTER CHESTER P. COBURN, 32 GEORGE L. SHARP JAMES H. WICKERSHAM, (11) MONTANA.

Lewiston
Boise City
"

M. W.
* * * *
* "

P. G. M.,
"

HARRY

R. COMELY, 33, K.

T.,

Vice President, Helena

JOHN J. HULL LEANDER W. FRARY WEBBER F. SANDERS

NATH. P.SANFORD.. CORNELIUS HEDGES, 33, JAMES R. WESTON JAMESR. BOYCE, Sr SOL. STARR EDWARD S. STACKPOLE
JULIAN M. KNIGHT
Gr. Sec

Helena

"

"
"
"

" "
"

Helena

Townsend
Butte

Helena Deer Lodge

Virginia City

* * *

" "
"
"

"

* * *

'

"
"

CLARKE JOHN STEADMAN HIRAM KNOWLES GEORGE W. MONROE THOMAS H. POMEROY ANSOLEM J. DAVIDSON HUGH DUNCAN S. \V. LANGSHORNE
A.

WM.

Deer Lodge Helena Deer Lodge

Bozeman
Missoula

Helena
Sheridan

Bozeman
Butte
Virginia City

JOSEPH A. HYDE,

32

SAMUEL WORD JAMES \V. HATHAWAY

Helena
Miles City

ARTHUR
*M. W.
P. G.

C.

LOGAN^)
WYOMING.

M. X. R.DAVIS

Cheyenne
Rawlins

WILLIAM DAILEY
J.

* *

" "

HAYFORD ROBERT WILSON K. P. SNOW

H.
K. JEFFREY
F. E.

J.

WILLLAMS

F. E.

ADAMS
ADDOMS, K. T H. FoOTE, 33
Cheyenne
Ivvanston

"

F. C.

WM.
E. F.
*
L. S.

CHENEY
BARNES

Lander Laramie
(13)

*V.

W.

G. Sec.

WM.

L.

KUYKENDALL

Cheyenne
T. Vice-Pres..Denver
~

COLORADO.

M. W.
*
"

P. G.

"

M. LAWRENCE X. GREENLEAF, 33, K. JOHN M. CHIVINGTON

"

104

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE

P. G.

*M. W.

M.

HENRY M. TELLER,
ARCHIBALD
J.

WEBSTER D. OREN H. HENRY HARPER M. ORAHOOD CORNELIUS J. HART ROGER W. WOODBURY, BYRON L. CARR ROBERT A. QUILLIAN FRANK CHURCH ANDREW SAGENDORF
JAMES H. PEABODY, WILLIAM D. TODD

VANDUS ANTHONY

33
.N

Denver
"

" " "

18

Pueblo Denver
"

" "

G. C. K.

Cheyenne Canon City Denver

Longir.ont

GEORGE E. WYMAN ALBERT H. BRANCH GEORGE H, KIMBALI WM. T. BRILWELL V. W. G. S., EDWARD C. PARMELEE, 33, G V. W. G. M. HENRY TRUCY WEST, (22)
*M. W.
P. G.

Denver Golden Denver

R. K.

Pueblo Greeley

UTAH. M. JAMES LOWE, 32, E. C. K.

LOUIS

T.,

COHN

CHARLES W. BENNETT EDWARD P. JOHNSON JOHN SHOW Sco rr, G. T THOMAS E. CLOHECY WILLIAM F. TAMES PARLEY L. WILLIAMS SAMUEL PAUL

Vice-President, Salt Lake City >( " " "

Salt

Lake City " "

"
" "

" "

"

ALHERT R. HEYWOOD ARTHUR M. GRANT

*V.

Salt
(12)

W.

G. Sec.,

CHRISTOPHER DIEHL
ARIZONA.

"

Ogden Lake City

"

W. ALEX. G. OLIVER, P. M. G. H. P. K. T. Vice President.. Fort Whipple *M. W. P. G. M. FRANCIS A. SHAW, K. T.. Phcenix " MARTIN W. KALES, 32, K. T ANSEL M. BRAGG, 32, R. A (Los Angeles, Cal.)
BENJAMIN
TITUS, 14
P.
(P. G.

MERRILL

FREEMAN, 33,

MORRIS GOLDWATER,

(Lordsburg, G- S. K. T. also of Nevada) R. A

T., (8)

New Mexico)

Tucson
Prescott

GEORGE J. ROSKRUG, 32, K.

Tuscon
Kingston Santa Fe
"

NEW
W.JOSEPH
*M. W.
P.

MEXICO.

V. COWAN, W. M., Vice President G. M. WILLIAM W. GRIFFIN, 32

SAMUEL B. NEWCOMB, JOHN B WOOTEN

32

WM. L. REYNERSON, 32 HENRY M. WALDS, 32 WM. B. CHIIDERS, 32

CORNELIUS W. BENNETT

Santa Fe
" "

MAX

FROST, 32
K.

Santa Fe
"

*V. W. G. Sec. V. W. WESTY PETERSEN, (13)

HARROUN, 32 ALEX. H. MORHEAD, ALPHEUS A. KEEN

S.

W.

Silver City

Los Vegas Kingston

A.

&

A.

S.

RITE OF FREEMASONRY.

105

*M. W.

P. G.

BRITISH COLUMBIA. M. ISRAEL W. POWELL "

" " "
" " "

...Victoria

SIMEON DUCK FREDERICK WILLIAMS ELI HARRI ON, Sr. R. A HENRY BROWN, Gr. Sec

EDGAR C. BAKER THOMAS TROUNCE WILLIAM DALBY ALEX. R. MILNE

*V.

W.

P.

G. Sec.

EDWARD

H. E. HEISTERMAN, G.
S.

NEWFELDER (n)

MASSACHUSETTS.

*EDWIN

*BENJAMIN DEAN, 33,

B.

P. G.

M. K.
T.,

SPINNEY, 14, K.

T. U. Corr. Sec

Boston
"

MARYLAND.
*W. WM.
E.

STEUART, Corr. Sec

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

Baltimore

*ALBERT PIKE, 33, Grand Com. Sup. Con. S. J. U. S. *FRED. WEBBER, 33, Sec. Gen. Corr. Sec *PHILIP HIGHBORN, 32, Naval Constructor, U. S. N
VIRGINIA.

Washington,

"

*ROBERT

A.

WITHERS, 33,
PARVIN, 33,

P. G.

M. K. T. U. S
IOWA.

Richmond

*THEODORE
*M. W.
* * " "
P. G.

