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Stats Formula

This document provides formulas for various statistical measures including: mean, median, mode, standard deviation, correlation, and sampling. It includes formulas for calculating measures of central tendency, dispersion, relative measures, regression, index numbers, and hypothesis testing from both grouped and ungrouped data. It also provides formulas for calculating simple random sampling, confidence intervals, and the quadratic and linear equations used in business mathematics.

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mnadeem_248131
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
256 views

Stats Formula

This document provides formulas for various statistical measures including: mean, median, mode, standard deviation, correlation, and sampling. It includes formulas for calculating measures of central tendency, dispersion, relative measures, regression, index numbers, and hypothesis testing from both grouped and ungrouped data. It also provides formulas for calculating simple random sampling, confidence intervals, and the quadratic and linear equations used in business mathematics.

Uploaded by

mnadeem_248131
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 8

PREPARE BY: SIR MOMIN

SECTION B (IMPORTANT FORMULA)


Arithmatic Mean
Ungroup Data .x = x n .x = Fx F Group Data

Harmonic Mean
Ungroup Data H.M = n 1/x Group Data H.M = F F/x

Geometric Mean
Ungroup Data G.M = Antilog log x n Group Data G.M = Antilog Flogx F

Median
Ungroup Data Med = n + 1 __ th. value 2 Group Data Med = l + h ( f / 2 C.F) f

Mode
Ungroup Data Most Repeated Value (Only One Value) Group Data Mod = l + h Fm F1 2Fm F1 F2

Empirical Relation between Mean, Median and Mode


Symmetrical Distribution Positive Skewed Negative Skewed (Mean = Median = Mode) (Mean > Median > Mode) (Mean < Median < Mode)

Relation between Mean, Median and Mode


Mean = 3 Median - 2 Mean

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Quartile
Q1 = Ungroup Data n+1 ____ th value 4 ____ th value ___ th value Q1 = Group Data F + 1 ____ th value 4

Q2 = 2 n + 1 4 Q3 = 3 n + 1_ 4

Then Q1 = l + h F - C.f. F 4 Q2 = 2 Then Q2 = l + h 2 F - C.f. F 4 We calculate Q3 and Q4 as same pattern F + 1 4 ____ th value

Note: Arrange Data in ascending order (its limited value is 4)

Decile : Applied above formula but remember we put value 10 except of 4, and its limited value is 9. Percentile: Applied above formula but remember we put value 100 except of 4, and its limited value is 99.

Decile : Applied above formula but remember we put value 10 except of 4, and its limited value is 9. Percentile: Applied above formula but remember we put value 100 except of 4, and its limited value is 99.

Range = Largest Value - Smallest Value ( Xm - Xo) Quartile Deviation


Ungroup Data Q.D = Q3 Q1 2 Find Q3 and Q1 by the formula of Quartile formula, which gives you, above. Group Data Q.D = Q3 Q1 2 Find Q3 and Q1 by the formula of Quartile formula, which gives you, above.

Mean Deviation about Mean (Mean Deviation)


Ungroup Data M.d (x) = x x n Group Data M.d (x) = F x x F

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Mean Deviation about Median


Ungroup Data M.d (x) = x x n Group Data M.d (x) = F x x F

Variance
Ungroup Data = x x 2 n n
2 2

= Fx F
2

Group Data Fx 2 F

Standard Deviation
Ungroup Data = x2 n x n
2

Group Data = Fx2 F Fx F


2

Types of Relative Measures Dispersion


Coefficient of Range
C. of Range = max. value - min. value x 100 max. value + min. value Coefficient of Quartile Deviation C. of Q.D = Q3 - Q1 x 100 Q3 + Q1 xm - xo x 100 xm + xo

Coefficient of Mean Deviation


C. of M.D (x) = MD (x) .x x 100 OR C. of M.D (x) = MD (x) x x 100

Coefficient of Variation
C.of Variation = x 100 x

Important of Measure of Skewness


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1st Pearsons Coefficient of skewness = Mean - Mode 2nd Pearsons Coefficient of skewness = 3(Mean - Mode) Quartile Coefficient of skewness = Q3 + Q1 - 2Q2 Q3 - Q1

