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va rjky

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Hkkx 1

d{kk 11 osQ fy, gnh (,sfPNd) dh

iwjd ikB~ ;iqLrd

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ISBN 81-7450-580-6

izFke laLdj.k
ebZ 2006 oS'kk[k 1928
iqueqZ .k
uoacj 2006 ikS"k 1928
twu 2008 T;s"B 1930
iQjojh 2009 iQkYxqu 1930

izdk'kd dh iwoZ vuqefr osQ fcuk bl izdk'ku osQ fdlh Hkkx dks
Nkiuk rFkk bySDV kWfudh] e'khuh] iQksVksizfrfyfi] fjdkWfMZx vFkok
fdlh vU; fof/ ls iqu% iz;ksx ifr }kjk mldk laxzg.k vFkok
izlkj.k oftZr gSA
bl iqLrd dh fch bl 'krZ osQ lkFk dh xbZ gS fd izdk'kd
dh iwoZ vuqefr osQ fcuk ;g iqLrd vius ewy vkoj.k vFkok
ftYn osQ vykok fdlh vU; izdkj ls O;kikj }kjk m/kjh ij]
iqufoZ; ;k fdjk, ij u nh tk,xh] u csph tk,xhA
bl izdk'ku dk lgh ewY; bl i`"B ij eqfzr gSA jcM+ dh eqgj
vFkok fpidkbZ xbZ iphZ (fLVd j) ;k fdlh vU; fof/ }kjk
vafdr dksbZ Hkh la'kksf/r ewY; xyr gS rFkk ekU; ugha gksxkA

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PD 30T NSY

jk"Vh; 'kSf{kd vuqla/ku vkSj

izf'k{k.k ifj"kn~] 2006

#- 25.00

,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh- osQ izdk'ku foHkkx osQ dk;kZy;

,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh- oSaQil
Jh vjfoan ekxZ
u;h fnYyh 110 016

iQksu % 011&26562708

108] 100 iQhV jksM

gsyh ,DlVsas'ku] gksLMsosQjs
cuk'kadjh III LVst
csaxyq# 560 085

iQksu % 080&26725740

uothou VLV Hkou

Mkd?kj uothou
vgenkckn 380 014
lh-MCY;w-lh- oSaQil
fudV% /udy cl LVkWi ifugVh
dksydkrk 700 114

iQksu % 079&27541446

iQksu % 033&25530454

lh-MCY;w-lh- dkWEIySDl
ekyhxkao
xqokgkVh 781021

iQksu % 0361&2674869

izdk'ku lg;ksx

,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh- okVjekoZQ 70 th-,l-,eisij ij eqfnzrA

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izdk'ku foHkkx esa lfpo] jk"Vh; 'kSf{kd vuqla kku

vkSj izf'k{k.k ifj"kn~] Jh vjfoan ekxZ] u;h
fnYyh 110 016 }kjk izdkf'kr rFkk xksilal
isilZ fy-] ,&14] lSDVj&60] uks,Mk 201301
}kjk eqfnzrA

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lokZf/dkj lqjf{kr

v;{k] izdk'ku foHkkx

eq[; mRiknu vfkdkjh
eq[; laiknd
eq[; O;kikj vfkdkjh
laiknd
lgk;d mRiknu vfkdkjh

vkoj.k ,oa lTtk

dY;k.k cSuthZ

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is;sfV jktkoqQekj
f'ko oqQekj
'osrk mIiy
xkSre xkaxqyh
ujs'k ;kno
jktsanz pkSgku