S.

P. G.

M.

P. G. Rec.

K. T. U.

S... Cedar

Rapids

LOUISIANA.

M. JOHN Q. A. FELLOWS, 33,

P. G.

M. K. T. U.
Gr.

S.,

" "

New
Lt.

Orleans

SAMUEL M. TODD, 33, K. T JAMES C. BATCHELOR, 33,

S. J. U. S. Gr. Sec. Corr.

Com.

Sec *RICHARD LAMBERT, 32, Asst. Gr. Sec

Sup. Con.
*

Honorary Members.

tfntt tttl/vrrt* In B day* return to

John

L. Pavkovich;
Estate
LOS ANQELES, CAL.

208 W. FIHST

ST.,

OFFICERS
OF THE

Baf tonal
OF

3/Casonic

Veteran Associations
OF THE

UNITED STATES.
Organized

Wednesday
Streets
',

Evening,

October
'1

<?th,

Scottish Rite Sanctuary, corner of

1889, hird and

C.

at

the

Washington

Lity,

D.

PAST PRESIDENT.

ALBERT PiKE,
PRESIDENT.

Washington

City, D. C.

CHARGES

E.

MEYER,
VICE-PRESIDENTS.

Philadelphia

New York City THEOPHILUS PRATT, for the Atlantic Division LA FAYETTE VAN Ci<EVE, for the East Miss ssippi Division, Cincinnati, O. THEODORE S.PARVIN, for the West Mississippi Division, Cedar Rapids, la.
EDWIN
A.

SHERMAN,

for the Pacific Division

Oakland, Cal.

SECRETARY.

GEORGE H. FISH
TREASURER.
A. T. LONGlvEY,

New York

City,

New York
City, D. C.

Washington

H)a0JDtt0
[FEOM THE VIRGINIA

mt

ffjB

Blrmnfaira,
9,

(NEV.) TERRITORIAL ENTERPRISE, SEPT.

1875.]

The

meeting: of Virginia Lodge, No. 3, upon the Top of Mt. Davidson The Highest L,odge ever opened in the United States, if not in the World The Cause of the Unusual Proceeding The Improvised Altar, Chairs, Etc. The Doings, Speeches, Attendance, Ktc., Ktc.
The world has
before.

existed so long that it is difficult to do anything that never If it be true as alleged, that history repeats itself, it must be equally true that the actions of men are repeated, for the record of these constitute the history of the world. In this turning over of the doings of the world, whereby the transactions of former years, when the world was young, are brought again, by the revolving centuries, to the summit of action, so as to appear startling and new, it is fitting that a land like ours, freshly won from the scenes of nature, should be the field of that action. The world was young in the arts, sciences and civilization, if not in years, when they were first enacted, and it is eminently proper that they should be reproduced in a land where civilization is a recent importation, and where the surroundings are counterparts of those which existed in those far-off years.

was done

A STEP IN THE REPEATING HISTORY OF THE WORLD Was taken by "Virginia Lodge, Xo. 3, of Free and Accepted Masons"

yester-

day, and a cycle in the history of the world was completed. By the burning up of the Masonic Hall in this city last May, the Brethren were deprived of their place of meeting. They were then, with others similarly situated, invited to the Odd Fellows Hall, and were glad to accept of the courtesies then tendered them. When by the destructive fire of last Friday morning, they were again deprived, with their benefactors and others, of a place where they might congregate, and found themselves, as were many of their ancient brethren in the early days of Masonry, without a place of meeting it occurred to them to imitate those early patrons of the art and as their ancient brethren were wont to hold their meetings on the tops of high hills or in low valleys, they resolved to hold
;

A LODGE UPON THE MOUNTAIN

The

TOP.

place of meeting was certainly the strangest one of modern days. The brethren of the present day are accustomed to hold their communications in the upper chambers, for the better security there afforded, but here was an The instance where an original custom was to be wedded to an original rite. custom of meeting upon high hills, grew naturally out of the practice of the early Jews, who built their temples, schools and synagogues in conspicuous This seems to have met in those early days with the approbation of places. the Almighty, for we read in Ezekiel where he said: "Upon the top of the mountain, the whole limit thereof, shall be most holy." Before the erection of temples even, celestial bodies were worshipped on hills, and terrestrial ones in valleys. The early Christians, whenever it was practicable, erected their

churches on eminences.

io8

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE

THE TOP OF MOUNT DAVIDSON

Is by actual measurement, seven thousand eight hundred and twenty-seven The apex from which the nag-staff rises, is feet above the level of the sea. one thousand six hundred and twenty-two feet above the level of Street,

corner of Taylor. The summit is three thousand five hundred feet west of the city, so that in a straight line from B street, corner of Taylor, to the foot of the flag-staff, it is a little over three thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven But by the traveled route, the feet, or not far from three-quarters of a mile.
distance

long and tedious. direct over the track run by the racers. Horse and foot can pass through Taylor street and Taylor Eavine to the ridge, and thence to the summit. "Bullion Ravine" is passable for horsemen, by skirting the eastern base of the mountain and winding to the west of the peak. Besides these, there is the route by the way of the Ophir grade to the top of the ridge, to the west, and thence back east to the top. This is the route by which the most of the carriages made the summit yesterday.
is

Footmen can go

THE LODGE.
Never
since the

morning

stars

sang their lullaby over the cradled earth

was there a more perfect representation of a Masonic lodge-room, than the one in which the members of "Virginia, No. 3," and their visiting brethren held communication yesterday. This existed not only in the Charter, the Greater and the Lesser Lights, and the number requisite to compose a Lodge, but it was literally bounded but by the extreme points of the compass. Its dimensions from east to west, embraced every clime from north to south. Its covering was no less than the clouded canopy and it is only where this is wanting that the literal supports, the three great pillars of Wisdom, Strength and Beauty are needed. But metaphorically, they were all there, for where in a lodge-room, was ever seen sneh wisdom to contrive, strength to support and beauty te adorn? Verily it was a meeting in the Temple of Deity, and the wisdom, strength and beauty which are about His throne, were present in the symmeIt was a lodge the ditry, order and grandeur of this primitive lodge room. mensions of which, like the universal chain of the Order, included the entire hnrnan family. Upon the brow of the mountain, and a little south of the
;

flag-staff,

AN ALTAR OF ROUGH ASHLARS

Had

been improvised, whereon rested the Three Great Lights of Masonry. Beside them stood the representatives of the Three Lesser Lights. Rude chairs had also been built of rough granite for the Worshipful Master, Senior and Junior Wardens, while the Deacons found ample accommodation among the boulders around. A large "G" had been cut from sheet metal and nailed to the flag-staff. The Tyler was indeed in trouble, for in such a place how could the lodge be duly tyled in accordance with modern usage. But under the direction of the Worshipful Master, a line of pickets, designated by white badges on their left arms, were stationed all around the brow of the summit. They were near each other, so that none could pass or re-pass without perIn that way the approach of cowans and eaves-droppers was effectumission. On reaching the summit, the brethren busied themally guarded against. selves with dispensing and partaking of