Regression Equation
Y = a + bX .b = n XY - ( X)( Y) and n X2 - ( X)2 X = c + dY .d = n XY - ( X)( Y) and n Y2 - ( Y)2 c = X - dY a = Y - bX

Coefficient of Correlation
.r = n XY - ( X)(Y) nX2 - (X)2 nY2 - (Y)2

Strength of Coefficient of Correlation


Coefficient of Correlation 0.8 to + 1 + 0.5 to + 0.8 + 0.2 to + 0.5 0 to + 0.2 Degree of Association Strong Moderate Weak Negligible

Probable Error:

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PREPARE BY: SIR MOMIN P.E = 0.6745 1 - r2 n Simple Price Relative Index Number = Price in the current year x 100 Price in the base year P on = Pn x 100 Po Weighted Aggregative Price Index Number Weighted Aggregative Method

Lespeyres Formula
L = Pon = pnqo x 100 poqo

Lespeyres Formula
Qon = poqn x 100 poqo

Paasches Formula
P = Pon = pnqn x 100 poqn

Paasches Formula
Qon = pnqn x 100 pnqo

FishersFormula
F = Pon = pnqo x pnqo x 100 poqo poqn

FishersFormula
Qon = poqn x pnqn x 100 poqo pnqo

Marshal-Edgworth Formula
Pon = pn (qo + qn) po (qo + qn) OR Pon = pnqo + pnqn Poqo + poqo x 100

Marshal-Edgworth Formula
Qon = qn (po + pn) qo (po + pn) x 100

100

Method of Least Square


Y = a + bx For a = Y .n and b = xy x2

SECTION C (IMPORTANT FORMULA)


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Simple Random Sampling


N

Without Replacement Cn = N! n! (N - n)!

With Replacement Nn

Properties of Sampling
Without Replacement Sample mean E(x) = Papulation Variance V(x) = 2 . N - n N N - 1 Without Replacement Sample mean E(x) = Papulation Variance V(x) = 2 N

Standard Error
Without Replacement S.E of (x) = . N - n n N -1 Without Replacement V(x) = n

Confidence Interval For Papulation Mean


Case 1 S.D is known (i.e. ) is know and n>30 X = + Z a/2 n Case 1 S.D of papulation (i.e. 1 and 2) is know and n1 and n2 >30 (X1 X2) = + Z a/2 12 + 22 n1 n2

Case 2 S.D is known (i.e. ) is unknow and n<30 X = + t a/2 s with (n 1) d.f. n

Case 2 S.D of papulation (i.e. 1 and 2) is unknow and n1 and n2 <30 (X1 X2) = + t a/2 Sp 1 + 1 n1 n2 Sp (Pooled Standard Deviation) Sp = (n1 - 1)s12 + (n2 - 1)s22 n1 + n2 - 2

Testing Of Hypothesis
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PREPARE BY: SIR MOMIN Case 1 Z = X - n Z = X - s n When is known Case 2 .t = = X - s / n When is unknown and n < 30

where X is the sample mean and When is unknown and n > 30 s = ( x - x)2 n - 1 OR S = . Case 2 nx2 - (x)2 n(n - 1)

Case 1 Z = (X1 - X2) do (when 1 and 2 are 12 + 22 known) n1 n2 Z = (X1 - X2) do (when 1 and 2 are s12 + s22 unknown and n1 and n1 n2 n2 < 30)

Z = (X1 - X2) do (when 1 and 2 Sp 1 + 1 areunknown and . n1 + n2 n1 and n2 < 30 Sp (Pooled Standard Deviation) Sp = (n1 - 1)s12 + (n2 - 1)s22 n1 + n2 - 2

BUSINESS MATHMATICS
Quadratic Equation
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X = - b + b2 - 4ac 2a

For Vertex
.x = b , 2a y = b2 - 4ac 4a

Equation of Straight Line


.y - y1 = y2 - y1 ( x - x1) x2 - x1

Equation of Straight Line Passing through points with slope


.y - y1 = m (x - x1)

General Form of Straight line


. y = mx + c

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