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vkeq[k
jk"Vh; ikB~ ;p;kZ dh :ijs[kk (2005) lq>krh gS fd cPpksa osQ LowQyh thou
dks ckgj osQ thou ls tksM+k tkuk pkfg,A ;g flkar fdrkch Kku dh ml
fojklr osQ foijhr gS ftlosQ izHkkoo'k gekjh O;oLFkk vkt rd LowQy vkSj
?kj osQ chp va rjky cuk, gq, gSA u;h jk"Vh; ikB~ ;p;kZ ij vkkkfjr
ikB~ ;e vkSj ikB~ ;iqLrosaQ bl cqfu;knh fopkj ij vey djus dk iz;kl gSaA
bl iz;kl esa gj fo"k; dks ,d ekcwr nhokj ls ?ksj nsus vkSj tkudkjh dks
jVk nsus dh izo`fk dk fojks/ 'kkfey gSA vk'kk gS fd ;s dne gesa jk"Vh;
f'k{kk uhfr (1986) esa of.kZ r cky&osaQfnzr O;oLFkk dh fn'kk esa dkI+kQh nwj rd
ys tk,xsA
bl iz;Ru dh liQyrk vc bl ckr ij fuHkZj gS fd LowQyksa osQ izkpk;Z
vkSj v;kid cPpksa dks dYiuk'khy xfrfof/;ksa vkSj lokyksa dh enn ls
lh[kus vkSj lh[kus osQ nkSjku vius vuqHko ij fopkj djus dk fdruk volj
nsrs gSaA geas ;g ekuuk gksxk fd ;fn txg] le; vkSj vkkknh nh tk, rks cPps
cM+ksa }kjk lkSaih xbZ lwpuk&lkexzh ls tqM+dj vkSj tw>dj u, Kku dk l`tu
djrs gSaA f'k{kk osQ fofo/ lk/uksa o ksrksa dh vuns[kh fd, tkus dk izeq[k
dkj.k ikB~ ;iqLrd dks ijh{kk dk ,dek=k vk/kj cukus dh izo`fk gSA ltZuk
vkSj igy dks fodflr djus osQ fy, k:jh gS fd ge cPpksa dks lh[kus dh
izf;k esa iwjk Hkkxhnkj ekusa vkSj cuk,] mUgsa Kku dh fu/kZfjr [kqjkd dk
xzkgd ekuuk NksM+ nsaA
;s ms'; LowQy dh nSfud knxh vkSj dk;Z'kSyh esa dkI+kQh isQjcny dh ekx
djrs gSAa nSfud le;&lkj.kh esa yphykiu mruk gh k:jh gS] ftruk okf"kZd
oSQysMa j osQ vey esa pqLrh] ftlls f'k{k.k osQ fy, fu;r fnuksa dh la[;k

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var jky
iv

gdhdr cu losQA f'k{k.k vkSj ewY;kadu dh fof/;k Hkh bl ckr dks r; djsxa h
fd ;g ikB~;iqLrd LowQy esa cPpksa osQ thou dks ekufld ncko rFkk cksfj;r
dh txg [kq'kh dk vuqHko cukus esa fdruh izHkkoh fl gksrh gSA cks> dh
leL;k ls fuiVus osQ fy, ikB~;e fuekZrkvksa us fofHkUu pj.kksa esa Kku dk
iqufuZ/kZj.k djrs le; cPpksa osQ euksfoKku ,oa v;kiu osQ fy, miyC/ le;
dk ;ku j[kus dh igys ls vf/d lpsr dksf'k'k dh gSA bl dksf'k'k dks vkSj
xgjkus osQ ;Ru esa ;g ikB~;iqLrd lksp&fopkj vkSj foLe;] NksVs lewgksa esa
ckrphr ,oa cgl] vkSj gkFk ls dh tkus okyh xfrfof/;ksa dks izkFkfedrk nsrh gSA
,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh- bl iqLrd dh jpuk osQ fy, cukbZ xbZ ikB~;iqLrd
fuekZ.k lfefr osQ ifjJe osQ fy, rKrk O;Dr djrh gSA ifj"kn~ Hkk"kk
lykgdkj lfefr osQ v;{k izksI+ksQlj ukeoj lg vkSj bl iqLrd osQ eq[;
lykgdkj izksI +ksQlj iq#"kkske vxzoky dh fo'ks"k vkHkkjh gSA bl ikB~;iqLrd osQ
fodkl esa dbZ f'k{kdksa us ;ksxnku fn;k_ bl ;ksxnku dks laHko cukus osQ fy,
ge muosQ izkpk;ks osQ vkHkkjh gSaA ge mu lHkh laLFkkuksa vkSj laxBuksa osQ izfr
rK gSa ftUgksaus vius lalk/uksa] lkexzh rFkk lg;ksfx;ksa dh enn ysus esa gesa
mnkjrkiwoZd lg;ksx fn;kA ge ek;fed ,oa mPp f'k{kk foHkkx] ekuo
lalkku fodkl ea=kky; }kjk izksI+ksQlj e`.kky ehjh ,oa izksI +ksQlj th-ih- ns'kikaMs
dh v;{krk esa xfBr fuxjkuh lfefr (ekWfuVfjax desVh) }kjk ukfer
Jh v'kksd oktis;h vkSj izksI +ksQlj lR;izdk'k feJ dks viuk ewY;oku le;
vkSj lg;ksx nsus OksQ fy, kU;okn nsrs gSaA O;oLFkkxr lq/kjksa vkSj vius
izdk'kuksa esa fujarj fu[kkj ykus osQ izfr lefiZr ,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh fVIif.k;ksa ,oa
lq>koksa dk Lokxr djsxh ftuls Hkkoh la'kkskuksa esa enn yh tk losQA