CORN,

WINE AND

OIL.

had been prepared by the Lodge, and members were mostly well provided with the means of refreshments, nourishment and These were dispensed with a liberal hand. All were welcome and parjoy. took with an appetite sharpened by the labor of the ascent and the fresh air, which swept the summit with a freedom known only to Washoe zephyrs. While all this was going on, the members of "Virginia Lodge, No. 3." and visiting brethren were engaged in registering their names.
collation

A bounteous

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RITE OF FREEMASONS Y.

109

regular Lodge register, large sheets of drawing paper had been prepared to receive the signatures, with a view to framing them and hanging them among the adornments of their lodge-room when it is ready for This work of obtaining the names of those dedication. present took upward of two hours. At length, the hour of opening having
arrived,

Instead of the

THE CRAFT WAS CALLED FROM REFRESMEXT TO LABOR By the sounding of the gavel in the East. The task of clothing was also a tedious one. Ample provision had been made for this, but some of the brethren were compelled to improvise the emblem of innocence and badge of a Mason by making a white apron of their pocket handkerchiefs. It was found however, to be impracticable to satisfy the presiding officer that all

there without form, for the regular transaction of business. The opening ode was therefore sung by the lodge quartet, composed of Professor E. Pasmore, X. Eells, C. L. Foster and George W. Dorwin, a brief prayer was George offered up by Rev. G. D. Hammond, and the white Masonic flag, more ancient than the Golden Fleece or Roman Eagle, for the first time in the history of the world, displayed from the top of Mt. Davidson. As the wind unwrapped its folds and displayed the square, compass and letter emblazoned thereon, it was greeted with three cheers and a that must have been heard for tiger miles around.

were Master Masons, and a special dispensation granted by Kobert W. Bollen, Most "Worshipful Grand Master of Nevada, that the lodge be opened then and

present

THE LODGE WAS THEN DECLARED DULY OPENED. The following officers being present to wit: ALBERT HIRES Worshipful Master ALEXANDER DVXN Senior Warden CHARLES HARPER Junior Warden GEORGE II. DANA Treasurer G. F. FORD Secretary PHILIP SKLDXER Senior Deacon JOHN CAMERON Junior Deacon JOHN FARNSWORTH \ Stewards W. P. BLIGHT / J. A. McQuARRiE Marshal
, ,

C. L.

FISHER

E. J. PASMORE E. S. KINCAID THOMAS P. JONES, E. CHAMBERLAIN, ALEXANDER G. COWAN, JAMES W. SILL, JOHN ABBOTT, WILLIAM J. MCMILLAN, DAVID L. JONES, G. W. ROBERTSON, J. H. DYER and T. X. GOYETTE
It will not

haplain Organist Tyler

Sentinels

be amiss in this connection

to state that

THK JEWELS WORN

the officers of the Lodge have just been subjected to a fiery ordeal. They were made of Ophir Bullion in the year 1863, at the order of the late Colonel W. H. Howard and by him presented to the Lodge. Their cost was $500. They were saved from the destruction which laid waste the Masonic Hall in the early summer, but the fire of last Friday morning found them in the hall of the Odd Fellows where the Lodge met after being burned out. They were mourned over as lost, but were finally dug out of the ashes nearly Some of those recovered have had perfect, but a single one being missing. portions melted away, but there is enough left to show the original design and There were also present at to carry the identity on down to future generations. the opening, the following GRAND OFFICERS.

By

ROBERT W. BOLLEN J. M. McGiNNis

M. W. Grand Master W. Grand Marsha

no
\

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE

PAST GRAND OFFICERS.
1
,

J. C. CTTRRIE

G.
K.
C.

R.

W. HOPKIN. T. MULLARD F. BRANT H. TAYLOU

,-, Grand Past Deputy Grand Master Past Senior Grand Warden Past Grand Secretary

D Past
,

The Lodge being informally opened, several ladies who had made the ascent were admitted, as were also several children, among them two of the Hon. C. E. De Long, together with their Japanese attendant.
Past Grand Master J. C. Currie then introduced Robert W. Bollen, Most Worshipful Grand Master of Nevada, who was invited by the Master to accept the chair and preside over the Lodge. The invitation was accepted. In taking the chair, the Most Worshipful Grand Master thanked the Brethren for the honor conferred upon him. He had been twenty-eight years a member of the He then alluded to fraternity but that was the happiest moment of his life. the custom of the ancient brethren to meet on high hillsor in low valleys. "Virginia Lodge No. 3," had ascended the mountain and given rise to the great occasion by opening a lodge higher than any opened in the United States. The Grand Master then gave accounts of some preliminary meetings which have been held on the Coast on the top of the hills. He spoke of one near Ragtown, where the brethren had come together in that way to raise money and provisions for suffering immigrants, and over which he had the honor to preside. He also mentioned a similar gathering in Eureka, in 1851, and at Auburn, California. He also gave the account of another preliminary meeting held in that way, when the first three degrees ever conferred in the lodge were conferred on a hill.

But none of these were gatherings like the present, and he thanked the Brethren that he had been called upon to preside over their deliberations.
for the transaction of business, a petition was and referred. A communication was also presented, in which Bishop Whitaker offered to the Lodge the use of the school room belonging to St. Paul's Church, in which to meet. The communciation was ordered on file and the thanks of the

The Lodge being opened

read, received

Lodge tendered

in return. Bills were presented and referred. J. C. Currie of the Committee on Resolutions in regard to the death of Brother Thomas Sheehan presented his report.

This closed the regular order of business.

Under the head "The good of

Masonry,"

THE HON. C.

E.

DE LONG

was called for and responded very happily the following brief sketch of his remarks not doing him justice: He had only just been apprised of the fact that the Brother who was exMr. De Long alluded to the pected to talk to the Brethren was not present. fact that events however unimportant in themselves, and considered trifling at the time, not unfrequently marked great epochs in the world's history. The events of the day, although considered but the events of a holiday, would be a marked epoch in Masonry. The speaker pictured forcibly the rise and fall of nations. It was the pride and glory of the Craft that it had survived the fall of governments and all the changes of the moving world.

They were assembled beneath the all-seeing eye of Him who is the Grand Architect of the Universe, and it behooved each brother with that light shining into his heart, to ask himself if he was living true to the tenets of the Order, and to the lessons taught in the lodge-room.

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RITE OF FREEMASONRY,

dwelling place for n.an, but it was to be redeemed through the intelligence of man, and each had a part to perform in the work. The speaker told how in Japan he had assisted in welding the link in Masonry which made the chain complete around the world. Up to that time, there had been one land where the Order was not known. Now there was none. Masonry belted the globe. The lights of the altar had been lighted, and now there were six lodges in the Empire and the Order was rapidly spreading.
Colonel K. H. Taylor was then called
following poem:
Farjas the breezy limits spread, Shall be most holy ground." 'Neath God's blue dome on lofty hills Whose crests first catch the morning heat Whose bights the evening glory fills The Craft was wont to meet.
for,

eLong sketched the surroundings within which they had erected their altar. Beneath them was the wealth of Ophir, and around them the tumult of trade. The earth seemed cursed and rendered an unfit

and responded by reading the

The Lord unto the Prophet said, "Upon the mountain's topmost round,

There, far above the busy mart, And from its care and turmoil free, They learned the lessons of the heart To "work" and to "agree." Oh, sacred hills of olden time, Whose hoary crags resist the gale, Ye have a history sublime That ages cannot pale.

Again to-day, the sons of light,

Their mystic banner
raise.

As did their sires of olden days, Upon the mountain's dizzy hight,

Again above the busy marts. Where human feet have seldom We raise our voices and our hearts
In reverence to God.

trod,

Almighty Father! by whose will The mountains rise and worlds do move, Thy blessings grant, descend and fill Each Mason's heart with love.

Mr. Edwin A. Sherman was called out and spoke briefly to the point. He recounted instances in the early days of California when the brethren met on hills. It was a peculiar and significant circumstance that to-day they were assembled around the summit of Mount Davidson. David's son was Solomon, our Most Ancient Grand Master.

The speaker spoke

Virginia Lodge No.
3,

of the three

first

lodges established in California and

their uniting in establishing the

tain as their lodge room.

Grand Lodge of that State, the parent of which had that day consecrated the top of the moun-

in which the past of some of the K. M. Dagfeelingly sketched. gett, after repeated calls, responded by taking out his watch and carefully noIt would take him an hour and a half to ting the time. It was 4:30 o'clock. made his point, and brought his remarks to a close by saying, get down. "I have nothing against any brother here, so help me God!"

speech was

made by General Williams,

members of the Order were graphically and

He

Messrs Currie and Hopkins were called out, and responded briefly. The point of Brother Daggett's remarks had cut short all long-winded speeches, if any had been contemplated. On motion of Mr. DeLong, a vote of thanks was tendered to General J. B. Winter, for starting the movement which had resulted in the meeting on the mountain.

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE

A touching prayer was then offered by Rev. S. P. Kelly. "Old Lang Syne" was sung in full chorus by all present, and the lodge was then declared closed in ample form. The register showed the following
MEMBERS OF VIRGINIA LODGE, No.
E. Strother,
3.

A.
A. G. Cowan,

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S.

RITE OF FREEMASONRY.

U4
B. A. Bulm,

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE

F. Perry,

John

L. C. Wiggins,

W. H. Smith,
E. H. Jeffs, Boaz D. Pike, James Bullen,
.

James Lynch, James Morris, J. C. McDonald, Fred Harper, E. M. G. Stewart,

T. J. Hodgkinson,

Henry Green,

Wm.

Sutherland,

By

the visitors

John Carpenter, Whittley, H. Goddard, Wm. Trounce. named above were the following
S.

W.

J. D. Dessert, Richard Saiu,

STATES

AND COUNTRIES REPRESENTED:

York, California, West Virginia, Kansas, Michigan, Utah, Missouri, Iowa, Wisconsin, Maine, Colorado, New Jersey, Washington, District of Columbia, England, Scotland, Minnesota, Massachusetts, Oregon, Washington Territory, Virginia, Nova Scotia, North Carolina, Nebraska, Pennsylvania, Illinois, Canada West, Idaho, New Zealand and Kentucky.

New

UP AND DOWN AND MOUNTAIN.

the Masonic Fraternity, presented a fantastic appearance as they gathered and started for the top of Mount Davidson, yesterday. About seven o'clock in the morning a commissary wagon was sent up by the Ophir grade. At eleven o'clock the teams began to collect their loads and The vehicles were not allowed to run light, every nook and corner being go. crammed with something satisfying to the demands of the inner man. Then came the footman and the equestrians. From that hour till two p. M., groups could be seen on foot and horseback going for the bights, and at all By the aid of the glasses points, intermediate between the city and flag-staff on the top, the anxious gazers in Virginia City and Gold Hill were plainly When the exercises were closed, a regular scamper commenced discernable. down the mountain. Most came down by Taylor ravine, some by Bullion ravine and not a few enjoyed the beautiful ride over the Orphir grade. Taken Very few mishaps were experienced in altogether, it was a remarkable day. going up and down the mountain. Occasionally, a bottle of water would come in contact with a stone and the contents be lost, and wrecks of unappropriated lunches were not unfrequently encountered on the way down. But no serious accident occurred, and all seemed happy in the event and contented with the Those who participated have a rare experience, which will yield them result. a life-long satisfaction.

The members of

The multitude yesterday upon the mountain, were greatly indebted to Mr. Mackey for the thoughtful and timely donation of one hundred and fifty
ice, which he hired toted to the top, on the backs of two Chinamens' mules. These mules were afterwards stationed between the flag-staff and the city, and may have been mistaken by near-sighted individuals for

pounds of

true Masonic goats.

MASONIC BUILDING ASSOCIATION.

Before the members of the Masonic fraternity were called to order yesterday, Mayor Currie and Secretary Hopkins invited those wishing to come forward and subscribe to the capital stock of the Masonic Building AssociaThe brethren responded quite liberally, considering the times. Many tion. of them had already subscribed, and the others took about seven hundred There are but two thousand shares in all. Forty per cent, shares yesterday. of the subscription will be called for about the first of October, and then the balance will be paid in installments. The stock will pay from one to one and a half percent, per month. It is the intention of the Trustees to have the building ready to be occupied by January first.