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u;h fnYyh
20 fnlacj 2005

funs'kd
jk"Vh; 'kSf{kd vuqlakku vkSj
izf'k{k.k ifj"kn~

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ikB~ ;iqLrd fuekZ.k lfefr

v;{k] Hkk"kk lykgdkj lfefr

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ukeoj lg] iwoZ v;{k] Hkkjrh; Hkk"kk osaQnz] ts-,u-;w-] u;h fnYyhA
eq[; lykgdkj

iq#"kkske vxzoky] izksI+ksQlj] Hkkjrh; Hkk"kk osaQnz] ts-,u-;w-] u;h fnYyhA

eq[; leUo;d

jketUe 'kekZ] izksI+ksQlj ,oa v;{k] Hkk"kk foHkkx] ,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh-] u;h fnYyhA
lnL; leUo;d
ykypan jke] izoDrk] Hkk"kk foHkkx] ,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh-] u;h fnYyhA

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vkHkkj

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bl iqLrd osQ fuekZ.k esa vdknfed lg;ksx osQ fy, ifj"kn~ fuxjkuh lfefr
}kjk ukfer v'kksd oktis;h vkSj lR;izdk'k feJ dh vkHkkjh gSA
iqLrd fuekZ.k laca/h dk;ks esa rduhdh lg;ksx osQ fy, ifj"kn~
oaQI;wVj LVs'ku bapktZ (Hkk"kk foHkkx) ij'kjke dkSf'kd_ Mh-Vh-ih- vkWijsVj
t; izdk'k jk;] lfpu oqQekj] dey oqQekj vkSj vjon 'kekZ_ dkWih ,MhVj
vfnfr BkoqQj] ojQ.kk feky vkSj lqfiz;k xqIrk rFkk izIw +kQ jhMj deys'k oqQekjh
dh vkHkkjh gSA

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bl iqLrd osQ ckjs esa

ifj"kn~ ikB~ ;iqLrd fuekZ.k osQ lkFk&lkFk iwjd iBu osQ fy, Hkh iqLrdksa dk
fuekZ.k djrh gSA ikB~ ;iqLrd dh viuh lhek, gksrh gSaA lkfgR; dh izeq[k
fokkvksa dh lHkh izeq[k jpukvksa dks ikB~;iqLrd esa lesVuk laHko ugha gksrk
blfy, fof'k"V jpuk ;k lkexzh] tks fo|kFkhZ dh mez] #fp vkSj ;ksX;rk osQ
vuq:i gks] iwjd iBu dh iqLrd esa nh tkrh gSA iwjd iBu dh iqLrd dk
ms'; gh gS ikB~ ;iqLrd osQ v/wjsiu dks nwj djuk] mls iw.kZ cukukA qr iBu
osQ fy, Hkh fo|kFkhZ iwjd iBu dh iqLrd dk mi;ksx dj ldrs gSaA blls
igys bl Lrj ij fdlh ,d fo/k dh iqLrd gh fukkZfjr dh tkrh Fkh drq
O;kogkfjdrk dh n`f"V ls vkSj ikB~;p;kZ] ikB~ ;e dh ewy vokkj.kk osQ
eqrkfcd bl ckj dbZ fokkvksa dks ,d lkFk iwjd iBu dh iqLrd esa lekfgr
fd;k x;k gS] rkfd fo|kFkhZ ;knk ls ;knk lkfgfR;d fokkvksa ls ifjfpr
gks losaQA
bl iqLrd esa oqQy rhu ikB gSa && eksgu jkosQ'k }kjk jfpr ,dkadh ^vaMs
osQ fNyosQ*] lqfo[;kr fp=kdkj edcwy fI+kQnk gqlSu dh vkRedFkk ^gqlSu dh
dgkuh viuh kckuh* osQ nks NksVs va'k rFkk fo".kq izHkkdj }kjk jfpr 'kjrpanz
osQ thou ij vkkkfjr thouh ^vkokjk elhgk* dk izFke ioZ ^fn'kkgkjk*A ;g
rhuksa ikB mPprj ek;fed Lrj osQ fo|kFkhZ dh #fp] mez vkSj ;ksX;rk dks
;ku esa j[kdj pqus x, gSa rkfd fo|kFkhZ bls le> osQ lkFk nqzr xfr ls i<+
lossaQA jkspdrk dh n`f"V ls rhuksa ikB mke gSaA
eksgu jkosQ'k us vkkqfud lekt dh fn[kkos okyh laLfr vkSj lekt dh
fofr dks vuks[ks <ax ls izLrqr fd;k gS] tgk ifjokj esa vaMs osQ mi;ksx dh
eukgh osQ ckotwn Hkhrj gh Hkhrj lHkh mlosQ mi;ksx osQ i{k esa ekywe iM+rs