RELIC SEEKERS.
yesterday around the flag-staff on the top of Mount Davidson was not without its characteristics. One most conspicuously displayed, was that of relic gathering. Before the altar which had been rudely

The gathering

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improvised
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RITE OF FREEMASONRY.

115

quantities were pocketed and carried off. All seemed to consider it a rare occurrence, such as was never known in this country, if in the world, and doubtless Frederick will be called upon to carve many a keystone out of the granite which was embodied in the rough ashlars of the rude altar harshly constructed on the top of the mountain and yesterday consecrated to the

had been consecrated, these seekers for keepsakes of the occa-' commenced a regular onslaught upon the stones composing it, and vast

mystic
It

art.

was very noticeable yesterday on the mountain, that some of the gazers at the beautiful scenery were not content with the grandeur opened up by the aid of telescopes and double-barrel eye-helpers, and were now and then looking through the bottoms of tumblers, bottles and the like, with the most profound satisfaction.

AN INTERESTING EVENT.
in the Masonic history of Nevada we may say in the United States occurred near the city yesterday. After the destruction of their hall by fire, the Masons met for some time in the Lodge-room of the Odd Fellows in the Odd Fellows' Building. This was likewise destroyed by fire a few days ago, leaving the Order without an appropriate place of meeting. In this emergency the Master of "Virginia Lodge, No. 3." in imitation of a custom of the Craft in ancient times, called a meeting of his Lodge on the summit of Mount Davidson yesterday afternoon. Over three hundred members of the Order were in attendance. When it is considered that the top of

A notable event

Mount Davidson is seven thousand eight hundred and twenty-seven feet above the level of the sea, and nearly seventeen hundred feet above Virginia City, the significance of this large convocation will be appreciated. The summit of the mountain is a pointed mass of broken granite, yet almost upon the very apex a rude altar of stone was erected, and around it gathered over three hundred Masons, who, in the heat of the mid-day sun, had toiled up the rugged mountain side to witness the opening of a Masonic Lodge at a place so unusual; and there, overlooking a city of twenty thousand people, the lodge was opened partially in form, and its regular business transacted. From the summit of the mountain, the country for a radius of perhaps a hundred miles on every side is visible, with its towns, lakes, mountains, valleys, hoistingworks, quartz-mills and railroads. This view is one of the grandest in the State, and the gathering yesterday was in the eye of every Mason present, scarcely less grand than the surroundings. As the lodge was opened, the white emblem of the Order was thrown to the breeze, from the flag-staff on the summit, and the cheers that greeted it must have been heard in the valleys below. Music, speeches and a bountiful repast for all, enlivened the proceedings, and at five o'clock, or a few minutes Members earlier, the concourse wended their way down the mountain side. of the Order were in attendance from Gold Hill, Silver City, Dayton and Carson, and so impressed were all present with the grandeur and solemnity of the occasion, that the rude altar was almost chipped in pieces, to be preserved as mementoes of an event so unusual in the annals of the Order. It is probable that a Mason's Lodge was never before opened in the United States at so great an elevation certainly never upon so prominent a point in the light of day. The occasion will long be remembered, not only by those In our local columns will be present, but by the people of Storey County. seen a detailed" account of what occurred, together with a full list of the members of the Order present.

NOTE. As the compiler of this work was an active participant in the above event and desirous that its record shall be preserved in book form, he has here inserted it for the benefit of all whose names are therein enrolled as being present, as well as a matter of great interest to the Craft in .sreneral. At that time he was the City Surot Silver veyor of Gold Hill, as well as a United States Deputy Surveyor and a member Geo. w. Star I/>dge, No. 5, at Gold Hill, at that time. He, with the assistance of Bro.

ri6

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE

was held and consecrated the altar with the corn, the wine and the oil, which he took up with him. The full account as it appeared in the Territorial Enterprise was printed on paper handkerchiefs, satin, silk and linen, by the thousands at the time, exhausting the dry good stores, whose merchantownershad to send to San Francisco to get fresh supplies. These uniquely printed copies were sent to Grand Lodges throughout the world and even to the Lodge at Jerusalem and thousands of other Lodges and Masons besides.
,

Dorwin, (now of Melrose, California,) surveyed the Sacred Square, in which the lodge

some of which are framed and adorn the halls and homes of the Brethren to which they have been dispersed. Past Grand Masters J. C. Currie and Geo. W. Hopkins have crossed over to the o}her side of the Dark River, and the majority of those now living, who then participated, are residing in California, among them, Past Grand Master Robert W. Bollen, at Elsinore, in San Diego County, Past Deputy Grand Master Richard T. Mullard, at Los Angeles, and Past Grand Secretary R. H. Taylor, the Poet of the occasion, at San Francisco, engaged in the practice of the law. The memory of that interesting event will live until the last survivor of those there present shall have been called to eternal refreshment in that Grand Lodge above; but Mount Davidson will be known among the Craft as the "Mountain of the Lord," and the grandest altar of Freemasonry built by the Supreme Architect of the Universe himself, its solid base girdled with bands of gold and silver, and sparkling with its gems of crystal quartz, its altar cloth in winter, the purest snowy mantle spread over it by heaven itself, while the blazing sun, the silvery moon and the glittering stars shall'be its greater and lesser lights to shine upon if, as long as the earth shall be used as a trestle-board by the
toes,

The silk handkerchiefs upon which

the account appeared, are treasured as

memen-

Craft.

Ghargeg

of

a freemason.

Extracted from the Ancient Records of Lodges beyond sea and of those in Knglaiicl, Scotland and Ireland, for the nse of the Lodges in Condon. To toe read at the making of ^tew Brethren, or when the Master shall order it.*

THE GENERAL HEADS,

I.

viz:

II.

III.

IV. V. VI.
1.

Of GOD and RELIGION. Of the CIVIL MAGISTRATE. Supreme and Subordinate. Of LODGES. Of MASTERS, WARDENS, FELLOWS and APPRENTICES. Of the management of the CRAFT in working. Of BEHAVIOR, viz:
In the Lodge while CONSTITUTED. After the Lodge is over and the BRETHREN not gone. When Brethren meet without STRANGERS, but not in a LODGE. In presence of STRANGERS NOT MASONS. At HOME and in the NEIGHBORHOOD. Toward a STRANGE BROTHER.
I.

2.
3.

4.
5. 6.

CONCERNING GOD AND RELIGION.

more expedient only to oblige them to that religion in which all men agree, leaving their particular opinions to themselves; that is, to be e;ood men and true, or men of honor and honesty, by whatever denominations or persuasions they may be distinguished; whereby Masonry becomes the center of union, and the means of conciliating true friendship among persons that must have
remained
II.

obliged by his tenure, to obey the moral law; and if he rightly understands the art he will never be a stupid atheist nor an irreligious libertine. But though in ancient times Masons were charged in every country to be of the religion of that country or nation, whatever it was, it it now thought
is

A Mason

at a perpetual distance.

OF THE CIVIL MAGISTRATE, SUPREME AND SUBORDINATE.

to the civil powers wherever he resides or never to be concerned in plots and conspiracies against the peace and welfare of the nation, nor to behave himself undutifully to inferior magistrates; for as Masonry hath always been injured by war, bloodshed and confusion, so ancient kings and princes have been much disposed to encourage the craftsmen, because of their peaceableness and loyalty, whereby they practically answered the cavils of their adversaries, and promoted the honor of the FraSo that if a brother should ternity, who ever flourished in times of peace.

A Mason is a peaceable subject

is

works, and

"These charges were prepared and presented to the Grand Lodge of England by Dr. ANDERSON and Dr. DBSAGULIERS. and having been approved by the tht- 25th of March, 1722, were published in the first edition of the Book of Constitutions. They have always been held in the highest veneration by the Fraternity, as embodying the most important points of the ancient written, as well as unwritten law of Masonry,

Grand Lodge on

in 1721

n8

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE

be a rebel against the State, he is not to be countenanced in his rebellion, however he may be pitied as an unhappy man; and if convicted of no other crime, though the loyal Brotherhood must and ought to disown his rebellion, and give no umbrage or ground of political jealousy to the government for the time being, they cannot expel him from the Lodge, and his relation to it remains
indefeasible.
III.

OF LODGES.
hence that assembly,
is

A Lodge is a place where Masons assemble and work;

or duly organized society of Masons,
called a

Lodge, and every Brother ought to belong to one, and to be subject to its By-laws and the General Regulations. It is either particularor general, and will be best understood by attending it, and by the Regulations of the General or Grand Lodge hereunto annexed. In ancient times no Master or Fellow could be absent from it. especially when warned to appear at it, without incurring a s vere censure, until it appeared to the Master and wardens that pure necessity hindered him. The persons admitted members of a Lodge must be good and true men, free-born, and of mature and discreet age, no bond-men, no women, no immoral or scandalous men, but of good report. IV. OF MASTERS, WARDENS, FELLOWS AND APPRENTICES.
All preferment among Masons is grounded upon real worth and personal merit only; that so the Lords may be well served, the Brethren net put to shame, nor the Royal ( 'raft despised: Therefore no Master or Warden is chosen by seniority, but for his merit. It is impossible to describe these things in writing, and every Brother must attend in his place, and learn them in a way peculiar to this Fraternity. Only candidates may know that no Master should take an Apprentice unless he has sufficient employment for him, and unless he be a perfect youth, having no maim or defect in his body, that may render him uncapable of learning the art of serving his Master's Lord, and of being made a Brother, and then a Fellow Craft in due time, even after he has served such a term of years as the custom of the country directs; and that he should be descended of honest parents; that so, when otherwise qualified, he may arrive at the honor of being the Warden, and then the Master of the Lodge, the Grand Warden, and at length the Grand Master of all Lodges, according
to his merit.

Brother can be a Warden until he has passed the part of a Fellow nor a Master until he has acted as a Warden, nor Grand Warden until he has been Master of a Lodge, nor GRAND MASTER unless he has been a Fellow Craft before his election, who is also to be nobly born, or a gentleman of the best fashion, or some eminent scholar, or some curious architect, or other artist, descended of honest parents, and who is of singular great merit in the opinion of the Lodges. And for the better, and easier, and more honorable discharge of his office, the Grand Master has a power to choose his own Deputy Grand Master, who must be then, or must have been formerly, the Master of a particular Lodge, and has the privilege of acting whatever the Grand Master, his principal, should act, unless the said principal be present or interpose
Craft;

No

his authoity by a letter. Thesre rulers and governors, supreme and subordinate, of the ancient Lodge, are to be obeyed in their respective stations by all the Brethren, according to Old Charges and regulations, with all humility, reverence, love and
alactrity.

V.

OF THE MANAGEMENT OF THE CRAFT IN WORKING.

All Masons shall work honestly on working day, that they may live creditably on holy days; and the time appointed by the law of the land, or confirmed by custom, shall be observed^ The most expert of the Fellow Craftsmen shall be appointed or chosen the Master or Overseer of the Lord's work; who is to be called Master by those that work under him. The Craftsmen are to avoid all ill language, and to call each

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119

other by no disobliging name, but Brother or Fellow; and to behave themselves courteously within and without the Lodge. The Master knowing himself to be able of cunning, shall undertake the Lord's work as reasonably as possible, and truly dispend his goods as if they were his own; nor to give more wages to any Brother or Apprentice tlian he
really

may

deserve.

Both the Master and the Masons receiving their wages justly, shall be faithful to the Lord, and honestly finish their work, whether task or journey; nor put the work to task that hath been accustomed to journey. None shall discover envy at the prosperity of a Brother, nor supplant him, or put him out of his work, if he be capable to finish the same; for no man can finish another's work so much to the Lord's profit, unless he be thoroughly acquainted with the designs and draughts of him that begun it. When a Fellow Craftsman is chosen Warden of the work under the Master, he shall be true both to Master and Fellows, shall carefully oversee the work in the Master's absence 'to the Lord's profit; and his Brethren shall obey him. All Masons employed shall meekly receive their wages without murmuring or mutiny, and not desert the Master until the work is finished. A younger Brother shall be instructed in working, to prevent spoiling the materials for want of judgment, and for increasing and continuing of brotherly
love.

All the tools in working shall be approved by the Grand Lodge. laborer shall be employed in the proper work of Masonry; nor shall Freemasons work with those that are not free, without an urgent necessity; nor shall they teach laborers and unaccepted Masons as they should teach a Brother or Fellow.

No

1.

VI. OF BEHAVIOK, viz: IN THE LODGE WHILE CONSTITUTED.

You are not to hold private committees, or separate conversation, without leave from the Master, nor to talk of anything impertinent or unseemly, nor interrupt the Master or Wardens, or any Brother speaking to the Master; nor behave yourself ludicrously or jestingly while the Lodge is engaged in what is serious and solemn; nor use any unbecoming language upon any pretence whatsoever; but to pay due reverence to your Master, Wardens and Fellows, and put
them
to worship.