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va rjky
viii

gSaA ijaijk vkSj vkkqfudrk dk }a} bl ,dkadh esa izeq[krk ls mHkkjk x;k gSA
fo|kFkhZ vius thou esa ;FkkFkZ dks ego ns losaQ] o`Qf=kerk ;k fdlh FkksFks
vkn'kZokn esa u iM+dj thou dks lgh fn'kk ns losaQ &bl ikB dk ;gh
ms'; gSA
edcwy fI +kQnk gqlSu dh vkRedFkk ^gqlSu dh dgkuh viuh kckuh* dk
,d va'k ^cM+kSnk dk cksMx LowQy* muosQ fo|ky; thou ls tqM+k gqvk gSA
;gk mudh jpukRed izfrHkk osQ vaoqQj iwQVs] muosQ dLcs deky gquj dh
igpku gqbZA cM+kSnk dk og LowQy tgk gqlSu dh fp=kdkjh dk vaoqQj iwQVk]
vkt iwjh nqfu;k dk xoZ cuk gqvk gSA nwljk va'k gS] ^jkuhiqj ckkkj* tgk gqlSu
dks O;kikj dh vksj eksM+k tk jgk Fkk] drq mudh fp=kdkjh dk tknw viuh
gh jkg ryk'krk jgk vkSj varr% firkth dh jks'ku[k;kyh us mUgsa ,d egku
fp=kdkj cuk fn;k ftlls os knxh osQ jaxksa ls Hkj x,A fuf'pr :i ls muosQ
thou osQ ;s nksuksa egoiw.kZ ?kVukozQe fo|kFkhZ thou ls tqM+s gSaA ;fn izfrHkk
fodkl dk lgh volj vkSj lgh fn'kk fey tk, rks thou kU; gks ldrk
gSA fo|kFkhZ] v;kid vkSj vfHkHkkod blls vo'; izsj.kk xzg.k djsaxs] ,slk
fo'okl gSA
'kjr~panz osQ thou ij vk/kfjr ^vkokjk elhgk* dk izFke ioZ ^fn'kkgkjk*
okdbZ fn'kkgkjk gSA 'kjr~panz osQ thou dh fn'kk D;k gS] mudk ms'; D;k gS]
oqQN Hkh r; ughaA vkokjk ls vk'k; ;gk lpeqp vkokjk gh gSA oqQN Hkh igys
ls r; vkSj ;kstukc ugha gSA thou fu#s'; gSA kkfgj gS tks vkokjk gksxk
og fn'kkgkjk rks gksxk ghA thou dh 'kq#vkr ckylqyHk papyrk ls gksrh gSA
,d dgkor gS ^ln~cqf phFkM+ksa esa pedrh gS*A vHkkoksa osQ ckotwn 'kjr~panz
dk O;fDrRo bruk lkFkZd ,oa lVhd cu iM+k fd rkTtqc gksrk gSA Lora=k
O;fDrRo] LoPNan okrkoj.k dh ryk'k os lnSo djrs jgsA LoPNanrk] lkgl]
fu.kZ; ysuk] igy djuk] n`<+ izfrKk vkfn dkS'kyksa osQ dkj.k gh eu gh eu
mUgksaus izfrKk dh gksxh] eSa lw;Z] xaxk vkSj fgeky; dks lk{kh djosQ izfrKk
djrk gw fd eSa thou Hkj lkSan;Z dh mikluk d:xk] fd eSa thou Hkj vU;k;