If any complaint be brought, the Brother found guilty shall stand to the award and determination of the Lodge, who are the proper and competent it by appeal to the Grand judges of all such controversies (unless you carry Lodge) and to whom they ought to be referred, unless a Lord's work be hindered the meanwhile, in which case a particular reference may be made; but von ->iiist never go to law about what concerns Masonry, without an absolute

ay apparent
2.

to the Lodge.

beyond his

but avoiding all excess, or forcing any Brother to eat or drink inclination, or hindering him from going when his occasions call an easy i\iv\free lriin or doing or saying anything offensive, or that may forbid conversation; for that would Mast our harmony and defeat our laudable pur-

BEHAVIOR AFTER THE LODGE IS OVER AND THE BRETHREN NOT GONE. You may enjoy yourself with innocent mirth, treating one another accordability,

ing to

Therefore no private piques or quarrels must be brought within the door of the Lodge, far less quarrels about religion, or nations or state policy we being only as Masons of the Catholic (universal) religion above mentioned; we are also of all nations, tongues, kindreds, and languages, and are resolved of the Lodge, against all politics, as what never yet conduced to the welfare This CHARGE has always been strictly enjoined and observed; nor ever will. OH THE DISRI-T ESPECIALLY EVER SINCE THE REFORMATION IN HItlTAIN,
poses.

SENT \NI> SECESSION OF THESE NATIONS FROM THE COMMUNION OF ROME.

120
3.

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE

BEHAVIOR WHEN BRETHREN MEET WITHOUT STRANGERS, BUT NOT IN A LODGE FORMED.

manner, as you will be inmutual instruction as shall be thought expedient, without Icing overseen or overheard, and without encroaching upon each other, or derogating from that respect which is due to any Brother, were he not a Mason; for though all Masons are as brethren upon the same level, yet Masonry takes no honor from a man that he had before; nay, rather it adds to his honor, especially if he lias deserved well of the Brotherhood, who must give honor to whom it is due, and avoid ill manners. 4. BEHAVIOR IN PRESENCE OF STRANGERS NOT MASONS. You shall be cautious in your words and carriage, that the most penetrating stranger shall not be able to discover or find out what is not proper to be intimated; and sometimes you shall divert a discourse, and manage it prudently for the honor of the Worshipful Fraternity.
5.

You are to ?ahite one another in a courteous structed, calling each other Bi other, freely giving

BEHAVIOR AT HOME, AND IN YOUR NEIGHBORHOOD.

are to act as becomes a moral and wise man; particularly, not to let your family, friends and neighbors know the concerns of the Lodge, etc., but wisely to consult your own honor, and that of the Ancient Brotherhood, for reasons not to be mentioned here. You must also consult your health by not continuing together too late, or too long from home, after Lodge hours are past; and by avoiding of gluttony or drunkenness, that your families be not neglected or injured, nor you disabled from working.
6.

You

BEHAVIOR TOWARD A STRANGE BROTHER.

are cautiously to examine him, in such a method as prudence shall direct you, that you may not be imposed upon by an ignorant, false pretender, whom you are to reject with contempt and derision, and beware of giving any hints of knowledge. But if you discover him to be a true and genuine Brother, you are to respect him accordingly, and if he is in want, you must lelieve him if you can, or else direct him how he may be relieved; you must employ him some days, or else recommend him to be employed. But you are not charged to do beyond your ability, only to prefer a poor Brother, that is a good man and true, before any other poor people in the same circumstances. Finally, All these CHARGES you are to observe, and also those that shall be communicated to you in another way; cultivating brotherly love, the foundation and cap-stone, the cement and glory of this Ancient Fraternity, avoiding all wrangling and quarreling, all slander and backbiting, nor permitting others to slander any other Brother, but defending his character, and doing him all good offices, as far as is consistent with your honor and safety and no further. And if any of them do you injury, you must apply to your own or his Lodge; and from thence you may appeal to the Grand Lodge at the Quarterly Communication, and from thence to the Annual Grand Lodge, as has been the ancient laudable conduct of our forefathers in every nation; never taking a legal course, but when the case cannot be otherwise decided, and patiently listening to the honest and friendly advice of Master and Fellows when they would prevent you going to law with strangers, or would excite you to put a speedy period to all law-suits, that so you may mind the aflair of Masonry with the more alacrity and success; but with respect to Brothers or Fellows at law, the Master and Brethren should kindlv offer their mediation, which ought to be thankfully submitted to by the contending Brethren; and if that submission is impracticable, they must, however, carry on their process or lawsuit without wrath and rancor, (not in the common way) saying or doing nothing that may hinder brotherly love, and good officers to be renewed and continued; that all may see the benign influence of Masonry, as all true Masons have done from the beginning of the world, and will do to the end of
time.

You

A men.

So mote

it

be.

DR.

J.

L.

COGSWELL,
Hooms
5~6.

"Old Chronicle Building,"

"Mark well the hour, when nature's rights demand. The skillful practice of a dentist's hand."

Filling

Teeth,

Plating,

Gald and

Porcelain

Crowns

and Bridge Work a Specialty,

Public Speakers, such as Clergymen, Lawyers, Singers, Theatrical Performers and Lecturers,

would do well

to call.
if

Save the Natural Teeth

Ether or Chloroform

Possible.
the Painless

admin stered

if

EXTRACTION
W.
J.

necessary for

OK"

TEETH.

H.

BOWMAN.

BOWMAN.

N. A.

KOSEiL

H.

BOWMAN &
AND DEALERS
IN

CO.,

DRUGGISTS^APOTHEGARIES,
perfumery
ai?d Soi

951 BROADWAY,
Corner Ninth
Street,

OAKLAND, CAL.

The National Cask Register

'

Co,

^k-- Manufacturers

of &

Kinds @ Cumt

Detail

Adding

Total

Adding,

with

or

without

CHECK DEVICE.

Cash. Registers FOR CASH OR CREDIT SALES.

SALESROOMS:
Room
12,

Chronicle Building,

SAN FRANCISCO,

CALIFORNIA.

WM.

G.

BADGER
^
York)
(Chicago)

HALLETT & DAVIS

GO'S (Boston)

FRANCIS BACON (New

I. I. KIMBALL GO'S

[PI Q
J

MM A (UU

W. I. KIMBALL GO'S PARLOR

AND VESTRY ORGANS,

No. 725 Market Street,

History Building, (Ground Floor) SAN FRANCISCO,
POMROY.
A.

CAL.

E. B.

II.

BREED.

A. H.

BREED &

CO.,

Real Estate Investment Brokers.

San Francisco Income and Investment Property a Specialty.

RENTS COLLECTED.

INSURANCE EEEECTED.

232

Montgomery

Street,

Opp. Russ House,

SAN FRANCISCO, CAL,

:so.

Telephone
N. B.

1644.

We

also

have

for sale a fine list of

Oakland residence

and business

properties.

OF

-^ '~
l

Wagon and

Carriage

Material,

Gamage jtodmare and Brimming!,

Iron

* Steel,

Coal ? Blacksmith's Tools.

*>*<

OK

SaFoen patent and Wood gub Wheels,

BODIES, GEARS, ETC.

Nos.
1 6, 1 8,

20 and 22 Beale

St.,

SAN FRANCISCO.
SACRAMENTO, CAL.

Nos. 709, 711, 713 and 715 J

St.,

Front and Monroe

Streets,

PORTLAND, OREGON.

GKO. H.

BRAGG &
OFFICE,

CO.,

SAN JOSE, CAL.

159

NEW YORK

FRONT STREET.
IND.

LUMBER STATION,

FORT WAYNE,
Cal.

Manufactory at Sacramento,

G. B. DflNIELS X CO.,
FINE STATIONERY,
gs,

Engravings,

@i[

^Paintings,

GhromoS, Elanlg Bool$,

Visiting Cards,

Birthday Cards, School Supplies^

Artists' Materials, Etc.

Gold Pens, Purses,

tic

We are prepared to furnish Every Training. Frame in Carved or Plain, Natural Wood, Bronze, White and Silver, White and Gold, Silver, Gold or Composition Gold Mouldings.
Style of

1153
Bet.
1

BROADWAY,
Sts.,

3th and i4th

OAKLAND,
Proprietor.

CAL,.

SERRIL, \VINSOR, Sole

California Pottery

&

Terra Cotta Co.

IN

MANUFACTURERS AND DEALERS

*.

and

JGFM

Gotta Bhimneij
RNAMENTAL

^ASES, TOUNTAINS AND

DESIGNS

mADE

TO

We

Manufacture

the

COOLER, and

Patent Hygienic are Sole Agmts for

FILTER AND WATER

A.

ameda County.

Office, 1172

Broadway,
Sts.,

Factory, Cor. H. i2th and Park

OAKLAND, CAL.

iira^ii

35
B. E.

&

37 GEARY

ST.,

HANDY.
GRAY.
'

D. C.

SAN FRANCISCO, CAL.

MONTGOMERY
Extending from Pine
(Containing 300

STREET,
Sts.,

to

Bush

SAN FRANCISCO.

Rooms

Business Center of the City.)

S. H.

SEYMOUR &
PRESIDENT

Terms: $1.50,
AV. S. PIIFJ.PS,

CO., Proprietors. $2.00 and $2.50 per Day.

\V.
II.

PIIELPS, SECRETARY.

THE PHELPS MANUFACTURING CO,

ROROINQS,
Including
all sizes of

Shafting, Cranks, Pistons, Connecting Rods.

Gable I^oad Woris a Specialty.

Gar and Bridge WOF!$.

SOLE MANUFACTURERS OF

W.

S. Phelp's Patent Turntable

and Switch Points

for

Cable

Roads.

Makers of Cable Road

Grips, Yokes, Crossings,

Curves and Depression Pulleys.

V^ORKS: BLACK POINT.

Office, 17

Drumm

St.,

SAN FRANCISCO.

Jones' Bazar,
955 BROADWAY, AKD

EASEMENT

COR. NINTH

AND BROADWAY,

$a6y

Carriages, ^Uebcipedes, ^ricijdes,

Rocking Horses, Wagons,

Dolls.

OF EYERY DESCRIPTION.

ffmtcy

(^oods,

fifc,

Tjugel Sound Lumber <^ OAKLAND, CAL.

Wholesale and Retail Dealers
in

Go.,

JTTHIS COMPANY OWNS ITS OWN MILLS AND VESSELS AND JL keeps an immense stock of Lumber of all kinds selected for this market and can fill orders for any amount and dimensions on short notice at the very lowest market rates.

OAKLAND YARD AND OFFICE, FIRST AND WASHINGTON STREETS.

A.

POWELL,
3,

Gen'l M'g'r.,

G.

W. FISHER, Manager,
ist

Pier

Steuart

St.,

San Francisco.

Oakland Yard,

and Wash.

Sts.

WM. FILMER,
President.

A I ROLLINS,
Sec'y and Manager Composing

Room.

Jfilmep-fjollinf Electrotype Bo.

Electrotypers and Stereotypers,
Stereotyping by the Glay and JlapieF-Jtfache processes.

Stamps

for Book-Binders,

Soap Makers, Etc.

Made

at

Sn

rt Notice in First-Class Style,

414 SflCHRtflEfsTrO STREET,

Bet.

Sansome and Battery,

for first-class

SAN FRANCISCO.
for casting purposes.

Composition

Book-work, stereotyped from new type,

specially

made and only used

GEORGE GOODMAN,
/.

PATENTEE AND MANUFACTURER OF

ARTIFICIAL STONE
(SCHILLINGER'S PATENT.)

IN

ALL ITS BRANCHES.

Side Walks and Garden Walks a Specialty,

Office:

307 Montgomery

St.,

NEVADA BLOCK,

SAN FRANCISCO, CAL.

W. K. VANDEKSLICE.

KENNETH MELEOSE.
1885.

ESTABLISHED

I. K.

VANDERSLICE I

GO.

SILVERWARE,
Jeu^lry, U/at^es
ai?d QjoeHs,

DIAMONDS, ETC.
136 Sutter Street,

San Francisco.

PATRONIZE gOME INDUSTRY. The Wentworth Boot ^ Shoe Co.

Our goods
are all manufactured at our

Factory, Sixteenth Street R. R. Station, Oakland, made exclusively by White Labor.

We

use the Best of Materials, every pair warranted to give the Best of Satisfaction.
a full assortment of all Kinds, Qualities and Styles, at the Lowest Prices.
Solicit

We have

We
New

Your Patronage.

Wentworth Boot and Shoe Company,

Blake Block,

OAKLAND.

1059

Washington

Street,

>

i<

/SM

u^spyir^?!

'in

i!

ui

'i

mil

in

11

A 000086017

University of California

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