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osQ fo# yM+wxk] fd eSa dHkh NksVk dke ugha d:xkA ;g ladYi gh euq";
dks euq"; cukrk gSA ;g dguk xyr ugha gksxk fd bl ladYi us gh 'kjr~panz
dks egku prd vkSj jpukdkj cuk;k gksxkA bZekunkjh vkSj lacakksa dk fuokZg
tSls ewY; Hkh O;fDrRo fuekZ.k esa egoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkkrs gSaA ;g i<+dj
fuf'pr gh fo|kFkhZ izsfjr gksaxs vkSj vPNk euq"; cuus osQ fy, dksbZ ladYi
djsaxsA thou osQ gj eksM+ ij O;fDr mR"V izn'kZu djs vko';d ugha] drq
fdlh fo'ks"k {ks=k esa mRo`Q"V izn'kZu iwjs O;fDrRo dk vkbZuk gks ldrk gS] blesa
nks jk; ughaA izfrHkk osQ fodkl dks gj le; mfpr volj feys vko';d
ugha ysfdu tc Hkh feys mldk mi;ksx djuk pkfg,A ;g mi;ksx gh 'kjr~
dks 'kjr~ cuk ldkA fo|kFkhZ fuf'pr gh bl jpuk ls izsj.kk xzg.k djsaxs] ,slh
vk'kk gSA
iqLrd esa ikB osQ lkFk iz'u&vH;kl fn, x, gSa] tks ikB dks jkspd cukus]
mls Li"V djus esa enn djsaxsA iqLrd osQ var esa jpukdkjksa dk laf{kIr ifjp;
Hkh fn;k x;k gS rkfd fo|kFkhZ vxj #fp ysa rks mudh vU; jpuk, [kkstdj
i<+ losaQxs vkSj jpukdkj osQ ckjs esa Hkh tkudkjh gkfly dj losaQxsA
vk'kk gS fo|kFk;ksa dh Hkkf"kd rFkk lkfgfR;d #fp;ksa osQ fodkl dh n`f"V
ls iwjd iBu dh ;g iqLrd mi;ksxh fl gksxhA iqLrd osQ ifj"dkj osQ fy,
vkidh izfrf;k ,oa lq>ko visf{kr gSaA

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ix

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fo"k; lwph

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vkeq[k

iii

bl iqLrd osQ ckjs esa

vaMs ds fNyosQ
eksgu jkosQ'k 1

gqlSu dh dgkuh viuh kckuh

z cM+kSnk dk cksMx LowQy
z jkuhiqj ckkkj
edcwy fI+ kQnk gqlSu 24

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vkokjk elhgk
z fn'kkgkjk
fo".kq izHkkdj 35

vii

Hkkjr dk lafo/ku
Hkkx 4d

ukxfjdksa osQ ewy drZO;

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vuqPNsn 51 d

ewy drZO; & Hkkjr osQ izR;sd ukxfjd dk ;g drZO; gksxk fd og &
(d) lafo/ku dk ikyu djs vkSj mlosQ vkn'kks] laLFkkvksa] jk"Vot vkSj jk"Vxku dk vknj
djs_
([k) Lora=krk osQ fy, gekjs jk"Vh; vkanksyu dks izsfjr djus okys mPp vkn'kks dks n;
esa latks, j[ks vkSj mudk ikyu djs_
(x) Hkkjr dh laizHkqrk] ,drk vkSj v[kaMrk dh j{kk djs vkSj mls v{kq..k cuk, j[ks_
(?k) ns'k dh j{kk djs vkSj vkg~oku fd, tkus ij jk"V dh lsok djs_
() Hkkjr osQ lHkh yksxksa esa lejlrk vkSj leku Hkzkr`Ro dh Hkkouk dk fuekZ.k djs tks
/eZ] Hkk"kk vkSj izns'k ;k oxZ ij vkkkfjr lHkh HksnHkkoksa ls ijs gks] ,slh izFkkvksa dk
R;kx djs tks efgykvksa osQ lEeku osQ fo# gkas_
(p) gekjh lkekfld laLd` fr dh xkSjo'kkyh ijaijk dk ego le>s vkSj mldk ifjj{k.k
djs_
(N) izkd` frd i;kZoj.k dh] ftlds varxZr ou] >hy] unh vkSj oU; tho gSa] j{kk djs vkSj
mldk laokZu djs rFkk izkf.kek=k osQ izfr n;kHkko j[ks_
(t) oSKkfud n`f"Vdks.k] ekuookn vkSj KkuktZu rFkk lq/kj dh Hkkouk dk fodkl djs_
(>) lkoZtfud laifk daaks lqjf{kr j[ks vkSj fgalk ls nwj jgs_
(k) O;fDrxr vkSj lkewfgd xfrfof/;ksa osQ lHkh {ks=kksa esa mRd"kZ dh vksj c<+us dk lrr
iz;kl djs] ftlls jk"V fujarj c<+rs gq, iz;Ru vkSj miyfC/ dh u;h mQpkb;ksa dks Nw
losQ_ vkSj
(V) ;fn ekrk&firk ;k laj{kd gS] Ng o"kZ ls pkSng o"kZ rd dh vk;q okys vius]
;FkkfLFkfr] ckyd ;k izfrikY; dks f'k{kk osQ volj iznku djsA

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